Method for improving quality of Chinese mesona herb and application thereof

Abstract

The invention belongs to the technical field of Chinese mesona herb cultivation, and particularly relates to a method for improving the quality of Chinese mesona herb and application of the method. The invention discloses a method for improving the quality of mesona chinensis. The method comprises the following steps: S1, land selection and preparation; s2, furrowing and fertilizing; s3, film mulching and field planting; s4, performing water and fertilizer management: irrigating roots of the compound bacteria liquid once on the 10th day, 20th day and 40th day of field planting of the mesona chinensis, wherein 15-20mL of compound bacteria liquid is irrigated to each seedling; the compound bacterial liquid is prepared by mixing a beauveria bassiana bacterial liquid, a ceriporia lacerata GXMS1 bacterial liquid and a trichoderma harzianum bacterial liquid according to a volume ratio of (1-3): 1: (1-8); s5, disease and pest control; and S6, timely harvesting. According to the method, in the planting process of the mesona chinensis, the compound bacterium liquid formed by mixing the beauveria bassiana bacterium liquid, the ceriporia lacerata GXMS1 bacterium liquid and the trichoderma harzianum bacterium liquid according to a certain volume ratio is applied, the content of polysaccharides, total flavonoids and polyphenols in mesona chinensis plants can be remarkably increased, and the quality of the mesona chinensis can be improved; and support can be provided for environment-friendly and high-quality production of the mesona chinensis industry.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present invention belongs to the technical field of Mesona chinensis cultivation, and specifically relates to a method for improving the quality of Mesona chinensis and its application. Background Art

[0002] Mesona chinensis, also known as Mesona blumes, is an annual herbaceous plant of the genus Mesona in the family Lamiaceae, and has high nutritional value and medicinal value. Mesona chinensis is rich in active ingredients such as polysaccharides, flavonoid compounds, and phenolic acids, and is widely used in the processing of traditional foods such as herbal tea, jelly, and turtle jelly in the food industry; it has various pharmacological activities such as antioxidant, hypoglycemic, and anti-inflammatory in the medical field.

[0003] With the increasing attention of people to green and healthy foods, the market demand for high-quality Mesona chinensis raw materials is also continuously growing. However, traditional Mesona chinensis cultivation mostly relies on the application mode of nitrogen, phosphorus, and potassium compound fertilizers. Although it can temporarily increase the biomass yield, the large or excessive application of chemical fertilizers will affect the quality of Mesona chinensis, and at the same time, it will cause soil compaction, reduce soil fertility, and affect the quality of Mesona chinensis. In the prior art, by foliar spraying of amino acid chelate fertilizers or trace elements, although the content of inclusions such as polysaccharides in plants can be increased in a short time, the chemical agent residues will aggravate environmental pollution, and at the same time, it will directly affect the food safety of Mesona chinensis products.

[0004] The prior art also discloses improving the quality of Mesona chinensis through intercropping. For example, CN117859607A discloses a cultivation method of intercropping Mesona chinensis with dryland sugarcane. The contents of total flavonoids, total sugar, and polysaccharides of the intercropped Mesona chinensis are significantly higher than those of monoculture. However, this intercropping mode is complex to operate and requires controlling multiple planting operations.

[0005] In addition, research shows that microbial inoculants can improve the content of active substances in plants by regulating plant metabolic pathways, and at the same time, microbial inoculants are environmentally friendly, green, and pollution-free. However, the function of a single microbial strain is limited. Reasonable mixing of microbial strains can further increase the content of active substances in plants, but not any mixing of two or more microbial strains can achieve a synergistic effect.

[0006] At present, there is no relevant report on improving the quality of Mesona chinensis by using microbial inoculants. Summary of the Invention

[0007] The purpose of the present invention is to provide a method for improving the quality of Mesona chinensis and its application.

[0008] To achieve the above purpose, the present invention provides the following technical solutions:

[0009] A method for improving the quality of Mesona chinensis, comprising the following steps:

[0010] S1. Site selection and land preparation

[0011] Select sandy loam soil, plow deeply by 25 - 35 cm, break up the soil, and sun it for 30 - 40 days;

[0012] S2. Ridging and fertilizing

[0013] The width between ridges is 120 - 135 cm, the width of the ridge surface is 100 - 110 cm, and the height of the ridge is 30 - 35 cm; Spread the well-rotted farmyard manure on the ridge surface and mix it evenly with fine soil;

[0014] S3. Film mulching and planting

[0015] Cover the ridge surface with plastic film, punch holes in the plastic film according to the planned planting row and plant spacing; Plant the Mesona chinensis seedlings that have grown to 20 - 25 cm at the punched holes, press the soil at the roots tightly, and pour enough root-fixing water;

[0016] S4. Water and fertilizer management

[0017] Irrigate the root with a compound bacterial liquid once respectively on the 10th day, 20th day, and 40th day after the Mesona chinensis is planted, and irrigate 15 - 20 mL of the compound bacterial liquid for each seedling; The compound bacterial liquid is composed of Beauveria bassiana bacterial liquid, Ceriporiopsis subvermispora GXMS1 bacterial liquid, and Trichoderma harzianum bacterial liquid mixed according to a volume ratio of 1 - 3:1:1 - 8;

[0018] S5. Pest and disease control

[0019] Prevention first, comprehensive control;

[0020] S6. Timely harvesting

[0021] Harvest before the flower bud.

[0022] More specifically, in step S2, the amount of the well-rotted farmyard manure is 1500 - 2000 kg / mu.

[0023] More specifically, in step S3, the planting row and plant spacing is 30 cm × 40 cm; Plant 2 seedlings in each hole.

[0024] More specifically, in step S4, the bacterial content of the Beauveria bassiana bacterial liquid, Ceriporiopsis subvermispora GXMS1 bacterial liquid, and Trichoderma harzianum bacterial liquid is all 5.0×10 5 cfu / mL.

[0025] More specifically, the preparation method of the Beauveria bassiana bacterial liquid is: Inoculate Beauveria bassiana on a PDA medium plate and culture it at 25°C for 10 days; Add 10 mL of sterile water to the plate, mix the spores and sterile water evenly with a sterile glass rod, filter out the medium and mycelium with four layers of sterile gauze to obtain a fresh spore suspension; Measure the spore concentration in the spore suspension with a hemocytometer, and dilute and adjust the spore concentration to 5.0×10 5 cfu / mL.

[0026] More specifically, the preparation method of the Coriolus striatus GXMS1 bacterial liquid is as follows: inoculate Coriolus striatus GXMS1 bacteria on a PDA medium plate and culture at 28 °C for 13 days; add 10 mL of sterile water to the plate, mix the spores and sterile water evenly with a sterile glass rod, filter out the medium and hyphae with four layers of sterile gauze to obtain a fresh spore suspension; measure the spore concentration in the spore suspension with a hemocytometer and dilute and adjust the spore concentration to 5.0×10 5 cfu / mL.

[0027] More specifically, the preparation method of the Trichoderma harzianum bacterial liquid is as follows: inoculate Trichoderma harzianum on a PDA medium plate and culture at 25 °C for 7 days; add 10 mL of sterile water containing 0.05% Tween-80 to the plate, mix the spores and sterile water evenly with a sterile glass rod, filter out the medium and hyphae with four layers of sterile gauze to obtain a fresh spore suspension; measure the spore concentration in the spore suspension with a hemocytometer and dilute and adjust the spore concentration to 5.0×10 5 cfu / mL.

[0028] The present invention also provides the application of the method for improving the quality of Mesona chinensis or the compound bacterial liquid in improving the quality of Mesona chinensis.

[0029] The present invention also provides the application of the method for improving the quality of Mesona chinensis or the compound bacterial liquid in increasing the contents of polysaccharides, total phenols and total flavonoids in Mesona chinensis.

[0030] Compared with the prior art, the present invention has the following beneficial effects:

[0031] In the process of planting Mesona chinensis, the present invention applies a compound bacterial liquid mixed by Beauveria bassiana bacterial liquid, Coriolus striatus GXMS1 bacterial liquid and Trichoderma harzianum bacterial liquid according to a certain volume ratio, which can significantly increase the contents of polysaccharides, total flavonoids and total phenols in Mesona chinensis plants, which helps to improve the quality of Mesona chinensis and can provide support for the green environmental protection and high-quality production of the Mesona chinensis industry. Specific Embodiments

[0032] The technical solutions of the present invention will be described clearly and completely below. Obviously, the described embodiments are part of the embodiments of the present invention, rather than all of the embodiments.

[0033] In this application, it has been experimentally verified before the experiment that there is no antagonistic effect between any two of the three strains of Beauveria bassiana, Ceriporiopsis radiciperda GXMS1, and Trichoderma harzianum. Additionally, in this application, Beauveria bassiana is a 50-billion-spore-per-gram Beauveria bassiana technical (purchased from Hebei Zhongbao Green Agricultural Technology Co., Ltd.); Ceriporiopsis radiciperda GXMS1 is a 15-million-cfu-per-gram Ceriporiopsis radiciperda GXMS1 technical (Sichuan Jinzhu Ecological Agriculture Technology Co., Ltd.); Trichoderma harzianum is a 30-billion-cfu-per-gram Trichoderma harzianum technical (BIOACTIV USA INC.).

[0034] 1. Effects of Different Bacterial Solutions on the Quality of Mesona chinensis

[0035] 1.1 Preparation of Beauveria bassiana Bacterial Solution

[0036] Inoculate Beauveria bassiana onto a PDA medium plate and culture it at 25 °C for 10 d; add 10 mL of sterile water to the plate, mix the spores and sterile water evenly with a sterile glass rod, filter out the medium and mycelium with four layers of sterile gauze to obtain a fresh spore suspension; measure the spore concentration in the spore suspension with a hemocytometer and dilute and adjust the spore concentration to 5.0×10 5 cfu / mL.

[0037] 1.2 Preparation of Ceriporiopsis radiciperda GXMS1 Bacterial Solution

[0038] Inoculate Ceriporiopsis radiciperda GXMS1 onto a PDA medium plate and culture it at 28 °C for 13 d; add 10 mL of sterile water to the plate, mix the spores and sterile water evenly with a sterile glass rod, filter out the medium and mycelium with four layers of sterile gauze to obtain a fresh spore suspension; measure the spore concentration in the spore suspension with a hemocytometer and dilute and adjust the spore concentration to 5.0×10 5 cfu / mL.

[0039] 1.3 Preparation of Trichoderma harzianum Bacterial Solution

[0040] Inoculate Trichoderma harzianum onto a PDA medium plate and culture it at 25 °C for 7 d; add 10 mL of sterile water containing 0.05% Tween-80 to the plate, mix the spores and sterile water evenly with a sterile glass rod, filter out the medium and mycelium with four layers of sterile gauze to obtain a fresh spore suspension; measure the spore concentration in the spore suspension with a hemocytometer and dilute and adjust the spore concentration to 5.0×10 5 cfu / mL.

[0041] 1.4 Test Method

[0042] 1.4.1 Planting Method of Mesona chinensis

[0043] S1. Site Selection and Land Preparation

[0044] Select a sandy loam soil plot at the experimental base of the Guangxi South Subtropical Agricultural Science Research Institute in Longzhou County, Chongzuo City, Guangxi. Deep plow the soil to a depth of 25 cm, break up the soil, and air dry it for 35 days.

[0045] S2. Ridging and fertilizing

[0046] The width between ridges is 130 cm, the width of the ridge surface is 100 cm, and the height of the ridge is 30 cm. Spread the well-rotted farmyard manure on the ridge surface and mix it evenly with fine soil. The well-rotted farmyard manure is the chicken manure organic fertilizer purchased from Hebei Sanpin Fertilizer Industry Co., Ltd. (Execution standard: NY525 - 2012, nitrogen, phosphorus, and potassium ≥ 5%, organic matter ≥ 45%), and the application rate is 1800 kg / mu.

[0047] S3. Film mulching and planting

[0048] Cover the ridge surface with plastic film and punch holes in the plastic film according to the planned planting row and plant spacing (row and plant spacing is 30 cm × 40 cm). In mid-March, plant the Mesona chinensis Benth. seedlings of "Lingshan Big Leaf Variety" with a height of 25 cm at the punched holes, plant 2 seedlings in each hole, compact the soil at the roots, and pour sufficient root-fixing water.

[0049] S4. Water and fertilizer management

[0050] Irrigate the root with a bacterial liquid once at the 10th day, 20th day, and 40th day after the Mesona chinensis Benth. is planted, and irrigate 20 mL of the bacterial liquid for each seedling; the bacterial liquid is shown in Table 1.

[0051] Table 1 Different bacterial liquids

[0052]

[0053] S5. Pest and disease control

[0054] Prevention first, comprehensive control.

[0055] S6. Timely harvesting

[0056] Harvest before the flower buds.

[0057] 1.4.2 Specific test settings

[0058] Set up multiple plots for the test, with each plot having an area of 50 m 2 , arranged completely randomly, divided into 9 groups: Research groups 1 - 9. All plots are only different in the water and fertilizer management in step S4, and the rest of the operations are the same. Specifically: In the water and fertilizer management step, research groups 1 - 8 are respectively irrigated with bacterial liquid 1 - bacterial liquid 8 for root irrigation, and research group 9 is irrigated with an equal amount of clear water as a blank control. Each group is set with 3 plot replicates.

[0059] 1.5 Quality traits

[0060] When harvesting Mesona chinensis, 25 plants of Mesona chinensis were randomly selected from each plot, dried at 85 °C to constant weight, and pulverized through an 80-mesh sieve. The contents of polysaccharides, total flavonoids and total phenols were determined with reference to "Research on the Selection, Cultivation and Pile Fermentation of High-Gel Mesona chinensis" (Yan Yueyue et al., 2023), and the results are shown in Table 2.

[0061] Table 2 Effects of Different Bacterial Liquids on the Quality of Mesona chinensis

[0062] Number Polysaccharide content (mg / g) Total flavonoid content (mg / g) Total phenolic content (mg / g) Research group 1 70.1 52.1 22.8 Research group 2 65.6 58.3 23.6 Research group 3 76.9 61.2 24.1 Research group 4 79.4 64.8 28.1 Research group 5 83.0 66.6 30.5 Research group 6 84.5 72.3 32.4 Research group 7 98.4 75.8 36.3 Research group 8 100.6 79.4 39.5 Research group 9 62.3 46.4 19.2

[0063] Combining Table 1 and Table 2, it can be seen that compared with the blank control group 9, the application of Beauveria bassiana bacterial liquid, Ceriporiopsis tornata GXMS1 bacterial liquid and Trichoderma harzianum bacterial liquid can all improve the contents of polysaccharides, total flavonoids and total phenols in Mesona chinensis plants to a certain extent. It shows that Beauveria bassiana bacterial liquid, Ceriporiopsis tornata GXMS1 bacterial liquid and Trichoderma harzianum bacterial liquid are helpful for improving the quality of Mesona chinensis.

[0064] Compared with single bacterial liquid, when Beauveria bassiana bacterial liquid, Ceriporiopsis tornata GXMS1 bacterial liquid and Trichoderma harzianum bacterial liquid are used in combination pairwise, the contents of polysaccharides, total flavonoids and total phenols in Mesona chinensis plants can be further improved, but the improvement effect is not significant.

[0065] Compared with the two mixed bacterial liquids, after mixing Beauveria bassiana bacterial liquid, Ceriporiopsis tornata GXMS1 bacterial liquid and Trichoderma harzianum bacterial liquid, the contents of polysaccharides, total flavonoids and polyphenols in Mesona chinensis plants are significantly improved, especially when the mass ratio is 2:1:6, the improvement effect is the most significant.

[0066] In summary, in the process of planting Mesona chinensis in the present invention, applying a compound bacterial liquid composed of Beauveria bassiana bacterial liquid, Ceriporiopsis tornata GXMS1 bacterial liquid and Trichoderma harzianum bacterial liquid can significantly improve the contents of polysaccharides, total flavonoids and total phenols in Mesona chinensis plants, which is helpful for improving the quality of Mesona chinensis.

[0067] The foregoing description of specific exemplary embodiments of the present invention is for purposes of illustration and exemplification. These descriptions are not intended to limit the invention to the precise forms disclosed, and obviously, many modifications and variations are possible in light of the above teachings. The purpose of selecting and describing the exemplary embodiments is to explain the specific principles of the invention and its practical applications, so that those skilled in the art can implement and utilize various different exemplary embodiments of the present invention as well as various different selections and modifications. The scope of the present invention is intended to be defined by the claims and their equivalents.

Claims

1. A method for improving the quality of Mesona chinensis Benth., characterized in that, It includes the following steps: S1. Site selection and land preparation Select sandy loam soil, plow deeply by 25 - 35 cm, break up the soil, and sun it for 30 - 40 days; S2. Ridging and fertilizing The width between ridges is 120 - 135 cm, the width of the ridge surface is 100 - 110 cm, and the height of the ridge is 30 - 35 cm; Spread the well-rotted farmyard manure on the ridge surface and mix it evenly with fine soil; S3. Film mulching and planting Cover the ridge surface with plastic film, punch holes in the plastic film according to the planned planting row and plant spacing; Plant the Mesona chinensis Benth. seedlings that have grown to 20 - 25 cm at the punched holes, press the soil at the roots tightly, and pour enough root-fixing water; S4. Water and fertilizer management Irrigate the root with a compound bacterial liquid once respectively on the 10th day, 20th day, and 40th day after the Mesona chinensis Benth. is planted, and irrigate 15 - 20 mL of the compound bacterial liquid for each plant; The compound bacterial liquid is composed of Beauveria bassiana bacterial liquid, Ceriporiopsis subvermispora GXMS1 bacterial liquid, and Trichoderma harzianum bacterial liquid mixed in a volume ratio of 1 - 3:1:1 - 8; S5. Pest and disease control Prevention first, comprehensive control; S6. Timely harvesting Harvest before the flower buds.

2. The method for improving the quality of Mesona chinensis Benth. and its application according to claim 1, characterized in that, In step S2, the dosage of the well-rotted farmyard manure is 1500 - 2000 kg per mu.

3. The method for improving the quality of Mesona chinensis Benth. and its application according to claim 1, characterized in that, In step S3, the planting row and plant spacing is 30 cm × 40 cm; Plant 2 plants in each hole.

4. The method for improving the quality of Mesona chinensis Benth. and its application according to claim 1, characterized in that, In step S4, the bacterial content of the Beauveria bassiana bacterial solution, the Ceriporiopsis tornata GXMS1 bacterial solution, and the Trichoderma harzianum bacterial solution is all 5.0×10 5 cfu / mL.

5. The method for improving the quality of Mesona chinensis Benth. and its application according to claim 4, characterized in that, The preparation method of the Beauveria bassiana bacterial liquid is as follows: inoculate Beauveria bassiana on a PDA medium plate and culture it at 25 °C for 10 d; add 10 mL of sterile water to the plate, mix the spores and sterile water evenly with a sterile glass rod, filter out the medium and hyphae with four layers of sterile gauze to obtain a fresh spore suspension; measure the spore concentration in the spore suspension with a hemocytometer and dilute and adjust the spore concentration to 5.0×10 5 cfu / mL.

6. The method for improving the quality of Mesona chinensis Benth. and its application according to claim 4, characterized in that The preparation method of the Coriolopsis galactina GXMS1 bacterial solution is as follows: inoculate Coriolopsis galactina GXMS1 bacteria onto a PDA medium plate and culture at 28 °C for 13 days; add 10 mL of sterile water to the plate, mix the spores and sterile water evenly with a sterile glass rod, and filter out the medium and mycelium with four layers of sterile gauze to obtain a fresh spore suspension; measure the spore concentration in the spore suspension with a hemocytometer and dilute and adjust the spore concentration to 5.0×10 5 cfu / mL.

7. The method for improving the quality of Mesona chinensis Benth. and its application according to claim 4, characterized in that The preparation method of the Trichoderma harzianum bacterial liquid is as follows: inoculate Trichoderma harzianum on a PDA medium plate and culture it at 25 °C for 7 days; add 10 mL of sterile water containing 0.05% Tween-80 to the plate, and use a sterile glass rod to mix the spores and the sterile water evenly. Filter the medium and hyphae with four layers of sterile gauze to obtain a fresh spore suspension; measure the spore concentration in the spore suspension with a hemocytometer, and dilute and adjust the spore concentration to 5.0×10 5 cfu / mL.

8. The method for improving the quality of Mesona chinensis Benth. according to any one of claims 1 - 7 or the application of the compound bacterial liquid in improving the quality of Mesona chinensis Benth.

9. The method for improving the quality of Mesona chinensis Benth. according to any one of claims 1 - 7 or the application of the compound bacterial liquid in increasing the contents of polysaccharides, total phenols, and total flavonoids in Mesona chinensis Benth.

Images