Charging system and charging method

Abstract

The embodiment of the invention provides a charging system and a charging method, and relates to the field of electric vehicle charging, the system comprises a charging pile, a charging gun and a cable assembly, the charging pile comprises a first area and a second area which are arranged at an interval, the first area is used for accommodating a first device, and the first area is filled with a first liquid cooling working medium; the first device is immersed in the first liquid cooling working medium, the second area comprises a first flow channel, the first flow channel is filled with a second liquid cooling working medium, and the second liquid cooling working medium is used for exchanging heat with the first liquid cooling working medium; the charging gun comprises a third area, and the third area is filled with a first liquid cooling working medium; the charging pile is electrically connected with the charging gun through a cable assembly, the cable assembly comprises a first liquid cooling pipeline, and the first area and the third area are communicated through the first liquid cooling pipeline to form a second flow channel. According to the system, an immersion liquid cooling mode is combined with two-stage liquid cooling, so that the high-rate charging cooling efficiency of the charging system is efficiently improved.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This application relates to the technical field of electric vehicle charging, and particularly to a charging system and a charging method. Background Art

[0002] As the charging power of new energy vehicles continues to increase, the charging piles used to charge the batteries of new energy vehicles usually require high-rate charging. In the case of high-rate charging, the temperature rise rate of the battery will be relatively fast, and the heat of the charging pile will also increase significantly, which is likely to trigger thermal protection, limit the charging power, and thus affect the charging efficiency. Summary of the Invention

[0003] Embodiments of this application provide a charging system and a charging method to improve the cooling efficiency of the charging system during high-rate charging.

[0004] In a first aspect, an embodiment of this application provides a charging system, including:

[0005] A charging pile, the charging pile includes a first area and a second area arranged at intervals, the first area is used to accommodate a first device, the first area is filled with a first liquid cooling working medium, the first liquid cooling working medium submerges the first device, the second area includes a first flow channel, the first flow channel is filled with a second liquid cooling working medium, and the second liquid cooling working medium is used to exchange heat with the first liquid cooling working medium;

[0006] A charging gun, the charging gun includes a third area, and the third area is filled with the first liquid cooling working medium;

[0007] A cable assembly, the charging pile and the charging gun are electrically connected through the cable assembly, the cable assembly includes a first liquid cooling pipeline, and the first area and the third area are connected through the first liquid cooling pipeline to form a second flow channel.

[0008] In some embodiments, the charging pile further includes a fourth area, the fourth area is arranged at intervals from the second area, the fourth area is a low-voltage area, the first area is a high-voltage area, the fourth area and the first area are hermetically isolated from each other, the fourth area is used to accommodate a second device, and the operating voltage corresponding to the first device is higher than the operating voltage corresponding to the second device.

[0009] In some embodiments, the first device includes a charging module, the charging module is electrically connected to the cable assembly, and is configured to output charging power to the battery assembly. The second device includes a control module, the control module is electrically connected to the charging module, and is configured to control the charging of the charging module, determine a temperature control strategy based on the charging state of the charging module, and adjust the parameters of the first flow channel and the second flow channel based on the temperature control strategy to control the temperatures of the charging module, the cable assembly, and the charging gun.

[0010] In some embodiments, the first flow channel is further connected to an external heat exchange device, and the control module is further configured to adjust the charging strategy of the charging module when the temperature fluctuation of the battery assembly exceeds a preset threshold.

[0011] In some embodiments, the first region includes a heat conducting structure, the heat conducting structure is in contact with the first liquid cooling working medium, and a heat exchanger pump is arranged between the first region and the first flow channel.

[0012] In some embodiments, the third region includes a heat conducting layer, and the heat conducting layer is in contact with the first liquid cooling working medium.

[0013] In some embodiments, the shape of the first flow channel is an asymmetric serpentine shape.

[0014] In some embodiments, the first liquid cooling working medium is configured as a nanofluid, and the second liquid cooling working medium is configured as a phase change material.

[0015] In a second aspect, an embodiment of the present application further provides a charging method, which is applied to a control module in a charging system. The charging system includes a charging pile, a charging gun, and a cable assembly. The charging pile includes a first region and a second region arranged at intervals. The first region is used to accommodate a charging module. The charging module is electrically connected to the cable assembly and the control module respectively, and is configured to output charging power to a battery assembly. The first region is filled with a first liquid cooling working medium, and the first liquid cooling working medium submerges the charging module. The second region includes a first flow channel, and the first flow channel is filled with a second liquid cooling working medium, and the second liquid cooling working medium is used to exchange heat with the first liquid cooling working medium. The charging gun includes a third region, and the third region is filled with the first liquid cooling working medium. The charging pile is electrically connected to the charging gun through the cable assembly. The cable assembly includes a first liquid cooling pipeline, and the first region and the third region are connected and communicated through the first liquid cooling pipeline to form a second flow channel;

[0016] The method includes:

[0017] Controlling the charging of the charging module, and determining a temperature control strategy based on the charging state of the charging module;

[0018] Adjust the parameters of the first flow channel and the second flow channel based on the temperature control strategy to control the temperatures of the charging module, the cable assembly, and the charging gun.

[0019] In some embodiments, the first flow channel is further connected to an external heat exchange device; the method further includes:

[0020] When the temperature fluctuation of the battery assembly exceeds a preset threshold, adjust the charging strategy of the charging module.

[0021] In the embodiments of the present application, the first liquid cooling working medium respectively submerges the first device, the third area of the cable assembly and the charging gun, uses the first liquid cooling working medium in the second flow channel to exchange heat with the charging gun, the first device and the cable assembly, and uses the second liquid cooling working medium in the first flow channel to exchange heat with the first liquid cooling working medium, so as to realize the efficient improvement of the high-rate charging cooling efficiency of the charging system through the immersion liquid cooling method combined with two-stage liquid cooling. Description of the Drawings

[0022] To more clearly illustrate the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present application, the following will briefly introduce the drawings required for the description of the embodiments. Obviously, the drawings in the following description are only some embodiments of the present application, and those skilled in the art can obtain other drawings based on these drawings without creative efforts.

[0023] To more fully understand the present application and its beneficial effects, the following will be described in conjunction with the drawings, where the same reference numerals in the following description represent the same parts.

[0024] Figure 1 Schematic diagram of the application scenario of the charging system according to the embodiments of the present application;

[0025] Figure 2 Schematic diagram of the overall structure of the charging system according to the embodiments of the present application;

[0026] Figure 3 For Figure 2 Schematic diagram of the A-A cross-sectional structure of the charging pile in

[0027] Figure 4 Schematic diagram of the cooling channel corresponding to the charging system of the present application;

[0028] Figure 5 For Figure 2 Schematic diagram of a partial structure example of the charging gun in

[0029] Figure 6 Schematic diagram of the process of the charging system according to the embodiments of the present application for charging the battery assembly;

[0030] Figure 7Schematic diagram of the overall process of the charging method according to the embodiment of the present application.

[0031] Description of reference numerals:

[0032] 10 - Charging pile; 11 - First area; 111 - First device; 112 - First liquid cooling working medium; 113 - Heat conduction structure; 12 - Second area; 121 - First flow channel; 13 - Fourth area; 131 - Second device; 20 - Charging gun; 21 - Third area; 22 - Plug-in pair; 23 - Sealing surface; 24 - Limiting surface; 25 - Temperature sensor; 30 - Cable assembly; 31 - First liquid cooling pipeline; 40 - External heat exchange device; 50 - Heat exchanger pump; 60 - Second flow channel; 70 - Substation; 71 - Second liquid cooling pipeline; 711 - Three-way valve; 712 - First driving pump; 72 - High-voltage connection pipeline; 80 - Distribution unit; 90 - Liquid cooling main engine room. Detailed implementation manners

[0033] Next, the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present application will be clearly and completely described in conjunction with the accompanying drawings in the embodiments of the present application. Obviously, the described embodiments are only a part of the embodiments of the present application, rather than all of the embodiments. Based on the embodiments in the present application, all other embodiments obtained by those skilled in the art without creative efforts fall within the protection scope of the present application.

[0034] In the embodiments of the present application, "at least one" means one or more; "a plurality" means two or more. In the description of the present application, terms such as "first", "second", and "third" are only used for the purpose of distinguishing descriptions, and cannot be understood as indicating or implying relative importance, nor can they be understood as indicating or implying order.

[0035] The reference to "an implementation manner" or "some implementation manners" etc. described in this specification means that specific features, structures, or characteristics described in combination with the embodiment are included in one or more implementation manners of the present application. Thus, the terms "include", "comprise", "have" and their variants in this specification all mean "including but not limited to", unless otherwise particularly emphasized in other ways.

[0036] It should be noted that in the embodiments of the present application, "and / or" describes the association relationship of associated objects, indicating that three relationships may exist. For example, A and / or B may represent: A exists alone, A and B exist simultaneously, and B exists alone. In addition, the character " / ", unless otherwise specified, generally represents an "or" relationship between the front and rear associated objects.

[0037] It should be noted that in the embodiments of the present application, "connection" can be understood as electrical connection. The connection between two electrical components can be a direct or indirect connection between the two electrical components. For example, when A is connected to B, it can be a direct connection between A and B, or an indirect connection between A and B through one or more other electrical components.

[0038] As the charging power of new energy vehicles continues to increase, the charging piles used to charge the batteries of new energy vehicles usually require high-rate (≥4C, which means the charging current is greater than or equal to 4 times the rated capacity of the battery) charging. The traditional cooling methods mainly use air cooling or single-stage liquid cooling. However, this method cools slowly under high-rate charging conditions, resulting in a relatively fast temperature rise rate of the battery and a significant increase in the heat of the charging pile, which is likely to trigger thermal protection, limit the charging power, and thus affect the charging efficiency. Moreover, the charging gun and the cable assembly also generate serious heat under high-current (such as ≥500A) working conditions. Therefore, in the case of poor cooling effect, the charging pile needs to frequently reduce the power, further affecting the charging efficiency.

[0039] In addition, in the traditional cooling system, the air-cooling method has the problem of low efficiency. The single-stage liquid-cooling method mainly uses natural cooling or liquid-cooled tube cooling, with low cooling efficiency. The liquid-cooled tube cooling also forms condensate, posing a safety hazard. In addition, there is also the problem that the unreasonable pipeline layout is likely to cause uneven heat dissipation. The overall cooling system has a slow response speed, cannot match the dynamic temperature rise requirements of the battery, and cannot adjust the cooling strategy in combination with the real-time temperature and charging state of the battery, resulting in low cooling efficiency.

[0040] In view of this, the embodiments of the present application provide a charging system and a charging method, which can efficiently improve the cooling efficiency of high-rate charging of the charging system through the immersion liquid-cooling method combined with two-stage liquid cooling, and can also flexibly determine the temperature control strategy according to the actual charging state, so as to solve at least part of the above technical problems.

[0041] Please refer to Figure 1 , Figure 1Schematic diagram of the application scenario of the charging system according to the embodiments of the present application. The charging system can be connected to an external substation 70. The substation 70 is connected to the charging system through a high-voltage connection system and a water-cooling connection system respectively. The high-voltage connection system includes a distribution unit 80 (Cabinet Distribution Unit, CDU), and the distribution unit 80 is used to distribute electric energy to each charging system through a high-voltage connection pipeline 72. The water-cooling connection system includes a liquid-cooling main engine room 90 and a second liquid-cooling pipeline 71 connected to the liquid-cooling main engine room 90. The liquid-cooling main engine room 90 is connected to the substation 70, and the second liquid-cooling pipeline 71 leads to each charging system. The second liquid-cooling pipeline 71 is filled with a liquid-cooling working medium. A three-way valve 711 and a first driving pump 712 are provided on the second liquid-cooling pipeline 71. The three-way valve 711 is used to control the flow direction of the liquid-cooling working medium, and the first driving pump 712 is used to drive the flow of the liquid-cooling working medium. The charging system is used to charge electric vehicles. Exemplarily, the liquid-cooling working medium can be set according to the requirements of the charging system. The first driving pump 712 can adopt a magnetic-drive centrifugal pump. Since the application of liquid-cooling technology in the field of heat dissipation in modern data centers has shown a significant growth trend, the driving pump, as the "heart" of the liquid-cooling system, can drive the liquid-cooling working medium to perform forced convection in a closed pipeline through a precisely designed hydrodynamic mechanism, thereby constructing an efficient heat exchange cycle system. In this way, by precisely controlling the flow rate and pressure, the system reliability is increased by 40%, and the energy efficiency ratio is optimized by up to 30%, with better effects.

[0042] In the embodiments of the present application, the configuration of the driving pump can adopt a "built-in integration + external expansion" dual-mode design. In some cases, the pump body can be embedded in the CDU module to reduce the failure nodes and improve the system compactness. In special scenarios such as ultra-fast charging, an external pump group can be used to cope with the requirements of ultra-large flow rate (>500m 3 / h) or corrosive media. The selection needs to comprehensively consider parameters such as the heat load density (up to 200W / cm 2 ), the conductivity of the coolant, and the maintenance cycle, and determine the optimal configuration in combination with digital twin simulation. This modular design makes the immersion system have both high reliability (MTBF>50000 hours) and scenario adaptability, and supports gradient applications from edge computing to ultra-large-scale data centers, where MTBF refers to Mean Time Between Failures, that is, the average time between failures.

[0043] Please refer to Figure 2 and Figure 3 , Figure 2 which is the overall structural schematic diagram of the charging system according to the embodiments of the present application, Figure 3 and Figure 2Schematic cross-sectional structure diagram of the charging pile along A-A. The charging system according to the embodiment of the present application includes a charging pile 10, a charging gun 20, and a cable assembly 30. The charging pile 10 is electrically connected to the charging gun 20 through the cable assembly 30. The charging pile 10 includes a first area 11 and a second area 12 arranged at intervals. The first area 11 is used to accommodate a first device 111. The first area 11 is filled with a first liquid cooling working medium 112, and the first liquid cooling working medium 112 submerges the first device 111. The second area 12 includes a first flow channel 121, and the first flow channel 121 is filled with a second liquid cooling working medium, and the second liquid cooling working medium is used for heat exchange with the first liquid cooling working medium 112. The charging gun 20 includes a third area 21, and the third area 21 is filled with the first liquid cooling working medium 112. The cable assembly 30 includes a first liquid cooling pipeline 31, and the first area 11 and the third area 21 are connected through the first liquid cooling pipeline 31 to form a second flow channel 60.

[0044] In the embodiment of the present application, the electrical connection includes wired connection and wireless connection. The embodiment of the present application does not make specific limitations on this, and will not be elaborated further later.

[0045] Specifically, the charging gun 20 is an interface device connecting the charging pile 10 and the vehicle, and is used to transfer electric energy from the charging pile 10 to the battery assembly of the vehicle. The charging pile 10 can be connected to a substation 70 and is used to provide power and manage the charging process to transfer electric energy to the electric vehicle. The cable assembly 30 is used for electric energy transmission between the charging pile 10 and the charging gun 20. Exemplarily, the first area 11 and the second area 12 can be arranged along the first direction X. For example, the first area 11 can be located on the front of the charging pile 10, and the second area 12 can be located on the back of the charging pile 10.

[0046] In some examples, micro heat pipes can be arranged in the first flow channel 121, and phase change materials are coupled through the micro heat pipes for cooling. A second driving pump can be arranged in the second flow channel 60, and the second driving pump is used to drive the first liquid cooling working medium 112 to flow in the second flow channel 60. A third driving pump is arranged in the first flow channel 121, and the third driving pump is used to drive the second liquid cooling working medium to flow in the first flow channel 121. Exemplarily, the second driving pump can be set as a seal-less magnetic pump, and its zero-leakage characteristic is adapted to low-viscosity media such as mineral oil or fluorinated liquid. The third driving pump can be set as a magnetic-driven centrifugal pump, and its precise pressure control can better match the micro-channel heat dissipation structure.

[0047] In some examples, the shape of the first flow channel 121 can be an asymmetric serpentine shape. The asymmetric serpentine shape represents a special fluid channel design, and its core feature is to break the regularity of the traditional symmetric serpentine flow channel by setting an asymmetric geometric structure (such as changing the turning angle, channel width, path spacing, etc.). In this way, the flow resistance can be further reduced, and the heat dissipation uniformity can be improved.

[0048] In some examples, the charging pile 10 may further include a fourth area 13, which is arranged at an interval from the second area 12. The fourth area 13 is a low-voltage area, and the first area 11 is a high-voltage area. The fourth area 13 and the first area 11 are hermetically isolated from each other. The fourth area 13 is used to accommodate the second device 131, and the operating voltage corresponding to the first device 111 is higher than the operating voltage corresponding to the second device 131. That is to say, the first device 111 may be a high-voltage device, and the second device 131 may be a low-voltage device. Exemplarily, the first area 11 and the fourth area 13 may be arranged along the second direction Y. For example, the first area 11 may be located at the bottom of the front of the charging pile 10, and the fourth area 13 may be located at the top of the front of the charging pile 10. Wherein, the second direction Y intersects with the first direction X. The first area 11 and the fourth area 13 may be hermetically isolated from each other. For example, a high-low voltage isolation board may be arranged between the first area 11 and the fourth area 13. In this way, the effect of separating high- and low-voltage devices can be better achieved, and better sealing and signal interference prevention can be achieved. Furthermore, it is convenient to adopt different temperature control methods according to the different characteristics of high- and low-voltage devices.

[0049] In some examples, the first liquid cooling working medium 112 may be configured as a nanofluid, and the second liquid cooling working medium may be configured as a phase change material.

[0050] Specifically, the nanofluid may be a high thermal conductivity nanofluid, such as an alumina nanoparticle suspension, whose components include deionized water base liquid, 10-15wt% Al2O3 nanoparticles and anti-corrosion additives, and its thermal conductivity may be greater than or equal to 1.5W / m·K (watts per meter per kelvin) to improve the influence of insufficient thermal conductivity of the cooling medium on the cooling effect. The high thermal conductivity nanofluid submerges the first device 111 and can directly control the temperature of the first device 111. In this way, the high-voltage device adopts the immersion liquid cooling method, which can better perform heat exchange.

[0051] In addition to directly cooling the first device 111, the high thermal conductivity nanofluid also exchanges heat with the cable assembly 30 through the first liquid cooling pipeline 31 and directly cools the devices in the third area 21 to realize the temperature control of the first device 111, the cable assembly 30 and the charging gun 20, and then form a primary temperature control cycle of the charging system, that is, the internal cycle. Wherein, the first liquid cooling pipeline 31 may submerge at least part of the cable assembly 30, for example, it may completely cover the cable assembly 30. The embodiments of the present application do not make specific limitations on this. In this way, the purpose of rapid cooling can be achieved, which is more efficient than the existing cooling and more suitable for the scenario of high-rate fast charging.

[0052] Phase Change Materials (PCM) refer to materials that can change their physical state (usually from solid to liquid or from liquid to solid) by absorbing or releasing heat within a specific temperature range. Through the change of physical state, heat exchange with the first liquid cooling medium 112 can be achieved. Subsequently, the phase change material exchanges heat with the external heat exchange device 40, thereby forming a secondary temperature control cycle of the charging system, i.e., the external cycle.

[0053] Exemplarily, during the charging process when the charging gun 20 is connected to the battery assembly for charging, the first liquid cooling medium 112 in the third region 21 can absorb the heat generated by charging, the first liquid cooling medium 112 in the first liquid cooling pipeline 31 will absorb the heat generated by the cable assembly 30, and the first liquid cooling medium 112 in the first region 11 will absorb the heat generated by the first device 111. Finally, the first liquid cooling medium 112 transfers the heat to the second liquid cooling medium through heat exchange with the second liquid cooling medium for heat dissipation.

[0054] It should be noted that the temperature control in the embodiments of the present application includes cooling and heating. For the convenience of description, hereinafter, unless otherwise specified, cooling will be taken as an example for description.

[0055] In some examples, the first device 111 may include a charging module, which is electrically connected to the cable assembly 30 and is used to output charging power to the battery assembly. The second device 131 may include a control module, which is electrically connected to the charging module and is used to control the charging of the charging module, determine the temperature control strategy based on the charging state of the charging module, and adjust the parameters of the first flow channel 121 and the second flow channel 60 based on the temperature control strategy to control the temperatures of the charging module, the cable assembly 30, and the charging gun 20. The control module can also be used to calculate the charging time, power, and cost. The second device 131 may further include a display module, a human-machine interaction module, and a low-voltage communication module. Among them, the charging module may include a high-voltage copper bar and related devices. The low-voltage communication module is used to collect information and display it on the display module, and can also be used to confirm the temperature of the battery assembly and the maximum charging capacity of the charging and discharging temperature. The human-machine interaction module is used to communicate and handshake with the battery assembly and respond to the user's interaction operations. The display module may include a display interface for displaying corresponding information through the display interface.

[0056] Specifically, the charging module can realize the linkage between the charging curve and the temperature control strategy based on the electrochemistry-thermal model. Among them, the "electrochemistry-thermal model", "charging curve", and "temperature control strategy" can be matched with the optimal "temperature control strategy" by the control module through communication according to the characteristics of the battery module and the capabilities of the charging pile 10, so as to complete the charging task in the optimal time. The charging state of the charging module can include the output power and the current temperature. The parameters of the first flow channel 121 include parameters such as the flow rate and velocity of the second liquid cooling medium, and the parameters of the second flow channel 60 include parameters such as the flow rate and velocity of the first liquid cooling medium 112. Specifically, the parameters of the first flow channel 121 and the second flow channel 60 can be adjusted by adjusting the parameters of the corresponding drive pump.

[0057] In some examples, the first region 11 may include a heat conduction structure 113, and the heat conduction structure 113 is in contact with the first liquid cooling medium 112 for dissipating heat from the first liquid cooling medium 112. A heat exchanger pump 50 may also be provided between the first region 11 and the first flow channel 121, and the heat exchanger pump 50 is used to achieve heat exchange between the first region 11 and the second liquid cooling medium in the first flow channel 121. Exemplarily, the heat conduction structure 113 may be a heat conduction plate, and its heat dissipation density may be greater than or equal to 200 W / cm 2 . In this way, the heat of the high thermal conductivity nanofluid inside can be quickly conducted to the external cycle for heat exchange, thereby improving the heat dissipation efficiency.

[0058] Please refer to Figure 4 , Figure 4 which is a schematic diagram of the cooling channel corresponding to the charging system of the present application. In the embodiment of the present application, the third region 21 of the charging gun 20 is connected to the first region 11 through the first liquid cooling pipeline 31 to form a second flow channel 60, and the second flow channel 60 is used to dissipate heat from the charging module, the cable assembly 30, and the charging gun 20. The second region 12 includes a first flow channel 121, and heat exchange can be carried out between the first region 11 and the first flow channel 121 through the heat conduction structure 113 and the heat exchanger pump 50.

[0059] In some examples, the first flow channel 121 may also be connected to an external heat exchange device 40. The second liquid cooling working medium in the first flow channel 121 and the external heat exchange device 40 may be connected through a fourth liquid cooling pipeline, and the fourth liquid cooling pipeline is used to fill the fourth liquid cooling working medium. Exemplarily, the fourth liquid cooling working medium may be cooling water or other cooling media, and the embodiments of the present application do not make specific limitations thereto. In some cases, the fourth liquid cooling pipeline may be closed to enable the second liquid cooling working medium to dissipate heat normally. When the temperature of the charging gun 20, the cable assembly 30, or the charging pile 10 is relatively high, there are several reasons for analyzing the inability to cool down: ① The itself ability exceeds the set value, ② The cooling rate does not meet the requirements (waterway blockage), ③ Other problems with the structural components, ④ Insufficient heat exchange of the charging pile 10. For ② and ④, it is possible to first confirm whether the deviation between the cooling rate and the theoretical simulation is too large. If so, it indicates that the current cooling effect needs to be enhanced. At this time, the fourth liquid cooling pipeline can be controlled to be opened so that the second liquid cooling working medium exchanges heat with the external heat exchange device 40, thereby enhancing the cooling rate of the second liquid cooling working medium and further enhancing the cooling effect of the charging gun 20, the cable assembly 30, or the charging pile 10.

[0060] In some examples, the control module is further configured to adjust the charging strategy of the charging module when the temperature fluctuation of the battery assembly exceeds a preset threshold. Specifically, the preset threshold may be set to 45 °C. The control module can monitor the temperature of the battery assembly in real time. When the temperature fluctuation of the battery assembly exceeds the preset threshold, the charging strategy of the charging module is adjusted, such as restricting the charging current of the charging module, in order to expect to reduce the temperature fluctuation of the battery assembly.

[0061] Specifically, based on the cooling channels corresponding to the charging system according to the embodiments of the present application, the control module can collect the BMS (Battery Management System) data of the battery assembly to monitor the temperature gradient ΔT of the battery assembly in real time, for example, the temperature gradient ΔT ≤ 2 °C. The control module can also dynamically adjust the charging parameters of the charging module through the PID control algorithm to ensure that the temperature of the battery assembly is less than or equal to 45 °C.

[0062] In some examples, the temperature control strategies determined by the control module may include two types. One is to start the internal circulation alone, that is, to start the second flow channel 60 alone to dissipate heat from the first device 111, the cable assembly 30, and the charging gun 20 alone; the other is to start the internal circulation and the external circulation simultaneously, that is, to start the first flow channel 121 and the second flow channel 60 simultaneously to cool the charging pile 10, the cable assembly 30, and the charging gun 20. In this way, the temperature control strategy can be flexibly selected according to the actual charging state and the temperature control state.

[0063] Please refer to Figure 5 , Figure 5 For Figure 2Schematic diagram of a partial structure example of a charging gun in FIG. Exemplarily, the charging gun 20 may include a plug-in 22, a sealing surface 23, a limit surface 24, and a temperature sensor 25. The plug-in 22 includes a positive electrode and a negative electrode. The plug-in 22 is used to connect a battery assembly. The temperature sensor 25 is used to detect the temperature of the charging gun 20.

[0064] In some examples, the third region 21 inside the charging gun 20 may include a heat conductive layer, which is in contact with the first liquid cooling medium 112. Exemplarily, the heat conductive layer may be a copper-graphene sintered body, the porosity may be less than or equal to 5%, and the thermal conductivity may be greater than or equal to 500 W / m·K, so that it can better cooperate with the liquid cooling pipeline to achieve the goal of a contact surface temperature difference of ≤3°C.

[0065] See also Figure 6 , Figure 6 The figure is a flow chart of charging the battery pack by the charging system of the embodiment of the present application. For example, after the charging gun 20 is physically connected to the battery pack, that is, after the gun is plugged in, the charging pile 10 is powered on with low voltage assistance, and communicates and shakes hands with the battery pack to configure the parameters of the battery pack, and then the charging pile 10 starts charging. During the charging process, the charging pile 10 monitors the state of the battery pack (including the temperature and SOC of the battery cell, etc.) and the state of the charging pile 10 itself (including SOC, current, temperature, etc.) in real time, and is linked with the cooling strategy to continuously charge the battery pack. When the temperature fluctuation of the battery pack exceeds the preset threshold, the fourth liquid cooling pipeline can be started to allow the second liquid cooling medium to exchange heat with the external heat exchange device 40. After charging stops, the physical connection between the charging gun 20 and the battery pack is disconnected to complete charging.

[0066] It can be understood that when both the internal circulation and the external circulation are turned on, the overall heat conduction process of the charging system of the embodiment of the present application includes: when charging, the heat of charging is transferred to the nanofluid, the heat of the nanofluid is transferred to the heat-conducting structure 113, the heat-conducting structure 113 transfers the heat of the nanofluid to the phase change material, and the phase change material exchanges heat with the outside to achieve cooling of each component.

[0067] The cooling system of the charging system of the embodiment of the present application was tested. Under high voltage and high current conditions, the phase change material was activated to absorb the heat of the gun tip when both the internal and external cycles were turned on. When the internal cycle was turned on, the nanofluid could maintain the temperature of the charging module less than or equal to the set temperature threshold. The temperature control strategy of the charging system of the embodiment of the present application was verified, simulating low or high temperature ambient temperatures. The system can control the temperature rise rate of the battery assembly within the set rate threshold through the preheating / cooling dual mode.

[0068] Through experiments, it is known that the charging system of the embodiment of the present application supports continuous high-rate charging, and the temperature rise can be less than or equal to the set temperature threshold. The system has high energy efficiency and can greatly improve the charging rate compared with traditional solutions. In addition, the protection level of the embodiment of the present application can adapt to all climate scenarios from low temperature to high temperature.

[0069] It should be noted that each level of the cycle in the charging system of the embodiment of the present application can not only be used to cool the charging gun 20, the cable assembly 30 and the charging module, but also be used to preheat these components. For example, the temperature of the second liquid cooling working medium can be increased by exchanging heat with the outside, and then the temperature of the first liquid cooling working medium 112 can be increased by exchanging heat with the first liquid cooling working medium 112, so as to realize the preheating of the charging gun 20, the cable assembly 30 and the charging module. This will not be elaborated here.

[0070] It can be understood that the charging system of the embodiment of the present application adopts a full liquid cooling technology. Through the method of liquid cooling charging pile 10 + liquid cooling charging gun 20 + two-stage cooling, the heat dissipation efficiency can be improved efficiently; by adopting the collaborative design of high thermal conductivity medium immersion and flow channels, the heat dissipation efficiency can be further improved efficiently. It can also combine the electrochemistry-thermal model to realize the linkage between the charging curve and the temperature control measurement, and realize the multi-physical field coupling control. In addition, when the temperature of the battery assembly exceeds the preset threshold, over-temperature protection can be started within three seconds, so as to achieve a fast response.

[0071] Correspondingly, the embodiment of the present application also provides a charging method, which is applied to the control module in the charging system of the embodiment of the present application. Please refer to Figure 7 , Figure 7 which is the overall flow schematic diagram of the charging method of the embodiment of the present application. Specifically, the method includes the following steps:

[0072] Step 701: Control the charging module to charge, and determine the temperature control strategy based on the charging state of the charging module.

[0073] Step 702: Adjust the parameters of the first flow channel 121 and the second flow channel 60 based on the temperature control strategy to control the temperatures of the charging module, the cable assembly 30 and the charging gun 20.

[0074] In some embodiments, the method further includes the following steps:

[0075] When the temperature fluctuation of the battery assembly exceeds the preset threshold, adjust the charging strategy of the charging module.

[0076] It can be understood that the method of the embodiment of the present application is applied to the charging system of the embodiment of the present application, and different temperature control strategies are determined based on the charging state of the charging module to control the temperatures of the charging module, the cable assembly 30 and the charging gun 20. Thus, through the immersion liquid cooling method combined with two-stage liquid cooling, the high-rate charging cooling efficiency of the charging system is effectively improved, the temperature control can be flexibly performed, the response speed is increased, the dynamic temperature rise requirements of the battery can be better matched, the cooling strategy is adjusted by combining the real-time temperature of the battery and the charging state, and further the cooling efficiency is improved.

[0077] In the above embodiments, the descriptions of the respective embodiments have their own emphases. For the parts not detailed in a certain embodiment, reference may be made to the relevant descriptions of other embodiments.

[0078] The above are only the preferred embodiments of the present application and do not impose any form of limitation on the present application. Although the present application has been disclosed above with the preferred embodiments, it is not intended to limit the present application. Any person skilled in the art can make some changes or modifications to the equivalent embodiments with equivalent changes within the scope of the technical solution of the present application. However, as long as it does not depart from the content of the technical solution of the present application, any brief modifications, equivalent changes and modifications made to the above embodiments based on the technical essence of the present application still fall within the scope of the technical solution of the present application.

Claims

1. A charging system, characterized in that, Comprising: A charging pile (10), the charging pile (10) includes a first area (11) and a second area (12) arranged at intervals, the first area (11) is used to accommodate a first device (111), the first area (11) is filled with a first liquid cooling working medium (112), the first liquid cooling working medium (112) submerges the first device (111), the second area (12) includes a first flow channel (121), the first flow channel (121) is filled with a second liquid cooling working medium, and the second liquid cooling working medium is used for heat exchange with the first liquid cooling working medium (112); A charging gun (20), the charging gun (20) includes a third area (21), and the third area (21) is filled with the first liquid cooling working medium (112); A cable assembly (30), the charging pile (10) and the charging gun (20) are electrically connected through the cable assembly (30), the cable assembly (30) includes a first liquid cooling pipeline (31), and the first area (11) and the third area (21) are connected and communicated through the first liquid cooling pipeline (31) to form a second flow channel (60).

2. The charging system according to claim 1, wherein The charging pile (10) further includes a fourth area (13), the fourth area (13) is arranged at intervals with the second area (12), the fourth area (13) is a low-voltage area, the first area (11) is a high-voltage area, the fourth area (13) and the first area (11) are hermetically isolated from each other, the fourth area (13) is used to accommodate a second device (131), and the working voltage corresponding to the first device (111) is higher than the working voltage corresponding to the second device (131).

3. The charging system according to claim 2, wherein The first device (111) includes a charging module, the charging module is electrically connected to the cable assembly (30), and is used to output charging power to the battery assembly. The second device (131) includes a control module, the control module is electrically connected to the charging module, and is used to control the charging of the charging module, determine a temperature control strategy based on the charging state of the charging module, and adjust the parameters of the first flow channel (121) and the second flow channel (60) based on the temperature control strategy to control the temperatures of the charging module, the cable assembly (30) and the charging gun (20).

4. The charging system according to claim 3, characterized in that, The first flow channel (121) is also connected to an external heat exchange device (40), and the control module is also used to adjust the charging strategy of the charging module when the temperature fluctuation of the battery assembly exceeds a preset threshold.

5. The charging system according to claim 1, wherein The first area (11) includes a heat conduction structure (113), the heat conduction structure (113) is in contact with the first liquid cooling working medium (112), and a heat exchanger pump (50) is arranged between the first area (11) and the first flow channel (121).

6. The charging system according to claim 1, wherein The third area (21) includes a heat conduction layer, and the heat conduction layer is in contact with the first liquid cooling working medium (112).

7. The charging system according to claim 1, wherein The shape of the first flow channel (121) is an asymmetric serpentine shape.

8. The charging system according to any one of claims 1 to 7, characterized in that, The first liquid cooling working medium (112) is configured as a nanofluid, and the second liquid cooling working medium is configured as a phase change material.

9. A charging method, characterized in that, A control module applied to a charging system, the charging system comprising a charging pile (10), a charging gun (20) and a cable assembly (30), the charging pile (10) comprising a first area (11) and a second area (12) arranged at intervals, the first area (11) being used for accommodating a charging module, the charging module being electrically connected to the cable assembly (30) and the control module respectively and being used for outputting charging power to a battery assembly, the first area (11) being filled with a first liquid cooling working medium (112), the first liquid cooling working medium (112) submerging the charging module, the second area (12) comprising a first flow channel (121), the first flow channel (121) being filled with a second liquid cooling working medium, the second liquid cooling working medium being used for exchanging heat with the first liquid cooling working medium (112), the charging gun (20) comprising a third area (21), the third area (21) being filled with the first liquid cooling working medium (112), the charging pile (10) being electrically connected to the charging gun (20) through the cable assembly (30), the cable assembly (30) comprising a first liquid cooling pipeline (31), the first area (11) and the third area (21) being connected and communicated through the first liquid cooling pipeline (31) to form a second flow channel (60); The method comprises: Controlling the charging of the charging module and determining a temperature control strategy based on the charging state of the charging module; Adjusting the parameters of the first flow channel (121) and the second flow channel (60) based on the temperature control strategy to control the temperatures of the charging module, the cable assembly (30) and the charging gun (20).

10. The charging method according to claim 9, wherein The first flow channel (121) is further connected to an external heat exchange device (40); the method further comprises: When the temperature fluctuation of the battery assembly exceeds a preset threshold, adjusting the charging strategy of the charging module.

Images