Impact-resistant plastic protective plate and preparation method thereof

Abstract

The invention discloses an impact-resistant plastic protective plate and a preparation method thereof, and relates to the technical field of plastic protective plates, the impact-resistant plastic protective plate is prepared from the following components by weight: 100 parts of PET, 5-15 parts of modified ceramic fiber, 4-12 parts of a flexibilizer, 0.5-2 parts of a chain extender, and 0.5-1 part of an antioxidant; the modified ceramic fiber is obtained by sequentially modifying an aluminum oxide-based ceramic fiber with 3-isocyanate propyl triethoxy silane, 2-carboxyethyl phenyl hypophosphorous acid and an amide polymer; according to the impact-resistant plastic protective plate, the comprehensive performance and the application value of the impact-resistant plastic protective plate are remarkably improved by optimizing the material design and the preparation process; the impact-resistant plastic has excellent impact resistance and toughness, can effectively disperse stress when being impacted by external force, reduces cracks, and prolongs the service life; meanwhile, due to the flame retardant property, fire spreading can be effectively inhibited when a fire disaster occurs, and life and property safety is guaranteed.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present invention relates to the technical field of plastic guard plates, and particularly relates to an impact-resistant plastic guard plate and a preparation method thereof. Background Art

[0002] With the continuous progress of technology and the development of industry, the performance requirements for materials are getting higher and higher. Especially in the fields of automobiles, buildings, and electronic devices, impact resistance and flame retardancy have become key technical indicators. Traditional plastic materials often exhibit low toughness and poor durability when facing high impact loads, and are prone to cracks and fractures, which limits their widespread use in high-performance applications. Therefore, the development of new impact-resistant plastic guard plates has become an urgent need in the industry.

[0003] Plastic guard plates are usually manufactured from different types of polymer matrices, including polyethylene (PE), polypropylene (PP), polyvinyl chloride (PVC), and polyester (PET), etc. Among them, polyethylene is widely used due to its good flexibility and chemical corrosion resistance, but its performance is poor in high-temperature and high-impact environments; polypropylene is favored for its high strength and good toughness, but it has deficiencies in heat resistance and flame retardancy; the advantages of polyvinyl chloride lie in its excellent durability and formability, but its brittleness and environmental stability limit its application.

[0004] CN119283467A discloses a high-impact-resistant thermoplastic composite bottom guard plate, which includes a lower skin layer, a first high-impact-resistant layer, a sound insulation and heat insulation layer, and an upper skin layer sequentially bonded by an adhesive film from bottom to top. Both the upper skin layer and the lower skin layer are made of multi-layer continuous fiber-reinforced thermoplastic composites, and the first high-impact-resistant layer is made of ultra-high molecular weight polyethylene material.

[0005] The current plastic guard plates generally have the following problems: significantly insufficient impact resistance, prone to cracks and fractures under external forces; single flame retardant effect, difficult to meet strict fire safety requirements; weak material interface bonding force, poor filler dispersion; poor heat resistance and long-term use stability.

[0006] Therefore, there is an urgent need to develop a new type of composite plastic guard plate with excellent performance, which can reduce the fire risk, improve safety, and extend the service life. Summary of the Invention

[0007] To address the deficiencies of the existing technology, the objective of the present invention is to provide an impact-resistant plastic guard plate and its preparation method. Through optimizing the material design and preparation process, the impact-resistant plastic guard plate of the present invention significantly enhances its comprehensive performance and application value; it has excellent impact resistance and toughness, can effectively disperse stress when subjected to external force impact, reduce crack generation, and extend the service life; at the same time, its flame retardant performance can effectively inhibit the spread of fire during a fire, safeguarding life and property safety.

[0008] To achieve the above objective, the present invention adopts the following technical solutions: An impact-resistant plastic guard plate, in parts by weight, is made of the following components: 100 parts of PET polyester, 5 - 15 parts of modified ceramic fiber, 4 - 12 parts of toughening agent, 0.5 - 2 parts of chain extender, 0.5 - 1 part of antioxidant; the modified ceramic fiber is obtained by modifying alumina-based ceramic fiber with 3-isocyanatopropyltriethoxysilane, 2-carboxyethylphenylphosphinic acid, and amide polymer in sequence.

[0009] Preferably, the preparation method of the modified ceramic fiber includes the following steps: (1) Disperse the alumina-based ceramic fiber into anhydrous toluene, then add 3-isocyanatopropyltriethoxysilane, heat and stir under a nitrogen atmosphere, filter, wash, and dry the product to obtain pretreated fiber; Preparation of pretreated fiber: The siloxane group (-Si-OCH2CH3) of the silane coupling agent undergoes hydrolysis and condensation with the surface hydroxyl group (-OH) of silica to form a stable Si-O-Si bond, introducing active isocyanate groups on the fiber surface. This process provides chemical anchor points for subsequent reactions and enhances the reaction activity of the fiber.

[0010] Preferably, in step (1), the dosage ratio of alumina-based ceramic fiber, anhydrous toluene, and 3-isocyanatopropyltriethoxysilane is 10 g: 100 - 150 mL: 0.1 - 1 g; the heating and stirring conditions are heating and stirring at 80 - 100 °C for 2 - 4 h.

[0011] (2) Disperse the pretreated fiber into anhydrous ethanol, add 2-carboxyethylphenylphosphinic acid, stir and react under a nitrogen atmosphere, filter, wash, and dry the product to obtain intermediate fiber; Preparation of intermediate fiber: The isocyanate groups on the surface of the pretreated fiber react with the hydroxyl groups of 2-carboxyethylphenylphosphinic acid to form new chemical bonds, and at the same time, carboxyl and phosphinic acid groups are introduced on the fiber surface. The carboxyl provides reaction sites for subsequent grafting, while the phosphinic acid groups endow the material with flame retardant function.

[0012] Preferably, in step (2), the dosage ratio of the pretreated fiber, absolute ethanol, and 2-carboxyethyl phenylphosphinic acid is 10 g: 100 - 150 mL: 0.2 - 2 g.

[0013] Preferably, in step (2), the stirring reaction conditions are stirring and reacting at 60 - 80 °C for 3 - 6 h.

[0014] (3) Dissolve ethylenediamine and oxalic acid into deionized water, heat and stir to react, filter, wash with water, and dry the product to obtain an amide polymer; Preparation of amide polymer: Ethylenediamine and oxalic acid react through a condensation reaction to form polyamide, and its molecular chain contains a large number of amide bonds. The polarity and hydrogen bond action of the amide bonds make the polyamide have high reactivity, providing active end groups for subsequent grafting.

[0015] Preferably, in step (3), the dosage ratio of ethylenediamine, oxalic acid, and deionized water is 5 - 8 g: 6 - 9 g: 100 - 150 mL; in step (3), the stirring reaction conditions are stirring and reacting at 80 - 100 °C for 4 - 7 h.

[0016] (4) Disperse the intermediate fiber into DMF, add the amide polymer, stir and react under a nitrogen atmosphere, filter, wash, and dry the product to obtain the modified ceramic fiber.

[0017] Preparation of modified ceramic fiber: The carboxyl group on the surface of the intermediate fiber undergoes a condensation reaction with the amino group at the end of the amide polymer, grafting the amide polymer onto the fiber surface. This process not only enhances the mechanical properties of the fiber but also further improves the functionality of the fiber through the polarity and hydrogen bond action of the amide bonds.

[0018] Preferably, in step (4), the dosage ratio of the intermediate fiber, DMF, and amide polymer is 10 g: 100 - 150 mL: 0.5 - 3 g.

[0019] Preferably, in step (4), the stirring reaction conditions are stirring and reacting at 110 - 140 °C for 5 - 8 h.

[0020] Preferably, the toughening agent is one or more of polypropylene grafted maleic anhydride, ethylene-butyl acrylate-glycidyl methacrylate copolymer, ethylene-propylene-diene monomer-glycidyl methacrylate copolymer, glycidyl methacrylate grafted styrene-butadiene-styrene block copolymer, ethylene-octene copolymer grafted glycidyl methacrylate; the chain extender is tris(2,3-epoxypropyl)isocyanurate; the antioxidant is antioxidant 1010.

[0021] The present invention also claims to protect a preparation method of the impact-resistant plastic guard plate, which includes the following steps: stirring the raw materials at 50 - 100 r / min for 5 - 10 min to obtain a mixture, and then melt-extruding and molding through a twin-screw extruder at a feeding section temperature of 230 - 240 °C, a conveying section temperature of 240 - 250 °C, a melting section temperature of 260 - 270 °C, and a head temperature of 255 - 265 °C to obtain the impact-resistant plastic guard plate.

[0022] Compared with the prior art, the present invention has the following beneficial effects: 1. For the impact-resistant plastic guard plate provided by the present invention, through the synergistic effect of each component, the comprehensive performance of the material is significantly improved. PET, as the matrix material, provides excellent mechanical strength and thermal stability; the modified ceramic fiber, as a reinforcing filler, not only has the characteristics of light weight, high tensile strength and long service life, but also realizes uniform dispersion in the matrix through surface modification. When the plastic guard plate is impacted, the modified ceramic fiber can effectively bridge cracks and disperse stress, thereby improving the toughness and crack resistance of the material, significantly reducing the cracking risk and prolonging the service life of the guard plate. The addition of the toughening agent further improves the impact resistance of the material, making it not easy to break when subjected to external forces; the chain extender enhances the crosslinking degree of the molecular chain, improving the heat resistance and dimensional stability of the material; the antioxidant effectively delays the oxidative degradation of the material at high temperatures or during long-term use, ensuring the durability of the guard plate. Through the synergistic effect of each component, the impact-resistant plastic guard plate has both high strength, high toughness, flame retardancy, and excellent heat resistance and anti-aging performance, and is suitable for application scenarios with high requirements for mechanical properties and safety.

[0023] 2. The present invention provides a modified ceramic fiber. Through multi-step chemical reactions, active groups and functionalized polymers are introduced onto the fiber surface, significantly enhancing its compatibility and functionality with the matrix material. First, the introduction of a silane coupling agent forms isocyanate groups on the fiber surface, providing an anchor point for subsequent reactions. Second, the introduction of 2-carboxyethyl phenylphosphinic acid not only increases the carboxyl active sites on the fiber surface but also further enhances the compatibility between the fiber and the PET matrix through the benzene ring structure. At the same time, it improves the rigidity of the material, enabling it to exhibit higher anti-deformation ability when subjected to external forces. In addition, 2-carboxyethyl phenylphosphinic acid also endows it with excellent flame retardant properties, which can effectively inhibit the spread of fire during a fire, reduce fire losses, and ensure the safety of life and property. Finally, the grafting of amide polymer further enhances the mechanical properties of the fiber and the interfacial bonding force with the matrix material. The amide bonds in the amide polymer molecular chain form hydrogen bond interactions with the PET molecular chain, and the flexible molecular chain inserts between the PET molecular chains, playing a toughening effect. At the same time, it improves the tensile strength, flexural strength, and notched impact strength of the material. In addition, the grafted organic molecular chain contains phosphate groups, nitrogen-containing groups, and silicon-containing groups, which can form a P-N-Si synergistic flame retardant system to achieve flame retardancy from multiple levels of the condensed phase and gas phase, further enhancing the flame retardant properties of the material. The modified ceramic fiber can not only effectively disperse stress and improve the impact resistance of the material but also enhance the fire safety of the material through the introduction of flame retardant groups. At the same time, its good compatibility with the matrix material avoids the problem of phase separation, ensuring the uniformity and stability of the material. Detailed implementation manners

[0024] In order to make the objectives, technical solutions, and advantages of the present invention clearer, the following further elaborates on the present invention in conjunction with embodiments. Of course, the specific embodiments described herein are only used to explain the present invention and are not used to limit the present invention.

[0025] Unless otherwise specified, the chemical reagents and materials in the present invention are purchased through market channels or synthesized from raw materials purchased through market channels.

[0026] Aluminum oxide-based ceramic fibers are purchased from 3M, with a fiber length of 3 - 6 mm and a model of Nextel 610; PET is purchased from China Resources Chemical Materials Technology Co., Ltd., with a grade of CR-8816.

[0027] A preparation method of an impact-resistant plastic guard plate includes the following steps: (1) Disperse 10 g of aluminum oxide-based ceramic fibers into 100 - 150 mL of anhydrous toluene, then add 0.1 - 1 g of 3-isocyanatopropyltriethoxysilane, and heat and stir at 80 - 100 °C under a nitrogen atmosphere for 2 - 4 h. Filter, wash, and dry the product to obtain pretreated fibers; (2) Disperse 10 g of pretreated fibers into 100 - 150 mL of absolute ethanol, add 0.2 - 2 g of 2 - carboxyethylphenylphosphinic acid, and stir - react at 60 - 80 °C under a nitrogen atmosphere for 3 - 6 h. Filter, wash, and dry the product to obtain intermediate fibers; (3) Dissolve 5 - 8 g of ethylenediamine and 6 - 9 g of oxalic acid into 100 - 150 mL of deionized water, heat to 80 - 100 °C and stir - react for 4 - 7 h. Filter, wash with water, and dry the product to obtain an amide polymer; (4) Disperse 10 g of intermediate fibers into 100 - 150 mL of DMF, add 0.5 - 3 g of amide polymer, and stir - react at 110 - 140 °C under a nitrogen atmosphere for 5 - 8 h. Filter, wash, and dry the product to obtain modified ceramic fibers; (5) Mix 100 parts of PET, 5 - 15 parts of modified ceramic fibers, 4 - 12 parts of toughening agent, 0.5 - 2 parts of chain extender, and 0.5 - 1 part of antioxidant at 50 - 100 r / min for 5 - 10 min to obtain a mixture. Extrude and mold the mixture through a twin - screw extruder, with the feeding section at 230 - 240 °C, the conveying section at 240 - 250 °C, the melting section at 260 - 270 °C, and the die head at 255 - 265 °C to obtain the impact - resistant plastic guard plate.

[0028] The toughening agent is one or more of polypropylene grafted maleic anhydride, ethylene - n - butyl acrylate - glycidyl methacrylate copolymer, ethylene propylene diene monomer - glycidyl methacrylate copolymer, glycidyl methacrylate grafted styrene - butadiene - styrene block copolymer, ethylene - octene copolymer grafted glycidyl methacrylate; the chain extender is tris(2,3 - epoxypropyl)isocyanurate; the antioxidant is antioxidant 1010.

[0029] The following is a further description of the present invention through specific examples.

[0030] Example 1 A preparation method of an impact - resistant plastic guard plate includes the following steps: (1) Disperse 10 g of alumina - based ceramic fibers into 100 mL of absolute toluene, then add 1 g of 3 - isocyanatopropyltriethoxysilane, heat and stir at 100 °C under a nitrogen atmosphere for 2 h. Filter, wash, and dry the product to obtain pretreated fibers; (2) Disperse 10 g of pretreated fibers into 150 mL of absolute ethanol, add 2 g of 2 - carboxyethylphenylphosphinic acid, and stir - react at 80 °C under a nitrogen atmosphere for 3 h. Filter, wash, and dry the product to obtain intermediate fibers; (3) Dissolve 8 g of ethylenediamine and 9 g of oxalic acid into 150 mL of deionized water, heat to 100 °C and stir for reaction for 4 h, filter the product, wash with water and dry to obtain an amide polymer; (4) Disperse 10 g of intermediate fiber into 120 mL of DMF, add 3 g of amide polymer, stir and react at 140 °C under a nitrogen atmosphere for 5 h, filter the product, wash and dry to obtain modified ceramic fiber; (5) Mix 100 g of PET, 15 g of modified ceramic fiber, 12 g of toughening agent polypropylene grafted maleic anhydride, 2 g of chain extender tris(2,3-epoxypropyl)isocyanurate and 1 g of antioxidant 1010 by stirring at 80 r / min for 7 min to obtain a mixture, and extrude and mold it by a twin-screw extruder. The feeding section is at 235 °C, the conveying section is at 245 °C, the melting section is at 265 °C, and the die head is at 260 °C to obtain the impact-resistant plastic guard plate.

[0031] Example 2 A preparation method of an impact-resistant plastic guard plate, comprising the following steps: (1) Disperse 10 g of alumina-based ceramic fiber into 100 mL of anhydrous toluene, then add 0.8 g of 3-isocyanatopropyltriethoxysilane, heat and stir at 90 °C under a nitrogen atmosphere for 3 h, filter the product, wash and dry to obtain pretreated fiber; (2) Disperse 10 g of pretreated fiber into 150 mL of anhydrous ethanol, add 1.5 g of 2-carboxyethylphenylphosphinic acid, stir and react at 70 °C under a nitrogen atmosphere for 4 h, filter the product, wash and dry to obtain intermediate fiber; (3) Dissolve 7 g of ethylenediamine and 8 g of oxalic acid into 150 mL of deionized water, heat to 90 °C and stir for reaction for 5 h, filter the product, wash with water and dry to obtain an amide polymer; (4) Disperse 10 g of intermediate fiber into 120 mL of DMF, add 2.5 g of amide polymer, stir and react at 130 °C under a nitrogen atmosphere for 6 h, filter the product, wash and dry to obtain modified ceramic fiber; (5) Mix 100 g of PET, 12 g of modified ceramic fiber, 10 g of toughening agent polypropylene grafted maleic anhydride, 1.5 g of chain extender tris(2,3-epoxypropyl)isocyanurate and 0.8 g of antioxidant 1010 by stirring at 80 r / min for 7 min to obtain a mixture, and extrude and mold it by a twin-screw extruder. The feeding section is at 235 °C, the conveying section is at 245 °C, the melting section is at 265 °C, and the die head is at 260 °C to obtain the impact-resistant plastic guard plate.

[0032] Example 3 A preparation method of an impact-resistant plastic guard plate, comprising the following steps: (1) Disperse 10 g of alumina-based ceramic fibers into 100 mL of anhydrous toluene, then add 0.4 g of 3-isocyanatopropyltriethoxysilane, heat and stir for 3 h at 90 °C under a nitrogen atmosphere, filter, wash, and dry the product to obtain pretreated fibers; (2) Disperse 10 g of pretreated fibers into 150 mL of anhydrous ethanol, add 1 g of 2-carboxyethylphenylphosphinic acid, stir and react for 5 h at 70 °C under a nitrogen atmosphere, filter, wash, and dry the product to obtain intermediate fibers; (3) Dissolve 6 g of ethylenediamine and 7 g of oxalic acid into 150 mL of deionized water, heat to 90 °C and stir and react for 6 h, filter, wash with water, and dry the product to obtain an amide polymer; (4) Disperse 10 g of intermediate fibers into 120 mL of DMF, add 1 g of amide polymer, stir and react for 7 h at 120 °C under a nitrogen atmosphere, filter, wash, and dry the product to obtain modified ceramic fibers; (5) Stir 100 g of PET, 8 g of modified ceramic fibers, 8 g of toughening agent polypropylene grafted maleic anhydride, 1 g of chain extender triglycidyl isocyanurate, and 0.6 g of antioxidant 1010 at 80 r / min for 7 min to obtain a mixture, and melt and extrude it through a twin-screw extruder. The feeding section is at 235 °C, the conveying section is at 245 °C, the melting section is at 265 °C, and the die head is at 260 °C to obtain the impact-resistant plastic guard plate.

[0033] Example 4 A preparation method of an impact-resistant plastic guard plate, comprising the following steps: (1) Disperse 10 g of alumina-based ceramic fibers into 100 mL of anhydrous toluene, then add 0.1 g of 3-isocyanatopropyltriethoxysilane, heat and stir for 4 h at 80 °C under a nitrogen atmosphere, filter, wash, and dry the product to obtain pretreated fibers; (2) Disperse 10 g of pretreated fibers into 150 mL of anhydrous ethanol, add 0.2 g of 2-carboxyethylphenylphosphinic acid, stir and react for 6 h at 60 °C under a nitrogen atmosphere, filter, wash, and dry the product to obtain intermediate fibers; (3) Dissolve 5 g of ethylenediamine and 6 g of oxalic acid into 150 mL of deionized water, heat to 80 °C and stir and react for 7 h, filter, wash with water, and dry the product to obtain an amide polymer; (4) Disperse 10 g of intermediate fibers into 120 mL of DMF, add 0.5 g of amide polymer, stir and react for 8 h at 110 °C under a nitrogen atmosphere, filter, wash, and dry the product to obtain modified ceramic fibers; (5) Mix 100 g of PET, 5 g of modified ceramic fiber, 4 g of toughening agent polypropylene grafted maleic anhydride, 0.5 g of chain extender tris(2,3-epoxypropyl)isocyanurate, and 0.5 g of antioxidant 1010 at 80 r / min for 7 min to obtain a mixture, and melt-extrude and mold it through a twin-screw extruder at a feeding section temperature of 235 °C, a conveying section temperature of 245 °C, a melting section temperature of 265 °C, and a die head temperature of 260 °C to obtain the impact-resistant plastic guard plate.

[0034] Comparative Example 1 A method for preparing an impact-resistant plastic guard plate, comprising the following steps: (1) Disperse 10 g of alumina-based ceramic fiber into 100 mL of anhydrous toluene, then add 1 g of 3-isocyanatopropyltriethoxysilane, heat and stir at 100 °C for 2 h in a nitrogen atmosphere, filter, wash, and dry the product to obtain pretreated fiber; (2) Disperse 10 g of pretreated fiber into 150 mL of anhydrous ethanol, add 2 g of 2-carboxyethylphenylphosphinic acid, stir and react at 80 °C for 3 h in a nitrogen atmosphere, filter, wash, and dry the product to obtain intermediate fiber; (3) Mix 100 g of PET, 15 g of intermediate fiber, 12 g of toughening agent polypropylene grafted maleic anhydride, 2 g of chain extender tris(2,3-epoxypropyl)isocyanurate, and 1 g of antioxidant 1010 at 80 r / min for 7 min to obtain a mixture, and melt-extrude and mold it through a twin-screw extruder at a feeding section temperature of 235 °C, a conveying section temperature of 245 °C, a melting section temperature of 265 °C, and a die head temperature of 260 °C to obtain the impact-resistant plastic guard plate.

[0035] Comparative Example 2 A method for preparing an impact-resistant plastic guard plate, comprising the following steps: (1) Disperse 10 g of alumina-based ceramic fiber into 100 mL of anhydrous toluene, then add 1 g of 3-isocyanatopropyltriethoxysilane, heat and stir at 100 °C for 2 h in a nitrogen atmosphere, filter, wash, and dry the product to obtain pretreated fiber; (2) Mix 100 g of PET, 15 g of pretreated fiber, 12 g of toughening agent polypropylene grafted maleic anhydride, 2 g of chain extender tris(2,3-epoxypropyl)isocyanurate, and 1 g of antioxidant 1010 at 80 r / min for 7 min to obtain a mixture, and melt-extrude and mold it through a twin-screw extruder at a feeding section temperature of 235 °C, a conveying section temperature of 245 °C, a melting section temperature of 265 °C, and a die head temperature of 260 °C to obtain the impact-resistant plastic guard plate.

[0036] The plastic guards prepared in Examples 1 to 4 and Comparative Examples 1 to 2 were subjected to performance tests. Referring to GB / T 1040.2-2022 Plastics - Determination of tensile properties - Part 2: Test conditions for moulding and extrusion plastics, the tensile strength and elongation at break were tested; referring to GB / T 1043.1-2008 Plastics - Determination of Charpy impact properties - Part 1: Non-instrumented impact test, the notched Charpy impact strength was tested; referring to GB / T 2406.3-2022 Plastics - Determination of burning behaviour by oxygen index - Part 3: High-temperature test, the limiting oxygen index was tested. The specific data are shown in Table 1.

[0037] Table 1 Performance test results of plastic guards

[0038] As mentioned above, the above are only the preferred specific embodiments of the present invention, but the protection scope of the present invention is not limited thereto. Any person skilled in the art within the technical scope disclosed by the present invention, according to the technical solution and inventive concept of the present invention, making equivalent substitutions or changes, shall be covered by the protection scope of the present invention.

Claims

1. An impact-resistant plastic guard plate, characterized in that, It is made of the following components by weight parts: 100 parts of PET, 5 - 15 parts of modified ceramic fiber, 4 - 12 parts of toughening agent, 0.5 - 2 parts of chain extender, 0.5 - 1 part of antioxidant; the modified ceramic fiber is obtained by modifying alumina-based ceramic fiber with 3-isocyanatopropyltriethoxysilane, 2-carboxyethylphenylphosphinic acid, and amide polymer in sequence.

2. The impact-resistant plastic guard plate according to claim 1, wherein The preparation method of the modified ceramic fiber includes the following steps: (1) Disperse the alumina-based ceramic fiber into anhydrous toluene, then add 3-isocyanatopropyltriethoxysilane, heat and stir under a nitrogen atmosphere, filter, wash, and dry the product to obtain pretreated fiber; (2) Disperse the pretreated fiber into anhydrous ethanol, add 2-carboxyethylphenylphosphinic acid, stir and react under a nitrogen atmosphere, filter, wash, and dry the product to obtain intermediate fiber; (3) Dissolve ethylenediamine and oxalic acid into deionized water, heat and stir to react, filter, wash with water, and dry the product to obtain amide polymer; (4) Disperse the intermediate fiber into DMF, add amide polymer, stir and react under a nitrogen atmosphere, filter, wash, and dry the product to obtain modified ceramic fiber.

3. The impact-resistant plastic guard plate according to claim 2, characterized in that, In step (1), the dosage ratio of alumina-based ceramic fiber, anhydrous toluene, and 3-isocyanatopropyltriethoxysilane is 10 g: 100 - 150 mL: 0.1 - 1 g; the heating and stirring conditions are heating and stirring at 80 - 100 °C for 2 - 4 h.

4. The impact-resistant plastic guard plate according to claim 2, wherein, In step (2), the dosage ratio of pretreated fiber, anhydrous ethanol, and 2-carboxyethylphenylphosphinic acid is 10 g: 100 - 150 mL: 0.2 - 2 g.

5. The impact-resistant plastic guard plate according to claim 2, characterized in that, In step (2), the stirring reaction conditions are stirring reaction at 60 - 80 °C for 3 - 6 h.

6. The impact-resistant plastic guard plate according to claim 2, characterized in that, In step (3), the dosage ratio of ethylenediamine, oxalic acid, and deionized water is 5 - 8 g: 6 - 9 g: 100 - 150 mL; in step (3), the stirring reaction conditions are stirring reaction at 80 - 100 °C for 4 - 7 h.

7. The impact-resistant plastic guard plate according to claim 2, wherein In step (4), the dosage ratio of intermediate fiber, DMF, and amide polymer is 10 g: 100 - 150 mL: 0.5 - 3 g.

8. The impact-resistant plastic guard plate according to claim 2, wherein, In step (4), the stirring reaction conditions are stirring reaction at 110 - 140 °C for 5 - 8 h.

9. The impact-resistant plastic guard plate according to claim 1, wherein The toughening agent is one or more of polypropylene grafted maleic anhydride, ethylene-butyl acrylate-glycidyl methacrylate copolymer, ethylene propylene diene monomer-glycidyl methacrylate copolymer, glycidyl methacrylate grafted hydrogenated styrene-butadiene-styrene block copolymer, ethylene-octene copolymer grafted glycidyl methacrylate; the chain extender is triglycidyl isocyanurate; the antioxidant is antioxidant 1010.

10. A method for preparing an impact-resistant plastic guard plate according to any one of claims 1 to 9, characterized in that, It includes the following steps: Stir the components to obtain a mixture, and melt and extrude the mixture through a twin-screw extruder to obtain the impact-resistant plastic guard plate.

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