Pixel structure, multispectral chip, electronic equipment and spectral calculation method

Abstract

The invention provides a pixel structure, a multispectral chip, electronic equipment and a spectrum calculation method. The pixel structure comprises a light sensing unit and a light filtering unit, the light sensing unit is used for acquiring light of different wave bands to obtain spectral information of each channel, different channels correspond to the spectral information of different wave bands, the light filtering unit is arranged on one side of the light sensing unit and located on a light sensing path of the light sensing unit, and the light filtering unit is arranged on the light sensing path of the light sensing unit. The light filtering unit filters the light entering the light sensing unit and enables the light of at least two different wavebands to pass through. According to the multispectral chip provided by the invention, the light rays of at least two different wavebands can penetrate through the light filtering unit, so that one pixel structure can simultaneously obtain the spectral information of at least two different wavebands, the physical interval between the two wavebands is reduced, the resolution is improved, the spectral information is not easy to lose, and the later imaging effect is improved.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This application relates to the field of multispectral technology, and specifically relates to a pixel structure, a multispectral chip, an electronic device, and a spectral calculation method. Background Art

[0002] Multispectral chips have the advantages of small size, light weight, low power consumption, and fast analysis, and thus have a wide range of applications in the field of spectral analysis. It can be used in fields such as spectral imaging, spectral sensing, chemical analysis, and biomedical detection, providing a new solution for real-time monitoring and fast analysis.

[0003] For the multispectral chips in the related art, the imaging effect still needs to be improved. Summary of the Invention

[0004] Embodiments of this application provide a pixel structure, a multispectral chip, an electronic device, and a spectral calculation method.

[0005] In a first aspect, embodiments of this application provide a pixel structure, including:

[0006] Including a pixel structure, the pixel structure includes:

[0007] A photosensitive unit, configured to obtain light of different bands to obtain spectral information of each channel, where different channels correspond to spectral information of different bands;

[0008] A filter unit, disposed on one side of the photosensitive unit, the filter unit being located on the light-sensing path of the photosensitive unit, where the filter unit filters the light entering the photosensitive unit and allows at least two lights of different bands to pass through.

[0009] In one embodiment, the filter unit includes at least one first filter film and at least one second filter film, the refractive index of the first filter film is greater than that of the second filter film, and the first filter film and the second filter film are alternately arranged.

[0010] In one embodiment, the thicknesses of different first filter films are different; and / or,

[0011] The thicknesses of different second filter films are different; and / or,

[0012] The thicknesses of the first filter film and the second filter film are different; and / or

[0013] The thicknesses of the first filter film and the second filter film are the same.

[0014] In one embodiment, the filter unit includes at least two filter regions, and different filter regions allow lights of different bands to pass through.

[0015] In one embodiment, the thicknesses of different ones of the light filtering regions are different; and / or, the materials of different ones of the light filtering regions are different.

[0016] In one embodiment, the pixel structure further includes a protective layer disposed between the light filtering unit and the photosensitive unit.

[0017] In one embodiment, the material of the protective layer is yttrium oxide or yttrium trioxide or diamond or ytterbium oxide.

[0018] In a second aspect, an embodiment of the present application provides a multispectral chip, including at least two pixel structures as described above. The at least two pixel structures include a first pixel structure and a second pixel structure, wherein,

[0019] The light filtering unit of the first pixel structure is capable of transmitting light in a first band set, and the light filtering unit of the second pixel structure is capable of transmitting light in a second band set, and the first band set and the second band set partially overlap; and / or,

[0020] The first pixel structure and the second pixel structure are of the same structure.

[0021] In a third aspect, an embodiment of the present application provides an electronic device including the above-described multispectral chip.

[0022] In a fourth aspect, an embodiment of the present application provides a spectral calculation method. The light filtering unit is capable of transmitting light in a band set, and the band set includes at least two different bands. The spectral calculation method includes:

[0023] Obtaining an actual distance between the photosensitive unit and the object to be measured;

[0024] Based on the actual distance and a database, determining a proportion of light of different bands in the band set;

[0025] wherein the database includes proportions of light of different bands in the band set when the photosensitive unit and the object to be measured are at different distances.

[0026] Advantageous effects of the embodiments of the present application:

[0027] In the embodiments of the present application, the photosensitive unit can acquire spectral information of different bands corresponding to different channels for spectral imaging. The photosensitive unit and the filter unit are in one-to-one correspondence. The filter unit can filter the light entering the photosensitive unit, so that light of two or more specific bands can pass through the filter unit and enter the photosensitive unit, enabling the photosensitive unit corresponding to one pixel to acquire spectral information of two or more different bands. That is to say, by setting the filter unit to be able to transmit light of at least two different bands, the present application enables one pixel structure to simultaneously acquire spectral information of at least two different bands, reduces the physical interval between the two bands, improves the resolution, and is not prone to losing spectral information, which is beneficial to improving the later imaging effect. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0028] To more clearly illustrate the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present application, the following will briefly introduce the drawings required for the description of the embodiments. Obviously, the following drawings are only some embodiments of the present application. For those skilled in the art, without creative efforts, other drawings can be obtained based on these drawings.

[0029] Figure 1 is one of the schematic structural diagrams of the multispectral chip provided by the embodiments of the present application;

[0030] Figure 2 is another schematic structural diagram of the multispectral chip provided by the embodiments of the present application;

[0031] Figure 3 is the schematic structural diagram of the filter unit provided by the embodiments of the present application;

[0032] Figure 4 is the schematic structural diagram of the first pixel structure provided by the embodiments of the present application;

[0033] Figure 5 is the schematic structural diagram of the second pixel structure provided by the embodiments of the present application;

[0034] Figure 6 is the schematic exploded view of the multispectral chip provided by the embodiments of the present application;

[0035] Figure 7 is the schematic diagram of the light band arrangement of the twelve-channel multispectral chip of the related technology provided by the embodiments of the present application;

[0036] Figure 8 is the schematic diagram of the pixel arrangement provided by the embodiments of the present application;

[0037] Figure 9 is the flowchart of the spectral calculation method provided by the embodiments of the present application.

[0038] Description of the reference numerals in the drawings:

[0039] 1. Photosensitive chip; 2. Filter layer; 3. Protective layer; 4. First pixel structure; 5. Second pixel structure; 6. Fresnel lens; 7. Lens; 8. Ranging unit; 11. Photosensitive unit; 21. Filter unit; 211. First filter film; 212. Second filter film. Detailed implementation manners

[0040] The technical solutions in the embodiments of the present application will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the accompanying drawings in the embodiments of the present application. Obviously, the described embodiments are only a part of the embodiments of the present application, rather than all the embodiments. All other embodiments obtained by those skilled in the art based on the embodiments of the present application without creative efforts shall fall within the protection scope of the present application. In addition, it should be understood that the specific implementation manners described herein are only for explaining and illustrating the present application, and are not used to limit the present application. In the present application, unless otherwise stated, the orientation words such as "upper" and "lower" generally refer to the upper and lower in the actual use or working state of the device, specifically the drawing direction in the accompanying drawings; and "inner" and "outer" refer to the outline of the device.

[0041] The following will be combined with Figures 1 to 8 to describe the pixel structure, multi-spectral chip, electronic device and spectral calculation method of the present application. Figure 2 、 Figure 4 and Figure 5 The letters in represent different wavelength bands. For example, in Figure 2 , a, b, c and d represent that the filter unit can transmit light in the a wavelength band, b wavelength band, c wavelength band and d wavelength band.

[0042] According to the embodiment of the first aspect of the present application, as shown in Figure 2 and Figure 3 , the pixel structure includes:

[0043] A photosensitive unit 11 for obtaining light of different wavelength bands to obtain spectral information of each channel, where different channels correspond to spectral information of different wavelength bands;

[0044] A filter unit 21 disposed on one side of the photosensitive unit 11, and the filter unit 21 is located on the light-sensing path of the photosensitive unit 11. The filter unit 21 filters the light entering the photosensitive unit 11 and allows at least two different wavelength bands of light to pass through.

[0045] According to the pixel structure of the embodiments of the present application, the photosensitive unit 11 can obtain spectral information of different bands corresponding to different channels for spectral imaging. The photosensitive unit 11 and the filter unit 21 are in one-to-one correspondence. The filter unit 21 can filter the light entering the photosensitive unit 11, so that light of more than two specific bands can pass through the filter unit 21 and enter the photosensitive unit 11, enabling the photosensitive unit 11 corresponding to one pixel to obtain spectral information of more than two different bands. That is to say, by setting the filter unit 21 to be able to transmit light of at least two different bands, the present application enables one pixel structure to simultaneously obtain spectral information of at least two different bands, reduces the physical interval between the two bands, improves the resolution, and is not prone to losing spectral information, which is beneficial to improving the later imaging effect.

[0046] It can be understood that in the related art, as Figure 2 shown, the implementation structure of the traditional RGB sensor is that each PD photosensitive unit 11 is combined with 1 corresponding filter unit 21 to form 1 pixel. To obtain spectral information of the three bands of red, yellow, and blue, at least 3 pixel units are required. Due to the sensitivity of the human eye to green, two green filter units 21 are distributed among every 4 pixels. If more bands, such as 12 optical band information, are to be obtained, at least 12 pixels are required. No matter what arrangement is used, it will cause too large a physical interval between pixels in the same band or adjacent bands, resulting in too low a resolution and loss of spectral information.

[0047] For example Figure 7 in a 12-band spectral arrangement, 12 different optical bands are arranged in a 4x3 format. Then, the adjacent two identical channels (such as B12) are separated by 3 other band pixel units horizontally and 2 other band pixel units vertically. This easily causes excessive loss of spectral information of the same band and poor later imaging effect.

[0048] As Figure 8 shown, in the present application, by setting the filter unit 21 to be able to transmit light of at least two different bands, one pixel unit can simultaneously obtain spectral information of multiple bands. For example, the filter unit 21 can transmit 12 bands, that is, one pixel unit can obtain 12 optical band information. Furthermore, there is no pixel unit separation between the adjacent two identical channels horizontally and vertically, effectively reducing the physical interval between the two bands, improving the resolution, and being not prone to losing spectral information, which is beneficial to improving the later imaging effect.

[0049] It can be understood that in the related art, 12 channels need to correspond to 12 pixels, that is, to implement the minimum photosensitive unit 11 of n bands, n pixel points are required. When the value of n is too large, it is easy to cause a decrease in spatial resolution. In this application, multiple channels (such as 12 channels) are integrated into one pixel. That is, when implementing the minimum photosensitive unit 11 of multiple bands, only 1 pixel point may be required, which is beneficial to improving the spatial resolution.

[0050] In some embodiments, such as Figure 3 , the filter unit 21 includes at least one first filter film 211 and at least one second filter film 212. The refractive index of the first filter film 211 is greater than that of the second filter film 212, and the first filter film 211 and the second filter film 212 are alternately arranged.

[0051] It can be understood that by alternately stacking the first filter film 211 and the second filter film 212 with different refractive indexes to form the filter unit 21, the filter unit 21 can transmit light of at least two different bands, so as to obtain light of multiple different bands by using the same filter unit 21. That is, the spectral splitting structures of multiple bands are the same. Furthermore, when preparing the filter unit 21 of this application, there is no need for repeated etching, cleaning and other steps, the process is simple, and the cost is low.

[0052] In some examples, this application adopts the multilayer film technology, which is composed of alternately stacking a high-refractive-index filter film (such as titanium oxide, specifically titanium oxide or titanium dioxide) and a low-refractive-index filter film (such as SiO2). By combining their different thicknesses, at least one narrowband transmission peak light band is transmitted through the filter unit 21, so as to realize that a single filter unit 21 transmits light bands of multiple independent narrowband transmission peaks, such as 2, 4, 7, etc. For example, 4 independent narrowband transmission peak bands with central wavelengths of 450 nm, 550 nm, 650 nm, and 750 nm are realized through 1 filter unit 21.

[0053] It should be noted that according to the functional requirements and index parameter requirements, the wavelength range of the transmitted narrowband transmission peak can be made to be the central wavelength ±(1 nm - 100 nm), and the full width at half maximum FWHM ≤(1 nm - 100 nm) by adjusting the materials used for the first filter film 211 and the second filter film 212, the arrangement method of alternately stacking high and low refractive index materials, and the thickness combination method. For example, if the central wavelength of the transmitted light is 550 nm, the actual wavelength range of the transmitted narrowband transmission peak is 550 nm ±(1 nm - 100 nm); if the central wavelength is 450 nm, the wavelength range of the narrowband transmission peak is 450 nm ±(1 nm - 100 nm). The crosstalk suppression between multiple narrowband transmission peaks transmitted by the same filter unit 21 is low enough, such as the adjacent band isolation degree ≥30 dB, so that the optical channel data after corresponding quantum response has sufficient independence.

[0054] In some examples, the materials of the first filter film 211 and the second filter film 212 can be any one of aluminum (Al), chromium (Cr), gold (Au), silver (Ag), silicon (Si), germanium (Ge), aluminum oxide (Al2O3), cerium oxide (CeO2), hafnium dioxide (HfO2), indium tin oxide (ITO), magnesium oxide (MgO), niobium pentoxide (Nb2O5), silicon monoxide (SiO), silicon dioxide (SiO2), titanium dioxide (TiO2), titanium trioxide (Ti3O5), tantalum pentoxide (Ta2O5), yttrium oxide (Y2O3), zinc oxide (ZnO), zirconium dioxide (ZrO2), aluminum fluoride (AlF3), magnesium fluoride (MgF2), calcium fluoride (CaF2), ytterbium fluoride (YbF3), yttrium fluoride (YF3), zinc sulfide (ZnS), and zinc selenide (ZnSe).

[0055] Specifically, the thicknesses of different first filter films 211 are different.

[0056] It can be understood that when the number of the first filter films 211 is at least two, by adjusting the thicknesses of different first filter films 211 to make them different, the number of light wavebands that can be transmitted by the filter unit 21 composed of the first filter films 211 can be changed, or the waveband range of the light rays that can be transmitted by the filter unit 21 can be changed.

[0057] Specifically, the thicknesses of different second filter films 212 are different.

[0058] It can be understood that when the number of the second filter films 212 is at least two, by adjusting the thicknesses of different second filter films 212 to make them different, the number of light wavebands that can be transmitted by the filter unit 21 composed of the second filter films 212 can be changed, or the waveband range of the light rays that can be transmitted by the filter unit 21 can be changed.

[0059] Specifically, the thicknesses of the first filter film 211 and the second filter film 212 are different.

[0060] It can be understood that by adjusting the thicknesses of the first filter film 211 and the second filter film 212 to make them different, the number of light wavebands that can be transmitted by the filter unit 21 composed of the first filter film 211 and the second filter film 212 can be changed, or the waveband range of the light rays that can be transmitted by the filter unit 21 can be changed.

[0061] In some examples, the thicknesses of the first filter film 211 and the second filter film 212 can also be the same.

[0062] In some embodiments, the filter unit 21 includes at least two filter regions, and different filter regions allow light of different wavelength bands to pass through.

[0063] It can be understood that different filter regions can transmit light of different wavelength bands, so that the filter unit 21 can simultaneously transmit light of at least two different wavelength bands.

[0064] Specifically, the thicknesses of different filter regions are different.

[0065] It can be understood that by making the thicknesses of the filter media in different filter regions different, different filter regions can transmit light of different wavelength bands.

[0066] Specifically, the materials of different filter regions are different.

[0067] It can be understood that by making the materials of the filter media in different filter regions different, different filter regions can transmit light of different wavelength bands.

[0068] In some embodiments, the pixel structure further includes a protective layer 3, and the protective layer 3 is disposed between the filter unit 21 and the photosensitive unit 11.

[0069] It can be understood that the protective layer 3 can protect the photosensitive unit 11 and prevent damage to the photosensitive unit 11.

[0070] Specifically, the material of the protective layer 3 is yttrium oxide or yttrium oxide or diamond or ytterbium oxide.

[0071] It can be understood that the protective layer 3 made of yttrium oxide or yttrium oxide or diamond or ytterbium oxide has a stable structure and can resist multiple ion beam bombardments, ensuring that the protective layer 3 can effectively and stably protect the photosensitive unit 11.

[0072] According to the embodiments of the second aspect of the present application, as Figure 4 and Figure 5 , the spectral chip includes at least two of the above pixel structures, and the at least two pixel structures include a first pixel structure 4 and a second pixel structure 5.

[0073] In some embodiments, the filter unit 21 of the first pixel structure 4 can transmit light of a first wavelength band set, and the filter unit 21 of the second pixel structure 5 can transmit light of a second wavelength band set, and the first wavelength band set and the second wavelength band set partially overlap.

[0074] It can be understood that the light filtering units 21 with different pixel structures can all transmit light in multiple bands, that is, different pixel structures all have multiple channels. And the bands of light that the light filtering units 21 with different pixel structures can transmit partially overlap, indicating that different pixel structures have at least one identical channel. Furthermore, different pixel structures can be linked together through the identical channel. That is, when the proportional relationship of light in different bands in one pixel structure is calculated, the proportional relationship of light in different bands in different pixel structures can be further calculated, establishing a linear relationship between multiple pixels and establishing a linear relationship for all spectral data in different bands, thus quickly realizing the expansion of multiple bands, and further facilitating the reduction of the algorithm complexity of the multispectral chip.

[0075] Specifically, among the bands that the first pixel structure 4 can transmit, at least one band is the same as the band that the second pixel structure 5 can transmit. When the component ratio of light in different bands in the first pixel structure 4 is calculated and the imaging of the first pixel structure 4 is realized, through the common band of the first pixel structure 4 and the second pixel structure 5, the proportional relationship between multiple bands in the first pixel structure 4 and multiple bands in the second pixel structure 5 can be known. Furthermore, it is beneficial to the imaging of the second pixel structure 5 without separately calculating the component ratio of light in different bands in the second pixel structure 5, which is beneficial to reducing the algorithm complexity of the multispectral chip.

[0076] In some examples, at each pixel point, through different thickness combinations of high and low refractive index materials, different pixel points transmit narrowband transmission peaks with different numbers and different wavelengths, such as Figure 5 shown, the light filtering unit 21 of the first pixel structure 4 transmits light in bands A1, A2, A3,..., a, and the light filtering unit 21 of the second pixel structure 5 transmits light in bands B1, A2, A3,..., a, where a represents the band with the same wavelength, and the purpose is to establish a connection between the gray values of pixels A and B. Figure 5 In, the number of light bands passed by the first pixel structure 4 and the second pixel structure 5 is not necessarily the same. For example, the first pixel structure 4 can pass 3 bands of 430 nm, 450 nm, and 480 nm, and the second pixel structure 5 can pass 5 bands of 430 nm, 510 nm, 540 nm, 590 nm, and 650 nm, where 430 nm is the common wavelength band between the two.

[0077] In some embodiments, the first pixel structure 4 and the second pixel structure 5 are of the same structure.

[0078] It can be understood that when one pixel structure can meet the number of channels required by the multispectral chip, the first pixel structure 4 and the second pixel structure 5 can be designed to be of the same structure.

[0079] It can be understood that when the multi-spectral chip needs to implement An + Bn + 1 channels, the first pixel structure can implement An + 1 channels, and the second pixel structure can implement Bn + 1 channels. The common channels are used to associate the first pixel structure and the second pixel structure. When the multi-spectral chip needs An + 1 or Bn + 1 channels, it means that one pixel structure can meet the requirements. Therefore, the first pixel structure 4 and the second pixel structure 5 can be directly designed to have the same structure, which is beneficial to reducing the production difficulty and improving the production efficiency.

[0080] Exemplarily, An = Bn.

[0081] In some embodiments, such as Figure 1 , the multi-spectral chip includes:

[0082] A photosensitive chip 1 for obtaining light of different bands to obtain spectral information of each channel, where different channels correspond to spectral information of different bands;

[0083] A filter layer 2 disposed outside the photosensitive chip 1. The filter layer 2 is located on the light-sensing path of the photosensitive chip 1 so that the filter layer 2 can filter the light entering the photosensitive chip 1.

[0084] According to the multi-spectral chip of the embodiment of the present application, the photosensitive chip 1 can obtain spectral information of different bands corresponding to different channels for spectral imaging, and the filter layer 2 can filter the light entering the photosensitive chip 1 to allow light of a specific band to enter the photosensitive chip 1.

[0085] The filter layer 2 is disposed outside the photosensitive chip 1, that is, the filter layer 2 does not need to be encapsulated in the photosensitive chip 1, and the filter layer 2 is independently disposed of the photosensitive chip 1. Further, when manufacturing the multi-spectral chip, the filter layer 2 can be manufactured separately, and the size of the filter layer 2 is not limited by the photosensitive chip 1, which is beneficial to simplifying the manufacturing process of the filter layer 2, reducing the manufacturing difficulty of the filter layer 2, reducing the manufacturing cost of the filter layer 2, and further reducing the manufacturing process difficulty of the multi-spectral chip and the cost of the multi-spectral chip.

[0086] It can be understood that in the multi-spectral chips in the related art, generally, the photosensitive unit 11 and the filter unit 21 are concentrated together inside the chip, so that the photosensitive unit 11 and the filter unit 21 correspond one by one. As a result, the size of the filter unit 21 is greatly limited, leading to relatively high requirements for the processing accuracy of the filter unit 21, great processing difficulty, complex processes, and high costs. In contrast, in the present application, the filter layer 2 is independent of the photosensitive chip 1. The size of the filter layer 2 in the present application can be larger than that of the filter layer 2 in the related art, that is, the filter unit 21 in the present application can be larger than the filter unit 21 of the multi-spectral chip in the related art, effectively reducing the requirements for the processing accuracy of the filter unit 21 and the filter layer 2, reducing the processing difficulty, and facilitating the simplification of the processes and cost reduction of the multi-spectral chip.

[0087] It can be understood that in the multi-spectral chips in the related art, generally, the photosensitive unit 11 and the filter unit 21 are concentrated together inside the chip, making it difficult to replace the filter unit 21. In the present application, the filter layer 2 is arranged outside the photosensitive chip 1, facilitating the replacement of the filter unit 21 and the filter layer 2. By replacing the filter layer 2 that transmits different wavelengths and quantities of light, multi-spectral imaging with different quantities and wavelengths can be achieved, which is conducive to quickly realizing product iteration and expansion.

[0088] In some embodiments, the filter layer 2 is arranged at an interval from the photosensitive chip 1.

[0089] It can be understood that arranging the filter layer 2 at an interval from the photosensitive chip 1 makes the filter layer 2 independent of the photosensitive chip 1, so that the size of the filter layer 2 is not restricted by the photosensitive chip 1, which is conducive to simplifying the manufacturing process of the filter layer 2, reducing the manufacturing difficulty of the filter layer 2, reducing the manufacturing cost of the filter layer 2, and further reducing the manufacturing process difficulty of the multi-spectral chip and the cost of the multi-spectral chip.

[0090] In some embodiments, the filter layer 2 is arranged on the outer surface of the photosensitive chip 1.

[0091] It can be understood that connecting the filter layer 2 to the outer surface of the photosensitive chip 1 makes the filter layer 2 independent of the photosensitive chip 1, and at the same time enables the filter layer 2 and the photosensitive chip 1 to be connected together, ensuring the integration and structural compactness of the multi-spectral chip.

[0092] In some embodiments, the filter layer 2 is detachably connected to the photosensitive chip 1.

[0093] It can be understood that if the filter layer 2 is detachably connected to the photosensitive chip 1, it is convenient for the disassembly and assembly of the filter layer 2, and thus convenient for replacing the filter layer 2. By replacing the filter layer 2 that transmits different wavelengths and quantities of light, multi-spectral imaging with different quantities and wavelengths can be achieved, which is conducive to quickly realizing product iteration and expansion.

[0094] In some embodiments, the photosensitive chip 1 includes photosensitive units 11. The multispectral chip assembly further includes a protective layer, which is disposed between the filter layer and the photosensitive units. The orthographic projection of the photosensitive units 11 on the protective layer is located within the orthographic projection of the filter layer 2 on the protective layer.

[0095] It can be understood that since the orthographic projection of the photosensitive units 11 on the protective layer is located within the orthographic projection of the filter layer 2 on the protective layer, it is ensured that the light entering the photosensitive units 11 will first pass through the filter layer 2, thus ensuring the filtering effect of the filter layer 2.

[0096] In some embodiments, such as Figure 2 , the filter layer 2 includes filter units 21, and the size of the filter units 21 is larger than the size of the photosensitive units 11.

[0097] It can be understood that since the filter layer 2 is disposed outside the photosensitive chip 1 and is not restricted by the photosensitive chip 1, the size of the filter units 21 of the filter layer 2 can be larger than the size of the photosensitive units 11. On the one hand, this ensures the filtering effect of the filter units 21, and on the other hand, it can reduce the processing difficulty and cost of the filter units 21.

[0098] It should be noted that the size of the filter units can also be smaller than the size of the photosensitive units, as long as it is ensured that only the filtered wavelength band is transmitted to the photosensitive units. That is to say, it is necessary to design the photosensitive channels to avoid light, ensuring that only the light passing through the filter units is incident on the photosensitive units and the light after the filter layer is not contaminated.

[0099] In some examples, an optical amplification device is provided between the filter units and the photosensitive units to amplify the optical signal passing through the filter units.

[0100] In some examples, a solar panel can also be used as the photosensitive chip.

[0101] In some embodiments, the filter layer 2 includes filter units 21, the photosensitive chip 1 includes a plurality of photosensitive units 11, the plurality of photosensitive units 11 are disposed opposite to the filter units 21, and the filter units 21 are used to filter the light entering the plurality of photosensitive units 11.

[0102] It can be understood that one filter unit 21 can simultaneously filter multiple photosensitive units 11, that is, multiple photosensitive units 11 share one filter unit 21, and there is no need to separately provide a corresponding filter unit 21 for each photosensitive unit 11, and the size of the filter units 21 is enlarged, thereby reducing the processing difficulty and cost of the multispectral chip.

[0103] According to the embodiments of the third aspect of the present application, such as Figure 6 , the electronic device includes the above multispectral chip.

[0104] In some embodiments, such asFigure 6 The electronic device further includes a Fresnel lens 6, which is disposed on one side of the photosensitive chip 1 and is located on the light sensing path of the photosensitive unit 11.

[0105] It can be understood that by arranging the Fresnel lens 6 on the light sensing path of the photosensitive unit 11, since the Fresnel lens 6 has functions such as condensing light, collimating light, and expanding light beam, the light intensity can be increased, which is conducive to improving indicators such as the signal-to-noise ratio, light transmittance, and channel ratio of the multispectral chip.

[0106] Specifically, the filter layer 2 is located between the Fresnel lens 6 and the photosensitive chip 1.

[0107] It can be understood that after the light is condensed by the Fresnel lens 6 and then transmitted to the filter layer 2, and after being filtered by the filter layer 2, the light of a specific wavelength band can be transmitted to the photosensitive chip 1.

[0108] Specifically, the Fresnel lens 6 is located between the photosensitive chip 1 and the filter layer 2.

[0109] It can be understood that after the light is filtered by the filter layer 2, the light of a specific wavelength band is transmitted to the Fresnel lens 6, and then under the actions of condensing light, collimating light, and expanding light beam of the Fresnel lens 6, the light is transmitted to the photosensitive chip 1.

[0110] In some embodiments, such as Figure 6 the electronic device further includes a lens 7, which is located on the light sensing path of the photosensitive unit 11.

[0111] Specifically, the shape of the filter layer 2 is adapted to the shape of the Fresnel lens 6.

[0112] It can be understood that the shape of the filter layer 2 is adapted to the shape of the Fresnel lens, so that the filter layer 2 and the Fresnel lens 6 can be stacked together in a fitting manner, which is conducive to improving the structural compactness of the electronic device.

[0113] Specifically, the shape of the filter layer 2 is adapted to the shape of the lens 7.

[0114] It can be understood that the shape of the filter layer 2 is adapted to the shape of the lens 7, so that the filter layer 2 and the lens 7 can be stacked together in a fitting manner, which is conducive to improving the structural compactness of the electronic device.

[0115] Specifically, the shape of the Fresnel lens 6 is adapted to the shape of the lens 7.

[0116] It can be understood that the shape of the lens 7 is adapted to the shape of the Fresnel lens, so that the lens 7 and the Fresnel lens 6 can be stacked together in a fitting manner, which is conducive to improving the structural compactness of the electronic device.

[0117] In some embodiments, the electronic device includes a housing, a photosensitive chip 1 is installed in the housing, and a filter layer 2 is detachably connected to the housing so that the filter layer 2 can be switched between a first position and a second position. Wherein, in the first position, the filter layer 2 is located on the light-sensing path of the photosensitive unit 11, and in the second position, the filter layer 2 is disposed at an interval from the light-sensing path of the photosensitive unit 11.

[0118] It can be understood that the filter layer 2 is detachably connected to the housing, which facilitates the disassembly and assembly of the filter layer 2 and the replacement of the filter layer 2. When the electronic device is in use, the filter layer 2 is installed on the housing so that the filter layer 2 is in the first position, enabling the filter layer 2 to filter the light entering the photosensitive unit 11. When it is necessary to replace the filter layer 2, the current filter layer 2 is placed in the second position, and then a new filter layer 2 is installed on the housing and placed in the first position.

[0119] According to the embodiments of the fourth aspect of the present application, as Figure 1 、 Figure 2 and Figure 9 , the filter unit can transmit light in a combined wavelength band, and the combined wavelength band includes at least two different wavelength bands; the spectral calculation method includes:

[0120] Step 101: Obtain the actual distance between the photosensitive unit and the object to be measured;

[0121] It can be understood that after the light irradiates the object to be measured and is reflected by the object to be measured, the light will be transmitted to the photosensitive unit. By obtaining the actual distance between the photosensitive unit and the object to be measured, the distance that the light travels from the object to be measured to the photosensitive unit can be determined.

[0122] In some examples, the distance between the photosensitive unit and the object to be measured can be detected by a ranging unit 8, such as an ultrasonic ranging unit 8 or other ranging components.

[0123] Step 102: Determine the proportion of light in different wavelength bands in the combined wavelength band based on the actual distance and the database;

[0124] Wherein, the database includes the proportion of light in different wavelength bands in the combined wavelength band when the photosensitive unit and the object to be measured are at different distances.

[0125] It can be understood that after obtaining the actual distance between the object to be measured and the photosensitive unit, since the database stores the proportion of light in different wavelength bands in the combined wavelength band when the photosensitive unit and the object to be measured are at different distances, by comparing the actual distance with the data, it is possible to know the proportion of light in different wavelength bands in the combined wavelength band at the current distance between the photosensitive unit and the object to be measured. Furthermore, the light in the combined wavelength band can be analyzed to obtain the weights of different monochromatic light components in the mixed light, thereby realizing the decomposition of the mixed spectrum corresponding to the combined wavelength band.

[0126] According to the spectral calculation method of the embodiments of the present application, the filter unit can filter the light reflected by the object to be measured. The filter unit can transmit light of at least two different bands, so that the photosensitive unit can receive light of at least two different bands. When the photosensitive unit receives light of different bands, the actual distance between the photosensitive unit and the object to be measured can be obtained, and the actual distance is compared with that in the database. Furthermore, the light of the band set that the filter unit can transmit can be determined, that is, the proportion of the light of different bands in the mixed light received by the photosensitive unit, so as to realize the decomposition of the mixed spectrum, and the proportion of the components of the light of different bands in the mixed light can be determined. That is to say, the present application can enable the filter unit to transmit different lights simultaneously, so that the photosensitive unit can receive light of different bands simultaneously, and the photosensitive unit can sense light of different bands simultaneously, which is beneficial to the optimization of the multispectral chip.

[0127] It should be noted that when the photosensitive unit and the object to be measured are at different distances, it means that the distance between the photosensitive unit and the object to be measured is at different values. That is to say, the database includes the proportion of the light of different bands in the band set when the distance between the photosensitive unit and the object to be measured is the first distance, the proportion of the light of different bands in the band set when the distance between the photosensitive unit and the object to be measured is the second distance, and so on. The specific number of distances can be determined according to the actual situation.

[0128] It can be understood that in the related art, the core principle of separating different spectra from the mixed light is to decompose the mixed light into monochromatic light of its component wavelengths through dispersion or filtering techniques. Common methods include prism dispersion method, diffraction grating method, interference method, fiber optic spectroscopy method, and filtering method. The prism dispersion method uses the different refractive indices of the prism for lights of different wavelengths to cause the mixed light to be dispersed after passing through the prism, and separate the spectra of different wavelengths. This method is simple and intuitive to implement, but is only applicable to the visible light range, and has poor separation effects on ultraviolet and infrared lights. The diffraction grating method uses the diffraction characteristics of the grating to decompose the mixed light into spectra of different wavelengths. This method has high separation accuracy and is also applicable to a wide wavelength range, but the equipment cost is high and precise calibration is required. The interference method uses an interferometer to divide the mixed light into two beams, and separates the lights of different wavelengths through interference fringes. This method has extremely high resolution and is applicable to complex spectral analysis, but the equipment is complex and the operation difficulty is large. The fiber optic spectroscopy method uses the combination of optical fiber and spectrometer to transmit the mixed light into the spectrometer for separation and analysis. This method is flexible and portable and is applicable to on-site detection, but is limited by the optical fiber transmission loss and has limited separation effect.

[0129] The filtering method uses an optical filter to selectively transmit light of a specific wavelength and filter out other wavelengths. It is widely used in hyperspectral imaging, fluorescence detection, and optical communication. This method is highly flexible and can also select specific wavelengths according to requirements. It is the preferred method for spectral channel separation in hyperspectral imaging. Therefore, based on hyperspectral filtering imaging, this application proposes a method for inferring the contribution ratio of single-wavelength light from mixed light, which further enriches the hyperspectral imaging channels while retaining the advantages of hyperspectral filtering imaging, realizes high-precision spectral imaging at low cost, and can be iteratively upgraded quickly and at low cost.

[0130] That is to say, in the related art, the mixed spectral decomposition technology mainly focuses on two aspects. On the one hand, based on the characteristics of light, spectral splitting is achieved through specific devices, such as the dispersion of light, the diffraction of light, the interference of light, etc. Such technologies have high requirements for the accuracy of the devices, and the device costs are high, making it impossible to achieve low-cost and efficient promotion and application. On the other hand, the separation of mixed spectra is achieved through computational methods. Common methods include the mixed spectral decomposition method based on deep learning and the mixed light decomposition system based on sparse representation. The method based on deep learning has certain data dependencies and requires a large amount of labeled data for training, resulting in high data acquisition costs. At the same time, the deep learning model has a large amount of calculations and relatively high requirements for hardware. The mixed light decomposition method based on sparse representation does not rely on large models, but this method is sensitive to noise, and the decomposition accuracy is easily limited, with low applicability. This application takes into account the advantages and disadvantages of the deep learning method and the sparse representation method, and proposes a method for inferring the contribution ratio of single wavelength from mixed light at the algorithm level. This method is based on separately imaging monochromatic light and mixed light, and calculates the weights of different monochromatic light components in the mixed light through the imaging results of monochromatic light and mixed light, thereby realizing the decomposition of mixed spectra. It is also possible to simulate hyperspectral imaging under different environments by combining different distances and different angles as variable conditions, extract the proportional distribution of each monochromatic light component in the mixed light under this condition, and establish a mixed light decomposition model to achieve high-precision hyperspectral imaging under adaptive mixed light decomposition.

[0131] In some embodiments, after the step of determining the ratio of light of different bands in the band collection, the following steps are further included:

[0132] Based on the ratio of light of different bands in the band collection and the photosensitive data of the photosensitive unit, determine the photosensitive data of light of different bands in the band collection;

[0133] According to the photosensitive data of light of different bands in the band collection, determine the image result.

[0134] It can be understood that the photosensitive data of the photosensitive unit is the photosensitive data of the light of all the bands in the band set. After determining the proportions of the lights of different bands in the band set, the photosensitive data of the lights of different bands in the band set can be determined according to the proportions of the lights of different bands in the band set and the photosensitive data of the photosensitive unit. Furthermore, the image result can be determined according to the photosensitive data of the lights of different bands, realizing that one photosensitive unit can simultaneously sense the lights of different bands.

[0135] It can be understood that in the related art, the photosensitive unit can only sense the light of a single band to obtain the photosensitive data corresponding to the light of a single band. When the photosensitive unit simultaneously receives the lights of two or more bands, the photosensitive data of different bands are mixed together, making it difficult to distinguish the photosensitive data of different bands, and it will be difficult to determine the image result according to the photosensitive data of the photosensitive unit. However, in this application, the contribution proportions of the lights of different bands in the band set can be determined first, and then the photosensitive data corresponding to the lights of different bands can be determined according to the photosensitive data of the mixed light corresponding to the band set. Furthermore, the image result can be determined according to the photosensitive data, that is, this application can achieve the effects of multiple photosensitive units in the related art through one photosensitive unit.

[0136] In some embodiments, the steps of determining the proportions of the lights of different bands in the band set based on the actual distance and the database include:

[0137] Obtain the actual incident angle of the light at the photosensitive unit;

[0138] Based on the actual distance, the actual incident angle, and the database, determine the proportions of the lights of different bands in the band set;

[0139] Wherein, the database includes: the proportions of the lights of different bands in the band set when the photosensitive unit and the object to be measured are at different distances and the light at the photosensitive unit has different incident angles.

[0140] It can be understood that in addition to the distance between the photosensitive unit and the object to be measured having an impact on the proportions of the lights of different bands in the band set, the incident angle when the light reflected by the object to be measured irradiates the photosensitive unit may also have an impact on the proportions of the lights of different bands.

[0141] Therefore, when determining the proportion of light of different bands in the band set based on the actual distance and the database, the actual incident angle of the light at the photosensitive unit is also obtained. Since the database stores the proportion of light of different bands in the band set when the photosensitive unit and the object to be measured are at different distances and the light at the photosensitive unit has different incident angles, by comparing the actual distance and the actual incident angle with the database, it is possible to know the proportion of light of different bands in the band set at the current distance between the photosensitive unit and the object to be measured and at the current incident angle of the light at the photosensitive unit. Furthermore, the light in the band set can be analyzed to obtain the weights of different monochromatic light components in the mixed light, thereby realizing the decomposition of the mixed spectrum corresponding to the band set.

[0142] In some embodiments, before the step of obtaining the actual distance between the photosensitive unit and the object to be measured, it includes:

[0143] Sequentially obtain the photosensitive data of the light of each band in the band set and the photosensitive data of the mixed light, where the mixed light includes the light of all bands in the band set;

[0144] Based on the photosensitive data of the light of each band in the band set and the photosensitive data of the mixed light, determine the proportion of the light of different bands in the band set;

[0145] Store the proportion of the light of different bands in the band set and the distance between the object to be measured and the photosensitive unit in the database;

[0146] When it is determined that the distance between the object to be measured and the photosensitive unit changes, repeat the steps of sequentially obtaining the photosensitive data of the light of each band in the band set and the photosensitive data of the mixed light to the step of storing in the database.

[0147] It can be understood that when obtaining the actual distance between the photosensitive unit and the object to be measured, a database is first constructed. Specifically, first sequentially obtain the photosensitive data of the light of each band in the band set and the photosensitive data of the mixed light. According to the photosensitive data of the light of each band and the photosensitive data of the mixed light, the proportion of the light of different bands in the band set can be determined. Then store the current distance between the object to be measured and the photosensitive unit and the proportion of the light of different bands in the database. Then adjust the distance between the photosensitive unit and the object to be measured, and repeat the steps of sequentially obtaining the photosensitive data of the light of each band in the band set and the photosensitive data of the mixed light to the step of storing in the database to obtain the proportion of the light of different bands corresponding to when the photosensitive unit and the object to be measured are at different distances, and store them in the database. Furthermore, the construction of the database can be realized, so as to facilitate subsequent determination of the proportion of the light of different bands corresponding to the actual distance between the photosensitive unit and the object to be measured.

[0148] Exemplarily, the band set includes lights of three different bands, namely the first band, the second band, and the third band.

[0149] It can be understood that successively obtaining the photosensitive data of the light of each band in the band set and the photosensitive data of the mixed light means that first, the light of the first band is irradiated from the object to be measured through the filter unit to the photosensitive unit, and the photosensitive data corresponding to the light of the first band is obtained. Then, the light of the second band is irradiated from the object to be measured through the filter unit to the photosensitive unit, and the photosensitive data corresponding to the light of the second band is obtained. Then, the light of the third band is irradiated from the object to be measured through the filter unit to the photosensitive unit, and the photosensitive data corresponding to the light of the third band is obtained. Finally, the mixed light of the first band, the second band, and the third band is irradiated from the object to be measured through the filter unit to the photosensitive unit, and the photosensitive data corresponding to the mixed light is obtained. It should be noted that here is only an example to illustrate that the band set includes lights of the first band, the second band, and the third band. The band set can also include lights of two different bands, or can include lights of more than three different bands, without special limitation.

[0150] In some embodiments, the band set includes n different bands; the steps of successively obtaining the photosensitive data of the light of each band in the band set and the photosensitive data of the mixed light include:

[0151] Successively obtaining the photosensitive data I 11 、I 21 、......I m1 of the 1st band under m different light intensities, successively obtaining the photosensitive data I 12 、I 22 、......I m2 of the 2nd band under m different light intensities,...... successively obtaining the photosensitive data I 1n 、I 2n 、......I mn of the nth band under m different light intensities;

[0152] Successively obtaining the photosensitive data I1, I2......I m of the mixed light under m different light intensities;

[0153] Based on the photosensitive data of the light of each band in the band set and the photosensitive data of the mixed light, the steps of determining the proportion of the lights of different bands in the band set include:

[0154] Based on formula (1) I1 = a1I 11 + a2I 12 +...... + a n I 1n , formula (2) I2 = a1I 21 + a2I22 +......+a n I 2n ,...... formula (m) I2 = a1I m1 +a2I m2 +......+a n I mn ,determine the proportion of light of different bands in the band set, where a1, a2,... a n are coefficients to be solved.

[0155] It can be understood that when sequentially obtaining the photosensitive data of the light of each band in the band set and the photosensitive data of the mixed light, the photosensitive data of the light of the first band, the second band,..., the nth band and the mixed light can be obtained first, and then the light intensity is adjusted, and the photosensitive data of the light of the first band, the second band,..., the nth band and the mixed light are obtained again, and so on, until the photosensitive data of the light of the first band, the second band,..., the nth band and the mixed light under m different light intensities are obtained.

[0156] It should be noted that it is also possible to first sequentially obtain the photosensitive data of the light of the first band under m different light intensities, then sequentially obtain the photosensitive data of the light of the second band under m different light intensities, and so on, until the photosensitive data of the light of the nth band under m different light intensities are obtained, and then sequentially obtain the photosensitive data of the mixed light under m different light intensities. It should be noted that the m different light intensities corresponding to the first band, the second band,..., the first n bands and the mixed light are the same.

[0157] Therefore, when determining the proportion of the light of different bands in the band set based on the photosensitive data of the light of each band in the band set and the photosensitive data of the mixed light, according to formula (1) I1 = a1I 11 +a2I 12 +......+a n I 1n ,formula (2) I2 = a1I 21 +a2I 22 +......+a n I 2n ,...... formula (m) I2 = a1I m1 +a2I m2 +......+a n I mn ,determine the values of a1, a2,... a n ,and then the proportion of the light of different bands in the band set can be determined.

[0158] Exemplarily, m = n.

[0159] In some examples, the band set includes three different bands, namely the first band, the second band, and the third band, and the m different light intensities include three different light intensities, namely the first light intensity, the second light intensity, and the third light intensity.

[0160] When successively obtaining the photosensitive data of the light of each band in the band set and the photosensitive data of the mixed light, the light intensity is maintained at the first light intensity, and then the photosensitive data of the light of the first band, the photosensitive data of the light of the second band, the photosensitive data of the light of the third band, and the photosensitive data of the mixed light are successively obtained. Then, the light intensity is adjusted to the second light intensity, and the photosensitive data of the light of the first band, the photosensitive data of the light of the second band, the photosensitive data of the light of the third band, and the photosensitive data of the mixed light are obtained again. Then, the light intensity is adjusted to the third light intensity, and then the photosensitive data of the light of the first band, the photosensitive data of the light of the second band, the photosensitive data of the light of the third band, and the photosensitive data of the mixed light are obtained.

[0161] And at the first light intensity, the photosensitive data of the mixed light is composed of the photosensitive data I of the light of the first band 11 , the photosensitive data I of the light of the second band 12 , and the photosensitive data I of the light of the third band 13 . Then, the photosensitive data I1 of the mixed light = a1I 11 + a2I 12 +...... + a n I 13 ;

[0162] At the second light intensity, the photosensitive data of the mixed light is composed of the photosensitive data I of the light of the second band 21 , the photosensitive data I of the light of the second band 22 , and the photosensitive data I of the light of the third band 23 . Then, the photosensitive data I2 of the mixed light = a1I 21 + a2I 22 +...... + a n I 23 ;

[0163] At the third light intensity, the photosensitive data of the mixed light is composed of the photosensitive data I of the light of the third band 31 , the photosensitive data I of the light of the second band 32 , and the photosensitive data I of the light of the third band 33 . Then, the photosensitive data I3 of the mixed light = a1I 31 + a2I 32 +...... + a n I 33 ;

[0164] The above three formulas include three unknowns, a1, a2, and a3. By combining the three formulas, the specific values of a1, a2, and a3 can be solved, and further, the contribution ratios of the light in different bands in the band collection can be determined.

[0165] In some embodiments, before the step of obtaining the actual distance between the photosensitive unit and the object to be measured, it includes:

[0166] Successively obtain the photosensitive data of the light in each band in the band collection and the photosensitive data of the mixed light, where the mixed light includes the light in all bands in the band collection;

[0167] Based on the photosensitive data of the light in each band in the band collection and the photosensitive data of the mixed light, determine the ratio of the light in different bands in the band collection;

[0168] Store the ratio of the light in different bands in the band collection and the incident angle of the light at the photosensitive unit in the database;

[0169] When it is determined that the incident angle of the light at the photosensitive unit changes, repeat the steps of successively obtaining the photosensitive data of the light in each band in the band collection and the photosensitive data of the mixed light to the step of storing in the database.

[0170] It can be understood that when obtaining the actual distance between the photosensitive unit and the object to be measured, first construct a database. Specifically, first successively obtain the photosensitive data of the light in each band in the band collection and the photosensitive data of the mixed light. According to the photosensitive data of the light in each band and the photosensitive data of the mixed light, the ratio of the light in different bands in the band collection can be determined. Then store the incident angle of the light at the current photosensitive unit and the ratio of the light in different bands in the database. Then adjust the incident angle of the light at the photosensitive unit, and repeat the steps of successively obtaining the photosensitive data of the light in each band in the band collection and the photosensitive data of the mixed light to the step of storing in the database, so as to obtain the ratio of the light in different bands corresponding to different incident angles of the light at the photosensitive unit and store them in the database. Furthermore, the construction of the database can be realized, so as to facilitate subsequent determination of the ratio of the light in different bands according to the actual distance between the photosensitive unit and the object to be measured.

[0171] Exemplarily, the band collection includes lights in three different bands, namely the first band, the second band, and the third band.

[0172] It can be understood that successively obtaining the photosensitive data of the light of each band in the band set and the photosensitive data of the mixed light refers to first allowing the light of the first band to irradiate from the object to be measured through the filter unit to the photosensitive unit, and obtaining the photosensitive data corresponding to the light of the first band, then allowing the light of the second band to irradiate from the object to be measured through the filter unit to the photosensitive unit, and obtaining the photosensitive data corresponding to the light of the second band, then allowing the light of the third band to irradiate from the object to be measured through the filter unit to the photosensitive unit, and obtaining the photosensitive data corresponding to the light of the third band, and finally allowing the mixed light of the first band, the second band and the third band to irradiate from the object to be measured through the filter unit to the photosensitive unit, and obtaining the photosensitive data corresponding to the light of the mixed light. It should be noted that here is only an example to illustrate that the band set includes the light of the first band, the second band and the third band. The band set can also include the light of two different bands, or can include the light of more than three different bands, without special limitation.

[0173] Specifically, before the step of obtaining the actual distance between the photosensitive unit and the object to be measured, it includes:

[0174] When the incident angle of the light at the photosensitive unit is the first angle,

[0175] Successively obtain the photosensitive data of the light of each band in the band set and the photosensitive data of the mixed light, and the mixed light includes the light of all bands in the band set;

[0176] Based on the photosensitive data of the light of each band in the band set and the photosensitive data of the mixed light, the ratio of the light of different bands in the band set;

[0177] Store the ratio of the light of different bands in the band set and the incident angle of the light at the photosensitive unit in the database;

[0178] Determine that the distance between the object to be measured and the photosensitive unit has changed, and repeat the steps from successively obtaining the photosensitive data of the light of each band in the band set and the photosensitive data of the mixed light to the steps of storing in the database;

[0179] When the incident angle of the light at the photosensitive unit changes to the second angle,

[0180] Successively obtain the photosensitive data of the light of each band in the band set and the photosensitive data of the mixed light, and the mixed light includes the light of all bands in the band set;

[0181] Based on the photosensitive data of the light of each band in the band set and the photosensitive data of the mixed light, the ratio of the light of different bands in the band set;

[0182] Store the ratio of the light of different bands in the band set and the incident angle of the light at the photosensitive unit in the database;

[0183] It is determined that the distance between the object to be measured and the photosensitive unit changes, and the steps of sequentially obtaining the photosensitive data of the light of each band in the band set and the photosensitive data of the mixed light are repeated until the step of storing in the database.

[0184] And so on, until the photosensitive data of the light of each band in the band set and the photosensitive data of the mixed light at different distances and different incident angles are obtained.

[0185] In some embodiments, the multispectral chip further includes a ranging unit 8 for measuring the distance between the object to be measured and the photosensitive unit.

[0186] It can be understood that the distance between the object to be measured and the photosensitive unit can be detected by the ranging unit 8 to determine the distance between the object to be measured and the photosensitive unit, and then the ratio of the light of different bands in the band set can be determined according to the distance between the object to be measured and the photosensitive unit and the database.

[0187] In some embodiments, the multispectral chip further includes an angle detection unit for detecting the incident angle of the light at the photosensitive unit.

[0188] It can be understood that the incident angle of the light at the photosensitive unit can be detected by the angle detection unit to determine the incident angle of the light at the photosensitive unit, and then the ratio of the light of different bands in the band set can be determined according to the incident angle of the light at the photosensitive unit and the database.

[0189] In some examples, the angle detection unit is, for example, a quadrant photodetector or a position sensitive detector or any other suitable component with the function of detecting the incident angle of light.

[0190] The embodiments of the present application have been introduced in detail above. Specific examples are used in this article to elaborate on the principle and implementation manner of the present application. The description of the above embodiments is only used to help understand the method and its core idea of the present application; at the same time, for those skilled in the art, according to the idea of the present application, there will be changes in the specific implementation manner and application scope. In summary, the content of this specification should not be construed as a limitation to the present application.

Claims

1. A pixel structure, characterized in that Comprising: A photosensitive unit for obtaining light of different bands to obtain spectral information of each channel, wherein different ones of the channels correspond to spectral information of different bands; A filter unit disposed on one side of the photosensitive unit, the filter unit being located on the light-sensing path of the photosensitive unit, wherein the filter unit filters the light entering the photosensitive unit and allows at least two lights of different bands to pass through.

2. The pixel structure according to claim 1, wherein, The filter unit includes at least one first filter film and at least one second filter film, the refractive index of the first filter film is greater than that of the second filter film, and the first filter film and the second filter film are alternately arranged.

3. The pixel structure according to claim 2, wherein, The thicknesses of different ones of the first filter films are different; and / or, The thicknesses of different ones of the second filter films are different; and / or, The thicknesses of the first filter film and the second filter film are different; and / or The thicknesses of the first filter film and the second filter film are the same.

4. The pixel structure according to claim 1, characterized in that, The filter unit includes at least two filter regions, and different ones of the filter regions allow lights of different bands to pass through.

5. The pixel structure according to claim 4, wherein, The thicknesses of different ones of the filter regions are different; and / or, the materials of different ones of the filter regions are different.

6. The pixel structure according to any one of claims 1 to 5, characterized in that, The pixel structure further includes a protective layer disposed between the filter unit and the photosensitive unit.

7. The pixel structure according to claim 6, wherein The material of the protective layer is yttrium trioxide or yttrium oxide or diamond or ytterbium oxide.

8. A multispectral chip, characterized in that, Comprising at least two pixel structures according to any one of claims 1 to 7, the at least two pixel structures including a first pixel structure and a second pixel structure, wherein, The filter unit of the first pixel structure can transmit light of a first band set, the filter unit of the second pixel structure can transmit light of a second band set, and the first band set and the second band set partially overlap; and / or, The first pixel structure and the second pixel structure are of the same structure.

9. An electronic device, characterized in that, Comprising a multispectral chip according to claim 8.

10. A spectral calculation method based on the pixel structure according to any one of claims 1 to 7, characterized in that, The filter unit can transmit light of a band set, the band set including at least two different bands; the spectral calculation method includes: Obtaining the actual distance between the photosensitive unit and the object to be measured; Based on the actual distance and a database, determining the proportions of lights of different bands in the band set; Wherein the database includes the proportions of lights of different bands in the band set when the photosensitive unit and the object to be measured are at different distances.

Images