Double-layer perforated plate flow guide breakwater

Abstract

The invention relates to the technical field of ocean engineering, in particular to a double-layer perforated plate flow guide breakwater which comprises connecting piles and double-layer perforated flow guide plates. Each connecting pile comprises a pile cap, a pile body and a cattle foot; the two groups of double-layer perforated guide plates are arranged in parallel front and back, each group comprises a plurality of perforated guide plates, each perforated guide plate is provided with a plurality of holes, the perforated guide plates in each group are connected into a whole side by side through the connecting piles, and the connecting piles are positioned on two sides of the perforated guide plates. According to the structure, through the optimized design, the wave dissipation effect and the structural stability of the breakwater are improved, and meanwhile the construction difficulty and cost are reduced. The structure is particularly suitable for ports, wharfs and coastal protection in the marine environment.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present invention relates to the technical field of ocean engineering, and particularly relates to a double-layer perforated plate flow-guiding breakwater. Background Art

[0002] A breakwater is an important coastal engineering structure that protects ports, docks, coastal facilities, and coastal areas from wave attacks. Its main function is to dissipate wave energy and reduce wave height, thereby protecting the infrastructure and coastal areas behind from wave impact and erosion. Traditional breakwater structures mainly include gravity breakwaters, slope breakwaters, and composite breakwaters, etc. However, when facing high-intensity wave impacts, these traditional breakwaters often have some deficiencies. For example, a gravity breakwater requires a large amount of construction materials, has a high construction cost, and is easily damaged under extreme sea conditions; although a slope breakwater can dissipate some wave energy, its wave dissipation effect is limited, and it occupies a large sea area.

[0003] In recent years, with the development of coastal engineering technology, some new breakwater structures have been proposed. For example, Chinese Patent CN202064321U proposed a double-layer breakwater structure, which includes an outer arch breakwater and an inner arch breakwater. By staggered arrangement of multiple openings, secondary wave dissipation is achieved, and the wave height behind the breakwater is significantly reduced. Specifically, this patent dissipates some energy by setting multiple openings between the double-layer breakwater, causing the waves to refract and reflect when passing through the openings. This structure improves the wave dissipation effect to a certain extent, but there are still some problems. First, its structure is complex and the construction difficulty is relatively large, especially in the setting and connection of the openings, which requires high precision. Second, the wave dissipation effect of this patent still needs to be improved when facing high wave height and long-period waves. Especially under extreme sea conditions, its protection ability may be insufficient.

[0004] Another related technology is Chinese Patent CN113605299B, which proposed a water tank wave dissipation device. By setting multiple layers of flow-guiding plates and intercepting plates, the energy dissipation effect of the water flow is further optimized. This device guides the water flow to collide and rub between different layers through the design of multiple layers of flow-guiding plates, thereby dissipating energy. However, this patent is mainly applied to small water body environments such as water tanks, and its structure and principle are not completely applicable to breakwaters in the ocean environment. In addition, the design of the flow-guiding plates of this patent is relatively single, lacking adaptive optimization for different sea conditions, resulting in limited wave dissipation effect in practical applications.

[0005] In summary, although the breakwater structures in the prior art have improved the wave dissipation effect and structural stability to a certain extent, there are still problems such as complex structure, high construction difficulty, and unsatisfactory wave dissipation effect. Therefore, it is of great practical significance to develop a new breakwater structure with simple structure, convenient construction, and good wave dissipation effect. Summary of the invention

[0006] To solve the above problems, the present invention provides a novel double-layer perforated plate diversion breakwater structure, which improves the wave dissipation effect and structural stability of the breakwater through optimized design, while reducing the construction difficulty and cost. The structure is particularly suitable for ports, docks and coastal protection in marine environments.

[0007] In order to solve the above technical problems, the present invention adopts the following technical solutions:

[0008] A double-layer perforated plate diversion breakwater comprises connecting piles and double-layer perforated guide plates; the connecting piles are provided in multiple groups, including pile caps, pile bodies and cow feet; the double-layer perforated guide plates are provided in two groups, the two groups are arranged in parallel front and back, each group comprises multiple perforated guide plates, multiple openings are provided on the perforated guide plates, each group of perforated guide plates are connected side by side into one by connecting piles, and the connecting piles are located on both sides of the perforated guide plates.

[0009] The pile cap is installed on the top of the pile body; the bull feet are one or more groups, and each group of bull feet is fixed on both sides of the pile body respectively; two adjacent perforated guide plates are connected as a whole through the bull feet on the pile body, and the perforated guide plates of each group are connected in sequence.

[0010] The openings are rectangular openings, and a plurality of openings are arranged in parallel up and down; wherein the openings on the front opening guide plate are located at the lower part of the opening guide plate, and the openings on the rear opening guide plate are located at the upper part of the opening guide plate.

[0011] Rubber material is embedded in both sides of the inner part of the cow foot. The shape of the rubber material is a wedge-shaped structure that is narrow at the top and wide at the bottom. The contact surface between the rubber material and the perforated guide plate is a curved surface with an arc.

[0012] The pile body is hollow or solid.

[0013] The pile cap is a detachable structure.

[0014] Beneficial effects of the present invention:

[0015] 1. Through the design of double-layer perforated plates and the staggered arrangement of the opening positions of the front and rear guide plates, the present invention can more effectively guide water flow, increase water flow resistance, promote water flow dispersion and energy dissipation, and thus significantly improve the wave dissipation performance of the breakwater.

[0016] 2. The rubber material embedded on both sides of the cow feet in the connecting pile structure can effectively absorb and buffer the shaking caused by water flow shock, enhancing the stability and durability of the entire breakwater structure.

[0017] 3. The hole design on the surface of the perforated flow guide plate is based on the principle of hydrodynamics, which can achieve the best water flow guidance and energy dissipation, reducing the impact force of ocean waves on the breakwater.

[0018] 4. The structural design of the present invention takes into account the convenience of construction. By using modular design and prefabricated components, the difficulty and cost of on-site construction are reduced.

[0019] 5. When designing the present invention, the impact on the marine ecological environment is considered. By optimizing the structural design, the damage to the habitats of marine organisms is reduced, realizing the harmonious coexistence of breakwater construction and ecological environment protection.

[0020] 6. The pile cap of the connecting pile is designed to be detachable, which is convenient for maintaining and repairing the pile body without removing the entire connecting pile, improving the maintenance efficiency of the breakwater and reducing the maintenance cost. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0021] Figure 1 is an overall schematic diagram of the double-layer perforated plate flow guide breakwater structure of the present invention;

[0022] Figure 2 is a detailed design schematic diagram of the corbel structure of the present invention;

[0023] Figure 3 is a schematic diagram of the front perforated flow guide plate of the present invention;

[0024] Figure 4 is a schematic cross-sectional diagram of the working principle of the structure of the present invention;

[0025] In the figure: 1 pile cap; 2 pile body; 3 corbel; 4 rubber material; 5 front perforated flow guide plate; 6 rear perforated flow guide plate; 7 hole. DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION

[0026] The following further describes the specific embodiments of the present invention in conjunction with the drawings and technical solutions.

[0027] The design of a double-layer perforated plate flow guide breakwater structure of the present invention includes the following aspects:

[0028] 1. Geological environment assessment: Before designing the breakwater structure, the geological environment of the construction site is first evaluated in detail, including soil type, hydrological conditions, wave characteristics, etc., to determine the design parameters of the breakwater.

[0029] 2. Structural design: According to the results of the geological environment assessment, the structural design of the breakwater is carried out. The design content includes the size of the double-layer perforated flow guide plate, the shape and size of the holes, the specifications and layout of the connecting piles, the thickness and material of the wave-dissipating layer, etc. When designing, the stability, durability of the structure and the wave-dissipating ability need to be considered.

[0030] 3. Fabricate the connecting piles and the perforated flow deflectors: Fabricate the connecting piles and the perforated flow deflectors according to the design drawings. The connecting piles are made of high-strength concrete, steel pipes or fiber-reinforced composite materials to ensure their load-bearing capacity and durability. The perforated flow deflectors are made of high-strength concrete or composite materials, and are designed with openings 7 of specific shapes and sizes on the surface to optimize the energy dissipation effect when water flows through.

[0031] 4. Install the connecting pile and perforated flow deflector structure: At the construction site, install the connecting pile and perforated flow deflector structure according to the design drawings and construction plan. First, install the pile body 2 of the connecting pile, drive one end of the connecting pile into the ground for a certain length to achieve the fixing effect, and then install the perforated flow deflector on the upper half of the pile body 2. During installation, ensure the precise positioning and fixation of each component, such as the fitting of the perforated flow deflector with the rubber material 4 in the corbel 3, to ensure the stability and functionality of the entire breakwater structure. Finally, install the pile cap 1 of the connecting pile.

[0032] 5. Testing and acceptance: After the construction of the breakwater structure is completed, conduct a series of tests, including structural stability tests, wave dissipation effect tests, etc., to ensure that the breakwater meets the design requirements and relevant specifications. After passing the tests, conduct the project acceptance.

[0033] 6. Maintenance and monitoring: Establish a maintenance and monitoring plan for the breakwater, regularly check the structural integrity and functional performance of the breakwater, and conduct necessary maintenance and repairs in a timely manner. The monitoring content includes structural displacement, settlement, cracks, etc., to ensure the long-term stability and safety of the breakwater.

[0034] Such as Figures 1 - 3As shown in the figure, a double-layer perforated plate diversion breakwater of the present invention includes connecting piles and double-layer perforated diversion plates; the connecting piles are the basic support parts of the breakwater, including a pile cap 1, a pile body 2 and a corbel 3. The pile cap 1 is fixed on the top of the pile body 2 to protect the pile body 2 and play a fixing and restraining role for the double-layer perforated diversion plate. The pile body 2, as the main load-bearing part of the connecting pile structure, is designed to be hollow or solid to adapt to different construction requirements and environmental conditions. The corbel 3, as the key connecting component between the connecting pile and the double-layer perforated diversion plate, has rubber materials 4 embedded on both sides of its interior, aiming to fill the gap between the diversion plate and the corbel 3, thereby greatly reducing the front-back shaking of the plate caused by water flow oscillation and enhancing the stability of the structure. The corbels 3 are symmetrically fixed on both sides of the pile body 2, and the corbels 3 are of one group or multiple groups of structures; in particular, the rubber material 4 used in the present invention has unique characteristics in shape design to improve its performance and installation convenience in the double-layer perforated plate diversion breakwater structure. Specifically, the shape of the rubber material 4 is designed as a wedge-shaped structure that is narrow at the top and wide at the bottom. This design helps to better adapt to the corbel structure of the connecting pile during the installation process, thus ensuring that the rubber material 4 can be firmly installed in the predetermined position. In addition, the contact surface between the rubber material 4 and the perforated diversion plate is designed as a curved surface with a certain arc. The design of this arc-shaped contact surface not only facilitates the installation between the rubber material 4 and the diversion plate, but also ensures a closer fit between the rubber material 4 and the diversion plate, thereby improving the sealing and stability of the entire structure.

[0035] The double-layer perforated diversion plate includes a front perforated diversion plate 5 and a rear perforated diversion plate 6. The two layers of perforated diversion plates are arranged in parallel and fixed by connecting piles. A certain number and rectangular openings 7 are designed on the surface of the diversion plate to optimize the energy dissipation effect when water flows through. In particular, the opening positions of the front and rear diversion plates are arranged in a staggered manner, that is, the openings 7 on the front perforated diversion plate 5 are located at the lower part of the front perforated diversion plate 5, and the openings 7 on the rear perforated diversion plate 6 are located at the upper part of the rear perforated diversion plate 6. Such a design can further optimize the water flow path, enabling the water flow to form a more complex flow pattern between the two layers of diversion plates, thereby improving the energy dissipation efficiency. The design of the openings 7 is based on the principle of fluid dynamics to achieve the best water flow guidance and energy dissipation, reducing the impact force of ocean waves on the breakwater.

[0036] Preferably, the connecting pile structure is made of high-strength and corrosion-resistant materials to ensure its stability and durability in the marine environment. The selection of specific materials should be comprehensively considered based on factors such as the design bearing capacity, geological conditions, corrosiveness, and economy of the connecting pile. Specific materials can be selected, such as steel of Q345B grade, which has excellent strength and toughness and is suitable for the pile body and corbel parts of the connecting pile, especially in occasions that need to withstand large wave impact forces.

[0037] Preferably, the double-layer perforated flow guide plate structure is made of high-strength and corrosion-resistant materials to adapt to the harsh conditions of the marine environment and improve the durability of the structure. The selection of specific materials should be comprehensively considered based on factors such as the design bearing capacity of the flow guide plate, the perforation layout, the corrosiveness of the marine environment, and economy. Specific materials can be selected such as concrete of grade C50 and above, which has good bearing capacity and durability and is suitable for manufacturing flow guide plates, especially in occasions where higher strength and stiffness are required.

[0038] Preferably, the rubber material should possess excellent elasticity, durability, and anti-aging properties to adapt to the harsh conditions in the marine environment. The selection of specific materials should be comprehensively considered based on factors such as the design bearing capacity of the rubber component, durability, elastic demand, and the corrosiveness of the marine environment. Specific materials can be selected as ethylene propylene diene monomer rubber (EPDM), which is renowned for its excellent weather resistance, ozone resistance, and heat resistance, and is suitable for manufacturing the rubber filler inside the connecting pile corbel structure to provide good buffering and shock absorption performance.

[0039] The working principle is as Figure 4 shown. Specifically, when ocean waves impact the breakwater, they first encounter the front flow guide plate. The water flow passes through the openings with specific shapes and sizes designed on the front flow guide plate, and this process guides the water flow and starts to dissipate the wave energy. Subsequently, the water flow continues to flow towards the rear flow guide plate arranged in parallel with it. The opening positions of this flow guide plate are staggered from those of the front flow guide plate, further guiding the water flow and increasing its resistance, effectively dispersing and consuming the wave energy. In the connecting pile structure, the rubber material embedded inside the corbel undergoes compressive deformation when impacted by ocean waves, absorbing the impact energy and reducing the impact force on the flow guide plate. Its design with a narrower top and wider bottom and the curvature of the contact surface with the perforated flow guide plate provide better buffering effects and fit. In addition, the wave dissipation layer on the sea-facing side of the breakwater consists of multiple wave dissipation blocks, further weakening the impact force of the ocean waves and protecting the main structure. The materials filled in the flexible support structure and the dislocation buffer zone disperse the shear stress and absorb the deformation energy during geological fault dislocation, enhancing the stability of the entire structure. Overall, through multi-layer flow guiding and buffering designs, this structure achieves the efficient dissipation of wave energy, improves the protection performance of the breakwater, and is suitable for the protection requirements of various marine environments.

Claims

1. A double-layer perforated plate diversion breakwater, characterized in that, The double-layer perforated plate diversion breakwater described above includes connecting piles and double-layer perforated diversion plates; there are multiple groups of the connecting piles, including pile caps, pile bodies and corbels; there are two groups of the double-layer perforated diversion plates, which are arranged side by side front and back. Each group includes multiple perforated diversion plates, and multiple openings are formed on the perforated diversion plates. Each group of perforated diversion plates is connected side by side into a whole through the connecting piles, and the connecting piles are located on both sides of the perforated diversion plates. The pile cap is installed on the top of the pile body; the corbels are one group or multiple groups, and each group of corbels is respectively fixed on both sides of the pile body; two adjacent perforated diversion plates are connected into a whole through the corbels on the pile body, and the perforated diversion plates of each group are connected in sequence.

2. The double-layer perforated plate flow-guiding breakwater according to claim 1, wherein The openings are rectangular openings, and multiple openings are arranged parallel to each other up and down; among them, the openings on the front perforated diversion plate are located at the lower part of the perforated diversion plate, and the openings on the rear perforated diversion plate are located at the upper part of the perforated diversion plate.

3. A double-layer perforated plate diversion breakwater according to claim 1 or 2, characterized in that, Rubber materials 4 are embedded on both inner sides of the corbel 3. The shape of the rubber material 4 is a wedge-shaped structure with a narrow upper part and a wide lower part, and the contact surface of the rubber material 4 with the perforated diversion plate is a curved surface with a radian.

4. A double-layer perforated plate diversion breakwater according to claim 1 or 2, characterized in that, The pile body 2 is hollow or solid.

5. A double-layer perforated plate flow-guiding breakwater according to claim 1 or 2, characterized in that, The pile cap 1 has a detachable structure.

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