Network access method and device and related equipment

Abstract

The invention provides a network access method and device and related equipment, and relates to the technical field of communication. The method comprises the following steps: determining a target satellite from a plurality of satellites according to the service time of each satellite and the transmission time corresponding to each satellite; determining an access mode according to the service time of the target satellite, the corresponding transmission time of the target satellite and the reference signal receiving power of a wireless link between the target satellite and the user equipment; acquiring configuration resources of the target satellite from the broadcast message of the target satellite; accessing the non-land network through the target satellite according to the access mode and the configuration resources; if the access fails and a unique identifier from the non-terrestrial network is received, the non-terrestrial network is accessed using the unique identifier.

Description

Background Art

[0002] Currently, NTN (Non-Terrestrial Networks) mainly relies on the four-step random access method for the access operation of user equipment. This single access method performs poorly in terms of processing delay. Especially in the satellite communication scenario, due to the large propagation delay, the overall access process takes a long time. In addition, the existing access methods cannot handle the problem of access competition conflicts. Summary of the Invention

[0003] The present disclosure provides a network access method, apparatus and related equipment, which at least to some extent improve the flexibility of accessing the network and reduce the delay.

[0004] Other features and advantages of the present disclosure will become apparent through the following detailed description, or be learned in part through the practice of the present disclosure.

[0005] According to an aspect of the present disclosure, there is provided a network access method applied to a user equipment, including: determining a target satellite from multiple satellites according to the service time of each satellite and the transmission time corresponding to each satellite; determining an access mode according to the service time of the target satellite, its corresponding transmission time, and the reference signal received power of the radio link between the target satellite and the user equipment, where the access mode includes a two-step random access mode and a four-step random access mode; obtaining the configured resources of the target satellite from the broadcast message of the target satellite, where the configured resources include: random access opportunity and preamble; accessing the non-terrestrial network through the target satellite according to the access mode and the configured resources; if the access fails and a unique identifier from the non-terrestrial network is received, accessing the non-terrestrial network using the unique identifier, where the non-terrestrial network sends the unique identifier to the user equipment with the most access failure times.

[0006] In an embodiment of the present disclosure, determining the access mode according to the service time of the target satellite, its corresponding transmission time, and the reference signal received power of the radio link between the target satellite and the user equipment includes: when the reference signal received power is less than or equal to a preset power, determining the access mode as a four-step random access mode; when the reference signal received power is greater than the preset power, obtaining the access duration requirement of the user equipment, and determining the access mode according to the access duration requirement, the service time of the target satellite, and its corresponding transmission time.

[0007] In one embodiment of the present disclosure, to determine an access mode according to the access duration requirement, the service time of the target satellite, and its corresponding transmission time, the method includes: if the transmission time corresponding to the target satellite is greater than a first duration and / or the access duration requirement of the user equipment is less than a second duration, determining the access mode as a two-step random access mode; if the remaining service time of the target satellite is less than a third duration, determining the access mode as a two-step random access mode, where the remaining service time of the target satellite is related to the service time of the target satellite and its corresponding transmission time; otherwise, determining the access mode as a four-step random access mode.

[0008] In one embodiment of the present disclosure, before determining the target satellite from multiple satellites according to the service time of each satellite and the transmission time corresponding to each satellite, the method further includes: for a satellite with a fixed ground beam, obtaining the service time of the satellite from the broadcast message of the satellite; for a satellite with a mobile ground beam, calculating the service time of the satellite based on the cell radius of the satellite, the ephemeris information, and the location of the user equipment.

[0009] In one embodiment of the present disclosure, calculating the service time of the satellite based on the cell radius of the satellite, the ephemeris information, and the location of the user equipment includes: calculating the cell boundary of the satellite based on the cell radius of the satellite and the ephemeris information; calculating the distance between the location of the user equipment and the cell boundary of the satellite; calculating the cell moving speed of the satellite based on the ephemeris information of the satellite; calculating the service time of the satellite based on the cell moving speed of the satellite and the corresponding distance.

[0010] In one embodiment of the present disclosure, before determining the target satellite from multiple satellites according to the service time of each satellite and the transmission time corresponding to each satellite, the method further includes: calculating the transmission time of the radio link between each satellite and the user equipment based on the location of the user equipment and the ephemeris information of each satellite.

[0011] In one embodiment of the present disclosure, after accessing the non-terrestrial network through the target satellite according to the access mode and the configured resources, the method further includes: if the access fails through the two-step random access mode, receiving a unique identifier or a fallback instruction from the non-terrestrial network, where the non-terrestrial network sends the unique identifier to the user equipment with the most access failure times, and sends the fallback instruction to other user equipment, and the other user equipment is the user equipment that is not the one with the most access failure times; accessing the non-terrestrial network through the two-step random access mode using the unique identifier; or accessing the non-terrestrial network through the four-step random access mode according to the indication of the fallback instruction; if the access fails through the four-step random access mode, receiving information about other satellites from the non-terrestrial network; accessing the non-terrestrial network according to the four-step random access mode and the information about other satellites.

[0012] In an embodiment of the present disclosure, after accessing a non-terrestrial network through a target satellite according to an access mode and configured resources, the method further includes: if the access fails through a four-step random access mode, receiving a unique identifier or other satellite information from the non-terrestrial network, where the non-terrestrial network sends the unique identifier to the user equipment with the most access failure times, and sends other satellite information to other user equipment, and the other user equipment is the user equipment that is not the one with the most access failure times; using the unique identifier to access the non-terrestrial network through the four-step random access mode; or accessing the non-terrestrial network according to the four-step random access mode and other satellite information.

[0013] According to another aspect of the present disclosure, there is provided a network access method applied to a non-terrestrial network, including: receiving joint preambles and data of multiple user equipments, where the joint preambles and data of each user equipment include the configured resources used by the user equipment and the number of access failures, and the configured resources include: random access opportunities and preambles, and the multiple user equipments all access the non-terrestrial network through a target satellite; when it is detected that the multiple user equipments use the same configured resources, determining that there is a contention conflict among the multiple user equipments, and determining the user equipment with the most access failure times; adding a unique identifier to the joint response message sent to the user equipment with the most access failure times.

[0014] In an embodiment of the present disclosure, after determining the user equipment with the most access failure times, the method further includes: if the multiple user equipments access through a two-step random access mode, sending a fallback instruction to other user equipments, where the other user equipments are the user equipments other than the user equipment with the most failure times among the multiple user equipments, and the fallback instruction is used to instruct the other user equipments to access the non-terrestrial network through a four-step random access mode; if the other user equipments fail to access the non-terrestrial network through the four-step random access mode, sending other satellite information to the other user equipments.

[0015] In an embodiment of the present disclosure, after determining the user equipment with the most access failure times, the method further includes: if the multiple user equipments access through a four-step random access mode, sending other satellite information to other user equipments, where the other user equipments are the user equipments other than the user equipment with the most access failure times among the multiple user equipments.

[0016] According to another aspect of the present disclosure, there is provided a network access device applied to a user equipment, including: a first determination module configured to determine a target satellite from a plurality of satellites according to the service time of each satellite and the transmission time corresponding to each satellite; a second determination module configured to determine an access mode according to the service time of the target satellite, its corresponding transmission time, and the reference signal reception power of the radio link between the target satellite and the user equipment, where the access mode includes a two-step random access mode and a four-step random access mode; an acquisition module configured to acquire the configuration resources of the target satellite from the broadcast message of the target satellite, where the configuration resources include: random access opportunity and preamble; an access module configured to access the non-terrestrial network through the target satellite according to the access mode and the configuration resources; a first reception module configured to, if the access fails and a unique identifier from the non-terrestrial network is received, access the non-terrestrial network using the unique identifier, where the non-terrestrial network sends the unique identifier to the user equipment with the most access failure times.

[0017] According to another aspect of the present disclosure, there is provided another network access device applied to a non-terrestrial network, including: a second reception module configured to receive the combined preamble and data of a plurality of user equipments, where the combined preamble and data transmission requests of each user equipment include the configuration resources used by the user equipment and the number of access failures, the configuration resources include: random access opportunity and preamble, and the plurality of user equipments all access the non-terrestrial network through the target satellite; a detection module configured to determine that there is a contention conflict among the plurality of user equipments when it is detected that the plurality of user equipments use the same configuration resources, and determine the user equipment with the most access failure times; a sending module configured to add a unique identifier to the combined response message sent to the user equipment with the most access failure times.

[0018] According to another aspect of the present disclosure, there is provided an electronic device, including: a processor; and a memory for storing executable instructions of the processor; where the processor is configured to execute the method of any one of the above via executing the executable instructions.

[0019] According to another aspect of the present disclosure, there is provided a computer-readable storage medium, on which a computer program is stored, and when the computer program is executed by a processor, the method of any one of the above is implemented.

[0020] According to another aspect of the present disclosure, there is provided a computer program product, including computer instructions stored in a computer-readable storage medium, and when the computer instructions are executed by a processor, the operation instructions of the method of any one of the above are implemented.

[0021] In the embodiments of the present disclosure, by determining an access mode according to the reference signal received power, the service time of the target satellite, and its corresponding transmission time, and accessing the non-terrestrial network through the target satellite according to the access mode. If the access fails and a unique identifier from the non-terrestrial network is received, the unique identifier is used to access the non-terrestrial network, thereby solving problems such as a single access mode, large time delay, and poor access efficiency caused by competition conflicts in the related art, and improving the flexibility of accessing the network, reducing the time delay, and improving the access efficiency.

[0022] It should be understood that the above general description and the following detailed description are only exemplary and explanatory, and cannot limit the present disclosure. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0023] The accompanying drawings herein are incorporated into the specification and constitute a part of this specification, showing embodiments consistent with the present disclosure, and are used together with the specification to explain the principles of the present disclosure. Obviously, the accompanying drawings in the following description are only some embodiments of the present disclosure, and those of ordinary skill in the art can obtain other drawings based on these drawings without creative efforts.

[0024] Figure 1 The schematic diagram of a network access system in the embodiments of the present disclosure is shown.

[0025] Figure 2 The flowchart of a network access method in the embodiments of the present disclosure is shown.

[0026] Figure 3 The flowchart of a method for determining an access mode in the embodiments of the present disclosure is shown.

[0027] Figure 4 The flowchart of another method for determining an access mode in the embodiments of the present disclosure is shown.

[0028] Figure 5 The flowchart of a method for calculating the satellite service time in the embodiments of the present disclosure is shown.

[0029] Figure 6 The flowchart of another network access method in the embodiments of the present disclosure is shown.

[0030] Figure 7 The flowchart of a resource allocation method in the embodiments of the present disclosure is shown.

[0031] Figure 8 The flowchart of yet another method for determining an access mode in the embodiments of the present disclosure is shown.

[0032] Figure 9 The flowchart of a four-step random access mode in the embodiments of the present disclosure is shown.

[0033] Figure 10 Flowchart showing an improved two-step random access method in an embodiment of the present disclosure.

[0034] Figure 11 Schematic diagram showing a network access device in an embodiment of the present disclosure.

[0035] Figure 12 Schematic diagram showing another network access device in an embodiment of the present disclosure.

[0036] Figure 13 Schematic diagram showing an electronic device provided in an embodiment of the present disclosure. Detailed implementation manners

[0037] Example embodiments will now be described more fully with reference to the accompanying drawings. However, the example embodiments can be implemented in various forms and should not be construed as limited to the examples set forth herein; rather, these embodiments are provided so that this disclosure will be more complete and comprehensive, and will fully convey the concept of the example embodiments to those skilled in the art. The features, structures, or characteristics described can be combined in any suitable manner in one or more embodiments.

[0038] In addition, the drawings are only schematic illustrations of the present disclosure and are not necessarily drawn to scale. The same reference numerals in the drawings denote the same or similar parts, and thus their repeated description will be omitted. Some of the block diagrams shown in the drawings are functional entities and do not necessarily correspond to physically or logically independent entities. These functional entities can be implemented in software, or in one or more hardware modules or integrated circuits, or in different networks and / or processor devices and / or microcontroller devices.

[0039] It should be understood that the various steps recited in the method embodiments of the present disclosure can be executed in a different order and / or in parallel. In addition, the method embodiments can include additional steps and / or omit the steps shown. The scope of the present disclosure is not limited in this regard.

[0040] It should be noted that the concepts such as "first" and "second" mentioned in the present disclosure are only used to distinguish different devices, modules, or units, and are not used to limit the order or interdependence of the functions performed by these devices, modules, or units.

[0041] It should be noted that the modifications of "one" and "multiple" mentioned in the present disclosure are illustrative rather than restrictive. Those skilled in the art should understand that unless otherwise clearly specified in the context, it should be construed as "one or more".

[0042] It should be noted that, without conflict, the embodiments of the present disclosure and the technical features in the embodiments may be combined with each other.

[0043] For ease of understanding, several terms related to the present disclosure are first explained as follows: NTN (Non-Terrestrial Networks): A network that provides services by introducing satellites as network nodes.

[0044] 2-step RA (2-step Random Access): Accessing the network through two-step signaling interaction.

[0045] 4-step RA (4-step Random Access): Accessing the network through four-step signaling interaction.

[0046] RO (RACH Occasion): The time-frequency resource corresponding to random access.

[0047] Preamble: A sequence used for uplink synchronization and channel estimation in random access.

[0048] RSRP, full name Reference Signal Received Power, is a key metric for evaluating the quality of a wireless link. It represents the average power level of the reference signal of a specific cell received by a user equipment (UE) within a specific bandwidth.

[0049] Timing Advance (TA) is a parameter that the base station requires the UE to adjust its transmission time to compensate for the transmission delay caused by the distance between the UE and the base station. In the NTN scenario, considering that the distance between the satellite and the UE is much greater than that in terrestrial communication, this time synchronization is particularly important. By sending the timing advance, the network can ensure that data from different UEs can reach the receiving end within a predetermined time window, thus avoiding signal overlap or interference.

[0050] Satellites with fixed ground beams refer to those satellites that transmit radio signals with fixed directions and coverage areas to specific ground regions. The service time of these satellites can be directly obtained from their broadcast messages without additional calculation.

[0051] A satellite with a ground - moving beam is a satellite that can adjust its beam direction and coverage area to meet the needs of different geographical regions. The service time of such a satellite needs to be calculated based on the satellite's cell radius, ephemeris information, and the location of the user equipment (UE).

[0052] The ephemeris information of a satellite refers to a set of data that describes the precise position of the satellite in space and its orbital parameters. It is the basis for satellite tracking, positioning, and navigation services.

[0053] The following will describe in detail the specific implementation manners of the embodiments of the present disclosure in conjunction with the accompanying drawings.

[0054] Figure 1 The schematic diagram of a network access system in the embodiments of the present disclosure is shown. The network access system includes a non - terrestrial network, user equipment (UE), and satellites. Among them, the user equipment (UE) includes UE1, UE2, UE3, and UE4, and the satellites include satellite 1 and satellite 2. The first coverage area is the area where satellite 1 can provide services, and the second coverage area is the area where satellite 2 can provide services.

[0055] In a non - terrestrial network (NTN) environment, the user equipment (UE) selects an appropriate random access method according to the reference signal received power (RSRP) value of the wireless link. The specific rules are as follows: When the RSRP of the wireless link is greater than the preset power, the UE can choose 2 - step RA (two - step random access). This access method is suitable for situations where quick access is required or latency is reduced under good wireless link conditions. When the RSRP of the wireless link is less than or equal to the preset power, the UE can only choose 4 - step RA (four - step random access). Although this method has a longer access process, it provides higher reliability in poor signal conditions.

[0056] Suppose multiple UEs attempt to access the non - terrestrial network through satellite 1 and satellite 2: The RSRP of the wireless link of UE3 is less than the preset power, so it uses 4 - step RA to access satellite 1. The RSRP of the wireless links of UE1, UE2, and UE4 is greater than the preset power, and they can choose 2 - step RA or 4 - step RA for access.

[0057] UE1, UE2, and UE4 obtain the service time of the satellite and the transmission time of the wireless link based on auxiliary information such as the satellite beam type (fixed beam and steerable beam), UE location information, and ephemeris information. Based on this auxiliary information, UE2 and UE4 choose 2 - step RA access due to the need for quick access to the non - terrestrial network or their short service time. While UE1 has no special requirements and thus adopts 4 - step RA access.

[0058] For different types of random access requests, the non-terrestrial network adopts different contention conflict resolution mechanisms: UE1 and UE3 that initiate 4-step RA: If contention conflict occurs, the non-terrestrial network adds the unique identifier of the UE with the most satellite access attempts to Msg4 and recommends information about other satellites (such as ephemeris, preamble, RO) to the UE that fails to access. This method ensures that even if the initial access fails, the UE can obtain a new access opportunity, improving the access success rate.

[0059] UE2 and UE4 that initiate 2-step RA: If contention conflict occurs, the non-terrestrial network adds the unique identifier of the UE with the most satellite access attempts to MsgB and instructs other UEs to back off to send Msg3. If these UEs still cannot successfully access, the non-terrestrial network recommends information about other satellites (such as ephemeris information, preamble, RO) to the UE that fails to access. This strategy not only solves the current contention problem but also provides guidance for subsequent access attempts, optimizing the overall access process.

[0060] The non-terrestrial network is installed with an application program to perform: receiving the joint preambles and data of multiple user devices, where the joint preambles and data of each user device include the configured resources used by the user device and the number of access failures, the configured resources include: random access opportunity and preamble, and multiple user devices all access the non-terrestrial network through the target satellite; when it is detected that multiple user devices use the same configured resources for two-step random access, determining that there is a contention conflict among multiple user devices and determining the user device with the most access failures; adding a unique identifier to the joint response message sent to the user device with the most access failures; sending a back-off instruction to other user devices, where the other user devices are the user devices among multiple user devices except the user device with the most failure times, and the back-off instruction is used to instruct other user devices to access the non-terrestrial network through four-step random access; if other user devices fail to access the non-terrestrial network through four-step random access, recommending other satellites except the target satellite to other user devices.

[0061] Each user equipment (UE) is installed with an application program to perform: determining the service time of each satellite and the transmission time of the wireless link between each satellite and the user equipment; determining a target satellite from multiple satellites according to the service time of each satellite and the corresponding transmission time of each satellite; obtaining the reference signal reception power of the wireless link between the target satellite and the user equipment; determining an access mode according to the service time of the target satellite, its corresponding transmission time, and the reference signal reception power of the wireless link between the target satellite and the user equipment, where the access mode includes a two-step random access mode and a four-step random access mode; obtaining the configured resources of the target satellite from the broadcast message of the target satellite, where the configured resources include: random access opportunity and preamble; accessing the non-terrestrial network through the target satellite according to the access mode and the configured resources.

[0062] Figure 2 The flowchart showing a network access method in an embodiment of the present disclosure, which is applied to a user equipment, as Figure 2 shown, includes the following steps: S201, determining a target satellite from multiple satellites according to the service time of each satellite and the corresponding transmission time of each satellite; S202, determining an access mode according to the service time of the target satellite, its corresponding transmission time, and the reference signal reception power of the wireless link between the target satellite and the user equipment, where the access mode includes a two-step random access mode and a four-step random access mode; S203, obtaining the configured resources of the target satellite from the broadcast message of the target satellite, where the configured resources include: random access opportunity and preamble; S204, accessing the non-terrestrial network through the target satellite according to the access mode and the configured resources; S205, if the access fails and a unique identifier from the non-terrestrial network is received, using the unique identifier to access the non-terrestrial network, where the non-terrestrial network sends the unique identifier to the user equipment with the most access failure times.

[0063] Determine the service time of each satellite and the transmission time of the wireless link between each satellite and the user equipment. The service time is the length of time that the satellite can provide service to the user equipment (UE). The transmission time refers to the time required to transmit data on the wireless link. According to the service time of each satellite and the corresponding transmission time of each satellite, determine the target satellite from multiple satellites. Select the target satellite according to the service time and transmission time of each satellite, enhance the UE's ability to select the best satellite, and improve the access efficiency. Obtain the RSRP between the target satellite and the UE, determine the access mode according to RSRP, service time and transmission time, improve the accuracy of the access decision, and select the access mode according to different situations to ensure low latency performance during the access process. Obtain the configuration resources from the broadcast message of the target satellite, ensure that the UE can accurately use the resources required by the selected access mode, and reduce the risk of access failure. According to the selected access mode and configuration resources, access the non-terrestrial network through the target satellite, reduce the delay during the access process, and improve the user experience. If the access fails, if the user equipment has the most access failures, use the unique identifier to access the non-terrestrial network through this technical means to resolve contention conflicts.

[0064] The embodiments of the present disclosure use the above-mentioned technical means to solve the problems of the single access method and large latency of non-terrestrial networks in related technologies, as well as poor access efficiency caused by contention conflicts, thereby improving the flexibility of access networks, reducing latency and access efficiency.

[0065] For example: In an actual application scenario, assume that there are multiple satellites covering a certain area. When a user equipment (UE) tries to connect to the network, it first evaluates the service time of each satellite and the transmission time in the service area. If it is found that the service time of a ground mobile beam satellite is short but can meet the current needs, and its RSRP value indicates that the wireless link conditions are good, the UE will select the satellite and use the 2-step RA method to access. At the same time, the UE initiates an access request based on the RO and preamble code configuration resources provided by the satellite.

[0066] Figure 3 A flow chart of a method for determining an access mode in an embodiment of the present disclosure is shown, and the method is applied to a user equipment, such as Figure 3 As shown, the following steps are included: S301, when the reference signal received power is less than or equal to the preset power, determining that the access mode is a four-step random access mode; S302, when the reference signal receiving power is greater than the preset power, obtaining the access duration requirement of the user equipment, and determining the access mode according to the access duration requirement and the service time of the target satellite and its corresponding transmission time.

[0067] The preset power is a set reference signal received power (RSRP) threshold used to determine which random access method to adopt. When the actually measured RSRP is lower than or equal to this preset power, the system will select the four-step random access method; otherwise, it will be further evaluated to determine the optimal access strategy.

[0068] The access duration requirement refers to the length of time that a user equipment (UE) expects to connect to the network. Considering factors such as data transmission requirements and service time, this parameter helps to determine the most suitable access method.

[0069] In this embodiment, when the reference signal received power is less than or equal to the preset power, the access method is determined to be the four-step random access method, enhancing the guarantee of access stability in a weak signal environment and improving the access success rate. When the reference signal received power is greater than the preset power, the access method is determined according to the access duration requirement, the service time of the target satellite, and its corresponding transmission time, improving the flexibility and accuracy of the access decision-making and ensuring an efficient and low-latency access experience. Specifically, if the UE expects to require a long time for data transmission and the current wireless link condition is good, it may preferentially select the two-step random access method to reduce latency; if the service time is short, it also considers fast access to maximize the use of the limited service window.

[0070] In one embodiment, when the reference signal received power is less than or equal to the preset power, in addition to determining the access method as the four-step random access method, the access strategy can also be dynamically adjusted in combination with the specific service requirements of the UE and the current network load. For example, in some emergency situations, even if the RSRP is low, it can try to use 2-step RA and supplement it with a more complex error retransmission mechanism to improve the access efficiency.

[0071] Figure 4 The flowchart showing another method for determining the access method in the embodiments of the present disclosure, this method is applied to a user equipment, such as Figure 4 shown, includes the following steps: S401, if the transmission time corresponding to the target satellite is greater than the first duration and / or the access duration requirement of the user equipment is less than the second duration, determine the access method as the two-step random access method; S402, if the remaining service time of the target satellite is less than the third duration, determine the access method as the two-step random access method, where the remaining service time of the target satellite is related to the service time of the target satellite and its corresponding transmission time; S403, otherwise, determine the access method as the four-step random access method.

[0072] The preset multiple (such as 2 or 4 times) of the transmission time corresponding to the target satellite is the time delay corresponding to the target satellite, and the difference between the service time of the target satellite and the transmission time corresponding to the target satellite is used as the remaining service time of the target satellite.

[0073] The first duration is a set time threshold used to evaluate whether the transmission time corresponding to the target satellite is too long. If the transmission time exceeds this threshold, a two-step random access method (2-step RA) is preferably used to reduce access delay. The second duration is another time threshold used to determine whether the access duration requirement of the user equipment (UE) is short. If the expected access duration requirement of the UE is shorter than this threshold, 2-step RA is preferentially selected to quickly complete the access process. The third duration is a threshold related to the remaining service time of the target satellite. If the calculated remaining service time of the target satellite is less than this threshold, 2-step RA is selected to ensure access is completed within the limited service time. Except for the above situations, the access method is determined to be a four-step random access method.

[0074] Through the above technical means, the quick response ability in high transmission delay scenarios is enhanced, the access success rate in case of urgent service time is improved, and relatively high access stability can still be maintained under poor radio link conditions.

[0075] For example: In a practical application scenario, assume that a certain area is covered by multiple satellites, including satellites with fixed beams and steerable beams. When a user equipment (UE) attempts to connect to the network, it first evaluates the service time, transmission time of each satellite and its own access requirements. If it is found that the transmission time of a satellite is long (exceeding the first duration), and at the same time the UE only needs short data exchange (the access duration requirement is less than the second duration), the UE will select 2-step RA for quick access. In addition, if it is calculated that the remaining service time of this satellite is approaching the end (less than the third duration), in order to ensure that necessary data exchange is completed within the service time, 2-step RA will also be preferentially selected.

[0076] In an embodiment of the present disclosure, determining the service time of each satellite includes: for a satellite with a ground fixed beam, obtaining the service time of the satellite from the broadcast message of the satellite; for a satellite with a ground mobile beam, calculating the service time of the satellite based on the cell radius and ephemeris information of the satellite and the location of the user equipment.

[0077] Through the above technical means, the simplicity and accuracy of evaluating the service time of fixed beam satellites are enhanced, the precision of service time prediction in a dynamically changing environment is improved, and efficient access can be achieved at different geographical locations.

[0078] Figure 5The flowchart shows a method for calculating satellite service time in an embodiment of the present disclosure. This method is applied to a user equipment, such as Figure 5 shown, and includes the following steps: S501, calculate the cell boundary of the satellite based on the cell radius and ephemeris information of the satellite; S502, calculate the distance between the location of the user equipment and the cell boundary of the satellite; S503, calculate the cell moving speed of the satellite based on the ephemeris information of the satellite; S504, calculate the service time of the satellite based on the cell moving speed of the satellite and the corresponding distance.

[0079] The cell radius is the radius of the area that the satellite can serve. The cell boundary is the edge of a geographical area determined based on the cell radius and ephemeris information of the satellite, representing the maximum range within which the satellite can provide services. The distance refers to the shortest distance between the location of the user equipment (UE) and the cell boundary of the satellite, which is used to evaluate the relative position of the UE within the cell and its possible service time. The cell moving speed refers to the moving speed of the satellite with a ground moving beam relative to the Earth's surface, calculated based on the ephemeris information of the satellite. It reflects the speed at which the satellite coverage area changes over time. The service time of the satellite can be obtained by dividing the corresponding distance of the satellite by the cell moving speed of the satellite.

[0080] Calculating the cell boundary of the satellite based on the cell radius and ephemeris information of the satellite enhances the understanding of the satellite coverage range and improves the accuracy of access decisions. Subsequently, calculating the distance between the location of the user equipment and the cell boundary of the satellite improves the accuracy of the position of the UE within the satellite coverage range and ensures the reliability of the service time estimation. Then, calculating the cell moving speed of the satellite based on the ephemeris information of the satellite takes into account the dynamic characteristics of the satellite, making the service time prediction more in line with the actual situation. Finally, calculating the service time of the satellite based on the cell moving speed of the satellite and the corresponding distance. The above technical means not only optimize the estimation process of the service time, but also improve the access efficiency and service quality.

[0081] Example: In a practical application scenario, assume that a certain area is covered by a satellite with a ground - moving beam. When a user equipment (UE) attempts to connect to the network, it first calculates the cell boundary of the satellite based on the cell radius of the satellite and the ephemeris information. For example, if the satellite is currently at a specific orbital position and its beam covers a circular area with a diameter of 200 kilometers, the boundary of this area can be determined. Next, calculate the closest distance between the position of the UE and the cell boundary. If the UE is located 50 kilometers away from the cell boundary, then it is necessary to further calculate the moving speed of the satellite relative to the ground. Assume that the ephemeris information of the satellite shows that it is moving north at a speed of 100 kilometers per hour. Then, based on these data, the estimated time for the UE to reach the cell boundary from its current position can be calculated as 30 minutes (i.e., 50 kilometers divided by 100 kilometers per hour). Therefore, the effective service time of the satellite for the UE can be determined to be 30 minutes. Based on this, the UE can select an appropriate access method and initiate an access request.

[0082] In an embodiment of the present disclosure, determining the transmission time of the wireless link between each satellite and the user equipment includes: calculating the transmission time of the wireless link between each satellite and the user equipment based on the position of the user equipment and the ephemeris information of each satellite.

[0083] First, use the ephemeris information to determine the specific position of the satellite relative to the Earth's surface, and then combine the geographical location of the UE to calculate the distance between the two. Based on this distance and the propagation speed of electromagnetic waves in free space (about the speed of light), the transmission time of the wireless link can be accurately estimated. Through the above - mentioned technical means, the accurate evaluation of signal propagation delay is enhanced, and the accuracy of access decision - making is improved.

[0084] In an embodiment of the present disclosure, after accessing the non - terrestrial network through the target satellite according to the access method and configured resources, the method further includes: if the access fails through the two - step random access method, receiving a unique identifier or a fallback instruction from the non - terrestrial network, where the non - terrestrial network sends the unique identifier to the user equipment with the most access failure times and sends the fallback instruction to other user equipment, and other user equipment is the user equipment that is not the one with the most access failure times; using the unique identifier to access the non - terrestrial network through the two - step random access method; or accessing the non - terrestrial network through the four - step random access method according to the indication of the fallback instruction; if the access fails through the four - step random access method, receiving information about other satellites from the non - terrestrial network; accessing the non - terrestrial network according to the four - step random access method and the information about other satellites.

[0085] The information about other satellites includes the configured resources of satellites other than the target satellite. The configured resources of satellites other than the target satellite include ephemeris information, preamble, RO, etc.

[0086] The user equipment accesses through satellites other than the target satellite according to the configured resources of the satellites other than the target satellite.

[0087] Through the effective contention conflict detection and resolution mechanism, the above technical means reduce the failure of the two-step random access method caused by resource overlap. At the same time, through flexible backoff instructions and resource reallocation, more UEs have the opportunity to successfully access the network.

[0088] In an embodiment of the present disclosure, after accessing the non-terrestrial network through the target satellite according to the access method and configured resources, the method further includes: if the access fails through the four-step random access method, receiving a unique identifier or other satellite information from the non-terrestrial network, where the non-terrestrial network sends the unique identifier to the user equipment with the most access failure times, and sends other satellite information to other user equipment, and the other user equipment is the user equipment that is not the one with the most access failure times; using the unique identifier to access the non-terrestrial network through the four-step random access method; or accessing the non-terrestrial network according to the four-step random access method and other satellite information.

[0089] Through the effective contention conflict detection and resolution mechanism, the above technical means reduce the failure of the four-step random access method caused by resource overlap. At the same time, through resource reallocation, more UEs have the opportunity to successfully access the network.

[0090] Figure 6 The flowchart showing another network access method in an embodiment of the present disclosure, this method is applied to a non-terrestrial network, as Figure 6 shown, includes the following steps: S601, receiving the joint preambles and data of multiple user equipments, where the joint preambles and data of each user equipment include the configured resources used by the user equipment and the number of access failures, and the configured resources include: random access opportunity and preamble, and multiple user equipments all access the non-terrestrial network through the target satellite; S602, when it is detected that multiple user equipments use the same configured resources, determining that there is a contention conflict among the multiple user equipments, and determining the user equipment with the most access failure times; S603. Add a unique identifier to the joint response message sent to the user equipment with the most access failure times. Receive the joint preambles and data of multiple user equipments, where the joint preambles and data of each user equipment include the configured resources it uses (such as random access opportunities and preambles) and the number of access failure times. When it is detected that multiple user equipments use the same configured resources to access through the two-step random access method (2-step RA), it is determined that there is a contention conflict, and further determine the user equipment with the most access failure times. This method improves the ability to effectively resolve conflicts under high-density access requests and ensures the priority access opportunity for critical users. Then, add a unique identifier to the joint response message sent to the user equipment with the most access failure times for subsequent processing.

[0091] In an embodiment of the present disclosure, after determining the user equipment with the most access failure times, the method further includes: if multiple user equipments access through the two-step random access method, send a fallback instruction to the other user equipments, where the other user equipments are the user equipments other than the user equipment with the most failure times among the multiple user equipments, and the fallback instruction is used to instruct the other user equipments to access the non-terrestrial network through the four-step random access method; if the other user equipments fail to access the non-terrestrial network through the four-step random access method, send other satellite information to the other user equipments.

[0092] For the other user equipments, send a fallback instruction to instruct them to perform access attempts through the 4-step RA method. This method not only resolves the current contention conflict but also optimizes the stability of the overall access process. If the other user equipments fail to access through the 4-step RA, recommend other satellites other than the target satellite to them. This step enhances the flexibility of access, improves the access success rate and service quality.

[0093] Example: In a practical application scenario, assume that multiple user equipments within a non-terrestrial network coverage area attempt to access the network through the same target satellite. These equipments each send a joint preamble and data containing their own configured resources (random access occasion and preamble) and the number of access failures. Since multiple equipments select the same configured resources and attempt access through the 2-step RA method, competition conflicts occur. After the network detects this situation, it determines the user equipment with the most access failures and adds a unique identifier to its joint response message for subsequent processing. At the same time, the network sends a fallback instruction to other user equipments, requiring them to switch to the 4-step RA method for access. If some user equipments still fail when attempting 4-step RA access, the network will recommend other available satellite information to these equipments, giving them the opportunity to complete the access process through different satellites. This technical means not only solves the competition problem in the initial access stage, but also provides a flexible alternative solution, improving user experience and service reliability.

[0094] In an embodiment of the present disclosure, after determining the user equipment with the most access failures, the method further includes: if multiple user equipments access through the four-step random access method, sending other satellite information to other user equipments, where the other user equipments are the user equipments among the multiple user equipments except the user equipment with the most failures.

[0095] The above technical means, through an effective competition conflict detection and resolution mechanism, reduces the failures of the four-step random access method caused by resource overlap, and at the same time, through resource reallocation, enables more UEs to have the opportunity to successfully access the network.

[0096] Figure 7 The flowchart showing a resource configuration method in an embodiment of the present disclosure is as Figure 7 shown, including: The ROs (RACH Occasion, random access occasion) corresponding to 2-step RA include: RO1, RO2, RO3, RO4; The ROs corresponding to 4-step RA include: RO3, RO4, RO5, RO6; Among them, RO3 and RO4 are the ROs shared by 2-step RA and 4-step RA.

[0097] In a non-terrestrial network (NTN) environment, in order to support flexible access strategies and optimize the access process of user equipment (UE), the NTN cell broadcasts the resource configuration information of 2-step RA (two-step random access) and 4-step RA (four-step random access). The following are the specific configuration details: Time-frequency resource location of RO: The time-frequency resource locations of ROs corresponding to 2-step RA and 4-step RA are included in the NTN cell broadcast. These locations define which resource blocks can be used for random access attempts on a specific time-frequency grid. In this way, different types of random access requests can be made on the specified time and frequency resources, avoiding resource conflicts.

[0098] Number of preambles: Each RO corresponds to a certain number of preambles, which are used to achieve uplink synchronization and channel estimation. For 2-step RA and 4-step RA, they have different numbers of preambles respectively. This means that within the same RO, there can be multiple different preambles for access requests of different types or different users, increasing the flexibility and capacity of access.

[0099] Resource sharing and differentiation: Although the ROs of 2-step RA and 4-step RA may overlap, these two access methods are differentiated by using different preambles. For example, in the same RO, 2-step RA may use a specific set of preamble sequences, while 4-step RA uses another different set of preamble sequences. In this way, even if the RO resources overlap, access requests can be correctly identified and processed to avoid confusion.

[0100] Figure 8 The flowchart showing another method for determining the access mode in the embodiments of the present disclosure, which is applied to a user equipment, such as Figure 8 shown, includes the following steps: S801, Receive the broadcast message of the target satellite, and obtain the resource configurations of the two-step random access mode and the four-step random access mode from the broadcast message of the target satellite, where the resource configuration includes the reference signal received power; S802, Determine whether the reference signal received power is greater than the preset power; S803, When the reference signal received power is less than or equal to the preset power, determine the access mode as the four-step random access mode; S804, When the reference signal received power is greater than the preset power, if the transmission time corresponding to the target satellite is greater than the first duration and / or the access duration requirement of the user equipment is less than the second duration, determine the access mode as the two-step random access mode; S805, If the remaining service time of the target satellite is less than the third duration, determine the access mode as the two-step random access mode, where the remaining service time of the target satellite is related to the service time of the target satellite and its corresponding transmission time; S806. Otherwise, determine that the access mode is the four-step random access mode.

[0101] Through the above technical means, enhance the fast response ability in high transmission delay scenarios (the two-step random access mode is faster than the four-step random access mode), improve the access success rate in cases where the service time is urgent, and maintain a high access stability even under poor radio link conditions.

[0102] Figure 9 The flowchart showing a four-step random access mode in an embodiment of the present disclosure is as Figure 9 shown, and includes the following steps: 4-step RA (Four-step Random Access) completes the access interaction between the user equipment and the non-terrestrial network through four steps: S901, Send a preamble (this process can be denoted as Msg1): The UE sends a random access preamble to the non-terrestrial network to request access to the network. This step is usually carried out on the physical random access channel; S902, Send a random access response (this process can be denoted as Msg2): After receiving the preamble, the non-terrestrial network sends a random access response (RAR) to the UE, including timing alignment information (TA, Timing Advance), a temporary identifier (TC-RNTI), and resource allocation information; S903, Send the unique identifier of the UE and the number of satellite access attempts (this process can be denoted as Msg3): The UE uses the allocated resources to send a connection request message (such as an RRC Connection Request or a scheduling request), which includes the unique identifier of the UE and the number of satellite access attempts; S904, The UE with the most satellite access attempts successfully accesses, and recommends other satellite information to other UEs (this process can be denoted as Msg4): The non-terrestrial network sends a contention resolution message to the UE to confirm successful access and allocate a unique identifier. If multiple UEs send the same preamble simultaneously, the contention resolution mechanism will allow the UE with the most satellite access attempts to successfully access and recommend other satellite information to the UEs that failed to access.

[0103] With the above technical means, if multiple UEs send the same preamble simultaneously, resulting in a contention conflict, the non-terrestrial network will give priority to processing the UE with the most satellite access attempts. For UEs that fail to access, it will recommend information about other satellites, providing new access opportunities. This not only solves the current contention problem but also provides guidance for subsequent access attempts, optimizing the overall access process and enhancing the flexibility and reliability of the system.

[0104] Figure 10The flowchart showing an improved two-step random access method in an embodiment of the present disclosure is as follows Figure 10 and includes the following steps: S1001, the user equipment sends a preamble, a UE unique identifier, and the number of attempts to access the satellite to the non-terrestrial network; S1002, when the non-terrestrial network detects that multiple user equipments use the same configured resources through the two-step random access method, it determines that there is a contention conflict among the multiple user equipments, determines the user equipment with the most access failure times, and sends a fallback instruction to the other user equipments, where the other user equipments are the user equipments other than the user equipment with the most failure times among the multiple user equipments; S1003, the other user equipments send Msg3 messages to the non-terrestrial network; S1004, the non-terrestrial network sends Msg4 messages to the user equipments that have successfully accessed, and the non-terrestrial network recommends other satellite information to the user equipments that have failed to access.

[0105] Through the above technical means, with an effective contention conflict detection and resolution mechanism, the access failures caused by resource overlap are reduced. At the same time, through flexible fallback instructions and resource reallocation, more UEs have the opportunity to successfully access the network.

[0106] In one embodiment, 2-step RA completes the access interaction between the device and the network in two steps: MsgA (combined preamble and data transmission): The UE sends a random access preamble on the PRACH and sends a connection request message (such as the UE's identity information or other control information) on the physical uplink shared channel at the same time. This step combines Msg1 and Msg3 in the traditional 4-step RA into one step.

[0107] MsgB (combined response message): After receiving MsgA, the non-terrestrial network sends a combined response message to the UE, including a random access response (RAR) and a contention resolution message. This step combines Msg2 and Msg4 in the traditional 4-step RA into one step. In one embodiment, the other user equipments access the non-terrestrial network through the four-step random access method, including the other user equipments falling back to the Msg3 step and accessing the non-terrestrial network through the Msg3 step and Msg4 step in the four-step random access method.

[0108] Through the above technical means, with the flexible fallback of the access process, more UEs have the opportunity to successfully access the network.

[0109] Based on the same inventive concept, an embodiment of the present disclosure further provides a network access device, as described in the following embodiments. Since the principle of problem-solving in this device embodiment is similar to that of the above method embodiment, the implementation of this device embodiment can refer to the implementation of the above method embodiment, and the repeated parts will not be described again.

[0110] Figure 11 The schematic diagram shows a network access device in an embodiment of the present disclosure, which is applied to a user equipment, such as Figure 11 As shown, the network access device may include: A first determination module 1101, configured to determine a target satellite from multiple satellites according to the service time of each satellite and the transmission time corresponding to each satellite; A second determination module 1102, configured to determine an access mode according to the service time of the target satellite, its corresponding transmission time, and the reference signal received power of the radio link between the target satellite and the user equipment, where the access mode includes a two-step random access mode and a four-step random access mode; An acquisition module 1103, configured to acquire the configured resources of the target satellite from the broadcast message of the target satellite, where the configured resources include: random access opportunity and preamble; An access module 1104, configured to access the non-terrestrial network through the target satellite according to the access mode and the configured resources; A first reception module 1105, configured to, if the access fails and a unique identifier from the non-terrestrial network is received, use the unique identifier to access the non-terrestrial network, where the non-terrestrial network sends the unique identifier to the user equipment with the most access failure times.

[0111] In some embodiments, the second determination module 1102 is further configured to determine that the access mode is a four-step random access mode when the reference signal received power is less than or equal to a preset power; when the reference signal received power is greater than the preset power, obtain the access duration requirement of the user equipment, and determine the access mode according to the access duration requirement, the service time of the target satellite, and its corresponding transmission time.

[0112] In some embodiments, the second determination module 1102 is further configured to dynamically adjust the access strategy in combination with the specific service requirements of the UE and the current network load situation. For example, in some emergency situations, even if the RSRP is low, it is possible to try to use 2-step RA and supplement it with a more complex error retransmission mechanism to improve the access efficiency.

[0113] In some embodiments, the second determination module 1102 is further configured to determine that the access mode is a two-step random access mode if the transmission time corresponding to the target satellite is greater than the first duration and / or the access duration requirement of the user equipment is less than the second duration; determine that the access mode is a two-step random access mode if the remaining service time of the target satellite is less than the third duration, where the remaining service time of the target satellite is related to the service time of the target satellite and its corresponding transmission time; otherwise, determine that the access mode is a four-step random access mode.

[0114] In some embodiments, the first determination module 1101 is further configured to obtain the service time of the satellite from the broadcast message of the satellite for a satellite with a fixed ground beam; calculate the service time of the satellite based on the cell radius and ephemeris information of the satellite and the location of the user equipment for a satellite with a mobile ground beam.

[0115] In some embodiments, the first determination module 1101 is further configured to calculate the cell boundary of the satellite based on the cell radius and ephemeris information of the satellite; calculate the distance between the location of the user equipment and the cell boundary of the satellite; calculate the cell movement speed of the satellite based on the ephemeris information of the satellite; calculate the service time of the satellite based on the cell movement speed of the satellite and the corresponding distance.

[0116] In some embodiments, the first determination module 1101 is further configured to calculate the transmission time of the wireless link between each satellite and the user equipment based on the location of the user equipment and the ephemeris information of each satellite.

[0117] In some embodiments, the first receiving module 1105 is further configured to receive a unique identifier or a fallback instruction from a non-terrestrial network if the access fails through the two-step random access mode, where the non-terrestrial network sends the unique identifier to the user equipment with the most access failure times and sends the fallback instruction to other user equipment, and the other user equipment is the user equipment that is not the one with the most access failure times; use the unique identifier to access the non-terrestrial network through the two-step random access mode; or access the non-terrestrial network through the four-step random access mode according to the indication of the fallback instruction; receive other satellite information from the non-terrestrial network if the access fails through the four-step random access mode; access the non-terrestrial network according to the four-step random access mode and the other satellite information.

[0118] In some embodiments, the first receiving module 1105 is further configured to receive a unique identifier or other satellite information from a non-terrestrial network if access fails through a four-step random access method, where the non-terrestrial network sends the unique identifier to the user equipment with the most access failure times, and sends other satellite information to other user equipment, and the other user equipment is the user equipment that is not the one with the most access failure times; use the unique identifier to access the non-terrestrial network through the four-step random access method; or access the non-terrestrial network according to the four-step random access method and the other satellite information. Figure 12 The schematic diagram of a network access device in an embodiment of the present disclosure is shown, which is applied to a non-terrestrial network, such as Figure 12 shown, the network access device may include: A second receiving module 1201, configured to receive the joint preambles and data of multiple user equipments, where the joint preamble and data sending requests of each user equipment include the configured resources used by the user equipment and the number of access failures, and the configured resources include: random access opportunities and preambles, and multiple user equipments all access the non-terrestrial network through a target satellite; A detection module 1202, configured to determine that there is a contention conflict among multiple user equipments when it detects that the multiple user equipments use the same configured resources, and determine the user equipment with the most access failure times; A sending module 1203, configured to add a unique identifier to the joint response message sent to the user equipment with the most access failure times.

[0119] In some embodiments, the sending module 1203 is further configured to send a fallback instruction to other user equipments if the multiple user equipments access through a two-step random access method, where the other user equipments are the user equipments other than the user equipment with the most failure times among the multiple user equipments, and the fallback instruction is used to instruct the other user equipments to access the non-terrestrial network through a four-step random access method; if the other user equipments fail to access the non-terrestrial network through the four-step random access method, send other satellite information to the other user equipments.

[0120] In some embodiments, the sending module 1203 is further configured to send other satellite information to other user equipments if the multiple user equipments access through a four-step random access method, where the other user equipments are the user equipments other than the user equipment with the most access failure times among the multiple user equipments.

[0121] Those skilled in the art can understand that various aspects of the present disclosure can be implemented as a system, a method, or a program product. Therefore, various aspects of the present disclosure can be specifically implemented in the following forms, namely: a complete hardware implementation, a complete software implementation (including firmware, microcode, etc.), or an implementation combining hardware and software aspects, which can be collectively referred to as "circuits", "modules", or "systems" here.

[0122] Reference is now made to Figure 13 describe the electronic device 1300 according to such an embodiment of the present disclosure. Figure 13 The displayed electronic device 1300 is merely an example and should not impose any limitation on the functions and usage scope of the embodiments of the present disclosure.

[0123] As Figure 13 shown, the electronic device 1300 is presented in the form of a general-purpose computing device. The components of the electronic device 1300 may include, but are not limited to: at least one of the above-mentioned processing units 1310, at least one of the above-mentioned storage units 1320, and a bus 1330 connecting different system components (including the storage unit 1320 and the processing unit 1310).

[0124] Among them, the storage unit stores program codes, and the program codes can be executed by the processing unit 1310, so that the processing unit 1310 executes the steps according to various exemplary embodiments of the present disclosure described in the above "Exemplary Method" section of this specification. For example, the processing unit 1310 can execute the following steps of the above method embodiment: determine a target satellite from multiple satellites according to the service time of each satellite and the transmission time corresponding to each satellite; determine an access mode according to the service time of the target satellite, its corresponding transmission time, and the reference signal reception power of the radio link between the target satellite and the user equipment, where the access mode includes a two-step random access mode and a four-step random access mode; obtain the configured resources of the target satellite from the broadcast message of the target satellite, where the configured resources include: random access opportunity and preamble; access the non-terrestrial network through the target satellite according to the access mode and the configured resources; if the access fails and a unique identifier from the non-terrestrial network is received, use the unique identifier to access the non-terrestrial network, where the non-terrestrial network sends the unique identifier to the user equipment with the most access failure times.

[0125] The processing unit 1310 may also perform the following steps of the foregoing method embodiments: receiving joint preambles and data of multiple user devices, where the joint preambles and data of each user device include the configured resources used by the user device and the number of access failures, and the configured resources include: random access opportunities and preambles, and multiple user devices all access a non-terrestrial network through a target satellite; when it is detected that multiple user devices use the same configured resources, determining that there is a contention conflict among the multiple user devices, and determining the user device with the most access failures; adding a unique identifier to the joint response message sent to the user device with the most access failures.

[0126] The storage unit 1320 may include a readable medium in the form of a volatile storage unit, such as a random access storage unit (RAM) 13201 and / or a cache storage unit 13202, and may further include a read-only storage unit (ROM) 13203.

[0127] The storage unit 1320 may also include a program / utilities 13204 having a set (at least one) of program modules 13205. Such program modules 13205 include, but are not limited to: an operating system, one or more application programs, other program modules, and program data. Each or some combination of these examples may include an implementation of a network environment.

[0128] The bus 1330 may represent one or more of several types of bus structures, including a memory bus or memory controller, a peripheral bus, an accelerated graphics port, a processing unit, or a local bus using any of a variety of bus structures.

[0129] The electronic device 1300 may also communicate with one or more external devices 1340 (such as a keyboard, a pointing device, a Bluetooth device, etc.), and may also communicate with one or more network accesses that enable a user to interact with the electronic device 1300, and / or communicate with any device (such as a router, a modem, etc.) that enables the electronic device 1300 to communicate with one or more other computing devices. Such communication may be carried out through an input / output (I / O) interface 1350. Moreover, the electronic device 1300 may also communicate with one or more networks (such as a local area network (LAN), a wide area network (WAN), and / or a public network, such as the Internet) through a network adapter 1360. As shown in the figure, the network adapter 1360 communicates with other modules of the electronic device 1300 through the bus 1330. It should be understood that although not shown in the figure, other hardware and / or software modules may be used in conjunction with the electronic device 1300, including but not limited to: microcode, device drivers, redundant processing units, external disk drive arrays, RAID systems, tape drives, and data backup storage systems, etc.

[0130] Through the description of the above embodiments, those skilled in the art can easily understand that the example embodiments described herein can be implemented by software or by a combination of software and necessary hardware. Therefore, the technical solutions according to the embodiments of the present disclosure can be embodied in the form of a software product, which can be stored in a non-volatile storage medium (which can be a CD-ROM, a USB flash drive, a mobile hard disk, etc.) or on a network, including several instructions for causing a computing device (which can be a personal computer, a server, a terminal device, or a network device, etc.) to execute the method according to the embodiments of the present disclosure.

[0131] In the disclosed exemplary embodiments, there is also provided a computer-readable storage medium, which can be a readable signal medium or a readable storage medium.

[0132] In some possible embodiments, various aspects of the present disclosure can also be implemented in the form of a program product, which includes program code. When the program product runs on a terminal device, the program code is used to cause the terminal device to execute the steps according to the various exemplary embodiments described in the "Specific Embodiments" section of this specification.

[0133] More specific examples of the computer-readable storage medium in the present disclosure may include, but are not limited to: an electrical connection having one or more wires, a portable computer disk, a hard disk, a random access memory (RAM), a read-only memory (ROM), an erasable programmable read-only memory (EPROM or flash memory), an optical fiber, a portable compact disk read-only memory (CD-ROM), an optical storage device, a magnetic storage device, or any suitable combination of the above.

[0134] In the present disclosure, the computer-readable storage medium may include a data signal propagated in a baseband or as part of a carrier wave, which carries the readable program code. Such a propagated data signal can take various forms, including but not limited to electromagnetic signals, optical signals, or any suitable combination of the above. The readable signal medium can also be any readable medium other than the readable storage medium, which can send, propagate, or transmit a program for use by or in combination with an instruction execution system, apparatus, or device.

[0135] Optionally, the program code contained on the computer-readable storage medium can be transmitted by any suitable medium, including but not limited to wireless, wired, optical fiber, RF, etc., or any suitable combination of the above.

[0136] In specific implementation, program code for performing the operations of the present disclosure can be written in any combination of one or more programming languages. The programming languages include object-oriented programming languages such as Java, C++, etc., and also include conventional procedural programming languages such as the "C" language or similar programming languages. The program code can be executed entirely on the user's computing device, partially on the user's device, executed as a stand-alone software package, partially on the user's computing device and partially on a remote computing device, or entirely on a remote computing device or server. In the case of a remote computing device, the remote computing device can be connected to the user's computing device through any type of network, including a local area network (LAN) or a wide area network (WAN), or can be connected to an external computing device (e.g., by using an Internet service provider to connect through the Internet).

[0137] Embodiments of the present disclosure provide a computer program product or a computer program. The computer program product or the computer program includes computer instructions, and the computer instructions are stored in a computer-readable storage medium. The processor of the computer device reads the computer instructions from the computer-readable storage medium, and the processor executes the computer instructions, so that the computer device executes the network access method provided in any of the various alternative ways in the embodiments of the present disclosure.

[0138] It should be noted that although several modules or units of a device for action execution are mentioned in the above detailed description, this division is not mandatory. In fact, according to the embodiments of the present disclosure, the features and functions of the two or more modules or units described above can be embodied in one module or unit. Conversely, the features and functions of one module or unit described above can be further divided and embodied by multiple modules or units.

[0139] In addition, although the steps of the methods in the present disclosure are described in a specific order in the drawings, this does not require or imply that the steps must be executed in that specific order, or that all the steps shown must be executed to achieve the desired result. Additionally or alternatively, some steps can be omitted, multiple steps can be combined into one step for execution, and / or one step can be decomposed into multiple steps for execution, etc.

[0140] Those skilled in the art can easily understand from the description of the above embodiments that the example embodiments described herein can be implemented by software or by a combination of software and necessary hardware. Therefore, the technical solutions according to the embodiments of the present disclosure can be embodied in the form of a software product, which can be stored in a non-volatile storage medium (such as a CD-ROM, a USB flash drive, a mobile hard disk, etc.) or on a network, including several instructions to enable a computing device (such as a personal computer, a server, a mobile terminal, or a network device, etc.) to execute the method according to the embodiments of the present disclosure.

[0141] After considering the specification and practicing the invention disclosed herein, those skilled in the art will readily conceive of other embodiments of the present disclosure. The present disclosure is intended to cover any variations, uses, or adaptations of the present disclosure, which follow the general principles of the present disclosure and include known common knowledge or conventional technical means in the technical field not disclosed in the present disclosure. The specification and the embodiments are only to be regarded as exemplary, and the true scope of the present disclosure is pointed out by the appended claims.

Claims

1. A network access method, applied to a user equipment, characterized in that Including: Determine a target satellite from multiple satellites according to the service time of each satellite and the transmission time corresponding to each satellite; Determine an access mode according to the service time of the target satellite, its corresponding transmission time, and the reference signal reception power of the radio link between the target satellite and the user equipment, where the access mode includes a two-step random access mode and a four-step random access mode; Obtain the configured resources of the target satellite from the broadcast message of the target satellite, where the configured resources include: random access opportunity and preamble; Access the non-terrestrial network through the target satellite according to the access mode and the configured resources; If the access fails and a unique identifier from the non-terrestrial network is received, use the unique identifier to access the non-terrestrial network, where the non-terrestrial network sends the unique identifier to the user equipment with the most access failure times.

2. The method according to claim 1, wherein The determining the access mode according to the service time of the target satellite, its corresponding transmission time, and the reference signal reception power of the radio link between the target satellite and the user equipment includes: When the reference signal reception power is less than or equal to a preset power, determine that the access mode is the four-step random access mode; When the reference signal reception power is greater than the preset power, obtain the access duration requirement of the user equipment, and determine the access mode according to the access duration requirement, the service time of the target satellite, and its corresponding transmission time.

3. The method according to claim 2, characterized in that, The determining the access mode according to the access duration requirement, the service time of the target satellite, and its corresponding transmission time includes: If the transmission time corresponding to the target satellite is greater than a first duration and / or the access duration requirement of the user equipment is less than a second duration, determine that the access mode is the two-step random access mode; if the remaining service time of the target satellite is less than a third duration, determine that the access mode is the two-step random access mode, where the remaining service time of the target satellite is related to the service time of the target satellite and its corresponding transmission time; Otherwise, determine that the access mode is the four-step random access mode.

4. The method according to claim 1, wherein Before determining the target satellite from multiple satellites according to the service time of each satellite and the transmission time corresponding to each satellite, the method further includes: For a satellite with a fixed ground beam, obtain the service time of the satellite from the broadcast message of the satellite; For a satellite with a mobile ground beam, calculate the service time of the satellite based on the cell radius and ephemeris information of the satellite and the location of the user equipment.

5. The method according to claim 4, characterized in that, The calculating the service time of the satellite based on the cell radius and ephemeris information of the satellite and the location of the user equipment includes: Calculate the cell boundary of the satellite based on the cell radius and ephemeris information of the satellite; Calculate the distance between the location of the user equipment and the cell boundary of the satellite; Calculate the cell moving speed of the satellite based on the ephemeris information of the satellite; Calculate the service time of the satellite based on the cell moving speed of the satellite and the corresponding distance.

6. The method according to claim 1, wherein Before determining a target satellite from multiple satellites according to the service time of each satellite and the transmission time corresponding to each satellite, the method further includes: Based on the location of the user equipment and the ephemeris information of each satellite, calculate the transmission time of the radio link between each satellite and the user equipment.

7. The method according to claim 1, wherein After accessing the non-terrestrial network through the target satellite according to the access mode and the configured resources, the method further includes: If the access fails through the two-step random access mode, receive a unique identifier or a fallback instruction from the non-terrestrial network, where the non-terrestrial network sends the unique identifier to the user equipment with the most access failure times, and sends the fallback instruction to other user equipment, and the other user equipment is the user equipment that is not the one with the most access failure times; Use the unique identifier to access the non-terrestrial network through the two-step random access mode; or Access the non-terrestrial network through the four-step random access mode according to the indication of the fallback instruction; If the access fails through the four-step random access mode, receive other satellite information from the non-terrestrial network; Access the non-terrestrial network according to the four-step random access mode and the other satellite information.

8. The method according to claim 1, characterized in that After accessing the non-terrestrial network through the target satellite according to the access mode and the configured resources, the method further includes: If the access fails through the four-step random access mode, receive a unique identifier or other satellite information from the non-terrestrial network, where the non-terrestrial network sends the unique identifier to the user equipment with the most access failure times, and sends the other satellite information to other user equipment, and the other user equipment is the user equipment that is not the one with the most access failure times; Use the unique identifier to access the non-terrestrial network through the four-step random access mode; or Access the non-terrestrial network according to the four-step random access mode and the other satellite information.

9. A network access method, applied to a non-terrestrial network, characterized in that, Includes: Receive the joint preambles and data of multiple user equipments, where the joint preambles and data of each user equipment include the configured resources used by the user equipment and the access failure times, and the configured resources include: random access opportunity and preamble, and multiple user equipments all access the non-terrestrial network through the target satellite; When it is detected that multiple user equipments use the same configured resources, determine that there is a contention conflict among the multiple user equipments, and determine the user equipment with the most access failure times; Add a unique identifier to the joint response message sent to the user equipment with the most access failure times.

10. The method according to claim 9, wherein After determining the user equipment with the most access failure times, the method further includes: If multiple user equipments access through the two-step random access mode, send a fallback instruction to other user equipment, where the other user equipment is the user equipment other than the user equipment with the most failure times among the multiple user equipments, and the fallback instruction is used to instruct the other user equipment to access the non-terrestrial network through the four-step random access mode; If the other user equipment fails to access the non-terrestrial network through the four-step random access mode, send other satellite information to the other user equipment.

11. The method according to claim 9, wherein After determining the user equipment with the most access failure times, the method further includes: If multiple user equipments access through the four-step random access method, other satellite information is sent to other user equipments, where the other user equipments are the user equipments among the multiple user equipments except the user equipment with the most failure times.

12. A network access device, applied to a user equipment, characterized in that Including: A first determination module, configured to determine a target satellite from multiple satellites according to the service time of each satellite and the transmission time corresponding to each satellite; A second determination module, configured to determine an access method according to the service time of the target satellite, its corresponding transmission time, and the reference signal reception power of the radio link between the target satellite and the user equipment, where the access method includes a two-step random access method and a four-step random access method; An acquisition module, configured to acquire the configured resources of the target satellite from the broadcast message of the target satellite, where the configured resources include: random access opportunity and preamble; An access module, configured to access the non-terrestrial network through the target satellite according to the access method and the configured resources; A first reception module, configured to, if the access fails and a unique identifier from the non-terrestrial network is received, use the unique identifier to access the non-terrestrial network, where the non-terrestrial network sends the unique identifier to the user equipment with the most access failure times.

13. A network access device is applied to a non-terrestrial network, characterized in that, Including: A second reception module, configured to receive the joint preambles and data of multiple user equipments, where the joint preamble and data sending requests of each user equipment include the configured resources used by the user equipment and the number of access failure times, the configured resources include: random access opportunity and preamble, and multiple user equipments all access the non-terrestrial network through the target satellite; A detection module, configured to determine that there is a contention conflict among multiple user equipments and determine the user equipment with the most access failure times when it is detected that multiple user equipments use the same configured resources; A sending module, configured to add a unique identifier to the joint response message sent to the user equipment with the most access failure times.

14. An electronic device, characterized in that, Including: A processor; And A memory, used to store the executable instructions of the processor; Wherein, the processor is configured to execute the method described in any one of claims 1-8 or 9-11 by executing the executable instructions.

15. A computer-readable storage medium having a computer program stored thereon, characterized in that, When the computer program is executed by the processor, it implements the method described in any one of claims 1-8 or 9-11.

16. A computer program product, including computer instructions, the computer instructions are stored in a computer-readable storage medium, and when the computer instructions are executed by a processor, they implement the operation instructions of the method described in any one of claims 1-8 or 9-11.

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