Micro-nano optical fiber pulse wave patch

Abstract

The invention discloses a micro-nano optical fiber pulse wave patch which comprises a pasting body and a micro-nano optical fiber arranged in the pasting body and used for obtaining human body pulse waves, and the micro-nano optical fiber comprises a first micro optical fiber end area, a second micro optical fiber end area and a micro optical fiber sensing area. Two ends of the micro optical fiber sensing area are respectively connected with one end of the first micro optical fiber end area and one end of the second micro optical fiber end area, and the other end of the first micro optical fiber end area and the other end of the second micro optical fiber end area are both used for inputting or outputting optical signals. The device has the remarkable effects of high sensitivity, continuous real-time detection, simplicity in operation, wearable performance, high practicability, simple preparation method, low cost, simple demodulation method and easiness in industrialization.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present invention relates to the technical field of optical sensors, and particularly relates to a micro-nano optical fiber pulse wave patch. Background Art

[0002] With the development of society, people's health problems have become increasingly serious. At the same time, the problem of population aging has also become increasingly serious, and the incidence of cardiovascular diseases is getting higher and higher, which is the number one cause of death globally at present. The prevention and treatment of cardiovascular diseases have become an important public health issue. Timely detection of cardiovascular lesions can take intervention and treatment measures to reduce the occurrence and development of cardiovascular diseases. Early detection, early diagnosis, and early treatment are important prevention and treatment strategies for cardiovascular diseases. Currently, clinically, devices such as electrocardiograms, B-ultrasounds, color Doppler ultrasounds, CTs, and MRIs are mainly used to detect cardiovascular parameters. Although these devices are relatively accurate, they require regular medical examinations, and the costs are relatively high. Pulse wave, as an important means of traditional Chinese medicine pulse diagnosis, can judge the cardiovascular state. Pulse wave signals can reflect diseases such as abnormal heart rate, arteriosclerosis obliterans, myocardial infarction, and increased intracranial pressure. It is a very simple, non-invasive, and physiological signal that can be continuously detected for a long time, which is of great significance for monitoring cardiovascular health status and preventing and diagnosing cardiovascular diseases.

[0003] Photoplethysmography (PPG) is used to collect pulses at the fingertips. It is simple to operate, non-invasive and non-contact, has a fast transmission speed, and is portable. Therefore, it has been widely used clinically, and most commercially available wearable heart rate detection devices also use the PPG method. However, being insensitive to depth makes the measured PPG signal mixed with pulsating components of different blood vessel types such as capillaries, arterioles / venules, resulting in a large number of mixed components in the measured signal and a relatively low signal-to-noise ratio. Therefore, when measuring the pulse, it is greatly affected by the scattering of human tissues and the elasticity of blood vessels, with low sensitivity and signal-to-noise ratio, and is easily interfered by environmental light and other noises, causing signal distortion. In addition, piezoelectric pulse sensors and semiconductor strain-type pulse sensors are commonly used pulse wave detection methods. With the development of electronic technology, materials, mechanical design, etc., many flexible biomedical sensors, such as new sensors based on triboelectricity, magnetoelasticity, capacitance technology, ultrasonic technology, etc., have been continuously proposed for pulse wave signal detection. However, the sensitivity of electromagnetic pulse wave sensors is still not high enough, they are easily affected by electromagnetic interference, have poor biocompatibility, and the pulse wave signals are easily distorted.

[0004] Optical fiber sensors have the advantages of high sensitivity, flexibility, fast response, light weight, compactness, good biocompatibility, and anti-electromagnetic interference. In addition, they are easy to access the existing optical communication network, which is of great significance for the realization of future medical networks, telemedicine, and precision medicine, and has great development potential in the detection of human pulse waves. Summary of the Invention

[0005] The object of the present invention is to provide a micro-nano optical fiber pulse wave patch, which can continuously and real-time measure the human pulse wave signal with high precision.

[0006] In order to achieve the above object, the technical solution of the present invention is as follows: The present invention provides a micro-nano optical fiber pulse wave patch, including an adhesive body and a micro-nano optical fiber disposed in the adhesive body for acquiring the human pulse wave. The micro-nano optical fiber includes a first micro-optical fiber end region, a second micro-optical fiber end region, and a micro-optical fiber sensing region. Two ends of the micro-optical fiber sensing region are respectively connected to one ends of the first micro-optical fiber end region and the second micro-optical fiber end region. The other ends of the first micro-optical fiber end region and the second micro-optical fiber end region are both used for input or output of optical signals.

[0007] A certain sensitive area is formed by the micro-optical fiber sensing region of the micro-nano optical fiber. During use, the center of it is aligned with the pulse point. The input optical signal generates loss due to the micro-bending perturbation of the micro-nano optical fiber caused by the pulse fluctuation. Therefore, by continuously measuring the amplitude change of the transmission spectrum, the real-time measurement of the pulse wave can be realized.

[0008] Further, the micro-nano optical fiber further includes a first micro-optical fiber taper region and a second micro-optical fiber taper region. One end of the micro-optical fiber sensing region is connected to the first micro-optical fiber end region through the first micro-optical fiber taper region, and the other end of the micro-optical fiber sensing region is connected to the second micro-optical fiber end region through the second micro-optical fiber taper region.

[0009] Further, the first micro-optical fiber taper region and the second micro-optical fiber taper region are conical. The smaller ends of the first micro-optical fiber taper region and the second micro-optical fiber taper region are connected to two ends of the micro-optical fiber sensing region. The larger end of the first micro-optical fiber taper region is connected to the first micro-optical fiber end region, and the larger end of the second micro-optical fiber taper region is connected to the second micro-optical fiber end region.

[0010] Further, the micro-optical fiber sensing region, the first micro-optical fiber taper region, and the second micro-optical fiber taper region are all formed by melting and tapering a single-mode optical fiber.

[0011] Further, the micro-optical fiber sensing region is in a C shape, a U shape, or an Ω shape.

[0012] Further, both the first micro-optical fiber end region and the second micro-optical fiber end region are partially located in the adhesive body, and the portions of the first micro-optical fiber end region and the second micro-optical fiber end region outside the adhesive body are provided with the coating layer of the optical fiber.

[0013] Further, the diameter of the micro-optical fiber sensing region is 6 microns, the length of the micro-optical fiber sensing region is 2.5 cm, and the curvature of the micro-optical fiber sensing region is 250.

[0014] Further, the distance between the first micro-optical fiber end region and the second micro-optical fiber end region is 0.2 cm.

[0015] Advantages of the present invention: The micro-nano fiber pulse wave patch proposed by the present invention has high sensitivity, can continuously and real-time detect, is simple to operate, wearable, and has strong practicability. The preparation method is simple and low-cost, and the demodulation method is simple and easy to industrialize. Description of the drawings

[0016] Figure 1 is a schematic structural diagram of the present invention; Figure 2 is Figure 1 the A-A sectional view of Figure 3 is a diagram of the use state of the present invention at the radial artery of the wrist.

[0017] Reference numerals: 1, the first micro-fiber end region; 2, the second micro-fiber taper region; 3, the first micro-fiber taper region; 4, the second micro-fiber end region; 5, the adhesive body; 6, the micro-fiber sensing region. Detailed implementation manners

[0018] To make the objectives, technical solutions, and advantages of the embodiments of the present invention clearer, the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the drawings in the embodiments of the present invention. Obviously, the described embodiments are part of the embodiments of the present invention, rather than all of the embodiments. All other embodiments obtained by those of ordinary skill in the art based on the embodiments of the present invention without creative efforts shall fall within the protection scope of the present invention. Embodiment

[0019] As Figure 1 and Figure 2 shown, the embodiment of the present invention provides a novel micro-nano fiber pulse wave patch, including an adhesive body 5 and a micro-nano fiber disposed in the adhesive body 5 for obtaining the human pulse wave. The micro-nano fiber includes a first micro-fiber end region 1, a second micro-fiber end region 2, and a micro-fiber sensing region 6. The two ends of the micro-fiber sensing region 6 are respectively connected to one ends of the first micro-fiber end region 1 and the second micro-fiber end region 2, and the other ends of the first micro-fiber end region 1 and the second micro-fiber end region 2 are both used for input or output of optical signals.

[0020] The novel micro-nano fiber pulse wave patch described in this embodiment inputs or outputs optical signals through the first micro-fiber end region 1 or the second micro-fiber end region 2 during use. It can be understood that when the first micro-fiber end region 1 inputs an optical signal, the second micro-fiber end region 2 outputs an optical signal, and when the second micro-fiber end region 2 inputs an optical signal, the first micro-fiber end region 1 outputs an optical signal. The micro-fiber sensing region 6 is a small-core fiber. The minute vibration caused by the extrusion due to the pulse vibration will cause the fiber to bend. In the small-core fiber that is more sensitive to bending loss, the optical signal will be significantly intensity-modulated. Since the pulse signal contains respiration and heart rate information, the optical power that changes with the correlation of respiration and heartbeat is output at the output end of the sensing fiber (the signals of respiration and heart rate can be extracted and separated, and the signals are counted and the number of times per minute is calculated to obtain the respiration rate and heart rate). Therefore, a certain sensitive area is formed in the micro-fiber sensing region 6 of the sampling micro-nano fiber. During use, after aligning the center of the patch with the pulse point through the adhesive body 5 and pasting it on the wrist, the input optical signal generates loss due to the micro-nano fiber bending perturbation caused by the pulse fluctuation. Therefore, by continuously measuring the amplitude change of the transmission spectrum, the real-time measurement of the pulse wave can be realized.

[0021] In this example, the micro-nano fiber further includes a first micro-fiber taper region 3 and a second micro-fiber taper region 4. One end of the micro-fiber sensing region 6 is connected to the first micro-fiber end region 1 through the first micro-fiber taper region 3, and the other end of the micro-fiber sensing region 6 is connected to the second micro-fiber end region 2 through the second micro-fiber taper region 4.

[0022] The arrangement of the first micro-fiber taper region 3 and the second micro-fiber taper region 4 in the embodiment of the present invention can enable the pulse beating to cause the deformation of the micro-fiber sensing region 6, thereby enhancing the sensitivity of the patch of the present invention to pressure and improving the detection sensitivity and accuracy of the pulse wave.

[0023] Furthermore, the first micro-fiber taper region 3 and the second micro-fiber taper region 4 are conical. The smaller ends of the first micro-fiber taper region 3 and the second micro-fiber taper region 4 are connected to both ends of the micro-fiber sensing region 6. The larger end of the first micro-fiber taper region 3 is connected to the first micro-fiber end region 1, and the larger end of the second micro-fiber taper region 4 is connected to the second micro-fiber end region 2. The first micro-fiber taper region 3 and the second micro-fiber taper region 4 with the above structural shape can enable a lever effect between the first micro-fiber taper region 3 and the second micro-fiber taper region 4 and the micro-fiber sensing region 6, accurately transmitting the pressure signal to the sensing fiber and further increasing the sensitivity of the patch of the present invention.

[0024] Preferably, the micro-fiber sensing region 6, the first micro-fiber taper region 3, and the second micro-fiber taper region 4 are all formed by fusing and tapering a single-mode fiber.

[0025] Based on the above structure, it can be seen that the method of melting and tapering a single-mode optical fiber is not only convenient for production and forming, but also beneficial to the transmission of optical signals. In addition, the first micro-fiber end region 1, the second micro-fiber end region 2, the micro-fiber sensing region 6, the first micro-fiber taper region 3 and the second micro-fiber taper region 4 described in this embodiment are all formed by melting and tapering a single-mode optical fiber. The melted and tapered part forms the micro-fiber sensing region 6, the first micro-fiber taper region 3 and the second micro-fiber taper region 4, and the rest forms the first micro-fiber end region 1 and the second micro-fiber end region 2. Therefore, the first micro-fiber end region 1 and the second micro-fiber end region 2 can be used as the parts for inputting or outputting optical signals, and the first micro-fiber taper region 3 and the second micro-fiber taper region 4 are used to realize the transition between the first micro-fiber end region 1, the second micro-fiber end region 2 and the micro-fiber sensing region 6. Such a structural design enables the optical signal transmitted in the micro-fiber sensing region 6 to be deformed and bent after bearing the pressure of the human pulse, and the optical signal is lost at the bent micro-fiber sensing region 6 and modulated based on the principle of bending loss (because the heartbeat and breathing will cause the vibration of the pulse, and the vibration signal is transmitted to the pre-bent micro-fiber sensing region 6, and the optical loss in the micro-fiber sensing region 6 will change with the vibration signal, that is, the vibration signal intensity-modulates the optical power in the optical fiber), so that the detection of the pulse wave can be realized by continuously measuring the amplitude change of the transmission spectrum.

[0026] See the appendix Figure 2 The pasting body 5 is composed of an inner bonding layer and an outer protective layer, and the inner bonding layer and the outer protective layer are coated on the upper and lower sides of the micro-nano optical fiber. In specific implementation, the inner bonding layer and the outer protective layer can be made of the same material or different materials. Among them, the inner bonding layer is preferably made of an elastic material with good biocompatibility such as PDMS silicone to improve the user's experience.

[0027] In the specific implementation process, the micro-fiber sensing region 6 is in a C shape, a U shape or an Ω shape. This embodiment is preferably an Ω shape so that the micro-fiber sensing region 6 can be wrapped into a circle as much as possible to ensure that the area of the sensitive region is large enough. When the patch is attached to the wrist, the accuracy requirement for the attachment position can be effectively reduced.

[0028] From Figure 1 it can also be seen that both the first micro-fiber end region 1 and the second micro-fiber end region 2 are partially located in the pasting body 5, and the parts of the first micro-fiber end region 1 and the second micro-fiber end region 2 located outside the pasting body 5 are provided with the coating layer of the optical fiber.

[0029] Preferably, the diameter of the micro-fiber sensing region 6 is 6 microns, the length of the micro-fiber sensing region 6 is 2.5 cm, the curvature of the micro-fiber sensing region 6 is 250, and a sensitive region of about 2 square centimeters can be formed; the distance between the first micro-fiber end region 1 and the second micro-fiber end region 2 is 0.2 cm, which does not cause the coupling and interference of optical signals.

[0030] Through the above parameter limitations, it is ensured that the first micro-fiber end region 1, the second micro-fiber end region 2, the first micro-fiber taper region 3, the second micro-fiber taper region 4, and the micro-fiber sensing region 6 can detect the pulse wave through the transmission of optical signals.

[0031] This embodiment also proposes a pulse wave detection method based on the above optical fiber pulse wave sensor, including the following steps: Step 1: Connect the first micro-fiber end region 1 to the laser light source 200, and connect the second micro-fiber end region 2 to the photoelectric conversion module 300. For details, please refer to the appendix Figure 3 ; Step 2: The laser light source 200 emits laser light into the first micro-fiber end region 1 of the micro-nano fiber. Step 3: After the micro-fiber sensing region 6 of the micro-nano fiber is bent under the pressure of the human pulse, the laser signal transmitted in the micro-nano fiber is lost at the bent part and modulated based on the principle of bending loss. The modulated laser signal is output through the second micro-fiber end region 2. Step 4: The photoelectric conversion module 300 converts the modulation signal of the laser bending loss output by the micro-nano fiber into an electrical signal representing the human pulse wave, realizes the detection of the human pulse wave, and then the signal processing device can perform corresponding vital sign detections according to the electrical signal of the human pulse wave.

[0032] Advantageous effects: The micro-nano fiber pulse wave patch described in this embodiment has high sensitivity, can continuously and real-time detect, is simple to operate, wearable, and has strong practicability. The preparation method is simple and the cost is low. The demodulation method is simple and easy to industrialize.

[0033] Finally, it should be noted that the above description is only the preferred embodiment of the present invention. Under the inspiration of the present invention, those of ordinary skill in the art can make various similar representations without violating the purpose and claims of the present invention. Such transformations all fall within the protection scope of the present invention.

Claims

1. A micro-nano optical fiber pulse wave patch, characterized in that, It includes a paste body (5) and a micro-nano optical fiber disposed in the paste body (5) for obtaining a human pulse wave. The micro-nano optical fiber includes a first micro-optical fiber end region (1), a second micro-optical fiber end region (2), and a micro-optical fiber sensing region (6). The two ends of the micro-optical fiber sensing region (6) are respectively connected to one end of the first micro-optical fiber end region (1) and the second micro-optical fiber end region (2). The other ends of the first micro-optical fiber end region (1) and the second micro-optical fiber end region (2) are both used for input or output of optical signals.

2. The micro-nano fiber optic pulse wave patch according to claim 1, wherein The micro-nano optical fiber further includes a first micro-optical fiber taper region (3) and a second micro-optical fiber taper region (4). One end of the micro-optical fiber sensing region (6) is connected to the first micro-optical fiber end region (1) through the first micro-optical fiber taper region (3). The other end of the micro-optical fiber sensing region (6) is connected to the second micro-optical fiber end region (2) through the second micro-optical fiber taper region (4).

3. The micro-nano optical fiber pulse wave patch according to claim 2, characterized in that The first micro-optical fiber taper region (3) and the second micro-optical fiber taper region (4) are conical. The smaller ends of the first micro-optical fiber taper region (3) and the second micro-optical fiber taper region (4) are connected to the two ends of the micro-optical fiber sensing region (6). The larger end of the first micro-optical fiber taper region (3) is connected to the first micro-optical fiber end region (1). The larger end of the second micro-optical fiber taper region (4) is connected to the second micro-optical fiber end region (2).

4. The micro-nano optical fiber pulse wave patch according to claim 3, wherein The micro-optical fiber sensing region (6), the first micro-optical fiber taper region (3), and the second micro-optical fiber taper region (4) are all formed by melting and tapering a single-mode optical fiber.

5. The micro-nano fiber optic pulse wave patch according to claim 4, wherein The micro-optical fiber sensing region (6) is in a C shape, a U shape, or an Ω shape.

6. The micro-nano optical fiber pulse wave patch according to claim 1, characterized in that Both the first micro-optical fiber end region (1) and the second micro-optical fiber end region (2) are partially located in the paste body (5), and the portions of the first micro-optical fiber end region (1) and the second micro-optical fiber end region (2) located outside the paste body (5) are provided with a coating layer of the optical fiber.

7. The micro-nano optical fiber pulse wave patch according to any one of claims 1-6, characterized in that, The diameter of the micro-optical fiber sensing region (6) is 6 microns, the length of the micro-optical fiber sensing region (6) is 2.5 cm, and the curvature of the micro-optical fiber sensing region (6) is 250.

8. The micro-nano fiber optic pulse wave patch according to any one of claims 1-6, characterized in that, The distance between the first micro-optical fiber end region (1) and the second micro-optical fiber end region (2) is 0.2 cm.

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