High-temperature-resistant anti-cracking cable special for kiln and preparation method thereof

Abstract

The invention relates to the technical field of cable materials, and discloses a high-temperature-resistant anti-cracking cable special for a kiln and a preparation method thereof.The preparation method comprises the following preparation steps that polyvinyl chloride resin, composite reinforcing filler, an antioxidant, a stabilizer, a plasticizer and a lubricant are mixed, mixed and extruded, and a cable material is obtained; and melting the cable material, and coating the surface of a metal wire core with the cable material to obtain the special cable for the kiln. In the composite reinforcing filler, the modified nano cellulose whisker and polylactic acid form a hydrogen bond combined cross-linked network structure, the modified carbon fiber and the modified graphene oxide can be embedded into the cross-linked network structure, the cross-linking density is increased, the mechanical strength of the cable is enhanced, and the hydrogen bonds play a cross-linking role in the polyvinyl chloride cable material, so that the cable material has a good anti-aging effect. In addition, the modified nanocellulose whiskers and the modified carbon fibers are distributed in a disordered manner, so that the toughness of the polyvinyl chloride cable material is further improved.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present invention relates to the technical field of cable materials, and particularly to a special cable for high-temperature resistant and crack-proof kilns and a preparation method thereof. Background Art

[0002] A cable is made of one or more mutually insulated conductors and an outer insulating protective layer. Among them, the insulating protective layer is mainly prepared from cable material with good insulating effect, and the performance of the cable material will directly affect the use of the cable; the cable material usually uses polyvinyl chloride as the base resin, and stabilizers, plasticizers, inorganic fillers and lubricants are added. After mixing and extrusion, the formed polyvinyl chloride cable material has good anti-corrosion, insulation, water resistance and other properties, and is widely used in the construction industry, industrial automation and manufacturing, and electronic and electrical fields.

[0003] Polyvinyl chloride wire and cable has poor heat resistance. At high temperatures, polyvinyl chloride is prone to degradation, which affects the mechanical properties of the polyvinyl chloride cable material. Moreover, the polyvinyl chloride cable material is prone to crack at high temperatures, affecting the application of the polyvinyl chloride wire and cable in high-temperature kilns; by adding high-temperature resistant inorganic materials, the heat resistance and mechanical properties of the polyvinyl chloride wire and cable can be improved, but the inorganic materials have poor dispersibility in the polyvinyl chloride cable material and are prone to migration and precipitation. Summary of the Invention

[0004] The present invention provides a special cable for high-temperature resistant and crack-proof kilns and a preparation method thereof, which solves the problems of poor heat resistance and mechanical properties of polyvinyl chloride wire and cable.

[0005] The technical solution of the present invention: A preparation method of a special cable for high-temperature resistant and crack-proof kilns includes the following preparation steps: S1. Mix polyvinyl chloride resin, composite reinforcing filler, antioxidant, stabilizer, plasticizer and lubricant, and after mixing and extrusion, obtain cable material; S2. After melting the cable material, coat it on the surface of the metal wire core to obtain a special cable for kilns; The composite reinforcing filler is obtained by mixing carbon fiber modified with polydopamine and alumina sol, aging and drying, and then mixing and reacting with furan-2,4-dicarboxylic acid, amino-functionalized nanocellulose whiskers, polylactic acid and modified graphene oxide; The modified graphene oxide is obtained by modifying graphene oxide with maleic anhydride and then carrying out emulsion polymerization with organosilicon, methyl methacrylate and glycidyl methacrylate.

[0006] Further, the mixing is carried out by a mixer, the mixing temperature is 140-150 °C, and the mixing time is 20-30 min.

[0007] Further, extrusion is carried out using a twin-screw extruder. The screw speed in the twin-screw extruder is 200 - 300 rpm, the head temperature is 100 - 110 °C, and the temperature of the screw feeding section is 115 - 125 °C.

[0008] Further, the melting temperature is 150 - 200 °C.

[0009] Further, the density of the polyvinyl chloride resin is 1.3 - 1.4 g / cm 3 , and the average molecular weight is 1.5×10 5 -2.1×10 5 .

[0010] Further, the antioxidant is selected from one of bisphenol A, antioxidant CA, and triphenyl phosphite.

[0011] Further, the stabilizer is selected from one of calcium-zinc stabilizer CZ-116, calcium-zinc stabilizer CZ-108, and calcium-zinc stabilizer CZ-113; Further, the plasticizer is diisodecyl phthalate.

[0012] Further, the lubricant is selected from one of magnesium stearate, calcium stearate, and zinc stearate.

[0013] Further, in step S1, the mass ratio of the polyvinyl chloride resin, the composite reinforcing filler, the antioxidant, the stabilizer, the plasticizer, and the lubricant is (150 - 200):(10 - 15):(2 - 3):(2 - 4):(1 - 3):(2 - 4).

[0014] Further, the composite reinforcing filler is specifically prepared by the following steps: A1. Add carbon fiber into Tris-HCl buffer solution, stir evenly, add dopamine, stir until the reaction is completed, filter, wash, and dry to obtain poly-dopamine modified carbon fiber; A2. Mix aluminum chloride hexahydrate, ethanol, deionized water, and propylene oxide, stir evenly to obtain alumina sol. Mix the poly-dopamine modified carbon fiber and the alumina sol, place them in ethanol, after aging, carry out supercritical drying for 1 - 3 h under the conditions of a pressure of 6 - 8 MPa and a temperature of 200 - 250 °C, and then cool to room temperature to obtain modified carbon fiber; A3. Add graphene oxide into deionized water, stir evenly, add maleic anhydride, stir and react at 55 - 65 °C for 1 - 2 h, cool to room temperature, filter, wash, and dry to obtain maleic anhydride grafted graphene oxide; A4. Add silicone, polyoxyethylene octylphenol ether, and sodium dodecylbenzenesulfonate to deionized water, stir at a rate of 12,000 - 15,000 r / min for 8 - 10 min, add potassium persulfate, methyl methacrylate, glycidyl methacrylate, and maleic anhydride grafted graphene oxide, and stir and react at 75 - 85 °C for 1 - 2 h. After filtration, washing, and drying, modified graphene oxide is obtained; A5. Add nanocrystalline cellulose whiskers to ethanol and deionized water, stir evenly, add γ-aminopropyltriethoxysilane, and stir and react at 70 - 80 °C for 1 - 2 h. Cool to room temperature, add furan-2,4-dicarboxylic acid and hydrochloric acid solution, stir and react, and after filtration, washing, and drying, modified nanocrystalline cellulose whiskers are obtained; A6. Add polylactic acid to dichloroethane, stir evenly to obtain a composite. Add modified nanocrystalline cellulose whiskers to deionized water, stir evenly, add the composite, modified carbon fiber, and modified graphene oxide, perform ultrasonic treatment, and after filtration and drying, a composite reinforcing filler is obtained.

[0015] Further, during the above A1 reaction process, in Tris-HCl buffer solution, dopamine can self-polymerize on the surface of carbon fiber to form polydopamine, forming polydopamine-modified carbon fiber, making the carbon fiber have good reactivity and being beneficial to the formation of alumina aerogel on the surface of carbon fiber.

[0016] Further, during the above A2 reaction process, propylene oxide, as a gel promoter, can promote the hydrolysis and polymerization reaction of aluminum chloride hexahydrate in water and alcohol to form an alumina sol with a three-dimensional network structure; the polydopamine-modified carbon fiber has excellent adhesion performance, enabling the alumina sol to be deposited on the surface of the polydopamine-modified carbon fiber. After aging and supercritical drying in ethanol, a porous alumina aerogel is formed on the surface of the polydopamine-modified carbon fiber.

[0017] Further, during the above A3 reaction process, the carboxyl group formed after the hydrolysis of maleic anhydride can be chemically bonded to the oxygen-containing functional groups on the surface of graphene oxide, enabling maleic anhydride to be grafted onto the surface of graphene oxide to obtain maleic anhydride grafted graphene oxide.

[0018] Furthermore, during the above A4 reaction process, vinyltriethoxysilane undergoes hydrolysis and condensation to form silica microspheres. Polyoxyethylene octylphenol ether and sodium dodecylbenzenesulfonate are used as surfactants, enabling methyl methacrylate and glycidyl methacrylate to adsorb onto the surface of the silicone microspheres. Potassium persulfate is used as an initiator, causing the double bonds of vinyltriethoxysilane, methyl methacrylate, and glycidyl methacrylate to copolymerize. Moreover, the double bonds on the surface of graphene oxide grafted with maleic anhydride can also participate in the reaction, realizing the synthesis of silicone core-shell nanoparticles on the surface of maleic anhydride-grafted graphene oxide.

[0019] Furthermore, during the above A5 reaction process, the silanol groups generated by the hydrolysis of γ-aminopropyltriethoxysilane can chemically bond with the hydroxyl groups on the surface of nanocellulose whiskers, achieving the amination of nanocellulose whiskers. Additionally, the amino groups on the surface of the aminated nanocellulose whiskers can react with the carboxyl groups of furan-2,4-dicarboxylic acid, enabling furan-2,4-dicarboxylic acid to be grafted onto the surface of nanocellulose whiskers through γ-aminopropyltriethoxysilane, introducing amide groups and obtaining modified nanocellulose whiskers.

[0020] Furthermore, during the above A6 reaction process, the amide bonds carried in the modified nanocellulose whiskers can form a hydrogen-bonded crosslinked network structure with polylactic acid. Subsequently, the modified carbon fibers and modified graphene oxide are embedded into the crosslinked network structure, forming a dense composite reinforcing filler with a crosslinked network structure.

[0021] Furthermore, in step A1, the dosage ratio of the carbon fiber, Tris-HCl buffer solution, and dopamine is (5.1 - 5.3) g : (55 - 65) mL : (0.5 - 0.7) g.

[0022] Furthermore, in step A2, the mass ratio of aluminum chloride hexahydrate, ethanol, deionized water, and propylene oxide is (17 - 18) : (36 - 40) : (15 - 25) : (8 - 9); The dosage ratio of the poly-dopamine-modified carbon fiber, alumina sol, and ethanol is (8 - 9) g : (3.5 - 3.9) g : (45 - 55) mL.

[0023] Furthermore, in step A3, the dosage ratio of graphene oxide, deionized water, and maleic anhydride is (2 - 3) g : (90 - 110) mL : (1 - 2) g.

[0024] Further, in step A4, the dosage ratio of the silicone, polyoxyethylene octylphenol ether, sodium dodecylbenzenesulfonate, deionized water, potassium persulfate, methyl methacrylate, glycidyl methacrylate and maleic anhydride grafted graphene oxide is (4 - 6) g : (0.2 - 0.4) g : (0.1 - 0.3) g : (90 - 110) mL : (0.5 - 0.7) g : (2 - 4) g : (1 - 3) g : (8 - 10) g.

[0025] Further, in step A5, the dosage ratio of the nanocrystalline cellulose whiskers, ethanol, deionized water, γ-aminopropyltriethoxysilane, furan-2,4-dicarboxylic acid and hydrochloric acid solution is (2 - 4) g : (30 - 40) mL : (10 - 15) mL : (0.5 - 0.7) g : (2.3 - 2.5) g : (0.5 - 0.7) mL.

[0026] Further, in step A6, the dosage ratio of the polylactic acid and dichloroethane is (5.2 - 5.4) g : (20 - 30) mL; The mass ratio of the modified nanocrystalline cellulose whiskers, deionized water, the composite, the modified carbon fiber and the modified graphene oxide is (5.3 - 5.5) g : (50 - 60) mL : (10 - 14) g : (2 - 2.5) g : (3 - 4) g.

[0027] The present invention has the following beneficial effects: (1) In the technical solution of the present invention, maleic anhydride is grafted on the surface of graphene oxide, endowing graphene oxide with reactive double bonds, which is beneficial to the formation of toughening nanoparticles on the surface of graphene oxide. Moreover, maleic anhydride grafted on the surface of graphene oxide can prevent the stacking and aggregation of graphene oxide, which affects the high-temperature resistance and mechanical properties of the cable. Synthesizing silicone core-shell nanoparticles on the surface of maleic anhydride grafted graphene oxide, on the one hand, graphene oxide serves as a carrier for the silicone core-shell nanoparticles, which is beneficial to the uniform dispersion of the silicone core-shell nanoparticles in the cable material. On the other hand, forming silicone core-shell nanoparticles on the surface of graphene oxide increases the surface roughness of graphene oxide and the binding force of the modified graphene oxide in the polyvinyl chloride cable material. And the silicone core-shell nanoparticles have good impact resistance. Acting in the polyvinyl chloride cable material, it can improve the impact resistance and prevent the cable from being easily decomposed and cracked at high temperatures.

[0028] (2) In the technical solution of the present invention, polydopamine-modified carbon fibers endow the carbon fibers with good reactivity, which is beneficial to the formation of alumina aerogel on the surface of the carbon fibers; a porous alumina aerogel is formed on the surface of the polydopamine-modified carbon fibers to form modified carbon fibers. On the one hand, the porous structure of the alumina aerogel has excellent heat resistance stability, thereby improving the high-temperature resistance performance of the cable. On the other hand, a rough structure is formed on the surface of the carbon fibers, increasing the contact area between the modified carbon fibers and the polyvinyl chloride cable material. Moreover, the carbon fibers have a high aspect ratio and are randomly distributed in the cable material, capable of forming a network structure that absorbs the stress generated by external forces, thus improving the mechanical strength of the cable.

[0029] (3) In the technical solution of the present invention, amino silane can form a transition layer on the surface of nano-cellulose whiskers. The formed transition layer can transfer stress and improve the mechanical properties of the polyvinyl chloride cable material, preventing the cable from cracking at high temperatures. Furan-2,4-dicarboxylic acid is grafted onto the surface of amino-functionalized nano-cellulose whiskers, introducing amide groups and carboxyl groups onto the surface of the nano-cellulose whiskers, enhancing the binding force of the nano-cellulose whiskers in the polyvinyl chloride cable material, and thus enhancing the mechanical strength of the vinyl chloride cable. The amide bonds carried in the modified nano-cellulose whiskers can form a hydrogen-bonded crosslinked network structure with polylactic acid. On the one hand, it can embed the modified carbon fibers and modified graphene oxide into the crosslinked network structure, increasing the crosslinking density and enhancing the mechanical strength of the cable. On the other hand, these hydrogen bonds play a crosslinking role in the polyvinyl chloride cable material, significantly improving the mechanical properties of the cable material. Moreover, the modified nano-cellulose whiskers and the modified carbon fibers are randomly distributed, further improving the toughness of the polyvinyl chloride cable material. Specific embodiments

[0030] Next, the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention will be clearly and completely described in conjunction with the embodiments of the present invention. Obviously, the described embodiments are only a part of the embodiments of the present invention, rather than all of the embodiments. Based on the embodiments of the present invention, all other embodiments obtained by those of ordinary skill in the art without making creative efforts belong to the scope of protection of the present invention.

[0031] The raw materials used in the embodiments of the present invention are as follows, and all the reagents used are of analytical grade.

[0032] Among them, the density of the polyvinyl chloride resin is 1.35 g / cm 3 , and the average molecular weight is 1.8×10 5 .

[0033] The antioxidant is antioxidant CA.

[0034] The stabilizer is calcium-zinc stabilizer CZ-116.

[0035] The plasticizer is diisodecyl phthalate.

[0036] The lubricant is magnesium stearate.

[0037] The metal wire core is an aluminum alloy wire core, with a wire specification of 300 / 25 mm, by Dazheng Electric Wire Co., Ltd.

[0038] The carbon fiber has a diameter of 0.8 μm and a length of 2.5 μm.

[0039] The graphene oxide model is SE2430, by Changzhou Sixth Element Materials Technology Co., Ltd.

[0040] The organosilicon is vinyltriethoxysilane.

[0041] The nanocellulose whiskers have a diameter of 40 nm, by Zhongke Leiming (Beijing) Technology Co., Ltd.

[0042] The polylactic acid has a weight-average molecular weight of 100,000 g / mol, by Shenzhen Guanghua Weiye Co., Ltd.

[0043] Example 1 A preparation method for a special cable for high-temperature resistant and crack-proof kilns, comprising the following preparation steps: S1. Mix polyvinyl chloride resin, composite reinforcing filler, antioxidant CA, calcium-zinc stabilizer CZ-116, diisodecyl phthalate and magnesium stearate, and through mixing and extrusion, obtain cable material; S2. After melting the cable material, coat it on the surface of the aluminum alloy wire core to obtain a special cable for kilns; Among them, the mass ratio of polyvinyl chloride resin, composite reinforcing filler, antioxidant, stabilizer, plasticizer and lubricant is 150:10:2:2:1:2; The mixing is carried out using a mixer, the mixing temperature is 140 °C, and the mixing time is 20 min; The extrusion is carried out using a twin-screw extruder. In the twin-screw extruder, the screw rotation speed is 200 rpm, the head temperature is 100 °C, and the temperature of the screw feeding section is 115 °C; The melting temperature is 150 °C.

[0044] The composite reinforcing filler is specifically prepared by the following steps: A1. Add 5.1 g of carbon fiber to 55 mL of Tris-HCl buffer solution with a pH of 8.5, stir evenly, add 0.5 g of dopamine, stir and react for 4 h, filter, wash with deionized water 3 times, and dry in an oven at 70 °C for 10 min to obtain polydopamine-modified carbon fiber; A2. Mix 17 g of aluminum chloride hexahydrate, 36 g of ethanol, 15 g of deionized water, and 8 g of propylene oxide, stir evenly to obtain an alumina sol. Mix 8 g of poly-dopamine modified carbon fiber and 3.5 g of alumina sol, place them in 45 mL of ethanol, age for 30 min, then place them in a reaction kettle. Under the conditions of a pressure of 6 MPa and a temperature of 200 °C, carry out supercritical drying for 1 h, and then cool to room temperature to obtain modified carbon fiber; A3. Add 2 g of graphene oxide to 90 mL of deionized water, stir evenly, add 1 g of maleic anhydride, stir and react at 55 °C for 1 h, cool to room temperature, filter, wash with deionized water 3 times, and dry in an oven at 60 °C for 10 min to obtain maleic anhydride grafted graphene oxide; A4. Add 4 g of vinyltriethoxysilane, 0.2 g of polyoxyethylene octylphenol ether, and 0.1 g of sodium dodecylbenzenesulfonate to 90 mL of deionized water, stir at a rate of 12000 r / min for 8 min, add 0.5 g of potassium persulfate, 2 g of methyl methacrylate, 1 g of glycidyl methacrylate, and 8 g of maleic anhydride grafted graphene oxide, stir and react at 75 °C for 1 h, filter, wash with deionized water 3 times, and dry in an oven at 80 °C for 10 min to obtain modified graphene oxide; A5. Add 2 g of nanocrystalline cellulose whiskers to 30 mL of ethanol and 10 mL of deionized water, stir evenly, add 0.5 g of γ-aminopropyltriethoxysilane, stir and react at 70 °C for 1 h, cool to room temperature, add 2.3 g of furan-2,4-dicarboxylic acid and 0.5 mL of hydrochloric acid solution with a concentration of 1.5 M, stir and react for 30 min, filter, wash with deionized water 3 times, and dry in an oven at 70 °C for 10 min to obtain modified nanocrystalline cellulose whiskers; A6. Add 5.2 g of polylactic acid to 20 mL of dichloroethane, stir evenly to obtain a composite. Add 5.3 g of modified nanocrystalline cellulose whiskers to 50 mL of deionized water, stir evenly, add 10 g of the composite, 2 g of modified carbon fiber, and 3 g of modified graphene oxide, ultrasonically treat at 40 KHz for 10 min, filter, and dry in an oven at 70 °C for 10 min to obtain a composite reinforcing filler.

[0045] Example 2 A preparation method of a high-temperature resistant and crack-proof special cable for kilns, comprising the following preparation steps: S1. Mix polyvinyl chloride resin, composite reinforcing filler, antioxidant CA, calcium-zinc stabilizer CZ-116, diisodecyl phthalate, and magnesium stearate, and obtain cable material through mixing and extrusion; S2. After melting the cable material, coat it on the surface of an aluminum alloy wire core to obtain a special cable for kilns; Among them, the mass ratio of polyvinyl chloride resin, composite reinforcing filler, antioxidant, stabilizer, plasticizer and lubricant is 175:13:2.5:3:2:3; Mixing is carried out using a mixer, the mixing temperature is 145 °C, and the mixing time is 25 min; Extrusion is carried out using a twin-screw extruder. In the twin-screw extruder, the screw speed is 250 rpm, the head temperature is 105 °C, and the temperature of the screw feeding section is 120 °C; The melting temperature is 180 °C.

[0046] The composite reinforcing filler is specifically prepared by the following steps: A1. Add 5.2 g of carbon fiber to 60 mL of Tris-HCl buffer solution with a pH of 8.5, stir evenly, add 0.6 g of dopamine, stir and react for 4 h, filter, wash with deionized water 3 times, and dry in an oven at 70 °C for 10 min to obtain poly-dopamine-modified carbon fiber; A2. Mix 17.5 g of aluminum chloride hexahydrate, 38 g of ethanol, 20 g of deionized water and 8.5 g of propylene oxide, stir evenly to obtain alumina sol. Mix 8.5 g of poly-dopamine-modified carbon fiber and 3.7 g of alumina sol, place it in 50 mL of ethanol, age for 30 min, then place it in a reaction kettle, and carry out supercritical drying for 2 h under the conditions of a pressure of 7 MPa and a temperature of 230 °C, and then cool to room temperature to obtain modified carbon fiber; A3. Add 2.5 g of graphene oxide to 100 mL of deionized water, stir evenly, add 1.5 g of maleic anhydride, stir and react at 60 °C for 1.5 h, cool to room temperature, filter, wash with deionized water 3 times, and dry in an oven at 60 °C for 10 min to obtain maleic anhydride-grafted graphene oxide; A4. Add 5 g of vinyltriethoxysilane, 0.3 g of polyoxyethylene octylphenol ether and 0.2 g of sodium dodecylbenzenesulfonate to 100 mL of deionized water, stir at a rate of 13000 r / min for 9 min, add 0.6 g of potassium persulfate, 3 g of methyl methacrylate, 2 g of glycidyl methacrylate and 9 g of maleic anhydride-grafted graphene oxide, stir and react at 80 °C for 1.5 h, filter, wash with deionized water 3 times, and dry in an oven at 80 °C for 10 min to obtain modified graphene oxide; A5. Add 3 g of nanocrystalline cellulose whiskers to 35 mL of ethanol and 12 mL of deionized water, stir evenly, add 0.6 g of γ-aminopropyltriethoxysilane, stir and react at 75 °C for 1.5 h, cool to room temperature, add 2.4 g of furan-2,4-dicarboxylic acid and 0.6 mL of hydrochloric acid solution with a concentration of 1.5 M, stir and react for 30 min, filter, wash with deionized water 3 times, and dry in an oven at 70 °C for 10 min to obtain modified nanocrystalline cellulose whiskers; A6. Add 5.3 g of polylactic acid to 25 mL of dichloroethane, stir evenly to obtain a composite. Add 5.4 g of modified nanocrystalline cellulose whiskers to 55 mL of deionized water, stir evenly, add 12 g of the composite, 2.3 g of modified carbon fiber and 3.5 g of modified graphene oxide, ultrasonically treat for 10 min at 40 KHz, filter, and dry in an oven at 70 °C for 10 min to obtain a composite reinforcing filler.

[0047] Example 3 A preparation method of a special cable for high-temperature resistant and crack-proof kilns, comprising the following preparation steps: S1. Mix polyvinyl chloride resin, composite reinforcing filler, antioxidant CA, calcium-zinc stabilizer CZ-116, diisodecyl phthalate and magnesium stearate, and after mixing and kneading and extruding, obtain cable material; S2. After melting the cable material, coat it on the surface of an aluminum alloy wire core to obtain a special cable for kilns; Among them, the mass ratio of polyvinyl chloride resin, composite reinforcing filler, antioxidant, stabilizer, plasticizer and lubricant is 200:15:3:4:3:4; The mixing is carried out by a mixer, the mixing temperature is 150 °C, and the mixing time is 30 min; The extrusion is carried out by a twin-screw extruder. The screw speed in the twin-screw extruder is 300 rpm, the head temperature is 110 °C, and the temperature of the screw feeding section is 125 °C; The melting temperature is 200 °C.

[0048] The composite reinforcing filler is specifically prepared by the following steps: A1. Add 5.3 g of carbon fiber to 65 mL of Tris-HCl buffer solution with a pH of 8.5, stir evenly, add 0.7 g of dopamine, stir and react for 4 h, filter, wash with deionized water 3 times, and dry in an oven at 70 °C for 10 min to obtain polydopamine-modified carbon fiber; A2. Mix 18 g of aluminum chloride hexahydrate, 40 g of ethanol, 25 g of deionized water, and 9 g of propylene oxide, stir evenly to obtain alumina sol. Mix 9 g of polydopamine-modified carbon fiber and 3.9 g of alumina sol, place it in 55 mL of ethanol, age for 30 min, then place it in a reaction kettle, and carry out supercritical drying for 3 h under the conditions of a pressure of 8 MPa and a temperature of 250 °C, and then cool to room temperature to obtain modified carbon fiber; A3. Add 3 g of graphene oxide to 110 mL of deionized water, stir evenly, add 2 g of maleic anhydride, stir and react at 65 °C for 2 h, cool to room temperature, filter, wash with deionized water 3 times, and dry in an oven at 60 °C for 10 min to obtain maleic anhydride-grafted graphene oxide; A4. 6 g of vinyltriethoxysilane, 0.4 g of polyoxyethylene octylphenol ether, and 0.3 g of sodium dodecylbenzenesulfonate were added to 110 mL of deionized water, stirred at a rate of 15000 r / min for 10 min, 0.7 g of potassium persulfate, 4 g of methyl methacrylate, 3 g of glycidyl methacrylate, and 10 g of maleic anhydride grafted graphene oxide were added, and the mixture was stirred and reacted at 85 °C for 2 h. After filtration, it was washed 3 times with deionized water and dried in an oven at 80 °C for 10 min to obtain modified graphene oxide; A5. 4 g of nanocellulose whiskers were added to 40 mL of ethanol and 15 mL of deionized water, stirred evenly, 0.7 g of γ-aminopropyltriethoxysilane was added, and the mixture was stirred and reacted at 80 °C for 1.5 h. After cooling to room temperature, 2.5 g of furan-2,4-dicarboxylic acid and 0.7 mL of a hydrochloric acid solution with a concentration of 1.5 M were added, and the mixture was stirred and reacted for 30 min. After filtration, it was washed 3 times with deionized water and dried in an oven at 70 °C for 10 min to obtain modified nanocellulose whiskers; A6. 5.4 g of polylactic acid was added to 30 mL of dichloroethane and stirred evenly to obtain a composite. 5.5 g of modified nanocellulose whiskers were added to 60 mL of deionized water and stirred evenly. 14 g of the composite, 2.5 g of modified carbon fiber, and 4 g of modified graphene oxide were added, and the mixture was ultrasonically treated at 40 KHz for 10 min, filtered, and dried in an oven at 70 °C for 10 min to obtain a composite reinforcing filler.

[0049] Comparative Example 1 A preparation method of a special cable for high-temperature resistant and crack-proof kilns, comprising the following preparation steps: S1. Polyvinyl chloride resin, composite reinforcing filler, antioxidant CA, calcium-zinc stabilizer CZ-116, diisodecyl phthalate, and magnesium stearate were mixed, kneaded, and extruded to obtain cable material; S2. After the cable material was melted, it was coated on the surface of an aluminum alloy wire core to obtain a special cable for kilns; Among them, the mass ratio of polyvinyl chloride resin, composite reinforcing filler, antioxidant, stabilizer, plasticizer, and lubricant is 200:15:3:4:3:4; The kneading was carried out using a kneader, the kneading temperature was 150 °C, and the kneading time was 30 min; The extrusion was carried out using a twin-screw extruder. The screw speed in the twin-screw extruder was 300 rpm, the head temperature was 110 °C, and the temperature of the screw feeding section was 125 °C; The melting temperature was 200 °C.

[0050] The composite reinforcing filler was specifically prepared by the following steps: A1. Add 5.3 g of carbon fiber into 65 mL of Tris-HCl buffer solution with a pH of 8.5, stir evenly, add 0.7 g of dopamine, stir and react for 4 h, filter, wash with deionized water three times, and dry in an oven at 70 °C for 10 min to obtain polydopamine-modified carbon fiber; A2. Add 3 g of graphene oxide into 110 mL of deionized water, stir evenly, add 2 g of maleic anhydride, stir and react at 65 °C for 2 h, cool to room temperature, filter, wash with deionized water three times, and dry in an oven at 60 °C for 10 min to obtain maleic anhydride-grafted graphene oxide; A3. Add 6 g of vinyltriethoxysilane, 0.4 g of polyoxyethylene octylphenol ether, and 0.3 g of sodium dodecylbenzenesulfonate into 110 mL of deionized water, stir at a rate of 15000 r / min for 10 min, add 0.7 g of potassium persulfate, 4 g of methyl methacrylate, 3 g of glycidyl methacrylate, and 10 g of maleic anhydride-grafted graphene oxide, stir and react at 85 °C for 2 h, filter, wash with deionized water three times, and dry in an oven at 80 °C for 10 min to obtain modified graphene oxide; A4. Add 4 g of nanocrystalline cellulose whiskers into 40 mL of ethanol and 15 mL of deionized water, stir evenly, add 0.7 g of γ-aminopropyltriethoxysilane, stir and react at 80 °C for 1.5 h, cool to room temperature, add 2.5 g of furan-2,4-dicarboxylic acid and 0.7 mL of hydrochloric acid solution with a concentration of 1.5 M, stir and react for 30 min, filter, wash with deionized water three times, and dry in an oven at 70 °C for 10 min to obtain modified nanocrystalline cellulose whiskers; A5. Add 5.4 g of polylactic acid into 30 mL of dichloroethane, stir evenly to obtain a composite. Add 5.5 g of modified nanocrystalline cellulose whiskers into 60 mL of deionized water, stir evenly, add 14 g of the composite, 2.5 g of polydopamine-modified carbon fiber, and 4 g of modified graphene oxide, ultrasonically treat at 40 KHz for 10 min, filter, and dry in an oven at 70 °C for 10 min to obtain a composite reinforcing filler.

[0051] Comparative Example 2 A preparation method of a special cable for high-temperature resistant and crack-proof kilns, comprising the following preparation steps: S1. Mix polyvinyl chloride resin, composite reinforcing filler, antioxidant CA, calcium-zinc stabilizer CZ-116, diisodecyl phthalate, and magnesium stearate, and obtain cable material through mixing and extrusion; S2. After melting the cable material, coat it on the surface of an aluminum alloy wire core to obtain a special cable for kilns; Among them, the mass ratio of polyvinyl chloride resin, composite reinforcing filler, antioxidant, stabilizer, plasticizer, and lubricant is 200:15:3:4:3:4; Mixing is carried out using a mixer, the mixing temperature is 150 °C, and the mixing time is 30 min; Extrusion is carried out using a twin-screw extruder. In the twin-screw extruder, the screw rotation speed is 300 rpm, the head temperature is 110 °C, and the temperature of the screw feeding section is 125 °C; The melting temperature is 200 °C.

[0052] The composite reinforcing filler is specifically prepared by the following steps: A1. Add 5.3 g of carbon fiber to 65 mL of Tris-HCl buffer solution with a pH of 8.5, stir evenly, add 0.7 g of dopamine, stir and react for 4 h, filter, wash with deionized water 3 times, and dry in an oven at 70 °C for 10 min to obtain polydopamine-modified carbon fiber; A2. Mix 18 g of aluminum chloride hexahydrate, 40 g of ethanol, 25 g of deionized water, and 9 g of propylene oxide, stir evenly to obtain an alumina sol. Mix 9 g of polydopamine-modified carbon fiber and 3.9 g of alumina sol, place them in 55 mL of ethanol, age for 30 min, then place them in a reaction kettle, and carry out supercritical drying for 3 h under the conditions of a pressure of 8 MPa and a temperature of 250 °C, and then cool to room temperature to obtain modified carbon fiber; A3. Add 6 g of vinyltriethoxysilane, 0.4 g of polyoxyethylene octylphenol ether, and 0.3 g of sodium dodecylbenzenesulfonate to 110 mL of deionized water, stir at a rate of 15000 r / min for 10 min, add 0.7 g of potassium persulfate, 4 g of methyl methacrylate, 3 g of glycidyl methacrylate, and 10 g of graphene oxide, stir and react at 85 °C for 2 h, filter, wash with deionized water 3 times, and dry in an oven at 80 °C for 10 min to obtain modified graphene oxide; A4. Add 4 g of nanocrystalline cellulose whiskers to 40 mL of ethanol and 15 mL of deionized water, stir evenly, add 0.7 g of γ-aminopropyltriethoxysilane, stir and react at 80 °C for 1.5 h, cool to room temperature, add 2.5 g of furan-2,4-dicarboxylic acid and 0.7 mL of hydrochloric acid solution with a concentration of 1.5 M, stir and react for 30 min, filter, wash with deionized water 3 times, and dry in an oven at 70 °C for 10 min to obtain modified nanocrystalline cellulose whiskers; A5. Add 5.4 g of polylactic acid to 30 mL of dichloroethane, stir evenly to obtain a composite. Add 5.5 g of modified nanocrystalline cellulose whiskers to 60 mL of deionized water, stir evenly, add 14 g of the composite, 2.5 g of modified carbon fiber, and 4 g of modified graphene oxide, ultrasonically treat at 40 KHz for 10 min, filter, and dry in an oven at 70 °C for 10 min to obtain the composite reinforcing filler.

[0053] Comparative Example 3 A preparation method of a special cable for high-temperature resistant and crack-proof kilns, comprising the following preparation steps: S1. Mix polyvinyl chloride resin, composite reinforcing filler, antioxidant CA, calcium-zinc stabilizer CZ-116, diisodecyl phthalate, and magnesium stearate, and obtain cable material through mixing, kneading, and extrusion; S2. After melting the cable material, coat it on the surface of an aluminum alloy wire core to obtain a special cable for kilns; Among them, the mass ratio of polyvinyl chloride resin, composite reinforcing filler, antioxidant, stabilizer, plasticizer, and lubricant is 200:15:3:4:3:4; The mixing is carried out using a mixer, the mixing temperature is 150 °C, and the mixing time is 30 min; The extrusion is carried out using a twin-screw extruder. In the twin-screw extruder, the screw speed is 300 rpm, the head temperature is 110 °C, and the temperature of the screw feeding section is 125 °C; The melting temperature is 200 °C.

[0054] The composite reinforcing filler is specifically prepared by the following steps: A1. Add 5.3 g of carbon fiber into 65 mL of Tris-HCl buffer solution with a pH of 8.5, stir evenly, add 0.7 g of dopamine, stir and react for 4 h, filter, wash with deionized water 3 times, and dry in an oven at 70 °C for 10 min to obtain poly-dopamine-modified carbon fiber; A2. Mix 18 g of aluminum chloride hexahydrate, 40 g of ethanol, 25 g of deionized water, and 9 g of propylene oxide, stir evenly to obtain alumina sol. Mix 9 g of poly-dopamine-modified carbon fiber and 3.9 g of alumina sol, place them in 55 mL of ethanol, age for 30 min, then place them in a reaction kettle, and carry out supercritical drying for 3 h under the conditions of a pressure of 8 MPa and a temperature of 250 °C, and then cool to room temperature to obtain modified carbon fiber; A3. Add 3 g of graphene oxide into 110 mL of deionized water, stir evenly, add 2 g of maleic anhydride, stir and react at 65 °C for 2 h, cool to room temperature, filter, wash with deionized water 3 times, and dry in an oven at 60 °C for 10 min to obtain maleic anhydride-grafted graphene oxide; A4. Add 4 g of nanocrystalline cellulose whiskers into 40 mL of ethanol and 15 mL of deionized water, stir evenly, add 0.7 g of γ-aminopropyltriethoxysilane, stir and react at 80 °C for 1.5 h, cool to room temperature, add 2.5 g of furan-2,4-dicarboxylic acid and 0.7 mL of hydrochloric acid solution with a concentration of 1.5 M, stir and react for 30 min, filter, wash with deionized water 3 times, and dry in an oven at 70 °C for 10 min to obtain modified nanocrystalline cellulose whiskers; A5. Add 5.4 g of polylactic acid to 30 mL of dichloroethane, stir evenly to obtain a complex. Add 5.5 g of modified nanocellulose whiskers to 60 mL of deionized water, stir evenly, add 14 g of the complex, 2.5 g of modified carbon fibers, and 4 g of maleic anhydride grafted graphene oxide, ultrasonically treat for 10 min at 40 KHz, filter, and dry in an oven at 70 °C for 10 min to obtain a composite reinforcing filler.

[0055] Comparative Example 4 A preparation method of a special cable for high-temperature resistant and crack-proof kilns, comprising the following preparation steps: S1. Mix polyvinyl chloride resin, composite reinforcing filler, antioxidant CA, calcium-zinc stabilizer CZ-116, diisodecyl phthalate, and magnesium stearate, and obtain cable material through mixing and extrusion; S2. After melting the cable material, coat it on the surface of an aluminum alloy wire core to obtain a special cable for kilns; Among them, the mass ratio of polyvinyl chloride resin, composite reinforcing filler, antioxidant, stabilizer, plasticizer, and lubricant is 200:15:3:4:3:4; The mixing is carried out using a mixer, the mixing temperature is 150 °C, and the mixing time is 30 min; The extrusion is carried out using a twin-screw extruder. The screw speed in the twin-screw extruder is 300 rpm, the head temperature is 110 °C, and the temperature of the screw feeding section is 125 °C; The melting temperature is 200 °C.

[0056] The composite reinforcing filler is specifically prepared by the following steps: A1. Add 5.3 g of carbon fibers to 65 mL of Tris-HCl buffer solution with a pH of 8.5, stir evenly, add 0.7 g of dopamine, stir and react for 4 h, filter, wash with deionized water 3 times, and dry in an oven at 70 °C for 10 min to obtain polydopamine-modified carbon fibers; A2. Mix 18 g of aluminum chloride hexahydrate, 40 g of ethanol, 25 g of deionized water, and 9 g of propylene oxide, stir evenly to obtain an alumina sol. Mix 9 g of polydopamine-modified carbon fibers and 3.9 g of alumina sol, place them in 55 mL of ethanol, age for 30 min, then place them in a reaction kettle, and carry out supercritical drying for 3 h under the conditions of a pressure of 8 MPa and a temperature of 250 °C, and then cool to room temperature to obtain modified carbon fibers; A3. Add 3 g of graphene oxide to 110 mL of deionized water, stir evenly, add 2 g of maleic anhydride, stir and react at 65 °C for 2 h, cool to room temperature, filter, wash with deionized water 3 times, and dry in an oven at 60 °C for 10 min to obtain maleic anhydride grafted graphene oxide; A4. Add 6 g of vinyltriethoxysilane, 0.4 g of polyoxyethylene octylphenol ether, and 0.3 g of sodium dodecylbenzenesulfonate to 110 mL of deionized water, stir at a rate of 15000 r / min for 10 min, add 0.7 g of potassium persulfate, 4 g of methyl methacrylate, 3 g of glycidyl methacrylate, and 10 g of maleic anhydride grafted graphene oxide, stir and react at 85 °C for 2 h, filter, wash with deionized water 3 times, and dry in an oven at 80 °C for 10 min to obtain modified graphene oxide; A5. Add 5.4 g of polylactic acid to 30 mL of dichloroethane, stir evenly to obtain a complex. Add 5.5 g of nanocrystalline cellulose whiskers to 60 mL of deionized water, stir evenly, add 14 g of the complex, 2.5 g of modified carbon fiber, and 4 g of modified graphene oxide, ultrasonically treat at 40 KHz for 10 min, filter, and dry in an oven at 70 °C for 10 min to obtain a composite reinforcing filler.

[0057] Comparative Example 5 A preparation method of a high-temperature resistant and crack-proof special cable for kilns, comprising the following preparation steps: S1. Mix polyvinyl chloride resin, composite reinforcing filler, antioxidant CA, calcium-zinc stabilizer CZ-116, diisodecyl phthalate, and magnesium stearate, and obtain cable material through mixing and extrusion; S2. After melting the cable material, coat it on the surface of an aluminum alloy wire core to obtain a special cable for kilns; Among them, the mass ratio of polyvinyl chloride resin, composite reinforcing filler, antioxidant, stabilizer, plasticizer, and lubricant is 200:15:3:4:3:4; The mixing is carried out using a mixer, the mixing temperature is 150 °C, and the mixing time is 30 min; The extrusion is carried out using a twin-screw extruder. The screw speed in the twin-screw extruder is 300 rpm, the head temperature is 110 °C, and the temperature of the screw feeding section is 125 °C; The melting temperature is 200 °C.

[0058] The composite reinforcing filler is specifically prepared by the following steps: A1. Add 5.3 g of carbon fiber to 65 mL of Tris-HCl buffer solution with a pH of 8.5, stir evenly, add 0.7 g of dopamine, stir and react for 4 h, filter, wash with deionized water 3 times, and dry in an oven at 70 °C for 10 min to obtain polydopamine-modified carbon fiber; A2. Mix 18 g of aluminum chloride hexahydrate, 40 g of ethanol, 25 g of deionized water, and 9 g of propylene oxide, stir evenly to obtain an alumina sol. Mix 9 g of poly-dopamine modified carbon fiber and 3.9 g of the alumina sol, place it in 55 mL of ethanol, age for 30 min, then place it in a reaction kettle. Under the conditions of a pressure of 8 MPa and a temperature of 250 °C, carry out supercritical drying for 3 h, and then cool to room temperature to obtain modified carbon fiber; A3. Add 3 g of graphene oxide to 110 mL of deionized water, stir evenly, add 2 g of maleic anhydride, stir and react at 65 °C for 2 h, cool to room temperature, filter, wash with deionized water 3 times, and dry in an oven at 60 °C for 10 min to obtain maleic anhydride grafted graphene oxide; A4. Add 6 g of vinyltriethoxysilane, 0.4 g of polyoxyethylene octylphenol ether, and 0.3 g of sodium dodecylbenzenesulfonate to 110 mL of deionized water, stir at a rate of 15000 r / min for 10 min, add 0.7 g of potassium persulfate, 4 g of methyl methacrylate, 3 g of glycidyl methacrylate, and 10 g of maleic anhydride grafted graphene oxide, stir and react at 85 °C for 2 h, filter, wash with deionized water 3 times, and dry in an oven at 80 °C for 10 min to obtain modified graphene oxide; A5. Add 4 g of nanocrystalline cellulose whiskers to 40 mL of ethanol and 15 mL of deionized water, stir evenly, add 0.7 g of γ-aminopropyltriethoxysilane, stir and react at 80 °C for 1.5 h, cool to room temperature, add 2.5 g of furan-2,4-dicarboxylic acid and 0.7 mL of a hydrochloric acid solution with a concentration of 1.5 M, stir and react for 30 min, filter, wash with deionized water 3 times, and dry in an oven at 70 °C for 10 min to obtain modified nanocrystalline cellulose whiskers; A6. Add 5.5 g of modified nanocrystalline cellulose whiskers to 60 mL of deionized water, stir evenly, add 2.5 g of modified carbon fiber and 4 g of modified graphene oxide, ultrasonically treat at 40 KHz for 10 min, filter, and dry in an oven at 70 °C for 10 min to obtain a composite reinforcing filler.

[0059] Now, perform performance tests on the special cables for kilns prepared in Examples 1-3 and Comparative Examples 1-5.

[0060] Tensile strength test and elongation at break test: Conduct the tests with reference to the standard of GB / T2951.11-2008 "General Test Methods for Insulating and Sheathing Materials of Cables and Optical Fibre Cables - Part 11".

[0061] Thermal shock test: The test was carried out with reference to the standard of GB / T2951.31-2008 "General test methods for insulating and sheathing materials of cables and optical cables - Part 31: Special test methods for polyvinyl chloride compounds - High temperature pressure test - Anti-cracking test", and observe whether the cable shows cracking phenomenon.

[0062] Tear strength test: The test was carried out with reference to the standard of GB / T529-2008 "Determination of tear strength".

[0063] The test results are shown in Table 1 below.

[0064] Table 1 Performance detection of the special cable for kiln prepared in Examples 1-3 and Comparative Examples 1-5

[0065] It can be seen from the data in Table 1 that the special cables for kiln prepared in Examples 1-3 have high mechanical properties and heat resistance.

[0066] In Comparative Example 1, the composite reinforcing filler prepared by replacing the modified carbon fiber with poly-dopamine-modified carbon fiber was added to the special cable for kiln, and its heat resistance and mechanical properties decreased, which proved that the porous alumina aerogel formed on the surface of the poly-dopamine-modified carbon fiber has excellent heat stability, thus improving the high-temperature resistance of the cable. Moreover, a rough structure is formed on the surface of the carbon fiber, which is randomly distributed in the cable material and can form a network structure to absorb the stress generated by external forces, improving the mechanical strength of the cable.

[0067] In Comparative Example 2, the composite reinforcing filler prepared by replacing the maleic anhydride-grafted graphene oxide with graphene oxide was added to the special cable for kiln, and its heat resistance and mechanical properties decreased, which proved that maleic anhydride grafted on the surface of graphene oxide endows graphene oxide with reactive double bonds, which is beneficial to the formation of toughening nanoparticles on the surface of graphene oxide. Moreover, maleic anhydride grafted on the surface of graphene oxide can avoid the stacking and aggregation of graphene oxide, which affects the high-temperature resistance and mechanical properties of the cable.

[0068] In Comparative Example 3, the composite reinforcing filler prepared by replacing the modified graphene oxide with maleic anhydride-grafted graphene oxide was added to the special cable for kiln, and its heat resistance and mechanical properties decreased, which proved that organic silicon core-shell nanoparticles were synthesized on the surface of maleic anhydride-grafted graphene oxide, increasing the surface roughness of graphene oxide and the binding force of the modified graphene oxide in the polyvinyl chloride cable material. Moreover, the synthesized organic silicon core-shell nanoparticles have good impact resistance, which can improve the impact resistance when acting in the polyvinyl chloride cable material and avoid the cable from being easily cracked at high temperature.

[0069] Comparative Example 4 The composite reinforcing filler prepared by replacing the modified nanocellulose whiskers with nanocellulose whiskers was added to the special cable for kilns, and its mechanical properties decreased. This proved that furan-2,4-dicarboxylic acid was grafted onto the surface of nanocellulose whiskers through γ-aminopropyltriethoxysilane, introducing amide groups, which could form a crosslinked network structure with hydrogen bonds with polylactic acid and played a crosslinking role in the polyvinyl chloride cable compound, significantly improving the mechanical properties of the cable compound.

[0070] Comparative Example 5 The composite reinforcing filler prepared without adding polylactic acid was added to the special cable for kilns, and its mechanical properties decreased. This proved that the modified nanocellulose whiskers formed a crosslinked network structure with hydrogen bonds with polylactic acid, which could embed the modified carbon fibers and modified graphene oxide into the crosslinked network structure, increasing the crosslinking density and enhancing the mechanical strength of the cable.

[0071] In the description of the specification, the description referring to terms such as "one embodiment", "example", "specific example", etc. means that the specific features, structures, materials or characteristics described in connection with the embodiment or example are included in at least one embodiment or example of the present invention. In this specification, the schematic expressions of the above terms do not necessarily refer to the same embodiment or example. Moreover, the specific features, structures, materials or characteristics described can be combined in a suitable manner in any one or more embodiments or examples.

[0072] The above content is only an example and illustration of the present invention. Those skilled in the art of this technology can make various modifications or supplements to the described specific embodiments or use similar methods to replace them. As long as they do not deviate from the invention or exceed the scope defined by the claims of this patent, they should fall within the protection scope of the present invention.

Claims

1. A preparation method of a special cable for high-temperature resistant and crack-proof kilns, characterized in that, It includes the following preparation steps: S1. Mix polyvinyl chloride resin, composite reinforcing filler, antioxidant, stabilizer, plasticizer and lubricant, and obtain cable material through mixing and extrusion; S2. After melting the cable material, coat it on the surface of the metal wire core to obtain a special cable for kiln furnaces; The composite reinforcing filler is obtained by mixing carbon fibers modified with polydopamine and alumina sol, aging and drying, and then mixing and reacting with furan-2,4-dicarboxylic acid, amino-functionalized nanocellulose whiskers, polylactic acid and modified graphene oxide; The modified graphene oxide is obtained by modifying graphene oxide with maleic anhydride and then carrying out emulsion polymerization with silicone, methyl methacrylate and glycidyl methacrylate.

2. The preparation method of a special cable for high-temperature resistant and crack-proof kilns according to claim 1, characterized in that, The composite reinforcing filler is specifically prepared by the following steps: A1. Add carbon fibers to Tris-HCl buffer solution, stir evenly, add dopamine, stir until the reaction is complete, filter, wash and dry to obtain carbon fibers modified with polydopamine; A2. Mix aluminum chloride hexahydrate, ethanol, deionized water and propylene oxide, stir evenly to obtain alumina sol, mix the carbon fibers modified with polydopamine and alumina sol, place them in ethanol, after aging, carry out supercritical drying at a pressure of 6-8 MPa and a temperature of 200-250 °C for 1-3 h, and then cool to room temperature to obtain modified carbon fibers; A3. Add graphene oxide to deionized water, stir evenly, add maleic anhydride, stir and react at 55-65 °C for 1-2 h, cool to room temperature, filter, wash and dry to obtain maleic anhydride-grafted graphene oxide; A4. Add silicone, polyoxyethylene octylphenol ether and sodium dodecylbenzenesulfonate to deionized water, stir at a rate of 12000-15000 r / min for 8-10 min, add potassium persulfate, methyl methacrylate, glycidyl methacrylate and maleic anhydride-grafted graphene oxide, stir and react at 75-85 °C for 1-2 h, filter, wash and dry to obtain modified graphene oxide; A5. Add nanocellulose whiskers to ethanol and deionized water, stir evenly, add γ-aminopropyltriethoxysilane, stir and react at 70-80 °C for 1-2 h, cool to room temperature, add furan-2,4-dicarboxylic acid and hydrochloric acid solution, stir and react, filter, wash and dry to obtain modified nanocellulose whiskers; A6. Add polylactic acid to dichloroethane, stir evenly to obtain a complex, add the modified nanocellulose whiskers to deionized water, stir evenly, add the complex, modified carbon fibers and modified graphene oxide, carry out ultrasonic treatment, filter and dry to obtain the composite reinforcing filler.

3. The preparation method of a special cable for high-temperature resistant and crack-proof kilns according to claim 2, characterized in that, In step A1, the dosage ratio of the carbon fibers, Tris-HCl buffer solution and dopamine is (5.1-5.3) g:(55-65) mL:(0.5-0.7) g.

4. The preparation method of a special cable for high-temperature resistant and crack-proof kilns according to claim 2, characterized in that, In step A2, the mass ratio of aluminum chloride hexahydrate, ethanol, deionized water and propylene oxide is (17-18):(26-40):(15-25):(8-9); The dosage ratio of the polydopamine-modified carbon fiber, alumina sol and ethanol is (8 - 9) g : (3.5 - 3.9) g : (45 - 55) mL.

5. The preparation method of a special cable for high-temperature resistant and crack-proof kilns according to claim 2, wherein, In step A3, the dosage ratio of the graphene oxide, deionized water and maleic anhydride is (2 - 3) g : (90 - 110) mL : (1 - 2) g.

6. The preparation method of a special cable for high-temperature resistant and crack-proof kilns according to claim 2, characterized in that, In step A4, the dosage ratio of the organosilicon, polyoxyethylene octylphenol ether, sodium dodecylbenzenesulfonate, deionized water, potassium persulfate, methyl methacrylate, glycidyl methacrylate and maleic anhydride-grafted graphene oxide is (4 - 6) g : (0.2 - 0.4) g : (0.1 - 0.3) g : (90 - 110) mL : (0.5 - 0.7) g : (2 - 4) g : (1 - 3) g : (8 - 10) g.

7. The preparation method of a special cable for high-temperature resistant and crack-proof kilns according to claim 2, characterized in that, In step A5, the dosage ratio of the nanocrystalline cellulose whiskers, ethanol, deionized water, γ-aminopropyltriethoxysilane, furan-2,4-dicarboxylic acid and hydrochloric acid solution is (2 - 4) g : (30 - 40) mL : (10 - 15) mL : (0.5 - 0.7) g : (2.3 - 2.5) g : (0.5 - 0.7) mL.

8. The preparation method of a special cable for high-temperature resistant and crack-proof kilns according to claim 2, characterized in that, In step A6, the dosage ratio of the polylactic acid and dichloroethane is (5.2 - 5.4) g : (20 - 30) mL; The mass ratio of the modified nanocrystalline cellulose whiskers, deionized water, the composite, the modified carbon fiber and the modified graphene oxide is (5.3 - 5.5) g : (50 - 60) mL : (10 - 14) g : (2 - 2.5) g : (3 - 4) g.

9. A special kiln cable with high temperature resistance and crack prevention prepared by the preparation method of the special kiln cable according to any one of claims 1 - 8.

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