Composite carbon fiber stranded wire inhaul cable

Abstract

The composite carbon fiber stranded wire inhaul cable comprises a metal wire assembly, a carbon fiber assembly and an outer sheath assembly, the metal wire assembly and the carbon fiber assembly are located in the outer sheath assembly, are arranged in the circumferential direction of the outer sheath assembly in an overlapped mode and are of a honeycomb structure, and the honeycomb structure comprises multiple layers of structures arranged from inside to outside; each layer of structure is formed by arranging at least one metal wire assembly and / or at least one carbon fiber assembly; the outer sheath assembly comprises a protective sleeve and a plurality of heating cables, and the plurality of heating cables are uniformly embedded in the outer wall of the protective sleeve. The cable has the advantages that the metal wire assemblies and the carbon fiber assemblies are arranged in an overlapped mode, the light and high-strength characteristics of carbon fibers and the good conductivity and ductility of metal wires are utilized, the strength, rigidity and toughness of the cable are comprehensively optimized, the weight is reduced, and the safety and economical efficiency of the structure are improved.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present invention relates to the technical field of stranded cables, and more particularly to a composite carbon fiber stranded cable. Background Art

[0002] In modern engineering structures, especially in bridges, buildings, and large-scale mechanical equipment, cables, as key load-bearing and force-transmitting components, directly affect the safety and durability of the overall structure. Traditional cable materials such as steel strands, although having high strength, have defects such as large weight, easy corrosion, and sensitivity to temperature. In the prior art, carbon fiber materials are generally used to replace steel strands to solve the defects of steel strands. However, single carbon fiber materials have deficiencies such as easy embrittlement at low temperatures, poor electrical conductivity, and limited thermal stability, which not only limit the application of cables in cold regions but also increase safety risks in extreme climates. Moreover, existing cable designs lack effective waterproof and anti-icing measures, and moisture in humid or rainy and snowy environments can easily cause corrosion of steel wires, and icing will increase additional loads and accelerate fatigue damage. Summary of the Invention

[0003] To solve the above problems, the purpose of the present invention is to provide a composite carbon fiber stranded cable.

[0004] The present invention provides a composite carbon fiber stranded cable, which includes a metal wire assembly, a carbon fiber assembly, and an outer sheath assembly, wherein:

[0005] The metal wire assembly and the carbon fiber assembly are located inside the outer sheath assembly and are arranged overlappingly along the circumferential direction of the outer sheath assembly, forming a honeycomb structure. The honeycomb structure includes multiple layer structures arranged from the inside out, and each layer structure is arranged by at least one of the metal wire assembly and / or at least one of the carbon fiber assembly;

[0006] The outer sheath assembly includes a protective sleeve and multiple heating cables, and the multiple heating cables are evenly embedded on the outer wall of the protective sleeve.

[0007] As a further improvement of the present invention, each layer structure is arranged by the same type of assembly, and the assemblies of adjacent layer structures are different.

[0008] As a further improvement of the present invention, the outermost layer structure in the multiple layer structures is arranged by multiple metal wire assemblies.

[0009] As a further improvement of the present invention, the metal wire assembly and the carbon fiber assembly are respectively composed of multiple metal wires and multiple carbon fiber wires, and the twisting directions of the metal wires and the carbon fiber wires are opposite.

[0010] As a further improvement of the present invention, each layer structure is composed of different components arranged, and at least one of the wire components is included in any straight line direction of the honeycomb structure.

[0011] As a further improvement of the present invention, protective protrusions are fixedly installed on a plurality of the heating cables, and the protective protrusions protrude from the protective sleeve.

[0012] As a further improvement of the present invention, a water guiding structure is provided on the outer surface of the protective protrusion protruding from the protective sleeve, and the water guiding structure is composed of a plurality of water guiding gaskets.

[0013] As a further improvement of the present invention, the heating cables are spirally arranged along the outer wall of the protective sleeve.

[0014] As a further improvement of the present invention, a fireproof and heat-insulating filling material is provided between the inner wall of the protective sleeve and the wire component and the carbon fiber component.

[0015] As a further improvement of the present invention, the protective sleeve is sequentially provided with an outer protective layer, a heat-insulating buffer layer and a structure strengthening layer from outside to inside, and a plurality of the heating cables are embedded in the outer protective layer.

[0016] The beneficial effects of the present invention are as follows: By overlapping the wire component and the carbon fiber component, the light weight and high strength characteristics of the carbon fiber and the good electrical conductivity and ductility of the wire are fully utilized, and the strength, stiffness and toughness of the cable are comprehensively optimized. On the premise of ensuring the same bearing capacity, the weight is reduced, and the safety and economy of the structure are improved. Fixing and installing the heating cables on the outer sheath component not only effectively solves the embrittlement problem of the carbon fiber material in a low-temperature environment, improves the applicability and safety of the cable in cold regions, but also can quickly heat the cable under extreme climate conditions, further enhancing its environmental adaptability. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0017] In order to more clearly illustrate the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention or the prior art, the following will briefly introduce the drawings required for the description of the embodiments or the prior art. Obviously, the following drawings are only some embodiments of the present invention. For those of ordinary skill in the art, other drawings can be obtained based on these drawings without creative efforts.

[0018] Figure 1 It is a schematic structural diagram of a composite carbon fiber stranded cable according to an exemplary embodiment of the present invention;

[0019] Figure 2 It is an enlarged schematic diagram of a protective protrusion in a composite carbon fiber stranded cable according to an exemplary embodiment of the present invention.

[0020] In the figure,

[0021] 1. Heating cable; 2. Protective protrusion; 3. Fireproof and heat-insulating filling material; 4. Outer protective layer; 5. Heat-insulating buffer layer; 6. Structural reinforcement layer; 7. Carbon fiber component; 8. Wire component; 9. Protective sleeve; 10. Water-conducting structure. Specific implementation manner

[0022] Next, the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention will be clearly and completely described in conjunction with the accompanying drawings in the embodiments of the present invention. Obviously, the described embodiments are only a part of the embodiments of the present invention, rather than all the embodiments. Based on the embodiments of the present invention, all other embodiments obtained by those of ordinary skill in the art without making creative efforts belong to the scope of protection of the present invention.

[0023] It should be noted that if there are directional indications (such as up, down, left, right, front, back,...) involved in the embodiments of the present invention, the directional indications are only used to explain the relative positional relationship and movement conditions between components in a specific posture (as shown in the drawings). If the specific posture changes, the directional indications will also change accordingly.

[0024] In addition, in the description of the present invention, the used terms are only for the purpose of illustration and are not intended to limit the scope of the present invention. The terms "including" and / or "comprising" are used to specify the existence of the described elements, steps, operations, and / or components, but do not exclude the existence or addition of one or more other elements, steps, operations, and / or components. The terms "first", "second", etc. may be used to describe various elements, do not represent an order, and do not limit these elements. In addition, in the description of the present invention, unless otherwise specified, the meaning of "a plurality" is two or more. These terms are only used to distinguish one element from another. In conjunction with the following drawings, these and / or other aspects become obvious, and it is easier for those of ordinary skill in the art to understand the description of the embodiments of the present invention. The drawings are only used to depict the embodiments of the present invention for the purpose of illustration. Those skilled in the art will easily recognize from the following description that alternative embodiments of the structure and method shown in the present invention can be adopted without departing from the principles described in the present invention.

[0025] As Figure 1 shown, a composite carbon fiber stranded cable according to an embodiment of the present invention includes a wire component 8, a carbon fiber component 7, and an outer sheath component, wherein:

[0026] The wire assembly 8 and the carbon fiber assembly 7 are located inside the outer sheath assembly and are arranged in an overlapping manner along the circumferential direction of the outer sheath assembly, presenting a honeycomb structure. The honeycomb structure includes multiple layer structures arranged from the inside to the outside, and each layer structure is formed by arranging at least one of the wire assemblies 8 and / or at least one of the carbon fiber assemblies 7;

[0027] The outer sheath assembly includes a protective sleeve and a plurality of heating cables 1. The plurality of heating cables 1 are evenly embedded on the outer wall of the protective sleeve, protecting the wire assembly 8 and the carbon fiber assembly 7 while heating the surface of the composite carbon fiber stranded cable.

[0028] In this application, by arranging the wire assembly 8 and the carbon fiber assembly 7 in an overlapping manner inside the composite carbon fiber stranded cable, the lightweight and high-strength characteristics of carbon fiber and the good electrical conductivity and ductility of the wire are fully utilized, achieving comprehensive optimization of the cable in terms of strength, stiffness, toughness, etc.; by fixedly installing the heating cable 1 on the outer sheath assembly outside the composite carbon fiber stranded cable, not only the embrittlement problem of carbon fiber materials in low-temperature environments is effectively solved, improving the applicability and safety of the cable in cold regions, but also the cable can be quickly heated under extreme climate conditions, further enhancing its environmental adaptability. Moreover, since both carbon fiber and wire have good corrosion resistance, the composite carbon fiber stranded cable of this application can maintain stable mechanical properties in harsh environments such as humidity and salt spray for a long time, reducing maintenance costs and replacement frequencies; and compared with traditional steel stranded cables, the composite carbon fiber stranded cable of this invention reduces weight while ensuring the same load-bearing capacity, improving the structural safety and economy.

[0029] Furthermore, the heating cables 1 are arranged in a spiral pattern along the outer wall of the protective sleeve. The spiral arrangement can not only increase the contact area and contact path length between the heating cables 1 and the composite carbon fiber stranded cable, improving the heat transfer efficiency, enabling the heat generated by the heating cables 1 to be more effectively absorbed and utilized by the composite carbon fiber stranded cable, achieving rapid temperature rise with lower energy consumption, but also forming a continuous and relatively uniform distribution of the heating cables 1 on the outer wall of the composite carbon fiber stranded cable to uniformly heat the composite carbon fiber stranded cable comprehensively, avoiding local overheating or uneven heating that may cause uneven internal structural stress, ensuring the structural safety and stability of the cable, and improving the applicability of the composite carbon fiber stranded cable in low-temperature environments. Moreover, compared with other irregular or centralized arrangement methods, the spiral arrangement can make the installation position of the heating cables 1 match the stress distribution during the stress process of the cable. To prevent the heating cables 1 from having an additional impact on the mechanical properties of the composite carbon fiber stranded cable when the cable bears loads such as tension and bending, such as stress concentration points caused by improper arrangement of the heating cables, thus ensuring the structural integrity and safety of the cable.

[0030] Preferably, a protective sleeve 9 is provided outside each of the wire assemblies 8 and the carbon fiber assemblies 7. The protective sleeve 9 can not only play a certain role in restraining and fixing the structures of the wire assemblies and the carbon fiber assemblies, ensuring that they always maintain a stable structural form, and preventing the displacement, loosening or deformation of the filaments under stress or other conditions. The protective sleeve 9 can also act as a buffer layer, making the contact between the wire assemblies 8 and the carbon fiber assemblies 7 of each layer more uniform and smooth, reducing the friction and wear generated between the assemblies during the production, installation and use of the composite carbon fiber stranded cable, and also helping to improve the bonding performance between the assemblies. Moreover, the protective sleeve 9 can reduce the interference of factors such as temperature or humidity on the performance of the wire assemblies and / or the carbon fiber assemblies, enabling the composite carbon fiber stranded cable to reliably bear the load-bearing and force-transmitting functions, providing stable support and guarantee for the engineering structure, and improving the safety and reliability of the engineering structure.

[0031] Preferably, the protective sleeve 9 is a silica gel protective sleeve or a TPU protective sleeve, which can closely fit the object to be protected and provide effective protection.

[0032] In one embodiment, each layer structure is composed of the same type of component arrangement, and the components of adjacent layer structures are different. The honeycomb structure arranged in this way has higher strength, which can further improve the overall stability and fatigue resistance of the composite carbon fiber stranded cable. For example, the first layer structure is composed of one or more wire assemblies 8, and the second layer structure is composed of one or more carbon fiber assemblies 7.

[0033] Preferably, the outermost layer structure of the multi-layer structure is composed of a plurality of the wire assemblies 8 arranged to prevent external sharp or rough objects from directly contacting and damaging the internal carbon fiber assemblies 7, protecting the integrity of the carbon fiber assemblies 7, and further ensuring the stability and reliability of the overall structure of the cable.

[0034] Taking Figure 1 the example of a four-layer structure shown, the central layer is a layer structure composed of carbon fiber assemblies 7, and the layer near the center is a layer structure composed of wire assemblies 8. That is, from the cross-section of the composite carbon fiber stranded cable, the layer near the center composed of wire assemblies 8 completely surrounds the central layer composed of carbon fiber assemblies 7. By analogy, the near outer layer surrounding the layer near the center is a layer structure composed of carbon fiber assemblies 7, and the edge layer surrounding the near outer layer is a layer structure composed of wire assemblies 8.

[0035] In one embodiment, each layer structure is composed of different components arranged, that is, each layer structure includes both the wire component 8 and the carbon fiber component 7 at the same time, and at least one of the wire components 8 is included in any straight line direction in the honeycomb structure. This is to avoid the situation where each layer structure in this straight line direction is composed of the carbon fiber component 7, resulting in uneven internal structure stress in the composite carbon fiber stranded cable and problems such as breakage of the composite carbon fiber stranded cable. Among them, any straight line includes but is not limited to Figure 1 straight lines A_A, B_B, and C_C in the figure.

[0036] In one embodiment, the wire component 8 and the carbon fiber component 7 are respectively composed of multiple wires and multiple carbon fiber filaments, and the twisting directions of the wires and the carbon fiber filaments are opposite. When the wire component 8 and the carbon fiber component 7 are overlapped, the twisting directions of each layer of the wire component 8 and each layer of the carbon fiber component 7 are different, further reducing the torsion and stress concentration during the force application process of the composite carbon fiber stranded cable and improving its fatigue resistance. Among them, the wires can be twisted in the right hand and the carbon fiber filaments can be twisted in the left hand, or the carbon fiber filaments can be twisted in the right hand and the wires can be twisted in the left hand. The present application does not limit the specific twisting directions of the wires and the carbon fiber filaments.

[0037] Preferably, the material of the wire is any one or several of stainless steel, galvanized steel, copper alloy, and aluminum-magnesium alloy. The present application does not specifically limit the material of the wire.

[0038] In one embodiment, protective protrusions 2 are fixedly installed on multiple heating cables 1, and the protective protrusions 2 protrude from the protective sleeve. The protective protrusions 2 can provide a certain physical protection function, not only protecting the heating cable 1, but also further reducing the impact force of external objects on the composite carbon fiber stranded cable. Moreover, the part of the protective protrusion 2 protruding outside the protective sleeve can form a hydrophobic structure to reduce the contact area between water and / or ice and the protective sleeve, thereby reducing the adhesion between water and / or ice and the protective sleeve. It can make water droplets more likely to form spherical shapes and roll off on the surface of the protective sleeve, and can also make the ice layer on the surface of the protective sleeve easier to fall off or break, thus reducing the ice damage risk and enhancing the overall waterproof performance. In addition, the hydrophobic structure on the surface of the composite carbon fiber stranded cable also brings a natural cleaning property to it. When rainwater or a cleaning solution touches this surface, they will quickly condense into spherical shapes and slide off, thereby taking away the dust and stains attached to the surface of the protective sleeve, thus reducing the need and cost of manual cleaning.

[0039] Furthermore, a water guiding structure 10 is provided on the outer surface of the protective protrusion 2 protruding from the protective sleeve, and the water guiding structure 10 is composed of multiple water guiding gaskets.

[0040] Preferably, a plurality of water guiding grooves are formed on the outer wall of the water guiding gasket to guide the water droplets on the surface of the composite carbon fiber stranded cable to flow along a specific direction and be quickly discharged, reducing the risk of water accumulation and / or ice formation on the surface of the composite carbon fiber stranded cable in humid environments such as rainy or snowy days, further keeping the composite carbon fiber stranded cable dry, and improving the overall performance and reliability of the composite carbon fiber stranded cable.

[0041] In one embodiment, a fireproof and heat-insulating filling material 3 is provided between the inner wall of the protective sleeve and the metal wire assembly 8 and the carbon fiber assembly 7. It has certain heat-insulating properties, which can not only reduce the influence of heat transfer on the internal structure, protect the structural integrity of the internal metal wire assembly 8 and carbon fiber assembly 7, but also isolate heat transfer in extreme situations such as fires, thereby protecting the internal components from high-temperature damage, improving the fireproof grade of the composite carbon fiber stranded cable, and extending the service life of the composite carbon fiber stranded cable under extreme conditions.

[0042] Preferably, the fireproof and heat-insulating filling material 3 is made of rock wool or aluminosilicate wool, and the present application does not make specific limitations on this.

[0043] In one embodiment, the protective sleeve is sequentially provided with an outer protective layer 4, a heat-insulating buffer layer 5, and a structural strengthening layer 6 from outside to inside. A plurality of the heating cables 1 are embedded in the outer protective layer 4. The outer protective layer 4, the heat-insulating buffer layer 5, and the structural strengthening layer 6 are preferably annular, and can be specifically set according to the shape of the composite carbon fiber stranded cable, and the present application does not make limitations on this.

[0044] Among them, the outer protective layer 4 serves as the outermost layer of protection, which not only provides basic physical protection, but also fixedly installs the heating cables 1 to be able to quickly heat up when needed to cope with low-temperature environments or quickly thaw ice. Preferably, the outer protective layer 4 is a metal protective layer, a polymer protective layer, or a rubber protective layer. Among them, the metal protective layer is made of metal materials such as aluminum alloy or stainless steel, and has characteristics such as firmness, fire resistance, corrosion resistance, and beautiful appearance, and is used to protect the internal structure from the influence of the external environment; the polymer protective layer can be made of materials such as polyethylene and polypropylene. The polymer material has good waterproofness, high durability, and strong ultraviolet resistance. As the outer protective layer material, it can provide effective physical and chemical protection.

[0045] The heat insulation and buffer layer 5 is installed on the inner wall of the outer protective layer 4. It is not only used to reduce the thermal influence of the external environment on the internal structure and improve the heat preservation performance of the composite carbon fiber stranded cable, but also can effectively isolate the external heat transfer in case of emergencies such as fires, protecting the internal components from high-temperature damage. Preferably, the heat insulation and buffer layer 5 is made of polyurethane foam or glass wool. Polyurethane foam has advantages such as good buffer performance, heat preservation and insulation, low thermal conductivity, constant performance, and strong wind resistance. It is suitable for various heat preservation and insulation and heat treatment scenarios for special-shaped objects, and has high environmental protection performance; Glass wool has advantages such as low thermal conductivity, high sound absorption coefficient, corrosion resistance, low cost, good fire resistance, strong composability, corrosion resistance, good heat insulation effect, and good compressive capacity, effectively isolating the external heat transfer.

[0046] The structure strengthening layer 6 is installed on the inner wall of the heat insulation and buffer layer 5. The wire component 8 and the carbon fiber component 7 are both located in the inner cavity of the structure strengthening layer 6. The structure strengthening layer 6, as the inner support structure, has the necessary strength and stiffness, providing a reliable fixing foundation for the internal carbon fiber component 7 and wire component 8, and further ensuring the stability of the composite carbon fiber stranded cable when stressed. Preferably, the structure strengthening layer 6 is a carbon fiber reinforced material or a glass fiber reinforced material.

[0047] In one embodiment, a temperature sensor is provided on the protective sleeve to detect the temperature change on the surface of the composite carbon fiber stranded cable in real time, and adjust the temperature of the heating cable 1 according to the temperature change, so as to ensure that the temperature on the surface of the composite carbon fiber stranded cable is maintained within a suitable range.

[0048] The temperature sensor transmits the detected temperature data to the control system. When the control system detects that the surface temperature of the composite carbon fiber stranded cable is lower than the lowest temperature threshold, it controls the heating cable 1 to start heating the composite carbon fiber stranded cable until the temperature on the surface of the composite carbon fiber stranded cable is within a suitable range, and then turns off the heating cable 1. Among them, during the heating process, the temperature sensor will continuously detect the temperature change on the surface of the composite carbon fiber stranded cable and feedback the real-time data to the control system. The control system adaptively adjusts the output power of the heating cable 1 according to the feedback data. For example, when the temperature change on the surface of the composite carbon fiber stranded cable is slow, the output power of the heating cable 1 is increased to make the heating cable 1 generate enough heat to quickly increase the temperature on the surface of the composite carbon fiber stranded cable; when the temperature change on the surface of the composite carbon fiber stranded cable is fast, the output power of the heating cable 1 is reduced to avoid excessive temperature affecting the overall performance of the composite carbon fiber stranded cable.

[0049] When the control system detects that the surface temperature of the composite carbon fiber stranded cable is greater than the maximum temperature threshold, the control system controls to turn off the heating cable 1, start the emergency cooling system and send out an alarm signal to remind the maintenance personnel to conduct inspections and handling to prevent damage or safety accidents to the composite carbon fiber stranded cable.

[0050] Preferably, a pressure sensor is provided on the protective sleeve to detect the pressure change of the composite carbon fiber stranded cable in real time. The pressure sensor transmits the detected pressure data to the control system. When the control system detects that the pressure value of the composite carbon fiber stranded cable is greater than the set pressure threshold, it indicates that the composite carbon fiber stranded cable may be subjected to abnormal impact or overload, and the control system will immediately send out an alarm signal to remind the maintenance personnel to conduct inspections and handling.

[0051] Among them, the minimum temperature threshold, the maximum temperature threshold, and the set pressure threshold are set according to the actual composite carbon fiber stranded cable, and the present application does not make specific limitations.

[0052] The control system also has the functions of data storage and remote monitoring. It can not only record the working status and detection data of the cable, providing important references for subsequent maintenance and management; but also can transmit the detection data and alarm signals to the remote monitoring center or maintenance personnel in real time through remote communication technology to realize the remote monitoring and management of the composite carbon fiber stranded cable.

[0053] In the specification provided here, a large number of specific details are described. However, it can be understood that the embodiments of the present invention can be practiced without these specific details. In some instances, well-known methods, structures, and technologies are not shown in detail so as not to obscure the understanding of this specification.

[0054] In addition, those of ordinary skill in the art can understand that although some embodiments described herein include certain features included in other embodiments but not other features, the combination of the features of different embodiments means that it is within the scope of the present invention and forms different embodiments.

[0055] Those skilled in the art should understand that although the present invention has been described with reference to exemplary embodiments, various changes can be made and equivalents can be substituted for its elements without departing from the scope of the present invention. In addition, many modifications can be made to adapt a particular situation or material to the teachings of the present invention without departing from the essential scope of the present invention.

Claims

1. A composite carbon fiber stranded cable, characterized in that, It includes a wire component, a carbon fiber component, and an outer sheath component, where: The wire component and the carbon fiber component are located inside the outer sheath component, overlapping in the circumferential direction of the outer sheath component, and presenting a honeycomb structure. The honeycomb structure includes multiple layer structures arranged from the inside out. Each layer structure is formed by arranging at least one of the wire components and / or at least one of the carbon fiber components; The outer sheath component includes a protective sleeve and multiple heating cables. The multiple heating cables are evenly embedded on the outer wall of the protective sleeve.

2. The composite carbon fiber stranded cable according to claim 1, wherein, Each layer structure is formed by arranging the same type of component, and the components of adjacent layer structures are different.

3. The composite carbon fiber stranded cable according to claim 2, wherein, The outermost layer structure in the multiple layer structures is formed by arranging multiple wire components.

4. The composite carbon fiber stranded cable according to claim 1, wherein Each layer structure is formed by arranging different types of components, and at least one of the wire components is included in any straight line direction in the honeycomb structure.

5. The composite carbon fiber stranded cable according to any one of claims 1-4, characterized in that The wire component and the carbon fiber component are respectively composed of multiple wires and multiple carbon fiber filaments, and the twisting directions of the wires and the carbon fiber filaments are opposite.

6. The composite carbon fiber stranded cable according to claim 1, wherein, Protective protrusions are fixedly installed on the multiple heating cables, and the protective protrusions protrude from the protective sleeve.

7. The composite carbon fiber stranded cable according to claim 6, wherein, A water guiding structure is provided on the outer surface of the protective protrusion protruding from the protective sleeve. The water guiding structure is composed of multiple water guiding gaskets.

8. The composite carbon fiber stranded cable according to claim 1, wherein, The heating cables are spirally arranged along the outer wall of the protective sleeve.

9. The composite carbon fiber stranded cable according to claim 1, wherein, A fireproof and heat-insulating filling material is provided between the inner wall of the protective sleeve and the wire component and the carbon fiber component.

10. The composite carbon fiber stranded cable according to claim 1, wherein The protective sleeve is sequentially provided with an outer protective layer, a heat-insulating buffer layer, and a structure strengthening layer from the outside to the inside. The multiple heating cables are embedded in the outer protective layer.

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