Walking beam type energy-saving pumping unit with special-shaped crank disc and hydraulic power generator

Abstract

A walking beam type energy-saving oil pumping unit with a special-shaped crank disc and a hydraulic power generator mainly comprises a walking beam type oil pumping unit base, a solar power generation device, a hydraulic energy storage device, a power conversion device, a horse head, an oil pumping rod, an oil pumping well and the like. In the working process, the power conversion device optimizes the motion trail of the crank connecting rod through the special-shaped crank disc, so that the gravitational potential energy storage threshold value is increased, and the driving torque force arm is prolonged; the hydraulic energy storage device captures gravitational potential energy released in the horse head descending stage and converts the gravitational potential energy into hydraulic energy for storage; the solar power generation device converts solar energy into electric energy, and the load requirement for a traditional power grid is remarkably reduced. According to the invention, an energy closed loop can be effectively formed, the energy consumption of the oil pumping unit is reduced, the dependence on a power grid is greatly reduced, and the industrial application prospect is wide.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present invention relates to a beam pumping unit for energy saving, and particularly to a beam pumping unit for energy saving with a special-shaped crank disc and hydraulic power generation. Background Art

[0002] At present, beam pumping units, as the main equipment for global oilfield exploitation, cover more than 90% of oil production scenarios, but their energy consumption problem is particularly prominent. The annual power consumption of a single device reaches 25,000 to 80,000 kWh, accounting for 30% to 40% of the overall energy consumption of the oilfield. Although such devices have been widely used for a long time due to advantages such as stable structure and convenient maintenance, their energy conversion efficiency is generally less than 25%, and can only be increased to about 30% even in technologically advanced regions. There are three major pain points of energy loss in actual operation: one is complete reliance on grid power supply, the second is that the motor is in a low-load state for a long time (the average load rate is less than 30%), and the third is the "reverse power generation" phenomenon caused by the reciprocating motion of the equipment, resulting in reverse energy flow.

[0003] Although China's current energy-saving solutions (such as reactive power compensation devices and variable frequency speed regulation technology) can limitedly reduce energy consumption, due to problems such as high transformation costs, immature energy recovery technology, and adaptability limitations, they cannot fundamentally optimize grid energy consumption. It is worth noting that the power of such pumping units completely depends on the traditional power grid. If the dependence on the power grid can be reduced, not only can carbon dioxide emissions in the power generation link be reduced, but also the goal of green and low-carbon exploitation can be facilitated. The existing technology has a very low recovery and utilization rate of the gravitational potential energy during the downward movement of the walking beam. In view of this situation, innovatively designing a gravitational potential energy hydraulic recovery system to achieve efficient recovery and reuse of potential energy during the movement of the equipment will become the key breakthrough point for solving the energy consumption dilemma of beam pumping units, which has important practical significance for improving the sustainability of oilfield exploitation. Therefore, it is necessary to design a beam pumping unit for energy saving with a special-shaped crank disc and hydraulic power generation. Summary of the Invention

[0004] In order to reduce the energy consumption of beam pumping units and improve energy utilization efficiency, the present invention designs a beam pumping unit for energy saving with a special-shaped crank disc and hydraulic power generation.

[0005] A beam pumping unit with a special-shaped crank disc and hydraulic power generation, comprising: a beam pumping unit base, a solar power generation device, a connecting rod, a cross beam, a beam, an extension rod, a pony head, a sucker rod, a pumping well, a bracket, a hydraulic energy storage device, a power conversion device, a speed reducer, a special-shaped crank disc, a speed reducer output shaft, a crank pin, a crank, a belt, a pulley, a pulley shaft, a tension pulley, a tension pulley slide rail, a fixed pulley, a sucker rod suspension rope, a suspension rope fixator, a hydraulic rod, a hydraulic oil tank, an energy converter, an energy storage tank, a middle shaft, a photovoltaic panel, a longitudinal rotating shaft, a support plate, a horizontal rotating shaft, and a solar power generation device base. The pony head is connected to one side of the beam, and the cross beam is connected to the other side of the beam. A middle shaft is installed at a position in the middle of the beam and biased towards the pony head. One end of the sucker rod is connected to the pony head, and the other end is connected to the pumping well.

[0006] The power conversion device is connected to the cross beam by a connecting rod. In the power conversion device, the crank is connected to the other end of the connecting rod through a crank pin. The speed reducer output shaft fixes the special-shaped crank disc and the crank together. The belt links the special-shaped crank disc, the pulley, and the tension pulley. The pulley is concentric with the pulley shaft, and the tension pulley slides along the tension pulley slide rail. They are all fixed on the speed reducer.

[0007] The top end of the bracket is fixed on the middle shaft, and the bottom end is placed on the beam pumping unit base, thus supporting the beam. An extension rod is also fixed on the middle shaft, and a fixed pulley is installed at the other end of the extension rod. One end of the sucker rod suspension rope is connected to the hydraulic rod, and the other end bypasses the fixed pulley and is connected to the suspension rope fixator. The suspension rope fixator is fixed on the pony head. In the hydraulic energy storage device, the hydraulic rod is connected to the hydraulic oil tank, and both the hydraulic oil tank and the energy converter are fixed on the energy storage tank.

[0008] The solar power generation device base in the solar power generation device is fixed on the beam pumping unit base. The horizontal rotating shaft is embedded in the center of the solar power generation device base. The longitudinal rotating shaft and the horizontal rotating shaft are respectively connected to both ends of the support plate. The photovoltaic panel is connected to the support plate through the longitudinal rotating shaft.

[0009] A method for using a beam pumping unit with a special-shaped crank disc and hydraulic power generation includes the following steps: The pumping unit is integrally installed on the beam pumping unit base. The pumping unit can capture light energy through the photovoltaic panels on the solar power generation device to assist in power supply. During the entire oil production process, first, through the power conversion device, the circular motion is converted into the reciprocating oil production action of the donkey head by means of the special-shaped crank disk and the connecting rod. At the same time, the combination of the special-shaped crank disk, the pulley and the tension pulley and the tension pulley slide rail is used to dynamically tension the belt, realizing energy saving during the upstroke and energy storage during the downstroke. The efficient transmission increases the gravitational potential energy of the donkey head. Then, the hydraulic energy storage device is used to link the hydraulic rod through the suspension rope of the walking rod, and the gravitational potential energy released when the donkey head descends is stored as hydraulic energy in stages through the hydraulic oil tank and the energy converter and converted into electric energy for reuse. A complete energy closed-loop regulation system is constructed, significantly improving the energy self-sufficiency rate and operation energy efficiency.

[0010] Compared with the prior art, the beneficial effects achieved by the present invention are as follows: 1. The present invention utilizes the power conversion device to optimize the motion trajectory of the crank connecting rod by using a special-shaped crank disk, thereby increasing the lifting height of the donkey head and raising the threshold of gravitational potential energy storage; at the same time, through the dynamic adjustment of the curvature radius of the special-shaped crank disk, the driving torque arm is effectively extended, thus saving energy and optimizing the comprehensive energy efficiency ratio of the system.

[0011] 2. The present invention captures and converts the gravitational potential energy released during the descending stage of the donkey head into hydraulic energy through the hydraulic energy storage device, and converts the hydraulic energy into electric energy as needed through the energy converter and feeds it back to the pumping unit drive system, forming a "potential energy - hydraulic energy - electric energy" directional recycling chain, and realizing the optimization of dynamic energy ratio through the negative feedback regulation mechanism.

[0012] 3. The present invention adopts a solar power generation device to fully absorb sunlight energy, gives full play to the power generation capacity of the photovoltaic system, and at the same time establishes an on-site conversion and utilization system to directly utilize the generated electric energy nearby, greatly reducing the power supply burden of the traditional power grid, thereby reducing the total carbon emissions in the whole process of production and use, and having the practical potential for large-scale popularization and application. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0013] Figure 1 It is the overall external view schematic diagram of the present invention patent.

[0014] Figure 2 It is the schematic diagram of the solar power generation device of the present invention patent.

[0015] Figure 3 It is the schematic diagram of the power conversion device of the present invention patent.

[0016] Figure 4 It is the schematic diagram of the hydraulic energy storage device of the present invention patent.

[0017] In the figure: 1. Beam pumping unit base; 2. Solar power generation device; 3. Connecting rod; 4. Cross beam; 5. Beam; 6. Extension rod; 7. Horsehead; 8. Sucker rod; 9. Oil production well; 10. Support; 11. Hydraulic energy storage device; 12. Power conversion device; 13. Reducer; 14. Special-shaped crank disc; 15. Output shaft of reducer; 16. Crank pin; 17. Crank; 18. Belt; 19. Belt pulley; 20. Belt pulley shaft; 21. Tension pulley; 22. Tension pulley slide rail; 23. Fixed pulley; 24. Sucker rod suspension rope; 25. Suspension rope fixator; 26. Hydraulic rod; 27. Hydraulic oil tank; 28. Energy converter; 29. Energy storage tank; 30. Central shaft; 31. Photovoltaic power generation panel; 32. Longitudinal rotating shaft; 33. Support plate; 34. Horizontal rotating shaft; 35. Solar power generation device base. Specific embodiments

[0018] The present invention will be further described below with reference to the accompanying drawings: Combined with Figure 1 , Figure 2 , Figure 3 , Figure 4 As shown in the figures, this is a beam type energy-saving pumping unit with a special-shaped crank disc, including a beam pumping unit base 1, a solar power generation device 2, a connecting rod 3, a cross beam 4, a beam 5, an extension rod 6, a horsehead 7, a sucker rod 8, an oil production well 9, a support 10, a hydraulic energy storage device 11, a power conversion device 12, a reducer 13, a special-shaped crank disc 14, an output shaft 15 of the reducer, a crank pin 16, a crank 17, a belt 18, a belt pulley 19, a belt pulley shaft 20, a tension pulley 21, a tension pulley slide rail 22, a fixed pulley 23, a sucker rod suspension rope 24, a suspension rope fixator 25, a hydraulic rod 26, a hydraulic oil tank 27, an energy converter 28, an energy storage tank 29, a central shaft 30, a photovoltaic power generation panel 31, a longitudinal rotating shaft 32, a support plate 33, a horizontal rotating shaft 34, and a solar power generation device base 35.

[0019] Combined with Figure 1 , Figure 2 As shown in the figures, the entire device is installed on the beam pumping unit base 1. The solar power generation device 2 installed on one side of the beam pumping unit base 1 consists of a horizontal rotating shaft 34 installed on the solar power generation device base 35, and the horizontal rotating shaft 34 is connected through a support plate 33 to a photovoltaic power generation panel 31 installed on a longitudinal rotating shaft 32. The entire device captures solar energy during the working process to supply energy to the pumping unit. The power conversion device 12 converts the circular motion of the crank 17 through the connection of the crank pin 16 and the connecting rod 3 to drive the cross beam 4 into the reciprocating motion of the beam 5 and the horsehead 7 supported by the support 10. At the same time, the horsehead 7 drives the sucker rod 8 to complete the oil production operation in the oil production well 9. Among them, the hydraulic energy storage device 11 improves the energy utilization rate and recovery rate of the pumping unit during the operation of the pumping unit.

[0020] Combined with Figure 3 As shown, when the speed reducer 13 outputs from the output end shaft 15 of the speed reducer after being decelerated by gear oil, the crank 17 and the special-shaped crank disc 14 on the same side of the output end shaft 15 of the speed reducer rotate synchronously. The belt 18 is driven by the belt pulley 19 and the tension pulley 21 located on the belt pulley shaft 20. The tension pulley 21 moves up and down through the tension pulley slide rail 22 to ensure that the belt 18 is always in a tensioned state. The special-shaped crank disc 14 not only saves energy and is energy-efficient during the upstroke process of the pumping unit, applies force and stores energy during the downstroke process, but also expands the movement range of the walking beam 7, thereby being able to better improve the effect of the hydraulic energy storage device 11 recovering gravitational potential energy.

[0021] Combined with Figure 4 As shown, one end of the connecting rod 3 is connected to the crank pin 23, and the other end is connected to the cross beam 4. The cross beam 4 drives the walking beam 5 to make reciprocating movements. During the upstroke process, the sucker rod suspension rope 24 of the fixed pulley 23 installed on the extension rod 6 connected by the middle shaft 30 and the suspension rope holder 25 installed on the walking beam is in the contraction stage. The sucker rod suspension rope 24 drives the hydraulic rod 26 to descend, converting gravitational potential energy into hydraulic energy of hydraulic oil and storing it in the hydraulic oil tank 27. At the same time, the sucker rod 8 enters the oil well 9 for oil production operations. The hydraulic oil converts hydraulic energy into electrical energy through the energy converter 28 and stores it in the energy storage tank 29 for future use. During the downstroke process, the sucker rod suspension rope 31 is in the stretching stage, and the sucker rod suspension rope 24 drives the hydraulic rod 26 to rise to store more gravitational potential energy.

[0022] Compared with the traditional beam pumping unit, the beam pumping unit with a special-shaped crank disc and hydraulic power generation provided by the present invention can realize the storage and conversion of part of the gravitational potential energy, reduce the overall energy consumption of the system, form an energy closed-loop, not only meet the current advocated energy conservation and emission reduction, but also ensure the oil energy security of our country to a certain extent.

Claims

1. A beam - type energy - saving pumping unit with a special - shaped crank disk and hydraulic power generation, which comprises: a beam - type pumping unit base (1), a solar power generation device (2), a connecting rod (3), a cross - beam (4), a beam (5), an extension rod (6), a walking beam (7), a sucker rod (8), a pumping well (9), a support (10), a hydraulic energy storage device (11), a power conversion device (12), a speed reducer (13), a special - shaped crank disk (14), a speed reducer output shaft (15), a crank pin (16), a crank (17), a belt (18), a pulley (19), a pulley shaft (20), a tension pulley (21), a tension pulley slide rail (22), a fixed pulley (23), a sucker rod suspension rope (24), a suspension rope fixer (25), a hydraulic rod (26), a hydraulic oil tank (27), an energy converter (28), an energy storage box (29), a central shaft (30), a photovoltaic panel (31), a longitudinal rotating shaft (32), a support plate (33), a horizontal rotating shaft (34), a solar power generation device base (35); characterized in that: The described donkey head (7) is connected to one side of the walking beam (5), the cross beam (4) is connected to the other side of the walking beam (5), a central shaft (30) is installed at a position in the middle of the walking beam (5) and biased towards the donkey head (7), one end of the sucker rod (8) is connected to the donkey head (7), and the other end is connected to the oil production well (9).

2. The beam pumping unit with a special-shaped crank disk and hydraulic power generation according to claim 1, characterized in that: The described power conversion device (12) is connected to the cross beam (4) by a connecting rod (3). In the power conversion device (12), a crank (17) is connected to the other end of the connecting rod (3) through a crank pin (16). The output end shaft (15) of the speed reducer fixes the special-shaped crank disk (14) and the crank (17) together. A belt (18) links the special-shaped crank disk (14), a belt pulley (19), and a tension pulley (21). The belt pulley (19) is concentric with the belt pulley shaft (20). The tension pulley (21) slides along the tension pulley slide rail (22) and is fixed on the speed reducer (13).

3. The beam pumping unit with a special-shaped crank disk and hydraulic power generation according to claim 1, characterized in that: The top end of the described support (10) is fixed on the central shaft (30), and the bottom end is placed on the walking beam pumping unit base (1) to support the walking beam (5). An extension rod (6) is also fixed on the central shaft (30), and a fixed pulley (23) is installed at the other end of the extension rod (6). One end of an oil rod suspension rope (24) is connected to a hydraulic rod (26), and the other end bypasses the fixed pulley (23) and is connected to a suspension rope fixator (25). The suspension rope fixator (25) is fixed on the donkey head (7). In the hydraulic energy storage device (11), the hydraulic rod (26) is connected to a hydraulic oil tank (27), and both the hydraulic oil tank (27) and the energy converter (28) are fixed on the energy storage box (29).

4. The beam pumping unit with a special-shaped crank disk and hydraulic power generation according to claim 1, wherein: The solar power generation device base (35) in the described solar power generation device (2) is fixed on the walking beam pumping unit base (1). A horizontal rotating shaft (34) is embedded in the center of the solar power generation device base (35). A longitudinal rotating shaft (32) and the horizontal rotating shaft (34) are respectively connected to both ends of a support plate (33). The photovoltaic power generation panel (31) is connected to the support plate (33) through the longitudinal rotating shaft (32).

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