Multi-layer aeration device for aerobic composting fermentation

Abstract

The invention relates to the technical field of aerobic composting fermentation, in particular to a multilayer aeration device for aerobic composting fermentation, which comprises a fermentation tank, a stirring aeration assembly is mounted in the fermentation tank, and a material loosening assembly is mounted on the stirring aeration assembly; the aeration device is used for aeration during aerobic composting fermentation, the air inlet amount and the air inlet angle can be continuously changed to optimize air distribution, then the problem of local oxygen deficit or excessive aeration of composting raw materials is avoided, the quality of composting products is ensured, when the air inlet amount is continuously changed, air can have larger penetrating power, and the aeration effect is improved. The air distribution is further optimized, local oxygen deficit is avoided, the quality of compost products is ensured, meanwhile, the compost raw materials can be loosened and turned over, the adhered and caked parts in the compost raw materials are thoroughly removed, it is ensured that the compost raw materials make full contact with air, and the fermentation efficiency of the compost raw materials is improved.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present invention relates to the technical field of aerobic composting fermentation, and specifically to an aeration device for multi-layer aerobic composting fermentation. Background Art

[0002] Aerobic composting fermentation is a biological treatment technology that decomposes organic waste (such as straw, livestock manure, kitchen waste, etc.) by aerobic microorganisms under aerobic conditions. During the aerobic composting fermentation process, an aeration device is required to maintain sufficient oxygen supply inside the compost raw materials to promote the activity of microorganisms.

[0003] Existing aeration devices for aerobic composting fermentation widely use the method of combining stirring blades with air holes to maintain sufficient oxygen supply inside the compost pile. While driving the stirring blades to stir the compost raw materials through a hollow stirring shaft, air is introduced into the middle structure of the stirring shaft, so that the air enters the compost raw materials through the hollow structure of the stirring shaft and the air holes of the stirring blades.

[0004] The existing aeration devices for aerobic composting fermentation may have the following problems when introducing air into the compost raw materials: 1. Since the air holes on the stirring blades have fixed apertures and fixed angles, when the air enters the compost raw materials through the air holes, there may be a problem of uneven air distribution, resulting in local oxygen deficiency or over-aeration in the compost raw materials, and thus reducing the quality of the compost products; 2. Due to the phenomenon of adhesion and caking of the compost raw materials, when the existing stirring blades are used to stir the compost raw materials, it is difficult for the stirring blades to completely break up the adhered and caked compost raw materials, resulting in insufficient contact between the air and the compost raw materials and affecting the fermentation efficiency of the compost raw materials. Summary of the Invention

[0005] To solve the above technical problems, the present invention adopts the following technical solutions. An aeration device for multi-layer aerobic composting fermentation includes a fermentation tank, in which a stirring and aeration assembly is installed, and a material loosening assembly is installed on the stirring and aeration assembly; the stirring and aeration assembly includes a hollow-structured stirring shaft rotatably installed in the fermentation tank, a driving member is connected between the upper end of the stirring shaft and the fermentation tank, and an air inlet member is also connected between the stirring shaft and the fermentation tank. Multiple groups of stirring blade groups are uniformly arranged up and down on the outer side of the stirring shaft. Each group of stirring blade groups includes multiple stirring blades circumferentially arranged. Multiple air holes are arranged uniformly along the length direction of the stirring blades, and the air holes on the stirring blades are all communicated with the hollow structure of the stirring shaft. Variable-diameter aeration members are installed on the stirring blades. A matching member is installed on the air inlet member, and the matching member is used to cooperate with the variable-diameter aeration member to control the continuous change of the aeration volume and the air inlet angle; the material loosening assembly includes a connecting plate fixedly installed on the stirring blade through multiple support blocks. Two symmetrically arranged material loosening plates are installed on the connecting plate through a linkage synchronization member. The linkage synchronization member is used to drive the two material loosening plates to move synchronously inward and outward, and the linkage synchronization member can also drive the material loosening plates to turn over the compost raw materials. The lower end of the material loosening plate is provided with a comb-tooth structure.

[0006] Preferably, the air inlet member includes a hollow-structured fixed rod rotatably installed in the stirring shaft. Multiple uniformly arranged through holes are opened on the outer side of the fixed rod. The lower end of the fixed rod rotatably penetrates the stirring shaft and is fixedly connected to the fermentation tank. An air inlet pipe is connected between the lower end of the fixed rod and the fermentation tank.

[0007] Preferably, the variable-diameter aeration member includes two symmetrically arranged sliding plates slidably installed on the stirring blade through two first connecting rods. Transmission rods are fixedly installed at one ends of the two sliding plates close to the stirring shaft. One ends of the two transmission rods close to the stirring shaft slidably penetrate the stirring shaft and are fixedly installed with square plates, and a return spring is connected between the square plate and the stirring shaft. A matching column block is fixedly installed at the upper end of the square plate.

[0008] Preferably, the matching member includes a circular plate fixedly sleeved on the outer side of the fixed rod corresponding to the position of the stirring blade. Multiple uniformly arranged first matching blocks and second matching blocks are fixedly installed at the lower end of the circular plate. The opposite sides of the multiple first matching blocks and the opposite sides of the multiple second matching blocks are all provided with inclined surfaces that cooperate with the matching column block.

[0009] Preferably, air outlet holes with the same size as the air holes are opened on the sliding plates corresponding to the positions of the air holes. Multiple variable-diameter holes are uniformly arranged along the length direction of the sliding plates on the side of the air outlet holes close to the stirring shaft, and the sizes of the variable-diameter holes decrease in sequence. Multiple angle adjustment holes are uniformly arranged along the length direction of the sliding plates on the side of the air outlet holes far from the stirring shaft, and the sides of the adjacent two angle adjustment holes far from the stirring blade are inclined in the direction away from each other.

[0010] Preferably, the stirring shaft is connected to the aeration hole of the stirring blade through a circular hole, and a plug is fixedly installed on one side of the square plate away from the middle of the stirring shaft. The end of the plug away from the square plate is set as a truncated cone structure, and the taper of the plug truncated cone structure decreases from bottom to top.

[0011] Preferably, the linkage synchronization component includes a linkage rod installed in the connecting plate through an extension spring, and the linkage rod is slidably connected to the connecting plate along the length direction of the linkage rod, and a plurality of evenly arranged separation blocks are fixedly sleeved on the outer side of the linkage rod, and the side of the separation block close to the stirring shaft is set to a trapezoidal structure, and the linkage synchronization component also includes two symmetrically arranged yield plates slidably installed on the connecting plate through a connecting spring, and a plurality of evenly arranged round rods are fixedly installed on opposite sides of the two yield plates, and the side of the round rod away from the yield plate is set in contact with the inclined surface of the separation block.

[0012] Preferably, transmission plates are slidably installed on the opposite sides of the two give-way plates along their length direction, and a rotating shaft is slidably installed on the side of the transmission plate away from the give-way plate, and the rotating shaft is fixedly connected to the upper end of the corresponding loose material plate, and a plurality of evenly arranged sliding column blocks are fixedly installed on the upper and lower sides of the transmission plate, and corrugated grooves are opened at the positions corresponding to the sliding column blocks in the connecting plate, and the corrugated grooves are slidably connected to the corresponding sliding column blocks.

[0013] Preferably, a rotating part is connected between the rotating shaft of the loosening plate and the transmission plate, and the rotating part includes a sealing plate slidably mounted on the outside of the transmission plate, and the sealing plate is slidably connected to the connecting plate through a No. 2 connecting rod, and the rotating part also includes two symmetrically arranged elastic matching rods fixedly mounted on the upper side of the rotating shaft of the loosening plate, a square rod is hinged on the upper end of the elastic matching rod, and the square rod and its corresponding sealing plate are fixedly connected.

[0014] Preferably, a plurality of arc-shaped linkage blocks evenly arranged circumferentially are fixedly installed at positions corresponding to the linkage rods on the inner side of the fermenter, and one side of the arc-shaped linkage blocks close to the center of the fermenter is provided with an inclined surface matching the linkage rods.

[0015] The beneficial effects of the present invention are as follows: 1. The present invention continuously changes the air intake volume and intake angle by arranging a variable diameter aeration member to optimize the air distribution, thereby avoiding local hypoxia or excessive aeration of the compost raw materials and ensuring the quality of the compost product. At the same time, the present invention drives the two comb-tooth structure loosening plates to move synchronously inward and outward by arranging a linkage synchronization member, so that the loosening plates loosen the compost raw materials and remove the compost raw materials that are stuck and lumped, thereby ensuring that the compost raw materials are fully in contact with the air and increasing the fermentation efficiency of the compost raw materials.

[0016] 2. When the size of the stepped hole corresponding to the air holes on the stirring shaft decreases, the present invention gradually inserts the plug with a frustum structure into the round hole of the stirring shaft, so that the flow cross-sectional area of the air entering the round hole of the stirring shaft gradually decreases at this time, increasing the flow velocity of the air passing through the stepped hole, thereby enabling the air to have greater penetration power, further optimizing the air distribution, avoiding local oxygen deficiency, and ensuring the quality of the compost product.

[0017] 3. When the two material loosening plates move synchronously in and out, the present invention drives the two material loosening plates to reciprocate along the length direction of the stirring blades through the cooperation of the sliding column block and the corrugated groove, thereby increasing the loosening effect of the material loosening plates on the compost raw materials. At the same time, the present invention drives the material loosening plates to rotate away from each other with the rotating shaft as the reference through the rotating member, causing the material loosening plates to turn the compost raw materials, further increasing the loosening effect of the material loosening plates on the compost raw materials, and thus further increasing the fermentation efficiency of the compost raw materials. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0018] The present invention will be further described below in conjunction with the drawings and embodiments.

[0019] Figure 1 is a three-dimensional structure schematic diagram of the present invention.

[0020] Figure 2 is a three-dimensional structure schematic diagram of the present invention after removing a part of the fermentation tank.

[0021] Figure 3 is a partial three-dimensional structure schematic diagram of the present invention after removing a part of the structure of the fermentation tank and the stirring and aeration assembly.

[0022] Figure 4 is a sectional view of a part of the structure of the stirring and aeration assembly of the present invention.

[0023] Figure 5 is a sectional view of the sliding plate of the present invention.

[0024] Figure 6 is a plan view of the sliding plate and the plug arranged from bottom to top of the present invention.

[0025] Figure 7 is a three-dimensional structure schematic diagram of the material loosening assembly of the present invention after removing a part of the connecting plate.

[0026] Figure 8 is a sectional view of a part of the structure of the material loosening assembly of the present invention.

[0027] Figure 9 is a three-dimensional structure schematic diagram of the sliding plate of the present invention.

[0028] Figure numerals: 1, fermentation tank; 11, arc linkage block; 2, stirring aeration assembly; 21, stirring shaft; 22, air inlet; 221, fixed rod; 222, air inlet pipe; 23, stirring blade; 24, variable diameter aeration member; 241, sliding plate; 242, transmission rod; 243, square plate; 244, return spring; 245, matching column block; 246, air outlet; 247, variable diameter hole; 248, angle adjustment hole; 249, plug block; 25, matching member ; 251, round plate; 252, matching block No. 1; 253, matching block No. 2; 3, loosening assembly; 31, connecting plate; 32, linkage synchronization member; 321, linkage rod; 322, top extension spring; 323, separation block; 324, connecting spring; 325, give way plate; 326, round rod; 327, transmission plate; 328, sliding column block; 33, loosening plate; 34, rotating member; 341, sealing plate; 342, elastic matching rod; 343, square rod. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0029] The embodiments described below are exemplary and are only used to explain the present invention, and should not be construed as limiting the present invention. If no specific techniques or conditions are specified in the embodiments, the techniques or conditions described in the literature in the art or the product instructions shall be followed.

[0030] See also Figure 1 and Figure 2 A multi-layer aeration device for aerobic composting fermentation includes a fermentation tank 1, a stirring aeration component 2 is installed in the fermentation tank 1, and a loosening component 3 is installed on the stirring aeration component 2; wherein the fermentation tank 1 includes a fermentation tank body and a support seat, a feed inlet is provided at the upper end of the fermentation tank body, and the feed inlet is connected to an external feeding device, an exhaust pipe is also installed at the upper end of the fermentation tank body, and a discharge port is installed at the lower outer part of the fermentation tank body, and the discharge port is in a closed state during the fermentation process.

[0031] The present invention is used for aeration during aerobic composting fermentation, and the present invention can continuously change the air intake amount and the air intake angle, optimize the air distribution, and thus avoid local hypoxia or excessive aeration of the compost raw materials, thereby ensuring the quality of the compost product. At the same time, the present invention can also loosen the compost raw materials, ensure that the compost raw materials are fully in contact with the air, and increase the fermentation efficiency of the compost raw materials.

[0032] Specifically, the compost raw materials are loaded into the fermentation tank body from the feed port of the fermentation tank body through an external loading device, and then the stirring and aeration component 2 is started to stir the compost raw materials, and the stirring and aeration component 2 is controlled to pass air into the compost raw materials. The stirring and aeration component 2 can control the continuous change of the oxygen amount and the air intake angle. At the same time, the stirring and aeration component 2 drives the loosening component 3 to loosen the raw materials to ensure that oxygen and the raw materials are fully in contact. Finally, when the compost raw materials are fermented, the discharge port is opened to take out the compost product from the discharge port.

[0033] Refer to Figures 2 - 4 , the stirring and aeration assembly 2 includes a hollow-structured stirring shaft 21 rotatably installed in the fermentation tank 1. A driving member is connected between the upper end of the stirring shaft 21 and the fermentation tank 1. An air inlet member 22 is also connected between the stirring shaft 21 and the fermentation tank 1. A plurality of groups of stirring blade groups are fixedly installed on the lower part of the outer side of the stirring shaft 21 and are evenly arranged up and down. Each group of stirring blade groups includes a plurality of stirring blades 23 evenly arranged circumferentially. A plurality of air holes are formed in the stirring blades 23 and are evenly arranged along their lengths. The air holes on the stirring blades 23 are all communicated with the hollow structure of the stirring shaft 21. A variable-diameter aeration member 24 is installed on each of the stirring blades 23. A matching member 25 is installed on the air inlet member 22. The matching member 25 is used to cooperate with the variable-diameter aeration member 24 to control the continuous change of the aeration volume and the air inlet angle.

[0034] It should be noted that the driving member in the present invention includes a motor. The upper end of the stirring shaft 21 rotatably penetrates through the main body of the fermentation tank and is fixedly connected to the output shaft of the motor. The motor is fixedly installed on the upper end of the main body of the fermentation tank through a motor bracket. By starting the motor, the stirring shaft 21 is driven to rotate continuously.

[0035] The stirring and aeration assembly 2 is used for stirring the compost raw materials, and at the same time, the stirring and aeration assembly 2 is also used for introducing oxygen into the compost raw materials; specifically, by starting the driving member, the stirring blades 23 are driven to rotate through the stirring shaft 21, so that the stirring blades 23 stir the compost raw materials. At the same time, the air inlet member 22 is connected to an external blower, and by starting the external blower, air is introduced into the air inlet member 22, so that the air passes through the hollow structure of the stirring shaft 21 and enters the compost raw materials through the air holes of the stirring blades 23, so that the compost raw materials are in contact with oxygen, and then aeration is carried out during the fermentation of the compost raw materials. At the same time, the matching member 25 and the variable-diameter aeration member 24 cooperate to control the continuous change of the aeration volume and the air inlet angle, thereby optimizing the air distribution, avoiding local hypoxia or local over-aeration, and ensuring the quality of the compost product.

[0036] Refer to Figure 2 and Figure 3 , the air inlet member 22 includes a hollow-structured fixed rod 221 rotatably installed in the stirring shaft 21. A plurality of uniformly arranged through holes are formed on the outer side of the fixed rod 221. The lower end of the fixed rod 221 rotatably penetrates through the stirring shaft 21 and is fixedly connected to the fermentation tank 1. An air inlet pipe 222 is connected between the lower end of the fixed rod 221 and the fermentation tank 1.

[0037] The air inlet member 22 is used for introducing air into the compost raw materials; specifically, first, the air inlet pipe 222 is connected to an external blower, and by starting the external blower, air is introduced into the air inlet pipe 222, so that the air sequentially passes through the air inlet pipe 222 and the hollow structure of the fixed rod 221 and enters the hollow structure of the stirring shaft 21 through the through holes of the fixed rod 221, so that the air passes through the hollow structure of the stirring shaft 21 and enters the compost raw materials through the air holes of the stirring blades 23.

[0038] Refer to Figure 3 and Figure 4 The variable-diameter aeration member 24 includes two symmetrically arranged sliding plates 241 slidably mounted on the stirring blades 23 through two first connecting rods. At one end of the two sliding plates 241 close to the stirring shaft 21, transmission rods 242 are fixedly installed. At one end of the two transmission rods 242 close to the stirring shaft 21, they slidably penetrate through the stirring shaft 21 and a square plate 243 is fixedly installed. A return spring 244 is connected between the square plate 243 and the stirring shaft 21, and a mating column block 245 is fixedly installed at the upper end of the square plate 243.

[0039] Refer to Figure 5 、 Figure 6 and Figure 9 At the positions corresponding to the aeration holes on the sliding plates 241, air outlet holes 246 with the same size as the aeration holes are respectively opened. On the sliding plates 241 and on the side of the air outlet holes 246 close to the stirring shaft 21, a plurality of variable-diameter holes 247 are evenly arranged along the length direction thereof, and the sizes of the variable-diameter holes 247 decrease in sequence. On the sliding plates 241 and on the side of the air outlet holes 246 away from the stirring shaft 21, a plurality of angle adjustment holes 248 are evenly arranged along the length direction thereof, and on the side of the adjacent two angle adjustment holes 248 away from the stirring blades 23, they are inclined in the direction away from each other; among them, the sizes of the variable-diameter holes 247 arranged from bottom to top decrease in sequence.

[0040] The variable-diameter aeration member 24 is used to control the continuous change of the aeration volume and the air inlet angle; specifically, initially, the air outlet holes 246 of the sliding plates 241 are aligned with the aeration holes of the stirring blades 23, and the sizes of the air outlet holes 246 and the aeration holes of the stirring blades 23 are the same. At this time, air enters the compost raw materials from the aeration holes of the stirring blades 23 through the air outlet holes 246. When the stirring shaft 21 drives the stirring blades 23 to rotate, the stirring blades 23 finally drive the mating column block 245 to rotate through the sliding plates 241, so that the mating column block 245 and the mating member 25 cooperate to finally drive the sliding plates 241 to reciprocate along the length direction of the stirring blades 23.

[0041] When the variable-diameter holes 247 move to the positions corresponding to the aeration holes of the stirring blades 23, at this time, the variable-diameter holes 247 are respectively aligned with the aeration holes of the stirring blades 23 in sequence, so that air enters the compost raw materials from the aeration holes of the stirring blades 23 through the corresponding variable-diameter holes 247, and the sizes of the variable-diameter holes 247 decrease in sequence. Furthermore, the continuous change of the air volume entering the compost raw materials is realized, and the sizes of the variable-diameter holes 247 arranged from bottom to top decrease in sequence. Furthermore, the air volume entering the compost raw materials changes step by step from bottom to top, thereby preventing the compost raw materials located above from being over-aerated.

[0042] When the angle adjustment hole 248 moves to the position corresponding to the air holes of the stirring blade 23, the angle adjustment hole 248 is aligned with the air holes of the stirring blade 23 in sequence, so that air enters the compost raw materials through the corresponding angle adjustment hole 248 from the air holes of the stirring blade 23. And on the side away from the stirring blade 23 of two adjacent angle adjustment holes 248, they are both arranged to incline in the direction away from each other, thereby realizing the continuous change of the air intake angle of the air entering the compost raw materials.

[0043] Refer to Figure 4 , the fitting 25 includes a circular plate 251 fixedly sleeved on the outer side of the fixed rod 221 corresponding to the position of the stirring blade 23. A plurality of uniformly arranged first fitting blocks 252 and second fitting blocks 253 are fixedly installed at the lower end of the circular plate 251, and the first fitting blocks 252 and the second fitting blocks 253 are arranged staggeredly. The opposite sides of the plurality of first fitting blocks 252 and the opposite sides of the plurality of second fitting blocks 253 are both provided with inclined surfaces that cooperate with the fitting column block 245.

[0044] The fitting 25 is used to drive the sliding plate 241 to reciprocate along the length direction of the stirring blade 23; specifically, when the stirring blade 23 finally drives the fitting column block 245 to rotate through the sliding plate 241, since the fixed rod 221 is fixedly connected to the fermentation tank 1, the fitting column block 245 rotates relative to the circular plate 251. When the fitting column block 245 rotates to the position corresponding to the first fitting block 252, the fitting column block 245 and the inclined surface of the first fitting block 252 cooperate to finally drive the sliding plate 241 to move away from the stirring shaft 21 along the length direction of the stirring blade 23 through the square plate 243, and the return spring 244 is compressed. When the fitting column block 245 is separated from the first fitting block 252, under the action of the return spring 244, the square plate 243 drives the sliding plate 241 to move towards the stirring shaft 21 along the length direction of the stirring blade 23 to the initial position through the transmission rod 242.

[0045] When the fitting column block 245 rotates to the position corresponding to the second fitting block 253, the fitting column block 245 and the inclined surface of the second fitting block 253 cooperate to finally drive the sliding plate 241 to move towards the stirring shaft 21 along the length direction of the stirring blade 23 through the square plate 243, and the return spring 244 is stretched. When the fitting column block 245 is separated from the second fitting block 253, under the action of the return spring 244, the square plate 243 drives the sliding plate 241 to move away from the stirring shaft 21 along the length direction of the stirring blade 23 to the initial position through the transmission rod 242. And a plurality of first fitting blocks 252 and second fitting blocks 253 are provided and arranged staggeredly, thereby making the sliding plate 241 reciprocate along the length direction of the stirring blade 23.

[0046] Refer to Figure 4 , Figure 5 and Figure 6, the stirring shaft 21 is connected to the aeration holes of the stirring blades 23 through round holes. On one side of the square plate 243 away from the middle of the stirring shaft 21, plug blocks 249 are fixedly installed. One end of the plug block 249 away from the square plate 243 is set as a frustum structure, and the taper of the frustum structure of the plug block 249 decreases sequentially from bottom to top.

[0047] When the mating column block 245 and the inclined surface of the first mating block 252 cooperate and finally drive the sliding plate 241 to move away from the stirring shaft 21 along the length direction of the stirring blade 23 through the square plate 243, the square plate 243 drives the plug block 249 to move away from the middle of the stirring shaft 21 and gradually insert into the round hole of the stirring shaft 21. And because one end of the plug block 249 away from the square plate 243 is set as a frustum structure, when the plug block 249 gradually inserts into the round hole of the stirring shaft 21, the flow cross-sectional area of the air entering the round hole of the stirring shaft 21 gradually decreases. At the same time, the sizes of the corresponding variable-diameter holes 247 decrease sequentially at this time. According to the Venturi effect, the flow velocity of the air passing through the variable-diameter holes 247 increases at this time, so that the air can have greater penetration, further optimize the air distribution, avoid local hypoxia, ensure the quality of the compost product, and the taper of the frustum structure of the plug block 249 decreases sequentially from bottom to top. Furthermore, it can further assist in controlling the air intake volume, so that the air volume entering the compost raw materials changes step by step from bottom to top, thereby preventing excessive aeration of the compost raw materials located above.

[0048] Refer to Figure 2 , Figure 3 and Figure 7 , the material loosening assembly 3 includes a connecting plate 31 fixedly installed on the stirring blade 23 through a plurality of support blocks. The connecting plate 31 is provided with two symmetrically arranged material loosening plates 33 through a linkage synchronizing member 32. The linkage synchronizing member 32 is used to drive the two material loosening plates 33 to move synchronously inward and outward, and the linkage synchronizing member 32 can also drive the material loosening plates 33 to turn the compost raw materials. The lower end of the material loosening plate 33 is set as a comb structure.

[0049] The material loosening assembly 3 is used to loosen the compost raw materials; specifically, when the stirring shaft 21 drives the stirring blade 23 to rotate, the stirring blade 23 drives the connecting plate 31 to rotate through the support blocks, so that the connecting plate 31 drives the material loosening plates 33 to rotate through the linkage synchronizing member 32. The linkage synchronizing member 32 drives the two material loosening plates 33 to move synchronously inward and outward. At the same time, the linkage synchronizing member 32 can also drive the material loosening plates 33 to turn the compost raw materials, and the lower end of the material loosening plate 33 is set as a comb structure. Furthermore, the material loosening plates 33 loosen the compost raw materials, ensuring sufficient contact between the compost raw materials and the air and increasing the fermentation efficiency of the compost raw materials.

[0050] Refer to Figure 2 and Figure 7The linkage synchronous component 32 includes a linkage rod 321 installed in the connecting plate 31 through an extension spring 322, and the linkage rod 321 is slidably connected to the connecting plate 31 along the length direction of the linkage rod 321, and a plurality of evenly arranged separation blocks 323 are fixedly sleeved on the outer side of the linkage rod 321, and the side of the separation block 323 close to the stirring shaft 21 is set as a trapezoidal structure, and the linkage synchronous component 32 also includes two symmetrically arranged yielding plates 325 slidably installed on the connecting plate 31 through a connecting spring 324, and a plurality of evenly arranged round rods 326 are fixedly installed on the opposite sides of the two yielding plates 325, and the side of the round rod 326 away from the yielding plate 325 is in contact with the inclined surface of the separation block 323.

[0051] See also Figure 2 A plurality of arc-shaped linkage blocks 11 evenly arranged in the circumferential direction are fixedly installed at the position corresponding to the linkage rod 321 on the inner side of the fermentation tank 1 , and one side of the arc-shaped linkage block 11 close to the center of the fermentation tank 1 is set as an inclined surface matching the linkage rod 321 .

[0052] See also Figure 7 and Figure 8 The two yield plates 325 are slidably installed with transmission plates 327 on the opposite sides along their length directions. The transmission plate 327 slides through the connecting plate 31 on the side away from the yield plate 325 and is rotatably installed with a rotating shaft, and the rotating shaft is fixedly connected to the upper end of the corresponding loosening plate 33. A plurality of evenly arranged sliding column blocks 328 are fixedly installed on the upper and lower sides of the transmission plate 327. Corrugated grooves are provided at the positions corresponding to the sliding column blocks 328 in the connecting plate 31, and the corrugated grooves are slidably connected to the corresponding sliding column blocks 328.

[0053] The linkage synchronization part 32 is used to drive the loosening plate 33 to move synchronously inward and outward; specifically, when the stirring blade 23 drives the connecting plate 31 to rotate through the support block, the connecting plate 31 drives the linkage rod 321 to rotate. When the linkage rod 321 rotates to the corresponding position of the arc-shaped linkage block 11, the linkage rod 321 drives the separation block 323 to move toward the direction close to the stirring shaft 21 and compresses the connecting spring 324 under the action of the inclined surface of the arc-shaped linkage block 11. When the linkage rod 321 and the arc-shaped linkage block 11 are separated, the linkage rod 321 drives the separation block 323 to move to the initial position in the direction away from the stirring shaft 21 under the action of the connecting spring 324.

[0054] When the separation block 323 moves toward the direction approaching the stirring shaft 21, the inclined surface of the trapezoidal structure of the separation block 323 and the round rod 326 cooperate to drive the two yield plates 325 to move away from each other, so that the yield plate 325 finally drives the two loosening plates 33 to move away from each other through the transmission plate 327. When the separation block 323 moves to the initial position in the direction away from the stirring shaft 21, the yield plate 325, under the action of the connecting spring 324, finally drives the two loosening plates 33 to move toward the initial position through the yield plate 325, thereby causing the loosening plates 33 to loosen the compost raw materials.

[0055] When the yield plate 325 drives the transmission plate 327 to move, the transmission plate 327, under the cooperation of the sliding column block 328 and the corrugated groove, eventually drives the two loosening plates 33 to move back and forth along the length direction of the stirring blade 23, thereby increasing the loosening effect of the loosening plates 33 on the compost raw materials, and further ensuring full contact between the raw materials and air.

[0056] See also Figure 7 A rotating member 34 is connected between the rotating shaft of the loosening plate 33 and the transmission plate 327. The rotating member 34 includes a sealing plate 341 slidably mounted on the outside of the transmission plate 327, and the sealing plate 341 is slidably connected to the connecting plate 31 through a second connecting rod. The rotating member 34 also includes two symmetrically arranged elastic matching rods 342 fixedly mounted on the upper side of the rotating shaft of the loosening plate 33. A square rod 343 is hinged on the upper end of the elastic matching rod 342, and the square rod 343 and its corresponding sealing plate 341 are fixedly connected.

[0057] The rotating member 34 is used to drive the loosening plate 33 to turn over the compost raw materials; specifically, when the transmission plate 327 reciprocates along the length direction of the stirring blade 23, the transmission plate 327 drives the sealing plate 341 to move synchronously, so that the sealing plate 341 can seal the sliding penetration point of the transmission plate 327 and the connecting plate 31, and when the two loosening plates 33 move in a direction away from each other, the loosening plates 33 drive the elastic matching rod 342 to move synchronously through the rotating shaft, and the elastic matching rod 342 is an elastic telescopic structure, so that the elastic matching rod 342 drives the rotating shaft to rotate under the action of the square rod 343, so that the rotating shaft drives the two loosening plates 33 to rotate in a direction away from each other with the rotating shaft as a reference, so that the loosening plates 33 turn over the compost raw materials, and further increase the loosening effect of the loosening plates 33 on the compost raw materials.

[0058] In addition, it should be understood that although the present specification is described according to implementation modes, not every implementation mode contains only one independent technical solution. This description of the specification is only for the sake of clarity. Those skilled in the art should regard the specification as a whole. The technical solutions in each embodiment may also be appropriately combined to form other implementation modes that can be understood by those skilled in the art.

Claims

1. An aeration device for multi-layer aerobic composting fermentation, including a fermentation tank, wherein a stirring and aeration assembly is installed in the fermentation tank, and is characterized in that, A material loosening component is installed on the stirring and aeration component; The stirring and aeration component includes a hollow-structured stirring shaft rotatably installed in the fermentation tank. A driving component is connected between the upper end of the stirring shaft and the fermentation tank. An air inlet component is also connected between the stirring shaft and the fermentation tank. Multiple groups of stirring blade groups are fixedly installed on the lower part of the outer side of the stirring shaft, and the groups are evenly arranged up and down. Each group of stirring blade groups includes multiple stirring blades evenly arranged circumferentially. Multiple air holes are opened on the stirring blades and are evenly arranged along their lengths. The air holes on the stirring blades are all communicated with the hollow structure of the stirring shaft. Variable-diameter aeration components are installed on the stirring blades. A matching component is installed on the air inlet component, and the matching component is used to cooperate with the variable-diameter aeration components to control the continuous change of the aeration volume and the air inlet angle; The material loosening component includes a connecting plate fixedly installed on the stirring blade through multiple supporting blocks. The connecting plate is installed with two symmetrically arranged material loosening plates through a linkage synchronizing component. The linkage synchronizing component is used to drive the two material loosening plates to move in and out synchronously, and the linkage synchronizing component can also drive the material loosening plates to turn over the compost raw materials. The lower end of the material loosening plate is set as a comb tooth structure.

2. The aeration device for multi-layer aerobic composting fermentation according to claim 1, characterized in that, The air inlet component includes a hollow-structured fixed rod rotatably installed in the stirring shaft. Multiple uniformly arranged through holes are opened on the outer side of the fixed rod. The lower end of the fixed rod rotatably penetrates through the stirring shaft and is fixedly connected with the fermentation tank. An air inlet pipe is connected between the lower end of the fixed rod and the fermentation tank.

3. The aeration device for multi-layer aerobic composting fermentation according to claim 2, wherein, The variable-diameter aeration component includes two symmetrically arranged sliding plates slidably installed on the stirring blade through two first connecting rods. At one end of each of the two sliding plates close to the stirring shaft, a transmission rod is fixedly installed. At one end of each of the two transmission rods close to the stirring shaft, they slidably penetrate through the stirring shaft and are fixedly installed with a square plate. A return spring is connected between the square plate and the stirring shaft. A matching column block is fixedly installed at the upper end of the square plate.

4. The aeration device for multi-layer aerobic composting fermentation according to claim 3, characterized in that, The matching component includes a circular plate fixedly sleeved on the outer side of the fixed rod corresponding to the position of the stirring blade. Multiple uniformly arranged first matching blocks and second matching blocks are fixedly installed at the lower end of the circular plate. The opposite sides of the multiple first matching blocks and the opposite sides of the multiple second matching blocks are all set as inclined surfaces that cooperate with the matching column block.

5. An aeration device for multi-layer aerobic composting fermentation according to claim 3, characterized in that, At the positions corresponding to the air holes on the sliding plates, air outlet holes with the same size as the air holes are opened. On the sliding plates and on the side of the air outlet holes close to the stirring shaft, multiple variable-diameter holes are opened and are evenly arranged along their lengths. The sizes of the variable-diameter holes gradually decrease. On the sliding plates and on the side of the air outlet holes far from the stirring shaft, multiple angle adjustment holes are opened and are evenly arranged along their lengths. The far sides of two adjacent angle adjustment holes away from the stirring blade are inclined in the direction of moving away from each other.

6. The aeration device for multi-layer aerobic composting fermentation according to claim 3, characterized in that, The stirring shaft is communicated with the air holes of the stirring blade through round holes. At one side of the square plate far from the middle of the stirring shaft, insertion blocks are fixedly installed. The end of the insertion block far from the square plate is set as a frustum structure, and the taper of the frustum structure of the insertion block decreases from bottom to top.

7. An aeration device for multi-layer aerobic composting fermentation according to claim 1, characterized in that, The linkage synchronization component includes a linkage rod installed in the connecting plate through a top extension spring, and the linkage rod is slidably connected to the connecting plate along the length direction of the linkage rod. A plurality of evenly arranged separation blocks are fixedly sleeved on the outer side of the linkage rod, and a side of the separation block close to the stirring shaft is set to a trapezoidal structure. The linkage synchronization component also includes two symmetrically arranged yielding plates slidably installed on the connecting plate through a connecting spring, and a plurality of evenly arranged round rods are fixedly installed on opposite sides of the two yielding plates, and a side of the round rod away from the yielding plate is set to contact the inclined surface of the separation block.

8. An aeration device for multi-layer aerobic composting fermentation according to claim 7, characterized in that, Transmission plates are slidably installed on the opposite sides of the two yield plates along their length direction, and a rotating shaft is slidably installed on the side of the transmission plate away from the yield plate, and the rotating shaft is fixedly connected to the upper end of the corresponding loose material plate, and a plurality of evenly arranged sliding column blocks are fixedly installed on the upper and lower sides of the transmission plate, and corrugated grooves are provided at the positions corresponding to the sliding column blocks in the connecting plate, and the corrugated grooves are slidably connected to the corresponding sliding column blocks.

9. The aeration device for multi-layer aerobic composting fermentation according to claim 8, characterized in that, A rotating part is connected between the rotating shaft of the loosening plate and the transmission plate. The rotating part includes a sealing plate slidably mounted on the outside of the transmission plate, and the sealing plate is slidably connected to the connecting plate through a No. 2 connecting rod. The rotating part also includes two symmetrically arranged elastic matching rods fixedly mounted on the upper side of the rotating shaft of the loosening plate. A square rod is hinged on the upper end of the elastic matching rod, and the square rod and its corresponding sealing plate are fixedly connected.

10. The aeration device for multi-layer aerobic composting fermentation according to claim 7, characterized in that, A plurality of arc-shaped linkage blocks evenly arranged in the circumferential direction are fixedly installed at positions corresponding to the linkage rods on the inner side of the fermenter, and a side of the arc-shaped linkage block close to the center of the fermenter is provided with an inclined surface matched with the linkage rod.

Images