Precision casting part surface defect automatic detection system

Abstract

The invention relates to a precision casting part surface defect automatic detection system, and relates to the casting part detection equipment technical field, the precision casting part surface defect automatic detection system comprises a workbench, the workbench is provided with a positioning assembly, a frame body, a detection mechanism, a marking assembly and a driving mechanism, the positioning assembly is used for fixing a to-be-detected product on the workbench; the frame body is connected to the workbench and provided with a standard casting part curved plate, and the curved plate and a to-be-detected product are oppositely arranged in parallel. The detection mechanism comprises a telescopic pipe assembly, when the surface of the to-be-detected product has defects, the length of the telescopic pipe assembly changes accordingly, the marking assembly comprises a first liquid containing box and a second liquid containing box which contain marking liquid of different colors, and when the telescopic pipe assembly stretches and retracts, the marking assembly can control the marking liquid of different colors to mark the defect positions of the to-be-detected product; the driving mechanism is used for driving the telescopic pipe assembly to move in the horizontal direction. The special-shaped curved surface casting part detection device can accurately detect the special-shaped curved surface casting part, and has the effect of marking the surface defects of the casting part.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present application relates to the technical field of casting inspection equipment, and in particular to an automatic inspection system for surface defects of precision castings. Background Art

[0002] Precision casting is an advanced process that can produce high-precision and high-complexity castings. It has important uses in many fields, such as aerospace, automotive industry, electronics industry, and medical equipment. The key to precision casting is that the manufactured parts are precise in size and have extremely small errors, thereby improving product quality.

[0003] At present, the devices for detecting castings with relatively regular shapes are more common in the market, while the devices for detecting special-shaped curved castings are relatively few. This is mainly because the shapes of special-shaped curved castings are complex and changeable, and the existing devices can rarely perform comprehensive and accurate detection and marking. Summary of the invention

[0004] The purpose of this application is to provide an automatic detection system for surface defects of precision castings, which can accurately detect special curved surface castings and mark the defective parts of the special curved surface castings.

[0005] The present application provides an automatic detection system for surface defects of precision castings, which adopts the following technical solutions: An automatic detection system for surface defects of precision castings, comprising a workbench, on which are arranged: Positioning assembly, which is used to fix the product to be inspected on the workbench; The frame is connected to the workbench and is provided with a standard casting curved plate, and the curved plate is arranged parallel to and facing the product to be inspected; The inspection mechanism comprises a telescopic tube assembly arranged between the curved plate and the product to be inspected, wherein the telescopic tube assembly can move horizontally between the curved plate and the product to be inspected, and when there are defects on the surface of the product to be inspected, the length of the telescopic tube assembly also changes accordingly; The marking assembly includes a first liquid tank and a second liquid tank disposed in the telescopic tube assembly, and the first liquid tank and the second liquid tank are filled with marking liquids of different colors. When the telescopic tube assembly is extended or retracted, the marking assembly can control the marking liquids of different colors to mark defects on the product to be inspected; The driving mechanism is used to drive the telescopic tube assembly to move along the horizontal direction of the curved plate.

[0006] Optionally, the telescopic pipe assembly includes a first pipe and a second pipe. One end of the first pipe is fixedly connected with an adjusting rod inserted into the second pipe. The end of the adjusting rod inserted into the second pipe is fixedly connected with an adjusting plate. An elastic member sleeved on the adjusting rod is arranged between the first pipe and the second pipe. The end of the first pipe abuts against the curved panel. A liquid injection hole for the marking liquid to flow out is formed at the end of the second pipe, and the end of the second pipe abuts against the product to be inspected.

[0007] Optionally, a linkage assembly is further included. The linkage assembly includes a first sliding rod penetrating through the first liquid storage tank. A first sliding groove for the first sliding rod to slide is formed in the second pipe wall. Water inlet and outlet ports communicating with each other are formed on the first sliding rod. Both the water inlet and outlet ports are arranged in the first liquid storage tank. The outlet port is arranged below the inlet port. The liquid injection hole is communicated with a first liquid injection hole, and the end of the first liquid injection hole is communicated with the first sliding groove.

[0008] Optionally, the linkage assembly includes a second sliding rod. A second sliding groove for the second sliding rod to slide is formed in the second pipe wall. An arc-shaped groove for the second sliding rod to slide is formed on the outer side wall of the second liquid storage tank. A water outlet hole is formed in the arc-shaped groove. A second liquid injection hole communicated with the liquid injection hole is formed on the second sliding groove wall. A through hole capable of communicating the water outlet hole with the second liquid injection hole is formed on the second sliding rod. The through hole is located below the water outlet hole and the second liquid injection hole.

[0009] Optionally, a sealing ring is sleeved on the first sliding rod, and a sealing ring is sleeved on the second sliding rod. The sealing ring can block the first liquid injection hole, and the sealing ring can block the water outlet hole and the second liquid injection hole.

[0010] Optionally, a connecting rod is connected between the ends of the first sliding rod and the second sliding rod. A driving rod is vertically connected to the connecting rod. A lever adjusting assembly is arranged inside the side wall of the second pipe. The lever adjusting assembly is used to connect the adjusting plate and the driving rod and amplify the vertical displacement of the driving rod.

[0011] Optionally, the lever adjusting assembly includes a movable groove formed on the side wall of the second pipe. A first limiting cylinder and a second limiting cylinder are fixedly connected in the movable groove. The second limiting cylinder is sleeved on the driving rod. A limiting rod is vertically movably arranged in the first limiting cylinder. One end of the limiting rod is hinged with a first ear plate. One end of the driving rod is hinged with a second ear plate. The ends of the first ear plate and the second ear plate are hinged on the same lever. One end of the lever is hinged on the adjusting plate. The first ear plate is arranged between the adjusting plate and the second ear plate. The distance between the adjusting plate and the first ear plate is smaller than the distance between the first ear plate and the second ear plate.

[0012] Optionally, the driving mechanism includes a linear guide rail disposed on the workbench, the linear guide rail is disposed between the curved panel and the product to be inspected, a sliding block is slidably disposed on the linear guide rail, a collar is disposed on the sliding block, and the collar is sleeved on the outer wall of the first pipe and drives the inspection mechanism to move along the opening direction of the linear guide rail.

[0013] Optionally, the inspection mechanism further includes a laser emitter disposed at the bottom of the adjusting plate, and a laser receiver is disposed at the bottom of the inner cavity of the second pipe.

[0014] Optionally, a control system is disposed inside the sliding block, and the control system can receive the electrical signal emitted by the laser receiver and control the operation of the sliding block according to the change of the signal.

[0015] In summary, the present application includes at least one of the following beneficial technical effects: 1. When the spring is in a compressed state and the telescopic tube assembly moves to the raised part of the product to be inspected, the first pipe and the second pipe can compress the elastic member, and the adjusting plate moves downward in the second pipe. When the telescopic tube assembly moves to the raised part of the product to be inspected, the elastic member will elongate, and the adjusting plate moves upward in the second pipe. When the adjusting plate moves up and down in the second pipe, the linkage assembly is used to control the corresponding color marking liquid to drip from the liquid injection hole to the defect of the product to be inspected for marking.

[0016] 2. Since the numerical changes at the raised and sunken parts of the product to be inspected are small, the vertical movement range of the adjusting plate in the second pipe is small, which is not conducive to the linkage assembly to open the opening of the first liquid storage tank or the second liquid storage tank. Therefore, a lever adjustment assembly is provided. When the adjusting plate moves vertically in the second pipe, the lever rotates around the hinge point between the first ear plate and the lever. Since the hinge point between the adjusting plate and the first ear plate is smaller than the distance between the first ear plate and the second ear plate, when the adjusting plate moves a small distance vertically, the vertical displacement of the driving rod is much larger than that of the adjusting plate, so as to facilitate the linkage assembly to open and close the marking assembly. Since the adjusting plate moves in the vertical direction, if the hinge point of the second ear plate is fixed, the distance between the adjusting plate and the second ear plate will increase. And the limiting rod can move vertically, so as to adjust the vertical range of the hinge point between the second ear plate and the lever. Moreover, the second ear plate is respectively hinged to the lever and the limiting rod, so the change range of the hinge point between the second ear plate and the lever will increase, which is convenient to adapt to the displacement change of the adjusting plate.

[0017] 3. When the detection mechanism moves to the convex part of the product to be inspected, the adjusting plate moves downward, thereby driving the second sliding rod to move upward. At this time, the through hole will move between the water outlet hole and the second liquid injection hole, thus connecting the water outlet hole and the second communication hole. The marking liquid in the second liquid storage box flows out of the water outlet hole to the through hole under the action of gravity, then flows through the second liquid injection hole and the liquid injection hole and drips on the convex part of the product to be inspected. When the first sliding rod moves upward, both the water inlet and the water outlet are located in the first liquid storage box, or the water inlet penetrates through the top of the first liquid storage box. At this time, the marking liquid in the first liquid storage box is not easy to flow out.

[0018] When the detection mechanism moves to the concave part of the product to be inspected, the adjusting plate moves upward, thereby driving the first sliding rod to move downward, so that the water outlet penetrates through the bottom of the first liquid storage box and communicates with the first liquid injection hole. The marking liquid in the first liquid storage box flows in from the water inlet and flows out from the water outlet to the first liquid injection hole under the action of gravity, and then drips on the concave part of the product to be inspected through the liquid injection hole. When the second sliding rod moves downward, the water outlet hole will move away from the second liquid injection hole. At this time, the marking liquid in the second liquid storage box is not easy to flow out.

[0019] When the detection mechanism continues to move, there will be marking liquid in the first liquid injection hole or the second liquid injection hole that has not been completely discharged from the liquid injection hole, which will cause the marking liquid to continue to drip from the liquid injection hole onto the product to be inspected, thus affecting the detection effect. When the detection mechanism moves to the part of the product to be inspected without defects, the adjusting plate will be reset, thereby driving the first sliding rod and the second sliding rod to be reset. The sealing ring outside the first sliding rod will seal the first liquid injection hole, and the sealing ring outside the second sliding rod will seal the water outlet hole and the second liquid injection hole. The marking liquid in the first liquid injection hole or the second liquid injection hole will be held by the atmospheric pressure and is not easy to flow out from the liquid injection hole continuously, ensuring the accuracy of the marking liquid.

[0020] 4. When the adjusting plate moves in the second pipeline, the laser receiver transmits an electrical signal to the control system. The control system issues an instruction to make the sliding block stop running until the marking liquid flows to the liquid injection hole and drips on the product to be inspected, and then drives the sliding block to continue moving. The laser sensor can accurately measure the value at the defective part of the product to be inspected, and at the same time can control the operation of the driving mechanism, facilitating the marking component to make a mark. Description of the Drawings

[0021] Figure 1 is the overall structural schematic diagram of an automatic surface defect detection system for precision castings in an embodiment of the present application; Figure 2 is the structural schematic diagram showing the positioning component in an embodiment of the present application; Figure 3 is the enlarged structural schematic diagram showing the telescopic tube component in an embodiment of the present application; Figure 4 is the cross-sectional structural schematic diagram showing the telescopic tube component in an embodiment of the present application; Figure 5 It is a schematic cross-sectional structure diagram showing the second pipeline in an embodiment of the present application; Figure 6 It is a schematic structure diagram showing the communication between the second infusion hole and the water outlet hole in an embodiment of the present application; Figure 7 It is a schematic structure diagram showing the water outlet passing through the first liquid placement box in an embodiment of the present application.

[0022] Explanation of reference numerals: 1, workbench; 11, product to be inspected; 12, curved panel; 2, positioning assembly; 21, clamping plate; 22, dovetail groove; 23, dovetail block; 24, electric telescopic rod; 3, frame; 31, adsorption plate; 4, telescopic tube assembly; 41, first pipeline; 42, second pipeline; 421, movable groove; 43, adjusting rod; 44, adjusting plate; 45, elastic member; 5, marking assembly; 51, first liquid placement box; 52, second liquid placement box; 521, arc groove; 522, water outlet hole; 53, liquid injection hole; 54, first infusion hole; 55, second infusion hole; 6, driving mechanism; 61, linear guide rail; 62, sliding block; 63, collar; 7, linkage assembly; 71, first sliding rod; 711, water inlet; 712, water outlet; 713, sealing ring; 72, first sliding groove; 73, second sliding rod; 731, through hole; 732, sealing ring; 74, second sliding groove; 75, connecting rod; 76, driving rod; 8, lever adjusting assembly; 81, lever; 82, first limiting cylinder; 83, second limiting cylinder; 84, limiting rod; 85, first ear plate; 86, second ear plate; 91, laser emitter; 92, laser receiver. Detailed implementation manners

[0023] The following will further describe the present application in detail with reference to the Figure 1 - attached Figure 7 drawings, and make a further detailed description of the present application.

[0024] The present application provides an automatic detection system for surface defects of precision castings. Referring to Figure 1 and Figure 2 , it includes a workbench 1, on which a positioning assembly 2, a detection mechanism, and a driving mechanism 6 are provided. The positioning assembly 2 includes two clamping plates 21 slidably arranged on the workbench 1. The surface of the workbench 1 is provided with a dovetail groove 22. The bottom of the clamping plate 21 is fixedly connected with a dovetail block 23 slidably arranged in the dovetail groove 22. Electric telescopic rods 24 for driving the dovetail block 23 to slide in the dovetail groove 22 are respectively arranged on both sides of the workbench 1. The output ends of the two electric telescopic rods 24 are respectively fixed to the opposite sides of the dovetail block 23, and the product to be inspected 11 is placed between the two clamping plates 21.

[0025] A frame 3 is fixedly connected to the workbench 1. The frame 3 is a telescopic rod. A suction plate 31 is fixedly connected to the top of the frame 3. The suction plate 31 has magnetism. The back of the standard casting curved panel 12 can be magnetically attracted to the suction plate 31. The standard casting curved panel 12 is arranged in parallel with the product to be inspected 11, so that the vertical distance at any point between the curved panel 12 and the product to be inspected 11 is equal. The telescopic assembly can adjust the distance between the curved panel 12 and the product to be inspected 11, facilitating the inspection of castings of different sizes and enhancing the applicability of the device.

[0026] Refer to Figure 3 and Figure 4 As shown in, the detection mechanism includes a telescopic pipe assembly 4 arranged between the curved panel 12 and the product to be inspected 11. The two ends of the telescopic pipe assembly 4 are respectively in contact with the curved surfaces of the curved panel 12 and the product to be inspected 11, and can move along the length direction of the curved panel 12. The telescopic pipe assembly 4 includes a first pipe 41 and a second pipe 42 arranged vertically. The first pipe 41 is arranged above the second pipe 42. One end of the first pipe 41 is fixedly connected with an adjusting rod 43 inserted into the inner cavity of the second pipe 42. The end of the adjusting rod 43 is fixedly connected with an adjusting plate 44 slidably arranged in the inner cavity of the second pipe 42. The mutually remote ends of the first pipe 41 and the second pipe 42 are both arc-shaped. The arc end of the first pipe 41 is in contact with the curved panel 12, and the arc end of the second pipe 42 is in contact with the surface of the product to be inspected 11. An elastic member 45 is fixedly connected between the first pipe 41 and the second pipe 42. The elastic member 45 is a spring. The elastic member 45 is sleeved on the adjusting rod 43 and is in a compressed state. The elastic member 45 exerts elastic forces with opposite directions on the first pipe 41 and the second pipe 42, so that the first pipe 41 is in contact with the curved panel 12 and the second pipe 42 is in contact with the product to be inspected 11.

[0027] When the telescopic pipe assembly 4 moves between the curved panel 12 and the product to be inspected 11, on the premise that the product to be inspected 11 meets the standards, the height of the telescopic pipe assembly 4 should always remain the same. When there is a depression on the surface of the product to be inspected 11, it will cause the distance between the curved panel 12 and the product to be inspected 11 to increase. The elastic forces exerted by the elastic member 45 on the first pipe 41 and the second pipe 42 push the first pipe 41 and the second pipe 42 to move in opposite directions until the arc end of the first pipe 41 is in contact with the curved panel 12 and the arc end of the second pipe 42 is in contact with the product to be inspected 11, and the adjusting plate 44 moves vertically upward in the second pipe 42.

[0028] When there is a protrusion on the surface of the product to be inspected 11, the distance between the curved panel 12 and the product to be inspected 11 will decrease. The curved panel 12 and the product to be inspected 11 respectively exert extrusion forces on the first pipe 41 and the second pipe 42. The first pipe 41 and the second pipe 42 approach each other, the elastic member 45 is compressed, and the adjusting plate 44 moves vertically downward in the second pipe 42.

[0029] Refer toFigure 1 and Figure 2 , the driving mechanism 6 includes a linear guide rail 61 fixedly connected to the frame body 3. Both ends of the linear guide rail 61 can slide horizontally on the frame body 3. The linear guide rail 61 is arranged between the curved panel 12 and the product to be inspected 11. A sliding block 62 is slidably arranged on the linear guide rail 61. A collar 63 is fixed on the side wall of the sliding block 62. The collar 63 is clamped on the outer wall of the first pipeline 41. The collar 63 has elasticity. The first pipeline 41 can move vertically within the collar 63. When the sliding block 62 moves on the linear guide rail 61, the collar 63 can drive the telescopic pipe assembly 4 to move horizontally between the curved panel 12 and the product to be inspected 11. And when controlling the linear guide rail 61 to move horizontally on the frame body 3, the product to be inspected 11 can be comprehensively inspected.

[0030] Refer to Figure 5 and Figure 6 , a marking assembly 5 is arranged at the arc end of the second pipeline 42. The marking assembly 5 includes a first liquid storage tank 51 and a second liquid storage tank 52 fixed inside the arc end of the second pipeline 42. Different colored marking liquids are filled in the first liquid storage tank 51 and the second liquid storage tank 52. A liquid injection hole 53 is opened at the part of the arc end of the second pipeline 42 in contact with the product to be inspected 11. A first liquid injection hole 54 and a second liquid injection hole 55 communicating with the liquid injection hole 53 are respectively opened inside the arc end of the second pipeline 42. A partition is arranged in the liquid injection hole 53. The first liquid injection hole 54 communicates with one of the liquid injection holes 53, and the second liquid injection hole 55 communicates with the other liquid injection hole 53, so that the marking liquids of different colors are mixed on the wall of the liquid injection hole 53.

[0031] Refer to Figure 6 and Figure 7 , a linkage assembly 7 is arranged inside the second pipeline 42. The linkage assembly 7 can be used to control the first liquid injection hole 54 to communicate with the first liquid storage tank 51, and the second liquid injection hole 55 to communicate with the second liquid storage tank 52. When a depression appears on the surface of the product to be inspected 11, the linkage assembly 7 controls the first liquid injection hole 54 to communicate with the first liquid storage tank 51, so that the marking liquid in the first liquid storage tank 51 flows into the first liquid injection hole 54 and then drips onto the depressed part of the product to be inspected 11 through the liquid injection hole 53. When a protrusion appears on the surface of the product to be inspected 11, the linkage assembly 7 controls the second liquid injection hole 55 to communicate with the second liquid storage tank 52, so that the marking liquid in the second liquid storage tank 52 flows into the second liquid injection hole 55 and then drips onto the protruding part of the product to be inspected 11 through the liquid injection hole 53.

[0032] Refer to Figure 6 and Figure 7, the linkage component 7 includes a first sliding rod 71 inserted into the first liquid storage tank 51. A first sliding groove 72 for the movement of the first sliding rod 71 is formed in the arc end of the second pipeline 42. The first sliding rod 71 vertically penetrates the first liquid storage tank 51. A sealing ring 713 is provided at the contact part between the first liquid storage tank 51 and the first sliding rod 71 to prevent the marking liquid from flowing out of the interface between the bottom of the first liquid storage tank 51 and the first sliding rod 71. An inlet 711 and an outlet 712 are formed on the first sliding rod 71. The inlet 711 is arranged above the outlet 712, and both the inlet 711 and the outlet 712 are located in the first liquid storage tank 51. A circulation hole communicating the inlet 711 and the outlet 712 is formed in the first sliding rod 71. The first liquid injection hole 54 communicates with the side wall of the first sliding groove 72 at the bottom of the first liquid storage tank 51. When the first sliding rod 71 moves downward, the outlet 712 extends out from the bottom of the first liquid storage tank 51 and communicates with the first liquid injection hole 54. At this time, the inlet 711 is located in the first liquid storage tank 51. Under the action of gravity, the marking liquid flows in from the inlet 711 and flows out from the outlet 712 into the first liquid injection hole 54, and then drips onto the concave part of the product to be inspected 11 through the liquid injection hole 53.

[0033] Refer to Figure 6 and Figure 7 , the linkage component 7 further includes a second sliding rod 73. A second sliding groove 74 for the movement of the second sliding rod 73 is formed in the arc end of the second pipeline 42. An arc-shaped groove 521 communicating with the second sliding groove 74 is formed in the outer side wall of the second liquid storage tank 52. The second sliding rod 73 is slidably arranged in the arc-shaped groove 521. An outlet hole 522 is formed in the arc-shaped groove 521. One end of the second liquid injection hole 55 away from the liquid injection hole 53 communicates with the side wall of the second sliding groove 74. A through hole 731 for communicating the outlet hole 522 and the second liquid injection hole 55 is formed on the second sliding rod 73. The through hole 731 is located below the outlet hole 522 and the second liquid injection hole 55. The diameter of the through hole 731 is smaller than that of the outlet hole 522 and the second liquid injection hole 55. A sealing ring 732 is sleeved on the second sliding rod 73.

[0034] When the second sliding rod 73 moves upward in the second sliding groove 74, one end of the through hole 731 communicates with the outlet hole 522, and the other end of the through hole 731 communicates with the second liquid injection hole 55. Under the action of gravity, the marking liquid flows out from the outlet hole 522 to the through hole 731, then flows through the second liquid injection hole 55 and the liquid injection hole 53 and drips onto the convex part of the product to be inspected 11.

[0035] Refer to Figure 6 and Figure 7The linkage assembly 7 also includes a connecting rod 75 fixedly connected between the ends of the first sliding rod 71 and the second sliding rod 73, and a driving rod 76 is vertically fixedly connected to the connecting rod 75. When the driving rod 76 moves downward, it can control the first liquid box 51 to be connected to the first infusion hole 54. When the driving rod 76 moves upward, it can control the second liquid box 52 to be connected to the second infusion hole 55.

[0036] Refer to 4 and Figure 5 The side wall of the second pipe 42 is provided with a movable groove 421, and a lever adjustment assembly 8 is arranged in the movable groove 421. The lever adjustment assembly 8 is arranged between the adjustment plate 44 and the driving rod 76. The lever adjustment assembly 8 includes a lever 81, a first limiting cylinder 82 and a second limiting cylinder 83. The first limiting cylinder 82 and the second limiting cylinder 83 are both fixed to the bottom wall of the movable groove 421. A limiting rod 84 is vertically slidably arranged in the first limiting cylinder 82. One end of the limiting rod 84 passing through the first limiting cylinder 82 is hinged with a first ear plate 85. The first ear plate The other end of 85 is hinged on the lever 81, the driving rod 76 is vertically slidably arranged in the second limiting cylinder 83, the other end of the driving rod 76 is hinged with a second ear plate 86, one end of the second ear plate 86 away from the driving rod 76 is hinged to the end of the lever 81, and one end of the lever 81 away from the second ear plate 86 is hinged to the end of the adjusting plate 44, the first ear plate 85 is arranged between the adjusting plate 44 and the second ear plate 86, and the distance between the first ear plate 85 and the adjusting plate 44 is smaller than the distance between the first ear plate 85 and the second ear plate 86.

[0037] When the adjustment plate 44 moves up and down in the second pipe 42, it will drive the driving rod 76 to move in the opposite direction. Since the change in the protrusion or depression on the surface of the inspected product 11 is extremely small, the displacement of the adjustment plate 44 in the second pipe 42 is small, which in turn causes the displacement of the driving rod 76 to be small, which is not conducive to the linkage component 7 to open and close the marking component 5. When the adjustment plate 44 moves vertically in the second pipe 42, the lever 81 rotates at the hinge point between the first ear plate 85 and the lever 81. Since the hinge point between the adjustment plate 44 and the first ear plate 85 is smaller than the distance between the first ear plate 85 and the second ear plate 86, when the adjustment plate 44 moves vertically a short distance, the vertical displacement of the driving rod 76 is much larger than the adjustment plate 44, thereby facilitating the linkage component 7 to open and close the marking component 5.

[0038] Since the adjustment plate 44 is displaced in the vertical direction, if the hinge point of the second ear plate 86 is fixed, the distance between the adjustment plate 44 and the second ear plate 86 will increase. However, the limit rod 84 can move vertically, so as to adjust the vertical range of the hinge point of the second ear plate 86 and the lever 81. The second ear plate 86 is hinged to the lever 81 and the limit rod 84 respectively, so the range of the hinge point of the second ear plate 86 and the lever 81 can be increased, so as to adapt to the displacement change of the adjustment plate 44.

[0039] When the telescopic pipe assembly 4 moves to the raised part on the surface of the product to be inspected 11, the distance between the product to be inspected 11 and the curved panel 12 will decrease. The first pipe 41 and the second pipe 42 will compress the elastic member 45. The adjusting plate 44 moves downward in the second pipe 42. The lever 81 rotates with the hinge point between the first ear plate 85 and the lever 81 as the fulcrum. The first ear plate 85 moves upward under the prying action of the lever 81. The driving rod 76 moves vertically upward under the limiting action of the second limiting cylinder 83, thereby driving both the first sliding rod 71 and the second sliding rod 73 to move vertically upward. When the first sliding rod 71 moves upward in the first sliding groove 72, both the water inlet 711 and the water outlet 712 are located in the first liquid storage tank 51, and there is also a situation where the water inlet 711 penetrates through the top of the first liquid storage tank 51, and the marking liquid will not flow out from the first liquid storage tank 51.

[0040] When the second sliding rod 73 moves upward in the second sliding groove 74, the through hole 731 will move between the water outlet hole 522 and the second liquid injection hole 55, thereby connecting the water outlet hole 522 and the second liquid injection hole 55. The marking liquid in the second liquid storage tank 52 flows toward the second liquid injection hole 55 under the action of gravity and drips onto the raised part of the product to be inspected 11 through the liquid injection hole 53.

[0041] When the telescopic pipe assembly 4 continues to move and the product to be inspected 11 meets the standard, the distance between the product to be inspected 11 and the curved panel 12 will return to the initial length. The elastic member 45 undergoes elastic deformation. The elastic member 45 exerts elastic forces with opposite directions on the first pipe 41 and the second pipe 42, causing the first pipe 41 to abut against the curved panel 12 and the second pipe 42 to abut against the product to be inspected 11. The adjusting plate 44 moves upward in the second pipe 42, thereby causing the lever 81 to return to the initial position, synchronously driving the driving rod 76 to return to its original state, and the first sliding rod 71 and the second sliding rod 73 move downward simultaneously. The through hole 731 moves below the water outlet hole 522 and the second liquid injection hole 55. The sealing ring 732 on the second sliding rod 73 closes the water outlet hole 522 and the second liquid injection hole 55. When the second liquid injection hole 55 is closed, since the length of the second liquid injection hole 55 is less than 10 meters, the marking liquid flowing in the second liquid injection hole 55 will be held by the atmospheric pressure and is not likely to continue to flow out from the liquid injection hole 53. Thus, when the telescopic pipe component moves, the possibility of the remaining marking liquid in the second liquid injection hole 55 continuing to mark is reduced, thereby improving the accuracy of marking.

[0042] When the telescopic pipe assembly 4 moves to the part of the surface of the product to be inspected 11 where there is a depression, the distance between the product to be inspected 11 and the curved panel 12 will increase, the elastic member 45 will elongate, causing the adjusting plate 44 to move upward in the second pipe 42. The lever 81 rotates with the hinge point between the first ear plate 85 and the lever 81 as the fulcrum. The first ear plate 85 moves downward under the prying action of the lever 81, and the driving rod 76 will move vertically downward under the limiting action of the second limiting cylinder 83, thereby driving both the first sliding rod 71 and the second sliding rod 73 to move vertically downward. When the first sliding rod 71 moves downward in the first sliding groove 72, the water outlet 712 will penetrate through the bottom of the first liquid storage tank 51 and communicate with the first liquid injection hole 54. The marking liquid in the first liquid storage tank 51 flows from the water inlet 711 to the water outlet 712 under the action of gravity, and flows through the first liquid injection hole 54 to the liquid injection hole 53, and then drips onto the depressed part of the product to be inspected 11 to mark the surface of the product to be inspected 11.

[0043] When the second sliding rod 73 moves downward, the through hole 731 will move away from the water outlet hole 522 and the second liquid injection hole 55. When the telescopic pipe assembly 4 continues to move to the standard part of the product to be inspected 11, the first sliding rod 71 moves upward, the water outlet 712 enters the first liquid storage tank 51, and the sealing ring 713 outside the first sliding rod 71 will seal the first liquid injection hole 54, so that the marking liquid in the first liquid injection hole 54 will stop flowing.

[0044] Refer to Figure 5 , the detection mechanism further includes a laser emitter 91 arranged at the bottom of the adjusting plate 44, a laser receiver is arranged on the bottom wall of the inner cavity of the second pipe 42, and a control system is arranged inside the sliding block 62. The electrical signal of the laser receiver 92 can be transmitted to the control system and control the operation of the sliding block 62. The cooperation of the laser emitter 91 and the laser receiver 92 can detect the distance between the adjusting plate 44 and the bottom wall of the second pipe 42 in real time, so as to obtain the change value of the protrusion and depression on the surface of the product to be inspected 11. And when the adjusting plate 44 moves in the second pipe 42, the laser receiver 92 transmits the electrical signal to the control system, and the control system issues an instruction to make the sliding block 62 stop running until the marking liquid drops on the defective part of the product to be inspected 11 and then the sliding block 62 continues to move.

[0045] The implementation principle of an automatic detection system for surface defects of precision castings in an embodiment of this application: The curved panel 12 of the standard casting is fixed on the adsorption plate 31, and the product to be inspected 11 is fixed on the workbench 1 through the clamping plate 21. The telescopic pipe assembly 4 moves between the curved panel 12 and the product to be inspected 11 along the linear guide rail 61. When there is a protrusion on the surface of the product to be inspected 11, the elastic member 45 is compressed by the first pipe 41 and the second pipe 42, the adjusting plate 44 moves downward in the second pipe 42, and when the adjusting plate 44 moves downward, it pries the driving rod 76 to move vertically upward through the lever 81, controlling the second sliding rod 73 to move upward on the second sliding groove 74. The through hole 731 connects the water outlet hole 522 with the second infusion hole 55, and the marking liquid drops from the water outlet hole 522 through the through hole 731, the second infusion hole 55, and the injection hole 53 onto the protruding part of the product to be inspected 11.

[0046] When there is a depression on the surface of the product to be inspected 11, the elastic member 45 elongates to increase the distance between the first pipe 41 and the second pipe 42, the adjusting plate 44 moves upward in the second pipe 42, and when the adjusting plate 44 moves upward, it pries the driving rod 76 to move vertically downward through the lever 81, controlling the first sliding rod 71 to move downward in the first sliding groove 72. The water outlet 712 penetrates through the bottom of the first liquid storage tank 51 and is connected to the first infusion hole 54. The marking liquid in the first liquid storage tank 51 flows from the water outlet 712 through the first infusion hole 54 and the injection hole 53, and then drops onto the depressed part of the product to be inspected 11.

[0047] When the adjusting plate 44 moves in the second pipe 42, the laser receiver 92 transmits an electrical signal to the control system, and the control system issues an instruction to make the slider 62 stop running until the marking liquid drops onto the defective part of the product to be inspected 11 and then the slider 62 continues to move.

[0048] When the telescopic pipe assembly 4 continues to move, the sealing ring 713 outside the first sliding rod 71 will seal the first infusion hole 54, and the sealing ring 732 on the second sliding rod 73 will seal the water outlet hole 522 and the second infusion hole 55, so that the marking liquid flowing in the first infusion hole 54 and the second infusion hole 55 will be held back by the atmospheric pressure and stop flowing.

[0049] When the telescopic pipe assembly 4 moves between the curved panel 12 and the product to be inspected 11, it will expand and contract correspondingly according to the defects on the surface of the product to be inspected 11, controlling the adjusting plate 44 to slide up and down in the second pipe 42. The lever adjustment assembly 8 can increase the displacement of the driving rod 76, thereby controlling the linkage assembly 7 to drop the marking liquid in the first liquid storage tank 51 or the second liquid storage tank 52 onto the defective part of the product to be inspected 11 for marking. The laser sensor can accurately measure the value at the defective part of the product to be inspected 11 and can also control the operation of the driving mechanism 6, facilitating the marking by the marking assembly 5.

[0050] The embodiments of this specific implementation manner are all preferred embodiments of this application, and do not limit the protection scope of this application accordingly. Identical components are denoted by the same reference numerals. Therefore, all equivalent changes made according to the structure, shape, and principle of this application shall be covered within the protection scope of this application.

Claims

1. An automatic detection system for surface defects of precision castings, characterized in that, It includes a workbench (1), and the following are provided on the workbench (1): A positioning component (2), which is used to fix the product to be inspected (11) on the workbench (1); A frame body (3), which is connected to the workbench (1) and is provided with a standard casting curved panel (12), and the curved panel (12) is arranged parallel and facing the product to be inspected (11); A detection mechanism, which includes a telescopic pipe component (4) arranged between the curved panel (12) and the product to be inspected (11), and the telescopic pipe component (4) can move horizontally between the curved panel (12) and the product to be inspected (11). When there are defects on the surface of the product to be inspected (11), the length of the telescopic pipe component (4) also changes accordingly; A marking component (5), which includes a first liquid storage tank (51) and a second liquid storage tank (52) arranged in the telescopic pipe component (4), and different color marking liquids are contained in the first liquid storage tank (51) and the second liquid storage tank (52). When the telescopic pipe component (4) extends and contracts, the marking component (5) can control different color marking liquids to mark the defective parts of the product to be inspected (11); A driving mechanism (6), which is used to drive the telescopic pipe component (4) to move along the horizontal direction of the curved panel (12).

2. An automatic detection system for surface defects of precision castings according to claim 1, characterized in that, The telescopic pipe component (4) includes a first pipe (41) and a second pipe (42). One end of the first pipe (41) is fixedly connected with an adjusting rod (43) inserted into the second pipe (42). The end of the adjusting rod (43) inserted into the second pipe (42) is fixedly connected with an adjusting plate (44). An elastic member (45) sleeved on the adjusting rod (43) is arranged between the first pipe (41) and the second pipe (42). The elastic member (45) is in a compressed state. The end of the first pipe (41) abuts against the curved panel (12). A liquid injection hole (53) for the marking liquid to flow out is opened at the end of the second pipe (42), and the end of the second pipe (42) abuts against the product to be inspected (11).

3. An automatic detection system for surface defects of precision castings according to claim 2, characterized in that, It also includes a linkage component (7). The linkage component (7) includes a first sliding rod (71) passing through the first liquid storage tank (51). A first sliding groove (72) for the first sliding rod (71) to slide is opened in the wall of the second pipe (42). A water inlet (711) and a water outlet (712) which are communicated with each other are opened on the first sliding rod (71). Both the water inlet (711) and the water outlet (712) are arranged in the first liquid storage tank (51). The water outlet (712) is arranged below the water inlet (711). The liquid injection hole (53) is communicated with a first liquid injection hole (54), and the end of the first liquid injection hole (54) is communicated with the first sliding groove (72).

4. An automatic surface defect detection system for precision castings according to claim 3, characterized in that, The linkage assembly (7) includes a second sliding rod (73). A second sliding groove (74) for the second sliding rod (73) to slide is formed in the wall of the second pipe (42). An arc-shaped groove (521) for the second sliding rod (73) to slide is formed in the outer side wall of the second liquid storage tank (52). A water outlet hole (522) is formed in the arc-shaped groove (521). A second liquid injection hole (55) communicating with the liquid injection hole (53) is formed in the wall of the second sliding groove (74). A through hole (731) capable of communicating the water outlet hole (522) with the second liquid injection hole (55) is formed in the second sliding rod (73). The through hole (731) is located below the water outlet hole (522) and the second liquid injection hole (55).

5. An automatic detection system for surface defects of precision castings according to claim 4, characterized in that, A sealing ring (713) is sleeved on the first sliding rod (71), and a sealing ring (732) is sleeved on the second sliding rod (73). The sealing ring (713) can block the first liquid injection hole (54), and the sealing ring (732) can block the water outlet hole (522) and the second liquid injection hole (55).

6. An automatic detection system for surface defects of precision castings according to claim 4, characterized in that, A connecting rod (75) is connected between the ends of the first sliding rod (71) and the second sliding rod (73). A driving rod (76) is vertically connected to the connecting rod (75). A lever adjusting assembly (8) is arranged in the side wall of the second pipe (42). The lever adjusting assembly (8) is used to connect the adjusting plate (44) and the driving rod (76) and amplify the vertical displacement of the driving rod (76).

7. An automatic detection system for surface defects of precision castings according to claim 6, characterized in that, The lever adjusting assembly (8) includes a movable groove (421) formed in the side wall of the second pipe (42). A first limiting cylinder (82) and a second limiting cylinder (83) are fixedly connected in the movable groove (421). The second limiting cylinder (83) is sleeved on the driving rod (76). A limiting rod (84) is vertically movably arranged in the first limiting cylinder (82). One end of the limiting rod (84) is hinged with a first ear plate (85). One end of the driving rod (76) is hinged with a second ear plate (86). The ends of the first ear plate (85) and the second ear plate (86) are hinged on the same lever (81). One end of the lever (81) is hinged on the adjusting plate (44). The first ear plate (85) is arranged between the adjusting plate (44) and the second ear plate (86). The distance between the adjusting plate (44) and the first ear plate (85) is less than the distance between the first ear plate (85) and the second ear plate (86).

8. An automatic surface defect detection system for precision castings according to claim 1, characterized in that, The driving mechanism (6) includes a linear guide rail (61) arranged on the workbench (1). The linear guide rail (61) is arranged between the curved panel (12) and the product to be inspected (11). A sliding block (62) is slidably arranged on the linear guide rail (61). A sleeve ring (63) is arranged on the sliding block (62). The sleeve ring (63) is sleeved on the outer wall of the first pipe (41) and drives the detection mechanism to move along the opening direction of the linear guide rail (61).

9. An automatic surface defect detection system for precision castings according to claim 8, characterized in that, The detection mechanism further includes a laser emitter (91) arranged at the bottom of the adjusting plate (44), and a laser receiver (92) is arranged at the bottom of the inner cavity of the second pipe (42).

10. An automatic surface defect detection system for precision castings according to claim 9, characterized in that, A control system is arranged inside the sliding block (62). The control system can receive the electrical signal emitted by the laser receiver (92) and control the operation of the sliding block (62) according to the change of the signal.

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