A high-efficiency reverse cycle high-pressure composite cutting drill rig

Abstract

The present invention discloses a high-efficiency reverse circulation high-pressure composite cutting drill rig, which belongs to the technical field of pile drivers. The drilling rig of the present invention includes a main chassis, a main frame, a slide, a hydraulic rotary drive, a hydraulic lifting drive, a hydraulic stabilizer, a multi-channel rotary diverter and a drilling tool. The drilling tool passes through the hydraulic rotary drive and cooperates with it in transmission, and utilizes the hydraulic lifting drive and the hydraulic stabilizer to ensure vertical drilling of the drilling tool, which is convenient for adjusting the verticality of the drilling tool and has higher drilling efficiency; the drilling drive mechanism can slide, which is convenient for the subsequent construction of bored piles. The present invention also utilizes high-pressure and low-pressure circulating liquid jets to cut the soil, and cooperates with high-pressure air to carry the circulating liquid and drill cuttings to the outside to discharge, thereby improving the soil cutting and crushing efficiency, greatly improving the discharge efficiency of drill cuttings with larger particles, and greatly improving the drilling efficiency; at the same time, the high-pressure air maintains positive pressure in the borehole, improves the stability of the hole wall, and significantly increases the drilling depth.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present invention relates to underground engineering construction equipment, and more particularly to a high-efficiency reverse circulation high-pressure composite cutting drill. Background Art

[0002] As a widely used foundation construction technology, bored piles play a vital role in construction due to their high bearing capacity, adaptability, and simple construction equipment. However, with the continuous development of engineering construction, the requirements for bored pile construction efficiency and quality are becoming increasingly stringent. Existing bored pile construction equipment has gradually exposed numerous problems when faced with complex geological conditions and high efficiency requirements, urgently requiring improvement and innovation.

[0003] The existing bored pile machines generally have the following shortcomings:

[0004] (1) Power transmission and construction efficiency issues of ordinary drilling rigs

[0005] Conventional drilling rigs primarily use a horizontal grinding disc to drive the drill rod, which then transmits power to the drill bit. The drill bit uses a high-speed rotating alloy material to cut and crush the soil, and then relies on mud to carry the drill cuttings out of the hole. The specific structural principle can be found in the "Hydraulic Grinding Disc Drilling Rig" disclosed in Chinese Patent Publication No. CN2460718Y. However, this power transmission method has obvious limitations:

[0006] Power loss: When the drill rod is long, some energy will be lost in the process of power transmission from the grinding disc to the drill bit, resulting in a decrease in the actual cutting ability of the drill bit;

[0007] Layered cutting: Due to the limitations of drill bit torque and drilling pressure, each soil cutting needs to be carried out in very fine layers, which not only increases drill bit wear but also significantly reduces construction efficiency;

[0008] Low mud circulation efficiency: Construction must be carried out strictly according to the designed mud density, viscosity and other parameters. If the construction parameters are not appropriate, the drill cuttings cannot be discharged in time, further affecting the cutting efficiency of the drill bit.

[0009] (2) Drilling problems in old clay and clay layers

[0010] In old clay and clay layers, the drilling efficiency of ordinary drilling rigs is extremely low. The main reasons include:

[0011] Soil characteristics: Old clay and clay layers have high viscosity and plasticity. The drill bit easily adheres to the soil during cutting, resulting in drill sticking.

[0012] Insufficient mud carrying capacity: The mud has limited effect in these soil layers and cannot effectively flush the soil adhering to the drill bit;

[0013] Drill bit design defects: The slag discharge groove design of ordinary drill bits is unreasonable, which cannot effectively discharge clay soil, further aggravating the drill sticking problem.

[0014] (3) Drilling efficiency issues in thick sand and gravel layers

[0015] In thick sand and gravel layers, the drilling efficiency of ordinary positive circulation pile drivers is particularly low, mainly manifested in the following aspects:

[0016] Characteristics of gravel layer: There are a lot of hard particles in the gravel layer. Ordinary drill bits need to break these particles multiple times, which increases drill bit wear and energy consumption.

[0017] Insufficient mud-carrying capacity: Positive circulation drilling rigs rely on mud to carry drill cuttings upwards. However, in gravel layers, the mud's carrying capacity is insufficient, causing drill cuttings to accumulate at the bottom of the hole, affecting drilling efficiency.

[0018] Unreasonable drill bit design: The tooth shape and slag groove design of ordinary drill bits cannot effectively crush and discharge gravel particles.

[0019] (4) Negative pressure and depth limitation issues of reverse circulation drilling rigs

[0020] Conventional reverse circulation drilling rigs mainly rely on gas lift reverse circulation or pump suction reverse circulation. The specific structural principles can be found in the Chinese patent publication No. CN116591593A, "A drilling rig capable of realizing gas lift reverse circulation construction and a combined drilling construction method." However, these rigs have the following problems:

[0021] Negative pressure leads to collapse: The working principle of gas lift reverse circulation and pump suction reverse circulation is to discharge drill cuttings by generating negative pressure, but this negative pressure environment can easily lead to hole wall collapse, especially in loose soil layers;

[0022] Vacuum limitation: The efficiency of ordinary pump reverse circulation drilling rigs is limited by the vacuum level. As the drilling depth increases (drilling depth is above 70-80 meters), it becomes more difficult to maintain the vacuum level, resulting in reduced mud circulation efficiency and a significant drop in drilling efficiency.

[0023] Insufficient equipment performance: The equipment performance of ordinary reverse circulation drilling rigs cannot meet the requirements of deep hole drilling, such as insufficient pump power and insufficient efficiency of the gas lift system.

[0024] (5) Drilling rig travel efficiency issues

[0025] Ordinary drilling machines use a tube-type walking method, which has extremely low walking efficiency and seriously affects construction efficiency. Even some advanced drilling machines use crawler or walking walking methods, but they still have the following problems:

[0026] Limitations of crawler travel: Although crawler drilling rigs have certain mobility capabilities, their unidirectional travel characteristics limit their flexibility on complex terrains;

[0027] Disadvantages of walking type: Although the walking type drilling rig can achieve multi-directional movement, it mainly relies on the long boat to walk, and the moving speed is still slow; the structural principle of the walking type drilling rig can be referred to the "A walking type full-rotation drilling rig" disclosed in Chinese patent publication number CN202882757U;

[0028] Impact on construction efficiency: Although Chinese patent publication number CN209457867U also discloses "a full-casing, full-rotation drilling rig with a combination of walking and crawler tracks", which can combine the advantages of walking and crawler tracks, the walking movement and turning speed are still relatively slow; the walking efficiency of the drilling rig directly affects the construction progress. When the drilling rig is frequently moved, the inefficient walking method will lead to prolonged construction time.

[0029] (6) Verticality control problem

[0030] At present, the verticality of ordinary drilling machines is mainly controlled by a single-direction centralizer, which has the following problems:

[0031] Design flaws of the centralizer: The centralizer in one direction cannot fully control the verticality of the drill pipe, and the verticality in the other direction cannot be guaranteed;

[0032] Insufficient drill pipe stability: The drill pipe is easily affected by factors such as formation changes and drill bit vibration during drilling. If the drill pipe is not stable enough, it is difficult to ensure the verticality of the drill hole even with a stabilizer;

[0033] Difficulty in measurement and adjustment: During the construction process, measuring and adjusting the verticality of the drill hole is a complicated process. If the centralizer cannot effectively control the verticality, frequent measurement and adjustment are required, which increases the difficulty and cost of construction.

[0034] (7) Hole collapse problem of rotary drilling rig in soft soil areas

[0035] A rotary drilling rig is a construction machine suitable for drilling holes in building foundation projects. It is mainly suitable for construction in sandy soil, clay soil, silty soil and other soil layers. It is widely used in various foundation construction projects such as cast-in-place piles, continuous walls, and foundation reinforcement. However, when working in soft soil areas, rotary drilling rigs are prone to hole collapse. The main reasons include:

[0036] Soft soil characteristics: Soft soil has low shear strength and high compressibility, and is easily disturbed and collapses;

[0037] Working principle of rotary drilling rig: Rotary drilling rig digs soil directly by rotating the drill bit, which greatly disturbs the soil and easily destroys the stability of the hole wall;

[0038] Insufficient mud wall protection: When constructing in soft soil areas, the wall protection function of mud is crucial. If the performance of the mud is not enough to support the hole wall, the hole collapse phenomenon will become more serious.

[0039] (8) The drilling efficiency of rotary drilling rigs

[0040] Each time a rotary drilling rig digs soil, the drill bit needs to be fully pulled out. For drilling holes deeper than 50 meters, the following problems arise:

[0041] High drill lifting frequency: The rotary drilling rig needs to lift the drill bit out of the hole each time before the next excavation operation can be carried out. The high drill lifting frequency prolongs the construction time.

[0042] Increased equipment wear: Frequent drilling processes will lead to increased wear of the drill rod and drill bit, increasing equipment maintenance costs;

[0043] Rising construction costs: The increased frequency of drilling not only prolongs construction time, but also increases equipment energy consumption and labor costs. These problems are particularly prominent for drilling holes deeper than 50 meters.

[0044] In summary, existing conventional bored pile rigs have numerous issues with construction efficiency, adaptability, and verticality control, particularly in complex geological conditions. Therefore, addressing these common shortcomings of existing bored pile rigs, a new type of rig that can overcome these issues is urgently needed. Summary of the Invention

[0045] 1. Technical problem to be solved by the invention

[0046] The purpose of the present invention is to overcome the above-mentioned shortcomings of the existing bored pile machine and provide a high-efficiency reverse circulation high-pressure composite cutting drill. The technical solution of the present invention is adopted. First, a new drilling drive mechanism is innovatively designed. The drill tool passes through the hydraulic rotary drive and cooperates with it in transmission. The hydraulic lifting drive and the hydraulic centralizer are used to ensure the vertical drilling of the drill tool. On the one hand, it is convenient to adjust the verticality of the drill tool. On the other hand, the drilling power loss is small and the drilling efficiency is higher. The hydraulic rotary drive and the hydraulic lifting drive can move horizontally on the slide, which facilitates the subsequent construction of bored piles and greatly improves the construction efficiency of bored piles. Secondly, An innovative high-pressure composite cutting circulation system has been designed. It uses high-pressure and low-pressure circulating fluid jets in conjunction with an alloy drill bit to cut the soil. At the same time, it uses high-pressure air to carry the circulating fluid and drill cuttings and discharge them outward along the slag discharge channel between the power drill rod and the borehole. On the one hand, it improves the soil cutting and crushing efficiency and can cope with common soil, old clay, thick layered sand layers, gravel layers and other geological conditions. On the other hand, high-pressure air carries the circulating fluid out quickly from the bottom of the hole, greatly improving the discharge efficiency of drill cuttings with larger particles, thereby greatly improving the drilling efficiency. At the same time, the high-pressure air maintains positive pressure in the borehole, improves the stability of the hole wall, and significantly increases the drilling depth.

[0047] 2. Technical solution

[0048] In order to achieve the above object, the technical solution provided by the present invention is:

[0049] The hydraulic lift drive is a hydraulic lift drive that is mounted on the hydraulic platform of the hydraulic press, and the hydraulic lift drive is a hydraulic lift drive that is mounted on the hydraulic platform of the hydraulic press, and the hydraulic lift drive is a hydraulic lift drive that is mounted on the hydraulic platform of the hydraulic press, wherein the hydraulic lift drive is a hydraulic lift drive that is mounted on the hydraulic platform of the hydraulic press, and the hydraulic lift drive is a hydraulic lift drive that is mounted on the hydraulic platform of the hydraulic press, wherein the hydraulic lift drive is a hydraulic lift drive that is mounted on the hydraulic platform of the hydraulic press, and the hydraulic lift drive is a hydraulic lift drive that is mounted on the hydraulic platform of the hydraulic press, wherein the hydraulic lift drive is a hydraulic lift drive that is mounted on the hydraulic platform of the hydraulic press, and the hydraulic lift drive is a hydraulic lift drive that is mounted on the hydraulic platform of the hydraulic press, wherein the hydraulic lift drive is a hydraulic lift drive that is mounted on the hydraulic platform of the hydraulic press, and the hydraulic lift drive is a hydraulic lift drive that is mounted on the hydraulic platform of the hydraulic press, wherein the hydraulic lift drive is a hydraulic lift drive that is mounted on the hydraulic platform of the hydraulic press,

[0050] The multi-channel rotary diverter is provided with mutually independent low-pressure circulating liquid channels, high-pressure circulating liquid channels and high-pressure air channels; the drilling tool includes an alloy drill bit and several sections of power drill rods, the alloy drill bit is connected to the multi-channel rotary diverter through the power drill rod, and the power drill rod is provided with a low-pressure delivery channel connected to the low-pressure circulating liquid channel, a high-pressure delivery channel connected to the high-pressure circulating liquid channel, and a high-pressure gas channel connected to the high-pressure air channel; the low-pressure delivery channel is connected to the drill bit low-pressure channel in the alloy drill bit, and is used to deliver the low-pressure circulating liquid to the bottom of the borehole; the high-pressure delivery channel is connected to the alloy nozzle on the alloy drill bit, and is used to form a high-pressure jet to cut the soil and clean the drill bit; the high-pressure gas channel is connected to the drill bit high-pressure air channel in the alloy drill bit, and is used to carry the circulating liquid and drill cuttings through the high-pressure air and discharge them outward along the slag discharge channel between the power drill rod and the borehole.

[0051] Furthermore, the cross-sectional shape of the power drill rod is a regular polygon, the hydraulic rotary driver is provided with a drive sleeve, and the drive sleeve has a transmission hole adapted to the cross-sectional shape of the power drill rod; the drill rod body of the power drill rod is provided with a drill rod upper joint and a drill rod lower joint at both ends, and adjacent power drill rods are fixedly connected by corresponding drill rod upper joints and drill rod lower joints; the lower end of the multi-channel rotary diverter has a rotating seat connecting section that can be fixedly connected to the above-mentioned drill rod upper joint; the upper end of the alloy drill bit has a drill bit connecting section that can be fixedly connected to the above-mentioned drill rod lower joint.

[0052] Furthermore, the alloy drill bit includes a drill bit rod, which has a cross-sectional structure with the same cross-sectional shape and size as the above-mentioned power drill rod, and a number of wing plates are distributed on the side walls of the drill bit rod, on which a number of alloy reaming bits are fixed, and the alloy nozzle is fixed on the wing plates; a spiral guide drill bit is also provided at the bottom of the drill bit rod, and the bottom of the spiral guide drill bit has a drill tip, and the drill bit low-pressure channel runs through the bottom of the spiral guide drill bit.

[0053] Furthermore, the rotating seat connecting joint and the upper joint of the drill pipe of the adjacent power drill pipe, the corresponding upper joint and lower joint of the drill pipe of the adjacent power drill pipe, and the drill bit connecting joint and the lower joint of the drill pipe of the adjacent power drill pipe are all connected by non-circular cross-section plug-in and fixed by connecting nuts; the upper joint of the drill pipe also has a channel joint for connecting to the corresponding channel, and the drill bit connecting joint also has a diverter joint for connecting to the corresponding channel.

[0054] Furthermore, the drill pipe upper joint has a male plug, the root of the male plug has a threaded connection section, the drill pipe lower joint has a female socket that can be adapted to the above-mentioned male plug, and a joint nut is movably provided on the outer side of the female socket; the lower end of the rotating seat connecting section has a docking slot that can be adapted to the above-mentioned male plug, and the outer side of the docking slot is movably provided with a drill pipe connecting nut that can be threadedly locked with the above-mentioned threaded connection section; the drill bit connecting section has a docking block that can be adapted to the above-mentioned female socket, and the root of the docking block has a threaded section that can be threadedly locked with the above-mentioned joint nut.

[0055] Furthermore, the hydraulic centralizer is composed of four telescopic centralizing cylinders distributed in a horizontal "cross" shape, the ends of the four telescopic centralizing cylinders are respectively fixedly connected to the connecting heads on the multi-channel rotary diverter, and the ends of the telescopic rods of the four telescopic centralizing cylinders are all equipped with centralizing positioning plates that can abut against the main machine frame.

[0056] Furthermore, the hydraulic lifting drive is composed of four multi-section telescopic hydraulic cylinders, the lower ends of the four multi-section telescopic hydraulic cylinders are respectively fixedly mounted on the extension parts of the slide, and the upper ends of the four multi-section telescopic hydraulic cylinders are respectively hinged to the cylinder body parts of the corresponding telescopic straightening cylinders.

[0057] Furthermore, the main engine chassis is provided with a sliding track, the sliding seat is provided with a slider that slides with the sliding track, and the sliding seat is also provided with a control room and a hydraulic pump group.

[0058] Furthermore, a crane is provided on one end of the main engine chassis away from the control room.

[0059] Furthermore, a pair of transverse track assemblies and a pair of longitudinal track assemblies are respectively provided at the bottom of the main chassis. The moving directions of the transverse track assembly and the longitudinal track assembly are perpendicular to each other. The transverse track assembly is installed on the main chassis through a transverse track telescopic cylinder, and the longitudinal track assembly is installed on the main chassis through a longitudinal track telescopic cylinder.

[0060] 3. Beneficial effects

[0061] Compared with the existing known technologies, the technical solution provided by the present invention has the following significant effects:

[0062] (1) The present invention relates to a high-efficiency reverse-circulation high-pressure composite cutting drill, which comprises a main chassis, a main frame, a slide, a hydraulic rotary drive, a hydraulic lifting drive, a hydraulic straightener, a multi-channel rotary diverter and a drilling tool. The slide is horizontally slidably mounted on the main chassis, and the slide has an extension that can slide in or out from the bottom of the main frame. The hydraulic rotary drive and the hydraulic lifting drive are respectively arranged on the extension of the slide. The hydraulic straightener is mounted on the top of the hydraulic lifting drive. The multi-channel rotary diverter is mounted on the hydraulic straightener and is located directly above the hydraulic rotary drive. When sliding into the mainframe, the upper portion of the drill tool is connected to the multi-channel rotary diverter, and the drill tool passes through the hydraulic rotary drive and cooperates with it. The hydraulic rotary drive and hydraulic lifting drive drive drive the drill tool to rotate forward and backward and move up and down. The use of this innovative drilling drive mechanism not only facilitates the vertical adjustment of the drill tool, but also reduces drilling power loss and improves drilling efficiency. In addition, the hydraulic rotary drive and hydraulic lifting drive can move horizontally on the slide to change their position. This allows subsequent bored pile construction to be carried out without moving the drilling rig, greatly improving the construction efficiency of bored piles.

[0063] In addition, a multi-channel rotary diverter is used to deliver high- and low-pressure circulating fluids and high-pressure air into the drill tool, forming a new type of high-pressure composite cutting reverse circulation system. High-pressure and low-pressure circulating fluid jets are used in conjunction with alloy drill bits to cut the soil. At the same time, high-pressure air carries the circulating fluid and drill cuttings and discharges them outward along the slag discharge channel between the power drill rod and the borehole. On the one hand, the soil cutting and crushing efficiency is improved, and the high-pressure jet can also clean the drill bit to prevent drill sticking. It can cope with common soil, old clay, thick layered sand layers, and gravel layers. On the other hand, high-pressure air carries the circulating fluid from the bottom of the hole for rapid discharge. The higher flow rate of circulating fluid greatly improves the discharge efficiency of drill cuttings with larger particles, thereby greatly improving drilling efficiency. At the same time, high-pressure air maintains positive pressure in the borehole, improves the stability of the hole wall, and significantly increases the drilling depth.

[0064] (2) The present invention provides a high-efficiency reverse-circulation high-pressure composite cutting drill rig, wherein the cross-sectional shape of the power drill rod is a regular polygon, and the hydraulic rotary drive has a drive sleeve adapted thereto. The hydraulic rotary drive can drive the rod body of the power drill rod to rotate, while allowing the power drill rod to move up and down in the drive sleeve, thereby pressing the drill rod downward for drilling. Combined with the multi-section assembly design of the power drill rod, the drilling depth can be greatly increased, thus meeting the efficient construction needs of ultra-deep drilling (depth exceeding 100 meters).

[0065] (3) The present invention provides a high-efficiency reverse circulation high-pressure composite cutting drill rig, whose alloy drill bit adopts a multi-wing hole expansion structure and has a spiral guide drill bit at the bottom, which cooperates with the circulating liquid jet on the drill bit to improve the cutting and crushing efficiency of the soil and the hole quality.

[0066] (4) The present invention provides a high-efficiency reverse circulation high-pressure composite cutting drill rig, wherein the multi-channel rotary diverter, each section of the power drill rod and the alloy drill bit are connected by non-circular cross-section interlocking and fixedly connected by connecting nuts. The non-circular cross-section interlocking is used to realize torque transmission, and the power transmission is stable and efficient. The connection reliability is improved by using the nut locking, and the nut does not transmit the drilling torque, which facilitates the rapid disassembly and assembly of the multi-channel rotary diverter, each section of the power drill rod and the alloy drill bit, further improving the on-site construction efficiency. At the same time, by using the channel joints on each male joint, the sealed connection between each channel can be quickly achieved when the drilling tool is assembled.

[0067] (5) The present invention provides a high-efficiency reverse circulation high-pressure composite cutting drill rig, whose hydraulic straightener consists of four telescopic straightening oil cylinders distributed in a horizontal "cross" shape. The ends of the four telescopic straightening oil cylinders are fixedly connected to the connectors on the multi-channel rotary diverter. The ends of the telescopic rods of the four telescopic straightening oil cylinders are all equipped with straightening positioning plates that can abut against the main machine frame. The hydraulic straightener can be controlled in two vertical directions, so that the verticality of the drilling tool can be guaranteed in both directions, thereby ensuring the verticality accuracy of the drill hole; at the same time, during drilling, the four telescopic straightening oil cylinders can be pressed against the main machine frame, and pressurized drilling can be performed, further improving construction efficiency.

[0068] (6) The present invention provides a high-efficiency reverse-cycle high-pressure composite cutting drill rig, whose hydraulic lifting drive is composed of four multi-section telescopic hydraulic cylinders. The lower ends of the four multi-section telescopic hydraulic cylinders are respectively fixedly mounted on the extension of the slide, and the upper ends of the four multi-section telescopic hydraulic cylinders are respectively hinged to the cylinder body of the corresponding telescopic straightening cylinder. The multi-section telescopic hydraulic cylinders can provide a greater drilling pressure and a longer telescopic stroke, ensuring that the design length of a single-section drill rod can be longer, reducing the frequency of disassembly and assembly of the drill rod during construction, and further improving construction efficiency.

[0069] (7) The present invention provides a high-efficiency reverse circulation high-pressure composite cutting drill rig, which is also provided with a control room and a hydraulic pump group on the slide to facilitate the control of drilling construction; a crane is also provided on the end of the main chassis away from the control room, which can facilitate the lowering and lifting of drill rods, the lowering and installation of steel cages, the pouring of conduits, etc., thereby improving the convenience of construction.

[0070] (8) The present invention provides a high-efficiency reverse cycle high-pressure composite cutting drill rig, and the bottom of the main chassis is provided with a pair of transverse track assemblies and a pair of longitudinal track assemblies. The traveling directions of the transverse track assembly and the longitudinal track assembly are perpendicular to each other and are mounted on the main chassis through corresponding telescopic oil cylinders. The transverse track assembly and the longitudinal track assembly can realize rapid movement of the entire machine in two directions, so that the drilling rig can be quickly moved into place, further improving the construction efficiency. In addition, during the construction process, the transverse track assembly and the longitudinal track assembly can both be supported on the ground, which provides better support for the drilling rig. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0071] Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of the three-dimensional structure of a high-efficiency reverse-cycle high-pressure composite cutting drill according to the present invention;

[0072] Figure 2 This is a schematic diagram of the three-dimensional structure of a high-efficiency reverse circulation high-pressure composite cutting drill rig of the present invention (drilling tools omitted);

[0073] Figure 3 A schematic diagram of the three-dimensional structure of a high-efficiency reverse-cycle high-pressure composite cutting drill according to the present invention (with the slide removed);

[0074] Figure 4 Schematic diagram of the assembly structure of the drilling tool in the present invention;

[0075] Figure 5 Schematic diagram of the cross-sectional structure of the multi-channel rotary diverter of the present invention;

[0076] Figure 6 Schematic diagram of the three-dimensional structure of the power drill rod in the present invention;

[0077] Figure 7 Schematic diagram of the cross-sectional structure of the power drill rod in the present invention;

[0078] Figure 8 Schematic diagram of the three-dimensional structure of the alloy drill bit of the present invention;

[0079] Figure 9 Schematic diagram of the front view of the alloy drill bit of the present invention;

[0080] Figure 10 for Figure 9 Schematic diagram of the cross-sectional structure in the AA direction;

[0081] Figure 11 This is a schematic diagram of a high-efficiency reverse cycle high-pressure composite cutting drill in operation according to the present invention;

[0082] Figure 12 This is a schematic structural diagram of the main part of the drilling rig in the present invention;

[0083] Figure 13 Schematic diagram of the three-dimensional structure of the drilling drive mechanism of the present invention;

[0084] Figure 14 It is a structural schematic diagram of the crawler assembly in the present invention.

[0085] Explanation of the numbers in the schematic diagram:

[0086] 1. Mainframe chassis; 1-1. Slide rail; 1-2. Through hole; 2. Transverse track assembly; 2-1. Transverse track telescopic cylinder; 3. Longitudinal track assembly; 3-1. Longitudinal track telescopic cylinder; 4. Mainframe frame; 5. Slide seat; 5-1. Sliding block; 6. Hydraulic rotary actuator; 7. Hydraulic lift actuator; 8. Hydraulic centralizer; 8-1. Telescopic centralizer cylinder; 8-2. Centralizer positioning plate; 9. Multi-channel rotary diverter; 9-1. Diverter seat; 9-1-1. Low-pressure circulating fluid interface ; 9-1-2, high-pressure circulating fluid interface; 9-1-3, high-pressure air interface; 9-1-4, limit ring; 9-2, rotating seat; 9-2-1, low-pressure circulating fluid channel; 9-2-2, high-pressure circulating fluid channel; 9-2-3, high-pressure air channel; 9-2-4, rotating seat connection; 9-2-4a, docking slot; 9-2-5, drill pipe connecting nut; 9-3, connector; 10, drilling tools; 101, power drill pipe; 101-1, drill pipe body; 101-1a, low pressure Delivery channel; 101-1b, high-pressure delivery channel; 101-1c, high-pressure gas channel; 101-2, drill pipe upper joint; 101-2a, male plug; 101-2b, channel joint; 101-2c, threaded connection section; 101-3, drill pipe lower joint; 101-3a, female socket; 101-3b, joint nut; 102, alloy drill bit; 102-1, drill bit rod; 102-1a, drill bit low-pressure channel; 102-1b, drill bit high-pressure channel; 102- 1c, drill bit high-pressure air channel; 102-1d, high-pressure air nozzle; 102-2, wing plate; 102-2a, wing plate circulating fluid channel; 102-3, alloy reaming cutter head; 102-4, alloy nozzle; 102-5, spiral guide drill bit; 102-6, alloy drilling cutter head; 102-7, drill bit connecting joint; 102-7a, docking block; 102-7b, diverter joint; 102-7c, threaded section; 11, control room; 12, hydraulic pump group; 13, crane. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0087] In order to further understand the content of the present invention, the present invention is described in detail with reference to the accompanying drawings and embodiments.

[0088] [Example]

[0089] Combine Figures 1 to 3As shown, a high-efficiency reverse-circulation high-pressure compound cutting drill rig of this embodiment includes a main frame 1, a main frame 4, a slide 5, a hydraulic rotary drive 6, a hydraulic lifting drive 7, a hydraulic centralizer 8, a multi-channel rotary diverter 9 and a drilling tool 10. The main frame 4 is fixedly mounted on the main frame 1. The main frame 1 is provided with a through hole 1-2 located below the main frame 4. The diameter of the through hole 1-2 is larger than the diameter of the drilled hole. The slide 5 is horizontally slidably mounted on the main frame 1, and the slide 5 has an extension that can slide in or out at the bottom of the main frame 4. The hydraulic rotary drive 6 and the hydraulic lifting drive 7 are respectively provided on the extension of the slide 5, so that they can slide in or out in the main frame 4 under the drive of the slide 5. Figure 1 and Figure 2 The figure shows the state where the hydraulic rotary drive 6 and the hydraulic lifting drive 7 are located in the main frame 4. In this state, drilling construction can be carried out. Figure 3 The diagram shows the hydraulic rotary drive 6 and hydraulic lift drive 7 removed from the mainframe 4. At this point, through-hole 1-2 is open, allowing subsequent construction work within the borehole, such as installing a reinforcement cage and grouting. A hydraulic centralizer 8 is mounted on top of the hydraulic lift drive 7, and a multi-channel rotary diverter 9 is mounted on the hydraulic centralizer 8 and directly above the hydraulic rotary drive 6. As the hydraulic rotary drive 6 and hydraulic lift drive 7 slide into the mainframe 4, the upper portion of the drill tool 10 connects to the multi-channel rotary diverter 9. The drill tool 10 passes through the hydraulic rotary drive 6 and engages with it, driving the drill tool 10 in forward and reverse rotation and up and down movement. The hydraulic centralizer 8 adjusts the verticality of the drill tool 10, the hydraulic lift drive 7 is used for pressurized drilling and drilling lift, and the hydraulic rotary drive 6 acts on the outer wall of the drill tool 10 to drive its rotation. The innovative drilling drive mechanism not only facilitates vertical adjustment of the drilling tool 10, but also reduces drilling power loss and improves drilling efficiency. Furthermore, the hydraulic rotary drive 6 and the hydraulic lifting drive 7 can move horizontally on the slide 5 to change their positions. This allows subsequent bored pile construction to proceed without moving the drilling rig, greatly improving bored pile construction efficiency.

[0090] like Figures 4 to 10As shown, the multi-channel rotary diverter 9 has a low-pressure circulating liquid channel 9-2-1, a high-pressure circulating liquid channel 9-2-2 and a high-pressure air channel 9-2-3 which are independent of each other, and can input low-pressure circulating liquid, high-pressure circulating liquid and high-pressure air through the multi-channel rotary diverter 9. The drilling tool 10 includes an alloy drill bit 102 and a plurality of sections of power drill rods 101. The alloy drill bit 102 is connected to the multi-channel rotary diverter 9 through the power drill rods 101. The power drill rods 101 have a low-pressure delivery channel 101-1a connected to the low-pressure circulating liquid channel 9-2-1, a high-pressure delivery channel 101-1b connected to the high-pressure circulating liquid channel 9-2-2, and a high-pressure gas channel 101-1c connected to the high-pressure air channel 9-2-3; the alloy drill bit 102 has a drill bit low-pressure channel 102-1a, a drill bit high-pressure channel 102-1b and a drill bit high-pressure air channel 102-1c. The low-pressure delivery channel 101-1a is connected with the drill bit low-pressure channel 102-1a in the alloy drill bit 102, and is used to deliver low-pressure circulating fluid to the bottom of the borehole; the high-pressure delivery channel 101-1 in the power drill rod 101 is connected with the alloy nozzle 102-4 on the alloy drill bit 102 through the drill bit high-pressure channel 102-1b, and is used to form a high-pressure jet to cut the soil and clean the drill bit; the high-pressure gas channel 101-1c in the power drill rod 101 is connected with the drill bit high-pressure air channel 102-1c in the alloy drill bit 102, and is used to carry the circulating fluid and drill cuttings through high-pressure air and discharge them outward along the slag discharge channel between the power drill rod 101 and the borehole. During drilling, low-pressure circulating fluid, high-pressure circulating fluid, and high-pressure air are delivered to the bottom of the hole via a multi-channel rotary diverter 9. The high-pressure circulating fluid is ejected through alloy nozzle 102-4 to form a cutting jet. The jet pressure can reach tens of megapascals to 200 MPa, enabling rapid cutting and crushing of the soil during the rotation of alloy drill bit 102. The high-pressure jet has extremely high crushing efficiency for ordinary soil, old clay, thick sand layers, and gravel layers. Simultaneously, the high-pressure jet cleans the drill bit, preventing it from becoming stuck. High-volume compressed air is delivered to the bottom of the hole via drilling tool 10, carrying the circulating fluid and drill cuttings along the outer slag discharge channel, using the outer side of the drill pipe as a large channel for reverse circulation.Because the area for removing drill cuttings differs from conventional reverse circulation (in conventional pump-suction reverse circulation and air-lift reverse circulation, the circulating mud is discharged outward through the inside of the drill pipe) and from conventional forward circulation (in conventional forward circulation, mud is pumped through the inside of the drill pipe to the bottom of the hole and then discharged outward, carrying drill cuttings with it. Since the mud relies on carrying drill cuttings upward, repeated crushing of gravel is required, resulting in extremely low drilling efficiency), this circulation system is called "reverse circulation." The technical basis of this "reverse circulation" is the injection of high-volume compressed air into the bottom of the hole to carry drill cuttings. This high-volume, high-compression gas can carry the circulating fluid for rapid discharge out of the hole. The increased flow rate significantly enhances its cuttings-carrying capacity and can carry large drill cuttings particles, eliminating the need for repeated crushing of gravel and significantly improving drilling efficiency. Furthermore, since the high-volume, high-compression air is discharged from the bottom of the hole to the top, it also flushes the clay, preventing it from sticking to the drill bit and significantly improving drilling efficiency. It can be seen that the high-efficiency reverse circulation high-pressure composite cutting drill rig of this embodiment has an innovatively designed high-pressure composite cutting circulation system, which uses high-pressure and low-pressure circulating fluid jets in conjunction with an alloy drill bit to cut the soil, and at the same time cooperates with high-pressure air to carry the circulating fluid and drill cuttings and discharge them outward along the slag discharge channel between the power drill rod and the borehole. On the one hand, the soil cutting and crushing efficiency is improved, and it can cope with ordinary soil, old clay, thick layered sand layers, and gravel layers. On the other hand, high-pressure air carries the circulating fluid from the bottom of the hole and discharges it quickly, which greatly improves the discharge efficiency of drill cuttings with larger particles, thereby greatly improving the drilling efficiency; at the same time, the high-pressure air maintains positive pressure in the borehole, improves the stability of the hole wall, and significantly increases the drilling depth, which can exceed 70~80 meters.

[0091] like Figure 4 and Figure 6As shown, in this embodiment, the cross-sectional shape of the power drill rod 101 is a regular polygon, preferably a regular hexagon. The hydraulic rotary driver 6 is provided with a drive sleeve, and the drive sleeve has a transmission hole adapted to the cross-sectional shape of the power drill rod 101. The power drill rod 101 can pass through the transmission hole of the drive sleeve, and the torque is transmitted by the regular polygonal rod body. The hydraulic rotary driver 6 uses a hydraulic motor and a gear transmission mechanism to drive the drive sleeve to rotate, thereby driving the power drill rod 101 to rotate and transmit the torque to the alloy drill bit 102, while allowing the power drill rod 101 to move up and down in the drive sleeve, thereby pressing the drill rod downward for drilling. The power drill pipe 101 has a drill pipe upper joint 101-2 and a drill pipe lower joint 101-3 at each end of the drill pipe body 101-1. Adjacent power drill pipes 101 are fixedly connected via the corresponding drill pipe upper joints 101-2 and drill pipe lower joints 101-3. The lower end of the multi-channel rotary diverter 9 has a rotating seat connection section 9-2-4 that is fixedly connected to the drill pipe upper joint 101-2. The upper end of the alloy drill bit 102 has a drill bit connection section 102-7 that is fixedly connected to the drill pipe lower joint 101-3. The multi-section assembly design of the power drill pipe 101 significantly increases drilling depth, meeting the requirements for efficient ultra-deep drilling (over 100 meters).

[0092] like Figures 8 to 10As shown, in this embodiment, the alloy drill bit 102 includes a drill shank 102-1 having the same cross-sectional shape and dimensions as the power drill shank 101 described above. Several wing plates 102-2 are distributed along the sidewalls of the drill shank 102-1, to which several alloy reaming bits 102-3 are fixed. An alloy nozzle 102-4 is also fixed to the wing plates 102-2. A spiral guide drill bit 102-5 is also provided at the bottom of the drill shank 102-1. The bottom of the spiral guide drill bit 102-5 has a drill tip, and a low-pressure channel 102-1a extends through the bottom of the spiral guide drill bit 102-5. The alloy drill bit 102 utilizes a multi-wing reaming structure and a spiral guide drill bit 102-5 at the bottom. This, combined with the circulating fluid jet on the drill bit, improves soil cutting and comminution efficiency and hole quality. Specifically, a three-wing drill bit structure can be adopted, namely, three wings 102-2 are evenly distributed at the lower end of the drill bit shaft 102-1. Each wing 102-2 is equipped with a wing plate circulating fluid channel 102-2a connected to the corresponding drill bit high-pressure channel 102-1b. The wing plate circulating fluid channel 102-2a is respectively connected to the corresponding alloy nozzle 102-4. The center of the spiral guide drill bit 102-5 has a circulating fluid through hole connected to the drill bit low-pressure channel 102-1a. The low-pressure circulating fluid can form a downward jet to assist in soil cutting. The drill bit high-pressure air channel 102-1c runs through the drill bit shaft 102-1, forming a high-pressure air nozzle 102-1d at the bottom of the drill bit shaft 102-1. An alloy drilling cutter 102-6 is also installed at the bottom end of the spiral blade of the spiral guide drill bit 102-5 to achieve rapid drilling in hard soil layers.

[0093] In this embodiment, the connection between the rotating seat connection section 9-2-4 and the drill pipe upper joint 101-2 of the adjacent power drill pipe 101, between the corresponding drill pipe upper joint 101-2 and the drill pipe lower joint 101-3 of the adjacent power drill pipe 101, and between the drill bit connection section 102-7 and the drill pipe lower joint 101-3 of the adjacent power drill pipe 101 all utilizes non-circular cross-section interlocking connections, and are secured by a locking nut. The non-circular cross-section interlocking connection enables stable torque transmission. The connecting nut in this case primarily serves as an axial connection, improving connection reliability. The nut does not transmit drilling torque, facilitating rapid assembly and disassembly of the multi-channel rotary diverter 9, each section of power drill pipe 101, and the alloy drill bit 102, further improving on-site construction efficiency. Furthermore, the drill pipe upper joint 101-2 also features a channel joint 101-2b for connecting to the corresponding channel, and the drill bit connection section 102-7 also features a diverter joint 102-7b for connecting to the corresponding channel. These connections enable rapid, sealed connections between the various channels during drill assembly. Specifically, refer to Figure 6 and Figure 7As shown, the drill pipe upper joint 101-2 has a male plug 101-2a, and the root of the male plug 101-2a has a threaded connection section 101-2c. The drill pipe lower joint 101-3 has a female socket 101-3a that can adapt to the above-mentioned male plug 101-2a. The cross-sectional shapes of the male plug 101-2a and the female socket 101-3a can both adopt regular polygons, such as regular hexagons, to transmit rotational torque; a joint nut 101-3b is movably provided on the outer side of the female socket 101-3a; the rotating seat connection section 9-2 -4 has a docking slot 9-2-4a at the lower end thereof which can be matched with the above-mentioned male plug 101-2a, and a drill pipe connecting nut 9-2-5 which can be threadedly locked with the above-mentioned threaded connecting section 101-2c is movably provided on the outer side of the docking slot 9-2-4a; the drill bit connecting section 102-7 has a docking plug block 102-7a which can be matched with the above-mentioned female socket 101-3a, and the root of the docking plug block 102-7a has a threaded section 102-7c which can be threadedly locked with the above-mentioned joint nut 101-3b. When connecting the multi-channel rotary diverter 9 to the adjacent power drill rod 101, align the male plug 101-2a of the power drill rod 101 with the docking slot 9-2-4a on the rotating seat connecting section 9-2-4 and insert it, then use the drill rod connecting nut 9-2-5 to lock and fix it with the threaded connection section 101-2c at the root of the male plug 101-2a; similarly, when connecting two adjacent power drill rods 101, first align the male plug 101-2a of the lower power drill rod 101 with the male plug 101-2a of the upper power drill rod 101. The female socket 101-3a of the power drill rod 101 is first aligned with the female socket 101-3a of the power drill rod 101, and then the joint nut 101-3b is used to lock and fix it with the corresponding threaded connection section 101-2c; when connecting the power drill rod 101 and the alloy drill bit 102, the docking plug 102-7a of the alloy drill bit 102 is first aligned with the female socket 101-3a of the upper power drill rod 101, and then the joint nut 101-3b is used to lock and fix it with the threaded section 102-7c on the drill bit connection section 102-7. With the above-mentioned connection structure, the assembly and disassembly operations are simple and fast, and the connection and transmission are reliable and stable. The above-mentioned drill rod connection nut 9-2-5 and the joint nut 101-3b can both adopt a threaded sleeve structure, and their upper ends can be rotatably maintained on the corresponding rotating seat connection section 9-2-4 and the drill rod lower joint 101-3, which is easy to use.

[0094] Reference Figure 5As shown, the multi-channel rotary diverter 9 is mainly composed of a diverter seat 9-1 and a rotating seat 9-2. The rotating seat 9-2 is axially rotatably installed in the diverter seat 9-1. The low-pressure circulating liquid channel 9-2-1, the high-pressure circulating liquid channel 9-2-2 and the high-pressure air channel 9-2-3 are respectively arranged on the rotating seat 9-2. There are annular grooves connected to the low-pressure circulating liquid channel 9-2-1, the high-pressure circulating liquid channel 9-2-2 and the high-pressure air channel 9-2-3 between the diverter seat 9-1 and the rotating seat 9-2. A low-pressure circulating fluid interface 9-1-1, a high-pressure circulating fluid interface 9-1-2, and a high-pressure air interface 9-1-3 are provided. The low-pressure circulating fluid interface 9-1-1 is connected to the low-pressure circulating fluid channel 9-2-1 via a corresponding annular groove, the high-pressure circulating fluid interface 9-1-2 is connected to the high-pressure circulating fluid channel 9-2-2 via a corresponding annular groove, and the high-pressure air interface 9-1-3 is connected to the high-pressure air channel 9-2-3 via a corresponding annular groove. Several sealing rings are provided between the rotating mating surfaces of the diverter seat 9-1 and the rotating seat 9-2 to seal the respective annular grooves. A retaining ring 9-1-4 is also provided at the bottom of the diverter seat 9-1 to limit the axial position of the rotating seat 9-2. The rotating seat connecting section 9-2-4 is fixedly mounted at the lower end of the rotating seat 9-2. The connector 9-3 is fixedly mounted to the diverter seat 9-1. During operation, the diverter seat 9-1 does not rotate, while the rotating seat 9-2 rotates with the rotation of the drilling tool 10. Figure 5 Three high-pressure circulating fluid interfaces 9-1-2 are shown, which correspond to three high-pressure circulating fluid channels 9-2-2 (there is only one high-pressure circulating fluid channel 9-2-2 in the cross-sectional view of the figure, and the other two are distributed in the circumferential direction of the rotating seat 9-2). The three high-pressure circulating fluid channels 9-2-2 can be connected to the alloy nozzles 102-4 of each combination of the above-mentioned three-wing drill bit. The drilling rig of this embodiment also has external equipment, which includes a high-pressure circulating liquid grouting pump, a low-pressure and large-volume circulating liquid grouting pump, a high-capacity air compressor, a cyclone desander, and a matching circulating liquid sedimentation tank, a circulation tank and a circulation trough, etc. The high-pressure circulating liquid grouting pump is connected to the high-pressure circulating liquid interface 9-1-2 in the multi-channel rotary diverter 9, the low-pressure and large-volume circulating liquid grouting pump is connected to the low-pressure circulating liquid interface 9-1-1 in the multi-channel rotary diverter 9, and the high-capacity air compressor is connected to the high-pressure air interface 9-1-3 in the multi-channel rotary diverter 9. The circulating liquid in the borehole carries the drill cuttings and is discharged from the top of the hole, sent into the sedimentation tank through the circulation trough, and sent into the circulation tank after being filtered by the cyclone desander. The high-pressure circulating liquid grouting pump and the low-pressure and large-volume circulating liquid grouting pump pump the circulating liquid in the circulation tank back to the bottom of the hole to participate in the drilling operation.

[0095] like Figures 1 to 3 And refer to Figure 13As shown, in this embodiment, the hydraulic straightener 8 is composed of four telescopic straightening cylinders 8-1 arranged in a horizontal "cross" shape. The ends of the four telescopic straightening cylinders 8-1 are respectively fixedly connected to the connectors 9-3 on the multi-channel rotary diverter 9. The ends of the telescopic rods of the four telescopic straightening cylinders 8-1 are all installed with straightening positioning plates 8-2 that can abut against the main frame 4. Specifically, the cylinder bodies of the four telescopic straightening cylinders 8-1 are fixed together in a "cross" shape by the connectors 9-3. The telescopic rods of adjacent telescopic straightening cylinders 8-1 are extended and retracted in perpendicular directions, thus forming a verticality adjustment structure in two directions. The straightening positioning plate 8-2 can be a semi-cylindrical plate with its concave side facing outward. The main frame 4 is a rectangular frame structure with four columns. A round rod is welded and fixed to the inner edge of each column. When adjusting the verticality of the drill tool 10, the telescopic rods of the four telescopic centralizing cylinders 8-1 extend outward, causing each centralizing positioning plate 8-2 to rest against a corresponding round bar on the mainframe 4. By extending and retracting the telescopic centralizing cylinders 8-1 in two directions, the verticality of the drill tool 10 mounted on the multi-channel rotary diverter 9 is adjusted. The hydraulic centralizer 8 can be controlled in two vertical directions, ensuring the verticality of the drill tool 10 in both directions and guaranteeing precise verticality of the drilled hole. Furthermore, during drilling, the four telescopic centralizing cylinders 8-1 can be pressed against the mainframe 4, enabling pressurized drilling and further improving construction efficiency.

[0096] catch Figure 13As shown, in this embodiment, the hydraulic lift actuator 7 is composed of four multi-section telescopic hydraulic cylinders. The lower ends of the four multi-section telescopic hydraulic cylinders are fixedly mounted on the extension of the slide 5, and the upper ends of the four multi-section telescopic hydraulic cylinders are articulated with the cylinder bodies of corresponding telescopic straightening cylinders 8-1. During the drilling process, the four multi-section telescopic hydraulic cylinders operate synchronously, driving the hydraulic straightening device 8 downward, thereby driving the drilling tool 10 downward through the multi-channel rotary diverter 9, achieving continuous drilling of the drilling tool 10. The multi-section telescopic hydraulic cylinders provide greater drilling pressure and a longer telescopic stroke, allowing the design length of a single drill pipe to be longer, reducing the frequency of drill pipe disassembly and assembly during construction, further improving construction efficiency. It should be noted that during the drilling process, the four telescopic straightening cylinders 8-1 appropriately retract, allowing the straightening plate 8-2 to slide freely relative to the round rod. If drilling encounters resistance, the four telescopic straightening cylinders 8-1 can be extended to press against the main frame 4, assisting the hydraulic lift actuator 7 in offsetting the drilling reaction force. The lifting stroke of the hydraulic lifting drive 7 is greater than the length of a single-section power drill rod 101. When installing the drill rod, loosen the drill rod connecting nut 9-2-5 on the multi-channel rotary diverter 9, control the hydraulic lifting drive 7 to move upward, and then connect the newly added power drill rod 101 between the multi-channel rotary diverter 9 and the power drill rod 101 at the lower end. During this operation, the telescopic straightening cylinder 8-1 can also be controlled to extend and press against the main frame 4 to improve operational safety.

[0097] like Figure 2 and Figure 3As shown, in this embodiment, the mainframe chassis 1 is provided with a slide track 1-1, and the slide 5 is provided with a slider 5-1 that slidably engages with the slide track 1-1. The slide 5 is capable of sliding along the slide track 1-1 on the mainframe chassis 1. To facilitate the sliding control of the slide 5, a telescopic hydraulic cylinder can be installed between the mainframe chassis 1 and the slide 5. The telescopic hydraulic cylinder controls the movement of the slide 5, and the hydraulic lock of the telescopic hydraulic cylinder can be used to lock the position of the slide 5 to ensure the stability of the slide 5 in the drilling position. It should be understood that when the extended portion of the slide 5 slides in or out of the mainframe frame 4, the four telescopic centralizing cylinders 8-1 are retracted to facilitate smooth passage through the mainframe frame 4. The slide 5 is also provided with a control room 11 and a hydraulic pump unit 12. The hydraulic pump unit 12 is used to provide hydraulic power to hydraulic actuators such as the hydraulic rotation drive 6, the hydraulic lifting drive 7, and the hydraulic centralizer 8. The control room 11 integrates a console for controlling the entire drilling rig. In addition, a crane 13 is installed on the end of the main chassis 1, away from the control room 11. This integrated crane 13 facilitates the lowering and lifting of drill pipes, the installation of rebar cages, and the pouring of pipes, thereby improving construction convenience. Using the crane 13 to lift the drill, multiple sections of drill pipe can be lifted at once, increasing drilling efficiency. The control principles of the control room 11, the hydraulic system of the hydraulic pump unit 12, and the structural principles of the crane 13 are similar to those of the prior art and will not be further described.

[0098] like Figure 11 、 Figure 12 and Figure 14 As shown, in this embodiment, a pair of transverse crawler assemblies 2 and a pair of longitudinal crawler assemblies 3 are further provided at the bottom of the main chassis 1. The transverse crawler assemblies 2 and the longitudinal crawler assemblies 3 travel in perpendicular directions. The transverse crawler assembly 2 is mounted on the main chassis 1 via a transverse crawler telescopic cylinder 2-1, while the longitudinal crawler assembly 3 is mounted on the main chassis 1 via a longitudinal crawler telescopic cylinder 3-1. In other words, both the transverse crawler assembly 2 and the longitudinal crawler assembly 3 are capable of telescopic movement. When the longitudinal crawler assembly 3 is retracted off the ground, the two sets of transverse crawler assemblies 2 can be used to move the drilling rig laterally; conversely, when the transverse crawler assembly 2 is retracted off the ground, the two sets of longitudinal crawler assemblies 3 can be used to move the drilling rig longitudinally. This design enables rapid movement of the entire machine in two directions, allowing the drilling rig to be quickly moved into position, further improving construction efficiency; and during the construction process, both the transverse track assembly 2 and the longitudinal track assembly 3 can be supported on the ground, providing better support for the drilling rig.

[0099] Figure 11 The diagram shows the drilling state of a high-efficiency reverse cycle high-pressure composite cutting drill according to the present invention. In order to further understand the structural principle of the present invention, the construction process of the present invention is briefly described in conjunction with the accompanying drawings.

[0100] The present invention provides a high-efficiency reverse-circulation high-pressure composite cutting drill, which is mainly used for the construction of bored piles. The construction steps are as follows:

[0101] 1. Select the appropriate drill rod and drill bit according to the design drawings and engineering geological survey report;

[0102] 2. Use the transverse crawler assembly 2 and the longitudinal crawler assembly 3 to quickly move the drilling rig into position and align it;

[0103] 3. Connect the high-pressure circulating fluid grouting pump, low-pressure and high-volume circulating fluid grouting pump, high-capacity air compressor, cyclone desander and other external equipment in sequence;

[0104] 4. First, select a suitable alloy nozzle 102-4 and install it on the alloy drill bit 102. Pass the first section of the power drill rod 101 through the drive sleeve of the hydraulic rotary driver 6 and securely connect it to the alloy drill bit 102 below.

[0105] 5. Connect each pipeline in sequence, and dig supporting sedimentation tanks, circulation tanks and circulation troughs;

[0106] 6. Start the grouting pump and air compressor, and check whether all pipelines are unobstructed;

[0107] 7. Start the hydraulic rotary driver 6, use the hydraulic power pump to drive the power turntable to rotate, and drive the power drill rod 101 through the drive sleeve to perform rotary drilling;

[0108] 8. According to the designed hole depth, 9. Connect each drill rod in turn and start drilling;

[0109] 9. After drilling to the predetermined depth, conduct a final hole inspection;

[0110] 10. Carry out the first hole cleaning. After the hole cleaning meets the standards, lift the drill.

[0111] 11. After the drill rod and drill bit are lifted, move the slide 5 away from the opening of the through hole 1-2;

[0112] 12. Use the crane 13 to lower the steel cage, and after the steel cage is lowered into place, lower the guide tube;

[0113] 13. After the catheter is in place, perform secondary hole cleaning;

[0114] 14. After the hole is cleaned, perform the first irrigation and remove the catheter in sequence according to the irrigation situation.

[0115] 15. Pour concrete until the top of the pile and the design elevation are reached to complete the construction of a bored pile.

[0116] In summary, the high-efficiency reverse-cycle high-pressure composite cutting drill of the present invention has at least the following beneficial effects and technical features compared with the prior art:

[0117] (1) Efficient power transmission and cutting ability: By optimizing the power transmission system and drill bit design, energy loss is reduced and the cutting efficiency of the drill bit is improved;

[0118] (2) Adaptability to complex geological conditions: Ability to drill efficiently in complex geological conditions such as old clay, clay, thick layered sand and gravel layers;

[0119] (3) Stable mud circulation system: avoids collapse problems caused by negative pressure, while improving the mud's carrying capacity, ensuring that drill cuttings can be discharged in time and improving drilling efficiency;

[0120] (4) High-depth drilling capability: not limited by vacuum degree, it can maintain high efficiency at a drilling depth of 70 to 80 meters or even deeper;

[0121] (5) Efficient walking method: adopt a new walking system to improve the mobility of the drilling rig and reduce construction time;

[0122] (6) Accurate verticality control: Ensure the verticality accuracy of the drill hole through multi-directional stabilizers;

[0123] (7) Adapt to construction in soft soil areas: Compared with rotary drilling rigs, it reduces the disturbance to the soil, while improving the effect of mud wall protection and preventing hole collapse;

[0124] (8) Reduce the frequency of drilling: By improving the drill bit design and construction process, and coordinating with an integrated crane, the frequency of drilling can be reduced, construction efficiency can be improved, and construction costs can be reduced.

[0125] The above is a schematic description of the present invention and its embodiments, which is not restrictive. The drawings show only one embodiment of the present invention, and the actual structure is not limited thereto. Therefore, if a person skilled in the art is inspired by this and, without departing from the purpose of the present invention, designs structures and embodiments similar to this technical solution without creatively designing them, they shall fall within the scope of protection of the present invention.

Claims

1. A high-efficiency reverse cycle high-pressure composite cutting drill, characterized by: The invention comprises a main chassis (1), a main frame (4), a slide (5), a hydraulic rotary drive (6), a hydraulic lifting drive (7), a hydraulic straightener (8), a multi-channel rotary diverter (9) and a drilling tool (10), wherein the main frame (4) is fixedly mounted on the main chassis (1), the main chassis (1) is provided with a through hole (1-2) located below the main frame (4), the slide (5) is horizontally slidably mounted on the main chassis (1), and the slide (5) has an extension portion that can slide in or out of the bottom of the main frame (4), the hydraulic rotary drive (6) and the hydraulic lifting drive (7) are respectively arranged on the slide (5 ... On the extension part, the hydraulic centralizer (8) is installed on the top of the hydraulic lifting driver (7), and the multi-channel rotary diverter (9) is installed on the hydraulic centralizer (8) and is located directly above the hydraulic rotary driver (6); when the hydraulic rotary driver (6) and the hydraulic lifting driver (7) slide into the main frame (4), the upper part of the drilling tool (10) is connected to the multi-channel rotary diverter (9), and the drilling tool (10) passes through the hydraulic rotary driver (6) and cooperates with the transmission, and drives the drilling tool (10) to perform forward and reverse rotation and up and down lifting movements through the hydraulic rotary driver (6) and the hydraulic lifting driver (7); wherein: The multi-channel rotary diverter (9) has a low-pressure circulating fluid channel (9-2-1), a high-pressure circulating fluid channel (9-2-2), and a high-pressure air channel (9-2-3) that are independent of each other; the drilling tool (10) includes an alloy drill bit (102) and a plurality of sections of power drill rods (101); the alloy drill bit (102) is connected to the multi-channel rotary diverter (9) through the power drill rod (101); the power drill rod (101) has a low-pressure transmission channel (101-1a) connected to the low-pressure circulating fluid channel (9-2-1), a high-pressure transmission channel (101-1b) connected to the high-pressure circulating fluid channel (9-2-2), and a high-pressure air channel (9-2-3) connected to the high-pressure circulating fluid channel (9-2-1). 3) a connected high-pressure gas channel (101-1c); the low-pressure delivery channel (101-1a) is connected to the drill bit low-pressure channel (102-1a) in the alloy drill bit (102) and is used to deliver low-pressure circulating fluid to the bottom of the drill hole; the high-pressure delivery channel (101-1b) is connected to the alloy nozzle (102-4) on the alloy drill bit (102) and is used to form a high-pressure jet to cut the soil and clean the drill bit; the high-pressure gas channel (101-1c) is connected to the drill bit high-pressure air channel (102-1c) in the alloy drill bit (102) and is used to carry the circulating fluid and drill cuttings through the high-pressure air and discharge them outward along the slag discharge channel between the power drill rod (101) and the drill hole.

2. The high-efficiency reverse cycle high-pressure composite cutting drill according to claim 1, characterized in that: The cross-sectional shape of the power drill rod (101) is a regular polygon; the hydraulic rotary driver (6) is provided with a drive sleeve, the drive sleeve having a transmission hole adapted to the cross-sectional shape of the power drill rod (101); a drill rod upper joint (101-2) and a drill rod lower joint (101-3) are respectively provided at both ends of a drill rod body (101-1) of the power drill rod (101); adjacent power drill rods (101) are fixedly connected via corresponding drill rod upper joints (101-2) and drill rod lower joints (101-3); the lower end of the multi-channel rotary diverter (9) is provided with a rotating seat connecting section (9-2-4) capable of being fixedly connected to the drill rod upper joint (101-2); and the upper end of the alloy drill bit (102) is provided with a drill bit connecting section (102-7) capable of being fixedly connected to the drill rod lower joint (101-3).

3. The high-efficiency reverse cycle high-pressure composite cutting drill according to claim 2, characterized in that: The alloy drill bit (102) comprises a drill rod (102-1), the drill rod (102-1) having a cross-sectional structure with the same cross-sectional shape and size as the power drill rod (101); a plurality of wing plates (102-2) are distributed on the side wall of the drill rod (102-1); a plurality of alloy reaming cutter bits (102-3) are fixed on the wing plates (102-2); and the alloy nozzle (102-4) is fixed on the wing plates (102-2); a spiral guide drill bit (102-5) is further provided at the bottom of the drill rod (102-1); the bottom of the spiral guide drill bit (102-5) has a drill tip; and the drill bit low-pressure channel (102-1a) penetrates to the bottom of the spiral guide drill bit (102-5).

4. The high-efficiency reverse cycle high-pressure composite cutting drill according to claim 2, characterized in that: The rotating seat connection joint (9-2-4) and the drill rod upper joint (101-2) of the adjacent power drill rod (101), the corresponding drill rod upper joint (101-2) and the drill rod lower joint (101-3) of the adjacent power drill rod (101), and the drill bit connection joint (102-7) and the drill rod lower joint (101-3) of the adjacent power drill rod (101) all adopt non-circular cross-section butt plugging and are locked and fixedly connected by connecting nuts; the drill rod upper joint (101-2) also has a channel joint (101-2b) for connecting to a corresponding channel, and the drill bit connection joint (102-7) also has a diverter joint (102-7b) for connecting to a corresponding channel.

5. The high-efficiency reverse cycle high-pressure composite cutting drill according to claim 4, characterized in that: The drill pipe upper joint (101-2) has a male plug (101-2a), the root of the male plug (101-2a) has a threaded connection section (101-2c), the drill pipe lower joint (101-3) has a female socket (101-3a) that can be matched with the male plug (101-2a), and a joint nut (101-3b) is movably provided on the outer side of the female socket (101-3a); the lower end of the rotating seat connecting section (9-2-4) has a threaded connection section (101-2c) that can be matched with the male plug (101-2a). The drill bit connecting section (102-7) is provided with a docking slot (9-2-4a) matched thereto, and a drill rod connecting nut (9-2-5) capable of being thread-lockedly connected to the threaded connecting section (101-2c) is movably provided on the outer side of the docking slot (9-2-4a); the drill bit connecting section (102-7) is provided with a docking plug (102-7a) capable of being matched with the female socket (101-3a), and the root of the docking plug (102-7a) is provided with a threaded section (102-7c) capable of being thread-lockedly connected to the joint nut (101-3b).

6. The high-efficiency reverse circulation high-pressure composite cutting drill according to any one of claims 1 to 5, characterized in that: The hydraulic centralizer (8) is composed of four telescopic centralizing oil cylinders (8-1) arranged in a horizontal "cross" shape. The ends of the four telescopic centralizing oil cylinders (8-1) are respectively fixedly connected to the connectors (9-3) on the multi-channel rotary diverter (9). The ends of the telescopic rods of the four telescopic centralizing oil cylinders (8-1) are all equipped with centralizing positioning plates (8-2) capable of abutting against the main machine frame (4).

7. The high-efficiency reverse cycle high-pressure composite cutting drill according to claim 6, characterized in that: The hydraulic lifting drive (7) is composed of four multi-section telescopic hydraulic cylinders, the lower ends of the four multi-section telescopic hydraulic cylinders are respectively fixedly mounted on the extension of the slide (5), and the upper ends of the four multi-section telescopic hydraulic cylinders are respectively hinged to the cylinder body parts of the corresponding telescopic righting cylinders (8-1).

8. The high-efficiency reverse cycle high-pressure composite cutting drill according to claim 7, characterized in that: A sliding track (1-1) is provided on the main engine chassis (1), a slider (5-1) that slides in cooperation with the sliding track (1-1) is provided on the slide seat (5), and a control room (11) and a hydraulic pump group (12) are also provided on the slide seat (5).

9. The high-efficiency reverse cycle high-pressure composite cutting drill according to claim 8, characterized in that: A crane (13) is also provided on one end of the main engine chassis (1) away from the control room (11).

10. The high-efficiency reverse circulation high-pressure composite cutting drill according to any one of claims 1 to 5, characterized in that: A pair of transverse crawler assemblies (2) and a pair of longitudinal crawler assemblies (3) are respectively provided at the bottom of the main chassis (1); the traveling directions of the transverse crawler assemblies (2) and the longitudinal crawler assemblies (3) are perpendicular to each other; the transverse crawler assembly (2) is mounted on the main chassis (1) via a transverse crawler telescopic oil cylinder (2-1); and the longitudinal crawler assembly (3) is mounted on the main chassis (1) via a longitudinal crawler telescopic oil cylinder (3-1).

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