Downward medium-length hole continuous mining method for strip type flat bottom structure

Abstract

The invention discloses a downward medium-length hole continuous mining method for a strip type flat bottom structure, and belongs to the technical field of underground mining of metal ore deposits. Comprising the following steps: arranging ore blocks and forming elements; mining preparation cutting work; performing stoping work; and filling. According to the method, an ore body is divided into small-span strips, stoping is carried out in two steps, a project is arranged in an inclined ore pillar to reach the hanging wall of the ore body, downward fan-shaped medium-length holes are formed in a rock drilling roadway of the hanging wall of the ore body for blasting ore breaking, a flat bottom structure is formed, and ore removal is carried out through a remote control carry-scraper. In addition, after stoping of the stope room is finished, the inclined pillars can be mined, and the rock drilling roadway connection way along the inclined strips and the drift roadway of the inclined pillars are shared. Compared with a traditional layered mining method for a gently inclined medium-thickness ore body with poor ore rock stability, the method has the advantages that operators do not need to be exposed in a stope for a long time, and the safety is high; medium-length hole ore breaking is adopted, the efficiency is high, ore removal is achieved through a remote control carry-scraper, and the mining and cutting work amount is reduced.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present invention relates to the technical field of underground mining of metal ore deposits, and particularly to a continuous mining method for downward medium-deep holes with a strip-shaped flat bottom structure. Background Art

[0002] For the mining of gently inclined medium-thick ore bodies with poor ore-rock stability, the sublevel stoping and filling method is mainly used. This method has cumbersome mining steps, and the ore body conditions limit the use of large-scale mechanized equipment, resulting in low mining efficiency; in addition, due to the poor ore-rock stability, it is usually necessary to set up top pillars and bottom pillars, resulting in ore loss, and the workers are working in the stope with exposed roofs for a long time, posing a high safety risk.

[0003] In view of this, how to provide an efficient, continuous and safe mining method has been a problem that those skilled in the art need to solve for a long time. Summary of the Invention

[0004] The purpose of the present invention is to provide a continuous mining method for downward medium-deep holes with a strip-shaped flat bottom structure to solve the problems existing in the prior art.

[0005] To achieve the above purpose, the present invention provides a continuous mining method for downward medium-deep holes with a strip-shaped flat bottom structure, including the following steps:

[0006] S1: Ore block layout and constituent elements: The ore body is divided into several sublevels along the dip of the ore body, and each sublevel is divided into several first-step strips and second-step strips. The first-step strips and the second-step strips are arranged in a cross pattern, and both the first-step strips and the second-step strips are correspondingly divided into dip pillars and ore rooms;

[0007] S2: Development and cut-off engineering:

[0008] S2.1: Along the dip of the ore body, a crosscut along the level is arranged in the footwall of the ore body, and multiple ore-drawing drifts are arranged near the footwall of the ore body. One end of the ore-drawing drift is close to the footwall of the ore body and communicates with the first-step strips and the second-step strips, and the other end communicates with the crosscut along the level;

[0009] S2.2: A crosscut connecting the drifting roadway is opened in the drifting roadway passing through the dip pillar, and the end of the crosscut connecting the drifting roadway is located in the hanging wall of the ore body. Along the dip of the ore body, a strip-shaped drifting roadway is arranged in the hanging wall of the ore body, and the strip-shaped drifting roadway communicates with the crosscut connecting the drifting roadway;

[0010] S2.3: Cut-through raises are arranged in the first-step strips and the second-step strips and blasted to expand the rib on both sides to form a cut;

[0011] S3: Stoping work: In the strip drilling roadway on the hanging wall of the ore body, ore is blasted downwards. First, the metallic ore in the first-step strip is mined, and then the metallic ore in the second-step strip is mined. The mining sequence is from bottom to top, and the ore is transported and concentrated by the ore-drawing drift and then transported out through the cross-cut along the middle section;

[0012] S4: Filling work: When the mining distance of the first-step strip reaches the preset distance, the mined first-step strip is filled with cemented filling; when the mining distance of the second-step strip reaches the preset distance, the mined second-step strip is filled with non-cemented filling.

[0013] Furthermore, the metallic ore in adjacent first-step and second-step strips is transported from the same ore-drawing drift.

[0014] Furthermore, the section includes two first-step strips and two second-step strips.

[0015] Furthermore, in step S3, a flat bottom structure is constructed in the stope, and fan-shaped blasting holes are drilled downwards in the strip drilling roadway for ore blasting.

[0016] Furthermore, in step S3, a remote-controlled load-haul-dump is used for ore drawing, and the metallic ore is transported to the cross-cut of the section by a mining truck and then lowered to the cross-cut along the middle section through an ore chute for transportation out.

[0017] Furthermore, the section height is 15 m, a dip pillar is set every 100 m along the dip of the ore body, and the width of the dip pillar is 16 - 20 m.

[0018] Furthermore, the gradient of the ore-drawing drift is 10% - 12%.

[0019] Furthermore, in step S2.3, the cut in the first-step strip is set close to the dip pillar where the cross-cut of the drilling roadway in the second-step strip is located, and the cut in the second-step strip is close to the dip pillar where the cross-cut of the drilling roadway in the first-step strip is located.

[0020] Furthermore, after the first-step and second-step strips are mined and filled, the cross-cut of the drilling roadway can be used as an access drift to mine the dip pillar.

[0021] The present invention discloses the following technical effects:

[0022] 1. The present invention divides the ore belt into several sections, and further divides each section into several first-step strips and second-step strips. It adopts the method of small-span strips for mining, without setting top pillars and bottom pillars. Ore caving is carried out by blasting on the hanging wall of the ore body, and a flat-bottom structure is formed. The mining and transportation are carried out by a remote-controlled load-haul-dump machine. Compared with the traditional slicing method used for gently inclined medium-thick ore bodies with poor ore-rock stability, the operators of the present invention do not need to be exposed in the stope for a long time, with high safety. While reducing safety risks, the mining efficiency is greatly improved, and the mining operation can be carried out continuously.

[0023] 2. After the first-step strips and second-step strips are mined and backfilled, the dip pillars can be mined through the crosscut in the drilling roadway to avoid ore loss.

[0024] 3. The crosscut in the drilling roadway shares the access roadway inside the dip pillar, which can effectively reduce the amount of mining work and save costs. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0025] In order to more clearly illustrate the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention or the prior art, the following will briefly introduce the drawings required in the embodiments. Obviously, the drawings in the following description are only some embodiments of the present invention. For those of ordinary skill in the art, without creative efforts, other drawings can be obtained based on these drawings.

[0026] Figure 1 It is a sectional view of the mining state along the dip of the ore body;

[0027] Figure 2 It is Figure 1 the sectional view taken along the A-A plane in

[0028] Figure 3 It is Figure 1 the sectional view taken along the B-B plane in

[0029] Figure 4 It is Figure 1 the sectional view taken along the C-C plane in

[0030] Figure 5 It is Figure 1 the sectional view taken along the D-D plane in

[0031] Figure 6 It is Figure 2 the sectional view taken along the E-E plane in

[0032] Among them, 1, first-step strip; 2, second-step strip; 3, dip pillar of the first-step strip; 4, ore body; 5, crosscut along the level; 6, crosscut in the drilling roadway; 7, cut raise; 8, cut slot; 9, ore-drawing access; 10, strip drilling roadway; 11, sectional roadway; 12, dip pillar of the second-step strip. DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION

[0033] The following will clearly and completely describe the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention with reference to the accompanying drawings in the embodiments of the present invention. Obviously, the described embodiments are only a part of the embodiments of the present invention, rather than all the embodiments. All other embodiments obtained by those of ordinary skill in the art based on the embodiments of the present invention without creative efforts shall fall within the protection scope of the present invention.

[0034] To make the above objects, features, and advantages of the present invention more obvious and understandable, the present invention will be further described in detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings and specific embodiments.

[0035] As Figures 1-6 shown, the present invention provides a continuous mining method for medium-deep downward holes with a strip-shaped flat bottom structure, including the following steps:

[0036] S1: Ore block layout and constituent elements: The ore body 4 is divided into several sublevels along the dip of the ore body 4, and each sublevel is divided into several first-step strips 1 and second-step strips 2. The first-step strips 1 and the second-step strips 2 are arranged crosswise, and both the first-step strips 1 and the second-step strips 2 are correspondingly divided into dip pillars and ore rooms.

[0037] S2: Development and cutting engineering:

[0038] S2.1: A crosscut along the dip of the ore body 5 is arranged along the footwall of the ore body 4, and multiple ore-drawing headings 9 are arranged near the footwall of the ore body 4. One end of the ore-drawing heading 9 is close to the footwall of the ore body 4 and is connected to the first-step strip 1 and the second-step strip 2, and the other end is connected to the crosscut along the dip of the sublevel 5.

[0039] S2.2: A drift connection for drilling is opened in the drift passing through the dip pillar. Among them, the dip pillar corresponding to the first-step strip 1 is the first-step strip dip pillar 3, and the dip pillar corresponding to the second-step strip 2 is the second-step strip dip pillar 12. Drift connections for drilling 6 are correspondingly opened for both; the end of the drift connection for drilling 6 is located on the hanging wall of the ore body 4. A strip-shaped drilling drift 10 is arranged along the dip of the ore body 4 on the hanging wall of the ore body 4, and the strip-shaped drilling drift 10 is connected to the drift connection for drilling 6.

[0040] S2.3: Cut-through raises 7 are arranged in the first-step strip 1 and the second-step strip 2 and blasted to expand the rib on both sides to form a cut 8.

[0041] S3: Stoping work: Blasting down for ore extraction is carried out in the strip-shaped drilling drift 10 on the hanging wall of the ore body 4. First, the metallic ore in the first-step strip 1 is mined, and then the metallic ore in the second-step strip 2 is mined. The stoping sequence is from bottom to top, and it is transported and concentrated by the ore-drawing heading 9 and transported out through the crosscut along the dip of the sublevel 5.

[0042] S4: Filling operation: When the extraction distance of the first-step strip 1 reaches the preset distance, cemented filling is carried out on the mined first-step strip 1. Specifically, it is necessary to arrange filling retaining walls in the ore-drawing drift 9, and lay filling pipelines through the crossheading in the rock-drilling drift 6 to carry out articulated filling on the mined first-step strip 1; when the extraction distance of the second-step strip 2 reaches the preset distance, non-cemented filling is used for the mined second-step strip 2, and its filling process is the same as that of the first-step strip 1.

[0043] In this embodiment, adjacent first-step strip 1 and second-step strip 2 transfer metal ores from the same ore-drawing drift 9. Specifically, when the extraction of the first-step strip 1 is completed, the top is brushed (that is, after blasting the roof of the ore-drawing drift 9 corresponding to the first-step strip 1, the bottom plate is raised with the fallen crushed stones) to form the ore-drawing drift 9 of the second-step strip 2. One of the adjacent ore-drawing drifts 9 undertakes the upper two strips (the first-step strip 1 and the second-step strip 2), and the other undertakes the lower two strips, forming a staggered layout structure.

[0044] In this embodiment, the section includes two first-step strips 1 and two second-step strips 2.

[0045] In this embodiment, in step S3, a flat bottom structure is constructed in the ore chamber, and fan-shaped medium-deep blasting holes are drilled downward in the strip rock-drilling drift 10 for blasting and ore drawing.

[0046] In this embodiment, in step S3, a remote-controlled load-haul-dump machine is used for ore drawing, and the metal ores are transported to the sectional drift 11 by a mining truck and discharged to the crosscut along the vein in the middle section through an ore chute.

[0047] In this embodiment, the sectional height is 15 m, and a dip pillar is set every 100 m along the dip of the ore body 4, and the width of the dip pillar is 16 - 20 m.

[0048] In this embodiment, the gradient of the ore-drawing drift 9 is 10% - 12%.

[0049] In this embodiment, in step S2.3, the cut groove 8 in the first-step strip 1 is arranged close to the dip pillar side where the crossheading in the rock-drilling drift of the second-step strip is located, and the cut groove 8 in the second-step strip 2 is close to the dip pillar side where the crossheading in the rock-drilling drift of the first-step strip is located.

[0050] In this embodiment, after the first-step strip 1 and the second-step strip 2 are mined and filled, the crossheading in the rock-drilling drift 6 can be used as an access drift to mine the dip pillar.

[0051] In some other embodiments, after the first-step strip 1 is filled, a roadway is excavated in the filling body as the crossheading in the rock-drilling drift 6 of the second-step strip 2, and the roof of the passage is the supported rock mass.

[0052] In some other embodiments, the roof of the strip heading 10 is supported by cable bolts according to the stability of the ore and rock.

[0053] In some other embodiments, the dip pillar can be mined by downward medium-deep hole caving or upward drift slicing. Due to stress concentration in the dip pillar, roof management needs to be strengthened during subsequent slicing mining.

[0054] Application Example

[0055] The above embodiments are applied to mining in a certain metal mine. The ore body 4 has an inclination angle of 23° and a thickness of 8 m, being a typical gently inclined medium-thick ore body 4 with a length of about 600 m, and the stability of the ore and rock is poor.

[0056] Specifically, the slice height is 15 m, a dip pillar is set every 100 m along the dip of the ore body 4, and the width of the dip pillar is 20 m. The first-step strip 1 and the second-step strip 2 are the same, with a length of 90 m and a width of 8 m.

[0057] Granular ammonium nitrate explosive is selected as the explosive, multiple rows of blast holes are detonated at one time, and ore is caved by retreating lateral blasting.

[0058] In the description of the present invention, it should be understood that the orientation or positional relationship indicated by the terms "longitudinal", "transverse", "upper", "lower", "front", "rear", "left", "right", "vertical", "horizontal", "top", "bottom", "inner", "outer", etc. is based on the orientation or positional relationship shown in the drawings, and is only for the convenience of describing the present invention, rather than indicating or implying that the device or element referred to must have a specific orientation, be constructed and operated in a specific orientation, and thus cannot be construed as a limitation to the present invention.

[0059] The embodiments described above are only descriptions of the preferred modes of the present invention, and do not limit the scope of the present invention. Without departing from the design spirit of the present invention, various deformations and improvements made by those of ordinary skill in the art to the technical solutions of the present invention should fall within the protection scope determined by the claims of the present invention.

Claims

1. A continuous mining method for downward medium-deep holes with a strip-shaped flat bottom structure, characterized in that, It includes the following steps: S1: Ore block layout and constituent elements: The ore body (4) is divided into several sublevels along the dip of the ore body (4), and each sublevel is divided into several first-step strips (1) and second-step strips (2). The first-step strips (1) and the second-step strips (2) are arranged crosswise, and both the first-step strips (1) and the second-step strips (2) are correspondingly divided into dip pillars and ore rooms. S2: Development and cut-off engineering: S2.1: A crosscut along the ore body dip is arranged in the footwall of the ore body (4). A plurality of ore-drawing drifts (9) are arranged near the footwall of the ore body (4). One end of the ore-drawing drift (9) is close to the footwall of the ore body (4) and communicates with the first-step strips (1) and the second-step strips (2), and the other end communicates with the crosscut along the ore body dip (5). S2.2: A drilling drift connection roadway (6) is opened through the dip pillar. The end of the drilling drift connection roadway (6) is located in the hanging wall of the ore body (4). A strip drilling drift (10) is arranged along the dip of the ore body (4) in the hanging wall of the ore body (4). The strip drilling drift (10) communicates with the drilling drift connection roadway (6). S2.3: Cut-through raises (7) are arranged in the first-step strips (1) and the second-step strips (2), and the sides are blasted to expand the cut to form a cut-through slot (8). S3: Stoping work: Blasting down for ore extraction is carried out in the strip drilling drift (10) in the hanging wall of the ore body (4). First, the metallic ore in the first-step strips (1) is mined, and then the metallic ore in the second-step strips (2) is mined. The stoping sequence is from bottom to top, and the ore is transported and concentrated through the ore-drawing drifts (9) to the crosscut along the ore body dip (5) and then transported out. S2.3: Filling work: When the stoping distance of the first-step strips (1) reaches the preset distance, the mined first-step strips (1) are cemented filled. When the stoping distance of the second-step strips (2) reaches the preset distance, the mined second-step strips (2) are filled with non-cemented filling.

2. The continuous mining method for downward medium-deep holes with a strip-shaped flat bottom structure according to claim 1, characterized in that, The adjacent first-step strips (1) and second-step strips (2) transport the metallic ore from the same ore-drawing drift (9).

3. A continuous mining method for downward medium-deep holes with a strip-shaped flat bottom structure according to claim 1, characterized in that Each sublevel includes two first-step strips (1) and two second-step strips (2).

4. A continuous mining method for downward medium-deep holes with a strip-shaped flat bottom structure according to claim 1, characterized in that, In step S3, a flat bottom structure is constructed in the ore room, and fan-shaped holes are opened downward in the strip drilling drift (10) for blasting down for ore extraction.

5. A continuous mining method for downward medium-deep holes with a strip-shaped flat bottom structure according to claim 1, characterized in that, In step S3, a remote-controlled load-haul-dump is used for ore extraction. The metallic ore is transported by a mining truck to the sublevel roadway (11) and then lowered through an ore chute to the crosscut along the ore body dip (5) for transportation out.

6. The continuous mining method for downward medium-deep holes with a strip-shaped flat bottom structure according to claim 1, characterized in that, The sublevel height is 15 m, and a dip pillar is set every 100 m along the dip of the ore body (4). The width of the dip pillar is 16 - 20 m.

7. A continuous mining method for downward medium-deep holes with a strip-shaped flat bottom structure according to claim 1, characterized in that, The gradient of the ore-drawing drift (9) is 10% - 12%.

8. A continuous mining method for downward medium-deep holes with a strip-shaped flat bottom structure according to claim 1, characterized in that In step S2.3, the cut-through slot (8) in the first-step strip (1) is arranged close to the dip pillar side where the drilling drift connection roadway (6) in the second-step strip is located, and the cut-through slot (8) in the second-step strip (2) is arranged close to the dip pillar side where the drilling drift connection roadway (6) in the first-step strip is located.

9. The continuous mining method for downward medium-deep holes with a strip-shaped flat bottom structure according to claim 1, characterized in that, After the first-step strips (1) and the second-step strips (2) are stoped and filled, the drilling drift connection roadway (6) can be used as an access drift to mine the dip pillar.

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