Living body selection and retention comprehensive evaluation method for improving meat production performance of meat pigeons

Abstract

The invention relates to a living body selection and retention comprehensive evaluation method for improving meat production performance of meat pigeons, which comprises the following steps: (1) in a living body state, measuring six economic characters of 28-day-old meat pigeons to be evaluated, the six economic characters being live weight, pectoral muscle thickness, chest width, chest depth, keel length and body oblique length; and (2) substituting the measured value results of the six economic characters of the meat pigeons into the comprehensive evaluation model to obtain comprehensive scores and sort the comprehensive scores, and selecting and remaining excellent individuals for breeding the meat pigeons with high meat performance in the later period according to the comprehensive scores and the sorting condition. According to the method, the breast muscle weight of the meat pigeons can be accurately estimated through a multivariate linear regression model in a living body, so that breeding process slowing down and economic losses caused by slaughtering are avoided, and more importantly, comprehensive evaluation analysis of a weight assignment mode is carried out in combination with living body measurement data of multiple important economic characters of the meat pigeons on the basis; therefore, individuals with high meat production performance and good comprehensive performance in the detected group can be rapidly screened out for subsequent meat pigeon breeding, the operation is simple, and the accuracy is high.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present invention relates to the technical field of livestock and poultry breeding, and particularly relates to a comprehensive live selection and retention evaluation method for improving the meat production performance of meat pigeons. Background Art

[0002] In traditional livestock and poultry breeding, for the selection of traits that cannot be measured in vivo, methods such as full-sib and half-sib tests are usually used. However, these methods often require slaughtering a large number of individuals, which not only causes certain economic losses to the farms, but also leads to the loss of some individuals with good breeding potential. At present, there is no systematic breeding system for the meat production performance in meat pigeon breeding. For example, the selection of the breast muscle weight trait in meat pigeons still mainly relies on phenotypic selection. Breeders select and retain the appearance and productivity of meat pigeons through methods such as naked-eye observation and manual touch. This is not only inefficient, but also prone to subjective judgment errors, resulting in low accuracy of selection and slow genetic progress. In addition, although the correlation between the meat production performance of meat pigeons and traits such as body size and slaughter is comprehensively considered in the actual selection process, a comprehensive and overall consideration and evaluation of the meat production performance of meat pigeons according to the weights of each trait has not been achieved, so as to achieve a fast and accurate selection effect.

[0003] For meat pigeons, squabs occupy a relatively high share in the market. Research shows that the breast muscle weight accounts for about 20% to 30% of the squab weight. Therefore, accelerating the selection of the breast muscle weight trait is the primary problem in meat pigeon breeding. At present, establishing a regression equation using different trait data that can be measured in vivo to indirectly estimate the breast muscle weight has been widely used in poultry breeding. Zhang Rui et al. measured the body weight, breast muscle thickness, breast depth, breast width, and keel length of 30 Suwei meat pigeons and established a regression equation for these 5 traits to estimate the breast muscle weight. The determination coefficient was only 0.699, and the fitting degree of the equation was low. Therefore, the accuracy of estimating the breast muscle weight using this model is not high. In addition, in practical applications, if only the estimated value of the breast muscle weight trait is used to evaluate the meat production performance of an individual, there are certain limitations. Summary of the Invention

[0004] In order to solve the above problems in the prior art, the present invention provides a comprehensive live selection and retention evaluation method for improving the meat production performance of meat pigeons, which is simple to operate and has high accuracy.

[0005] In order to achieve the above object, the present invention provides a comprehensive live selection and retention evaluation method for improving the meat production performance of meat pigeons. This method can not only estimate the breast muscle weight in the live state of meat pigeons, but most importantly, on this basis, it comprehensively considers and evaluates the weight assignment mode of multiple important economic traits of meat pigeons, so as to select and retain excellent individuals for the breeding of meat pigeons with high meat production performance. The present invention provides the application of the above evaluation method in the breeding of European meat pigeons and Suwei No. 1 meat pigeons.

[0006] A comprehensive evaluation method for live selection and retention to improve the meat production performance of meat pigeons provided by the present invention is mainly characterized by including the following steps:

[0007] (1) Under the live state, measure 6 important economic traits of 28-day-old meat pigeons to be evaluated. The 6 economic traits are live weight, pectoral muscle thickness, chest width, chest depth, keel length, and body diagonal length;

[0008] (2) Substitute the measurement results of the 6 important economic traits of the obtained meat pigeons into the comprehensive evaluation model to obtain a comprehensive score, and select excellent individuals according to the comprehensive score for later breeding of meat pigeons with high meat production performance. The comprehensive evaluation model is:

[0009] Y = 0.3316ZX1 + 0.1699ZX2 + 0.2415ZX3 + 0.3061ZX4 + 0.3409ZX5 + 0.3313XZ6 + 0.2973ZX7, where X7 = 0.1455X1 + 2.1432X2 + 3.9792X3 + 3.6295X4 - 82.34;

[0010] In the formula, ZX1, ZX2, ZX3, ZX4, ZX5, ZX6, and ZX7 are the standardized results of live weight, pectoral muscle thickness, chest width, chest depth, keel length, body diagonal length, and pectoral muscle weight respectively, X1, X2, X3, X4, X5, and X6 are the measurement values of live weight, pectoral muscle thickness, chest width, chest depth, keel length, and body diagonal length respectively, and X7 is the estimated value of pectoral muscle weight.

[0011] Preferably, the standardized result is obtained by the formula where X is the measurement value of the economic trait, is the average value of the measurement values of the economic trait, and S is the standard deviation of the measurement values of the economic trait.

[0012] Preferably, in step (1), the pectoral muscle thickness is measured by a full digital ultrasonic imaging diagnostic instrument.

[0013] Preferably, the specific thickness of measuring the pectoral muscle thickness by the full digital ultrasonic imaging diagnostic instrument is as follows: lay the meat pigeon to be measured flat with the chest facing up, pluck the feathers on one side of the chest of the meat pigeon and evenly apply ultrasonic coupling agent on the part to be measured, place the ultrasonic probe perpendicular to the part to be measured, slowly move the probe and observe the computer detection screen in real time. When the thickest part of the pectoral muscle is detected, freeze the observation screen, select the "length" measurement function, click on the moving point on the track line to vertically connect the lowest point of the sternum to the epidermis, record the real-time measurement data, repeat the measurement 3 times for each individual, and take the average value as the final measurement value of the pectoral muscle thickness.

[0014] Preferably, individuals with a comprehensive score > 0 are used as breeding materials for meat pigeons with high meat production performance in the future.

[0015] Compared with traditional pigeon breeding techniques, in addition to being able to estimate the breast muscle weight of live pigeons through a multiple linear regression model to avoid economic losses caused by slaughter, the most important thing about the method of the present invention is that it combines the live measurement data of multiple important economic traits of pigeons to conduct a comprehensive evaluation and analysis of the weight assignment mode on this basis, so as to quickly screen out individuals with high meat production performance in the tested population for subsequent pigeon breeding. This method is simple to operate and has high accuracy, and has good application prospects in the field of pigeon breeding. Detailed implementation manner

[0016] In order to be able to more clearly describe the technical content of the present invention, the following will be further described in conjunction with specific embodiments.

[0017] Example 1

[0018] In this Example 1, 200 European pigeons were used as experimental objects, and a comprehensive live selection and evaluation method for improving the meat production performance of pigeons was specifically provided, including the following steps:

[0019] (1) Randomly select 200 28-day-old European pigeons in the cage-raising mode, and measure the live weight, chest width, chest depth, keel length, and body diagonal length of the pigeons in the live state with reference to the "Nomenclature and Measurement Calculation Methods for Poultry Production Performance" (NY / T 823-2020). After slaughter, measure the unilateral breast muscle weight, and use a full digital ultrasonic imaging diagnostic instrument (Uprobe5) to measure the breast muscle thickness. The results show that the average live weight of 200 European pigeons Standard deviation S1 = 57.15 g; average breast muscle thickness Standard deviation S2 = 2.42 mm; average chest width Standard deviation S3 = 0.35 cm; average chest depth Standard deviation S4 = 0.39 cm; average keel length Standard deviation S5 = 0.51 cm; average body diagonal length Standard deviation S6 = 0.54 cm; average breast muscle weight Standard deviation S7 = 15.79 g.

[0020] (2) Standardize the measured values of the above 7 traits of each individual according to the formula In the formula, X is the measured value of the trait, is the average value of the measured values of the trait, and S is the standard deviation of the measured values of the trait.

[0021] (3) Use the dimension reduction (factor process) in IBM SPSS Statistics software to conduct principal component analysis on the 7 important economic traits of the above European pigeons.

[0022] The results showed that the eigenvalue and variance contribution rate of the first three principal components were 4.21 (60.16%), 0.74 (10.57%), and 0.60 (8.57%) respectively, and the cumulative variance contribution rate reached 79.30%, basically including the main information of the 7 economic traits. According to the eigenvectors and their respective weights of the selected principal components, the comprehensive evaluation model for 7 important economic traits of European meat pigeons was calculated as Y = 0.3316ZX1 + 0.1699ZX2 + 0.2415ZX3 + 0.3061ZX4 + 0.3409ZX5 + 0.3313ZX6 + 0.2973ZX7. In the formula, ZX1, ZX2, ZX3, ZX4, ZX5, ZX6 are the standardized results of the measured values of live weight, pectoral muscle thickness, chest width, chest depth, keel length, and body diagonal length respectively, and ZX7 is the standardized result of the estimated value of pectoral muscle weight. Using this model, the comprehensive evaluation results of the 7 economic traits (including pectoral muscle weight trait) of each meat pigeon can be obtained.

[0023] (4) In order to estimate the pectoral muscle weight of live meat pigeons, multiple linear regression analysis in IBM SPSS Statistics software was used to fit the 6 measurement indexes of live weight, pectoral muscle thickness, chest width, chest depth, keel length, and body diagonal length with the pectoral muscle weight, and the optimal regression model was obtained as Y = 0.1455X1 + 2.1432X2 + 3.9792X3 + 3.6295X4 - 82.34. In the formula, the determination coefficient R 2 = 0.788, X1, X2, X3, X4 are live weight, pectoral muscle thickness, chest width, and chest depth respectively, 0.1455, 2.1432, 3.9792, 3.6295 are the regression coefficients of the corresponding traits respectively, -82.34 is the calibration coefficient. Using this model to estimate the pectoral muscle weight, the results are shown in Table 1 below. The correlation coefficient between the estimated value and the measured value reaches 0.887, and the estimation accuracy is high.

[0024] Table 1 Pectoral muscle weight trait of 200 28-day-old European meat pigeons by multiple linear regression analysis

[0025]

[0026]

[0027] (5) Integrate the models in steps (3) and (4) to obtain the comprehensive evaluation model for live selection and retention in the breeding process of high-yield meat performance meat pigeons:

[0028] Y = 0.3316ZX1 + 0.1699ZX2 + 0.2415ZX3 + 0.3061ZX4 + 0.3409ZX5 + 0.3313ZX6 + 0.2973Z(0.1455X1 + 2.1432X2 + 3.9792X3 + 3.6295X4 - 82.34). In the formula, ZX1, ZX2, ZX3, ZX4, ZX5, and ZX6 are the standardized results of the measured values of live weight, breast muscle thickness, chest width, chest depth, keel length, and body diagonal length, respectively. The value in the parentheses is the estimated value of the breast muscle weight trait. The comprehensive scores of 7 important economic traits (including the breast muscle weight trait) of each measured individual are calculated through this model, and the results are shown in Table 2.

[0029] Table 2 Comprehensive score situation of 7 important economic traits of 200 28-day-old European meat pigeons by principal component analysis

[0030]

[0031]

[0032]

[0033] (7) Rank the above comprehensive scores from large to small, and select 107 individuals with scores > 0 as the breeding materials for subsequent high-yield meat performance meat pigeons.

[0034] Example 2

[0035] In this Example 2, 40 Suwei No. 1 meat pigeons (28 days old) were selected as the experimental objects, and the same comprehensive evaluation method as in Example 1 was used for in vivo selection during the breeding process of high-yield meat performance meat pigeons. When the meat pigeons were raised to 22 weeks old under the same feeding conditions, the live weight was measured to verify the accuracy of the comprehensive evaluation model. The specific data results are shown in Table 3 below.

[0036] Table 3

[0037]

[0038]

[0039] Rank the above comprehensive scores from large to small, and it is found that the live weights of the individuals with scores > 0 when raised to 22 weeks old are all greater than the average of all individuals (658 g), indicating that the comprehensive evaluation model provided by the present invention has high accuracy for in vivo selection of high-yield meat performance meat pigeons. Therefore, this part of the individuals selected by the comprehensive evaluation method of the present invention can be used as the breeding materials for subsequent high-yield meat performance Suwei No. 1 meat pigeons.

[0040] In this specification, the invention has been described with reference to specific embodiments thereof. However, it will be apparent that various modifications and variations can be made without departing from the spirit and scope of the invention. Accordingly, the specification is to be regarded as illustrative rather than restrictive.

Claims

1. A comprehensive evaluation method for in vivo selection and retention to improve the meat production performance of meat pigeons, characterized in that, It includes the following steps: (1) Under the live state, measure 6 economic traits of the 28-day-old meat pigeons to be evaluated. The 6 economic traits are live weight, pectoral muscle thickness, chest width, chest depth, keel length, and body diagonal length; (2) Substitute the measurement results of the 6 economic traits of the obtained meat pigeons into the comprehensive evaluation model to obtain a comprehensive score, and select excellent individuals according to the comprehensive score for the later breeding of high-yield meat performance meat pigeons. The comprehensive evaluation model is: Y = 0.3316ZX1 + 0.1699ZX2 + 0.2415ZX3 + 0.3061ZX4 + 0.3409ZX5 + 0.3313ZX6 + 0.2973ZX7, where X7 = 0.1455X1 + 2.1432X2 + 3.9792X3 + 3.6295X4 - 82.34; In the formula, ZX1, ZX2, ZX3, ZX4, ZX5, ZX6, and ZX7 are the standardized results of live weight, pectoral muscle thickness, chest width, chest depth, keel length, body diagonal length, and pectoral muscle weight respectively. X1, X2, X3, X4, X5, and X6 are the measured values of live weight, pectoral muscle thickness, chest width, chest depth, keel length, and body diagonal length respectively. X7 is the estimated value of pectoral muscle weight.

2. The comprehensive evaluation method for live selection and retention to improve the meat production performance of meat pigeons according to claim 1, characterized in that, The standardized result is obtained by the formula where X is the measured value of the economic trait, is the average value of the measured values of the economic trait, and S is the standard deviation of the measured values of the economic trait.

3. The comprehensive evaluation method for live selection and retention to improve the meat production performance of meat pigeons according to claim 1, characterized in that In step (1), the pectoral muscle thickness is measured using a full digital ultrasonic imaging diagnostic instrument.

4. The comprehensive evaluation method for in vivo selection and retention to improve the meat production performance of meat pigeons according to claim 3, characterized in that, The specific thickness measured by the full digital ultrasonic imaging diagnostic instrument for the pectoral muscle thickness is as follows: Lay the meat pigeon to be measured flat with the chest facing up, pluck the feathers on one side of the chest of the meat pigeon and evenly apply ultrasonic coupling agent to the part to be measured. Place the ultrasonic probe perpendicular to the part to be measured, slowly move the probe and observe the computer detection screen in real time. When the thickest part of the pectoral muscle is detected, freeze the observation screen, select the "length" measurement function, click on the moving point on the trajectory line to vertically connect the lowest point of the sternum to the epidermis, record the real-time measurement data, repeat the measurement 3 times for each individual, and take the average value as the final measured value of the pectoral muscle thickness.

5. The comprehensive evaluation method for live selection and retention to improve the meat production performance of meat pigeons according to claim 1, characterized in that Individuals with a comprehensive score > 0 are used as breeding materials for subsequent high-yield meat performance meat pigeons.

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