Method and device for cleaning virtual slag at bottom of TBM (Tunnel Boring Machine) tunnel

Abstract

The invention discloses a TBM tunnel bottom virtual slag cleaning method and device, the device comprises a slag cleaning device, the slag cleaning device comprises a three-slope shovel head, a main bin body and a jacking system, the main bin body is of an arched cavity structure with an opening in the upper portion; a jacking system is installed on a shell on the rear side of the main bin body. The jacking system comprises a plurality of long-range hydraulic oil cylinders, the long-range hydraulic oil cylinders extend synchronously, the rear ends of the long-range hydraulic oil cylinders are used for abutting against the front side wall of the installed prefabricated inverted arch block to serve as supports, and in the extending process, counter-acting force pushes the slag removing device to move forwards. The rear end of the three-slope type shovel head is axially connected with the front end of the main bin body; in the forward moving process, the three-slope type shovel head is used for pushing and shoveling up virtual slag, and a space where the prefabricated inverted arch block is to be installed is formed by the three-slope type shovel head and the installed prefabricated inverted arch block behind the cleaning device. The slag is shoveled through pushing and is conveyed to the hopper to be lifted out, so that the virtual slag at the bottom of the TBM tunnel is quickly cleaned, and a large amount of manpower is saved.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present invention belongs to the technical field of tunnel engineering construction, and particularly relates to a method and device for cleaning the loose slag at the bottom of a TBM tunnel. Background Art

[0002] TBM (Tunnel Boring Machine) has significant advantages in tunnel boring, such as high construction safety, fast boring speed, and low labor intensity. During the tunneling process of a TBM tunnel in hard rock strata, due to large deformations and rock burst problems caused by high in-situ stresses, the exposed surrounding rock behind the cutter head loosens, breaks, and drops slag, forming loose slag at the bottom of the tunnel. It must be cleaned up before installing precast invert blocks. At the same time, due to the compact design of the TBM complete set of equipment and the narrow clearance space, usually 7 - 8 people are required to quickly clean it manually within 40 minutes to ensure the timely installation of precast invert blocks and the timely follow-up of subsequent construction to match the tunneling speed. Summary of the Invention

[0003] The purpose of the present invention is to provide a method and device for cleaning the loose slag at the bottom of a TBM tunnel. By pushing and shoveling the slag and conveying it to a hopper for lifting out, the rapid cleaning of the loose slag at the bottom of the TBM tunnel is achieved, and a large amount of manpower is saved.

[0004] The present invention adopts the following technical solutions: A device for cleaning the loose slag at the bottom of a TBM tunnel, characterized in that it includes a slag cleaning device. The slag cleaning device includes a three-slope shovel head, a main bin body, and a jacking system, where:

[0005] The main bin body is an arched cavity structure with an open upper part. Among them, its lower bottom plate is an arched shape protruding downward, and the lower bottom plate is arranged in the left-right direction; a jacking system is installed on the rear side shell of the main bin body.

[0006] The jacking system includes multiple long-range hydraulic cylinders. The front ends of each long-range hydraulic cylinder are vertically connected to the rear side shell of the main bin body, and the multiple long-range hydraulic cylinders are arranged at intervals along the outer contour of the rear side shell of the main bin body.

[0007] Each long-range hydraulic cylinder extends synchronously, and the rear end is used to abut against the front side wall of the precast invert block that has been installed as a support. During the extension process, the reaction force pushes the slag cleaning device forward.

[0008] The three-slope shovel head is axially connected to the front end of the main bin body at the rear end. Its upper wall surface is a longitudinal slope shape that is low at the front end and high at the rear end from front to back, and the rear end of the upper wall surface is flush with the upper end of the main bin body; its lower wall surface is arched and fits the inner contour of the bottom of the tunnel excavation chamber. During the forward movement of the three-slope shovel head, it is used to push and lift the loose slag, and a space for installing a precast invert block is formed between the rear of the cleaning device and the precast invert block that has been installed.

[0009] Further, the upper wall surface of the three-slope shovel head is divided into three zones in the left-right direction. A rectangular groove with a rear-end through opening is provided in the middle zone, and space slopes are arranged on both the left and right sides of the groove.

[0010] A conveyor belt consistent with its running direction is arranged in the groove. The conveyor belt can slide back and forth in the groove for conveying the shoveled loose slag to the rear main bin.

[0011] Further, the space slopes on both the left and right sides are lower on the side close to the groove, forming an inclined surface with a higher outer side and a lower side close to the groove. Here, the side close to the groove is the inner side, and the side far from the groove is the outer side.

[0012] Further, a loose slag hopper is arranged in the main bin. The shape of the loose slag hopper is consistent with the shape of the inner cavity of the main bin; the upper edge of its upper end is lower than the upper edge of the main bin.

[0013] The present invention also discloses a method for cleaning loose slag of the above-mentioned TBM tunnel bottom loose slag cleaning device, and the method includes the following steps:

[0014] Step S1, positioning the cleaning device:

[0015] In the tunnel excavation chamber where the first precast inverted arch block has been installed, clean the bottom of the tunnel excavation chamber in front of the first precast inverted arch block, and place the slag cleaning device on the cleaned bottom.

[0016] Step S2, preparation before shoveling:

[0017] The integrated control board controls the conveyor belt to slide backward and upward, so that the rear end of the conveyor belt extends into the loose slag hopper.

[0018] Step S3, pushing and shoveling slag:

[0019] Under the control of the integrated control board, each long-range hydraulic cylinder extends backward, and the rear end abuts against the front side wall of the installed first precast inverted arch block. Each long-range hydraulic cylinder continuously extends backward, generating a forward reaction force to push the whole slag cleaning device forward. The three-slope shovel head moves forward, pushing and shoveling the loose slag in front until the space for the forward movement of the slag cleaning device meets the requirement for installing the second inverted arch precast block. The shoveled loose slag converges on the conveyor belt.

[0020] Step S4, discharging the loose slag into the hopper:

[0021] The conveyor belt moves backward and upward to transport the loose slag shoveled by the three-slope shovel head into the loose slag hopper; after the transportation is completed, the conveyor belt stops.

[0022] Step S5, installing the second inverted arch precast block:

[0023] The integrated control board controls each long-range hydraulic cylinder to contract forward. Through hoisting, the second inverted arch precast block is installed in the space behind the slag cleaning device and is closely attached to the first inverted arch precast block.

[0024] Step S6: Repeat steps S3 - S5 to install the next inverted arch precast block until the installation of all inverted arch precast blocks is completed.

[0025] The beneficial effects of the present invention are as follows: 1. A three-slope shovel head is provided at the bottom of the tunnel excavation chamber. During the forward movement of the three-slope shovel head, the loose slag in front is shoveled up, eliminating the need for manual shoveling, saving manpower, and improving the cleaning speed of the loose slag at the bottom of the tunnel. 2. The loose slag shoveled up by the three-slope shovel head is conveyed into the loose slag hopper through the conveyor belt, without the need for manual participation, saving manpower. 3. Through the cooperation of the jacking system with the already installed precast inverted arch blocks, power is provided for the cleaning device to move forward, eliminating the need for additional travel tracks and power systems, and being suitable for complex construction sites. 4. A space for the precast inverted arch block to be installed is continuously and quickly formed behind the cleaning device and the already installed precast inverted arch blocks, enabling the rapid installation of the precast inverted arch blocks and realizing rapid and coherent construction. Description of the Drawings

[0026] Figure 1 It is a schematic overall view of the loose slag cleaning device at the bottom of the TBM tunnel;

[0027] Figure 2 It is a schematic exploded view of the loose slag cleaning device at the bottom of the TBM tunnel;

[0028] Figure 3 It is an assembled perspective view of the loose slag cleaning device at the bottom of the TBM tunnel;

[0029] Figure 4 It is a schematic implementation view of the loose slag cleaning device at the bottom of the TBM tunnel Figure 1 ;

[0030] Figure 5 It is a schematic implementation view of the loose slag cleaning device at the bottom of the TBM tunnel Figure 2 ;

[0031] Figure 6 It is a schematic implementation view of the loose slag cleaning device at the bottom of the TBM tunnel Figure 3 ;

[0032] Figure 7 It is a schematic implementation view of the loose slag cleaning device at the bottom of the TBM tunnel Figure 4 ;

[0033] Figure 8 It is a schematic implementation view of the loose slag cleaning device at the bottom of the TBM tunnel Figure 5 .

[0034] Wherein: 1. slag cleaning device; 1-1. three-slope shovel head; 1-2. conveyor belt; 1-3. main bin body; 1-4. loose slag hopper; 1-5. jacking system; 1-6. integrated control board; 2. loose slag; 3. precast inverted arch block; 3-1. first precast inverted arch block; 3-2. second precast inverted arch block; 4. tunnel excavation chamber. Detailed implementation manners

[0035] The present invention will be described in detail below in conjunction with the accompanying drawings and specific implementation manners.

[0036] During the tunnel excavation process, the slag blocks that fall loose from the exposed surrounding rock behind the TBM cutterhead accumulate at the bottom of the tunnel to form loose slag 2, which affects the installation of the precast inverted arch block 3 and needs to be quickly and timely cleaned. The precast inverted arch block 3 is an arch-shaped block that bulges downward. The upper wall surface of the arch-shaped block is a horizontal plane, and the lower wall surface is an arc surface, which matches the contour of the tunnel excavation chamber 4 and is used to quickly form the filling at the bottom of the tunnel to form a flat ground. The first precast inverted arch block 3-1 and the second precast inverted arch block 3-2 represent the inverted arch blocks installed successively. The tunnel excavation chamber 4 is an underground chamber formed by the tunneling of the TBM equipment, and its cross-section is a perfect circle. The loose slag 2 is not compacted, so it can be shoveled up.

[0037] The present invention discloses a device for cleaning loose slag at the bottom of a TBM tunnel, as Figures 1-3 shown, including: a slag cleaning device 1, and the slag cleaning device 1 includes: a three-slope shovel head 1-1, a conveyor belt 1-2, a main bin body 1-3, a loose slag hopper 1-4, a jacking system 1-5 and an integrated control board 1-6, wherein:

[0038] The main bin body 1-3 is an arch-shaped cavity structure with an open upper part. Among them, its lower bottom plate is an arch that bulges downward at the bottom, and the lower bottom plate is arranged in the left-right direction; a jacking system 1-5 is installed on the rear shell of the main bin body 1-3.

[0039] The loose slag hopper 1-4 is arranged in the main bin body 1-3, and its shape is consistent with that of the main bin body 1-3. The upper edge of its upper end is lower than the upper edge of the main bin body 1-3; a rectangular notch is provided at the upper edge of the loose slag hopper 1-4 at the groove, which matches the cross-sectional size of the conveyor belt 1-2. When the conveyor belt 1-2 slides, the rear end is stuck on the rectangular notch and extends into the loose slag hopper 1-4; lifting handles are arranged at the four corners of the top of the loose slag hopper 1-4 for connecting lifting ropes for lifting.

[0040] The three-slope shovel head 1-1 is located at the front end of the main bin body 1-3. Its rear end is axially connected to the front end of the main bin body 1-3. Its upper wall surface is longitudinally sloped from front to back with the front end lower and the rear end higher, and the rear end of the upper wall surface is flush with the upper end of the main bin body 1-3. Its lower wall surface is arched and fits the inner contour of the bottom of the tunnel excavation chamber 4. The front end of the three-slope shovel head 1-1 is in a circular arc shape protruding forward. During the forward movement of the three-slope shovel head 1-1, it is used to push and shovel the loose muck 2, and forms a space for the precast inverted arch block to be installed behind the cleaning device and in front of the already installed precast inverted arch block 3. The inclination angle of the three-slope shovel head 1-1 is about 35°, which is convenient for shoveling the loose muck 2. During the process of shoveling the loose muck 2, it is not necessary to completely shovel it up. The loose muck 2 that cannot be shoveled up is pushed forward. The purpose is to form a clean bottom area behind the main bin body 1-3 so that the precast inverted arch block 3 can be installed quickly.

[0041] The upper wall surface of the three-slope shovel head 1-1 is divided into three areas in the left-right direction. A rectangular groove with a rear-end through hole is provided in the middle area, and space slopes are on both sides of the groove. A conveyor belt 1-2 consistent with its running direction is arranged in the groove; the conveyor belt 1-2 can slide back and forth in the groove. The outer sides of the space slopes on both sides are high and the sides close to the groove are low, that is, they are all inclined towards the groove side, so that the shoveled loose muck gathers towards the groove side. The side close to the groove is the inner side and the side far from the groove is the outer side. The inclination angle of the space slope is set to about 10°, and the loose muck shoveled by the space slope will gather towards the conveyor belt 1-2.

[0042] The conveyor belt 1-2 is a conventional design composed of a frame, rollers and a belt. Specifically, a telescopic conveyor belt is used. Its front end is a fixed section, and the rear sliding section is slidably connected to the front fixed section. When transporting the shoveled loose muck 2 backward, the sliding section slides backward, the rear end is placed on the rectangular notch and extends into the loose muck hopper 1-4 to transport the shoveled loose muck 2 to the loose muck hopper 1-4. The conveyor belt 1-2 can slide in the groove under the control of the integrated control board 1-6, and is used to transport the loose muck 2 close to the bottom to a higher place and into the loose muck hopper 1-4, thus saving manpower and improving efficiency.

[0043] The main bin body 1-3 is formed by welding steel plates and is connected to the three-slope shovel bucket 1-1 as a whole. Its cross-sectional dimension and shape are the same as those of the precast inverted arch block 3.

[0044] A plurality of holes are provided in the rear shell of the main bin body 1-3. As a specific embodiment, four holes can be provided. The four holes are on the rear shell and are arranged at intervals along the outer contour for installing the jacking system 1-5. The jacking system 1-5 includes four long-range hydraulic cylinders. One long-range hydraulic cylinder is installed in each hole, and an enlarged foot pad is provided at the rear end of each long-range hydraulic cylinder. Each long-range hydraulic cylinder is connected to the integrated control board 1-6. Under the control of the integrated control board 1-6, the four long-range hydraulic cylinders extend synchronously and push against the pre-installed precast inverted arch block 3, generating a reaction force to push the slag cleaning device 1 forward as a whole.

[0045] The integrated control board 1-6 adopts a foot-operated button control board, which can control the sliding in or out of the conveyor belt 1-2, as well as start or stop, and is also used to control the extension or contraction of the jacking system 1-5.

[0046] The present invention also discloses a slag cleaning method for the above-mentioned TBM tunnel bottom void slag cleaning device, as Figures 4-8 shown, the method includes the following steps:

[0047] Step S1, positioning the cleaning device:

[0048] In the tunnel excavation chamber 4 where the first precast inverted arch block 3-1 has been installed, clean the bottom of the tunnel excavation chamber 4 in front of the first precast inverted arch block 3-1, and the cleaning space is sufficient to place the slag cleaning device 1. Place the slag cleaning device 1 on the cleaned bottom;

[0049] Step S2, preparation before shoveling:

[0050] The integrated control board 1-6 controls the conveyor belt 1-2 to slide backward and upward, so that the rear end of the conveyor belt 1-2 extends into the void slag hopper 1-4;

[0051] Step S3, jacking and shoveling slag:

[0052] Under the control of the integrated control board 1-6, each long-range hydraulic cylinder extends backward, and the rear end abuts against the front side wall of the pre-installed first precast inverted arch block 3-1. Each long-range hydraulic cylinder continuously extends backward, generating a forward reaction force to push the slag cleaning device 1 forward as a whole. The three-slope shovel head 1-1 pushes and shovels up the front void slag until the forward movement space of the slag cleaning device 1 meets the requirement for installing the second inverted arch precast block 3-2. The shoveled void slag converges on the conveyor belt 1-2.

[0053] Step S4, discharging void slag into the hopper:

[0054] The integrated control board 1-6 controls the conveyor belt 1-2 to move backward and upward, and transports the void slag 2 shoveled by the three-slope shovel head 1-1 into the void slag hopper 1-4; after the transportation is completed, the integrated control board 1-6 controls the conveyor belt 1-2 to stop;

[0055] Step S5. Install the second inverted arch precast block 3-2:

[0056] The integrated control board 1-6 controls each long-range hydraulic cylinder to contract forward. Through hoisting, the second inverted arch precast block 3-2 is installed in the space behind the slag cleaning device 1;

[0057] Step S6. Repeat steps S3 - S5 to install the next inverted arch precast block until the installation of all inverted arch precast blocks is completed;

[0058] Step S7. Transport the loose slag 2 out:

[0059] After installing multiple inverted arch precast blocks 3, the loose slag hopper 1-4 is filled with loose slag 2.

[0060] At this time, the integrated control board 1-6 controls the conveyor belt 1-2 to "slide into" the slope groove of the three-slope shovel head 1-1, and the end of the conveyor belt 1-2 is withdrawn from the loose slag hopper 1-4; Connect the lifting ropes to the lifting handles at the four corners of the top of the loose slag hopper 1-4, lift the loose slag hopper 1-4, transport the loose slag 2 out, and after cleaning, place the loose slag hopper 1-4 back into the middle pit of the main bin body 1-3.

[0061] Step S8. Continuously operate:

[0062] As the TBM tunnel continues to advance, repeat steps S2 - S7 to continuously clean the loose slag 2 and install the precast inverted arch blocks 3.

[0063] In the present invention, a slag cleaning method for a TBM tunnel bottom slag cleaning device is adopted. The three-slope shovel head 1-1 is advanced by the jacking system 1-5 to shovel the slag, and then the loose slag 2 is transported into the loose slag hopper 1-4 by the conveyor belt 1-2 and finally lifted out, which improves the cleaning speed of the loose slag 2 at the tunnel bottom. At the same time, a space for installing the precast inverted arch block is quickly formed behind the cleaning device and the precast inverted arch block 3 that has been installed, which can quickly install and ensure the precast inverted arch block, realizing rapid and coherent construction.

Claims

1. A device for cleaning the loose slag at the bottom of a TBM tunnel, characterized in that, It includes a slag cleaning device (1), and the slag cleaning device (1) includes a three-slope shovel head (1-1), a main bin body (1-3), and a jacking system (1-5), where: The main bin body (1-3) is an arched cavity structure with an open upper part. Among them, its lower bottom plate is an arched shape protruding downward to the bottom, and the lower bottom plate is arranged in the left-right direction; the jacking system (1-5) is installed on the rear shell of the main bin body (1-3); The jacking system (1-5) includes multiple long-range hydraulic cylinders. The front ends of each long-range hydraulic cylinder are perpendicularly connected to the rear shell of the main bin body (1-3), and the multiple long-range hydraulic cylinders are arranged at intervals along the outer contour of the rear shell of the main bin body (1-3); Each long-range hydraulic cylinder extends synchronously, and the rear end is used to abut against the front side wall of the precast inverted arch block (3) that has been installed as a support. During the extension process, the reaction force pushes the slag cleaning device (1) forward; The three-slope shovel head (1-1) has its rear end axially connected to the front end of the main bin body (1-3). Its upper wall surface is a longitudinal slope shape that is low at the front and high at the rear from front to back, and the rear end of the upper wall surface is flush with the upper end of the main bin body (1-3); its lower wall surface is arched and fits the inner contour of the bottom of the tunnel excavation chamber (4); during the forward movement of the three-slope shovel head (1-1), it is used to push and lift the loose slag (2), and forms a space for the precast inverted arch block to be installed behind the cleaning device and the precast inverted arch block (3) that has been installed.

2. The TBM tunnel bottom muck cleaning device according to claim 1, wherein, The upper wall surface of the three-slope shovel head (1-1) is divided into three zones in the left-right direction. A rectangular groove that penetrates through the rear end is opened in the middle area, and space slopes are on both sides of the groove; A conveyor belt (1-2) consistent with its running direction is arranged in the groove. The conveyor belt (1-2) can slide back and forth in the groove and is used to convey the lifted loose slag (2) to the rear main bin body (1-3).

3. The TBM tunnel bottom muck cleaning device according to claim 2, characterized in that, The space slopes on the left and right sides are low on the side close to the groove, forming an inclined surface with a high outer side and a low side close to the groove.

4. The TBM tunnel bottom muck cleaning device according to claim 3, characterized in that, Furthermore, a loose slag hopper (1-4) is arranged in the main bin body (1-3), and the shape of the loose slag hopper (1-4) is consistent with the shape of the inner cavity of the main bin body (1-3); The upper edge of its upper end is lower than the upper edge of the main bin body (1-3).

5. The muck cleaning method of a muck cleaning device for the bottom of a TBM tunnel according to any one of claims 1-4, characterized in that, This method includes the following steps: Step S1, the cleaning device is in place: In the tunnel excavation chamber (4) where the first precast inverted arch block (3-1) has been installed, the bottom of the tunnel excavation chamber (4) in front of the first precast inverted arch block (3-1) is cleaned, and the slag cleaning device (1) is placed on the cleaned bottom; Step S2, preparation before shoveling: The integrated control board (1-6) controls the conveyor belt (1-2) to slide backward and upward, so that the rear end of the conveyor belt (1-2) extends into the loose slag hopper (1-4); Step S3, jacking and shoveling slag: Under the control of the integrated control board (1-6), each long-range hydraulic cylinder extends backward, and the rear end abuts against the front side wall of the already installed first precast inverted arch block (3-1). Each long-range hydraulic cylinder continues to extend backward, generating a forward reaction force to push the slag cleaning device (1) forward as a whole. The three-slope shovel head (1-1) moves forward to push and shovel the loose slag in front until the space for the forward movement of the slag cleaning device (1) meets the requirement for installing the second inverted arch precast block (3-2). The shoveled loose slag (2) converges on the conveyor belt (1-2). Step S4: Loose slag (2) enters the hopper The conveyor belt (1-2) moves backward and upward to transport the loose slag (2) shoveled by the three-slope shovel head (1-1) into the loose slag hopper (1-4). After the transportation is completed, the conveyor belt (1-2) stops. Step S5: Install the second inverted arch precast block (3-2) The integrated control board (1-6) controls each long-range hydraulic cylinder to contract forward. Through hoisting, the second inverted arch precast block (3-2) is installed in the space behind the slag cleaning device (1) and abuts closely against the first inverted arch precast block (3-1). Step S6: Repeat steps S3 - S5 to install the next inverted arch precast block until the installation of all inverted arch precast blocks is completed.

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