Organic fertilizer preparation equipment and preparation method

Abstract

The invention relates to the technical field of organic fertilizer processing, in particular to organic fertilizer preparation equipment and a preparation method. The method has the beneficial effects that the organic waste can be uniformly pretreated before composting, and the composting efficiency is improved. Organic fertilizer preparation equipment comprises a box body, the lower side in the box body is fixedly connected with a material collecting pool, the right side of the upper portion of the material collecting pool is provided with a sterilization device, the left side of the upper portion of the material collecting pool is rotationally connected with a smashing cutter, and the upper side in the box body is slidably connected with a pushing device; the degerming device comprises an upper push plate, the upper push plate is connected to the box body in a sliding mode, the outer side of the upper push plate is sleeved with an outer blocking box, the outer blocking box is fixedly connected to the material collecting pool, and the inner side of the outer blocking box is fixedly connected with a gauze element; the pushing device comprises a pushing cover, the pushing cover is connected to the upper side of the box body in a sliding mode, a pressing plate is connected to the lower side of the pushing cover in a sliding mode, a control switch capable of controlling the pressing plate and the upper pushing plate to act is installed on the pushing cover, and heating devices are installed in the pressing plate, the upper pushing plate and the material collecting pool.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present invention relates to the technical field of organic fertilizer processing, and more specifically, to an organic fertilizer preparation device and a preparation method. Background Art

[0002] Organic fertilizers are fertilizers made by fermenting organic waste, which have the characteristics of various types, wide sources, and long fertilizer efficiency. They can improve the soil structure, coordinate the water, fertilizer, air, and heat in the soil, and improve soil fertility and land productivity. Currently, the composting method is generally used for fertilizer production. Especially when large amounts of fertilizers are needed, a large area is required for composting for up to twenty days. During this period, since organic waste itself contains many pathogenic microorganisms, if not properly treated, it will become a huge hidden danger. Especially when farmers make their own fertilizers, the sources of fertilizer raw materials are complex and not unified, and they need to be generated and added irregularly in terms of time and quantity, and are easily affected by pathogenic microorganisms in the composting area. If the organic waste is pretreated before composting, the microbial influence can be effectively reduced and the composting efficiency can be improved. However, there are many types of organic waste, which are difficult to be uniformly treated and the treatment speed is slow. Summary of the Invention

[0003] To overcome the deficiencies of the prior art, the present invention provides an organic fertilizer preparation device and a preparation method, and the beneficial effect is that the present invention can uniformly pretreat organic waste before composting and improve the composting efficiency.

[0004] The technical solution adopted by the present invention to solve its technical problems is as follows:

[0005] An organic fertilizer preparation device includes a box body. A material receiving pool is fixedly connected to the lower side inside the box body. A sterilization device is installed on the upper right side of the material receiving pool. A crushing knife is rotatably connected to the upper left side of the material receiving pool. A pushing device is slidably connected to the upper side inside the box body; the sterilization device includes an upper pushing plate, the upper pushing plate is slidably connected to the box body, an outer blocking box is sleeved outside the upper pushing plate, the outer blocking box is fixedly connected to the material receiving pool, and a screen is fixedly connected to the inner side of the outer blocking box; the pushing device includes a pushing cover, the pushing cover is slidably connected to the upper side of the box body, a pressing plate is slidably connected to the lower side of the pushing cover, a control switch capable of respectively controlling the actions of the pressing plate and the upper pushing plate is installed on the pushing cover, and heating devices are installed inside the pressing plate, inside the upper pushing plate, and inside the material receiving pool.

[0006] The pushing device further includes a horizontal pushing plate, the horizontal pushing plate is fixedly connected to the lower side of the pushing cover, and the lower side surface of the horizontal pushing plate is flush with the upper side surface of the outer blocking box.

[0007] A card slot corresponding to the horizontal pushing plate is provided on the upper side of the pressing plate.

[0008] On the right side of the material receiving pool, there is a heating pool. A retaining door is slidably connected to the heating pool, and a pulling device is fixedly connected to the upper side of the retaining door. The pulling device includes a pulling belt and a plurality of positioning columns. The plurality of positioning columns are all fixedly connected to the side of the box body. One end of the pulling belt is fixedly connected to the retaining door, and the other end of the pulling belt sequentially passes through the positioning columns and is fixedly connected to the pushing block. A side pushing block corresponding to the pushing block is arranged on the side of the horizontal pushing plate.

[0009] A method for preparing organic fertilizer, the method comprising the following steps:

[0010] a: Put the organic waste into the inner part of the outer retaining box, pull the push cover to the right, so that the pressing plate moves to the upper side of the outer retaining box;

[0011] b: Lower the pressing plate and press the organic waste, so that the liquid component and the solid component in the organic waste are separated and fall into the inner part of the material receiving pool;

[0012] c: Start the heating device to heat the solid organic waste and the liquid organic waste respectively;

[0013] d: Raise the outer retaining box and push the solid organic waste and the pressing plate to rise;

[0014] e: Pull the push cover to the left, so that the solid organic waste falls into the inner part of the material receiving pool;

[0015] f: Mix and crush the solid organic waste and the liquid organic waste through the crushing knife, and push out the crushed organic waste to complete the pretreatment of the organic waste;

[0016] g: Put the pretreated organic waste into the fermentation pool until the preparation of the organic fertilizer fermentation is completed. Description of the Drawings

[0017] The following further describes the present invention in detail with reference to the drawings and specific implementation methods.

[0018] Figure 1 It is an overall schematic diagram of an organic fertilizer preparation device;

[0019] Figure 2 It is an overall cross-sectional view of an organic fertilizer preparation device;

[0020] Figure 3 It is an internal structure diagram of an organic fertilizer preparation device;

[0021] Figure 4 It is an installation schematic diagram of a sterilization device on the material receiving pool;

[0022] Figure 5 It is a structural cross-sectional view of the outer retaining box;

[0023] Figure 6 It is a structural schematic diagram of the pushing device;

[0024] Figure 7 Schematic structural diagram of the pulling device;

[0025] Figure 8 is Figure 7 Partial enlarged structural diagram of part I in

[0026] Figure 9 Schematic diagram of the position of the lower edge of the horizontal push plate above the outer retaining box. Specific implementation mode

[0027] As Figures 1-3 shown:

[0028] An organic fertilizer preparation device includes a box body 000. A material receiving pool 010 is welded to the lower side inside the box body 000. A sterilization device 100 is installed on the upper right side of the upper part of the material receiving pool 010. A crushing knife 020 is rotationally connected to the left side of the upper part of the material receiving pool 010 through the output shaft of a rotating motor. A pushing device 200 is slidably connected to the upper side inside the box body 000. The sterilization device 100 includes an upper push plate 110. The upper push plate 110 is slidably connected to the box body 000 through an electric push rod A. An outer retaining box 120 is sleeved outside the upper push plate 110. The outer retaining box 120 is welded to the material receiving pool 010. A screen is clamped inside the outer retaining box 120. The pushing device 200 includes a push cover 210. The push cover 210 is slidably connected to the upper side of the box body 000. A pressing plate 220 is slidably connected to the lower side of the push cover 210 through an electric push rod B. A control switch 211 capable of respectively controlling the actions of the electric push rod A and the electric push rod B is installed on the push cover 210. Heating devices are installed inside the pressing plate 220, inside the upper push plate 110, and inside the material receiving pool 010.

[0029] When using the preparation equipment for the pretreatment of organic waste, the heating device and the rotating motor can be started in advance. The heating device can be a heating wire or other heating device arranged inside the pressing plate 220, the upper pushing plate 110 and the material receiving pool 010. Under normal conditions, the electric push rod A and the electric push rod B are both in a contracted state and interlocked. Then, by pushing the push cover 210 to the left, the pushing device 200 can be moved to the left, so that the organic waste can be poured into the disinfection device 100. At this time, the upper pushing plate 110 and the outer baffle box 120 are joined together, and the organic waste can be received by the screen and fall into the screen. Then, the push cover 210 can be pushed to the right to move the pushing device 200 to the upper side of the disinfection device 100. At this time, the pressing plate 220 is located directly above the upper pushing plate 110. Then, the electric push rod B can be started by pressing the corresponding control switch 211. At this time, the electric push rod A is powered off, and the electric push rod B extends and drives the pressing plate 220 to descend. At this time, the pressing plate 220 can press the organic waste inside the outer baffle box 120, so that the liquid organic waste in the organic waste passes through the screen and the outer baffle box 120 and falls into the material receiving pool 010. Thus, the liquid organic waste can be heated by the heating device inside the material receiving pool 010. At the same time, the solid organic waste can stay inside the outer baffle box 120 and be compacted under the blockage of the screen. At this time, the upper pushing plate 110 and the pressing plate 220 can simultaneously perform pressure heating treatment on the solid organic waste through the heating device, so that the pathogenic microorganisms inside the solid organic waste can be quickly killed. Thus, the work of killing the pathogenic microorganisms inside the organic waste can be quickly completed by the preparation equipment, and the pretreatment of the organic waste can be completed, thereby avoiding the situation that the central position of the solid-liquid mixed organic waste is difficult to quickly heat up, resulting in a reduction in the killing efficiency of pathogenic microorganisms. At the same time, since the pushing device 200 is located on the right side of the preparation equipment during the heating and disinfection process, the push cover 210 can play a sealing role on the sealing equipment, that is, the operator will not be affected by pathogenic microorganisms and the smell of organic waste during the killing process.

[0030] Secondly, after the pathogenic microorganisms inside the organic waste are killed, the corresponding control switch 211 can be pressed again to start the electric push rod A and cut off the power supply of the electric push rod B at the same time. That is, the electric push rod B shortens and the electric push rod A elongates. Thus, the pressing plate 220, the upper pushing plate 110 and the solid organic waste clamped by the upper pushing plate 110 and the pressing plate 220 can be driven to rise by the electric push rod A at the same time, so that the solid organic waste can be removed from the screen. Then, the push cover 210 can be pushed to the left, so that when the pushing device 200 moves to the left, the solid organic waste can fall into the left side of the receiving pool 010, so that the solid organic waste is mixed with the liquid organic waste. At this time, the rotating motor can drive the crushing knife 020 to rotate and crush the solid organic waste that has been pressed and solidified, so that the crushed solid organic waste can be mixed with the liquid organic waste again, thus completing the pretreatment of the organic waste. By separately treating the solid and liquid inside the organic waste, the range of organic waste that the preparation equipment can handle can be expanded, the applicability of the preparation equipment can be improved, the overall structure of the preparation equipment can be simplified, the operation difficulty of the preparation equipment can be reduced, the damage rate of the preparation equipment can be reduced, the service life of the preparation equipment can be increased, and the use range of the preparation equipment can be increased. When the crushing knife 020 crushes the solid organic waste, since the pushing device 200 is located on the right side of the preparation equipment, as Figure 3 shown, the upper part of the disinfection device 100 is completely exposed. At this time, organic waste can be continuously poured into the disinfection device 100, so as to continuously pre-treat the organic waste;

[0031] In addition, since the electric push rod B always remains in the extended state during the heating and disinfection process, that is, the pressing plate 220 is always inside the outer baffle box 120, during the heating and disinfection process, it can be ensured that even if the power is suddenly cut off or the equipment jolts, the pushing device 200 can always cover the upper side of the disinfection device 100, so as to ensure that the peculiar smell will not directly come out from the upper side of the disinfection device 100, reducing the peculiar smell pollution during the disinfection process. At the same time, when the operator manually pushes the push cover 210 to the left, if the push cover 210 cannot be pushed, it can be proved that the pressing plate 220 is still in the state of pressing and heating the solid organic waste, avoiding the situation that the operator mistakenly pushes the push cover 210 and causes the leakage of the organic waste. When the electric push rod B shortens, since the electric push rod A is interlocked with the electric push rod B, it can be determined that the electric push rod A has elongated and pushed the solid organic waste out of the disinfection device 100, so as to ensure that when the push cover 210 is pushed to the left, the solid organic waste can be completely removed from the inside of the disinfection device 100;

[0032] At the same time, by pressing and heating the solid organic waste with the pressing plate 220 and the upper pushing plate 110 at the same time, the solid organic waste can be quickly shaped and dried, which can help to push the solid organic waste out of the disinfection device 100 subsequently.

[0033] As Figure 6 , 9 shown

[0034] The pushing device 200 further includes a horizontal pushing plate 230, which is welded to the lower side of the push cover 210, and the lower side surface of the horizontal pushing plate 230 is flush with the upper side surface of the outer baffle box 120; thus, it can be ensured that when the solid organic waste is pushed to the top side of the sterilization device 100 by the upper pushing plate 110, the user pushes the push cover 210 to the left, the horizontal pushing plate 230 can be driven by the push cover 210, and then the solid organic waste can be completely pushed away by the horizontal pushing plate 230, without leaving the solid organic waste inside the sterilization device 100.

[0035] As Figure 6 shown

[0036] A clamping groove 221 corresponding to the horizontal pushing plate 230 is arranged on the upper side of the pressing plate 220, so that when the electric push rod B contracts and the pressing plate 220 rises to the top, the horizontal pushing plate 230 can be clamped into the clamping groove 221, and further, the horizontal pushing plate 230 can be limited by the clamping groove 221, avoiding the situation that when the horizontal pushing plate 230 pushes the solid organic waste, the solid organic waste adheres to the upper pushing plate 110 or the screen and is difficult to push, resulting in deformation of the horizontal pushing plate 230 or incomplete pushing of the solid organic waste.

[0037] As Figure 4 , 7 -8 shown

[0038] A heating pool 011 is arranged on the right side of the material receiving pool 010. A baffle door 030 is slidably connected to the heating pool 011. A pulling device 300 is connected to the upper side of the baffle door 030 by screws. The pulling device 300 includes a pulling belt 310 and a plurality of positioning columns 320. The plurality of positioning columns 320 are all connected to the side surface of the box body 000 by screws. One end of the pulling belt 310 is connected to the baffle door 030 by screws. The other end of the pulling belt 310 sequentially passes through the positioning columns 320 and is connected to the pushing block 330 by screws. A side pushing block 231 corresponding to the pushing block 330 is arranged on the side surface of the horizontal pushing plate 230;

[0039] When the pushing device 200 is pushed leftward by the operator, the horizontal pushing plate 230 moves leftward, enabling the side pushing block 231 to push the pushing block 330 leftward. As a result, the pulling belt 310 can be driven by the pushing block 330, and then the blocking door 030 can be driven upward. Further, the lower opening of the heating pool 011 can be opened, allowing the liquid organic waste and solid organic waste inside the heating pool 011 to flow into the left side of the material receiving pool 010 synchronously and be discharged after mixing with the solid organic waste. When the pushing device 200 is pushed rightward by the operator, the horizontal pushing plate 230 moves rightward, enabling the side pushing block 231 to release the pushing limit on the pushing block 330. At this time, the blocking door 030 descends under its own gravity, and the pushing block 330 can be driven back to its original position through the pulling belt 310. The arrangement of multiple positioning columns 320 can limit the pulling belt 310, enabling the pulling belt 310 to move along a predetermined direction, allowing the blocking door 030 to only move upward, and at the same time preventing the pushing block 330 from falling directly.

[0040] A rotatable outer shell can be coated outside the positioning column 320, which can reduce the friction generated between the pulling belt 310 and the positioning column 320, thereby increasing the opening speed of the blocking door 030.

[0041] Meanwhile, the arrangement of the heating pool 011 and the blocking door 030 can keep the liquid organic waste separated by extrusion inside the heating pool 011 and completely enclosed, preventing the odor of the liquid organic waste from escaping from the preparation equipment during the process of heating and sterilization. At the same time, the heating devices in the material receiving pool 010 can be centrally arranged inside the heating pool 011, enabling the liquid organic waste to be affected by both the upward pushing plate 110 and the heating devices in the material receiving pool 010 simultaneously, improving the sterilization efficiency and reducing energy consumption.

[0042] Furthermore:

[0043] Two pulling devices 300 are provided, and two corresponding side pushing blocks 231 are also provided accordingly. The two pushing blocks 330 are respectively connected to the left and right sides of the blocking door 030 by screws, enabling the blocking door 030 to be pulled simultaneously by the two pulling devices 300, preventing the blocking door 030 from getting stuck with the heating pool 011 due to uneven force and causing the opening to fail to open normally.

[0044] As Figure 5 shown:

[0045] The outer baffle box 120 includes a side box wall 121. A plurality of side flow ports 122 are provided on the lower side of the side box wall 121. A fixing ring 124 is detachably connected to the upper side of the side box wall 121 by screws or threads. An inner insertion ring 123 is provided between the side box wall 121 and the fixing ring 124. The upper edge of the screen is clamped between the side box wall 121 and the inner side of the inner insertion ring 123. Thus, the upper edge of the screen can be clamped between the side box wall 121 and the inner insertion ring 123 by removing the fixing ring 124 and the inner insertion ring 123. At the same time, the screen can be replaced simply and quickly when the screen is damaged or blocked.

[0046] The arrangement of the plurality of side flow ports 122 enables the liquid organic waste to fall into the inside of the material collection pool 010 dispersedly nearby, improving the separation efficiency of the liquid organic waste.

[0047] As Figure 4 shown:

[0048] The crushing knife 020 is a crusher blade including a moving knife and a fixed knife, so as to be able to quickly crush and cut the compacted solid organic waste, so that the solid organic waste and the liquid organic waste can be directly mixed when being pushed out, thus facilitating the subsequent supplement and addition to the composting area.

[0049] As Figure 2 shown:

[0050] A contact switch capable of connecting the pressing plate 220, the upper pushing plate 110 and the control switch 211 is provided on the right side of the push cover 210. The contact point of the contact switch is arranged on the right side inside the box body 000. Thus, when the pushing device 200 moves to the left end, the contact switch is disconnected. At this time, both the electric push rod A and the electric push rod B are powered off and in the shortened state, so as to avoid the situation that the upper pushing plate 110 is located at the upper end and the organic waste cannot be put in, and at the same time avoid the interference between the pressing plate 220 and the sterilization device 100 caused by the accidental fall of the pressing plate 220; when the pushing device 200 moves to the right end, the contact switch is connected. At this time, the position states of the pressing plate 220 and the upper pushing plate 110 can be controlled through the control switch 211.

[0051] As Figure 6 shown:

[0052] A prompt component 212 is further provided on the push cover 210. The prompt component 212 is an indicator light or an electronic display screen with at least three colors, so as to be able to judge the position states of the upper pushing plate 110 and the pressing plate 220 by observing the prompt component 212, and avoid the interference between the pressing plate 220 and the outer baffle box 120 when moving the pushing device 200.

[0053] An organic fertilizer preparation method, the method comprising the following steps:

[0054] a: Put the organic waste into the inner part of the outer baffle box 120, and pull the push cover 210 to the right to move the pressing plate 220 to the upper side of the outer baffle box 120;

[0055] b: Lower the pressing plate 220 to press the organic waste, so that the liquid component and the solid component in the organic waste are separated and fall into the material collection pool 010;

[0056] c: Start the heating device to heat the solid organic waste and the liquid organic waste respectively;

[0057] d: Raise the outer baffle box 120 and push the solid organic waste and the pressing plate 220 upward;

[0058] e: Pull the push cover 210 to the left to make the solid organic waste fall into the material collection pool 010;

[0059] f: Mix and crush the solid organic waste and the liquid organic waste through the crushing knife 020, and push out the crushed organic waste to complete the pretreatment of the organic waste;

[0060] g: Put the pretreated organic waste into the fermentation tank until the preparation of the organic fertilizer by fermentation is completed.

Claims

1. An organic fertilizer preparation device, characterized in that, It includes a box body. There is a material receiving pool fixedly connected to the lower side inside the box body. A sterilization device is installed on the upper right side of the material receiving pool. A crushing knife is rotatably connected to the upper left side of the material receiving pool. There is a pushing device slidably connected to the upper side inside the box body; the sterilization device includes an upper pushing plate which is slidably connected to the box body. An outer blocking box is sleeved outside the upper pushing plate. The outer blocking box is fixedly connected to the material receiving pool. A screen is fixedly connected to the inner side of the outer blocking box; the pushing device includes a pushing cover which is slidably connected to the upper side of the box body. A pressing plate is slidably connected to the lower side of the pushing cover. A control switch capable of respectively controlling the actions of the pressing plate and the upper pushing plate is installed on the pushing cover. Heating devices are installed inside the pressing plate, inside the upper pushing plate and inside the material receiving pool.

2. The organic fertilizer preparation device according to claim 1, characterized in that: The pushing device further includes a horizontal pushing plate which is fixedly connected to the lower side of the pushing cover. The lower side surface of the horizontal pushing plate is flush with the upper side surface of the outer blocking box.

3. The organic fertilizer preparation equipment according to claim 2, characterized in that: A card slot corresponding to the horizontal pushing plate is arranged on the upper side of the pressing plate.

4. The organic fertilizer preparation equipment according to claim 3, characterized in that: A heating pool is arranged on the right side of the material receiving pool. A blocking door is slidably connected to the heating pool. A pulling device is fixedly connected to the upper side of the blocking door. The pulling device includes a pulling belt and a plurality of positioning columns. All the plurality of positioning columns are fixedly connected to the side surface of the box body. One end of the pulling belt is fixedly connected to the blocking door. The other end of the pulling belt sequentially passes through the positioning columns and is fixedly connected to a pushing block. A side pushing block corresponding to the pushing block is arranged on the side surface of the horizontal pushing plate.

5. The organic fertilizer preparation device according to claim 4, characterized in that: There are two pulling devices, and two corresponding side pushing blocks are also arranged. The two pushing blocks are respectively fixedly connected to the left and right sides of the blocking door.

6. The organic fertilizer preparation device according to claim 1, characterized in that: The outer blocking box includes side box walls. A plurality of side flow ports are opened on the lower side of the side box walls. A fixing ring is detachably and fixedly connected to the upper side of the side box walls. An inner inserting ring is arranged between the side box walls and the fixing ring. The upper edge of the screen is clamped between the side box walls and the inner side of the inner inserting ring.

7. The organic fertilizer preparation device according to claim 1, characterized in that: The crushing knife is a crusher blade including a moving knife and a fixed knife.

8. The organic fertilizer preparation device according to claim 1, characterized in that: A contact switch capable of connecting the pressing plate, the upper pushing plate and the control switch is arranged on the right side of the pushing cover. The contact point of the contact switch is arranged on the right side inside the box body.

9. The organic fertilizer preparation equipment according to claim 8, wherein: A prompting component is also arranged on the pushing cover.

10. A method for preparing an organic fertilizer, characterized in that: This method uses an organic fertilizer preparation device described in any one of claims 5-9 to perform pretreatment of organic waste, including the following steps: a: Put the organic waste into the inside of the outer blocking box. Pull the pushing cover to the right to move the pressing plate to the upper side of the outer blocking box; b: Lower the pressing plate and press the organic waste to separate the liquid component and the solid component in the organic waste and make them fall into the inside of the material receiving pool; c: Start the heating devices to heat the solid organic waste and the liquid organic waste respectively; d: Raise the outer blocking box and push the solid organic waste and the pressing plate to rise; e: Pull the pushing cover to the left to make the solid organic waste fall into the inside of the material receiving pool; f: Mix and crush the solid organic waste and the liquid organic waste through the crushing knife and push out the crushed organic waste to complete the pretreatment of the organic waste; g: Put the pretreated organic waste into the fermentation pool until the preparation of the organic fertilizer by fermentation is completed.

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