Tunnel pipe external pressure test tool and test method

Abstract

The invention provides a tunnel pipe external pressure test tool and test method, relates to the technical field of pressure test, and solves the problem of distortion of tunnel pipe external pressure test results in the prior art. A test cavity in a pressure chamber can contain the whole section of a to-be-tested tunnel pipe, and the open end of the pressure chamber is used for being detachably connected with the tail end of the to-be-tested tunnel pipe so that the open end can be plugged and a pipe cavity of the to-be-tested tunnel pipe can be communicated with the environment through the open end; the plugging end of the pressure chamber is connected with an end sealing piece which is located in the test cavity and can adjust the position in the axial direction of the test cavity, the end sealing piece is detachably and fixedly connected with and seals the head end of the to-be-tested tunnel pipe, and the end sealing piece can adjust the position in the axial direction of the test cavity so as to adjust the axial pre-tightening force of the to-be-tested tunnel pipe; therefore, the installation condition of the tunnel pipe in the storage box can be better simulated, and the subsequent external pressure test result is closer to the actual condition.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present invention relates to the technical field of pressure testing, and more specifically, to an external pressure test tooling and test method for a tunnel pipe. Background Art

[0002] The tunnel pipe has corrugated segments and straight segments that appear at continuous intervals, and is an important component of the propellant tank of a launch vehicle. Its main function is to provide protection and insulation for the cryogenic propellant delivery pipe and support the entire tank system. The tunnel pipe is sleeved outside the delivery pipe and is located in the fuel tank. One end of it is connected to the oxidizer tank, used to allow the oxidizer to pass through the fuel tank and then be transported to the engine, avoiding premature mixing of the fuel and oxidizer. It can be seen that the position of the tunnel pipe is crucial, and it is necessary to ensure that the tunnel pipe produced by relevant processes can withstand the external pressure applied in the actual working conditions. Therefore, it is necessary to conduct an external pressure test on it.

[0003] The related external pressure test tooling cannot accurately simulate the real working conditions of the tunnel pipe installed in the tank, resulting in a certain degree of distortion in the external pressure test results of the tunnel pipe. Summary of the Invention

[0004] The purpose of the present invention is to design an external pressure test tooling and test method for a tunnel pipe to solve the problem of distortion in the external pressure test results of the tunnel pipe.

[0005] The present invention is achieved through the following technical solutions: The present invention provides an external pressure test tooling for a tunnel pipe, including a pressure chamber. The pressure chamber includes a blocking end and an open end that are oppositely arranged axially, and a test chamber that axially extends from the blocking end to the open end inside the pressure chamber. The test chamber is used to accommodate the entire section of the tunnel pipe to be tested arranged along its axis; the open end is used for detachably and fixedly connecting the tail end of the tunnel pipe to be tested to block the open end with it, and to connect the lumen of the tunnel pipe to be tested to the environment through the open end; the blocking end is connected with an end seal member that is located inside the test chamber and can axially adjust its position in the test chamber. The end seal member is used for detachably and fixedly connecting and sealing the head end of the tunnel pipe to be tested. Among them, the end seal member can axially adjust its position in the test chamber to adjust the axial pre-tightening force of the tunnel pipe to be tested.

[0006] When adopting the above setting structure, the pressure chamber is provided with an end seal member at its blocking end, and the end seal member can be axially adjusted in the test chamber, that is, its position can be adjusted between the blocking end and the open end in the test chamber.

[0007] Since the end seal is fixedly connected to the head end of the tunnel tube to be tested and seals the head end of the tunnel tube to be tested, during the process of adjusting the end seal along the axial direction of the test chamber, the head end of the tunnel tube to be tested will follow accordingly.

[0008] When the head end and the tail end of the tunnel tube to be tested are fixedly connected to the end seal and the open end of the pressure chamber respectively, the tail end of the tunnel tube to be tested will not move following the head end. Thus, before conducting the external pressure test on the tunnel tube to be tested, a certain amount of traction force can be applied to the head end of the tunnel tube to be tested by axially adjusting the end seal, so that the axial pre-tightening force of the tunnel tube to be tested reaches the set value, thereby better simulating the installation situation of the tunnel tube in the storage tank and making the subsequent external pressure test results closer to the actual situation.

[0009] In addition, since the end seal can be adjusted along the axial direction of the test chamber, the pressure chamber equipped with the end seal can be applicable to installing tunnel tubes with different lengths, thus enriching the objects of its external pressure test.

[0010] Furthermore, to better implement the present invention, the following setting structure is particularly adopted: the external pressure test tooling for the tunnel tube further includes a driver located outside the test chamber; the head end of the end seal is provided with an extending portion that passes through a perforation provided at the plugging end and extends out of the test chamber, and a sealing structure for sealing the end of the perforation is provided at the end of the perforation, and the driver is connected to the extending portion for driving the end seal to adjust its position along the axial direction of the test chamber.

[0011] Furthermore, to better implement the present invention, the following setting structure is particularly adopted: the extending portion is provided as a screw passing through the perforation, and the driver is provided as a nut screwed to the screw; the sealing structure includes a pressing plate and a sealing gasket, the pressing plate is sleeved on the nut and detachably connected to the plugging end, the sealing gasket is sleeved on the screw, and the sealing gasket axially presses its inner side by the nut screwed on the screw and axially presses its outer side by the pressing plate fastened to the plugging end, so as to axially adhere closely to the outer end face of the plugging end and radially adhere closely to the outer periphery of the screw to realize the sealing of the end of the perforation.

[0012] Furthermore, to better implement the present invention, the following setting structure is particularly adopted: the pressure chamber includes a first blocking plate, a chamber body, a second blocking plate and a loose flange that are respectively axially penetrated; the first blocking plate is fixedly connected to the head end of the chamber body to form the plugging end, and the end seal is connected to the first blocking plate; the loose flange is respectively detachably and fixedly connected to the tail end of the tunnel tube to be tested and the second blocking plate, and the loose flange is fixedly connected to the tail end of the pressure chamber through the second blocking plate to form the open end.

[0013] Further, to better implement the present invention, the following structural arrangement is particularly adopted: The tunnel pipe external pressure test tooling further includes a sealing plug, which is used for removably and movably arranged in the lumen of the tunnel pipe to be tested placed in the test chamber; The sealing plug includes a bracket and two inflatable and deflatable filler media sacs sleeved on the outer periphery of the bracket and arranged in sequence along the axis. The two sacs and the bracket form an annular groove around the axis of the sealing plug. The bracket is provided with an air extraction port communicating with the inner space of the annular groove; The sac can expand when filled with enough filler media to radially squeeze the wall of the tunnel pipe to be tested and form a radial seal, so as to form a closed annular space communicating with the air extraction port between the annular groove and the wall of the tunnel pipe to be tested.

[0014] When the above structural arrangement is adopted, the sealing plug can be placed in the lumen of the tunnel pipe to be tested. By the expansion of the sacs, a closed annular space can be formed between the two sacs. In this way, the closed annular space can be evacuated through the air extraction port, changing the internal and external pressure difference of the tunnel pipe to be tested in this part of the area of the closed annular space, and can better simulate the internal and external pressure fluctuation situation that the tunnel pipe will encounter in the actual working conditions. If the pressure in the test chamber is adjusted in cooperation, the internal and external pressure difference can be adjusted more quickly, simulating a more rapid and complex internal and external pressure fluctuation situation, and can better test the local ultimate compressive strength and fatigue strength of the tunnel pipe to be tested.

[0015] In addition, when the sealing plug is used in cooperation with the tunnel pipe to be tested, a closed annular space is formed through the space between the outer periphery of the bracket, the two sacs and the tunnel pipe to be tested, so that the area of evacuating the inside of the lumen of the tunnel pipe to be tested is small, and the set vacuum degree can be achieved with lower energy consumption or faster speed.

[0016] Further, to better implement the present invention, the following structural arrangement is particularly adopted: The outer diameter of the bracket is smaller than the inner diameter of the tunnel pipe to be tested. The bracket includes a cylinder and support disks respectively connected to both ends of the cylinder. The sac is sleeved in the installation groove arranged on the outer periphery of the cylinder, and the support disk is provided with a wire passing hole.

[0017] Further, to better implement the present invention, the following structural arrangement is particularly adopted: The tunnel pipe external pressure test tooling further includes a support rod, which is used for removably arranged in the lumen of the tunnel pipe to be tested placed in the test chamber; The tail end of the end seal is provided with a receiving hole extending along the axis of the test chamber. The head end of the support rod is detachably inserted into the receiving hole, and the tail end of the support rod passes through the open end and is connected to the support frame. The sealing plug is sleeved on the support rod and can move axially along the support rod.

[0018] When the above-mentioned setting structure is adopted, one end of the support rod inserted into the test chamber is supported on the end seal, and the other end extends out of the test chamber and is supported on the support frame. In this way, certain support and axial guiding capabilities can be provided for the sealing plug, enabling the sealing plug to more easily axially move and adjust its position in the to-be-tested tunnel pipe with a relatively large length, and also being able to better maintain the coaxiality between the sealing plug and the to-be-tested tunnel pipe, so as to form a closed annulus with better sealing quality and ensure the smooth progress of the external pressure test.

[0019] Further, to better implement the present invention, the following setting structure is particularly adopted: the axial distance between the two sac bodies is an integer multiple of the wavelength of the to-be-tested tunnel pipe and is greater than or equal to one wavelength.

[0020] When the above-mentioned setting structure is adopted, after adjusting the sealing plug to a suitable position, the to-be-formed closed annulus can completely encompass at least one corrugated section, and the sac bodies can be in contact with the straight section that does not affect the corrugated section, so that the external pressure test of several corrugated sections can be carried out with less interference to the corrugated section.

[0021] The present invention also provides a method for external pressure test of a tunnel pipe. This method uses the above-mentioned external pressure test tooling for a tunnel pipe to be tested with a length less than the length of the test chamber inside the pressure chamber of the tunnel pipe external pressure test tooling, and includes the following steps: Place the tunnel pipe to be tested into the test chamber; Fix the tail end of the tunnel pipe to be tested to the open end of the tunnel pipe external pressure test tooling to seal the open end; Fix the head end of the tunnel pipe to be tested to the end seal of the tunnel pipe external pressure test tooling; Adjust the position of the end seal in the axial direction of the test chamber to adjust the axial pre-tightening force of the tunnel pipe to be tested to a preset value; Inject test liquid into the test chamber sealed at both the head end and the tail end to load the pressure in the test chamber to a preset value and maintain the pressure for a preset time.

[0022] The present invention also provides a method for external pressure test of a tunnel pipe. This method uses the above-mentioned external pressure test tooling for a tunnel pipe to be tested with a length less than the length of the test chamber inside the pressure chamber of the tunnel pipe external pressure test tooling, and includes the following steps: Place the tunnel pipe to be tested into the test chamber; Fix the tail end of the tunnel pipe to be tested to the open end of the tunnel pipe external pressure test tooling to seal the open end; Fix the head end of the tunnel pipe to be tested to the end seal of the tunnel pipe external pressure test tooling; Adjust the position of the end seal in the axial direction of the test chamber to adjust the axial pre-tightening force of the tunnel pipe to be tested to a preset value; Inject test liquid into the test cavity sealed at both the head end and the tail end to load the pressure in the test cavity to a preset value and maintain the pressure for a preset time. Place the sealing plug of the external pressure test tooling for the tunnel pipe into the lumen of the tunnel pipe to be tested and move it to a preset position. Then, inject a filling medium into the bladder of the sealing plug to expand the bladder and radially squeeze the lumen wall of the tunnel pipe to be tested, so as to form a sealed annulus between the sealing plug and the lumen of the tunnel pipe to be tested. After that, evacuate the sealed annulus to a preset vacuum degree through the air extraction port provided on the bracket of the sealing plug and maintain it for a preset time.

[0023] The present invention has the following advantages and beneficial effects: (1) In the present invention, an end seal is provided at the sealing end of the pressure chamber, and the end seal can be adjusted axially along the test cavity, that is, its position can be adjusted between the sealing end and the open end within the test cavity. Since the end seal is fixedly connected to the head end of the tunnel pipe to be tested and seals the head end of the tunnel pipe to be tested, during the axial adjustment of the end seal along the test cavity, the head end of the tunnel pipe to be tested will follow. When the head end and the tail end of the tunnel pipe to be tested are fixedly connected to the end seal and the open end of the pressure chamber respectively, the tail end of the tunnel pipe to be tested will not move with the head end. Thus, before the external pressure test on the tunnel pipe to be tested, a certain amount of traction force can be applied to the head end of the tunnel pipe to be tested by axially adjusting the end seal, so that the axial pre-tightening force of the tunnel pipe to be tested reaches the set value, thereby better simulating the installation situation of the tunnel pipe in the storage tank and making the subsequent external pressure test results closer to the actual situation.

[0024] (2) In the present invention, because the end seal can be adjusted axially along the test cavity, the pressure chamber equipped with the end seal can be applicable to tunnel pipes with different lengths and sizes, thus enriching the objects of its external pressure test. Description of the Drawings

[0025] In order to more clearly illustrate the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention or the prior art, the following will briefly introduce the drawings required for the description of the embodiments or the prior art. Obviously, the following drawings are only some embodiments of the present invention. For those of ordinary skill in the art, other drawings can be obtained based on these drawings without creative efforts.

[0026] Figure 1 It is a schematic cross-sectional structure diagram when the external pressure test is carried out on the tunnel pipe in some embodiments; Figure 2 It is Figure 1 The partial enlarged view of part A in Figure 3 It is Figure 1 The partial enlarged view of part B in Figure 4 It is a schematic diagram of the head end structure when the tunnel pipe is subjected to an external pressure test; Figure 5 It is a schematic diagram of the tail end structure when the tunnel pipe is subjected to an external pressure test; Figure 6 It shows a receiving hole inside the tunnel pipe to be tested; Figure 7 It is a schematic cross-sectional structure diagram when the tunnel pipe is subjected to an external pressure test in some other embodiments; Figure 8 It is Figure 7 A partial enlarged view of part C in; Figure 9 It is Figure 7 A partial enlarged view of part D in.

[0027] The markings in the figure are: 100, tunnel pipe to be tested; 10, pressure cabin; 11, test chamber; 12, end seal; 12a, adapter flange; 12b, pressure ring; 121, protruding part; 122, receiving hole; 13, cabin body; 14, first baffle plate; 15, second baffle plate; 16, loose flange; 17, perforation; 18, water inlet; 19, exhaust hole; 20, driver; 30, sealing structure; 31, pressing plate; 32, sealing gasket 40, sealing plug; 41, cylinder body; 411, air extraction port; 42, support disk; 421, wire threading hole; 43, bladder; 431, air nozzle or water nozzle; 44, retaining ring; 45, annular groove; 50, support rod; 60, support frame; 70, sealed annular space. Detailed implementation manners

[0028] To make the objectives, technical solutions and advantages of the present invention clearer, the technical solutions of the present invention will be described in detail below. Obviously, the described embodiments are only a part of the embodiments of the present invention, rather than all the embodiments. Based on the embodiments of the present invention, all other implementation manners obtained by those of ordinary skill in the art without creative efforts shall fall within the scope protected by the present invention.

[0029] In the description of the present application, it should be noted that unless otherwise specified, the meaning of "a plurality of" is two or more; the orientation or positional relationship indicated by terms such as "upper", "lower", "left", "right", "inner", "outer", "front end", "rear end", "head", "tail", etc. is based on the orientation or positional relationship shown in the drawings. It is only for the convenience of describing the present invention and simplifying the description, rather than indicating or implying that the device or element referred to must have a specific orientation, be constructed and operated in a specific orientation, and therefore cannot be construed as a limitation to the present invention.

[0030] The terms "first", "second", etc. in the description and claims of the present application are used to distinguish similar objects, rather than to describe a specific order or sequence. It should be understood that such data can be interchanged under appropriate circumstances so that the embodiments of the present application can be implemented in an order other than those illustrated or described herein, and the objects distinguished by "first", "second", etc. are generally of the same category, and do not limit the number of objects. For example, the first object can be one or a plurality. In addition, "and / or" in the description and claims indicates at least one of the connected objects, and the character " / ", generally indicates that the related objects before and after are in an "or" relationship. In the description of the present application, it should also be noted that unless otherwise clearly specified and limited, the terms "installed", "connected", "connected" should be understood in a broad sense. For example, it can be a fixed connection, a detachable connection, or an integral connection; it can be a mechanical connection or an electrical connection; it can be directly connected, or indirectly connected through an intermediate medium. For those of ordinary skill in the art, the specific meanings of the above terms in the present invention can be understood according to specific circumstances.

[0031] A tunnel pipe external pressure test tooling and test method provided by the present invention can better simulate the real working conditions when the tunnel pipe is installed in the storage tank, and can make the subsequent external pressure test results closer to the actual situation.

[0032] The following combines the attached Figures 1 to 9 drawings, and through specific embodiments and their application scenarios, the tunnel pipe external pressure test tooling and test method provided by the present application are described in detail.

[0033] On the one hand, the present invention provides a tunnel pipe external pressure test tooling, as Figures 1 - 3 shown, which is specifically configured into the following structure: As Figure 1 shown, the tunnel pipe external pressure test tooling includes a pressure chamber 10. The pressure chamber 10 is generally in a tubular structure and is usually placed horizontally during use. It includes a sealing end and an open end arranged oppositely in the axial direction, and a test chamber 11 extending axially from the sealing end to the open end inside the pressure chamber 10. The test chamber 11 has a certain axial length to be able to accommodate the entire section of the tunnel pipe 100 to be tested arranged along its axial direction therein.

[0034] Exemplarily, the total length of the tunnel pipe 100 to be tested is about 20,000 mm, and the total length of the pressure chamber 10 is slightly longer than that of the tunnel pipe 100 to be tested, such as 40 mm or 50 mm or 80 mm or 100 mm or 150 mm or 170 mm longer.

[0035] Figure 1 Among them, the sealing end is at the left end of the pressure chamber 10, and the open end is at the right end of the pressure chamber and can be connected to the tail end of the tunnel pipe 100 to be tested. As Figure 3 shown, when the pressure chamber 10 is in use, the open end is detachably and fixedly connected to the tail end of the tunnel pipe 100 to be tested. The tail end of the tunnel pipe 100 to be tested cooperates with the open end to block the open end so that the test chamber 11 is isolated from the external environment. Since there is a large opening in the middle position of the open end, the open end can be blocked by the tail end of the tunnel pipe 100 to be tested and the lumen of the tunnel pipe 100 to be tested can be communicated with the external environment through the opening. This can simulate the working condition of the tail end of the tunnel pipe for delivering the combustion-supporting agent to the outside of the storage tank.

[0036] The pressure chamber 10 can withstand a certain internal pressure to create a certain external pressure environment for the tunnel pipe. Generally, deionized water is filled inside the pressure chamber 10 to create the internal pressure, and tap water can also be directly used instead of deionized water. Of course, gas, water vapor, etc. can also be filled to replace water. Refer to Figure 2 、 Figure 4 and Figure 5 , an inlet 18 and an exhaust hole 19 are provided on the pressure chamber 10. When the pressure chamber 10 is in use, the exhaust hole 19 is generally located at the highest position of the pressure chamber 10 and an exhaust valve is installed to fully exhaust, and a pipe joint and relevant control valves are installed at the inlet 18.

[0037] Exemplarily, the pressure chamber 10 is a cylindrical structure with a uniform wall thickness. The material is Q235, and the wall thickness is about 5 mm, which can withstand a certain internal pressure.

[0038] As Figure 2 shown, an end seal 12 is movably connected to the sealing end of the pressure chamber 10, and the end seal 12 is inside the test chamber 11. The end seal 12 can move axially along the sealing end of the pressure chamber 10 relative to the test chamber 11 to adjust its axial position, that is, it can adjust the position between the sealing end and the open end in the test chamber 11. The end seal 12 can be detachably and fixedly connected to the head end of the tunnel pipe 100 to be tested, and the head end of the tunnel pipe 100 to be tested is sealed through the mating surface between them, so that the head end of the tunnel pipe 100 to be tested is isolated from the test chamber 11.

[0039] Since the end seal 12 is fixedly connected to the head end of the tunnel pipe 100 to be tested and seals the head end of the tunnel pipe 100 to be tested, during the process of adjusting the end seal 12 relative to the plugging end of the pressure chamber 10 along the axial direction of the test chamber 11, the head end of the tunnel pipe 100 connected thereto can be driven to move synchronously to adjust the axial position. When the head end and the tail end of the tunnel pipe 100 to be tested are fixedly connected to the end seal 12 and the open end of the pressure chamber 10 respectively, the tail end of the tunnel pipe 100 to be tested will not move following the head end. In this way, the axial pre-tightening force of the tunnel pipe 100 to be tested can be adjusted by adjusting the end seal 12.

[0040] Before the external pressure test on the tunnel pipe 100 to be tested, a certain amount of traction force can be applied to the head end of the tunnel pipe 100 to be tested by axially adjusting the end seal 12, so that the axial pre-tightening force of the tunnel pipe 100 to be tested reaches the set value, thereby better simulating the installation situation of the tunnel pipe in the storage tank and making the subsequent external pressure test results closer to the actual situation. In addition, since the end seal 12 can be adjusted along the axial direction of the test chamber 11, the pressure chamber 10 equipped with the end seal 12 can be applicable to tunnel pipes with different lengths and sizes, thus enriching the objects of its external pressure test.

[0041] According to some alternative embodiments, such as Figures 2 - 5 As shown, the pressure chamber 10 includes a chamber body 13, a first plug plate 14 provided at the head end of the chamber body 13, a second plug plate 15 provided at the tail end of the chamber body 13, and a loose flange 16. The chamber body 13, the second plug plate 15, and the loose flange 16 are all axially through components.

[0042] The first plug plate 14 is a plate-shaped component, which is fixedly connected to the flange part at the head end of the chamber body 13 to form a plugging end. The water inlet 18 is provided on the first plug plate 14 for connecting to a water source after connecting to a joint. The end seal 12 is movably connected to the first plug plate 14. Both the loose flange 16 and the second plug plate 15 are annular components with a central opening. The loose flange 16 is respectively detachably fixedly connected to the flange part at the tail end of the tunnel pipe 100 to be tested and in the sunk groove of the second plug plate 15. The loose flange 16 is fixedly connected to the flange part at the tail end of the pressure chamber 10 through the second plug plate 15 to form an open end. The aperture of the hole opened at the central position of the loose flange 16 is slightly smaller than the inner diameter of the tunnel pipe 100 to be tested. The loose flange 16 forms a seal with the end face of the tail end of the tunnel pipe 100 to be tested and with the end face of the second plug plate 15 through their axial contact surfaces and the sealing rings provided between the axial contact surfaces.

[0043] In some embodiments, the end seal 12 is arranged as Figure 2The adapter flange 12a shown in [figure reference] is directly fixed to the head end of the tunnel pipe 100 to be tested by bolts and axially presses against the end face of the head end of the tunnel pipe 100 to be tested. A sealing ring is provided between the adapter flange and the end face of the head end of the tunnel pipe 100 to ensure a better sealing effect.

[0044] In some other embodiments, as Figure 2 shown, the end seal 12 includes an adapter flange 12a and a clamping ring 12b. The adapter flange 12a is connected to the clamping ring 12b by bolts, and the flange portion of the head end of the tunnel pipe 100 to be tested is clamped through the clamping gap formed by the adapter flange 12a and the clamping ring 12b to be fixed to the head end of the tunnel pipe 100 to be tested. A sealing ring is provided between the adapter flange and the end face of the head end of the tunnel pipe 100 to ensure a better sealing effect.

[0045] According to some alternative embodiments, the end seal 12 is entirely located within the test chamber 11 of the pressure chamber 10, and the end seal 12 is connected to the plugging end by a driving device. For example, a guide rod is welded to the end seal 12, and the guide rod is axially inserted into a blind guide hole provided in the plugging end of the pressure chamber 10. A hydraulic cylinder is provided between the plugging end and the end seal 12. The two ends of the hydraulic cylinder are respectively connected to the plugging end and the end seal 12. The hydraulic cylinder is connected to relevant pipe joints provided on the pressure chamber 10 through hydraulic pipelines and is connected to a hydraulic device outside the pressure chamber 10 through the pipe joints. The movement of the end seal 12 is controlled by controlling the liquid inlet direction and the liquid inlet volume of the hydraulic cylinder.

[0046] According to some other alternative embodiments, the driving device for driving the movement of the end seal 12 in the tunnel pipe external pressure test tooling is not located within the test chamber 11 of the pressure chamber 10, but outside the test chamber 11 of the pressure chamber 10.

[0047] As Figure 2 shown, the tunnel pipe external pressure test tooling is provided with a driver 20 located outside the pressure chamber 10. The head end of the end seal 12 is provided with a protruding portion 121, and the protruding portion 121 axially extends outward from the inside of the test chamber 11 through a through hole 17 provided at the center of the plugging end to penetrate the test chamber 11.

[0048] Due to the movable mating relationship between the protruding portion 121 and the through hole 17, in order to prevent the test liquid in the test chamber 11 from leaking through the mating gap between the through hole 17 and the protruding portion 121, a sealing structure 30 for sealing the end of the through hole 17 is provided at the end of the through hole 17. The driver 20 is connected to the protruding portion 121 for driving the end seal 12 to adjust its position axially along the test chamber 11.

[0049] Exemplarily, the root where the extension part 121 is connected to the end seal 12 is a cylinder, and the head is a rack. The cylindrical part of the extension part 121 passes through the perforation 17 on the plugging end as a whole. A motorized gear is detachably connected to the outer end face of the plugging end as a driver 20, and the motorized gear meshes with the rack of the extension part 121. When the motorized gear rotates when powered, it will drive the rack of the extension part 121 to axially move so as to drive the end seal 12 to axially move.

[0050] Exemplarily, as Figure 2 shown, the extension part 121 is arranged as a screw passing through the perforation 17 provided at the center of the first baffle 14, and the driver 20 is arranged as a nut screwed to the screw. A sealing structure 30 is sleeved on the screw and the nut. Specifically, the sealing structure 30 includes a pressing plate 31 and a sealing gasket 32. The pressing plate 31 is sleeved on the nut and is detachably connected to the first baffle 14 by bolts. The sealing gasket 32 is sleeved on the smooth rod part of the screw and is located between the pressing plate 31 and the first baffle 14. The nut is tightened on the screw to axially squeeze the inner part of the sealing gasket 32, and at the same time the pressing plate 31 is fastened to the first baffle 14 to axially squeeze the outer part of the sealing gasket 32, so that the nut and the pressing plate 31 jointly apply an axial squeezing force to the sealing gasket 32 to axially press and fit the sealing gasket 32 on the outer end face of the first baffle 14 to form an axial seal. The inner diameter of the sealing gasket 32 is adapted to the outer diameter of the screw. With the squeezing action of the nut and the pressing plate 31, the inner peripheral surface of the sealing gasket 32 is radially deformed to tightly wrap around the outer peripheral surface of the screw to form a radial seal, and finally the end position of the perforation 17 is sealed.

[0051] As Figure 4 shown, the nut is a square head nut, and a square hole is provided at the center of the pressing plate 31. A part of the nut extends into the square hole of the pressing plate 31 to axially prevent rotation. Since the cooperation between the nut and the pressing plate 31 will cause the nut to not be able to rotate, the pressing plate 31 should be installed after the axial position of the end seal 12 is adjusted by rotating the nut.

[0052] According to some other optional embodiments, as Figure 7 and Figure 9 shown, the external pressure test tooling for the tunnel pipe is provided with a sealing plug 40. The sealing plug 40 is removably arranged in the test chamber 11 of the pressure chamber 10 and can axially move along the test chamber 11 to adjust the axial position. When performing an external pressure test on the tunnel pipe 100 to be tested, the tunnel pipe 100 to be tested is installed on the pressure chamber 10 in a manner that the head end is connected to the end seal 12 and the tail end is connected to the open end and placed in the test chamber 11. The sealing plug 40 is removably arranged in the lumen of the tunnel pipe 100 to be tested as Figure 9 shown, and the sealing plug 40 can axially move along the tunnel pipe 100 to be tested to adjust the axial position, so as to specifically perform an external pressure test on a local part of the tunnel pipe 100 to be tested.

[0053] AsFigure 9 As shown in the figure, the sealing plug 40 includes a cylindrical support and two annular capsules 43 arranged axially in sequence and sleeved on the outer periphery of the support. The support includes a cylinder 41 and two support discs 42 coaxially arranged therewith. The two support discs 42 are fixedly connected to both ends of the cylinder 41. The diameter of the support disc 42 is larger than that of the cylinder 41. The two capsules 43 are respectively sleeved on the outer periphery of the cylinder 41 axially in sequence, and the support discs 42 are respectively in contact with the corresponding-side capsules 43 to limit the axial detachment of the capsules 43 from the cylinder 41. The capsules 43 can be filled and discharged with a filling medium to expand or contract. The capsules 43 can be air bags or water bags. An air nozzle or a water nozzle 431 is arranged inside the capsule 43. The air nozzle or the water nozzle 431 is fixed on the peripheral wall of the cylinder 41 and penetrates to the inside of the cylinder 41. The air nozzle or the water nozzle 431 is connected to a gas source or a water source through a pipeline. A ring groove 45 is formed between the two capsules 43 and the support around the axis of the sealing plug 40. When the capsules 43 expand, they can be pressed against and sealed with the inner wall of the lumen of the tunnel pipe 100 to be tested, so as to form a sealed annular space (sealed annulus) 70 between the ring groove 45 and the inner wall of the lumen of the tunnel pipe 100 to be tested. The support is provided with an air extraction port 411 communicating with the inner space of the ring groove 45. Through the air extraction port 411, the sealed annulus 70 can be evacuated to adjust the vacuum degree inside the tunnel pipe 100 to be tested.

[0054] During use, a nozzle will be connected to the air extraction port 411 and connected to a vacuum pump through a connected air pipe. For the convenience of pipeline arrangement of the air nozzle or water nozzle of the capsule 43 and the nozzle connected to the air extraction port 411, as Figure 9 shown in the figure, the support disc 42 is provided with a wire passing hole 421 communicating with the inside of the cylinder 41. These pipelines or the wires of necessary detection sensors can pass through the wire passing hole 421.

[0055] The overall outer diameter of the support is smaller than the inner diameter of the tunnel pipe 100 to be tested. After the capsule 43 shrinks, the sealing plug 40 as a whole can smoothly pass through the lumen of the tunnel pipe 100 to be tested.

[0056] Preferably, as Figure 9 shown in the figure, two retaining rings 44 arranged axially in sequence are also fixedly sleeved on the cylinder 41. An annular mounting groove is formed between the retaining ring 44 and the corresponding-side support disc 42 on the outer peripheral side of the cylinder 41. The two capsules 43 are respectively mounted in the corresponding mounting grooves and are axially limited.

[0057] In use, the cylinder body 41 of the sealing plug 40 is coaxially arranged with the tunnel pipe 100 to be tested. The sealing plug 40 can be placed into the lumen of the tunnel pipe 100 to be tested through the open end of the pressure chamber 10, or first placed into the lumen of the tunnel pipe 100 to be tested, and then the tunnel pipe 100 to be tested is connected to the open end of the pressure chamber 10. The bladder 43 can expand when filled with enough filling medium to radially extrude the cavity wall of the tunnel pipe 100 to be tested and form a radial seal, so that a sealed annulus 70 communicating with the air extraction port 411 is formed between the annular groove 45 and the cavity wall of the tunnel pipe 100 to be tested. In this way, the sealed annulus 70 can be evacuated through the air extraction port 411, and the internal and external pressure difference of the tunnel pipe 100 to be tested in this part of the area of the sealed annulus 70 can be changed, which can better simulate the internal and external pressure fluctuations that the tunnel pipe will encounter in actual working conditions. If the pressure in the test chamber 11 is adjusted in cooperation, the internal and external pressure difference can be adjusted more quickly, simulating a more rapid and complex internal and external pressure fluctuation situation, and the local ultimate compressive strength and fatigue strength of the tunnel pipe 100 to be tested can be better tested.

[0058] In addition, when the sealing plug 40 is used in cooperation with the tunnel pipe 100 to be tested, the sealed annulus 70 is formed through the space between the outer periphery of the support, the two bladders and the tunnel pipe 100 to be tested, so that the area of the lumen of the tunnel pipe 100 to be tested evacuated is small, and the set vacuum degree can be reached with lower energy consumption or faster speed.

[0059] According to some alternative embodiments, as Figures 7 - 9 shown, the tunnel pipe external pressure test tooling is further provided with a support rod 50. The support rod 50 is a hollow pipe, which is removably arranged in the test chamber 11 of the pressure chamber 10. Its head end is detachably fixed on the end seal 12, and its tail end passes through the open end and is connected to the support frame 60.

[0060] Specifically, the tail end of the end seal 12 is provided with a receiving hole 122 extending along the axis of the test chamber 11. The receiving hole 122 is a blind hole. The head end of the support rod 50 is detachably inserted into the receiving hole 122. The tail end of the support rod 50 passes through the open end and is connected to the support frame 60. The support frame 60 can move on the ground to follow the movement of the support rod 50. The sealing plug 40 is sleeved on the support rod 50 and can move axially along the support rod 50.

[0061] Preferably, the receiving hole 122 provided at the tail end of the end seal 12 is coaxial with the protruding portion 121 provided at the head end. The support rod 50 is coaxially arranged in the test chamber 11. The head end extends into the receiving hole 122, the middle section is in coaxial sliding fit with the sealing plug 40, and the tail end extends out of the open end.

[0062] In some embodiments, the receiving hole 122 is a threaded hole. In other embodiments, the receiving hole 122 is a smooth hole.

[0063] During use, the tunnel pipe 100 to be tested is placed in the test chamber 11, and the support rod 50 is located in the lumen of the tunnel pipe 100 to be tested. One end of the support rod 50 passing through the test chamber 11 is supported on the end seal 12, and the other end extends out of the test chamber 11 and is supported on the support frame 60. This can provide a certain support and axial guiding ability for the sealing plug 40, enabling the sealing plug 40 to more easily axially move and adjust its position within the tunnel pipe 100 to be tested with a relatively large length such as 20000 mm. It can also better maintain the coaxiality between the sealing plug 40 and the tunnel pipe 100 to be tested, so as to form a closed annulus 70 with better sealing quality and ensure the smooth progress of the external pressure test.

[0064] According to some alternative embodiments, the axial spacing between the two bladder bodies 43 is an integer multiple of the wavelength of the tunnel pipe 100 to be tested, and the axial spacing between the two bladder bodies 43 is greater than or equal to one wavelength. In this way, after adjusting the sealing plug 40 to a suitable position, the to-be-formed closed annulus 70 can completely encompass at least one corrugated section and the bladder bodies 43 can contact the straight sections without affecting the corrugated sections, enabling the external pressure test of several corrugated sections with less interference to the corrugated sections.

[0065] Exemplarily, as Figure 9 shown, the axial spacing between the two bladder bodies 43 is approximately three wavelengths, allowing the bladder bodies 43 to expand in the middle of the straight sections respectively to squeeze with the straight sections to form the closed annulus 70, and the closed annulus 70 includes three complete corrugated sections.

[0066] On the other hand, the present invention provides a method for external pressure test of a tunnel pipe, and this method uses the above-mentioned external pressure test tooling for a tunnel pipe. For a tunnel pipe 100 to be tested with a length less than the length of the test chamber 11 inside the pressure chamber 10 of the external pressure test tooling for a tunnel pipe, the external pressure test includes the following steps: Step S1, select a tunnel pipe 100 to be tested with a total length less than the total length of the pressure chamber 10 and prepare for the external pressure test.

[0067] Step S2, smoothly place the tunnel pipe 100 to be tested into the test chamber 11.

[0068] Step S3, fix the tail end of the tunnel pipe 100 to be tested to the loose flange 16 through bolts, and fix the loose flange 16 to the second blind plate 15, so that the tail end of the tunnel pipe 100 to be tested is connected to the open end of the pressure chamber 10 to block the open end; Step S4: fixedly connect the head end of the tunnel pipe 100 to be tested with the end seal 12. Then, fix the first baffle 14 on the cabin body 13 to block the head end of the pressure cabin 10, and at the same time, let the protruding part 121 of the end seal 12 pass through the perforation 17 on the first baffle 14. Then, install the gasket 32 and the nut on the protruding part 121, and then rotate the nut to adjust the position of the end seal 12 in the axial direction of the test chamber 11 to adjust the axial pre-tightening force of the tunnel pipe 100 to be tested to a preset value. Then, sleuth a pressing plate 31 on the nut and fasten the pressing plate 31 to the first baffle 14 with bolts to compress the gasket 32.

[0069] Step S5: Inject test liquid into the test chamber 11 blocked at both the head end and the tail end to load the pressure in the test chamber 11 to a preset value and maintain the pressure for a preset time. Then, detect various parameters of the tunnel pipe 100 to be tested.

[0070] According to some optional embodiments, if it is necessary to better simulate the internal and external pressure fluctuations that the tunnel pipe will encounter in actual working conditions, then after step S4 and before step S5, the support rod 50 can be sent into the lumen of the tunnel pipe 100 to be tested and the head end can be inserted into the receiving hole 122 provided at the tail end of the end seal 12. Then, the sealing plug 40 is sleeved on the support rod 50 and placed into the lumen of the tunnel pipe 100 to be tested and moved to a preset position. Then, a filling medium is injected into the bladder 43 of the sealing plug 40 to expand the bladder 43 to radially extrude the lumen wall of the tunnel pipe 100 to form a sealed annulus 70 between the sealing plug 40 and the lumen of the tunnel pipe 100 to be tested. Then, the sealed annulus 70 is evacuated to a preset vacuum degree through the air extraction port 411 provided by the bracket of the sealing plug 40 and maintained for a preset time.

[0071] The sealing plug 40 can also be inserted after the head end of the tunnel pipe 100 to be tested is installed with the end seal 12. Let the support rod 50 be sent into the lumen of the tunnel pipe 100 to be tested and inserted into the receiving hole 122 provided by the end seal 12 for fixation. Then, the tunnel pipe 100 to be tested, the end seal 12 and the support rod 50 are sent into the test chamber 11 of the pressure cabin 10 together.

[0072] The sealing plug 40 can also be inserted after injecting test liquid with a certain pressure into the test chamber 11.

[0073] It should be noted that in this text, the term "including", "comprising", or any other variant thereof is intended to cover non-exclusive inclusion, such that a process, method, article, or device that includes a series of elements not only includes those elements but also includes other elements that are not explicitly listed, or further includes elements that are inherent to such process, method, article, or device. Without further limitation, an element defined by the statement "including one..." does not exclude the presence of additional identical elements in the process, method, article, or device that includes that element.

[0074] In addition, it should be pointed out that the scope of the methods and devices in the embodiments of the present application is not limited to performing functions in the order shown or discussed, and may also include performing functions in a substantially simultaneous manner or in the reverse order according to the functions involved. For example, the described methods may be performed in an order different from that described, and various steps may be added, omitted, or combined. Additionally, the features described with reference to certain examples may be combined in other examples.

[0075] As described above, the above are only specific embodiments of the present invention, but the protection scope of the present invention is not limited thereto. Any person skilled in the art within the technical scope disclosed by the present invention can easily think of changes or substitutions, which should all be covered within the protection scope of the present invention.

Claims

1. A tunnel pipe external pressure test tooling, characterized in that: It includes a pressure chamber (10), the pressure chamber (10) includes a sealing end and an open end which are oppositely arranged axially, and a test chamber (11) that axially extends from the sealing end to the open end inside the pressure chamber (10), and the test chamber (11) is used to accommodate the entire section of the tunnel pipe (100) to be tested arranged along its axis; The open end is used for detachably and fixedly connecting the tail end of the tunnel pipe (100) to be tested to block the open end with it, and making the lumen of the tunnel pipe (100) to be tested communicate with the environment through the open end; The sealing end is connected with an end seal (12) located in the test chamber (11) and capable of adjusting its position axially along the test chamber (11), and the end seal (12) is used for detachably and fixedly connecting and sealing the head end of the tunnel pipe (100) to be tested. Among them, the end seal (12) can adjust its position axially along the test chamber (11) to adjust the axial pre-tightening force of the tunnel pipe (100) to be tested.

2. The external pressure test tooling for tunnel pipes according to claim 1, characterized in that: It also includes a driver (20) located outside the test chamber (11); the head end of the end seal (12) is provided with an extending part (121) that passes through a perforation (17) provided on the sealing end and exits the test chamber (11), and the end of the perforation (17) is provided with a sealing structure (30) for sealing its end, and the driver (20) is connected to the extending part (121) for driving the end seal (12) to adjust its position axially along the test chamber (11).

3. The tunnel pipe external pressure test tooling according to claim 2, characterized in that: The extending part (121) is arranged as a screw passing through the perforation (17), and the driver (20) is arranged as a nut screwed with the screw; The sealing structure (30) includes a pressing plate (31) and a sealing gasket (32). The pressing plate (31) is sleeved on the nut and detachably connected to the sealing end. The sealing gasket (32) is sleeved on the screw. The sealing gasket (32) axially squeezes its inner side by the nut screwed on the screw and axially squeezes its outer side by the pressing plate (31) fastened to the sealing end, so as to axially adhere closely to the outer end face of the sealing end and radially adhere closely to the outer peripheral surface of the screw to realize the sealing of the end of the perforation (17).

4. The tunnel external pressure test tooling according to claim 1, characterized in that: The pressure chamber (10) includes a first blocking plate (14), a cabin body (13), a second blocking plate (15) and a loose flange (16) that are axially penetrated respectively; the first blocking plate (14) is fixedly connected to the head end of the cabin body (13) to form the sealing end, and the end seal (12) is connected to the first blocking plate (14); the loose flange (16) is respectively detachably and fixedly connected to the tail end of the tunnel pipe (100) to be tested and the second blocking plate (15), and the loose flange (16) is fixedly connected to the tail end of the pressure chamber (10) through the second blocking plate (15) to form the open end.

5. The tunnel pipe external pressure test tooling according to claim 2, wherein: It also includes a sealing plug (40), and the sealing plug (40) is used for removably and movably arranged in the lumen of the tunnel pipe (100) placed in the test chamber (11); The sealing plug (40) includes a bracket and two capsules (43) that are sleeved on the outer periphery of the bracket and arranged axially in sequence and can be filled and discharged with a filling medium. The two capsules (43) and the bracket form an annular groove (45) around the axis of the sealing plug (40), and the bracket is provided with an air extraction port (411) communicating with the inner space of the annular groove (45); When the capsules (43) are filled with enough filling medium, they can expand to radially press against the cavity wall of the tunnel pipe (100) to be tested and form a radial seal, so as to form a closed annulus (70) communicating with the air extraction port (411) between the annular groove (45) and the cavity wall of the tunnel pipe (100) to be tested.

6. A tunnel external pressure test tooling according to claim 5, characterized in that: The outer diameter of the bracket is smaller than the inner diameter of the tunnel pipe (100) to be tested. The bracket includes a cylindrical body (41) and support discs (42) respectively connected to both ends of the cylindrical body. The capsules (43) are sleeved in the installation grooves provided on the outer periphery of the cylindrical body (41), and the support discs (42) are provided with wire passing holes (421).

7. The tunnel external pressure test tooling according to claim 5, wherein: It further includes a support rod (50), and the support rod (50) is used to be removably arranged in the lumen of the tunnel pipe (100) placed in the test chamber (11); The tail end of the end seal (12) is provided with a receiving hole (122) extending axially along the test chamber (11). The head end of the support rod (50) is detachably inserted into the receiving hole (122), and the tail end of the support rod (50) passes out from the open end and is connected to the support frame (60). The sealing plug (40) is sleeved on the support rod (50) and can move axially along the support rod (50).

8. A tunnel pipe external pressure test tooling according to claim 5, characterized in that: The axial distance between the two capsules (43) is an integer multiple of the wavelength of the tunnel pipe (100) and is greater than or equal to one wavelength.

9. A method for external pressure test of tunnel pipes, characterized in that: Using the tunnel pipe external pressure test tooling according to any one of claims 1-4, for a tunnel pipe (100) to be tested with a length less than the length of the test chamber (11) inside the pressure chamber (10) of the tunnel pipe external pressure test tooling, the external pressure test includes the following steps: Place the tunnel pipe (100) to be tested into the test chamber (11); Fix the tail end of the tunnel pipe (100) to be tested to the open end of the tunnel pipe external pressure test tooling to block the open end; Fix the head end of the tunnel pipe (100) to be tested to the end seal (12) of the tunnel pipe external pressure test tooling; Adjust the position of the end seal (12) in the axial direction of the test chamber (11) to adjust the axial pre-tightening force of the tunnel pipe (100) to be tested to a preset value; Inject test liquid into the test chamber (11) blocked at the head end and the tail end to load the pressure in the test chamber (11) to a preset value and hold the pressure for a preset time.

10. A method for external pressure test of tunnel pipes, characterized in that: Using the tunnel pipe external pressure test tooling according to any one of claims 5-8, for a tunnel pipe (100) to be tested with a length less than the length of the test chamber (11) inside the pressure chamber (10) of the tunnel pipe external pressure test tooling, the external pressure test includes the following steps: Place the tunnel pipe (100) to be tested into the test chamber (11); Fix the tail end of the tunnel pipe (100) to be tested to the open end of the external pressure test tooling for tunnel pipes to seal the open end; Fix the head end of the tunnel pipe (100) to be tested to the end seal (12) of the external pressure test tooling for tunnel pipes; Adjust the position of the end seal (12) in the axial direction of the test chamber (11) to adjust the axial pre-tightening force of the tunnel pipe (100) to be tested to a preset value; Inject test liquid into the test chamber (11) sealed at the head end and the tail end to load the pressure in the test chamber (11) to a preset value and maintain the pressure for a preset time; Place the seal plug (40) of the external pressure test tooling for tunnel pipes into the lumen of the tunnel pipe (100) to be tested and move it to a preset position. Then, inject a filling medium into the bladder (43) of the seal plug (40) to expand the bladder (43) to radially extrude the wall of the tunnel pipe (100) to be tested to form a sealed annulus (70) between the seal plug (40) and the lumen of the tunnel pipe (100) to be tested. Then, evacuate the sealed annulus (70) to a preset vacuum degree through the air extraction port (411) provided on the bracket of the seal plug (40) and maintain it for a preset time.

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