Tunnel construction trolley and construction method

Abstract

The invention relates to a tunnel construction trolley and a construction method. A trolley body comprises a lower layer rack, a middle layer rack, an upper layer rack, a trolley bracket and a vertical frame trolley which are sequentially connected from bottom to top to form a five-layer structure; any one of the middle-layer rack, the upper-layer rack and the trolley bracket can move along the longitudinal direction relative to the respective next layer, and any one layer can move to the front end extending out of the next layer; rock drills are arranged on the lower-layer rack, the middle-layer rack and the upper-layer rack; the vertical frame trolley can longitudinally move between the front end and the rear end of the trolley bracket; the vertical frame trolley can bear and jack the top arch frame to the top of the tunnel; an arch frame lifting device is arranged at the rear end of the lower-layer rack and used for lifting the top arch frame from the bottom of the tunnel and transferring the top arch frame to the vertical frame trolley; the trolley and the construction method can be used for drilling of three-step construction method construction and top arch frame erecting operation, manual operation is greatly reduced, and efficiency is higher; and the drilling machine is also suitable for micro-step and full-section drilling and top arch frame erecting operation.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present invention relates to the technical field of tunnel construction, and particularly relates to a tunnel construction jumbo and a construction method thereof. Background Art

[0002] In the prior art, during the tunnel excavation and support construction process, the drilling construction and the arch erection construction are usually completed by a three-boom rock drilling jumbo and a three-boom three-frame arch erector respectively. However, the three-boom rock drilling jumbo and the three-boom three-frame arch erector can only be applied to the full-face and micro-bench construction methods of the tunnel. When the tunnel surrounding rock suddenly changes and only the three-bench construction method can be used, the three-boom rock drilling jumbo and the three-boom three-frame arch erector are not applicable, and only manual drilling and erection operations can be adopted, resulting in low construction efficiency. Summary of the Invention

[0003] The object of the present invention is to provide a tunnel construction jumbo and a construction method thereof for solving the problem that in the prior art, the three-boom rock drilling jumbo and the three-boom three-frame arch erector are not applicable to the three-bench construction method of the tunnel, and only manual drilling and erection operations can be adopted, resulting in low construction efficiency.

[0004] According to the first aspect of the present invention, the present invention provides a tunnel construction jumbo, and the technical solution is as follows:

[0005] A tunnel construction jumbo includes a jumbo body, and the jumbo body includes a lower platform frame, a middle platform frame, an upper platform frame, a trolley bracket and an erection trolley which are connected in sequence from bottom to top, and the five form a five-layer structure; any one of the middle platform frame, the upper platform frame and the trolley bracket can move longitudinally relative to its lower layer, and any one can move to extend beyond the front end of the lower layer; rock drilling machines are provided on the lower platform frame, the middle platform frame and the upper platform frame; the erection trolley can move longitudinally between the front and rear ends of the trolley bracket; the erection trolley can carry and lift the top arch to the top of the tunnel; an arch lifting device is provided at the rear end of the lower platform frame, and the arch lifting device is used to lift the top arch from the bottom of the tunnel and transfer it to the erection trolley.

[0006] The present invention adopting the foregoing technical solution sets the trolley body as a multi-layer structure. When drilling construction of the tunnel three-step method is carried out, the trolley is located at the heading face. The middle bench moves out and extends to the front end of the lower bench and above the lower bench, and the upper bench and the trolley bracket move synchronously and extend to the front end of the middle bench and above the lower bench; the rock drill on the lower bench drills the holes of the lower bench, the rock drill on the middle bench drills the holes of the middle bench, and the rock drill on the upper bench drills the holes of the upper bench, thus completing the drilling operation; when erecting the arch, the top arch is lifted from the bottom of the tunnel and transferred to the erection trolley through the arch lifting device; the middle bench moves out and extends to the front end of the lower bench and above the lower bench, the upper bench moves out and extends to the front end of the middle bench and above the lower bench, the trolley bracket moves out and extends to the front end of the upper bench and above the middle bench, and the erection trolley moves to the front end of the trolley bracket. Then, the erection trolley jacks up the top arch to the top of the tunnel in place, thus completing the construction of the top arch.

[0007] Moreover, when the tunnel micro-step or full-face method construction is carried out, this construction trolley is also applicable; when the micro-step method drilling construction is carried out, the trolley is located at the heading face. The middle bench, the upper bench and the trolley bracket move synchronously and extend to the front end of the lower bench and above the lower bench; the rock drill on the lower bench drills the holes of the lower bench, and the rock drills on the middle bench and the upper bench drill the micro-step holes; when erecting the arch, the top arch is lifted from the bottom of the tunnel and transferred to the erection trolley through the arch lifting device; the middle bench moves out and extends to the front end of the lower bench and above the lower bench, the upper bench and the trolley bracket move synchronously and extend to the front end of the middle bench and above the lower bench, and the erection trolley moves to the front end of the trolley bracket. Then, the erection trolley jacks up the top arch to the top of the tunnel in place.

[0008] When the full-face method drilling construction is carried out, none of the layers extend. The trolley is located at the heading face. The rock drills on the lower bench, the middle bench and the upper bench drill the full-face holes; when erecting the arch, none of the layers extend. The top arch is lifted from the bottom of the tunnel and transferred to the erection trolley through the arch lifting device; the erection trolley moves to the front end of the trolley bracket. Then, the erection trolley jacks up the top arch to the top of the tunnel in place.

[0009] When the tunnel three-step method construction is carried out, the distance between the heading face of the lower bench and the heading face of the middle bench is relatively long. The extension of this section of the distance is completed by these two benches, namely the middle bench and the upper bench. With such a setting, through the cooperation of the middle bench and the upper bench, a sufficient long length is extended compared with the lower bench; compared with the scheme of setting the middle bench and the upper bench as a whole structure, when extending the same distance, the center of gravity of the structure of this application is closer to the lower bench, reducing the risk of the construction trolley tipping forward and collapsing, and improving the overall stability of the trolley structure.

[0010] Compared with the problem in the prior art that the three-boom rock drilling jumbo and the three-boom and three-frame arch erector are not applicable to the tunnel three-bench construction method and only manual drilling and arch erection operations can be adopted, resulting in low construction efficiency, the construction jumbo of the present invention can be used for drilling and top arch erection operations in the tunnel three-bench construction method, greatly reducing manual drilling and arch erection operations and having higher construction efficiency; moreover, the present construction jumbo can also be applicable to drilling and top arch erection operations in the micro-bench and full-face methods, and can switch the usage state accordingly according to the tunnel three-bench, micro-bench, and full-face construction methods, with a wide range of applications; compared with the solution of setting the middle bench and the upper bench as an integral structure, the risk of the construction jumbo tipping forward and collapsing is reduced, and the overall stability of the jumbo structure is improved.

[0011] Further, the arch erection trolley includes two jacking cross beams and two jacking longitudinal beams arranged between them. A plurality of carrier trolleys for the top arch are arranged on each jacking longitudinal beam. Both jacking cross beams are driven to lift based on one first jacking oil cylinder at each end; two bearing trolleys are arranged on each jacking cross beam, and both ends of each jacking longitudinal beam are carried by one bearing trolley; the top arch is placed on the carrier trolleys of the two jacking longitudinal beams, and the top arch can move on the jacking longitudinal beam with the carrier trolley to adjust the longitudinal position. The jacking longitudinal beam can move horizontally on the jacking cross beam with the bearing trolley, so as to realize the adjustment of the lateral position of the top arch. After the longitudinal and lateral positions of the top arch are adjusted in place, the first jacking oil cylinder drives the jacking cross beam to rise, so as to lift the top arch to the tunnel top.

[0012] Further, the arch lifting device includes one arch lifting unit arranged on each side of the rear end of the lower bench; any one arch lifting unit includes a lifting longitudinal beam, a translation longitudinal beam, a lifting longitudinal beam, a lifting device, at least two second jacking oil cylinders, and at least two vertical guide rails; the lower end of any one guide rail is located at the bottom of the lower bench, and the upper end extends out of the top of the lower bench; a lifting trolley is installed on any one guide rail; one end of the lifting longitudinal beam is fixed on the lifting trolley, and the other end extends backward out of the lower bench; a translation trolley is installed on the lifting longitudinal beam, and the translation longitudinal beam is fixed on the translation trolley; the lifting longitudinal beam is located inside the upper end of the guide rail and is driven to lift based on the second jacking oil cylinder located at the top of the lower bench; the lifting device is used to drive the lifting longitudinal beam to lift; by setting the arch lifting device with the above structure, it is used to lift the top arch from the tunnel bottom and transfer it to the arch erection trolley. The specific steps are as follows: first, lower the two lifting longitudinal beams to the lower end of the guide rail through the lifting device, move the translation longitudinal beam to the rear end of the lifting longitudinal beam, then place the top arch on the two translation longitudinal beams, then lift the lifting longitudinal beam to the upper end of the guide rail through the lifting device, then move the translation longitudinal beam to the front end of the lifting longitudinal beam, then jack up the lifting longitudinal beam through the second jacking oil cylinder, and jack up the top arch to a higher height through the lifting longitudinal beam. After that, move the arch erection trolley to below the top arch on the trolley bracket, and then lower the lifting longitudinal beam and the top arch through the second jacking oil cylinder, and place the top arch on the carrier trolley.

[0013] Furthermore, first lifting devices and first arch side jacking mechanisms are provided on both sides of the front ends of the lower bench, the middle bench, the upper bench, and both sides of the erection trolley; any one of the first arch side jacking mechanisms includes two first telescopic cross bars and a first longitudinal bar. The two first telescopic cross bars are arranged at the same height and parallel to each other. The telescopic ends of the first telescopic cross bars face outward, and the telescopic ends are hinged to the first longitudinal bar. According to different positions of the side arch erection in the three-step, micro-step, and full-section construction methods, different first lifting devices are selected to lift the side arch at the corresponding position. Then, the first telescopic cross bars extend to drive the first longitudinal bar to jack the side arch from the side until in place, and after fixation, the erection of the side arch is completed.

[0014] Furthermore, second lifting devices and second arch side jacking mechanisms are provided on both sides of the rear ends of the lower bench; any one of the second arch side jacking mechanisms includes two second telescopic cross bars and a second longitudinal bar. The two second telescopic cross bars are arranged at the same height and parallel to each other. The telescopic ends of the second telescopic cross bars face outward, and the telescopic ends are hinged to the second longitudinal bar. In order to further improve the erection construction efficiency of the side arch, second lifting devices and second arch side jacking mechanisms are provided on both sides of the rear ends of the lower bench. After the arch lifting device transfers the top arch to the erection trolley, the side arch adjacent to the top arch is lifted by the second lifting device and is supported by side jacking of the second arch side jacking mechanism. Subsequently, the top arch and the adjacent side arch are fixedly connected. After that, the top arch and the adjacent side arch move to the front end of the bracket together with the erection trolley. Finally, the erection trolley jacks the top arch and the adjacent side arch into place together; with such a setting, it is only necessary to transport the side arch adjacent to the top arch to the end position of the trolley, and there is no need to transport it to the heading face. The lifting and side jacking operation space at the end of the trolley is large, and the operation difficulty is small. After being connected to the top arch and moving with the erection trolley, it is more stable and fast. Generally, the erection time of the side arch is saved, and the construction efficiency is higher.

[0015] Furthermore, longitudinal slide rails are provided on the lower bench, the middle bench, and the upper bench; a base is fixedly connected to the rock drill, and the base is slidably installed on the slide rail; when drilling construction is carried out, the rock drill is slid forward to make it closer to the heading face, which is conducive to drilling construction; when drilling construction is not required, the rock drill is slid backward to avoid interference with construction such as erection and charging.

[0016] Furthermore, at least two legs are provided at the front ends of the middle bench, the upper bench, the trolley bracket, and the erection trolley, and the legs can be telescopically extended in the vertical direction; the legs are extended vertically to support on the steps to form support for the middle bench, the upper bench, the trolley bracket, and the erection trolley, ensuring the stability of the overall structure of the trolley.

[0017] According to a second aspect of the present invention, the present invention provides a construction method, which is implemented based on the above-mentioned tunnel construction jumbo and is used to perform the drilling construction and the erection construction of the top arch in the three-step method.

[0018] When performing the drilling construction, the jumbo is located at the tunnel face. The middle bench moves out from the front end of the lower bench to above the lower bench, and the upper bench and the trolley bracket move out from the front end of the middle bench to above the lower bench synchronously. The rock drill on the lower bench drills the holes in the lower bench, the rock drill on the middle bench drills the holes in the middle bench, and the rock drill on the upper bench drills the holes in the upper bench.

[0019] When performing the erection construction of the top arch, the jumbo is located at the tunnel face. The multi-piece top arch is lifted from the bottom of the tunnel and transferred to the erection trolley through the arch lifting device. The middle bench moves out from the front end of the lower bench to above the lower bench, the upper bench moves out from the front end of the middle bench to above the lower bench, the trolley bracket moves out from the front end of the upper bench to above the middle bench, and the erection trolley moves to the front end of the trolley bracket. Then, the erection trolley jacks up the multi-piece top arch to the tunnel top in place. Among them, the multi-piece top arches are arranged at intervals and are connected into a whole through an arc-shaped steel mesh.

[0020] By adopting the above construction method, it can be used for the drilling and the erection operation of the top arch in the tunnel three-step method construction, greatly reducing the manual drilling and erection operations and having higher construction efficiency. Moreover, it can complete the erection construction of multiple pieces of top arches at the same time. Compared with the prior art that each mechanical arm of the three-arm three-frame arch erector can only grab and install one arch at a time, the installation efficiency of the present invention is greatly improved. In addition, the multi-piece top arches are connected into a whole through the steel mesh, which is convenient for overall movement and has higher structural strength and stability after erection.

[0021] Furthermore, it is also used to perform the erection construction of the side arch in the three-step method, including the steps of lifting the side arch by the first lifting device and side-pushing the side arch in place by the first side-pushing mechanism for the arch. The auxiliary erection construction of the side arch is realized in the above way.

[0022] Further, it is also used for the erection construction of the side arch frames in the three-step construction method; the method includes the steps: after the arch frame lifting device transfers the top arch frame to the erection trolley, the side arch frames adjacent to both sides of the top arch frame are lifted by the second lifting device and are supported by the side top mechanism of the second arch frame. Subsequently, the top arch frame is fixedly connected to the adjacent side arch frames. After that, the top arch frame and the adjacent side arch frames move forward together with the erection trolley and are lifted in place by the erection trolley; the remaining side arch frames are lifted by the first lifting device and are side-topped in place by the side top mechanism of the first arch frame. By adopting the above-mentioned side arch frame erection construction method, it is only necessary to transport the side arch frames adjacent to the top arch frame to the end position of the trolley, and there is no need to transport them to the heading face. The lifting and side topping operation space at the end of the trolley is large, and the operation difficulty is small. After being connected to the top arch frame, it moves more smoothly and quickly with the erection trolley. Generally, the erection time of the side arch frames is saved, and the construction efficiency is higher.

[0023] Compared with the prior art, the beneficial effects of the present invention are as follows: the construction trolley of the present invention can be used for drilling and top arch frame erection operations in the tunnel three-step construction method, greatly reducing manual drilling and erection operations, and having higher construction efficiency; moreover, this construction trolley can also be applicable to drilling and top arch frame erection operations in the micro-step and full-section methods, and can switch the usage state accordingly according to the tunnel three-step, micro-step, and full-section construction methods, with a wide range of applications; compared with the scheme of setting the middle layer platform and the upper layer platform as an integral structure, the structure of this construction trolley reduces the risk of forward tilt and collapse, and improves the overall stability of the trolley structure; it can also assist in completing the erection construction of the side arch frames in the tunnel three-step, micro-step, and full-section construction methods; it can complete the erection construction of multiple top arch frames at the same time. Compared with the prior art in which each mechanical arm of the three-arm three-frame arch frame installation machine can only grab and install one arch frame at a time, the installation efficiency of the present invention is greatly improved. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0024] Figure 1 It is a schematic structural diagram of the present invention;

[0025] Figure 2 It is a front view of the present invention;

[0026] Figure 3 It is a schematic structural diagram of the erection trolley;

[0027] Figure 4 It is a schematic structural diagram of the trolley bracket;

[0028] Figure 5 It is a schematic structural diagram of the upper layer platform;

[0029] Figure 6 It is a schematic structural diagram of the middle layer platform;

[0030] Figure 7 It is a schematic structural diagram of the lower layer platform;

[0031] Figure 8 Schematic diagram of the extended states of each layer of the present invention during the drilling construction of the three - bench method;

[0032] Figure 9 Schematic diagram of the extended states of each layer of the present invention during the erection construction of the three - bench method;

[0033] Figure 10 Schematic diagram of the extended states of each layer of the present invention during the drilling construction of the micro - bench method;

[0034] Figure 11 Schematic diagram of the extended states of each layer of the present invention during the erection construction of the micro - bench method;

[0035] Figure 12 Schematic diagram of the extended states of each layer of the present invention during the drilling construction of the full - face method;

[0036] Figure 13 Schematic diagram of the extended states of each layer of the present invention during the erection construction of the full - face method.

[0037] Markings in the figure: 1 - lower bench, 2 - middle bench, 3 - upper bench, 4 - trolley bracket, 5 - erection trolley, 6 - rock drill, 7 - lifting crossbeam, 8 - lifting longitudinal beam, 9 - carrier trolley, 10 - first lifting oil cylinder, 11 - load - bearing trolley, 12 - lifting longitudinal beam, 13 - translation longitudinal beam, 14 - lifting longitudinal beam, 15 - lifting equipment, 16 - second lifting oil cylinder, 17 - guide rail, 18 - lifting trolley, 19 - translation trolley, 20 - first telescopic crossbar, 21 - first longitudinal rod, 22 - second lifting device, 23 - second telescopic crossbar, 24 - second longitudinal rod, 25 - slide rail, 26 - base, 27 - leg, 28 - sliding base, 29 - longitudinal beam. Detailed implementation manners

[0038] The following will describe the present invention in detail with reference to the accompanying drawings.

[0039] In order to make the objectives, technical solutions and advantages of the present invention more clear and understandable, the present invention will be further described in detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings and embodiments. It should be understood that the specific embodiments described herein are only used to explain the present invention and are not used to limit the present invention.

[0040] An embodiment of the present invention provides a tunnel construction jumbo, as Figures 1-7As shown in the figure, a tunnel construction jumbo includes a jumbo body, which consists of a lower bench 1, a middle bench 2, an upper bench 3, a trolley bracket 4, and an erecting trolley 5 connected in sequence from bottom to top. The combination of these five forms a five-layer structure. Any one of the middle bench 2, the upper bench 3, and the trolley bracket 4 can move longitudinally relative to its lower layer, and any one layer can move to extend beyond the front end of the lower layer. Rock drills 6 are provided on the lower bench 1, the middle bench 2, and the upper bench 3. The erecting trolley 5 can move longitudinally between the front and rear ends of the trolley bracket 4. The erecting trolley 5 can carry and lift the top arch to the top of the tunnel. At the rear end of the lower bench 1, there is an arch lifting device, which is used to lift the top arch from the bottom of the tunnel and transfer it to the erecting trolley 5.

[0041] The erecting trolley 5 can only move longitudinally between the front and rear ends of the trolley bracket 4 and cannot move beyond the front end of the trolley bracket 4. The relative movement between any two adjacent layers among the lower bench 1, the middle bench 2, the upper bench 3, the trolley bracket 4, and the erecting trolley 5 is achieved in the following way: A plurality of sliding bases 28 are fixedly provided at the bottom of the upper layer, or a plurality of sliding bases 28 are fixedly provided at the top of the lower layer, or a plurality of sliding bases 28 are fixedly provided at both the bottom of the upper layer and the top of the lower layer. The sliding bases 28 are slidably installed on the longitudinal beams 29 of the adjacent layer. Rollers are provided on the sliding bases 28 to reduce the friction when the adjacent two layers move relatively. By reasonably setting the positions of the rollers, the functions of supporting gravity and limiting can be achieved. The structural forms of the sliding bases 28 are diverse. Preferably, one structural form of the sliding base is: It is provided with a U-shaped groove opening upward or downward. The bottom surface of the U-shaped groove is provided with support rollers, and the two side surfaces are provided with limit rollers. The longitudinal beam 29 of the adjacent layer is embedded in the U-shaped groove. The power and driving method for the relative movement between adjacent two layers are not limited, as long as the relative translation between the two can be achieved. For example, a hydraulic drive system can be adopted, such as the way of pushing by a hydraulic jack, or an electric drive system can be adopted, such as the way of motor + gear rack, or a combined hydraulic and electric drive can be used.

[0042] The type of the rock drill 6 is not restricted, as long as it can perform drilling operations on the working face. In this embodiment, it can be a step rock drill (the step rock drill is a prior art, which is a mechanized rock drilling equipment used to replace manual rock drilling in tunnel construction. It is formed by arranging a manual shoulder-held pneumatic rock drill on a guide rail, and it can realize automated rock drilling with step-by-step propulsion through simple industrial control technology). Preferably, it is selected as the step rock drill in the invention patent with the authorized announcement number CN111119746B of the applicant. It can also be a rock drill formed by connecting a universal arm with a step rock drill, and the position and direction of the step rock drill in various working conditions can be adjusted through the universal arm. Preferably, it is selected as the tunnel construction rock drill with the authorized announcement number CN111155940B of the applicant.

[0043] The vertical frame trolley 5 includes two jacking cross beams 7 and two jacking longitudinal beams 8 arranged between them. A plurality of carrier trolleys 9 for the top arch frames are provided on each jacking longitudinal beam 8. Both of the two jacking cross beams 7 are driven to lift based on one first jacking oil cylinder 10 at each end; two bearing trolleys 11 are provided on each jacking cross beam 7, and both ends of each jacking longitudinal beam 8 are borne by one bearing trolley 11.

[0044] The arch frame lifting device includes one arch frame lifting unit on each of the two sides at the rear end of the lower platform 1. Any arch frame lifting unit includes a lifting longitudinal beam 12, a translation longitudinal beam 13, a lifting longitudinal beam 14, a lifting device 15, at least two second jacking oil cylinders 16 and at least two vertical guide rails 17; the lower end of any guide rail 17 is located at the bottom of the lower platform 1, and the upper end extends out of the top of the lower platform 1; a lifting trolley 18 is installed on any guide rail 17; one end of the lifting longitudinal beam 12 is fixed on the lifting trolley 18, and the other end extends backward out of the lower platform 1; a translation trolley 19 is installed on the lifting longitudinal beam 12, and the translation longitudinal beam 13 is fixed on the translation trolley 19; the lifting longitudinal beam 14 is located inside the upper end of the guide rail 17 and is driven to lift based on the second jacking oil cylinder 16 located at the top of the lower platform 1; the lifting device 15 is used to drive the lifting longitudinal beam 12 to lift; the specific type of the lifting device 15 is not limited, as long as it can drive the lifting longitudinal beam 12 to lift between the two ends of the guide rail 17. In this embodiment, the lifting device 15 is selected as a winch installed on the lower platform 1, and the lifting longitudinal beam 12 is lifted by cooperating with a pulley; the movement of the translation longitudinal beam 13 on the lifting longitudinal beam 12 is completed manually, or an oil cylinder is arranged between the translation longitudinal beam 13 and the lifting longitudinal beam 12.

[0045] First lifting devices and first arch frame side jacking mechanisms are provided on both sides of the front end of the lower platform 1, both sides of the front end of the middle platform 2, both sides of the front end of the upper platform 3, and both sides of the vertical frame trolley 5. Any first arch frame side jacking mechanism includes two first telescopic cross bars 20 and a first longitudinal bar 21. The two first telescopic cross bars 20 are set to be of equal height and parallel to each other. The telescopic ends of the first telescopic cross bars 20 face outward, and the telescopic ends are both hinged to the first longitudinal bar 21; the first lifting device can be a cantilever crane, a winch, etc., which are not shown in the figure; a pedal is fixedly lapped on the two first telescopic cross bars 20 of any first arch frame side jacking mechanism, facilitating workers to stand.

[0046] On both sides of the rear end of the lower bench 1, there are second hoisting devices 22 and second arch side jacking mechanisms; any one of the second arch side jacking mechanisms includes two second telescopic crossbars 23 and a second longitudinal bar 24. The two second telescopic crossbars 23 are set to be at the same height and parallel to each other. The telescopic ends of the second telescopic crossbars 23 face outwards and are both hinged to the second longitudinal bar 24; the second hoisting device 22 can be a cantilever crane, a winch, etc. In this embodiment, it is selected as a cantilever crane, which is provided with a 360° slewing base at the bottom, and its boom can pitch and flip and extend along the length direction; a pedal is fixedly lapped on the two second telescopic crossbars 23 of any one of the second arch side jacking mechanisms, which is convenient for workers to stand on.

[0047] On the lower bench 1, the middle bench 2 and the upper bench 3, there are longitudinal slide rails 25; a base 26 is fixedly connected to the rock drill 6, and the base 26 is slidably installed on the slide rail 25; the slide rail 25 is a steel beam; the front ends of the slide rails 25 on the lower bench 1, the middle bench 2 and the upper bench 3 are flush with the front ends of the lower bench 1, the middle bench 2 and the upper bench 3 respectively; the first arch side jacking mechanism and the base 26 on the lower bench 1 are both slidably installed on the slide rail 25 of the lower bench 1; when the rock drill 6 is the tunnel construction rock drill with the authorized announcement number CN111155940B of the applicant, the rear support of its universal arm is fixed on the base 26.

[0048] At least two legs 27 are provided at the front ends of the middle bench 2, the upper bench 3, the trolley bracket 4 and the vertical frame trolley 5, and the legs 27 can be telescoped vertically; one of the first lifting cylinders 10 on the vertical frame trolley 5 is connected to a leg 27, so that there are two legs 27 at the front end and the rear end of the vertical frame trolley respectively, and the support is more stable during erection; the lower bench 1, the middle bench 2, the upper bench 3 and the trolley bracket 4 are all of steel frame structures. As Figure 4 shown, the trolley bracket 4 is in a horizontal U shape with the opening facing rearward (i.e., facing the tunnel entrance), and includes two longitudinal beams 29 and a cross beam, and each of the front ends of the two longitudinal beams 29 is provided with a leg 27; as Figure 5 shown, the upper bench 3 includes 4 slide rails 25 arranged at intervals transversely. There is a longitudinal beam 29 between the two left slide rails, and another longitudinal beam 29 is provided between the two right slide rails. The 4 slide rails 25 and the 2 longitudinal beams 29 are connected by a number of cross beams, and a rock drill 6 is installed on each slide rail 25; as Figure 6 shown, the middle bench 2 includes 2 slide rails 25 arranged at intervals transversely. There are two longitudinal beams 29 between the 2 slide rails 25. The 2 slide rails 25 and the 2 longitudinal beams 29 are connected by a number of cross beams, and a rock drill 6 is installed on each slide rail 25; as Figure 7As shown, the lower bench 1 is integrally in an arch structure, with a passage formed at the bottom for personnel and vehicles to pass through. Tires are installed at the bottom of the lower bench 1 to facilitate the movement of the trolley. Three slide rails 25 are provided on one side of the lower bench 1, and two slide rails 25 are provided on the other side. A rock drill 6 is installed on each slide rail 25.

[0049] This embodiment also provides a construction method implemented based on the above tunnel construction trolley, which is used to perform drilling construction, erection construction of the top arch and side arch, and charging for the three-bench method.

[0050] As Figure 8 shown, when drilling construction is carried out, the trolley is located at the heading face. The middle bench 2 moves out from the front end of the lower bench 1 to above the lower bench, and the upper bench 3 and the trolley bracket 4 move out synchronously from the front end of the middle bench 2 to above the lower bench; the rock drills 6 all move to the front end of the slide rail 25. The rock drill 6 on the lower bench 1 drills the holes of the lower bench. Specifically, it drills the peripheral holes and bottom holes of the lower bench. The rock drill 6 on the middle bench 2 drills the holes of the middle bench. Specifically, it drills the peripheral holes, auxiliary holes, and cut holes of the middle bench. The rock drill 6 on the upper bench 3 drills the holes of the upper bench. Specifically, it drills the peripheral holes, auxiliary holes, and top holes of the upper bench.

[0051] As Figure 9 shown, when the erection construction of the top arch is carried out, the trolley is located at the heading face. Keep the rock drills 6 all at the rear end of the slide rail 25. Lift multiple sections of the top arch from the bottom of the tunnel and transfer them to the erection trolley 5 through the arch lifting device; the middle bench 2 moves out from the front end of the lower bench 1 to above the lower bench; the upper bench 3 moves out from the front end of the middle bench 2 to above the lower bench; the trolley bracket 4 moves out from the front end of the upper bench 3 to above the middle bench; the erection trolley 5 moves to the front end of the trolley bracket 4, and then the erection trolley 5 jacks up multiple sections of the top arch to the tunnel top in place.

[0052] When the erection construction and charging of the side arch are carried out, keep the position relationship of each layer during the erection construction of the aforementioned top arch, that is, as Figure 9 shown; when the erection construction of the side arch is carried out, lift the side arch through the first lifting device and side-top the side arch in place through the first side-top mechanism of the arch. Specifically, the first side-top mechanism of the lower bench 1 moves to the front end of the slide rail 25 and cooperates with the first lifting device on the lower bench 1 for the erection of the side arch of the lower bench. The first lifting devices and the first side-top mechanisms on the middle bench 2 and the upper bench 3 cooperate for the erection of the side arch of the middle bench. The first lifting devices and the first side-top mechanisms on the erection trolley 5 cooperate for the erection of the side arch of the upper bench; workers carry out manual charging for the lower bench on the lower bench 1, carry out manual charging for the middle bench on the middle bench 2 and the upper bench 3, and carry out manual charging for the upper bench on the erection trolley 5 and / or the trolley bracket 4.

[0053] Another method can also be adopted for the erection of side arches: after the top arch is transferred to the erection trolley 5 by the arch lifting device, the side arches adjacent to both sides of the top arch are lifted by the second lifting device and supported by the side jacking mechanism of the second arch. Subsequently, the top arch is fixedly connected to the adjacent side arches. After that, the top arch and the adjacent side arches move forward together with the erection trolley 5 and are jacked in place by the erection trolley 5; the remaining side arches are lifted by the first lifting device and jacked in place by the side jacking mechanism of the first arch.

[0054] This construction method is also used to perform drilling construction, erection construction of top arches and side arches, and charging for the micro-bench method;

[0055] As Figure 10 shown, during drilling construction, the jumbo is located at the heading face. The middle bench 2, the upper bench 3, and the trolley bracket 4 move synchronously and extend to the front of the lower bench 1 above the lower bench; the rock drills 6 all move to the front end of the slide rail 25. The rock drills 6 on the lower bench 1 drill the holes of the lower bench. Specifically, the peripheral holes and bottom holes of the lower bench are drilled; the rock drills 6 on the middle bench 2 and the upper bench 3 drill the micro-bench holes. Specifically, the rock drills 6 on the middle bench 2 drill the peripheral holes, auxiliary holes, and cut holes on both sides of the micro-bench, and the rock drills 6 on the upper bench 3 drill the peripheral holes, auxiliary holes, and top holes of the micro-bench arch crown;

[0056] As Figure 11 shown, during the erection construction of the top arch, the jumbo is located at the heading face. Keep the rock drills 6 all at the rear end of the slide rail 25. The multi-section top arches are lifted from the bottom of the tunnel and transferred to the erection trolley 5 by the arch lifting device; the middle bench 2 moves and extends to the front of the lower bench 1 above the lower bench, the upper bench 3 and the trolley bracket 4 move synchronously and extend to the front of the middle bench 2 above the lower bench, and the erection trolley 5 moves to the front end of the trolley bracket 4. After that, the erection trolley 5 jacks the multi-section top arches to the top of the tunnel in place;

[0057] When performing the erection construction and charging of the side arches, maintain the position relationships of each layer during the erection construction of the aforementioned top arch, that is, as Figure 11 shown; during the erection construction of the side arches, the side arches are lifted by the first lifting device and jacked in place by the side jacking mechanism of the first arch. Specifically, the side jacking mechanism of the first arch on the lower bench 1 moves to the front end of the slide rail 25 and cooperates with the first lifting device on the lower bench 1 for the erection of the side arches of the lower bench. The first lifting devices and the side jacking mechanisms on the middle bench 2 and the upper bench 3 cooperate for the erection of the side arches of the micro-bench; workers perform manual charging for the lower bench on the lower bench 1 and perform manual charging for the micro-bench on the middle bench 2 and the upper bench 3;

[0058] Another method can also be adopted for the erection of the side arch supports, which is the same as the other method for the erection of the side arch supports in the aforementioned three - bench method and will not be elaborated here.

[0059] This construction method is also used for performing drilling construction, the erection of top arch supports and side arch supports, and charging in the full - face method;

[0060] As Figure 12 shown, when drilling construction is carried out, the jumbo is located at the heading face, and the rock drills 6 all move to the front end of the slide rail 25. The rock drills 6 on the lower bench 1, the middle bench 2 and the upper bench 3 drill full - face holes. Specifically, the rock drills 6 on the lower bench 1 drill the perimeter holes around the arch feet and the bottom holes, the rock drills 6 on the middle bench 2 drill the perimeter holes on both sides of the arch waist, the auxiliary holes and the cut holes, and the rock drills 6 on the upper bench 3 drill the perimeter holes at the arch crown, the auxiliary holes and the top holes;

[0061] As Figure 13 shown, when the erection of the top arch supports is carried out, the jumbo is located at the heading face, and the rock drills 6 are kept at the rear end of the slide rail 25. The arch support lifting device lifts multiple top arch supports from the bottom of the tunnel and transfers them to the erection trolley 5; the erection trolley 5 moves to the front end of the trolley bracket 4, and then the erection trolley 5 jacks up multiple top arch supports to the tunnel crown in place;

[0062] When the erection of the side arch supports and charging are carried out, the position relationships of each layer during the erection of the top arch supports mentioned above are maintained, that is, as Figure 13 shown; when the erection of the side arch supports is carried out, the side arch supports are lifted by the first lifting device and are side - pushed into place by the first side - pushing mechanism for arch supports. Specifically, the first side - pushing mechanism for arch supports on the lower bench 1 moves to the front end of the slide rail 25, and the first lifting devices and the first side - pushing mechanisms for arch supports on the lower bench 1 and the middle bench 2 cooperate for the erection of the side arch supports; workers carry out manual charging on the jumbo.

[0063] When the top arch supports and side arch supports are erected in the aforementioned three - bench, micro - bench and full - face methods, multiple top arch supports lifted by the arch support lifting device are arranged at intervals and are connected into a whole by an arc - shaped steel mesh; multiple side arch supports lifted by the first lifting device and side arch supports adjacent to the top arch supports lifted by the second lifting device are also arranged at intervals and are connected into a whole by an arc - shaped steel mesh; when drilling, the erection of top arch supports and side arch supports, and charging are carried out in the aforementioned three - bench, micro - bench and full - face methods, after each layer moves into place, the outriggers 27 need to be extended to achieve leg - down support.

[0064] Compared with the prior art where the three-boom rock drilling jumbo and the three-boom and three-frame arch erector are not suitable for the construction of the three-bench method in tunnels and only manual drilling and arch erection operations can be adopted, resulting in low construction efficiency, the construction jumbo of the present invention can be used for drilling, erection of top arches and side arches, and charging and erection operations in the construction of the three-bench method in tunnels, greatly reducing manual drilling and arch erection operations and having higher construction efficiency; moreover, this construction jumbo can also be applicable to drilling, erection of top arches and side arches, and charging operations in the micro-bench and full-face methods, and can switch the usage state accordingly according to the three-bench, micro-bench, and full-face methods in tunnels, with a wide range of applications; compared with the solution of setting the middle bench and the upper bench as an integral structure, the structure of this construction jumbo reduces the risk of forward tilting and collapse and improves the overall stability of the jumbo structure; it can simultaneously complete the erection construction of multiple top arches. Compared with the prior art where each mechanical arm of the three-boom and three-frame arch erector can only grab and install one arch at a time, the installation efficiency of the present invention is greatly improved.

[0065] The above are only the preferred embodiments of the present invention and are not intended to limit the present invention. Any modifications, equivalent replacements, and improvements made within the spirit and principle of the present invention shall be included within the protection scope of the present invention.

Claims

1. A tunneling jumbo, characterized in that, It includes a trolley body, which consists of a lower platform frame (1), a middle platform frame (2), an upper platform frame (3), a trolley bracket (4) and a vertical trolley (5) connected in sequence from bottom to top. The combination of these five forms a five-layer structure. Any one of the middle platform frame (2), the upper platform frame (3) and the trolley bracket (4) can move longitudinally relative to its lower layer, and any layer can move to extend beyond the front end of the lower layer. Rock drills (6) are provided on the lower platform frame (1), the middle platform frame (2) and the upper platform frame (3). The vertical trolley (5) can move longitudinally between the front and rear ends of the trolley bracket (4). The vertical trolley (5) can carry and lift the top arch to the top of the tunnel. An arch lifting device is provided at the rear end of the lower platform frame (1), and the arch lifting device is used to lift the top arch from the bottom of the tunnel and transfer it to the vertical trolley (5).

2. The tunneling jumbo according to claim 1, characterized in that, The vertical trolley (5) includes two lifting cross beams (7) and two lifting longitudinal beams (8) arranged between them. A plurality of carrier trolleys (9) for the top arch are provided on each lifting longitudinal beam (8). Both of the two lifting cross beams (7) are driven to lift based on one first lifting oil cylinder (10) at each end. Two carrier trolleys (11) are provided on each lifting cross beam (7), and both ends of each lifting longitudinal beam (8) are carried by one carrier trolley (11).

3. The tunneling jumbo according to claim 1, wherein The arch lifting device includes one arch lifting unit provided on each side of the rear end of the lower platform frame (1). Any one arch lifting unit includes a lifting longitudinal beam (12), a translation longitudinal beam (13), a lifting longitudinal beam (14), a lifting device (15), at least two second lifting oil cylinders (16) and at least two vertical guide rails (17). The lower end of any one guide rail (17) is located at the bottom of the lower platform frame (1), and the upper end extends beyond the top of the lower platform frame (1). A lifting trolley (18) is installed on any one guide rail (17). One end of the lifting longitudinal beam (12) is fixed on the lifting trolley (18), and the other end extends backward beyond the lower platform frame (1). A translation trolley (19) is installed on the lifting longitudinal beam (12), and the translation longitudinal beam (13) is fixed on the translation trolley (19). The lifting longitudinal beam (14) is located inside the upper end of the guide rail (17) and is driven to lift based on the second lifting oil cylinder (16) located at the top of the lower platform frame (1). The lifting device (15) is used to drive the lifting longitudinal beam (12) to lift and lower.

4. The tunneling jumbo according to claim 1, characterized in that, First lifting devices and first arch side jacking mechanisms are provided on both sides of the front end of the lower platform frame (1), both sides of the front end of the middle platform frame (2), both sides of the front end of the upper platform frame (3) and both sides of the vertical trolley (5). Any one of the first arch side jacking mechanisms includes two first telescopic cross bars (20) and a first longitudinal bar (21). The two first telescopic cross bars (20) are set to be at the same height and parallel to each other. The telescopic ends of the first telescopic cross bars (20) face outward, and the telescopic ends are both hinged to the first longitudinal bar (21).

5. The tunneling jumbo according to claim 4, characterized in that, On both sides of the rear end of the lower bench (1), a second lifting device (22) and a second arch side jacking mechanism are provided; any one of the second arch side jacking mechanisms includes two second telescopic crossbars (23) and a second longitudinal bar (24). The two second telescopic crossbars (23) are arranged at the same height and parallel to each other. The telescopic ends of the second telescopic crossbars (23) face outward, and the telescopic ends are hinged to the second longitudinal bar (24).

6. The tunneling jumbo according to claim 1, characterized in that, On the lower bench (1), middle bench (2) and upper bench (3), longitudinal slide rails (25) are provided; a base (26) is fixedly connected to the rock drill (6), and the base (26) is slidably installed on the slide rails (25).

7. The tunnel construction jumbo according to claim 1, characterized in that, At least two legs (27) are provided at the front ends of the middle bench (2), upper bench (3), trolley bracket (4) and gantry trolley (5), and the legs (27) can be telescoped vertically.

8. A construction method, characterized in that, Implemented based on the tunnel construction jumbo according to any one of claims 1-7, for performing drilling construction and top arch erection construction of the three-step method; When performing drilling construction, the jumbo is located at the tunnel face. The middle bench (2) moves out of the front end of the lower bench (1) to above the lower bench, and the upper bench (3) and the trolley bracket (4) synchronously move out of the front end of the middle bench (2) to above the lower bench; the rock drill (6) on the lower bench (1) drills holes in the lower bench, the rock drill (6) on the middle bench (2) drills holes in the middle bench, and the rock drill (6) on the upper bench (3) drills holes in the upper bench; When performing top arch erection construction, the jumbo is located at the tunnel face. The multi-section top arch is lifted from the bottom of the tunnel and transferred to the gantry trolley (5) by the arch lifting device; the middle bench (2) moves out of the front end of the lower bench (1) to above the lower bench, the upper bench (3) moves out of the front end of the middle bench (2) to above the lower bench, the trolley bracket (4) moves out of the front end of the upper bench (3) to above the middle bench, and the gantry trolley (5) moves to the front end of the trolley bracket (4). Then, the gantry trolley (5) jacks up the multi-section top arch to the tunnel top in place; wherein, the multi-section top arches are arranged at intervals and are connected into a whole by an arc-shaped steel mesh.

9. The construction method according to claim 8, characterized in that, In the solution implemented based on the tunnel construction jumbo described in claim 4, it is also used to perform side arch erection construction of the three-step method; including the steps of: lifting the side arch by the first lifting device and side jacking the side arch in place by the first arch side jacking mechanism.

10. The construction method according to claim 8, characterized in that, In the solution implemented based on the tunnel construction jumbo described in claim 5, it is also used to perform side arch erection construction of the three-step method; including the steps of: after the arch lifting device transfers the top arch to the gantry trolley (5), lifting the side arches adjacent to both sides of the top arch by the second lifting device and side jacking and supporting them by the second arch side jacking mechanism. Subsequently, the top arch and the adjacent side arches are fixedly connected. Then, the top arch and the adjacent side arches move forward together with the gantry trolley (5) and are jacked in place by the gantry trolley (5); the remaining side arches are lifted by the first lifting device and side jacked in place by the first arch side jacking mechanism.

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