Tunnel weak surrounding rock large deformation fitting monitoring equipment

Abstract

The invention discloses tunnel weak surrounding rock large deformation fitting monitoring equipment which comprises a detection trolley which is adapted to move along the axial direction of a tunnel and is provided with a stay wire sensor; and the driving trolleys are adapted to move in the circumferential direction of the tunnel, grabbing mechanisms are arranged on the driving trolleys, and the multiple driving trolleys are arranged in the axial direction of the tunnel. The detection trolley walks along the tunnel, after the detection trolley reaches the detection position, the grabbing mechanism on the corresponding driving trolley can grab the end of the pull rope of the pull rope sensor, and then the driving trolley walks in the circumferential direction of the tunnel, so that the pull rope is gradually stretched. The deformation condition of the tunnel can be obtained by driving the trolley to move and calculating the extension length of the pull rope. Compared with the prior art, the detection trolley has the advantages that normal passing of operation vehicles and personnel in the tunnel is not easily affected when the detection trolley walks, and the stay wire sensor has the advantage of resisting environmental interference.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present invention relates to the technical field of tunnel surrounding rock monitoring, and in particular, to a large deformation fitting monitoring device for soft surrounding rock of a tunnel. Background Art

[0002] A tunnel is an engineering structure buried in the stratum and is a form of human utilization of underground space. Due to the location of the tunnel, soil pressure or crustal changes can cause deformation of the tunnel; in the later stage of tunnel engineering, it is necessary to monitor the deformation of the constructed tunnel, and the deformation parameters in the tunnel are obtained by comparing the designed size of the tunnel with the actually surveyed and mapped size.

[0003] Currently, a Chinese patent with the publication number CN218496042U discloses a large deformation fitting monitoring device for soft surrounding rock of a tunnel, including a base and a monitoring component arranged on the base. Among them, the monitoring component is specifically a laser scanner, and detection is achieved through the scanning of the tunnel surface by the laser scanner. However, the laser is easily interfered by the environment, resulting in inaccurate detection.

[0004] There is also a mechanical form of tunnel deformation monitoring solution in the prior art. The main means is to arrange telescopic rods on a walkable base, and the telescopic end of the telescopic rod is abutted against the track on the inner wall of the tunnel. When the base moves along the tunnel, the telescopic rod will expand and contract due to the synchronous deformation of the track caused by the tunnel deformation, and the deformation condition of the tunnel is obtained through the conversion of the expansion and contraction amount. For example, tracks for the telescopic rods to slide can be arranged on the top and both sides of the tunnel, and the settlement of the tunnel crown, the convergence of the clearance, etc. can be obtained through the expansion and contraction amounts of the three telescopic rods. However, the deformation monitoring of the tunnel can be obtained only through the detection of certain spaced monitoring sections, and the arrangement of the base and the telescopic rods will affect the normal passage of operation vehicles and personnel in the tunnel. Summary of the Invention

[0005] The purpose of the present invention is to overcome the deficiencies of the prior art and provide a large deformation fitting monitoring device for soft surrounding rock of a tunnel.

[0006] The purpose of the present invention is achieved through the following technical solutions: A large deformation fitting monitoring device for soft surrounding rock of a tunnel, including: a detection trolley, the detection trolley is adapted to move axially along the tunnel, and a wire-pulling sensor is arranged on the detection trolley; a driving trolley, the driving trolley is adapted to move circumferentially along the tunnel, and a grasping mechanism is arranged on the driving trolley, and a plurality of driving trolleys are arranged axially along the tunnel; wherein, the detection trolley can move to face different driving trolleys, the grasping mechanism is adapted to be able to grasp the end of the pull rope of the wire-pulling sensor, and then the driving trolley moves circumferentially and pulls the pull rope to change the extended length.

[0007] Preferably, the inspection trolley is arranged on the side of the tunnel.

[0008] Preferably, there is an initial spacing between the grasping mechanism and the end of the pulling rope of the wire rope sensor. At the initial spacing, the end of the pulling rope of the wire rope sensor is outside the grasping range of the grasping mechanism.

[0009] Preferably, the wire rope sensor is rotatably arranged on the inspection trolley, and a driving mechanism for driving the wire rope sensor to rotate is also arranged on the inspection trolley. The driving mechanism is adapted to drive the wire rope sensor to rotate as the driving trolley moves, so that the angle between the pulling rope and the wire rope sensor is relatively constant.

[0010] Preferably, the driving mechanism includes a motor, and the motor is electrically connected to the driving end of the driving trolley through a controller.

[0011] Preferably, the grasping mechanism includes a pneumatic gripper or an electric gripper.

[0012] Preferably, the driving mechanism includes a driving rod elastically bouncing in the transverse direction on the inspection trolley. A gear is arranged on the rotating shaft of the wire rope sensor, and a toothed structure is arranged on the side wall of the driving rod. The toothed structure meshes with the gear; a winding rod is also arranged beside the inspection trolley in the tunnel. The cable of the driving trolley is wound on the winding rod to form a wire coil, and a torsion spring is connected to the winding rod; a driving spring is connected to the driving rod, and the driving spring is used to push the driving rod to abut against the outer wall of the wire coil.

[0013] Preferably, the grasping mechanism includes a hook, and a hanging ring is arranged at the end of the pulling rope. When the driving trolley moves circumferentially, the hook can be buckled into the hanging ring.

[0014] Preferably, the thickness of the cable of the driving trolley is not constant.

[0015] The beneficial effects of the present invention are as follows: 1. The inspection trolley travels along the tunnel. After reaching the inspection position, the grasping mechanism on the corresponding driving trolley can grasp the end of the pulling rope of the wire rope sensor, and then the driving trolley travels circumferentially along the tunnel, so that the pulling rope is gradually stretched. The deformation condition of the tunnel can be obtained by calculating the moving position of the driving trolley and the extending length of the pulling rope. Compared with the prior art, the inspection trolley of the present invention is not likely to affect the normal passage of operation vehicles and personnel in the tunnel during travel, and the wire rope sensor has the advantage of anti-environmental interference.

[0016] 2. By setting the initial spacing of the grasping mechanism and the wire-pulling sensor, the present invention can determine the usage scenario where the tunnel has not undergone obvious deformation and does not require monitoring, thereby improving the efficiency of tunnel deformation monitoring operations.

[0017] 3. The wire-pulling sensor is rotatably adapted to the detection trolley, and the driving mechanism enables the wire-pulling sensor to rotate as the driving trolley moves. In this way, the relative angle between the pulling rope and the wire-pulling sensor is not likely to change, and the pulling rope and the wire-pulling sensor are not likely to interfere or wear. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0018] Figure 1 is a schematic structural diagram of the embodiment; Figure 2 is a schematic structural diagram of another state of the embodiment; Figure 3 is Figure 2 an enlarged view of part A of Figure 4 is a schematic structural diagram of the winding rod.

[0019] Reference numerals: 1, detection trolley; 2, wire-pulling sensor; 3, driving trolley; 4, grasping mechanism; 5, pulling rope; 6, driving mechanism; 8, driving rod; 9, gear; 10, tooth-shaped structure; 11, winding rod; 12, wire reel; 13, driving spring; 14, hook; 15, hanging ring. DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE EMBODIMENTS

[0020] Next, the technical solutions of the present invention will be clearly and completely described in conjunction with the embodiments. Obviously, the described embodiments are only a part of the embodiments of the present invention, rather than all of the embodiments. Based on the embodiments of the present invention, all other embodiments obtained by those skilled in the art without creative efforts belong to the scope of protection of the present invention.

[0021] As Figure 1 , Figure 2 , Figure 3 shown, a tunnel soft surrounding rock large deformation fitting monitoring device includes a detection trolley 1 that can travel along the axial direction of the tunnel, and a plurality of driving trolleys 3 arranged at intervals along the axial direction in the tunnel. Among them, a wire-pulling sensor 2 is provided on the detection trolley 1, and the driving trolley 3 is adapted to be able to move along the circumferential direction of the tunnel, and a grasping mechanism 4 is also provided on the driving trolley 3.

[0022] The detection trolley 1 can move to face any driving trolley 3, and then the grasping mechanism 4 on the driving trolley 3 can grasp the pulling rope 5 on the wire rope sensor 2. The movement of the driving trolley 3 will pull the pulling rope 5 to gradually extend out of the wire rope sensor 2. For example, when the driving trolley 3 travels a preset distance, if the tunnel does not deform, the length of the pulling rope 5 should remain unchanged or not change significantly; otherwise, the change in the length of the pulling rope 5 can reflect the deformation of the tunnel.

[0023] In a possible approach, the contour shape of the entire tunnel can also be calculated by combining the moving distance of the driving trolley 3 and the length of the pulling rope 5, and the deformation situation can be obtained by comparing the contour shape with the designed tunnel contour shape. For example, detection components such as height sensors and displacement sensors (not shown in the figure) can also be provided on the driving trolley 3 to further assist in improving the monitoring results.

[0024] The wire rope sensor 2 is a prior art, and its specific working principle and how to obtain the length information of the pulling rope 5 will not be elaborated here. The movements of both the detection trolley 1 and the driving trolley 3 can be guided by tracks provided on the tunnel wall. For example, the track for guiding the movement of the detection trolley 1 can be laid along the axial direction of the tunnel, while the track for guiding the driving trolley 3 to travel can be laid on the arched surface of the tunnel.

[0025] The movement of the two trolleys can be achieved, for example, by a driving wheel mechanism powered by a storage battery. Especially for the detection trolley 1, which needs to move along the axial direction of the tunnel, it is not allowed for the detection trolley 1 to be connected with a too long cable. In some practices, charging points can be set at intervals in the tunnel to charge the storage battery. Of course, as will be mentioned below, the movement of the driving trolley 3 can be powered by a cable. For example, the method of providing energy for the two trolleys in the form of a pantograph receiving power can also be considered as an implementation scheme of the present invention.

[0026] In a specific example, the track for guiding the movement of the detection trolley 1 can be laid on the side of the tunnel, which makes it difficult for the detection trolley 1 to occupy the driving surface of the tunnel, and the electrical components of the driving trolley 3 can also be arranged on the side of the tunnel. On the one hand, the effect of avoiding occupation is achieved, and on the other hand, the cooperative connection between the driving trolley 3 and the detection trolley 1 will be more convenient. In a worse example, the track for guiding the movement of the detection trolley 1 can also be erected in the middle of the tunnel, and the tunnel space on both sides of the track is used for the walking of tunnel workers or the passage of small and medium-sized operation vehicles.

[0027] In some embodiments, the wire rope sensor 2 is preferably designed to be rotatably arranged on the detection trolley 1. At the same time, a driving mechanism 6 for rotating the wire rope sensor 2 is also provided on the detection trolley 1. Under the action of the driving mechanism 6, the present invention can have the following usage process: S1. The detection trolley 1 moves under the driving trolley 3, and the grasping mechanism 4 grasps the end of the pulling rope 5: S2. The driving trolley 3 fits against the inner wall of the tunnel and moves circumferentially. As the distance between the driving trolley 3 and the detection trolley 1 increases, the pulling rope 5 is gradually pulled out. At the same time, the driving mechanism 6 drives the wire drawing sensor 2 to rotate, and this rotation will make it difficult for the angle between the pulling rope 5 and the wire drawing sensor 2 to deflect.

[0028] S3. The driving trolley 3 returns. The pulling rope 5 automatically resets under the action of the torsion spring inside the wire drawing sensor 2, and the driving mechanism 6 drives the wire drawing sensor 2 to rotate in the corresponding reverse direction. During the return process, the present invention can realize the secondary detection of the tunnel cross-section. For example, it can be compared with the detection result of the forward journey or the intermediate value can be taken to improve the detection accuracy.

[0029] It can be imagined that if the wire drawing sensor 2 does not rotate during the above use process, as the driving trolley 3 laterally deviates relative to the moving trolley, the pulling rope 5 will gradually tilt relative to the wire drawing sensor 2, which will cause friction and interference between the pulling rope 5 and the wire outlet, and ultimately affect the monitoring accuracy. Through the rotation of the wire drawing sensor 2, the pulling rope 5 is not prone to relative deflection with it, and the wire drawing sensor 2 can achieve a better detection accuracy effect.

[0030] For example, the driving mechanism 6 may include a motor (not shown in the figure), and the motor is electrically connected to the driving end of the driving trolley 3 (such as the power system of the driving wheel of the driving trolley 3) through a controller. When the driving trolley 3 moves, the controller can receive parameters such as the moving distance and moving speed of the driving trolley 3, and thereby can control the motor to drive the wire drawing sensor 2 to rotate correspondingly to ensure that the pulling rope 5 and the wire drawing sensor 2 are not easily interfered.

[0031] In some embodiments, the grasping mechanism 4 may preferably be a pneumatic gripper or an electric gripper (not shown in the figure). The detection trolley 1 can move the wire drawing sensor 2 to face the grasping mechanism 4, and then the grasping mechanism 4 brakes. For example, after controlling the gripper to extend a preset distance and then clamp to achieve the grasping of the pulling rope 5. For example, an annular card slot or a similar loop structure convenient for the gripper to grip can also be provided at the end of the grasping rope.

[0032] The present invention also creatively proposes that there is an initial distance between the pulling rope 5 end adapted to the grasping mechanism 4 and the wire drawing sensor 2. For example, when the above gripper extends a preset distance, under the setting of this initial distance, the clamping of the gripper cannot achieve the grasping of the end of the grasping rope. In this case, it can be judged that the tunnel has not deformed or the degree of deformation is small, so there is no need to detect the tunnel cross-section, and the moving trolley can go to the next driving trolley 3 to repeat the above actions.

[0033] When the tunnel deforms to a certain extent, especially for a tunnel, from a general cross-section perspective, the crown and the springing are relatively weak structures. Under the action of external pressure, structural deformation often occurs first at these two parts, and the deformation of the tunnel is generally radially inward. Therefore, after the gripper still extends the preset distance, the clamping of the gripper will grasp the end of the pull rope 5. At this time, the present invention can execute the above S1 - S3 for the specific detection process.

[0034] For example, the grasping mechanism 4 may further include a hook 14, and a sling 15 is provided at the end of the pull rope 5. When the driving trolley 3 moves circumferentially, with the above initial spacing set, the hook 14 will not be caught in the sling 15; after the tunnel deforms, the movement of the driving trolley 3 can drive the hook 14 to be caught in the sling 15, thereby achieving the grasping of the pull rope 5 and the judgment of the cross-section to be detected.

[0035] In some other embodiments, the driving mechanism 6 may further include a driving rod 8 elastically arranged transversely on the detection trolley 1, and a gear 9 is provided on the rotating shaft of the wire-pulling sensor 2, and a toothed structure 10 meshing with the gear 9 is provided on the driving rod 8. In addition, a winding rod 11 is provided beside the detection trolley 1 in the tunnel. For example, an installation box is provided at the bottom of the track for guiding the movement of the driving trolley 3, and the installation box can be arranged along the axial direction of the tunnel, and the winding rod 11 is rotatably supported in the installation box.

[0036] The cable of the driving trolley 3 corresponding to the winding rod 11 can be wound on the winding rod 11, and the cable forms a cable reel 12 through this winding. And a torsion spring is connected to the winding rod 11 to realize the automatic winding of the cable when the driving trolley 3 returns. And a driving spring 13 is also connected to the above driving rod 8. Under the elastic force of the driving spring 13, the driving rod 8 can abut against the outer wall of the cable reel 12. The present invention may also have the following usage process: The detection trolley 1 moves along the axial direction of the tunnel. During this period, the driving rod 8 abuts against the outer wall of the installation box, and the driving spring 13 is in a compressed state; when the detection trolley 1 enters the detection position, the driving rod 8 will abut against the outer wall of the above cable reel 12, and the driving trolley 3 moves to pull the pull rope 5 out for detection. As the moving distance increases, the cable will be unwound from the winding rod 11, and the diameter of the cable reel 12 gradually decreases. The driving rod 8 pops out under the elastic force, thereby driving the wire-pulling sensor 2 to rotate so that the cable is not easily worn.

[0037] When the driving trolley 3 returns, the winding rod 11 rotates reversely under the action of the torsion spring force, so that the cable is rewound again, thereby pushing the driving rod 8 to retract, and driving the wire-pulling sensor 2 to rotate reversely so that the cable is not easily worn.

[0038] It can be recognized that the setting of the above installation box is not necessary. A limiting device for the driving rod 8 can also be set on the detection trolley 1. Before the detection trolley 1 enters the detection position, the driving rod 8 is kept in the retracted state through the limiting device; when the driving rod 8 is opposite to the wire reel 12, the driving rod 8 is released through the limiting device. For example, the limiting device can be an electromagnet. Or, the winding rod 11 can be adapted to be arranged along the axial direction of the tunnel, and a plurality of rotatable parts (not shown in the figure) are arranged on the winding rod 11, and recesses (not shown in the figure) are arranged on each rotatable part, and the cable is wound in the recesses. In particular, the diameter of the wire reel 12 matches the overall diameter of the winding rod 11, and the driving rod 8 can slide along the outer wall of the winding rod 11.

[0039] Actually, there are requirements for the rotation speed of the wire pulling sensor 2. In the foregoing embodiment, the rotation of the wire pulling sensor 2 depends on the calculation and control of the controller. In this embodiment, the form of cooperation between the wire reel 12 and the driving rod 8 can be used to drive the wire pulling sensor 2 to meet the requirements.

[0040] First, when the driving trolley 3 moves from left to right, at the beginning, the distance between the driving trolley 3 and the detection trolley 1 is relatively close, and the extension length of the cable is short. At this time, the wire pulling sensor 2 only needs to rotate a small angle to meet the requirement that there is no obvious swing between the cable and the driving trolley 3 after the driving trolley 3 moves per unit time; as the distance between the driving trolley 3 and the detection trolley 1 gradually increases and the extension length of the cable increases, when the driving trolley 3 moves per unit time at this time, the wire pulling sensor 2 needs to rotate a larger angle to make the cable have no obvious swing with it. For example, the driving trolley 3, the circumferential rotation axis of the driving trolley 3, and the rotation axis of the wire pulling rotator can be connected to form a triangle, and the above analysis process can be obtained through the calculation of trigonometric functions.

[0041] Second, in this embodiment, when the wire reel 12 is pulled out, the diameter of the wire reel 12 continuously decreases; at this time, when the driving trolley 3 continues to move per unit time, the number of turns of the cable pulled out from the wire reel 12 will increase, and the ejection distance of the driving rod 8 will increase, so that the wire pulling sensor 2 rotates by a larger amplitude.

[0042] As Figure 4 shown, in a better example, the cable thickness of the driving trolley 3 can also be adapted to be non-constant, that is, along the length direction of the cable, the cable thickness is set to be variable, which will make the diameter change of the wire reel 12 controllable when each turn of the cable on the wire reel 12 is extended or retracted, so as to control the expected ejection stroke of the driving rod 8 and enable the wire pulling sensor 2 to achieve a higher-precision expected rotation. For example, the outer shell of the cable can be manufactured to have different thicknesses during extrusion molding. Or, it can also be achieved by bonding rubber blocks with different thicknesses on the surface of the cable.

[0043] The above are only the preferred embodiments of the present invention. It should be understood that the present invention is not limited to the forms disclosed herein, and should not be regarded as excluding other embodiments. Instead, it can be used in various other combinations, modifications, and environments, and can be changed within the scope of the concept described herein through the above teachings or the techniques or knowledge in related fields. Any changes and variations made by those skilled in the art without departing from the spirit and scope of the present invention shall fall within the protection scope of the appended claims of the present invention.

Claims

1. A large-deformation fitting monitoring device for soft surrounding rock in tunnels, characterized in that: Comprising: A detection trolley (1), the detection trolley (1) being adapted to move along the axial direction of the tunnel, and a wire drawing sensor (2) being provided on the detection trolley (1); A driving trolley (3), the driving trolley (3) being adapted to move along the circumferential direction of the tunnel, and a grasping mechanism (4) being provided on the driving trolley (3), and a plurality of the driving trolleys (3) being arranged along the axial direction of the tunnel; Wherein, the detection trolley (1) can move to be opposite to different driving trolleys (3), the grasping mechanism (4) is adapted to be able to grasp the end of the wire rope (5) of the wire drawing sensor (2), and then the driving trolley (3) moves circumferentially and pulls the wire rope (5) to change the extended length.

2. The large deformation fitting monitoring device for soft surrounding rock of tunnels according to claim 1, characterized in that: The detection trolley (1) is arranged on the side of the tunnel.

3. The large deformation fitting monitoring device for soft surrounding rock of tunnel according to claim 1, wherein: An initial spacing is adapted to be provided between the grasping mechanism (4) and the end of the wire rope (5) of the wire drawing sensor (2), and at the initial spacing, the end of the wire rope (5) of the wire drawing sensor (2) is outside the grasping range of the grasping mechanism (4).

4. The large-deformation fitting monitoring device for soft surrounding rock of a tunnel according to claim 1, wherein: The wire drawing sensor (2) is rotatably arranged on the detection trolley (1), and a driving mechanism (6) for driving the wire drawing sensor (2) to rotate is further provided on the detection trolley (1), and the driving mechanism (6) is adapted to drive the wire drawing sensor (2) to rotate as the driving trolley (3) moves, so that the angle between the wire rope (5) and the wire drawing sensor (2) is relatively constant.

5. The large deformation fitting monitoring device for soft surrounding rock of tunnels according to claim 4, characterized in that: The driving mechanism (6) includes a motor, and the motor is electrically connected to the driving end of the driving trolley (3) through a controller.

6. The large-deformation fitting monitoring device for soft surrounding rock in tunnels according to any one of claims 1-5, characterized in that: The grasping mechanism (4) includes a pneumatic gripper or an electric gripper.

7. The large deformation fitting monitoring device for soft surrounding rock of tunnels according to claim 4, characterized in that: The driving mechanism (6) includes a driving rod (8) elastically bouncing in the transverse direction on the detection trolley (1), a gear (9) is arranged on the rotating shaft of the wire drawing sensor (2), and a tooth-shaped structure (10) is arranged on the side wall of the driving rod (8), and the tooth-shaped structure (10) meshes with the gear (9); A winding rod (11) is further arranged beside the detection trolley (1) in the tunnel, the cable of the driving trolley (3) is wound on the winding rod (11) to form a wire coil (12), and a torsion spring is connected to the winding rod (11); A driving spring (13) is connected to the driving rod (8), and the driving spring (13) is used to push the driving rod (8) to abut against the outer wall of the wire coil (12).

8. The large deformation fitting monitoring device for soft surrounding rock in tunnels according to claim 7, characterized in that: The grasping mechanism (4) includes a hook (14), and a hanging ring (15) is arranged at the end of the wire rope (5), and when the driving trolley (3) moves circumferentially, the hook (14) can be buckled into the hanging ring (15).

9. The large deformation fitting monitoring device for soft surrounding rock of tunnels according to claim 7, characterized in that: The thickness of the cable of the driving trolley (3) is non-constant.

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