Mechanized cultivation and production process for agaric

Abstract

The invention discloses a mechanical cultivation production process for agaric, and relates to the technical field of agaric cultivation, which comprises the following steps: a fungus bag punching process: transferring a cultivated fungus bag to a punching station through a movable frame, and mechanically punching the fungus bag by using a punching machine, according to the agaric mechanical cultivation production technology, through the four links of punching, plate arranging, picking and waste mushroom bag recycling, mechanical cultivation of agaric is achieved, and the agaric cultivation efficiency is greatly improved from mushroom bag cultivation, punching, plate arranging to picking. The process automation degree is high, manual operation is reduced, the working efficiency is improved, picking can be circularly carried out, resources are fully utilized, after picking is finished, waste fungus bags are treated through a recycling machine and a separating machine, resource recycling and waste harmlessness are achieved, trays can be repeatedly used after being managed, fungus materials have multiple purposes, and the agaric cultivation efficiency is improved.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present invention relates to the technical field of Auricularia cultivation, and specifically to a mechanized cultivation production process for Auricularia auricula-judae. Background Art

[0002] Black Auricularia auricula-judae is a kind of edible mushroom rich in nutrients and also a traditional health food and export commodity in China; it has many aliases. Because it grows on rotten wood and its shape resembles a human ear, it is named Auricularia auricula-judae. It has high nutritional value and certain medicinal value. Black Auricularia auricula-judae contains 8 essential amino acids and vitamins for the human body, and also contains rich colloids, which have a good moistening effect on the human digestive system. It is a saprophytic fungus, without chlorophyll, and cannot make food by itself. It depends on the organic substances in other organisms as its nutrients. At the same time, it lives a saprophytic life and must grow and develop on dead organisms. Its mycelium has a strong ability to decompose cellulose and hemicellulose in organisms, and can finally crush the organisms.

[0003] At present, there are mainly two ways of Auricularia auricula-judae cultivation: ground cultivation and greenhouse hanging-bag cultivation. In the ground cultivation method, the spawn-run fungus bags are first stacked horizontally on the fungus bed (set at 1.8 m wide), stacked in 4 - 5 layers, and insulated and incubated with straw curtains or heat preservation films for 5 - 7 days. Then, a hole-opening machine is used to make holes. After the holes are made, a dense bed operation is carried out on the fungus bed, arranging 16 rows with a row spacing of 0.1 m, and keeping warm for another 5 - 7 days. Then, a bed-splitting operation is carried out. When splitting the bed, the fungus bags on the dense bed are divided into 8 rows and placed on the adjacent empty fungus beds to complete the cultivation work of the fungus bags, and then transferred to production management for regular watering operation. When mature, manual picking is carried out.

[0004] In the greenhouse hanging-bag cultivation method, the spawn-run fungus bags are stacked horizontally into the greenhouse, stacked in 4 - 5 layers, and insulated and incubated with straw curtains or heat preservation films for 5 - 7 days. Then, a hole-opening machine is used to make holes. After the holes are made, a manual hanging-bag operation is carried out. There is a special hanging-bag frame in the greenhouse, and hanging-bag ropes are tied to the frame. Neither of the two methods can achieve mechanized operation. In the present invention, the cultivated fungus bags are subjected to the operations of taking off the shelf - making holes - putting on the shelf in the spawn incubation room, and then going back to the spawn incubation room for insulation and incubation. After incubation, the operations of taking off the shelf - arranging on the tray - putting on the shelf - cultivation management and watering - taking off the shelf - picking - putting on the shelf - cultivation management and watering are carried out to complete the cultivation cycle of one batch of fungus bags. Finally, the waste Auricularia auricula-judae fungus bags are recycled by a recycling machine.

[0005] At present, there are mainly two ways of Auricularia auricula-judae cultivation: ground cultivation and greenhouse hanging-bag cultivation. Both methods require a large amount of manual labor to complete the processes of placing and hanging the Auricularia auricula-judae fungus bags, picking, and recycling the waste fungus bags, with high labor intensity and low efficiency. Therefore, we propose a mechanized cultivation production process for Auricularia auricula-judae. Summary of the Invention

[0006] The object of the present invention is to provide a mechanized cultivation production process for Auricularia auricula, so as to solve the problems raised in the above-mentioned background technology.

[0007] To achieve the above object, the present invention provides the following technical solution: A mechanized cultivation production process for Auricularia auricula, comprising the following steps:

[0008] S1: Bacterial bag punching process: Transfer the cultivated bacterial bags to the punching station through a movable rack, and use a punching machine to punch the bacterial bags mechanizedly;

[0009] S2: Bacterial bag palletizing process: Place the punched bacterial bags on the bacterial bag trays through a palletizing machine, and transfer them to the cultivation site for cultivation management;

[0010] S3: Auricularia auricula picking process: Mechanically pick the mature Auricularia auricula through a picking machine, and conduct cyclic cultivation management on the bacterial bags;

[0011] S4: Waste bacterial bag recycling process: Separate the bag materials of the waste bacterial bags through a recycling device to achieve resource reuse and harmless treatment of waste.

[0012] Preferably, the movable rack in step S1 is configured with a seven-layer structure, each layer can place eight bacterial baskets, and each bacterial basket can hold sixteen bacterial bags.

[0013] Preferably, the punching machine in step S1 completes the batch punching of a basket of bacterial bags through a single stroke, and the bacterial basket is automatically transported to the punching station through a roller conveyor line.

[0014] Preferably, there are sixteen upright columns on the bacterial bag tray in step S2 for supporting the bacterial bags to keep them upright, and each layer of each movable rack can place three trays.

[0015] Preferably, the palletizing machine in step S2 places the bacterial bags corresponding to the trays through an automated robotic arm, and uses a roller conveyor line to complete the loading and unloading operations.

[0016] Preferably, the picking machine in step S3 is configured as a cyclic operation device, and the picked bacterial bags are returned to the cultivation site through a conveyor line for re-cultivation management.

[0017] Preferably, the waste bacterial bag recycling process includes the following steps:

[0018] A1: Separate the waste bacterial bags from the trays through a bacterial bag recycling machine;

[0019] A2: Separate the bag materials of the bacterial bags through a separator, and the separated bacterial materials are reused as organic fertilizers;

[0020] A3: The empty trays are sorted through a tray sorting machine and then re-invested in the production process.

[0021] Preferably, the cultivation management includes centralized management of watering, temperature and humidity control through modular handling of the movable frame and the tray.

[0022] Preferably, all processes of punching holes in the fungus bags, arranging them on trays, picking, and recycling are realized through a roller conveyor line for full-process automatic transmission.

[0023] Preferably, in step S3, the fungus bags are subjected to cyclic cultivation management, and the number of cycles of the fungus bags is three times.

[0024] Compared with the prior art, the beneficial effects of the present invention are as follows:

[0025] Through the mechanized cultivation production process of Auricularia auricula of the present invention, through four links of punching holes, arranging on trays, picking, and recycling of waste fungus bags, the mechanized cultivation of Auricularia auricula is realized. From the cultivation, punching holes, arranging on trays to picking of the fungus bags, the degree of automation of the process is high, manual operation is reduced, the operation efficiency is improved, picking can be carried out cyclically, resources are fully utilized. After picking, the waste fungus bags are processed by a recycling machine and a separator to realize resource reuse and harmless treatment of waste. The tray can be reused after being tray-lined, and the fungus material also has various uses, improving the efficiency of Auricularia auricula cultivation. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0026] Figure 1 It is a schematic diagram of the punching production process flow of the present invention;

[0027] Figure 2 It is a schematic diagram of the tray-lining production process flow of the present invention;

[0028] Figure 3 It is a schematic diagram of the picking production process flow of the present invention;

[0029] Figure 4 It is a schematic diagram of the waste fungus bag recycling process flow of the present invention;

[0030] Figure 5 It is a schematic diagram of the movable frame with a frame for cultivation of the present invention;

[0031] Figure 6 It is a schematic diagram of the movable frame filled with fungus bag trays of the present invention;

[0032] Figure 7 It is a schematic diagram of the tray structure of the present invention.

[0033] In the figure: 1, movable frame; 2, fungus basket; 3, fungus bag; 4, tray; 5, column. DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE EMBODIMENTS

[0034] Next, the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention will be clearly and completely described in conjunction with the accompanying drawings in the embodiments of the present invention. Obviously, the described embodiments are only a part of the embodiments of the present invention, rather than all the embodiments. Based on the embodiments of the present invention, all other embodiments obtained by those of ordinary skill in the art without creative efforts shall fall within the protection scope of the present invention.

[0035] Embodiment: Please refer to Figures 1 to 7 , the present invention provides a technical solution: a mechanized cultivation production process for Auricularia auricula, including the following steps:

[0036] S1: Hole punching process for the fungus bag 3: Transfer the cultivated fungus bag 3 to the hole punching station through the movable rack 1, and use a hole punching machine to punch the fungus bag 3 mechanizedly;

[0037] S2: Plating process for the fungus bag 3: Place the punched fungus bag 3 on the tray 4 of the fungus bag 3 through a plating machine, and transfer it to the cultivation site for cultivation management;

[0038] S3: Auricularia auricula picking process: Mechanically pick the mature Auricularia auricula through a picking machine, and conduct cyclic cultivation management on the fungus bag 3;

[0039] S4: Recycling process for the waste fungus bag 3: Separate the bag materials of the waste fungus bag 3 through a recycling device to achieve resource recycling and harmless treatment of waste.

[0040] As a further limitation of the present invention, the movable rack 1 in step S1 is configured with a seven-layer structure, each layer can place eight fungus baskets 2, and each fungus basket 2 can hold sixteen fungus bags 3.

[0041] The hole punching machine in step S1 completes the batch punching of a basket of fungus bags 3 through a single stroke, and the fungus basket 2 is automatically transported to the hole punching station through a roller conveyor line.

[0042] There are sixteen columns 5 on the tray 4 of the fungus bag 3 in step S2, which are used to support the fungus bag 3 to keep it upright, and each layer of each movable rack 1 can place three trays 4.

[0043] The plating machine in step S2 places the fungus bag 3 corresponding to the tray 4 through an automated robotic arm, and uses a roller conveyor line to complete the operations of loading and unloading.

[0044] The picking machine in step S3 is configured as a recyclable operation device, and the picked fungus bag 3 returns to the cultivation site through a conveyor line for re-cultivation management.

[0045] The recycling process for the waste fungus bag 3 includes the following steps:

[0046] A1: Separate the waste fungus bag 3 from the tray 4 through a fungus bag 3 recycling machine;

[0047] A2: The mushroom bags 3 are separated from the bagged materials by a separator, and the separated mushroom materials are reused as organic fertilizers.

[0048] A3: The empty trays 4 are sorted by a tray sorting machine and then re - input into the production process.

[0049] Cultivation management includes centralized management of watering, temperature, and humidity control through modular handling of the movable rack 1 and the tray 4.

[0050] The processes of punching holes, arranging on trays, picking, and recycling of the mushroom bags 3 are all realized through a roller conveyor line for full - process automated transmission.

[0051] In step S3, cyclic cultivation management is carried out on the mushroom bags 3, and the number of cycles of the mushroom bags 3 is three times.

[0052] The specific implementation method of this embodiment is as follows: The movable rack 1 is set with seven layers in total. Each layer can place eight mushroom baskets 2, and each mushroom basket 2 can hold sixteen mushroom bags 3. This configuration greatly improves the cultivation and processing efficiency of the mushroom bags 3. First, use a forklift to transport the movable rack 1 filled with mushroom bags 3 to the off - rack machine station for off - rack operation. Subsequently, the mushroom baskets 2 enter the hole - punching machine through the roller conveyor line, and the hole - punching operation of sixteen mushroom bags 3 in one basket can be completed in a single stroke, significantly improving the hole - punching efficiency. After hole - punching, the mushroom bags 3 are collected back into the mushroom baskets 2 and transported to the on - rack machine station through the roller conveyor line for on - rack operation. Finally, the forklift transports the movable rack 1 back to the cultivation room for mushroom - entrapping and mushroom - cultivating operations, laying a solid foundation for subsequent cultivation management.

[0053] When the mushroom bags 3 complete the mushroom - entrapping process, the forklift places the movable rack 1 on the off - rack machine station again for off - rack operation. At this time, the mushroom baskets 2 are ready to enter the tray - arranging process. The mushroom baskets 2 enter the tray - arranging machine through the roller conveyor line. This tray - arranging machine is designed efficiently, and in a single operation, it can place all sixteen mushroom bags 3 in one basket on the mushroom - bag trays 4. There are sixteen columns 5 on the tray 4 to ensure that the mushroom bags 3 remain upright, facilitating subsequent cultivation management. After the tray - arranging process, the tray 4 is transported to the on - rack machine station through the roller conveyor line for on - rack operation. Each layer of the movable rack 1 can place three trays 4. When full, the forklift transports the movable rack 1 to the cultivation site for cultivation management and watering operations to ensure the normal growth of the agaric.

[0054] When the agaric reaches the picking standard, the forklift places the movable rack 1 on the off - rack machine station for off - rack operation. At this time, the tray 4 is ready to enter the picking process. The tray 4 enters the picking machine through the roller conveyor line. After picking, the tray 4 is transported back to the on - rack machine station through the roller conveyor line for on - rack operation. The forklift transports the movable rack 1 to the cultivation site for secondary cultivation management and watering operations. This process can be cycled for three pickings until the growth cycle of the agaric ends.

[0055] After the last crop of edible fungi is picked, the tray 4 directly bypasses the shelving machine and enters the fungus bag 3 recycling machine through the roller conveyor line. At this time, the waste fungus bags 3 are ready for recycling. The recycling device on the fungus bag 3 recycling machine removes the waste fungus bags 3 on the tray 4 and enters the separator through the conveyor belt for bag material separation, effectively realizing the reuse of the fungus bag 3 resources and the harmless treatment of waste. The empty tray 4 enters the tray 4 arranging machine through the roller conveyor line for tray arranging. The arranged tray 4 can be reused for the next round of cultivation production process. At the same time, the separated fungus material can be reused as organic fertilizer or for other purposes.

[0056] It should be noted that in this text, relational terms such as first and second are only used to distinguish one entity or operation from another entity or operation, and do not necessarily require or imply any actual relationship or order between these entities or operations. Moreover, the term "comprising", "including" or any other variant thereof is intended to cover non-exclusive inclusion, so that a process, method, article or device comprising a series of elements not only includes those elements, but also includes other elements not expressly listed, or also includes elements inherent to such process, method, article or device.

[0057] Although the embodiments of the present invention have been shown and described, for those of ordinary skill in the art, it can be understood that various changes, modifications, substitutions and variations can be made to these embodiments without departing from the principles and spirit of the present invention. The scope of the present invention is defined by the appended claims and their equivalents.

Claims

1. A mechanized cultivation production process for Auricularia auricula, characterized in that: It includes the following steps: S1: Mushroom bag punching process: Transfer the cultivated mushroom bags to the punching station through a movable rack, and use a punching machine to mechanically punch the mushroom bags; S2: Mushroom bag palletizing process: Place the punched mushroom bags on mushroom bag pallets through a palletizing machine, and transfer them to the cultivation site for cultivation management; S3: Edible fungus picking process: Mechanically pick the mature edible fungus through a picking machine, and conduct cyclic cultivation management on the mushroom bags; S4: Waste mushroom bag recycling process: Separate the bag materials of the waste mushroom bags through a recycling device to achieve resource reuse and harmless treatment of waste.

2. The mechanized cultivation production process of Auricularia auricula according to claim 1, characterized in that: The movable rack in step S1 is configured with a seven-layer structure, each layer can place eight mushroom baskets, and each mushroom basket can hold sixteen mushroom bags.

3. The mechanized cultivation production process of Auricularia auricula according to claim 1, characterized in that: The punching machine in step S1 completes batch punching of a basket of mushroom bags through a single stroke, and the mushroom baskets are automatically transported to the punching station through a roller conveyor line.

4. The mechanized cultivation production process of Auricularia auricula according to claim 1 is characterized in that: Sixteen upright columns are provided on the mushroom bag pallet in step S2 to support the mushroom bags to keep them upright, and each layer of each movable rack can place three pallets.

5. The mechanized cultivation production process of Auricularia auricula as claimed in claim 1, wherein: The palletizing machine in step S2 places the mushroom bags corresponding to the pallets through an automated robotic arm, and uses a roller conveyor line to complete the operations of loading and unloading.

6. The mechanized cultivation production process of Auricularia auricula according to claim 1, characterized in that: The picking machine in step S3 is configured as a cyclic operation device, and the picked mushroom bags are returned to the cultivation site through a conveyor line for re-cultivation management.

7. A mechanized cultivation production process of Auricularia auricula as claimed in claim 1, characterized in that: The waste mushroom bag recycling process includes the following steps: A1: Separate the waste mushroom bags from the pallets through a mushroom bag recycling machine; A2: Separate the bag materials of the mushroom bags through a separator, and the separated fungal materials are reused as organic fertilizers; A3: The empty pallets are sorted through a pallet sorting machine and then re-invested in the production process.

8. The mechanized cultivation production process of Auricularia auricula according to claim 1, characterized in that: The cultivation management includes centralized management of watering, temperature and humidity control through modular handling of the movable rack and pallets.

9. The mechanized cultivation production process of Auricularia auricula according to claim 1 is characterized in that: The whole process of mushroom bag punching, palletizing, picking and recycling is realized through full-process automated transmission by a roller conveyor line.

10. A mechanized cultivation production process of Auricularia auricula as claimed in claim 1, characterized in that: In step S3, cyclic cultivation management is carried out on the mushroom bags, and the number of cycles of the mushroom bags is three times.

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