Vertical high-altitude simulation test bench compatible with ground test and test method

Abstract

The invention relates to the technical field of rocket engine simulation tests, in particular to a vertical high-altitude simulation test bed compatible with a ground test and a test method. Comprising a vacuum chamber which is provided with a ventilation assembly capable of being opened and closed; and the diffuser is communicated with the vacuum cabin and is vertically arranged at the tail end of the engine, and engine gas enters the diffuser. When a high-altitude simulation test is carried out, the long-nozzle engine is arranged in the vacuum cabin, and the openable and closable ventilation assembly is closed, so that the inner side of the vacuum cabin is isolated from the outside. Engine fuel gas enters the diffuser and is expanded in the diffuser to form supersonic airflow to suck the vacuum chamber, the fuel gas is injected to the injection expansion section under injection of the injection working medium, the fuel gas is mixed with the injection working medium airflow to continue to be pressurized in the supersonic speed state, and finally the fuel gas is exhausted from the injection expansion section when the pressure is higher than the atmospheric pressure. The air pressure in the vacuum chamber is lower than the atmospheric pressure, and high-altitude simulation test conditions are met.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The invention relates to the technical field of rocket engine simulation test, and in particular to a vertical high-altitude simulation test bench and a test method compatible with ground tests. Background Art

[0002] Rocket engines will conduct high-altitude simulation tests and ground tests for the needs of research and development and assessment. Compared with ground tests, high-altitude simulation tests have an additional ejection system to simulate the vacuum environment of the engine flying at high altitudes. When rocket engines conduct high-altitude simulation tests, a large amount of ejection fluid is consumed, and the cost and difficulty of the test are much greater than ground tests.

[0003] Traditional vertical high-altitude simulation test benches can only carry out high-altitude simulation tests and cannot meet the needs of ground tests. At the same time, it is necessary to prevent the engine gas from backflowing and burning the vacuum chamber. Summary of the invention

[0004] In view of this, the present invention provides a vertical high-altitude simulation test bench and a test method that are compatible with ground tests, so as to solve the problem that the existing vertical high-altitude simulation test bench cannot take into account the needs of ground tests.

[0005] In a first aspect, the present invention provides a vertical high altitude simulation test bench compatible with ground tests, comprising: A vacuum chamber, wherein the vacuum chamber is provided with an openable and closable ventilation component; a diffuser, which is in communication with the vacuum chamber and is vertically arranged at the tail end of the engine, and the engine combustion gas enters the diffuser; The ejector expansion section is connected to the downstream of the diffuser and is connected to the ejector working medium supply device, and the ejector working medium is ejected toward the downstream direction of the ejector expansion section; Among them, when conducting ground simulation tests, a short nozzle engine is arranged in the vacuum chamber, and the openable and closable ventilation component is opened; when conducting high-altitude simulation tests, a long nozzle engine is arranged in the vacuum chamber, and the openable and closable ventilation component is closed.

[0006] In this application, during the high-altitude simulation test, a long nozzle engine is installed in the vacuum chamber, and the openable and closable ventilation component is closed, isolating the inner side of the vacuum chamber from the outside. The engine gas enters the diffuser and expands in the diffuser to form a supersonic airflow to suck the vacuum chamber. The gas is ejected into the ejector expansion section under the entrainment of the entraining working fluid, and continues to be pressurized by mixing with the entraining working fluid airflow in the supersonic state. Finally, the pressure is higher than the atmospheric pressure and is discharged from the ejector expansion section, making the air pressure in the vacuum chamber lower than the atmospheric pressure, meeting the high-altitude simulation test conditions. During the ground simulation test, a short nozzle engine is installed in the vacuum chamber, and the openable and closable ventilation component is opened, connecting the inner side of the vacuum chamber to the outside. The engine gas is ejected into the ejector expansion section under the entrainment of the entraining working fluid. At the same time, the vacuum chamber can be supplemented with air through the openable and closable ventilation component to keep the air pressure in the vacuum chamber close to the atmospheric pressure, meeting the ground simulation test conditions. Therefore, this application can achieve high-altitude simulation tests and also take into account ground simulation tests.

[0007] In an alternative embodiment, the openable and closable ventilation component includes: A hatch door, which is arranged on the vacuum chamber and is located at the side end of the diffuser; An air release path, which is connected to the vacuum chamber, and a valve is arranged on the air release path; when the hatch door and the air release path are opened, air accumulates at the position where the engine is located.

[0008] In this application, the hatch door can be opened and closed to isolate and connect the vacuum chamber from the outside. The air release path can be opened and closed through the valve. When the hatch door and the air release path are opened, air accumulates at the position where the engine is located, which can prevent the engine gas from deflecting.

[0009] In an alternative embodiment, during the high-altitude simulation test, the original guide section is detachably connected to the upstream of the diffuser, and during the ground simulation test, the additional guide section is detachably connected to the upstream of the diffuser.

[0010] In this application, the guide section can guide and concentrate the engine gas into the diffuser.

[0011] In an alternative embodiment, a nitrogen purge ring is arranged in the vacuum chamber, on the side of the engine away from the diffuser, and the nitrogen purge ring is used to eject nitrogen in the downstream direction of the engine.

[0012] In this application, during the ground simulation experiment, the nitrogen purge ring can eject nitrogen in the downstream direction of the engine, introducing more air into the vacuum chamber and also preventing the gas in the diffuser from returning from the upstream and burning the vacuum chamber. During the high-altitude simulation test, it can purge the flammable and explosive gases in the vacuum chamber.

[0013] In an alternative embodiment, the ejector-diffuser section includes an ejector, a turning section, and a diffuser that are connected in sequence. The upstream of the ejector is connected to an ejector working fluid supply device through an ejector working fluid nozzle, and the ejector working fluid is ejected from the upstream to the downstream in the ejector working fluid nozzle.

[0014] In the present application, the ejector working fluid can eject the engine gas to flow from the ejector towards the diffuser section, preventing the engine gas from flowing back and burning out the vacuum chamber.

[0015] In an alternative embodiment, the ejector working fluid supply device includes a gas generator and an ejector working fluid supply line connected to the gas generator. The ejector working fluid provided by the ejector working fluid supply line is connected to the ejector working fluid nozzle through the gas generator, and valves are respectively provided on the ejector working fluid supply line; The ejector working fluid supply line includes an alcohol supply line, a liquid oxygen supply line, a cooling water supply line, and a nitrogen supply line.

[0016] In the present application, alcohol, liquid oxygen, and cooling water can be provided to the upstream end of the ejector working fluid nozzle through the ejector working fluid supply line, or nitrogen can be provided to the upstream end of the ejector working fluid nozzle.

[0017] In an alternative embodiment, the inner wall of the additional flow guiding section is provided with water spraying holes facing the downstream direction of the diffuser, and the angle with the central axis of the diffuser is 40° to 50°.

[0018] In the present application, the inner wall of the flow guiding section can be cooled by spraying water through the water spraying holes to prevent the flow guiding section and the diffuser from being burned out. The angle between the water spraying holes and the central axis of the diffuser is 40° to 50°, which can enhance the cooling effect on the flow guiding section.

[0019] In an alternative embodiment, a transfer rack is provided in the vacuum chamber, and the transfer rack is detachably connected to the engine.

[0020] In the present application, a long nozzle engine or a short nozzle engine can be arranged in the vacuum chamber by the transfer rack according to the test requirements.

[0021] In an alternative embodiment, a connecting flange is provided on the outer side wall of the ejector working fluid nozzle, and the inner side of the ejector working fluid nozzle is communicated with the connecting flange hole through a through hole; The connecting flange is detachably connected to a first flange cover, and the first flange cover is connected with a water replenishing spray head. When the connecting flange is connected to the first flange cover, the water replenishing spray head is inserted into the through hole; Or, the connecting flange is detachably connected to a second flange cover, and the second flange cover is connected with a complementary plug. When the connecting flange is connected to the second flange cover, the complementary plug seals the through hole.

[0022] In this application, actually, during the high-altitude simulation test, the connecting flange is connected to the second flange cover, and the through-hole is sealed by the complementary plug cover, and the inside of the ejector working fluid nozzle is isolated from the outside. During the ground simulation test, the connecting flange is connected to the first flange cover, the water replenishing nozzle is inserted into the inside of the ejector working fluid nozzle to replenish water and cool the inner wall of the ejector, and a wall liquid film can also be formed on the inner wall of the ejector.

[0023] In a second aspect, the present invention also provides a vertical high-altitude simulation test method compatible with ground tests, which is applicable to the vertical high-altitude simulation test bench compatible with ground tests as described above, and includes the following steps: S1. During the high-altitude simulation test, a long nozzle engine is arranged on the adapter frame, the openable and closable ventilation assembly is closed, the connecting flange is connected to the second flange cover, and the ejector working fluid supply device first supplies alcohol and liquid oxygen to the gas generator, and is ignited by the gas generator, and then mixed with cooling water to form the ejector working fluid; S2. During the ground simulation test, a short nozzle engine is arranged on the adapter frame, the openable and closable ventilation assembly is opened, the connecting flange is connected to the first flange cover, and the ejector working fluid supply device supplies nitrogen to the ejector working fluid nozzle.

[0024] In this application, the air pressure in the vacuum chamber can be adjusted by opening and closing the openable and closable ventilation assembly, so as to balance the high-altitude simulation test and the ground simulation test. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0025] In order to more clearly illustrate the specific embodiments of the present invention or the technical solutions in the prior art, the following will briefly introduce the drawings required for the description of the specific embodiments or the prior art. Obviously, the following drawings are some embodiments of the present invention. For those of ordinary skill in the art, other drawings can be obtained based on these drawings without creative efforts.

[0026] Figure 1 It is a schematic structural diagram during the high-altitude simulation test of the embodiment of the present invention; Figure 2 It is a partial enlarged view of part A in the embodiment of the present invention; Figure 3 It is a schematic structural diagram during the ground simulation test of the embodiment of the present invention; Figure 4 It is a partial enlarged view of part B in the embodiment of the present invention; Figure 5 It is a cross-sectional view of the C-group water replenishing holes, D-group water replenishing holes, E-group water replenishing holes and F-group water replenishing holes in the embodiment of the present invention.

[0027] Description of the reference numerals: 1. Vacuum chamber; 2. Gas generator; 3. Long nozzle engine; 4. Short nozzle engine; 5. Diffuser; 6. Hatch door; 7. Vent route; 8. Original guide section; 9. Additional guide section; 10. Nitrogen blow-off ring; 11. Ejector; 12. Turning section; 13. Expansion section; 14. Ejector nozzle; 15. Ignitor; 16. Alcohol supply route; 17. Liquid oxygen supply route; 18. Cooling water supply route; 19. Nitrogen supply route; 20. Connecting flange; 21. First flange cover; 22. Water supply nozzle; 23. Second flange cover; 24. Supplementary plugging cover; 25. Push rod; 26. Water supply hole. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0028] In order to make the purpose, technical solution and advantages of the embodiments of the present invention clearer, the technical solution in the embodiments of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below in conjunction with the drawings in the embodiments of the present invention. Obviously, the described embodiments are part of the embodiments of the present invention, not all of the embodiments. Based on the embodiments of the present invention, all other embodiments obtained by those skilled in the art without creative work are within the scope of protection of the present invention.

[0029] Rocket engines will conduct high-altitude simulation tests and ground tests for the needs of research and development and assessment. Compared with ground tests, high-altitude simulation tests have an additional ejection system to simulate the vacuum environment of the engine flying at high altitudes. When rocket engines conduct high-altitude simulation tests, a large amount of ejection fluid is consumed, and the cost and difficulty of the test are much greater than ground tests. Traditional high-altitude simulation test benches have a fixed ejection system, which means that the test bench can only conduct high-altitude simulation tests and cannot meet the needs of ground tests.

[0030] When an ordinary high-altitude simulation test bench conducts ground tests, the gas flow rate is low, the static pressure is high, and the heat flow increases, and there is a risk of burning the downstream injection system, so it cannot be used to conduct ground tests.

[0031] Combine the following Figures 1 to 5 , describing an embodiment of the present invention.

[0032] Example 1 The present invention provides a vertical high altitude simulation test bench compatible with ground tests, comprising: The vacuum chamber 1 is provided with an openable and closable ventilation component; an adapter frame can be configured inside, and the adapter frame can be arranged in the middle of the vacuum chamber 1, so that the engine is located in the middle of the vacuum chamber 1, and can be detachably connected with the long nozzle engine 3 and the short nozzle engine 4 respectively. Among them, the area of ​​the long nozzle engine 3 is relatively large, and the area of ​​the short nozzle engine 4 is relatively small. The area ratio refers to the ratio of the nozzle outlet area divided by the nozzle throat area. The short nozzle engine 4 is used when conducting ground simulation tests.

[0033] A diffuser 5, which is connected to the vacuum chamber 1 and vertically arranged at the tail end of the engine, and engine gas enters the diffuser 5; the diffuser 5 is of a long tubular shape, and the engine gas expands in the diffuser 5, which can eject the engine gas to flow from the upstream of the diffuser 5 to the downstream of the diffuser 5.

[0034] An ejector expansion section, which is connected to the downstream of the diffuser 5 and is also connected to an ejector working medium supply device, and the ejector working medium is ejected towards the downstream direction of the ejector expansion section; it should be noted that in this application, the upstream to downstream direction is the direction from the inlet of the ejector 11 to the outlet of the ejector 11.

[0035] Among them, during ground simulation tests, a short nozzle engine 4 is arranged in the vacuum chamber 1, and the openable and closable ventilation assembly is opened; during high-altitude simulation tests, a long nozzle engine 3 is arranged in the vacuum chamber 1, and the openable and closable ventilation assembly is closed. The engine generally burns in a rich combustion mode, and there is unburned fuel in the gas.

[0036] In this application, during high-altitude simulation tests, a long nozzle engine 3 is arranged on the adapter frame, and the openable and closable ventilation assembly is closed, so that the inside of the vacuum chamber 1 is isolated from the outside. Engine gas enters the diffuser 5 and expands in the diffuser 5 to form a supersonic airflow to suck the vacuum chamber 1. The gas is ejected towards the ejector expansion section under the ejection of the ejector working medium, and the gas and the ejector working medium airflow are mixed and continue to be pressurized in the supersonic state. Finally, the pressure is higher than the atmospheric pressure and is discharged from the ejector expansion section, so that the air pressure in the vacuum chamber 1 is lower than the atmospheric pressure, meeting the high-altitude simulation test conditions. During ground simulation tests, a short nozzle engine 4 is arranged on the adapter frame, and the openable and closable ventilation assembly is opened, so that the inside of the vacuum chamber 1 is communicated with the outside. The engine gas is ejected towards the ejector expansion section under the ejection of the ejector working medium, and at the same time, the vacuum chamber 1 can be supplemented with air through the openable and closable ventilation assembly to keep the air pressure in the vacuum chamber 1 close to the atmospheric pressure, meeting the ground simulation test conditions. Therefore, this application can achieve high-altitude simulation tests and also take into account ground simulation tests.

[0037] In an alternative embodiment, the openable and closable ventilation assembly includes: A hatch 6, which is arranged on the vacuum chamber 1 and is located at the side end of the diffuser 5; the hatches 6 of the vacuum chamber 1 can be arranged in pairs, and the paired hatches 6 open in opposite directions, are of the same size, and face each other, so that the air flow inhaled into the vacuum chamber 1 during ground simulation tests is the same, avoiding gas skew. There can be two hatches 6 in this application.

[0038] The vent path 7 is connected to and provided on the vacuum chamber 1, and a valve is provided on the vent path 7; when the hatch door 6 and the vent path 7 are opened, air accumulates at the position where the engine is located. The vent path 7 can be two, and can be provided on one side of the vacuum chamber 1 away from the diffuser 5. Specifically, it can be provided on the top of the vacuum chamber 1, and the diffuser 5 is provided at the bottom of the vacuum chamber 1. During ground simulation tests, the top valve is opened to introduce more air, and at the same time, it can quickly discharge when gas leaks.

[0039] In this application, the hatch door 6 can be opened and closed to realize the isolation and connection between the vacuum chamber 1 and the outside world. The hatch doors 6 are arranged in pairs, which can make the air flow concentrate at the engine position during ground simulation tests, and the engine gas will not deflect. The vent path 7 can be opened and closed through a valve.

[0040] In an alternative embodiment, during high-altitude simulation tests, the upstream of the diffuser 5 is detachably connected to the original guide section 8, and during ground simulation tests, the upstream of the diffuser 5 is detachably connected to the additional guide section 9, and the engine gas enters the diffuser 5 through the guide section.

[0041] In this application, the guide section can be divided into the original guide section 8 and the additional guide section 9, which can guide and concentrate the engine gas into the diffuser 5.

[0042] Among them, the guide section in this application can include the original guide section 8 and the additional guide section 9. Among them, during high-altitude simulation tests, the original guide section 8 is connected to the diffuser 5, and the inlet of the original guide section 8 is close to the outlet of the long nozzle engine 3, so that the gas of the long nozzle engine 3 can directly enter the original guide section 8. During ground simulation tests, the additional guide section 9 is connected to the diffuser 5, and the inner diameter of the additional guide section 9 is 1% smaller than the inner diameter of the inlet of the diffuser 5 to avoid generating a windward step. The additional guide section 9 is longer than the original guide section 8, so that the gas of the short nozzle engine 4 can directly enter the additional guide section 9. The inlet of the original guide section 8 is close to the outlet of the long nozzle engine 3, and the inlet of the additional guide section 9 is close to the outlet of the short nozzle engine 4. To prevent the engine gas from being too far away from the diffuser 5 and ablating the diffuser 5.

[0043] In an alternative embodiment, a nitrogen purge ring 10 is provided in the vacuum chamber 1 on the side of the engine away from the diffuser 5, and the nitrogen purge ring 10 is used to inject nitrogen in the downstream direction of the engine.

[0044] In this application, during ground simulation experiments, the nitrogen purge ring 10 can inject nitrogen in the downstream direction of the engine, so that more air is introduced into the vacuum chamber 1, reducing the combustion of engine gas and air, thereby reducing the heat load of downstream equipment such as the guide section, and also preventing the gas in the diffuser 5 from returning from the upstream and burning out the vacuum chamber 1.

[0045] In an alternative embodiment, the ejector-diffuser section includes an ejector 11, a turning section 12, and a diffuser section 13 that are connected in sequence. The turning section 12 can make the outlet of the diffuser section 13 face the horizontal direction. The diffuser section 13 can have a flared outlet. The upstream of the ejector 11 is connected to an ejector working fluid supply device through an ejector working fluid nozzle 14. The ejector working fluid nozzle 14 is connected to the upstream section of the ejector 11, and the ejector working fluid is ejected from the upstream to the downstream in the ejector working fluid nozzle 14. The guiding section, the ejector 11, the turning section 12, and the diffuser section 13 can be of a sandwich water-cooled structure. The guiding section, the diffuser 5, the ejector 11, the turning section 12, and the diffuser section 13 can be connected by their axial positions, that is, the axes of the guiding section, the diffuser 5, and the ejector 11 coincide, and the axes of the ejector 11, the turning section 12, and the diffuser section 13 are smoothly connected and coplanar. The ejector working fluid nozzle 14 can be of a single-layer stainless steel structure. The diffuser section 13 can also be of a single-wall high-temperature alloy structure, capable of withstanding the heat flux of the mixed gas after the engine gas and the ejector working fluid are mixed.

[0046] In the present application, the ejector working fluid can eject the engine gas to flow from the ejector 11 towards the diffuser section 13, preventing the engine gas from flowing back and burning out the vacuum chamber 1.

[0047] In an alternative embodiment, the ejector working fluid supply device includes a gas generator 2 and an ejector working fluid supply line connected to the gas generator 2. The ejector working fluid provided by the ejector working fluid supply line is connected to the ejector working fluid nozzle 14 through the gas generator 2. Valves are respectively arranged on the ejector working fluid supply line to enable independent supply of the ejector working fluid; an igniter 15 can be arranged on the gas generator 2.

[0048] The ejector working fluid supply line includes an alcohol supply line 16, a liquid oxygen supply line 17, a cooling water supply line 18, and a nitrogen supply line 19.

[0049] In the present application, alcohol, liquid oxygen, and cooling water can be provided to the upstream end of the ejector working fluid nozzle 14 through the ejector working fluid supply line, or nitrogen can be provided to the upstream end of the ejector working fluid nozzle 14.

[0050] In an alternative embodiment, the inner wall of the additional guiding section 9 is provided with water spray holes facing the downstream direction of the diffuser 5 and having an angle of 40° to 50° with the central axis of the diffuser 5. Among them, the water spray holes can be connected to a water pipe for water supply. 30 water spray holes with a diameter of 1 mm can be evenly distributed on the inner wall of the additional guiding section 9, with the direction and the axial angle being 45 degrees downward, and the flow rate of the water spray holes can be 2.5% of the gas flow rate.

[0051] In this application, the inner wall of the diversion section can be cooled by spraying water through the water spray holes to prevent the diversion section and the diffuser 5 from being burned out. The included angle between the water spray holes and the central axis of the diffuser 5 is 40° to 50°, which can enhance the cooling effect on the diversion section.

[0052] In an alternative embodiment, a transfer rack is provided in the vacuum chamber 1, and the transfer rack is detachably connected to the engine.

[0053] In this application, the transfer rack can be provided with a long nozzle engine 3 or a short nozzle engine 4 in the vacuum chamber 1 according to the test requirements.

[0054] In an alternative embodiment, a connecting flange 20 is provided on the outer side wall of the ejector working medium nozzle 14, and the inner side of the ejector working medium nozzle 14 is in hole communication with the connecting flange 20 through a through hole; the ejector working medium nozzle 14 can be sleeved on the outer side wall of the diffuser 5 and the outlet is in communication with the inlet of the ejector 11.

[0055] The connecting flange 20 is detachably connected to the first flange cover 21, and the first flange cover 21 is connected with a water replenishing nozzle 22. When the connecting flange 20 is connected to the first flange cover 21, the water replenishing nozzle 22 is inserted into the through hole; Or, the connecting flange 20 is detachably connected to the second flange cover 23, and the second flange cover 23 is connected with a complementary plug cover 24. When the connecting flange 20 is connected to the second flange cover 23, the complementary plug cover 24 seals the through hole. The complementary plug cover 24 and the second flange cover 23 can be connected by a push rod 25.

[0056] In this application, actually, during the high-altitude simulation test, the connecting flange 20 is connected to the second flange cover 23, and the through hole is sealed by the complementary plug cover 24, and the inner side of the ejector working medium nozzle 14 is isolated from the outside. During the ground simulation test, the connecting flange 20 is connected to the first flange cover 21, the water replenishing nozzle 22 is inserted into the inner side of the ejector working medium nozzle 14 and cools the inner side wall of the ejector 11, and a wall liquid film can also be formed on the inner side wall of the ejector 11.

[0057] A water replenishing nozzle 22 is inserted on the outer wall of the ejector working medium nozzle 14 to achieve thermal protection of the ejector working medium nozzle 14 and at the same time reduce the gas temperature. Six water replenishing nozzles 22 are evenly distributed in a circle on the outer wall of the ejector working medium nozzle 14 and are evenly distributed on the outer wall of the ejector working medium nozzle 14, and are inserted by opening holes on the outer wall surface of the ejector working medium nozzle 14. The material of the water replenishing nozzle 22 can be 304 stainless steel, and n water replenishing holes 26 with a diameter of 2 mm can be provided on each water replenishing nozzle 22. A flange structure is welded on the wall surface of the ejector 11 for connecting with the water replenishing nozzle 22. The water supply volume of each water replenishing nozzle 22 is 5% of the engine gas flow rate, and the water supply pressure is 0.6 MPa. The cooling water of the water replenishing nozzle 22 can be sourced from the jacket cooling water of the ejector 11. In this application, along the length direction of the water replenishing nozzle 22, four groups of water replenishing holes 26 are provided on the water replenishing nozzle 22, such as the C-group water replenishing holes, D-group water replenishing holes, E-group water replenishing holes, and F-group water replenishing holes in Appendix Figure 4 such as the C-group water replenishing holes, D-group water replenishing holes, E-group water replenishing holes, and F-group water replenishing holes in Appendix Figure 5 is a cross-sectional schematic diagram of the C-group water replenishing holes, D-group water replenishing holes, E-group water replenishing holes, and F-group water replenishing holes. Three water replenishing holes 26 are provided on each group of water replenishing holes 26. The included angle between two adjacent water replenishing holes 26 on the water replenishing nozzle 22 can be 60°, and all are oriented towards the direction of the ejector 11. The water replenishing hole 26 located in the middle position can be parallel to the axis of the ejector 11.

[0058] Embodiment 2 The present invention also provides a vertical high-altitude simulation test method compatible with ground tests, which is applicable to the vertical high-altitude simulation test bench compatible with ground tests as described above, and includes the following steps: S1. When conducting high-altitude simulation tests, a long nozzle engine 3 is installed on the adapter frame, and the openable ventilation assembly is closed, that is, the valves on the hatch 6 and the vent line 7 are closed. It should be noted that when flammable and explosive gases accumulate inside the vacuum chamber 1, the valve on the vent line 7 can be opened for exhaust. The vacuum chamber 1 can be provided with a first hatch 6 and a second hatch 6 for the engine and personnel to enter and exit the vacuum chamber 1, which are closed during high-altitude simulation tests. The connecting flange 20 is connected to the second flange cover 23. First, alcohol and liquid oxygen are supplied to the gas generator 2 through the ejector working fluid supply device and ignited by the gas generator 2, and then mixed with cooling water to form the ejector working fluid. The ejector working fluid and the engine gas are mixed in the ejector 11. After mixing with the cooling water, a high-temperature and high-pressure gas mainly composed of water vapor and carbon dioxide is formed, with a temperature range of 200°C to 400°C and a pressure range of 0.6 MPa to 5 MPa. The high-temperature and high-pressure gas generated by the gas generator 2 is supplied to the ejector 11 as the ejector working fluid through the ejector working fluid nozzle 14. The ejector working fluid is ejected from the ejector working fluid nozzle 14 to eject the upstream engine gas and create a vacuum environment. The engine is installed inside the vacuum chamber 1, and the engine outlet faces the diffuser 5. The engine gas temperature is greater than 2000°C. The first compression can be achieved through the diffuser 5, and the second compression can be achieved through the ejector 11, so that the environmental pressure in the vacuum chamber 1 is lower than the atmospheric pressure, meeting the conditions for the engine high-altitude simulation test. During the high-altitude simulation test, the engine gas temperature is about 3500°C, and the ejector working fluid temperature is about 300°C. The mixing of the ejector working fluid and the engine gas in the ejector 11 will reduce the heat load on the wall surfaces of the ejector 11 and the expansion section 13.

[0059] S2, when conducting a ground simulation test, a short nozzle engine 4 is arranged on the adapter to avoid nozzle damage, an additional guide section 9 is connected to the diffuser 5, and the diffuser 5 can fully collect the gas, the openable and closable ventilation assembly is opened, and the connecting flange 20 is connected to the first flange cover 21. The hatch 6 of the vacuum cabin 1 is opened to introduce air into the vicinity of the engine and maintain the atmospheric environment in the cabin. The hatches 6 arranged in pairs are equal in size and relative in position to avoid the gas deflection of the short nozzle engine 4. The valves on the venting path 7 are all opened to facilitate the suction of air from the top of the vacuum cabin 1. The supply system of the engine remains unchanged, which improves the utilization efficiency of the test bench. The water spray hole and the water supply nozzle 22 supply water. The water spray hole sprays water along the wall of the additional guide section 9, and a liquid film is formed on the wall of the additional guide section 9 and the diffuser 5 to prevent the additional guide section 9 and the diffuser 5 from being thermally ablated by the engine gas. The valves on the alcohol supply path 16 and the liquid oxygen supply path 17 are closed, and the gas generator 2 does not ignite and work. Open the valve of the cooling water supply line 18, and the cooling water flows from the cooling water supply line 18 through the gas generator 2 and the ejector nozzle 14 into the ejector 11, forming a liquid film on the wall of the ejector 11, and at the same time, it is mixed with the engine gas to reduce the temperature. Open the valve on the nitrogen supply line 19, and the nitrogen flows from the nitrogen supply line 19 through the gas generator 2 and the ejector nozzle 14 into the ejector 11, so that the mixing of cooling water is more uniform, which is conducive to the liquid film on the wall of the ejector 11, and at the same time, it is mixed with the engine gas to reduce the temperature. During the ground simulation test, the ejector nozzle 14 can be set to 1kg / s of nitrogen, and it is blown off throughout the ground test process to prevent the gas from returning to the ejector nozzle 14 and burning the ejector nozzle 14. At the same time, the engine nozzle is replaced with a short nozzle with a small area ratio, and the gas needs to be discharged through the diffuser 5, the ejector 11, the turning section 12 and the expansion section 13. The temperature of the engine gas is lowered after being mixed with air, nitrogen, and cooling water, eliminating the risk of ablation of the ejector 11, the turning section 12, and the expansion section 13, and meeting the conditions for conducting ground tests. The nitrogen purge ring 10 sprays nitrogen at a large flow rate to the downstream of the engine throughout the test, so that more air is introduced into the vacuum chamber 1. A large amount of nitrogen and air are sucked into the vacuum chamber 1 and mixed with the engine gas, which, on the one hand, reduces the gas temperature, and on the other hand, keeps the pressure in the vacuum chamber 1 close to atmospheric pressure, meeting the engine ground test conditions, so that the conditions for conducting ground tests are met.

[0060] In the present application, the air pressure in the vacuum chamber 1 can be adjusted by opening and closing the openable and closable ventilation assembly, so that both high-altitude simulation tests and ground simulation experiments can be taken into account.

[0061] Although the embodiments of the present invention have been described in conjunction with the accompanying drawings, those skilled in the art may make various modifications and variations without departing from the spirit and scope of the present invention, and such modifications and variations are all within the scope defined by the appended claims.

Claims

1. A vertical high-altitude simulation test bench compatible with ground tests, characterized in that, Comprising: A vacuum chamber (1), the vacuum chamber (1) being provided with an openable and closable ventilation assembly; A diffuser (5), communicating with the vacuum chamber (1) and vertically arranged at the tail end of the engine, and engine gas enters the diffuser (5); An ejector expansion section, communicating with the downstream of the diffuser (5) and communicating with an ejector working fluid supply device, and the ejector working fluid is ejected towards the downstream direction of the ejector expansion section; Wherein, during ground simulation tests, a short nozzle engine (4) is arranged in the vacuum chamber (1), and the openable and closable ventilation assembly is opened; during high-altitude simulation tests, a long nozzle engine (3) is arranged in the vacuum chamber (1), and the openable and closable ventilation assembly is closed.

2. The vertical high-altitude simulation test bench compatible with ground tests according to claim 1, characterized in that, The openable and closable ventilation assembly includes: A hatch door (6), arranged on the vacuum chamber (1) and located at the side end of the diffuser (5); A vent path (7), communicatively arranged on the vacuum chamber (1), and a valve is arranged on the vent path (7); When the hatch door (6) and the vent path (7) are opened, air accumulates at the position where the engine is located.

3. The vertical high-altitude simulation test bench compatible with ground tests according to claim 1, characterized in that During high-altitude simulation tests, the upstream of the diffuser (5) is detachably connected to an original flow guide section (8), and during ground simulation tests, the upstream of the diffuser (5) is detachably connected to an additional flow guide section (9).

4. The vertical high-altitude simulation test bench compatible with ground tests according to claim 1, characterized in that A nitrogen purge ring (10) is arranged in the vacuum chamber (1), on the side of the engine away from the diffuser (5), and the nitrogen purge ring (10) is used to eject nitrogen towards the downstream direction of the engine.

5. The vertical high-altitude simulation test bench compatible with ground tests according to claim 1, characterized in that, The ejector expansion section includes an ejector (11), a turning section (12), and an expansion section (13) that are sequentially communicated. The upstream of the ejector (11) is communicated with the ejector working fluid supply device through an ejector working fluid nozzle (14), and the ejector working fluid is ejected from the upstream to the downstream in the ejector working fluid nozzle (14).

6. The vertical high-altitude simulation test bench compatible with ground tests according to claim 5, characterized in that, The ejector working fluid supply device includes a gas generator (2) and an ejector working fluid supply path communicating with the gas generator (2). The ejector working fluid provided by the ejector working fluid supply path is communicated with the ejector working fluid nozzle (14) through the gas generator (2), and valves are respectively arranged on the ejector working fluid supply path; The ejector working fluid supply path includes an alcohol supply path (16), a liquid oxygen supply path (17), a cooling water supply path (18), and a nitrogen supply path (19).

7. The vertical high-altitude simulation test bench compatible with ground tests according to claim 3, characterized in that, The inner wall of the additional flow guide section (9) is provided with water spray holes, facing the downstream direction of the diffuser (5), and the included angle with the central axis of the diffuser (5) is 40° to 50°.

8. The vertical high-altitude simulation test bench compatible with ground tests according to claim 1, characterized in that, A transfer rack is arranged in the vacuum chamber (1), and the transfer rack is detachably connected to the engine.

9. The vertical high-altitude simulation test bench compatible with ground tests according to claim 5, characterized in that, A connecting flange (20) is arranged on the outer side wall of the ejector working fluid nozzle (14), and the inside of the ejector working fluid nozzle (14) is communicated with the hole of the connecting flange (20) through a through hole; The connecting flange (20) is detachably connected to a first flange cover (21), and the first flange cover (21) is connected with a water replenishing nozzle (22). When the connecting flange (20) is connected to the first flange cover (21), the water replenishing nozzle (22) is inserted into the through hole; Alternatively, the connecting flange (20) is detachably connected to the second flange cover (23), and a complementary plug cover (24) is connected to the second flange cover (23). When the connecting flange (20) is connected to the second flange cover (23), the complementary plug cover (24) seals the through hole.

10. A vertical high-altitude simulation test method compatible with ground tests, applicable to the vertical high-altitude simulation test bench compatible with ground tests as described in any one of claims 1 to 9, characterized in that, It includes the following steps: S1. When performing the high-altitude simulation test, a long nozzle engine (3) is arranged on the adapter frame, the openable and closable ventilation assembly is closed, the connecting flange (20) is connected to the second flange cover (23), and alcohol and liquid oxygen are first supplied to the gas generator (2) through the ejector working fluid supply device and ignited by the gas generator (2), and then mixed with cooling water to form the ejector working fluid. S2. When performing the ground simulation test, a short nozzle engine (4) is arranged on the adapter frame, the openable and closable ventilation assembly is opened, the connecting flange (20) is connected to the first flange cover (21), and nitrogen is supplied to the ejector working fluid nozzle (14) through the ejector working fluid supply device.

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