Construction method of ship sections

Abstract

The invention relates to the technical field of ship construction, and discloses a ship block construction method which comprises the following steps: S1, a plurality of straight steel plates are positioned and fixed on a pile type jig frame, and a butt joint seam is formed between every two adjacent straight steel plates; s2, welding of all the butt joints is completed through FGB-method single-face submerged arc welding, so that the multiple straight steel plates are fixedly connected to form a plate splicing piece; s3, assembling and welding a structural part on the jointed board part to form a flat and straight sheet body structure; s4, assembly of ship segments is completed on the straight sheet body structure; and S5, the ship segments are separated from the pile type jig frame. The construction process of the straight sheet body structure can be simplified, and the construction quality and the construction efficiency are effectively improved.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present invention relates to the technical field of shipbuilding, and in particular to a method for building ship sections. Background Art

[0002] In the construction of ship sections, submerged arc automatic welding is generally used for the butt welding of flat steel plates. After completing the butt welding of the plates and correcting the deformation, structural members are welded and installed to form a flat plate structure. Then, the flat plate structure is lifted onto a pile-type jig and temporarily welded and fixed firmly. Next, other plate structures are successively hoisted into place and welded to form a ship section. Finally, the temporary welding fixation is removed to separate the ship section from the pile-type jig, completing the construction of the ship section. The specific process is as follows: 1. Assemble and weld the front weld on the platform: On a flat ground or platform, assemble and position-weld the flat steel plates that have completed cutting to form a butt-welded plate. Place multiple weights on the flat steel plates to reduce the deformation during the welding process of the flat steel plates. Then, use submerged arc automatic welding to complete the welding construction of all the front welds of the butt joints on the butt-welded plate. 2. Weld and install lifting lugs: Weld multiple lifting lugs at the edges of the butt-welded plate to prepare for lifting and turning over the butt-welded plate. 3. Temporarily strengthen the front weld: To prevent the butt joint of the butt-welded plate perpendicular to the lifting direction from cracking or breaking during lifting (currently, only the front weld of the butt-welded plate is welded, and the other side is not welded yet. During lifting, the unwelded surface of the steel plate butt joint is in a tensile stress state, posing a risk of cracking or breaking), multiple temporary reinforcement plates need to be welded on the front of this type of butt joint. Among them, the temporary reinforcement plates are perpendicular to the butt joint of the flat steel plate and are welded and fixed to the adjacent two flat steel plates. 4. Turn over the butt-welded plate: First, lift all the weights off the butt-welded plate, then lift and turn over the butt-welded plate by 180 degrees and place it back in place. 5. Level, weight, and weld the butt-welded plate: Level the turned-over butt-welded plate (deal with the deformation generated during welding and turning over), then place multiple weights again and use submerged arc automatic welding to complete the welding of all the reverse welds of the butt joints on the butt-welded plate. 6. Weld and install structural members on the butt-welded plate to form a flat plate structure: Lift all the weights off the butt-welded plate, level the butt-welded plate that has completed all the butt joint welds again, and then weld and install all the structural members on the butt-welded plate to form a flat plate structure. 7. Prepare the pile-type jig: The pile-type jig is composed of multiple vertically arranged steel pipes or steel sections (such as angle steel, etc.) arranged regularly. Its lower end is firmly fixed to the ground structure, and the highest points (pile heads) of the upper ends of the piles of the pile-type jig are on the same horizontal plane. 8. Place the flat plate structure on the jig: Weld multiple temporary lifting lugs on the steel plate structure (ensure horizontal lifting and transfer of the structure), lift the flat plate structure onto the pile-type jig, remove all the lifting lugs, temporary lifting lugs of the structure, and temporary reinforcement plates on the butt-welded plate, and grind and repair the scars, and then temporarily weld and fix it to the pile head. 9. Weld and install other plate structures to form a ship section: Successively hoist other relevant plate structures of the ship section onto the flat plate structure and assemble, weld, and fix them. Then, symmetrically weld the welds between all the plate structures to form a ship section. 10. The ship section is completed and removed from the jig: Remove all the temporary fixed welds between the flat plate structure and the pile head, and lift the ship section off the jig.

[0003] The current construction process of ship sections has the following disadvantages: 1. When assembling flat steel plates, it is carried out on a platform or the ground. It cannot be temporarily fixed by multi-point temporary welding, but only by iron weights. The rigidity of the temporary fixation is insufficient, and the welding deformation generated during the welding process is large. 2. When welding the butt joints of flat steel plates, the iron weights need to be lifted and lowered twice (once for each side of the weld). There are many processes, and it occupies a lot of crane and iron weight resources. 3. When welding the butt joints of flat steel plates, welding on both sides is required. The preparation before welding and the number of welding times are many, the construction period is long, and the construction efficiency is low. 4. Since welding on both sides is required when welding the butt joints of flat steel plates, the following problems occur: when welding the front side first, the cross-sectional shape of the weld is asymmetric, the shrinkage of the welds on both sides of the steel plate is different, and a certain amount of deformation will also occur during the turning process of the butt joint parts. Before welding the reverse side weld, the butt joint parts need to be leveled, and there are many processes; the centers of the welds on both sides need to be strictly aligned. Otherwise, due to the misalignment of the centers of the welds on both sides, incomplete penetration defects will occur in the middle area of the weld, and the incomplete penetration defects are not easy to detect, posing a certain quality risk; when welding the reverse side later, there is only temporary fixation by iron weights, and the leveled butt joint parts will be deformed again, and leveling treatment needs to be carried out again, with many processes; multiple temporary turning lifting lugs need to be welded and removed on the butt joint parts. After the lifting lugs of the butt joint parts are used, the scars need to be repaired by welding and polished, with many processes; before turning the butt joint parts, temporary stiffening plates need to be welded and fixed on the butt joints perpendicular to the lifting direction. After turning, the temporary stiffening plates need to be removed and the scars need to be repaired and polished, with many processes; during the welding process, the butt joint parts need to be turned over. All butt joints are welded on only one side, and the temporary stiffening plates can only play a strengthening role to a certain extent. There are still safety risks and quality risks of cracking or breaking along the butt joints during the turning process of the steel plate butt joint parts, and the safety factor is low. Summary of the Invention

[0004] The technical problem to be solved by the present invention is to provide a construction method for ship sections that can simplify the construction process of flat sheet structures and improve the construction quality and efficiency.

[0005] To solve the above technical problems, the present invention provides a construction method for ship sections, including the following steps:

[0006] S1: Position and fix multiple flat steel plates on a pile-type jig, and a butt joint is formed between two adjacent flat steel plates;

[0007] S2: Complete the welding of all the butt joints by single-sided submerged arc welding using the FGB method, so that multiple flat steel plates are fixedly connected to form a butt joint part;

[0008] S3: Weld and install structural members on the butt joint part to form a flat sheet structure;

[0009] S4: Complete the assembly of the ship section on the flat sheet structure;

[0010] S5: Separate the ship section from the pile-type jig.

[0011] As a preferred embodiment of the present invention, in S2, before welding the butt joint, install a backing pad on the bottom surface of the butt joint. If the gap of the butt joint is greater than 1.5 mm, lay welding iron powder in the butt joint so that the welding iron powder fills the butt joint and is flush with the top surface of the flat steel plate; after completing the welding of the butt joint, remove the backing pad.

[0012] As a preferred embodiment of the present invention, in S3, during welding and assembly, first gradually complete the welding of all the fillet welds between the structural member and the panel member from the central area of the panel member to the surrounding areas, and then gradually complete the welding of all the flat fillet welds between the structural member and the panel member from the central area of the panel member to the surrounding areas.

[0013] As a preferred embodiment of the present invention, when welding the flat fillet welds between the structural member and the panel member, first adopt the intermittent welding method and gradually complete the welding of all the flat fillet welds between the structural member and the panel member from the central area of the panel member to the surrounding areas. Among them, during the welding process of the same flat fillet weld, there is an interval between adjacent two welding points to form an interval section; then gradually complete the welding of all the interval sections from the central area of the panel member to the surrounding areas.

[0014] As a preferred embodiment of the present invention, in S1, after the flat steel plate is positioned and placed on the pile-type jig, temporarily weld and fix the bottom of the flat steel plate to the pile head of the pile-type jig.

[0015] As a preferred embodiment of the present invention, in S5, after separating the ship section from the pile-type jig, repair weld and grind the scar at the temporary welding joint between the flat steel plate and the pile-type jig to be flat.

[0016] A construction method for a ship section according to an embodiment of the present invention, compared with the prior art, has the following beneficial effects: When assembling multiple flat steel plates, it is carried out on a pile-type jig, which can realize multi-point dispersed and uniform fixing of the flat steel plates, with good rigidity and uniformity of temporary fixing, small welding deformation during the welding process, and since the flat steel plates are fixed on the pile-type jig during the butt welding of the flat steel plates, there is no need to use iron weights, thus occupying less crane and iron weight resources; When welding the flat steel plates, the FGB method of single-sided submerged arc welding is adopted, only single-sided welding is required, with less preparation before welding and fewer welding times, short construction period, high construction efficiency, small difference in the shape and shrinkage of the welds on both sides, and the panel member does not need to be turned over, avoiding deformation during the turning-over process, and the quality of the panel is good. Description of the Drawings

[0017] Figure 1Schematic diagram of the flat steel plate of the present invention fixed on a pile-type jig;

[0018] Figure 2 Schematic diagram of the structural members of the present invention welded to the panel parts;

[0019] Figure 3 Schematic diagram of the construction of a ship sub-section on the flat plate structure of the present invention;

[0020] In the figure, flat steel plate 1; butt joint 11; pile-type jig 2; panel parts 3; structural members 4; flat plate structure 5. Detailed implementation manners

[0021] The following combines the drawings and embodiments to further describe in detail the specific implementation manners of the present invention. The following embodiments are used to illustrate the present invention, but are not used to limit the scope of the present invention.

[0022] In the description of the present invention, it should be understood that the orientation or positional relationship indicated by the terms "center", "longitudinal", "transverse", "upper", "lower", "front", "rear", "left", "right", "vertical", "horizontal", "top", "bottom", "inner", "outer", etc. in the present invention is based on the orientation or positional relationship shown in the drawings. It is only for the convenience of describing the present invention and simplifying the description, rather than indicating or implying that the device or element referred to must have a specific orientation, be constructed and operated in a specific orientation, and therefore cannot be understood as a limitation of the present invention. In addition, the terms "first", "second", "third" are only used for descriptive purposes and cannot be understood as indicating or implying relative importance.

[0023] A method for constructing a ship sub-section includes the following steps:

[0024] S1: As Figure 1 shown, after the flat steel plate 1 is cut to size, no groove needs to be opened. A plurality of flat steel plates 1 are positioned and fixed on the pile-type jig 2, and a butt joint 11 is formed between two adjacent flat steel plates 1;

[0025] S2: Use the FGB method of single-sided submerged arc welding to complete the welding of all butt joints 11, so that a plurality of flat steel plates 1 are fixedly connected to form panel parts 3, that is, a plurality of flat steel plates 1 are spliced to form panel parts 3;

[0026] S3: As Figure 2 shown, structural members 4 are welded to the panel parts 3 to form a flat plate structure 5. In this embodiment, the structural members 4 include a plurality of structural plates arranged vertically and horizontally;

[0027] S4: As Figure 3As shown, the assembly of the ship section is completed on the flat sheet structure 5, that is, other relevant sheet structures of the hull section are successively positioned and hoisted onto the flat sheet structure 5, and assembled and welded in place. Then, the welds between all sheet structures are symmetrically welded to form the ship section.

[0028] S5: Separate the ship section from the pile-type jig 2, that is, separate the flat steel plate 1 from the pile-type jig 2.

[0029] In this method, since the multi-piece flat steel plates are assembled on the pile-type jig, multi-point dispersed and uniform fixation of the flat steel plates can be achieved, with good rigidity and uniformity of temporary fixation, and small welding deformation during the welding process. When welding the flat steel plate splicing, no iron weights are required, that is, there is no need to lift and lower the iron weights, with fewer processes and less occupation of crane and iron weight resources. When welding the flat steel plate splicing, the FGB method of submerged arc welding on one side is used, only one-sided welding is required, with less pre-welding preparation and welding times, short construction period and high construction efficiency. The shape and shrinkage of the welds on both sides of the flat steel plate are less different, and the splicing parts do not need to be turned over, avoiding deformation during the turning process, with good splicing quality and fewer processes. It is not easy to produce incomplete penetration defects, and once incomplete penetration defects occur, they are easy to detect (exposed outside the butt joint, visible to the naked eye, and will be processed in time), with a high quality and safety factor. The splicing parts have firm and uniform temporary rigid fixation during the welding process, with small welding deformation of the splicing parts and no need for leveling treatment, with fewer processes. There is no need to install, weld and remove multiple temporary turning lifting lugs (lifting lugs for splicing parts), and there is no need to repair and grind the scars left after removing the lugs, with fewer processes. There is no need to install and remove temporary stiffeners and scar treatment, with fewer processes. During the welding process, there is no need to turn over the splicing parts, avoiding accidents such as cracking or breaking of the splicing parts along the butt joint during the turning process, with a high safety factor. Finally, the ship section is separated from the pile-type jig, and only one-time treatment of the temporary fixation scars (scars in the temporarily welded and fixed area between the ship section and the pile-type jig) is required during the construction of the ship section, with fewer processes and high efficiency.

[0030] Exemplarily, in S2, before welding the butt joint, install a gasket on the bottom surface of the butt joint. According to the gap condition of the butt joint, decide whether to lay welding iron powder. If the gap of the butt joint is greater than 1.5 mm, lay welding iron powder in the butt joint so that the welding iron powder fills the butt joint and is flush with the top surface of the flat steel plate, which helps to ensure continuous welding process and uniform weld formation. If the gap of the butt joint is less than or equal to 1.5 mm, there is no need to lay welding iron powder. After completing the welding of the butt joint, remove the gasket.

[0031] Exemplarily, in S3, during welding and assembly, first, starting from the central area of the spliced plate member and gradually moving towards the periphery, all the fillet welds between the structural member and the spliced plate member are welded, and then, starting from the central area of the spliced plate member and gradually moving towards the periphery, all the groove welds between the structural member and the spliced plate member are welded. Welding is carried out step by step for fixation, which is convenient for operation.

[0032] Exemplarily, when welding the groove welds between the structural member and the spliced plate member, first, in an intermittent welding manner, starting from the central area of the spliced plate member and gradually moving towards the periphery, all the groove welds between the structural member and the spliced plate member are welded. Among them, during the welding process of the same groove weld, there is an interval between adjacent two welds to form an interval section, and the length of each welded seam is about 300 - 500 mm, so as to avoid the accumulation and superposition of welding stress and welding deformation during continuous welding, which may cause excessive welding deformation; then, starting from the central area of the spliced plate member and gradually moving towards the periphery, all the interval sections are welded.

[0033] Exemplarily, in S1, after the flat steel plate is positioned and placed on the pile - type jig, the bottom of the flat steel plate is temporarily welded and fixed to the pile head of the pile - type jig, that is, the bottom of each flat steel plate is temporarily welded and fixed to the pile head supporting the flat steel plate, so as to achieve multi - point uniform rigid fixation of the spliced plate member and effectively reduce the deformation amount of the spliced plate member during welding.

[0034] Exemplarily, in S5, after the ship section is separated from the pile - type jig, the scars at the temporary welding joints between the bottom of the flat steel plate and the pile heads of the pile - type jig are repaired by welding and polished smoothly to ensure the flatness of the ship section.

[0035] The above - mentioned are only the preferred embodiments of the present invention. It should be noted that for those of ordinary skill in the art, without departing from the technical principle of the present invention, several improvements and replacements can be made, and these improvements and replacements should also be regarded as the protection scope of the present invention.

Claims

1. A construction method for a ship section, characterized in that: It includes the following steps: S1: Position and fix multiple flat steel plates on a pile-type jig, and a butt joint is formed between two adjacent flat steel plates; S2: Complete the welding of all the butt joints by single-sided submerged arc welding using the FGB method, so that multiple flat steel plates are fixedly connected to form a spliced plate member; S3: Weld and install structural members on the spliced plate member to form a flat sheet structure; S4: Complete the assembly of the ship section on the flat sheet structure; S5: Separate the ship section from the pile-type jig.

2. The construction method of the ship section according to claim 1, characterized in that: In S2, before welding the butt joint, install a backing pad on the bottom surface of the butt joint. If the gap of the butt joint is greater than 1.5 mm, lay welding iron powder in the butt joint so that the welding iron powder fills the butt joint and is flush with the top surface of the flat steel plate; after completing the welding of the butt joint, remove the backing pad.

3. The construction method of the ship section according to claim 1, characterized in that: In S3, when welding and installing, first gradually complete the welding of all the fillet welds between the structural members and the spliced plate member from the central area of the spliced plate member to the surrounding area, and then gradually complete the welding of all the flat fillet welds between the structural members and the spliced plate member from the central area of the spliced plate member to the surrounding area.

4. The construction method of the ship section according to claim 3, characterized in that: When welding the flat fillet weld between the structural member and the spliced plate member, first use the intermittent welding method to gradually complete the welding of all the flat fillet welds between the structural member and the spliced plate member from the central area of the spliced plate member to the surrounding area. Among them, during the welding process of the same flat fillet weld, there is an interval between adjacent two welding points to form an interval section; then gradually complete the welding of all the interval sections from the central area of the spliced plate member to the surrounding area.

5. The construction method of the ship section according to claim 1, characterized in that: In S1, after the flat steel plate is positioned and placed on the pile-type jig, temporarily weld and fix the bottom of the flat steel plate to the pile head of the pile-type jig.

6. The construction method of the ship section according to claim 5, characterized in that: In S5, after separating the ship section from the pile-type jig, repair weld and grind flat the scar at the temporarily welded part between the flat steel plate and the pile-type jig.

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