A multi-functional ton bag agglomerated fly ash bag breaking and crushing device

Abstract

This invention discloses a multifunctional ton-bag agglomerated fly ash breaking and crushing device, comprising: a frame and a movable safety grid mounted on the frame, a hydraulic unpacking mechanism, a cross-saw blade opening mechanism, a material guiding mechanism, a material gathering hopper, a material gathering drum crushing mechanism, a medium-particle fly ash buffer bin, a vibrating feeder, and a vertical multi-row blade crushing mechanism. This invention uses mechanical means to smoothly open the packaging of deliquescent or solidified fly ash in ton-bag packaging, separating the packaging from the fly ash. Large pieces of fly ash are then crushed into smaller particles to meet the particle size requirements of subsequent processes, reducing labor intensity and improving production efficiency.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention relates to the industry of resource utilization of fly ash from municipal solid waste incineration, and particularly to a multifunctional ton bag agglomerated fly ash breaking and crushing device. Background Technology

[0002] On July 10, 2024, the applicant filed an invention patent application with the China National Intellectual Property Administration entitled "Integrated Ton Bag Clumping and Crushing Device for Fly Ash," with publication number CN118893073A. The device includes a bag-breaking mechanism, a large-piece fly ash crushing mechanism, a small-piece fly ash crushing mechanism, a pulverizer, and a conveyor. However, when receiving and crushing ton bags containing deliquescent, solidified, or other special fly ash, problems arise such as the bottom of the ton bag not being able to be cut open, the fly ash and the ton bag sticking together as a single piece, and the fly ash sticking together as a single piece that cannot be crushed.

[0003] In addition, the methods currently used in the market for manually breaking and crushing agglomerated fly ash are basically crude, rudimentary, and inefficient. Summary of the Invention

[0004] The technical problem this invention aims to solve is to address the issues of currently used, crude, rudimentary, and inefficient methods for manually breaking and crushing clumps of fly ash in bulk bags. These methods often encounter problems when receiving and crushing bulk bags of deliquescent or solidified fly ash, such as the inability to cut open the bottom of the bag, fly ash adhering to the bag as a single piece, or fly ash clumping together and being impossible to break. This invention provides a multifunctional device for breaking and crushing bulk fly ash in bulk bags. It uses mechanical means to smoothly open the packaging of bulk bags containing deliquescent or solidified fly ash, separating the packaging from the fly ash. Then, it crushes large pieces of fly ash into smaller particles, meeting the particle size requirements of subsequent processes, reducing labor intensity, and improving production efficiency.

[0005] The technical problem to be solved by this invention can be achieved through the following technical solution:

[0006] A multi-functional ton bag agglomerated fly ash breaking and crushing device includes:

[0007] frame;

[0008] The hydraulic loosening mechanism installed on the frame crushes the hard, lumpy fly ash inside the ton bag, creating a separation gap between the ton bag and the fly ash that are stuck together with the lumpy fly ash. This ensures that the fly ash can be completely separated from the ton bag after the bottom of the bag is broken.

[0009] The cross-saw blade opening mechanism is installed on the frame and located below the hydraulic unloading mechanism. The cross-saw blade opening mechanism quickly cuts open the bottom of the ton bag by the rapid reciprocating motion of the saw blade.

[0010] A material guiding mechanism is installed on the frame and located below the cross saw blade opening mechanism. This material guiding mechanism discharges the material from the opened ton bag.

[0011] A material hopper is installed on the frame and located below the material guiding mechanism. The material guiding mechanism is housed in the inlet of the material hopper, and an outlet is provided at the bottom of the material hopper.

[0012] The aggregated roller crushing mechanism is installed on the frame and located at the bottom of the discharge port of the aggregated hopper. The aggregated roller crushing mechanism crushes the large pieces of fly ash coming out of the discharge port of the aggregated hopper into medium and fine particles and sends them out.

[0013] A medium-particle fly ash buffer bin is installed on the frame and located below the aggregated roller crushing mechanism; the top of the medium-particle fly ash buffer bin is provided with a feed inlet and the bottom is provided with a discharge outlet. The feed inlet at the top of the medium-particle fly ash buffer bin is connected to the bottom of the aggregated roller crushing mechanism to receive medium and fine particles sent out by the aggregated roller crushing mechanism.

[0014] A vibrating feeder is mounted on the frame and connected to the feed inlet at the bottom of the medium-particle fly ash buffer bin.

[0015] The vertical multi-row blade crushing mechanism, which is mounted on the frame and connected to the discharge port of the vibrating feeder, crushes medium-sized fly ash into fine-sized fly ash.

[0016] In a preferred embodiment of the present invention, a movable safety grille is further provided on the frame and located above the hydraulic loosening mechanism. When the hydraulic loosening mechanism squeezes the ton bag, the bottom of the ton bag touches the top of the movable safety grille, so that the movable safety grille cooperates with the hydraulic loosening mechanism to crush large pieces of fly ash inside the ton bag.

[0017] In a preferred embodiment of the present invention, a hoisting mechanism is provided at the top of the frame to hoist ton bags.

[0018] In a preferred embodiment of the present invention, the hydraulic unloading mechanism includes two pressure plates that can move relative to each other, each pressure plate being driven by a hydraulic cylinder, and the hydraulic cylinder being mounted on the frame via a cylinder support frame.

[0019] In a preferred embodiment of the present invention, the pressure plate is an arc-shaped pressure plate, which covers the ton bag with the maximum contact surface.

[0020] In a preferred embodiment of the present invention, a raised support rib is provided on the surface of each pressure plate that contacts the ton bag. The raised support rib serves to prevent the pressure plate from deforming and also increases the local stress on large pieces of hard fly ash, making the large pieces of fly ash easier to break.

[0021] In a preferred embodiment of the present invention, the cross saw blade unpacking mechanism includes: a long saw blade module and a short saw blade module mounted in a cross shape on the frame, a long saw blade fixing groove disposed in the long saw blade module, and a short saw blade fixing groove disposed in the short saw blade module; the long saw blade is driven to reciprocate by a long saw blade module driving mechanism on the frame through being mounted in the long saw blade fixing groove, and the short saw blade is driven to reciprocate by a short saw blade module driving mechanism on the frame through being mounted in the short saw blade fixing groove.

[0022] In a preferred embodiment of the present invention, both ends of the long saw blade module and the short saw blade module are mounted on a buffer spring. When the ton bag is pressed on the long saw blade module and the short saw blade module, the long saw blade module and the short saw blade module can be lowered, so that the saw teeth of the long saw blade and the short saw blade protrude from the top of the long saw blade module and the top of the short saw blade module, and fully contact the bottom of the ton bag. In a preferred embodiment of the present invention, the material guiding mechanism includes a pair of guide plates welded at a 90° angle to the movable support rod. Each guide plate is fixed at the middle position of the movable support rod, and both ends of the movable support rod are hinged to the feed inlet of the hopper through a fixed bracket.

[0023] In a preferred embodiment of the present invention, the aggregate crushing roller mechanism includes a plurality of reverse crushing rollers and forward crushing rollers arranged in parallel at the bottom of the discharge port of the aggregate hopper. The plurality of reverse crushing rollers and the plurality of forward crushing rollers are arranged alternately. A gear is provided at one end of each reverse crushing roller and each forward crushing roller. The other end of each reverse crushing roller and the other end of each forward crushing roller are respectively mounted on the frame. These gears mesh in sequence to drive all the reverse crushing rollers and forward crushing rollers to rotate. Any one of these gears is driven to rotate by an electric mechanism.

[0024] In a preferred embodiment of the present invention, each reverse crushing roller and each forward crushing roller have the same structure, each including a crushing roller shaft, a smooth sleeve and a crushing sleeve spaced apart at the middle position of the crushing roller shaft, a left-handed sleeve on one end of the crushing roller shaft and a right-handed sleeve on the other end of the crushing roller shaft; a limiting iron ring is fixed at both ends of the crushing roller shaft by limiting bolts that radially pass through the crushing roller shaft, and the limiting iron rings at both ends of the crushing roller shaft squeeze the smooth sleeve, the crushing sleeve, the left-handed sleeve and the right-handed sleeve onto the crushing roller shaft, and crushing protrusions are provided on the outer circumferential surface of each crushing sleeve, and left-handed spiral material-gathering protrusions and right-handed spiral material-gathering protrusions are provided on the left-handed sleeve and the right-handed sleeve, respectively, and the left-handed spiral material-gathering protrusions on the reverse crushing roller mesh with the right-handed spiral material-gathering protrusions on the forward crushing roller; the smooth sleeve, the crushing sleeve, the left-handed sleeve and the right-handed sleeve are all connected to the crushing roller shaft by a key.

[0025] Due to the adoption of the above technical solution, the present invention has the following advantages:

[0026] 1. The hydraulic loosening mechanism crushes hard, lumpy fly ash inside the ton bag, creating a separation gap between the ton bag and the fly ash that are adhered to it. This ensures complete separation of the fly ash from the ton bag even after the bottom of the bag breaks. The two arc-shaped pressure plates of the hydraulic loosening mechanism maximize the contact area to hold the ton bag, ensuring that the fly ash in the entire bag is subjected to force simultaneously. Raised support ribs on the inner side of the pressure plates prevent deformation and increase the localized force on large, hard fly ash pieces, making them easier to break. The raised support ribs are short, and both the inner side of the pressure plates and the raised ribs are smooth, preventing the ton bag from breaking and avoiding snagging on the pressure plates.

[0027] 2. The use of a movable safety grille ensures that when a bag of fly ash is compressed by the hydraulic unloading mechanism, any hardened fly ash at the bottom that hits the safety grille can be crushed. Additionally, the movable safety grille prevents workers from accidentally falling into hazardous areas during routine operations.

[0028] 3. A cross-saw blade opening mechanism is adopted. Through the reciprocating motion of the saw blade, the thin and sharp saw blade quickly cuts open the bottom of the ton bag.

[0029] 4. Both ends of the long and short saw blade modules are mounted on buffer springs. When the ton bag is pressed on the long and short saw blade modules, the long and short saw blade modules can be lowered, so that the saw teeth of the long and short saw blades protrude from the top of the long and short saw blade modules and make full contact with the bottom of the ton bag, while preventing the saw blade modules and saw blades from being crushed.

[0030] 5. A material guiding mechanism is adopted. The two guide plates in the material guiding mechanism fall into one or both sides of the material crushing roller according to the weight of the falling material. The middle or one side will always be kept from being completely covered by the material falling from the ton bag. There will always be a gap to prevent the material crushing roller from being pressed down by the material and stopping.

[0031] 6. The material collection hopper can collect the material as it falls downwards, ensuring that the material falls within the working range of the material collection roller crushing mechanism.

[0032] 7. A material-aggregating roller crushing mechanism is adopted. The large gaps in this mechanism allow fine and medium-sized fly ash particles to pass smoothly into the buffer silo. Only large pieces of fly ash remain in the material-aggregating roller crushing mechanism. The material is pushed towards the center by the aggregate-aggregating protrusions, which bite and chew it. During this process, the material constantly bounces, preventing it from sticking together again. Ultimately, the large pieces of fly ash are broken down into medium and fine particles, which fall into the buffer silo. The fact that large pieces of fly ash remain on the material-aggregating roller crushing mechanism for a period of time before falling as medium-sized particles also helps relieve pressure in the buffer silo.

[0033] 8. The use of medium-particle fly ash buffer silos and vibrating feeders can buffer the fly ash falling instantly from the ton bag and feed it into the vertical multi-row blade crushing mechanism at a uniform speed, thus avoiding the vertical multi-row blade crushing mechanism from being pressed down and stopping.

[0034] 9. The vertical multi-row blade crushing mechanism uses multiple layers of blades to repeatedly impact and crush medium-sized fly ash into fine particles. The thin blades have low resistance and can knock down protruding fly ash adhering to the wall, reducing clogging.

[0035] This invention uses mechanical means to smoothly open the packaging of fly ash with special characteristics such as deliquescence and solidification in ton bags, separating the packaging from the fly ash. Then, large pieces of fly ash are crushed into small particles to meet the particle size requirements of subsequent processes, reducing the labor intensity of workers and improving production efficiency. Attached Figure Description

[0036] Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of the working process of the multifunctional ton bag agglomerated fly ash bag breaking and crushing device of the present invention.

[0037] Figure 2 This is a front view of the cross-sectional view of the multifunctional ton bag agglomerated fly ash breaking and crushing device of the present invention.

[0038] Figure 3 This is a side view of the cross-sectional profile of the multifunctional ton bag agglomerated fly ash breaking and crushing device of the present invention.

[0039] Figure 4 This is a top view of the structural layout of the polymer roller crushing mechanism of the present invention.

[0040] Figure 5 This is one of the schematic diagrams of the combination of the aggregate roller crushing mechanism and the aggregate hopper of the present invention.

[0041] Figure 6 This is the second schematic diagram of the combination of the material-gathering roller crushing mechanism and the material-gathering hopper of the present invention.

[0042] Figure 7 This is one of the schematic diagrams of the anti-breakage roller structure of the present invention.

[0043] Figure 8 This is the second schematic diagram of the anti-breakage roller structure of the present invention.

[0044] Figure 9 This is one of the schematic diagrams of the crushing roller structure of the present invention.

[0045] Figure 10 This is the second schematic diagram of the crushing roller structure of the present invention.

[0046] Figure 11 This is a top view of the structural arrangement of the cross saw blade unpacking mechanism of the present invention.

[0047] Figure 12 This is a front view of the structural arrangement of the cross saw blade unpacking mechanism of the present invention.

[0048] Figure 13 This is a side view of the structural arrangement of the cross saw blade unpacking mechanism of the present invention.

[0049] Figure 14 This is a schematic diagram of the long saw blade structure of the present invention.

[0050] Figure 15 This is a schematic diagram of the short saw blade structure of the present invention. Detailed Implementation

[0051] The present invention will be further described below with reference to the accompanying drawings and specific embodiments.

[0052] See Figures 2 to 15 The multi-functional ton bag agglomerated fly ash breaking and crushing device shown in the figure includes: a frame 100, a movable safety grid 200, a hydraulic loosening mechanism 300, a cross saw blade opening mechanism 400, a material guiding mechanism 500, a material gathering hopper 600, a material gathering drum crushing mechanism 700, a medium particle fly ash buffer bin 800, a vibrating feeder 900, and a vertical multi-row blade crushing mechanism 1000.

[0053] The entire frame 100 is a vertical frame structure assembled from I-beams. A hoisting mechanism 1100 is installed on the top of the frame 100 for hoisting ton bags.

[0054] A movable safety grille 200 is installed on the upper part of the frame 100 to prevent workers from accidentally falling into dangerous areas during daily operation. The movable safety grille 200 is located below the cross-saw blade unpacking mechanism 400. The movable safety grille 200 is made of steel profiles welded into a cross shape and is installed on the frame 100 using channel steel fixing frames and I-beam fixing frames. The channel steel fixing frames and I-beam fixing frames are welded to the frame 100, while the movable safety grille 200 is detachably supported on the channel steel fixing frames and I-beam fixing frames, so that the movable safety grille 200 can be directly removed when the machine is stopped for maintenance.

[0055] The hydraulic unloading mechanism 300 is mounted on the frame 100 and located above the movable safety grille 200. The specific structure of the hydraulic unloading mechanism 300 is as follows: the hydraulic unloading mechanism 300 includes two pressure plates 310 and 320 that can move relative to each other. Each pressure plate 310 and 320 is driven by a hydraulic cylinder 330 and 340, which are mounted on the frame 100 through cylinder support brackets 350 and 360.

[0056] The hydraulic bag-releasing mechanism 300 has two arc-shaped pressure plates 310 and 320, which can hold the ton bag with the maximum contact surface, and the fly ash in the entire ton bag is subjected to force simultaneously. The inner side of the pressure plates 310 and 320 has raised support ribs 311 and 321. The raised support ribs 311 and 321 prevent the pressure plates 310 and 320 from deforming, and also increase the local force on large pieces of hard fly ash, making large pieces of fly ash easier to break. The raised support ribs 311 and 321 are relatively short, and the inner side of the pressure plates 310 and 320 and the raised support ribs 311 and 321 are very smooth, making the ton bag less likely to break and preventing the ton bag from snagging on the pressure plates 310 and 320.

[0057] The hydraulic loosening mechanism 300 crushes the hard, lumpy fly ash inside the ton bag, creating a separation gap between the ton bag and the fly ash that are stuck together with the lumpy fly ash. This ensures that the fly ash can be completely separated from the ton bag after the bottom of the bag is broken. When the hydraulic loosening mechanism 300 squeezes the ton bag, the bottom of the ton bag touches the top of the movable safety grille 200, causing the movable safety grille 200 to cooperate with the hydraulic loosening mechanism 300 to crush the large pieces of fly ash inside the ton bag.

[0058] The cross saw blade unpacking mechanism 400 is mounted on the frame 100 and located below the hydraulic unpacking mechanism 300. The specific structure of the cross saw blade unpacking mechanism 400 is as follows: (See details) Figures 11 to 15The cross saw blade unpacking mechanism 400 includes: a long saw blade module 410 and two short saw blade modules 420a and 420b, which are mounted in a cross shape on the frame 100; a long saw blade 430; two short saw blades 440a and 440b; a long saw blade fixing groove 450; and two short saw blade fixing grooves 460a and 460b.

[0059] The long saw blade 430 and the short saw blades 440a and 440b are respectively installed in the long saw blade fixing groove 450 and the two short saw blade fixing grooves 460a and 460b using fasteners such as fastening bolts and fastening nuts. The long saw blade 430 and the two short saw blades 440a and 440b are respectively configured in the long saw blade module 410 and the two short saw blade modules 420a and 420b with the long saw blade fixing groove 450 and the two short saw blade fixing grooves 460a and 460b respectively. On the upper part, at one end of the long saw blade fixing groove 450 and the two short saw blade fixing grooves 460a and 460b, the long saw blade drive mechanism 470 and the short saw blade drive 480a and 480b (e.g. linear motion mechanism) installed on the frame 100 drive the long saw blade 430 and the short saw blades 440a and 440b to reciprocate linearly with the long saw blade module 410 and the two short saw blade modules 420a and 420b, respectively, to quickly cut open the bottom of the ton bag.

[0060] Both ends of the long saw blade module 410 and the short saw blade modules 420a and 420b are mounted on a buffer spring 490. When the ton bag is pressed on the long saw blade module 410 and the short saw blade modules 420a and 420b, the long saw blade module 410 and the short saw blade modules 420a and 420b can be lowered, so that the saw teeth 431 of the long saw blade 430 and the saw teeth 441a and 441b of the short saw blades 440a and 440b protrude from the top of the long saw blade module 410 and the top of the short saw blade modules 420a and 420b, and make full contact with the bottom of the ton bag.

[0061] The material guiding mechanism 500 is mounted on the frame 100 and located below the cross-saw blade opening mechanism 400. This mechanism 500 discharges the material from the opened ton bag. Its specific structure is as follows: (See details). Figure 5 and Figure 6 The material guiding mechanism 500 includes a pair of guide plates 510 welded at a 90° angle to a movable support rod 520. Each guide plate 510 is fixed at the middle position of the movable support rod 520, and both ends of the movable support rod 520 are hinged to the feed inlet 610 of the hopper 600 via fixed brackets 530. The guide plates 510 fall into one or both sides of the hopper crushing mechanism 700 according to the weight of the falling material, always ensuring that the middle or one side is not completely covered by the material falling instantly from the ton bag, always leaving gaps to prevent the hopper crushing mechanism 700 from being pressed down and stopping.

[0062] The material hopper 600 is installed on the frame 100 and located below the material guiding mechanism 500. The material guiding mechanism 500 is housed in the feed inlet 610 of the material hopper 600, and the bottom of the material hopper 600 is provided with a discharge outlet 620. The material hopper 600 can collect the material as it falls downwards, ensuring that the material falls to the working position of the material crushing drum mechanism 700.

[0063] The aggregated roller crushing mechanism 700 is mounted on the frame 100 and located at the bottom of the discharge port 620 of the aggregated hopper 600. This mechanism crushes large pieces of fly ash exiting from the discharge port 620 of the aggregated hopper 600 into medium and fine particles for discharge. Its specific structure is as follows: (See details). Figures 4 to 11 The material crushing roller mechanism 700 includes several reverse crushing rollers 710 and forward crushing rollers 720 arranged in parallel at the bottom of the discharge port 620 of the material hopper 600. The reverse crushing rollers 710 and forward crushing rollers 720 are arranged alternately. A gear 730 is provided at one end of each reverse crushing roller 710 and each forward crushing roller 720. The other ends of each reverse crushing roller 710 and each forward crushing roller 720 are respectively mounted on the frame 100. These gears 730 mesh sequentially to drive all the reverse crushing rollers 710 and forward crushing rollers 720 to rotate. Any one of these gears 730 is driven to rotate by an electric mechanism 740.

[0064] Each reverse crushing roller 710 and each forward crushing roller 720 have the same structure, including a crushing roller shaft 711, 721, smooth sleeves 712, 722 and crushing sleeves 713, 723 spaced apart between the crushing roller shafts 711, 721, and left-handed sleeves 714, 724 sleeved at one end of the crushing roller shafts 711, 721, and right-handed sleeves 715, 725 sleeved at the other end of the crushing roller shafts 711, 721; Both ends of the crushing roller shafts 711 and 721 are respectively fixed with limiting iron rings 717 and 727 by limiting bolts 716 and 726 that radially pass through the crushing roller shafts 711 and 721. The limiting iron rings 717 and 727 at both ends of the crushing roller shafts 711 and 721 squeeze smooth sleeves 712 and 722, crushing sleeves 713 and 723, left-hand sleeves 714 and 724, and right-hand sleeves 715 and 725 onto the crushing roller shafts 711 and 721. Smooth sleeves 712 and 722, crushing sleeves 713 and 723, left-hand sleeves 714 and 724, and right-hand sleeves 715 and 725 are all connected to the crushing roller shafts 711 and 721 by keys 718 and 728.

[0065] Crushing protrusions 713a and 723a are provided on the outer circumferential surface of each crushing sleeve 713 and 723. Left-hand spiral material-gathering protrusions 714a and 724a and right-hand spiral material-gathering protrusions 715a and 725a are respectively provided on the left-hand sleeve 714 and 724 and the right-hand spiral material-gathering protrusions 715a and 725a. The left-hand spiral material-gathering protrusion 714a on the reverse crushing roller 710 meshes with the right-hand spiral material-gathering protrusion 724a on the forward crushing roller 720. The right-hand spiral material-gathering protrusion 715a on the reverse crushing roller 710 meshes with the left-hand spiral material-gathering protrusion 725a on the forward crushing roller 720.

[0066] The aggregated crushing drum 700 has large gaps, allowing fine and medium-sized fly ash particles to pass smoothly into the medium-sized fly ash buffer chamber 800. Only large pieces of fly ash remain in the aggregated crushing drum 700. The left-hand spiral aggregated protrusions 714a and 724a and the right-hand spiral aggregated protrusions 715a and 725a push the material from both sides towards the center. The material is then bitten by the small openings of the crushing protrusions 713a and 723a. During this biting process, the material constantly bounces, preventing it from sticking together again. Ultimately, the large pieces of fly ash are broken down into medium and fine particles, which fall into the medium-sized fly ash buffer chamber 800. The fact that large pieces of fly ash remain in the aggregated crushing drum 700 for a period of time before falling as medium particles also helps relieve pressure in the medium-sized fly ash buffer chamber 800.

[0067] The medium-particle fly ash buffer bin 800 is installed on the frame 100 and located below the aggregate drum crushing mechanism 700; the top of the medium-particle fly ash buffer bin 800 is provided with a feed inlet 810 and the bottom is provided with a discharge outlet 820. The feed inlet 810 at the top of the medium-particle fly ash buffer bin 800 is connected to the bottom of the aggregate drum crushing mechanism 700 to receive medium and fine particles from the aggregate drum crushing mechanism 700.

[0068] The vibrating feeder 900 is mounted on the frame 100 and is connected to the discharge port 820 at the bottom of the medium particle fly ash buffer silo 800.

[0069] The vertical multi-row blade crushing mechanism 1000 is installed on the frame 100 and connected to the discharge port of the vibrating feeder 900. The vertical multi-row blade crushing mechanism 1000 crushes medium-sized fly ash into fine fly ash.

[0070] The medium-particle fly ash buffer bin 800 and vibrating feeder 900 buffer the fly ash falling instantly from the ton bag, feeding it into the vertical multi-row blade crusher 1000 at a uniform speed, preventing the crusher from being blocked and stopping. The multi-layered blades of the vertical multi-row blade crusher 1000 can crush medium-particle fly ash into fine particles multiple times. The thin blades have low resistance and can knock down protruding fly ash adhering to the wall, reducing clogging.

[0071] The process route of the multi-functional ton bag agglomerated fly ash breaking and crushing device is as follows:

[0072] Combination Figure 1 First, a whole ton bag of fly ash is placed on the long saw blade module 410 and the short saw blade modules 420a and 420b. The hydraulic loosening mechanism 300 compresses it, causing the compressed fly ash blocks to deform and loosen, creating gaps with the ton bag. The cross saw blade opening mechanism 400 is activated, breaking open the bottom of the ton bag with a cross-shaped opening. Fine fly ash particles fall directly down, while larger pieces of fly ash fall along the inclined direction of the guide plate 510 to a local position of the aggregate roller crushing mechanism 700. Under the rolling of the aggregate roller crushing mechanism 700, the large pieces of fly ash move to the middle position of the aggregate roller crushing mechanism 700, where they are continuously bitten into medium and fine particles by the crushing protrusions 713a and 723a before falling into the medium-particle fly ash buffer bin 800. The vibrating feeder 900 continuously and uniformly feeds the fly ash into the vertical multi-row blade crushing mechanism 1000, where it is crushed into small particles. The bag-breaking and crushing pretreatment of the special fly ash packaged in the ton bag is completed. Then it is fed into the next process via a scraper conveyor.

Claims

1. A multifunctional ton bag caking fly ash bag breaking and crushing device, characterized in that, It comprises: a rack; a hydraulic bag loosening mechanism arranged on the rack, which crushes hard blocky fly ash in a ton bag, creates a separation gap between the ton bag and the fly ash bonded together with the blocky fly ash, and can meet the complete separation of the fly ash and the ton bag after the bottom of the ton bag is broken; a cross saw strip bag opening mechanism arranged on the rack below the hydraulic bag loosening mechanism, which quickly and reciprocally moves the saw strip to quickly cut open the bottom of the ton bag; a material guiding mechanism arranged on the rack below the cross saw strip bag opening mechanism, which guides the material in the opened ton bag out; a material collecting hopper arranged on the rack below the material guiding mechanism, the material guiding mechanism is accommodated in the feeding port of the material collecting hopper, and the bottom of the material collecting hopper is provided with a discharging port; a material collecting drum crushing mechanism arranged on the rack below the discharging port of the material collecting hopper, which crushes the large blocky fly ash coming out of the discharging port of the material collecting hopper into medium particles and small particles; a medium particle fly ash buffer bin arranged on the rack below the material collecting drum crushing mechanism, the top of the medium particle fly ash buffer bin is provided with a feeding port, and the bottom is provided with a discharging port, the feeding port of the top of the medium particle fly ash buffer bin is connected with the bottom of the material collecting drum crushing mechanism, and the medium particles and small particles sent out from the material collecting drum crushing mechanism are received; a vibrating feeder arranged on the rack and connected with the discharging port of the vibrating feeder; a vertical multi-row blade crushing mechanism arranged on the rack and connected with the discharging port of the vibrating feeder, which crushes the medium particle fly ash into small particle fly ash; It also comprises a movable safety grid arranged on the rack below the cross saw strip bag opening mechanism, when the ton bag is pressed by the hydraulic bag loosening mechanism, the bottom of the ton bag hits the bottom of the movable safety grid, so that the movable safety grid cooperates with the hydraulic bag loosening mechanism to crush the large blocky fly ash in the ton bag; The top of the rack is provided with a lifting mechanism to lift the ton bag; The cross saw strip bag opening mechanism comprises a long saw strip module and a short saw strip module arranged in a cross shape on the rack, a long saw strip arranged in a long saw strip fixed groove, and a short saw strip arranged in a short saw strip fixed groove; the long saw strip module is driven to reciprocate by a long saw strip driving mechanism arranged on the rack, and the short saw strip module is driven to reciprocate by a short saw strip driving mechanism arranged on the rack.

2. The multifunction ton bagged clumped fly ash bag breaking and crushing device according to claim 1, characterized in that, The hydraulic bag loosening mechanism comprises two pressure plates capable of relative movement, each pressure plate is driven by a hydraulic oil cylinder, and the hydraulic oil cylinder is installed on the rack through an oil cylinder support frame.

3. The multifunction ton bagged clumped fly ash bag breaking and breaking device according to claim 2, characterized in that, The pressure plate is an arc-shaped pressure plate to cover the ton bag with the largest contact surface.

4. The multifunction ton bagged clumped fly ash bag breaking and breaking device according to claim 3, characterized in that, A raised support rib plate is arranged on the surface of each pressure plate in contact with the ton bag.

5. The multifunction ton bagged clumped fly ash bag breaking and breaking device according to claim 1, characterized in that, The long and short saw blade modules are installed on buffer springs at both ends, and when the ton bag is pressed on the long and short saw blade modules, the long and short saw blade modules can be lowered so that the saw teeth of the long saw blade and the saw teeth of the short saw blade protrude from the top of the long saw blade module and the top of the short saw blade module and fully contact the bottom of the ton bag.

6. A multifunctional ton bag caked fly ash bag breaking and crushing device according to claim 5, characterized in that, The material guiding mechanism comprises material guiding plates welded at a 90° angle on movable support rods, each material guiding plate being fixed at the middle of a movable support rod, and both ends of each movable support rod being hinged to the material inlet of the material collecting hopper through a fixed bracket.

7. The multifunction ton bagged clumped fly ash bag breaking and breaking device according to claim 1, characterized in that, The material collecting drum crushing mechanism comprises a plurality of reverse crushing rollers and positive crushing rollers arranged in parallel at the bottom of the material outlet of the material collecting hopper, the reverse crushing rollers and the positive crushing rollers being arranged alternately, a gear being arranged at one end of each reverse crushing roller and each positive crushing roller, and the other end of each reverse crushing roller and the other end of each positive crushing roller being respectively arranged on the frame in a shaft manner; the gears are sequentially engaged to drive all the reverse crushing rollers and the positive crushing rollers to rotate, and any one of the gears is driven to rotate by an electric mechanism.

8. A multifunctional ton bagged clumped fly ash bag breaking and crushing device according to claim 7, characterized in that, Each reverse crushing roller and each positive crushing roller are identical in structure and comprise a crushing roller shaft, a smooth sleeve and a crushing sleeve which are sleeved at the middle position of the crushing roller shaft, and a left-handed sleeve which is sleeved at one end of the crushing roller shaft and a right-handed sleeve which is sleeved at the other end of the crushing roller shaft; a limiting iron ring is fixed at each end of the crushing roller shaft through a limiting bolt which penetrates the crushing roller shaft in a radial direction, the limiting iron rings at both ends of the crushing roller shaft squeeze the smooth sleeve, the crushing sleeve, the left-handed sleeve and the right-handed sleeve on the crushing roller shaft, crushing protruding teeth are arranged on the outer circumferential surface of each crushing sleeve, left-handed and right-handed material collecting protruding teeth are respectively arranged on the left-handed sleeve and the right-handed sleeve, the left-handed material collecting protruding teeth on the reverse crushing roller and the right-handed material collecting protruding teeth on the positive crushing roller are engaged with each other, and the smooth sleeve, the crushing sleeve, the left-handed sleeve and the right-handed sleeve are connected with the crushing roller shaft through a key.

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