Porcelainized powder as well as preparation method and application thereof

Abstract

The invention discloses porcelainized powder as well as a preparation method and application thereof, and relates to the technical field of ceramics. The preparation method comprises the following steps: mixing montmorillonoid and organic acid for the first time, performing ultrasonic treatment, centrifuging, and taking precipitate to obtain pretreated montmorillonoid; mixing the pretreated montmorillonite, an organic treating agent, a cross-linking agent, a catalyst and inorganic nanoparticles for the second time, and heating to obtain a montmorillonite compound; and mixing the montmorillonite compound, low-melting-point glass powder and an auxiliary agent, and gradually heating and sintering to obtain the porcelainized powder. According to the invention, low-melting-point glass powder and inorganic nanoparticles can firstly flow at a low temperature and uniformly fill pores of an original three-dimensional structure to form a more compact inorganic network and a continuous ceramic three-dimensional network structure, and finally sintering is carried out to obtain the porcelainized powder, so that moisture absorption is prevented, and meanwhile, the surface of the ceramic three-dimensional network structure is more uniform. And the mechanical strength and the tensile strength of the subsequent cable can be enhanced.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present invention relates to the technical field of ceramics, and particularly relates to a ceramizing powder, a preparation method thereof and an application thereof. Background Art

[0002] At present, due to the composition and structural characteristics of the ceramizing powder, the ceramizing powder is usually composed of a variety of inorganic minerals, and these minerals may contain hydrophilic groups or have an open crystal structure, and most of them are applied in the outdoor field, which makes them easily adsorb moisture in the air, resulting in a series of problems such as a rapid decrease in the insulation resistance of the wire. Summary of the Invention

[0003] The main object of the present invention is to provide a ceramizing powder, a preparation method thereof and an application thereof, aiming to solve the problem of poor thermal conductivity and heat preservation performance of the existing ceramizing powder.

[0004] In view of this, the present application provides a preparation method of a ceramizing powder, including the following steps:

[0005] S10. Mix montmorillonite and an organic acid for the first time, perform ultrasonic treatment, centrifuge, and take the precipitate to obtain pretreated montmorillonite;

[0006] S20. Mix the pretreated montmorillonite, an organic treatment agent, a crosslinking agent, a catalyst and some inorganic nanoparticles, and heat to obtain a montmorillonite composite;

[0007] S30. Mix the montmorillonite composite, low-melting glass powder, the remaining inorganic nanoparticles and an additive, and perform stepwise temperature-raising sintering to obtain the ceramizing powder.

[0008] In some embodiments, in step S10:

[0009] The mass ratio of the montmorillonite to the organic acid is (4-6):1; and / or,

[0010] The organic acid includes acetic acid, phosphoric acid or citric acid.

[0011] In some embodiments, step S20 includes:

[0012] S201. Mix the pretreated montmorillonite with the organic treatment agent and some inorganic nanoparticles for the second time, perform the first heating, and cool to obtain a first mixture;

[0013] S202. Mix the first mixture, the crosslinking agent and the catalyst for the third time, and perform the second heating to obtain the montmorillonite composite.

[0014] In some embodiments, in step S201:

[0015] The mass ratio of the pretreated montmorillonite, the organic treatment agent, and the partial inorganic nanoparticles is 10:(3 - 6);(0.3 - 0.6); and / or,

[0016] The organic treatment agent includes polyethylene glycol or glycerol; and / or,

[0017] The inorganic nanoparticles include nano-silica or nano-alumina, and the particle size of the nano-silica includes 10 - 50 nm; and / or,

[0018] The temperature of the first heating is 60°C - 90°C; and / or,

[0019] The time of the first heating is 4 - 6 h.

[0020] In some embodiments, in step S202:

[0021] The mass ratio of the first mixture, the crosslinking agent, and the catalyst is (10 - 20):(1.5 - 3):(0.15 - 0.3); and / or,

[0022] The temperature of the second heating is 100°C - 150°C; and / or,

[0023] The time of the first heating is 2 - 4 h.

[0024] In some embodiments, step S30 includes:

[0025] Mix the remaining partial inorganic nanoparticles with the low-melting glass powder, and stir to obtain a slurry;

[0026] Perform stepwise temperature rise sintering on the montmorillonite composite, the slurry, and the additive to obtain a ceramized powder.

[0027] In some embodiments, the mass ratio of the remaining partial inorganic nanoparticles to the low-melting glass powder is (3 - 5):(15 - 20); and / or,

[0028] The mass ratio of the montmorillonite composite, the slurry, and the additive is 1:(1 - 2):(0.1 - 0.25); and / or,

[0029] The additive includes sodium oxide or calcium oxide.

[0030] In some embodiments, the stepwise temperature rise sintering in step S30 includes: first sinter at 400 - 500°C for 2 - 4 h, then increase the temperature at a rate of 1 - 2°C / min to 600 - 700°C and sinter for 2 - 4 h, and finally increase the temperature at a rate of 1 - 2°C / min to 750 - 850°C.

[0031] The present application provides a porcelainizing powder, which includes the porcelainizing powder prepared by the preparation method of the porcelainizing powder described in any one of the above.

[0032] The present application also provides a cable, which includes a ceramized refractory layer, and the material of the ceramized refractory layer includes the porcelainizing powder described above.

[0033] In the technical solution of the present application, in step S10, after the montmorillonite is treated with an organic acid, the interlayer spacing of the montmorillonite is expanded, which facilitates subsequent reactions. In step S20, after the addition of an organic treatment agent, a crosslinking agent, a catalyst, and some inorganic nanoparticles, a montmorillonite composite with a three-dimensional network structure is formed. Among them, the organic treatment agent enters the interlayer of the montmorillonite to make the structure denser. After combining with the crosslinking agent, a crosslinking reaction occurs to make the formed three-dimensional network structure more effective in blocking external moisture and preventing moisture absorption. In addition, the inorganic nanoparticles can form hydrogen bonds or covalent bonds with the montmorillonite layers to enhance the interlayer interaction and further provide the stability of the three-dimensional network structure. In step S30, since high-temperature sintering is required to obtain the porcelainizing powder, the material of the previous three-dimensional network structure will partially collapse. Therefore, by adopting a slurry mixed with low-melting glass powder and the remaining part of the inorganic nanoparticles, and through the method of gradually heating and sintering, the low-melting glass powder and the inorganic nanoparticles can flow at a low temperature first and uniformly fill the pores of the original three-dimensional structure to form a denser inorganic network, forming a continuous ceramic three-dimensional network structure. Finally, the sintered porcelainizing powder not only prevents moisture absorption, but also improves the mechanical strength and tensile resistance. Detailed Embodiments

[0034] To make the objectives, technical solutions, and advantages of the embodiments of the present invention clearer, the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below. Those not specified in the embodiments are carried out according to conventional conditions or conditions recommended by the manufacturer. The reagents or instruments not specified in the manufacturer are all conventional products that can be obtained through commercial purchase. In addition, the meaning of "and / or" appearing throughout the text includes three parallel solutions. Taking "A and / or B" as an example, it includes solution A, solution B, or a solution that satisfies both A and B at the same time. In addition, the technical solutions between the various embodiments can be combined with each other, but it must be based on the fact that those skilled in the art can implement it. When the combination of technical solutions is contradictory or cannot be implemented, it should be considered that such a combination of technical solutions does not exist and is not within the scope of protection required by the present invention. Based on the embodiments of the present invention, all other embodiments obtained by those of ordinary skill in the art without creative efforts fall within the scope of protection of the present invention.

[0035] Currently, due to the composition and structural characteristics of the ceramized powder, the ceramized powder is usually composed of a variety of inorganic minerals. These minerals may contain hydrophilic groups or have an open crystal structure, and most of them are used in outdoor fields, which makes them easily adsorb moisture in the air, resulting in a series of problems such as a rapid decrease in the insulation resistance of the wire.

[0036] The embodiment of the present application provides a preparation method of a ceramized powder, including the following steps:

[0037] S10. Mix montmorillonite and organic acid for the first time, perform ultrasonic treatment, centrifuge, and take the precipitate to obtain pretreated montmorillonite;

[0038] S20. Mix the pretreated montmorillonite, organic treatment agent, crosslinking agent, catalyst, and part of the inorganic nanoparticles, and heat to obtain a montmorillonite composite;

[0039] S30. Mix the montmorillonite composite, low-melting-point glass powder, the remaining part of the inorganic nanoparticles, and an auxiliary agent, and perform step-by-step temperature-raising sintering to obtain the ceramized powder.

[0040] In the technical solution of the present application, in step S10, after treating montmorillonite with an organic acid, the interlayer spacing of montmorillonite is enlarged, which is convenient for subsequent reactions. In step S20, after adding an organic treatment agent, a crosslinking agent, a catalyst, and part of the inorganic nanoparticles, a montmorillonite composite with a three-dimensional network structure is formed. Among them, the organic treatment agent enters the interlayer of montmorillonite to make the structure denser. The three-dimensional network structure formed together with the crosslinking agent can effectively block external moisture and prevent moisture absorption. In addition, the inorganic nanoparticles can form hydrogen bonds or covalent bonds with the montmorillonite layers, enhancing the interlayer interaction and further providing the stability of the three-dimensional network structure. In step S30, since high-temperature sintering is required to obtain the ceramized powder, the materials with the previous three-dimensional network structure will partially collapse. Therefore, by adopting a slurry mixed with low-melting-point glass powder and the remaining part of the inorganic nanoparticles, through the method of step-by-step temperature-raising sintering, the low-melting-point glass powder and the inorganic nanoparticles can flow at a low temperature first and uniformly fill the pores of the original three-dimensional structure, forming a denser inorganic network and a continuous ceramic three-dimensional network structure. Finally, the ceramized powder obtained by sintering not only prevents moisture absorption but also enhances the mechanical strength and tensile resistance.

[0041] It should be noted that montmorillonite is a layered silicate mineral and belongs to a kind of clay mineral. Its chemical composition is usually (Na,Ca) 0.33 (Al,Mg)2Si4O 10 (OH)2·nH2O, which means it is mainly composed of aluminum, magnesium, silicon, and oxygen and contains exchangeable cations such as sodium or calcium. Montmorillonite has been widely used in many industries due to its unique physical and chemical properties.

[0042] In some embodiments, the organic acid includes acetic acid, phosphoric acid or citric acid. The organic acid can exchange with the cations between the montmorillonite layers, improve the layer spacing of the montmorillonite, and facilitate the subsequent reaction.

[0043] In some embodiments, the mass ratio of the montmorillonite to the organic acid is (4 - 6):1. Within this range, the surface of the montmorillonite can be fully activated, which is beneficial to subsequent compounding, and over-activation can also be avoided.

[0044] In some embodiments, step S20 includes:

[0045] S201. Secondarily mix the pretreated montmorillonite, the organic treatment agent, and some inorganic nanoparticles, first heat, and then cool to obtain a first mixture;

[0046] S202. Tertiary mix the first mixture, the crosslinking agent, and the catalyst, and secondarily heat to obtain a montmorillonite composite.

[0047] By adopting the above step-by-step treatment method, the components in the finally generated montmorillonite composite react sufficiently, forming a complete three-dimensional network structure, and optimizing the performance of the montmorillonite composite.

[0048] In some embodiments, in step S201, the mass ratio of the pretreated montmorillonite, the organic treatment agent, and the some inorganic nanoparticles is 10:(3 - 6);(0.3 - 0.6). Within these ranges, not only can a dense montmorillonite composite be constructed to improve the water resistance, but also a three-dimensional network structure can be formed to enhance the strength and toughness of the material.

[0049] In some embodiments, the organic treatment agent includes polyethylene glycol or glycerol. It can be understood that the organic treatment agent includes polyethylene glycol or polypropylene glycol. Although they are hydrophilic themselves, when they are inserted between the montmorillonite layers, this insertion not only expands the interlayer distance but also forms a steric hindrance. In this way, it can work in the opposite way to reduce the space for water molecules to enter, thereby reducing the hygroscopicity. In addition, the organic treatment agent is bonded to the montmorillonite surface through chemical bonds, reducing the affinity of the montmorillonite interlayer for water molecules. Further, a three-dimensional network structure is formed with the crosslinking agent later, which can improve the density of the material and further reduce the channels for water molecules to enter, jointly optimizing the moisture-proof performance of the ceramizable powder. Specifically, during the implementation process, when the molecular weight of polyethylene glycol is 20000, it generally needs to be configured into a solution for use. Among them, the mass ratio of polyethylene glycol 20000 to water is preferably 1:(2 - 3).

[0050] In some embodiments, the inorganic nanoparticles include nano-silica or nano-alumina. The inorganic nanoparticles can fill the pores and ensure a dense sintering effect at the same time. Preferably, they are nano-silica, and the particle size of the nano-silica is preferably 10 - 50 nm, which can increase the specific surface area, facilitate subsequent uniform mixing, and improve the sintering density.

[0051] In some embodiments, the temperature of the first heating is 60°C - 90°C; the time of the first heating is 4 - 6 h. Within this heating range, the dispersion of some inorganic nanoparticles in the polymer matrix can be improved, the agglomeration phenomenon can be reduced, which helps to disperse more uniformly in the whole system, and more effectively promotes polyethylene glycol and inorganic nanoparticles to enter the interlayer structure of montmorillonite, forming an organic-inorganic hybrid material and optimizing the properties of the material.

[0052] In some embodiments, in step S202: the mass ratio of the first mixture, the crosslinking agent and the catalyst is (10 - 20):(1.5 - 3):(0.15 - 0.3). Within this range, the first mixture, the crosslinking agent and the catalyst can react fully. After crosslinking, a montmorillonite composite with a three-dimensional network structure is formed, which has the property of preventing moisture absorption and can also improve the mechanical strength and elongation at break.

[0053] In some embodiments, the crosslinking agent includes epoxy resin, and the catalyst includes triethylenetriamine, which is mainly used to polymerize with the pretreated montmorillonite and the organic treatment agent to generate a three-dimensional network structure, improving the compactness of the interlayer structure while also increasing the tensile strength and elongation at break of the material.

[0054] In some embodiments, the temperature of the second heating is 100°C - 150°C; the time of the second heating is 2 - 4 h. Within this heating range, it is convenient for the crosslinking agent, the catalyst and the first mixture to react fully and crosslink to form a three-dimensional network structure, improving the properties of the material.

[0055] Among them, in some embodiments, step S30 includes:

[0056] Mix the remaining inorganic nanoparticles with the low-melting glass powder, stir to obtain a slurry;

[0057] Gradually heat the montmorillonite composite, the slurry and the additives for sintering to obtain a vitrified powder.

[0058] In the embodiments of the present application, the low-melting glass powder and the additives are both obtained by conventional purchase. Among them, the low-melting glass powder begins to soften and flow at the initial high temperature during the sintering process, entraining the inorganic nanoparticles to fill the voids between the particles, promoting close contact between the particles. Subsequently, even after high-temperature sintering, although the original structure will partially collapse, the inorganic nanoparticles can partially fill it, thereby forming a continuous inorganic network structure and further optimizing the performance of the ceramizable powder.

[0059] In some embodiments, the mass ratio of the remaining inorganic nanoparticles to the low-melting glass powder is (3 - 5):(15 - 20). Within this range, the fluidity of the slurry can be good, and at the same time, the subsequent dense sintering effect can be ensured.

[0060] In some embodiments, the mass ratio of the montmorillonite composite to the slurry and the additives is 1:(1 - 2):(0.1 - 0.25). Within this range, it helps to stabilize the three-dimensional network structure and can also improve the mechanical properties.

[0061] In some embodiments, the additive includes sodium oxide or calcium oxide. As a flux, it reduces the sintering temperature of the inorganic nanoparticles, increases the fluidity of the slurry, and facilitates the subsequent filling of the network pores.

[0062] In some embodiments, the step of gradually increasing the temperature for sintering in step S30 includes: first sintering at 400 - 500 °C for 2 - 4 h, then increasing the temperature at a rate of 1 - 2 °C / min to 600 - 700 °C and sintering for 2 - 4 h, and finally increasing the temperature at a rate of 1 - 2 °C / min to 750 - 850 °C.

[0063] In this step, first, through the first sintering at 400 - 500 °C, the organic matter is removed to form a skeleton. Sintering at 600 - 700 °C can cause the low-melting glass powder to melt and entrain the nano-inorganic particles to flow and fill the pores of the montmorillonite composite. Finally, high-temperature sintering at 750 - 850 °C strengthens the structure to form a stable three-dimensional network structure.

[0064] The embodiments of the present application provide a ceramizable powder, and the ceramizable powder includes the ceramizable powder prepared by the preparation method of the ceramizable powder described in any one of the above.

[0065] The embodiments of the present application provide a cable, and the cable includes a ceramized refractory layer, and the ceramized refractory layer includes the ceramizable powder as described above.

[0066] The technical solutions of the present invention will be further described in detail below in conjunction with specific embodiments. It should be understood that the following embodiments are only used to explain the present invention and are not used to limit the present invention.

[0067] Embodiment Materials

[0068] Polyethylene glycol 20000, analytical pure, from an experimental reagent company;

[0069] The low melting point glass powder was purchased from Shenzhen Anmi Xike New Materials Co., Ltd., model XK-D50;

[0070] The epoxy resin is bisphenol A type E-44.

[0071] Example 1

[0072] This example provides a method for preparing porcelainizing powder, and the preparation method includes the following steps:

[0073] Add 15 g of montmorillonite to 50 mL of deionized water, mix and stir, add 2 mL of acetic acid while stirring for the first mixing, ultrasonicate for 30 min, then centrifuge at 4000 rpm for 10 minutes, discard the supernatant, and repeatedly wash the precipitate with deionized water until the washing liquid is neutral to obtain pretreated montmorillonite;

[0074] Mix polyethylene glycol 20000 and water in a ratio of 1:2 to obtain a polyethylene glycol solution. Weigh 10 g of the pretreated montmorillonite, 6 g of the polyethylene glycol solution, and 0.5 g of nano-silica for the second mixing, ultrasonicate for 1 hour, heat at 90 °C for 6 hours, then add 1.5 g of epoxy resin and 0.15 g of triethylenetriamine, heat at 130 °C for 3 hours while stirring to carry out a polymerization reaction to obtain a montmorillonite composite;

[0075] Disperse 5 g of nano-silica evenly in water, mix with 15 g of low melting point glass powder, and ultrasonicate to obtain a slurry;

[0076] Weigh 10 g of the montmorillonite composite, 10 g of the slurry, and 1.5 g of sodium oxide, pre-sinter at 500 °C for 3 h first, then increase the temperature to 600 °C at a heating rate of 2 °C / min and sinter for 2 h, and then continue to increase the temperature to 800 °C at a heating rate of 2 °C / min for high-temperature sintering to obtain porcelainizing powder.

[0077] Example 2

[0078] This example provides a method for preparing porcelainizing powder and the porcelainizing powder prepared by this preparation method. The preparation method includes the following steps:

[0079] Add 15 g of montmorillonite to 50 mL of deionized water, mix and stir, add 2 mL of acetic acid while stirring for the first mixing, ultrasonicate for 30 min, then centrifuge at 4000 rpm for 10 minutes, discard the supernatant, and repeatedly wash the precipitate with deionized water until the washing liquid is neutral to obtain pretreated montmorillonite;

[0080] Mix polyethylene glycol 20000 and water in a ratio of 1:2 to obtain a polyethylene glycol solution. Weigh 10 g of the pretreated montmorillonite, mix it with 3 g of the polyethylene glycol solution and 0.3 g of nano-silica for the second time, ultrasonicate for 1 hour, heat at 90 °C for 6 hours, then add 1.5 g of epoxy resin and 0.15 g of triethylenetriamine, heat at 130 °C for 3 hours while stirring to carry out a polymerization reaction to obtain a montmorillonite composite;

[0081] Disperse 3 g of nano-silica evenly in water, mix it with 15 g of low-melting-point glass powder, and ultrasonicate to obtain a slurry;

[0082] Weigh 10 g of the montmorillonite composite, 10 g of the slurry, and 1.5 g of sodium oxide, pre-sinter at 500 °C for 3 h, then increase the temperature to 600 °C at a heating rate of 2 °C / min and sinter for 2 h, and then continue to increase the temperature to 800 °C at a heating rate of 2 °C / min for high-temperature sintering, and cool to obtain a ceramized powder.

[0083] Example 3

[0084] This example provides a method for preparing a ceramized powder and the ceramized powder prepared by this preparation method. The preparation method includes the following steps:

[0085] Add 15 g of montmorillonite to 50 mL of deionized water, mix and stir, add 2 mL of acetic acid while stirring for the first mixing, ultrasonicate for 30 min, then centrifuge at 4000 rpm for 10 minutes, discard the supernatant, and repeatedly wash the precipitate with deionized water until the washing liquid is neutral to obtain pretreated montmorillonite;

[0086] Mix polyethylene glycol 20000 and water in a ratio of 1:2 to obtain a polyethylene glycol solution. Weigh 10 g of the pretreated montmorillonite, mix it with 5 g of the polyethylene glycol solution and 0.3 g of nano-silica for the second time, ultrasonicate for 1 hour, heat at 90 °C for 6 hours, then add 1.5 g of epoxy resin and 0.15 g of triethylenetriamine, heat at 130 °C for 3 hours while stirring to carry out a polymerization reaction to obtain a montmorillonite composite;

[0087] Disperse 5 g of nano-silica evenly in water, mix it with 20 g of low-melting-point glass powder, and ultrasonicate to obtain a slurry;

[0088] Weigh 10 g of the montmorillonite composite, 10 g of the slurry, and 1.5 g of sodium oxide, pre-sinter at 500 °C for 3 h, then increase the temperature to 600 °C at a heating rate of 2 °C / min and sinter for 2 h, and then continue to increase the temperature to 800 °C at a heating rate of 2 °C / min for high-temperature sintering, and cool to obtain a ceramized powder.

[0089] Comparative Example 1

[0090] This comparative example provides a method for preparing a porcelain powder and the porcelain powder prepared by this preparation method. The preparation method includes the following steps: Add 15 g of montmorillonite to 50 mL of deionized water, mix and stir, add 2 mL of acetic acid while stirring for the first mixing, ultrasonicate for 30 min, then centrifuge at 4000 rpm for 10 minutes, discard the supernatant, and repeatedly wash the precipitate with deionized water until the washing liquid is neutral to obtain pretreated montmorillonite;

[0091] Disperse 5 g of nano-silica evenly in water, mix it with 15 g of low-melting-point glass powder, and ultrasonicate to obtain a slurry;

[0092] Weigh 10 g of the pretreated montmorillonite complex, 10 g of the slurry, and 1.5 g of sodium oxide, first pre-sinter at 500 °C for 3 h, then increase the temperature to 600 °C at a heating rate of 2 °C / min and sinter for 2 h, and then continue to increase the temperature to 800 °C at a heating rate of 2 °C / min for high-temperature sintering, and cool to obtain the porcelain powder.

[0093] Comparative Example 2

[0094] This comparative example provides a method for preparing a porcelain powder and the porcelain powder prepared by this preparation method. The preparation method includes the following steps:

[0095] Add 15 g of montmorillonite to 50 mL of deionized water, mix and stir, add 2 mL of acetic acid while stirring for the first mixing, ultrasonicate for 30 min, then centrifuge at 4000 rpm for 10 minutes, discard the supernatant, and repeatedly wash the precipitate with deionized water until the washing liquid is neutral to obtain pretreated montmorillonite;

[0096] Mix polyethylene glycol 20000 and water in a ratio of 1:2 to obtain a polyethylene glycol solution. Weigh 10 g of the pretreated montmorillonite and 6 g of the polyethylene glycol solution for the second mixing, ultrasonicate for 1 hour, heat at 90 °C for 6 hours, then add 1.5 g of epoxy resin and 0.15 g of triethylenetriamine, heat at 130 °C for 3 hours while stirring to carry out a polymerization reaction to obtain a montmorillonite complex;

[0097] Mix 15 g of low-melting-point glass powder with 5 g of water and ultrasonicate to obtain a slurry;

[0098] Weigh 10 g of the montmorillonite complex, 10 g of the slurry, and 1.5 g of sodium oxide, first pre-sinter at 500 °C for 3 h, then increase the temperature to 600 °C at a heating rate of 2 °C / min and sinter for 2 h, and then continue to increase the temperature to 800 °C at a heating rate of 2 °C / min for high-temperature sintering, and cool to obtain the porcelain powder.

[0099] Comparative Example 3

[0100] This comparative example provides a method for preparing a porcelain powder and the porcelain powder prepared by this preparation method. The preparation method includes the following steps:

[0101] Add 15 g of montmorillonite to 50 mL of deionized water, mix and stir, add 2 mL of acetic acid while stirring for the first mixing, ultrasonicate for 30 min, then centrifuge at 4000 rpm for 10 minutes, discard the supernatant, and repeatedly wash the precipitate with deionized water until the washing liquid is neutral to obtain pretreated montmorillonite;

[0102] Mix polyethylene glycol 20000 and water in a ratio of 1:2 to obtain a polyethylene glycol solution. Weigh 10 g of the pretreated montmorillonite, 6 g of the polyethylene glycol solution, and 0.5 g of nano-silica for the second mixing, and ultrasonicate for 1 hour to obtain a montmorillonite composite;

[0103] Uniformly disperse 5 g of nano-silica in water, mix it with 15 g of low-melting-point glass powder, and ultrasonicate to obtain a slurry;

[0104] Weigh 10 g of the montmorillonite composite, 10 g of the slurry, and 1.5 g of sodium oxide, first pre-sinter at 500 °C for 3 h, then increase the temperature to 600 °C at a heating rate of 2 °C / min and sinter for 2 h, and then continue to increase the temperature to 800 °C at a heating rate of 2 °C / min for high-temperature sintering, and cool to obtain the porcelain powder.

[0105] Performance test:

[0106] Prepare cables from the porcelain powders prepared in Examples 1-3 and the porcelain powders prepared in Comparative Examples 1-3, and check the moisture absorption performance and mechanical properties.

[0107] Moisture absorption performance test method: First weigh the initial mass of the porcelain powders prepared in the examples and comparative examples, then weigh the mass of the samples again after 48 h at room temperature, calculate the weight gain rate, and the results are shown in Table 1.

[0108] Table 1

[0109] Test items Weight gain rate (%) Example 1 10.4 Example 2 12.1 Example 3 11.5 Comparative example 1 56.7 Comparative example 2 39.4 Comparative example 3 42.5

[0110] It can be seen from the experimental data in Table 1 that the porcelain powders prepared in Examples 1, 2, and 3 can prevent moisture absorption well due to the formation of a three-dimensional network structure. In Comparative Example 1, since a three-dimensional network structure is not formed, it is more likely to absorb moisture. In Comparative Example 2, due to the lack of use of inorganic nanoparticles, the formed three-dimensional network structure is unstable, and after high-temperature sintering, the three-dimensional network structure will partially collapse, making it more likely to absorb moisture than in the examples. In Comparative Example 3, due to only the steric hindrance effect of polyethylene glycol, the effect of preventing moisture absorption is slightly weak, and no cross-linking reaction occurs, so the weight gain rate is not low.

[0111] Mechanical property test method: Using a rubber extruder, extrude and coat silicone rubber on a copper conductor, and vulcanize it in a vulcanizing box at 150 °C to obtain an insulating layer. Weigh the ceramized powders prepared in the above examples and comparative examples respectively, mix them with silicone rubber at a mass ratio of 3:2, extrude and coat them onto the insulating layer, and wrap a 2-mm-thick nano-aerogel pad around the outside; finally, melt and extrude to coat a 2-mm-thick sheath layer to obtain a cable.

[0112] According to the low-temperature bending test of IEC60811-504, take about 1 m of the cable prepared in the above different test examples, keep it in a low-temperature box at -40 °C for 16 h, bend the cable 5 times around a cylinder with a diameter 10 times its own, and observe whether there are cracks;

[0113] According to the ASTM D624 test standard, apply a tensile force at a rate of 500 mm / min on a tensile testing machine to test the tear force, and the test results are shown in Table 2.

[0114] Table 2

[0115] Test items Whether there are cracks Tear strength (kN / m) Example 1 No 40 Example 2 No 32 Example 3 No 38 Comparative example 1 Yes 19 Comparative example 2 Yes 28 Comparative example 3 Yes 22

[0116] It can be seen from the experimental data in Table 2 that for the ceramized powders prepared in Examples 1, 2, and 3, due to the formation of a three-dimensional network structure and the synergistic composite effect of inorganic nano-molecules, the tensile properties and bending properties are better than those of the comparative examples. In Comparative Example 1, since a three-dimensional network structure is not formed, the mechanical strength is not high. In Comparative Example 2, due to the lack of the composite of inorganic nano-particles, the three-dimensional network structure will partially collapse, so the tear force is worse. In Comparative Example 3, since it is not crosslinked into a three-dimensional network structure and only has the intercalation effect of polyethylene glycol, the mechanical strength is also low and the tear force is weak.

[0117] The above are only the preferred embodiments of the present invention, and do not limit the patent scope of the present invention. For those skilled in the art, the present invention can have various changes and modifications. Any modification, equivalent replacement, improvement, etc. made within the spirit and principle of the present invention shall be included within the patent protection scope of the present invention.

Claims

1. A preparation method of porcelainized powder, characterized in that, It includes the following steps: S10. First mix montmorillonite and organic acid, perform ultrasonic treatment, centrifuge, and take the precipitate to obtain pretreated montmorillonite; S20. Mix the pretreated montmorillonite, organic treatment agent, crosslinking agent, catalyst, and part of the inorganic nanoparticles, and heat to obtain a montmorillonite composite; S30. Mix the montmorillonite composite, low-melting-point glass powder, the remaining part of the inorganic nanoparticles, and an auxiliary agent, and perform stepwise heating and sintering to obtain a ceramized powder.

2. The preparation method of the porcelainized powder according to claim 1, characterized in that, In step S10: The mass ratio of the montmorillonite to the organic acid is (4-6):1; and / or, The organic acid includes acetic acid, phosphoric acid, or citric acid.

3. The preparation method of the ceramized powder according to claim 1, wherein, Step S20 includes: S201. Second mix the pretreated montmorillonite with the organic treatment agent and part of the inorganic nanoparticles, perform first heating, and cool to obtain a first mixture; S202. Third mix the first mixture, crosslinking agent, and catalyst, and perform second heating to obtain a montmorillonite composite.

4. The preparation method of the porcelainized powder according to claim 3, characterized in that, In step S201: The mass ratio of the pretreated montmorillonite, the organic treatment agent, and the part of the inorganic nanoparticles is 10:(3-6);(0.3-0.6); and / or, The organic treatment agent includes polyethylene glycol or glycerol; and / or, The inorganic nanoparticles include nano-silica or nano-aluminum oxide, and the particle size of the nano-silica is 10-50 nm; and / or, The temperature of the first heating is 60°C-90°C; and / or, The time of the first heating is 4-6 h.

5. The preparation method of the porcelainizing powder according to claim 3, characterized in that, In step S202: The mass ratio of the first mixture, the crosslinking agent, and the catalyst is (10-20):(1.5-3):(0.15-0.3); and / or, The crosslinking agent includes epoxy resin; and / or, The catalyst includes triethylenetriamine; and / or, The temperature of the second heating is 100°C-150°C; and / or, The time of the second heating is 2-4 h.

6. The preparation method of the porcelainized powder according to claim 1, characterized in that, Step S30 includes: Mix the remaining part of the inorganic nanoparticles with the low-melting-point glass powder, and stir to obtain a slurry; Perform stepwise heating and sintering on the montmorillonite composite, the slurry, and the auxiliary agent to obtain a ceramized powder.

7. The preparation method of the porcelainizing powder according to claim 6, wherein, The mass ratio of the remaining part of the inorganic nanoparticles to the low-melting-point glass powder is (3-5):(15-20); and / or, The mass ratio of the montmorillonite composite, the slurry, and the auxiliary agent is 1:(1-2):(0.1-0.25); and / or, The auxiliary agent includes sodium oxide or calcium oxide.

8. The preparation method of the porcelainized powder according to claim 1, characterized in that, The stepwise heating and sintering in step S30 includes: first sinter at 400-500°C for 2-4 h, then increase the temperature at a heating rate of 1-2°C / min to 600-700°C and sinter for 2-4 h, and finally increase the temperature at a heating rate of 1-2°C / min to 750-850°C.

9. A porcelainized powder, characterized in that, The ceramized powder includes the ceramized powder prepared by the preparation method of the ceramized powder according to any one of claims 1-7.

10. A cable, characterized in that, The cable includes a ceramized refractory layer, and the material of the ceramized refractory layer includes the ceramized powder according to claim 9.