Fish lifting machine system and method for relieving gas supersaturation effect

Abstract

The invention relates to the technical field of water conservancy and hydropower ecological protection, in particular to a fish lifting machine system and method for relieving the gas supersaturation effect. The fish lifting machine system comprises a base and a hollow spiral exercise assembly. A stand column and a supporting column are vertically installed on the top face of the base. A chain which circularly runs is mounted on the stand column through a driving mechanism; a plurality of fish collecting boxes are arranged on the chain, and gates and fish collecting ports are arranged at inlets of the fish collecting boxes; the multiple exercise assemblies are installed on the supporting column at intervals from top to bottom, and the exercise assemblies surround the vertical section of one side of the chain. A fish outlet and a fish inlet are respectively formed in the upper part and the lower part of the exercise assembly; and the fish collecting ports of the upper and lower adjacent fish collecting boxes are in butt joint with the fish outlet and the fish inlet of the exercise assembly respectively. By the adoption of the fish lifting machine system, after a fish school is exercised for multiple times, fishes affected by the gas supersaturation effect can recover the physiological state, and continuous fish passing can be achieved.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present invention relates to the technical field of water conservancy and hydropower ecological protection, and particularly relates to a fish lift system and method for alleviating the gas supersaturation effect. Background Art

[0002] The high-speed aerated water flow generated by the flood discharge of high dams in water conservancy and hydropower projects will cause air to rapidly dissolve in the energy dissipation pool under the action of huge pressure. When the dissolved gas saturation in the water body is higher than 100%, the total dissolved gas supersaturation (TDGS) of the downstream water channel is formed. TDGS in the downstream river of high dams affects the behavior of aquatic organisms such as fish and causes bubble disease. Its main pathogenic mechanism is that after the water body with TDGS enters the internal circulation system of fish, due to the change of temperature and pressure, the excessively dissolved gas escapes, forming bubble embolisms on the body surface, gill filaments and fins of the fish, resulting in damage and death of fish under the stress of TDGS. 120% is considered the boundary for distinguishing the acute and chronic effects of bubble disease.

[0003] Research has found that the change of hydrostatic pressure will affect fish bubble disease. Since the total gas pressure in water gradually increases from the surface to the bottom, for every 1 m increase in water depth, the solubility of gas in water increases and the saturation decreases by 10%, which helps to alleviate the fish gas supersaturation effect. This phenomenon is called the hydrostatic pressure compensation effect. Fish can perceive the vertical TDG saturation distribution through vertical reciprocating movement and adjust the pressure in the swim bladder to dive to avoid TDGS damage. For example, salmon can avoid the influence of TDS with a saturation of 120% by diving to an average depth of 2 - 3 m; steelhead trout can effectively alleviate the damage of TDS saturation of 125% - 130% at a water depth of 3 m; under the condition of TDG saturation of 150%, the half-death times of Procypris rabaudi at water depths of 30 cm, 130 cm, and 230 cm are 0.9 h, 2.8 h, and 8.6 h respectively. Different species and ages of fish have different vertical avoidance abilities.

[0004] The conventional technologies for alleviating the gas supersaturation effect mainly include spillways or energy dissipation pool guide plates, eco-friendly secondary dams, using power generation tail water to mix with the discharged water flow, ecological regulation, increasing the sediment content in the water body, etc. The core idea of the above technologies is to minimize gas mixing, increase the mixing process of low-saturation gas and high-saturation gas, so as to reduce the adverse effects of water body supersaturation on fish. However, the existing technologies have not designed protection measures from the perspective of utilizing the autonomous ability of fish vertical avoidance, and the technology in this field is still blank.

[0005] As a fish passage facility that has received a high degree of attention in fish protection measures, the layout of the downstream section of the facility is often selected in a position very close to the dam site. From a spatial perspective, it is the water area most significantly affected by gas supersaturation; from a temporal perspective, the migratory and reproductive periods of many fish are during the high dam flood discharge period (such as schizothoracids and Cobitidae).

[0006] Therefore, how to incorporate the idea of alleviating gas supersaturation effect into the fish pass facility that is sensitive to supersaturation in terms of time and space, and construct a fish pass facility and operation method with the effect of alleviating gas supersaturation is of great significance for fish protection. Summary of the Invention

[0007] The main object of the present invention is to propose a fish lift system and method for alleviating gas supersaturation effect, aiming to solve the above technical problems.

[0008] To achieve the above object, on the one hand, the present invention proposes a fish lift system for alleviating gas supersaturation effect, including a base and a hollow spiral-shaped exercise component; a vertical column and a support column are vertically installed on the top surface of the base; a circulating chain is installed on the vertical column through a driving mechanism; a plurality of fish collection boxes are arranged on the chain, and a gate and a fish collection port are arranged at the inlet of the fish collection box; a plurality of exercise components are installed on the support column at intervals from top to bottom, and the exercise components surround the vertical section on one side of the chain; there are a fish outlet and a fish inlet at the upper and lower parts of the exercise component respectively; the fish outlet and the fish inlet of the exercise component are respectively docked with the fish collection ports of the two adjacent fish collection boxes above and below.

[0009] Preferably, the driving mechanism includes a driving gear, a driven gear and a driving motor; the driving gear and the driving motor are both installed on the upper part of the vertical column, and the output shaft of the driving motor is connected to the driving gear; the driven gear is installed on the lower part of the vertical column; the chain is jointly sleeved on the driving gear and the driven gear.

[0010] Preferably, the fish collection port is in the shape of a flared mouth, and a plurality of acoustic and optical fish attracting devices are arranged on the fish collection port.

[0011] Preferably, the gate is arranged inside the fish collection box, and a lead screw nut is fixedly installed on the gate; a lead screw motor is arranged on the top wall of the fish collection box, and the output shaft of the lead screw motor is connected with a lead screw; the lead screw nut is screwed on the lead screw; lead screw seats are respectively installed on the top wall and the bottom wall of the fish collection box; both ends of the lead screw are rotatably installed on the lead screw seats.

[0012] Preferably, a support disk is arranged in the middle of the vertical column; a plurality of inclined struts are arranged between the support disk and the base.

[0013] Preferably, the exercise component is a hollow spiral tube formed by an inner spiral facade, an upper spiral plate, a lower spiral plate and an outer spiral facade; the fish outlet and the fish inlet are respectively opened at the upper and lower parts of the inner spiral facade; a plurality of water passing holes are evenly distributed on the inner spiral facade and the outer spiral facade respectively.

[0014] Preferably, the lower spiral plate is in the shape of a stepped spiral rising, and the steps on the lower spiral plate form a weir; cobblestones are laid on the lower spiral plate.

[0015] Preferably, a plurality of nozzles are arranged along the inner spiral vertical surface; and the plurality of nozzles are connected to a make-up water pipe, and a water pump is arranged on the make-up water pipe; the nozzles face the downhill direction of the lower spiral plate.

[0016] On the other hand, the present invention also provides a fish-lifting method for alleviating the gas supersaturation effect, using the above-mentioned fish-lifting machine system, including the following steps:

[0017] S1. Arrange the fish-lifting machine system: Arrange the fish-lifting machine system in the water body on the downstream side of the dam, and the top of the fish-lifting machine system is exposed above the water surface; the fish-collecting box at the top of the fish-lifting machine system is connected to the transfer vehicle on the dam shore through a chute;

[0018] S2. Lure fish: Open the gate of the fish-collecting box between the water level below and the uppermost exercise component, lure the fish group into the fish-collecting box and then close the gate;

[0019] S3. Exercise fish: Use the driving mechanism on the column to drive the chain to run, so that the fish-collecting box descends. When the two adjacent upper and lower fish-collecting boxes are surrounded by the exercise component, and the fish-collecting openings of these two fish-collecting boxes are respectively opposite to the fish outlet and the fish inlet of the exercise component, the driving mechanism stops running, and the gates of these two fish-collecting boxes are opened; the fish group in the lower fish-collecting box among these two fish-collecting boxes enters the exercise component and migrates upstream into the upper fish-collecting box to complete one exercise;

[0020] S4. Repeat step S3 so that the fish-collecting box passes through each exercise component in turn for multiple exercises;

[0021] S5. Release fish: When the fish-collecting box passes through each exercise component in turn and moves to the lower part of the fish-lifting machine system, close the gate of the fish-collecting box. As the chain moves, drive the fish-collecting box to the top of the fish-lifting machine system, open the gate of the fish-collecting box, and the fish group in the fish-collecting box slides down to the transfer vehicle through the chute, and the transfer vehicle transports the fish group to the upstream section of the dam for release.

[0022] Preferably, in step S3, when exercising the fish, use the nozzles on the exercise component to spray water, and the spraying direction faces the downhill direction of the lower spiral plate of the exercise component to create an attracting water flow, so that the fish group is driven by the instinct of countercurrent migration and swims upward along the inner cavity of the exercise component.

[0023] Due to the adoption of the above technical solutions, the beneficial effects of the present invention are as follows:

[0024] (1) An over-fish mode for alleviating the gas supersaturation effect is pioneered. In the present invention, multiple exercise components are installed below the surface water body. The chain can drive the fish collection box through the exercise components, and the fish collection ports of two adjacent upper and lower fish collection boxes are respectively docked with the fish outlet and the fish inlet of the exercise component. During use, the fish collection boxes located between the water level below and the uppermost exercise component are used to attract and collect fish, attracting the fish schools affected by gas supersaturation on the surface layer. The driving device on the column drives the chain to move, causing the fish collection box to gradually dive for hydrostatic pressure compensation. At the same time, near-natural fish-attracting conditions and an exercise space for upstream migration are created through the exercise components to further restore the physiological state of the fish. Through the alternating process of gradually diving and exercising, the physiological state of the fish is finally fully restored, and then the fish are transported through the chute and transporter to complete the over-dam process. The present invention focuses on the gas supersaturation effect caused by the dam discharge, incorporates the idea of restoring the physiological state of fish into the fish-lifting machine system, combines and nests the fish-lifting machine system with the fish exercise and restoration mechanism, and pioneers a new over-fish mode that coordinates the dam operation scheduling and the ecological needs of fish.

[0025] (2) A fish-lifting machine system for circular, safe, and continuous over-fish is constructed. The working principle of the traditional fish-lifting machine structure is to attract fish into a metal cage or a water tank-type fish-holding box through fish-attracting facilities, and then realize the over-dam of the fish-holding box by means of vertical lifting or inclined lifting. This structure has the drawback of discontinuous over-fish and is also a major technical problem in the research field of fish-lifting machines. The present invention designs the fish-lifting machine system as an annular structure that can rotate circularly. The driving wheel drives the driven wheel and the chain to rotate, and multiple fish collection boxes are arranged on the annular chain, realizing an over-fish process in which multiple fish collection boxes independently attract and collect fish without interference, constructing a fish-lifting machine system for continuous over-fish and overcoming the key problem that it is difficult for fish-lifting machines to achieve continuous over-fish.

[0026] (3) A fish collection, transfer, and transportation method that takes into account the upstream migration of multiple target fish. During the operation of the fish-lifting machine system provided by the present invention, in addition to providing conditions for attracting, exercising, restoring, and transporting fish affected by gas supersaturation, it can also provide conditions for attracting and transporting fish groups not affected by gas supersaturation, with high operation efficiency and significantly better over-fish effect than traditional fish-lifting machines. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0027] In order to more clearly illustrate the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention or the prior art, the following will briefly introduce the drawings required for use in the description of the embodiments or the prior art. Obviously, the following drawings are only some embodiments of the present invention, and those of ordinary skill in the art can obtain other drawings based on the structures shown in these drawings without creative efforts.

[0028] Figure 1 It is the front view of the fish-lifting machine system provided by the present invention;

[0029] Figure 2 Schematic diagram of the upright column and the drive mechanism on the upright column in the present invention;

[0030] Figure 3 Three-dimensional structure diagram of the fish-lifting machine system provided by the present invention;

[0031] Figure 4 Schematic diagram after multiple exercise components in the present invention are installed on the support column;

[0032] Figure 5 Schematic diagram of the internal structure of the exercise component in the present invention (the outer spiral facade is not drawn);

[0033] Figure 6 Schematic diagram of the structure of the fish collecting box in the present invention;

[0034] Figure 7 Schematic diagram of the gate of the fish collecting box in the present invention in the closed state (the back panel of the fish collecting box is not shown);

[0035] Figure 8 Schematic diagram of the gate of the fish collecting box in the present invention in the open state (the back panel of the fish collecting box is not shown);

[0036] Figure 9 Schematic diagram after the fish-lifting machine system provided by the present invention is arranged in the water body on the downstream side of the dam;

[0037] Explanation of the reference numerals in the drawings: 1, base; 2, upright column; 201, support plate; 3, driving gear; 4, driven gear; 5, chain; 6, support column; 7, exercise component; 701, fish outlet; 702, fish inlet; 703, inner spiral facade; 704, upper spiral plate; 705, lower spiral plate; 706, water passing hole; 707, gravel; 708, nozzle; 709, baffle; 8, fish collecting box; 801, fish collecting port; 802, acoustic and optical fish attracting device; 803, gate; 804, lead screw nut; 805, lead screw motor; 806, lead screw; 807, lead screw seat; 9, driving motor; 10, chute; 11, transfer vehicle; 12, diagonal brace; 13, dam. Detailed implementation manners

[0038] Next, the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention will be clearly and completely described in conjunction with the accompanying drawings in the embodiments of the present invention. Obviously, the described embodiments are only a part of the embodiments of the present invention, rather than all of the embodiments. All other embodiments obtained by those of ordinary skill in the art based on the embodiments of the present invention without making creative efforts shall fall within the protection scope of the present invention.

[0039] It should be noted that all directional indications (such as up, down, left, right, front, back...) in the embodiments of the present invention are only used to explain the relative positional relationship and movement conditions between components in a specific posture (as shown in the attached drawings). If the specific posture changes, the directional indications will also change accordingly.

[0040] As shown in Figures 1 to 8 , on the one hand, this embodiment provides a fish-lifting machine system for alleviating the gas supersaturation effect, including a base 1 and a hollow spiral exercise component 7; a vertical column 2 and a support column 6 are vertically installed on the top surface of the base 1; a chain 5 running in a cycle is installed on the vertical column 2 through a driving mechanism; a plurality of fish-collecting boxes 8 are arranged on the chain 5, and a gate 803 and a fish-collecting port 801 are arranged at the inlet of the fish-collecting box 8; the gate 803 is used to open or close the fish-collecting box 8. A plurality of exercise components 7 are installed on the support column 6 at intervals from top to bottom, and the exercise component 7 surrounds the vertical section on one side of the chain 5; there are a fish outlet 701 and a fish inlet 702 at the upper and lower parts of the exercise component 7 respectively; the fish outlet 701 and the fish inlet 702 of the exercise component 7 are respectively butted against the fish-collecting ports 801 of the upper and lower adjacent two fish-collecting boxes 8.

[0041] As shown in Figure 2 , in this embodiment, the driving mechanism includes a driving gear 3, a driven gear 4 and a driving motor 9; the driving gear 3 and the driving motor 9 are both installed on the upper part of the vertical column 2, and the output shaft of the driving motor 9 is connected to the driving gear 3; the driven gear 4 is installed on the lower part of the vertical column 2; the chain 5 is jointly sleeved on the driving gear 3 and the driven gear 4. By driving the driving gear 3 to rotate by the driving motor 9, the chain 5 can be driven to move in a cycle.

[0042] As shown in Figure 6 , in order to improve the fish-collecting effect, the fish-collecting port 801 is set in the shape of a flared mouth, and a plurality of acoustic-optic fish-attracting devices 802 are arranged on the fish-collecting port 801. The acoustic-optic fish-attracting devices 802 are used to attract fish schools into the interior of the fish-collecting box 8.

[0043] As shown in Figure 7 , Figure 8As shown, the gate 803 is arranged inside the fish collecting tank 8, and a lead screw nut 804 is fixedly installed on the gate 803; a lead screw motor 805 is arranged on the top wall of the fish collecting tank 8, and the output shaft of the lead screw motor 805 is connected with a lead screw 806; the lead screw nut 804 is screwed on the lead screw 806; lead screw seats 807 are respectively installed on the top wall and the bottom wall of the fish collecting tank 8; both ends of the lead screw 806 are rotatably installed on the lead screw seats 807. By driving the lead screw 806 to rotate by using the lead screw motor 805, since the lead screw 806 is in threaded fit with the lead screw nut 804 fixed on the gate 803, the gate 803 can be driven to move so as to open or close the fish collecting tank 8.

[0044] Combined with Figure 3 As shown, in order to improve the stability of the fish elevator system, a support plate 201 is arranged in the middle of the column 2; a plurality of inclined struts 12 are arranged between the support plate 201 and the base 1.

[0045] Combined with Figure 5 As shown, it is a schematic internal structure diagram of the exercise component 7, and the outer spiral facade of the exercise component 7 in the figure is not shown. The exercise component 7 is a hollow spiral tube surrounded by an inner spiral facade 703, an upper spiral plate 704, a lower spiral plate 705 and an outer spiral facade; the fish outlet 701 and the fish inlet 702 are respectively arranged at the upper part and the lower part of the inner spiral facade 703; a plurality of water passing holes 706 are uniformly distributed on the inner spiral facade 703 and the outer spiral facade respectively. Baffles 709 are respectively arranged at the upper and lower ends of the exercise component 7. By arranging the water passing holes 706, the inside of the exercise component 7 can always be kept full of water.

[0046] Furthermore, the lower spiral plate 705 is in a stepped shape of spiral rising, and the steps on the lower spiral plate 705 form drop weirs, and the slope of the drop weirs is set according to the technical requirements in the "Design Specification for Fish Pass Facilities in Hydropower Projects (NBT 35054-2015)". Gravel 707 is laid on the lower spiral plate 705 to provide a natural-like habitat condition for fish that like flowing water and gravel bottom.

[0047] Furthermore, a plurality of nozzles 708 are arranged along the inner spiral facade 703; and the plurality of nozzles 708 are connected to a water supply pipe, and a water pump (the water supply pipe and the water pump are not shown in the figure) is arranged on the water supply pipe; the nozzles 708 face the downhill direction of the lower spiral plate 705.

[0048] On the other hand, this embodiment also provides a fish lifting method for alleviating the gas supersaturation effect. Taking the migration process of Schizothorax prenanti and Schizothorax grahami, rare and endemic fish species in the middle and upper reaches of the Yangtze River, as an example, Schizothorax grahami is more sensitive to gas supersaturation than Schizothorax prenanti. Schizothorax grahami shows no mortality at 100% and 110% saturation. At 120% saturation, the T2 (half of the starting death time), T3 (starting death time), T4 (time at 25% mortality), T5 (time at 50% mortality), and T6 (time at 75% mortality) are 10.50, 21.00, 35.50, 45.50, and 65.00 hours respectively. At 130% saturation, T2, T3, T4, and T5 are 1.53, 5.05, 8.50, 8.70, and 11.00 hours respectively; Schizothorax prenanti shows no mortality at 100% and 110% saturation. At 120% saturation, the T2, T3, T4, and T5 times are 27.50, 55.00, 66.15, and 92.15 hours respectively. At 130% saturation, T2, T3, T4, and T5 are 1.88, 3.75, 4.90, 6.50, and 9.25 hours respectively. It can be seen that the survival time of fish mainly depends on the TDGS saturation and the stress time, and the TDGS gradually decreases with the increase of water depth. The migration of fish in the direction of water depth can change the degree of the gas supersaturation effect; at 120% TDGS, the death time point of Schizothorax prenanti is longer, and at 130% TDGS, the death time point of Schizothorax prenanti is shorter.

[0049] Combined with Figure 1 and Figure 9 as shown, this embodiment also provides a fish lifting method for alleviating the gas supersaturation effect. Using the above fish lifting machine system, it includes the following steps:

[0050] S1. Arrange the fish lifting machine system: Arrange the fish lifting machine system in the water body on the downstream side of the dam 13, with the top of the fish lifting machine system exposed above the water surface; the fish collection box 8 at the top of the fish lifting machine system is connected to the transfer vehicle 11 on the shore of the dam 13 through the chute 10;

[0051] S2. Lure fish: When the downstream water body of the dam is affected by flood discharge and is in a gas supersaturated state, open the gate 803 of the fish collection box 8 between the water level below and the uppermost exercise component 7 to lure the fish group into the fish collection box 8 and then close the gate 803.

[0052] S3. Exercise fish: Use the driving mechanism on the column 2 to drive the chain 5 to run (at Figure 1The middle chain 5 moves counterclockwise), causing the fish collecting box 8 to descend. When two adjacent upper and lower fish collecting boxes 8 are surrounded by the training assembly 7, and the fish collecting ports 801 of these two fish collecting boxes 8 are respectively docked with the fish outlet 701 and the fish inlet 702 of the training assembly 7, the drive mechanism stops operating, and the gates 803 on these two fish collecting boxes 8 are opened; the fish in the lower fish collecting box among these two fish collecting boxes enter the training assembly 7 and migrate upstream to the inside of the upper fish collecting box to complete one training session. Further, when training the fish, water is sprayed using the nozzle 708 on the training assembly 7, and the spraying direction is towards the downhill direction of the lower spiral plate 705 of the training assembly 7 to create an attracting water flow, so that the fish school is driven by the instinct of countercurrent migration and swims upward along the inner cavity of the training assembly 7.

[0053] S4. Repeat step S3 so that the fish collecting box 8 passes through each training assembly 7 in turn for multiple trainings. After multiple trainings, the fish affected by the gas supersaturation effect can recover their physiological state.

[0054] S5. Release the fish: When the fish collecting box 8 passes through each training assembly 7 in turn and moves to the lower part of the fish elevator system, the gate 803 on the fish collecting box 8 is closed. As the chain 5 moves, the fish collecting box 8 is driven to the top of the fish elevator system, and the gate 803 of the fish collecting box 8 is opened. The fish in the fish collecting box 8 slide down through the chute 10 onto the transfer vehicle 11, and the fish are transported to the upstream section of the dam for release by the transfer vehicle 11.

[0055] The above is only the preferred embodiment of the present invention, and it does not limit the patent scope of the present invention. Any equivalent structural transformation made using the content of the specification and drawings of the present invention under the inventive concept of the present invention, or any direct / indirect application in other related technical fields is included in the patent protection scope of the present invention.

Claims

1. An ascending fish lift system for alleviating gas supersaturation effect, characterized in that, It includes a base (1) and a hollow spiral exercise component (7); On the top surface of the base (1), a vertical column (2) and a support column (6) are vertically installed; on the column (2), a circulating chain (5) is installed through a driving mechanism; on the chain (5), a plurality of fish collecting boxes (8) are provided, and a gate (803) and a fish collecting port (801) are provided at the inlet of the fish collecting box (8); A plurality of exercise components (7) are installed at intervals from top to bottom on the support column (6), and the exercise component (7) surrounds the vertical section on one side of the chain (5); at the upper and lower parts of the exercise component (7), there are respectively a fish outlet (701) and a fish inlet (702); The fish outlet (701) and the fish inlet (702) of the exercise component (7) are respectively butted against the fish collecting ports (801) of the two adjacent upper and lower fish collecting boxes (8).

2. The fish lift system for alleviating gas supersaturation effect according to claim 1, wherein, The driving mechanism includes a driving gear (3), a driven gear (4) and a driving motor (9); The driving gear (3) and the driving motor (9) are both installed on the upper part of the column (2), and the output shaft of the driving motor (9) is connected to the driving gear (3); The driven gear (4) is installed on the lower part of the column (2); The chain (5) is jointly sleeved on the driving gear (3) and the driven gear (4).

3. A fish lift system for alleviating gas supersaturation effect as described in claim 1, characterized in that, The fish collecting port (801) is in the shape of a flared mouth, and a plurality of acoustic and optical fish attracting devices (802) are provided on the fish collecting port (801).

4. The fish-lifting machine system for alleviating gas supersaturation effect according to claim 1, characterized in that, The gate (803) is arranged inside the fish collecting box (8), and a lead screw nut (804) is fixedly installed on the gate (803); on the top wall of the fish collecting box (8), a lead screw motor (805) is provided, and the output shaft of the lead screw motor (805) is connected with a lead screw (806); the lead screw nut (804) is screwed on the lead screw (806); on the top wall and the bottom wall of the fish collecting box (8), lead screw seats (807) are respectively installed; the two ends of the lead screw (806) are respectively rotatably installed on the lead screw seats (807).

5. The fish-lifting machine system for alleviating the gas supersaturation effect according to claim 1, characterized in that A support disc (201) is arranged in the middle of the column (2); between the support disc (201) and the base (1), a plurality of inclined struts (12) are provided.

6. The fish-lifting machine system for alleviating gas supersaturation effect according to claim 1, characterized in that The exercise component (7) is a hollow spiral tube formed by an inner spiral facade (703), an upper spiral plate (704), a lower spiral plate (705) and an outer spiral facade; the fish outlet (701) and the fish inlet (702) are respectively opened at the upper and lower parts of the inner spiral facade (703); a plurality of water passing holes (706) are evenly distributed on the inner spiral facade (703) and the outer spiral facade respectively.

7. The fish-lifting machine system for alleviating gas supersaturation effect according to claim 6, characterized in that, The lower spiral plate (705) is in a stepped shape of spiral rising, and the steps on the lower spiral plate (705) form drop weirs; pebble gravel (707) is laid on the lower spiral plate (705).

8. The fish-lifting machine system for alleviating gas supersaturation effect according to claim 6, characterized in that, A plurality of nozzles (708) are arranged along the inner spiral facade (703); and the plurality of nozzles (708) are connected to a water supply pipe, and a water pump is arranged on the water supply pipe; the nozzles (708) face the downhill direction of the lower spiral plate (705).

9. A method for lifting fish to relieve the gas supersaturation effect, characterized in that, Adopt the fish lift system described in any one of claims 1 to 8, including the following steps: S1. Arrange the fish lift system: Arrange the fish lift system in the water body on the downstream side of the dam (13), and the top of the fish lift system is exposed above the water surface; the fish collection tank (8) at the topmost part of the fish lift system is connected to the transfer vehicle (11) on the bank of the dam (13) through the chute (10). S2. Lure fish: Open the gate (803) of the fish collection tank (8) between the water level below and the uppermost exercise component (7), lure the fish group into the fish collection tank (8), and then close the gate (803). S3. Exercise fish: Use the driving mechanism on the column (2) to drive the chain (5) to run, so that the fish collection tank (8) descends; when the two adjacent upper and lower fish collection tanks (8) are surrounded by the exercise component (7), and the fish collection ports (801) of these two fish collection tanks (8) are respectively docked with the fish outlet (701) and the fish inlet (702) of the exercise component (7), the driving mechanism stops running, and the gates (803) on these two fish collection tanks (8) are opened; the fish group in the lower fish collection tank among these two fish collection tanks (8) enters the exercise component (7) and migrates upstream into the upper fish collection tank, completing one exercise. S4. Repeat step S3 so that the fish collection tank (8) passes through each exercise component (7) in sequence for multiple exercises. S5. Release fish: When the fish collection tank (8) passes through each exercise component (7) in sequence and moves to the lower part of the fish lift system, close the gate (803) on the fish collection tank (8); as the chain (5) moves, drive the fish collection tank (8) to move to the topmost part of the fish lift system, and then open the gate (803) of the fish collection tank (8); the fish group in the fish collection tank (8) slides down through the chute (10) onto the transfer vehicle (11), and the transfer vehicle (11) transports the fish group to the upstream section of the dam for release.

10. A fish lifting method for alleviating gas supersaturation effect as described in claim 9, characterized in that, In step S3, when exercising fish, use the nozzle (708) on the exercise component (7) to spray water, and the water spraying direction is towards the downhill direction of the lower spiral plate (705) of the exercise component (7), so as to create an attracting water flow, so that the fish group is driven by the instinct of upstream migration and swims upward along the inner cavity of the exercise component (7).

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