A tunnel boring equipment for coal mining

Abstract

The present invention discloses a tunnel excavation device for coal mine excavation, which belongs to the technical field of tunnel excavation; the device comprises a machine body, a shovel plate is installed at one end of the machine body, the top of the shovel plate is symmetrically rotatably connected to a claw, both sides of the shovel plate are fixedly connected to a mounting plate, the two mounting plates are slidably connected to a first baffle on the opposite sides, one end of the first baffle is rotatably connected to a second baffle for collecting materials, a driving component for driving the first baffle and the second baffle to move is installed inside the mounting plate, a guide component for guiding the movement of the first baffle and the second baffle is installed on the side of the mounting plate, and a rotating component for controlling the second baffle to rotate around the first baffle is installed inside the mounting plate; the present invention has the advantages of efficiently collecting materials outside the shovel plate and optimizing the material collection path; and solves the problem that the accumulated materials on both sides of the shovel plate are difficult to handle.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The invention belongs to the technical field of tunnel excavation, and in particular relates to tunnel excavation equipment for coal mine development. Background Art

[0002] Tunnel excavation is a key link in coal mining. The existing excavation equipment is represented by cantilevered tunnel boring machines, which are mainly composed of a cutting system, a loading system, a traveling system and a control system. The cutting system crushes coal and rock through a rotating cutting head (equipped with pick-type or knife-type cutters), and its swinging mechanism can achieve full-range cutting of the tunnel section; the loading system includes a shovel, claws (star wheel or spiral type) and a scraper conveyor, which is responsible for collecting and transporting the crushed materials backward; the traveling system mostly adopts a crawler structure to adapt to the complex terrain underground; the control system integrates electrical and hydraulic components to realize the automatic operation of the equipment.

[0003] The front end of the shovel of an existing tunnel boring machine is usually equipped with symmetrical claws, which are driven by a star wheel to load the material to the central scraper conveyor. However, in actual operation, the fragments generated when the cutting head cuts coal and rock (especially when cutting with side swing or crushing hard rock) are easy to splash to the outside of the shovel, and the claws are located on the inside of the shovel, resulting in the material on the outside of the shovel cannot be effectively collected. If these scattered materials are not cleaned up in time, they will accumulate between the shovel and the tunnel wall, affecting the walking stability of the equipment and even blocking subsequent transportation routes. At present, mining companies generally use manual cleaning to deal with the accumulated materials on both sides of the shovel, which increases the labor intensity of workers. Summary of the Invention

[0004] The present invention overcomes the shortcomings of the prior art and proposes a tunneling device for coal mining; the present invention is achieved through the following technical solutions:

[0005] A tunnel excavation equipment used in coal mine development includes a machine body, a cutting head is installed at one end of the machine body, a shovel plate is installed at one end of the machine body below the cutting head, the top of the shovel plate is symmetrically rotatably connected to a claw, both sides of the shovel plate are fixedly connected to a mounting plate, the two opposite sides of the mounting plates are slidably connected to a first baffle, one end of the first baffle is rotatably connected to a second baffle for collecting materials, a driving component for driving the first baffle and the second baffle to move is installed inside the mounting plate, a guide component for guiding the movement of the first baffle and the second baffle is installed on the side of the mounting plate, and a rotating component for controlling the second baffle to rotate around the first baffle is installed inside the mounting plate.

[0006] Furthermore, the driving assembly includes a reciprocating screw, a first slider, a first connecting rod and a longitudinal slide groove. The internal rotation of the mounting plate is connected to the reciprocating screw, the outer sliding connection of the reciprocating screw is connected to the first slider, the top of the first slider is fixedly connected to the first connecting rod, and a longitudinal slide groove is opened on the side of the first baffle close to the first connecting rod, and the first connecting rod slides in the longitudinal slide groove.

[0007] Furthermore, a driving pulley is fixedly connected to the bottom of the claw, and a driven pulley is rotatably connected to the inside of the claw. The driving pulley and the driven pulley are connected through a belt transmission. The bottom of the driven pulley is symmetrically and slidingly connected to the first transmission rod, and the reciprocating screw rod is fixedly connected to a disc at one end close to the driven pulley, and the disc is slidably connected to the first transmission rod.

[0008] Furthermore, the guide assembly includes a guide rail, a guide column, a circular hole and a first spring. The two mounting plates are each provided with a guide rail on opposite sides thereof. The first baffle is slidably connected to the guide column on the side close to the mounting plate. One end of the guide column slides in the guide rail. The other end of the guide column is provided with a circular hole. The inside of the circular hole is fixedly connected to the first spring. One end of the first spring is fixedly connected to the first baffle.

[0009] Furthermore, the guide rail consists of a left inclined rail, a right inclined rail and two cross rails; the depth of the two cross rails is the same, the depth of the bottom of the left inclined rail is greater than the depth of the cross rail, the depth of the top of the left inclined rail is equal to the depth of the cross rail, the depth of the left inclined rail changes evenly from bottom to top and gradually decreases, the depth of the top of the right inclined rail is greater than the depth of the cross rail, the depth of the bottom of the right inclined rail is equal to the depth of the cross rail, and the depth of the right inclined rail changes evenly from top to bottom and gradually decreases.

[0010] Furthermore, the rotating assembly includes a second connecting rod, a second slider, a transverse sliding groove, a threaded sleeve, a threaded rod, a U-shaped block, a rotating block, a gear, a rack and a second spring. A second connecting rod is installed between the first baffle and the second baffle, and one end of the second connecting rod close to the second baffle is rotatably connected to the second slider. A transverse sliding groove is opened on the side of the second baffle, and the second slider slides in the transverse sliding groove. One end of the second connecting rod close to the first baffle is rotatably connected to the outer wall of the first baffle, and the inside of the first baffle is rotatably connected to the threaded sleeve, the inner wall of the threaded sleeve is threadedly connected to the threaded rod, the end of the threaded rod is fixedly connected to the U-shaped block, and the middle of the U-shaped block is rotatably connected to the rotating block. The rotating block is sleeved on the outside of the second connecting rod, and one end of the threaded sleeve close to the mounting plate extends into the mounting plate and is fixedly connected to the gear. A rack is installed inside the mounting plate, and the gear is meshed with the rack. The bottom of the rack is equidistantly fixedly connected to multiple groups of second springs, and the bottom of the second spring is fixedly connected to the mounting plate.

[0011] Furthermore, a protective cover is fixedly connected to the side of the first baffle, and the protective cover is arranged on the outside of the U-shaped block. Square grooves are opened on both sides of the protective cover. Protective plates for covering the square grooves are rotatably connected to both sides of the protective cover. A third spring is fixedly connected to the top of the protective plate, and the third spring is fixedly connected to the inner wall of the protective cover.

[0012] Furthermore, the bottoms of the first baffle and the second baffle are equidistantly slidably connected with adjustment rods; the first baffle and the adjustment rod at the bottom, as well as the second baffle and the adjustment rod at the bottom are both connected via a fourth spring.

[0013] Furthermore, a bellows is fixedly connected to the top of the second baffle, and a dust removal assembly for removing dust is installed inside the bellows.

[0014] Furthermore, the dust removal assembly includes a cyclone dust collector, a protection box, a driven bevel gear, a fan body, a driving bevel gear, a second transmission rod and a transmission bevel gear; the cyclone dust collector is fixedly connected to both sides of the body, the bottom of the cyclone dust collector is introduced into the top of the conveyor belt inside the body through a pipe, the side of the cyclone dust collector is connected to the bellows through a pipe, the inside of the pipe above the mounting plate is fixedly connected to the protection box, the inside of the protection box is rotatably connected to the driven bevel gear, one end of the driven bevel gear is fixedly connected to the fan body, one end of the reciprocating screw is fixedly connected to the driving bevel gear, the bottom of the protection box is rotatably connected to the second transmission rod, the bottom end of the second transmission rod extends into the mounting plate, and both ends of the second transmission rod are fixedly connected to the transmission bevel gear, and the two transmission bevel gears are respectively meshed with the driving bevel gear and the driven bevel gear.

[0015] The beneficial effects of the present invention compared to the prior art are:

[0016] 1. Collect materials outside the shovel to reduce manual intervention:

[0017] By arranging a movable first baffle and a rotatable second baffle on both sides of the shovel plate, under the coordinated action of the driving assembly, the guide assembly and the rotating assembly, the materials splashed to the outside of the shovel plate during the cutting process can be actively gathered to the middle of the shovel plate. When the equipment is running, the driving assembly drives the first baffle to extend outward, and at the same time the rotating assembly causes the second baffle to rotate around the first baffle, forming a stirring and gathering effect on the scattered materials, so that the materials are effectively guided into the working range of the claws, and are loaded into the conveying system by the claws. This process does not require manual cleaning, significantly reduces the labor intensity of workers, avoids the problem of material accumulation affecting the walking stability of the equipment and blocking the transportation route, and improves the safety and continuity of coal mining.

[0018] 2. Optimize material collection path:

[0019] The guide rail of the guide assembly adopts a special structure composed of a left inclined rail, a right inclined rail and a cross rail, which guides the first baffle to extend horizontally outward to cover the outer area of the shovel plate during movement. After being fully pushed out, it moves diagonally upward along the inclined rail, so that the first baffle and the second baffle leave the ground when resetting, avoiding pushing the ground material to the rear of the equipment. At the same time, the rotating assembly drives the second baffle to rotate synchronously through the meshing transmission of the gear and the rack when the first baffle moves, so that it rotates toward the shovel plate in the extension stage to move the material accumulation, and rotates in the opposite direction and hangs in the air in the reset stage, ensuring that the material collection process is efficient and residue-free. This path optimization design significantly improves the thoroughness of material collection and reduces material omission and secondary accumulation.

[0020] 3. Improve equipment reliability:

[0021] The setting of the protective sleeve and the protective plate provides protection for the rotating component, preventing coal rock fragments, dust and other debris from entering key components such as the U-shaped block and the threaded sleeve, avoiding equipment failure due to impurities blocking, and extending the service life of the components. The protective plate can automatically reset under the action of the third spring to ensure the continuity of the protection effect. In addition, the adjustment rods at the bottom of the first baffle and the second baffle cooperate with the fourth spring to automatically adjust the contact state between the baffle and the ground according to the undulating conditions of the tunnel ground, ensuring that it can still effectively fit the ground on uneven ground, thereby improving the adaptability of the equipment to complex underground environments and further optimizing the material collection effect.

[0022] 4. Synchronous dust removal:

[0023] By cleverly converting the rotational power of the reciprocating screw into the rotational power of the fan body, a high-efficiency dust removal system is constructed. Under the negative pressure generated by the high-speed rotation of the fan body, the dust generated in the shoveling operation area can be quickly sucked in and introduced into the cyclone dust collector, realizing gas-solid separation, effectively reducing the dust concentration in the air, providing operators with a clean and healthy working environment, greatly reducing the risk of occupational diseases such as pneumoconiosis, and reflecting humanistic care for the health of miners.

[0024] 5. Reduce equipment wear:

[0025] The dust removal system promptly removes the dust generated during the shoveling operation, preventing dust from entering the mechanical transmission parts of the equipment, such as bearings and gears, effectively reducing the wear of the equipment by dust and the probability of equipment failure. This not only reduces the maintenance frequency and maintenance costs of the equipment, but also significantly extends the service life of the equipment, improves the reliability and stability of the equipment, and ensures the continuity of coal mining operations.

[0026] 6. Accurate gas-solid separation, convenient for subsequent processing:

[0027] The cyclone dust collector adopts a scientific cylinder-cone combination structure, which can efficiently achieve gas-solid separation of dust-laden airflow. The separated solid particles are transported to the rear of the machine body through a conveyor belt for unified collection and treatment; clean gas is discharged from the top pipe and can be further purified by adding a filter or activated carbon filter layer to ensure that the exhaust gas meets environmental protection standards, reducing dust pollution to the surrounding environment of the mining area and realizing green mining.

[0028] 7. Significantly improved safety performance:

[0029] The operation of the dust removal system significantly reduces the dust concentration in the working area, effectively avoiding safety accidents such as dust explosions caused by excessive dust concentration, and ensuring the safe progress of coal mining operations. At the same time, the clear working environment also allows operators to more accurately observe the operating status and working conditions of the equipment, reducing operational errors caused by obstructed vision, and further improving operational safety. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0030] Figure 1 A schematic diagram of the structure of the tunnel boring equipment for coal mining provided by the present invention;

[0031] Figure 2 is a structural schematic diagram of the first baffle;

[0032] Figure 3 is a schematic diagram of the cross-sectional structure of the second baffle;

[0033] Figure 4 It is a structural diagram of the mounting plate;

[0034] Figure 5 Schematic diagram of the cross-sectional structure of the top of the mounting plate;

[0035] Figure 6 It is a schematic diagram of the cross-sectional structure of the side of the mounting plate;

[0036] Figure 7 Schematic diagram of the structure of the reciprocating screw rod and the first transmission rod;

[0037] Figure 8 is a schematic diagram of the cross-sectional structure of the first baffle;

[0038] Figure 9 Schematic diagram of the cross-sectional structure of the guide column;

[0039] Figure 10 Schematic diagram of the structure of the gear and rack;

[0040] Figure 11 is a structural schematic diagram of the second connecting rod;

[0041] Figure 12 Schematic diagram of the cross-sectional structure of the protective cover;

[0042] Figure 13 is a structural schematic diagram of the second slider;

[0043] Figure 14 Schematic diagram of the cross-sectional structure of the bellows.

[0044] Numbers in the figure:

[0045] 1. Machine body; 2. Cutting head; 3. Shovel plate; 4. Claw; 5. Mounting plate; 6. First baffle; 7. Second baffle; 8. Reciprocating screw; 9. First slider; 10. First connecting rod; 11. Longitudinal slide; 12. Guide rail; 13. Guide column; 14. Round hole; 15. First spring; 16. Second connecting rod; 17. Second slider; 18. Horizontal slide; 19. Threaded sleeve; 20. Threaded rod; 21. U-shaped block; 22. Rotating block; 23. Gear; 24. Rack; 25. Second spring; 26. Driving pulley; 27. Driven pulley; 28. First transmission rod; 29. Disc; 30. Left inclined rail; 31. Right inclined rail; 32. Horizontal rail; 33. Protective sleeve; 34. Square groove; 35. Protective plate; 36. Third spring; 37. Adjusting rod; 38. Fourth spring; 39. Bellows; 40. Cyclone dust collector; 41. Protective box; 42. Driven bevel gear; 43. Fan body; 44. Driving bevel gear; 45. Second transmission rod; 46. Transmission bevel gear. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0046] In order to make the technical problems, technical solutions and beneficial effects to be solved by the present invention more clearly understood, the present invention is further described in detail with reference to the embodiments and the accompanying drawings. It should be understood that the specific embodiments described herein are merely for explaining the present invention and are not intended to limit the present invention. The technical solutions of the present invention will be described in detail below with reference to the embodiments and the accompanying drawings, but the scope of protection is not limited thereto.

[0047] See also Figures 1 to 14 The present embodiment provides a tunnel excavation equipment for coal mine excavation, including a body 1, a cutting head 2 is installed at one end of the body 1, a shovel plate 3 is installed on the body 1 below the cutting head 2, the top of the shovel plate 3 is symmetrically rotatably connected to the claw 4, and both sides of the shovel plate 3 are fixedly connected to the mounting plates 5, and the two opposite sides of the two mounting plates 5 are slidably connected to the first baffle 6, one end of the first baffle 6 is rotatably connected to the second baffle 7 for collecting materials, a driving component for driving the first baffle 6 and the second baffle 7 to move is installed inside the mounting plate 5, a guide component for guiding the movement of the first baffle 6 and the second baffle 7 is installed on the side of the mounting plate 5, and a rotating component for controlling the second baffle 7 to rotate around the first baffle 6 is installed inside the mounting plate 5.

[0048] When the tunnel boring equipment for coal mine excavation is started and put into operation, the cutting head 2, the core component of the cutting system, starts to rotate at high speed. The pick-type or knife-type cutting teeth equipped with the cutting head 2 come into contact with the coal rock and crush the coal rock through mechanical crushing. During the swinging and cutting process of the cutting head 2, especially when performing side-swing cutting or crushing hard rock, the crushed coal and rock fragments will splash around. Part of the material falls directly on the shovel plate 3, and the other part splashes to the outside of the shovel plate 3 to form scattered materials. The bottom of the claws 4 symmetrically arranged on the top of the shovel plate 3 is fixedly connected to the active pulley 26. The active pulley 26 starts to rotate under the drive of the power system of the body 1. The material on the shovel plate 3 is continuously scraped into the transmission belt inside the body 1 under the rotating scraping action of the claws 4, and the material is transported backward through subsequent transportation devices such as scraper conveyors to complete the collection and transportation of the material inside the shovel plate 3.

[0049] For the material on the outside of the shovel plate 3, the driving assembly will drive the first baffle 6 to move, and the first baffle 6 will drive the second baffle 7 to move synchronously. At the same time, the first baffle 6 will trigger the rotating assembly during the movement. Under the action of the rotating assembly, the second baffle 7 will also rotate with its rotating connection with the first baffle 6 as the rotation center, thereby moving the material on the moving path of the second baffle 7 to gather the material. When the first baffle 6 is completely pushed out, the second baffle 7 is collinear with the first baffle 6, and the driving assembly continues to move. The first baffle 6 moves obliquely upward under the action of the guide assembly, and the first baffle 6 and the second baffle 7 rotate in opposite directions to gradually reset. During this process, the first baffle 6 and the second baffle 7 both leave the ground to prevent the first baffle 6 and the second baffle 7 from pushing the material on the ground to the back during the reset process.

[0050] like Figure 2 、 Figure 7 、 Figure 8 As shown, the driving assembly includes a reciprocating screw 8, a first slider 9, a first connecting rod 10 and a longitudinal slide 11. The internal rotation of the mounting plate 5 is connected to the reciprocating screw 8, the outer side of the reciprocating screw 8 is slidingly connected to the first slider 9, the top of the first slider 9 is fixedly connected to the first connecting rod 10, the first baffle 6 is provided with a longitudinal slide 11 on the side close to the first connecting rod 10, the first connecting rod 10 slides in the longitudinal slide 11, the internal rotation of the claw 4 is connected to the driven pulley 27, the driving pulley 26 is connected to the driven pulley 27 by belt transmission, the bottom of the driven pulley 27 is symmetrically slidingly connected to the first transmission rod 28, the end of the reciprocating screw 8 close to the driven pulley 27 is fixedly connected to the disc 29, and the disc 29 is slidingly connected to the first transmission rod 28.

[0051] During the rotation of the claw 4, the active pulley 26 is driven to rotate, and the active pulley 26 drives the driven pulley 27 to rotate through the belt, and the driven pulley 27 drives the disc 29 to rotate through the first transmission rod 28. In this process, the first transmission rod 28 will continuously rotate relative to the driven pulley 27 and the disc 29, and the disc 29 drives the reciprocating screw 8 connected to the internal rotation of the mounting plate 5 to rotate. Since the reciprocating screw 8 has a spiral structure, the first slider 9 slidingly connected to its outer side will make a reciprocating linear motion along the axial direction of the reciprocating screw 8 as the reciprocating screw 8 rotates. The first connecting rod 10 fixedly connected to the top of the first slider 9 moves synchronously with the first slider 9, and the first baffle 6 is provided with a longitudinal groove 11 on the side close to the first connecting rod 10. The end of the first connecting rod 10 slides in the longitudinal groove 11, thereby converting the linear motion of the first slider 9 into a linear sliding motion of the first baffle 6 along the side of the mounting plate 5, driving the first baffle 6 to extend or retract to the outside of the shovel plate 3.

[0052] like Figure 2 、 Figure 4 、 Figure 5 、 Figure 6 、 Figure 9 As shown, the guide assembly includes a guide rail 12, a guide column 13, a circular hole 14 and a first spring 15. The two mounting plates 5 are provided with a guide rail 12 on the opposite side. The first baffle 6 is slidably connected to the guide column 13 on the side close to the mounting plate 5. One end of the guide column 13 slides in the guide rail 12. The other end of the guide column 13 is provided with a circular hole 14. The inside of the circular hole 14 is fixedly connected to the first spring 15. One end of the first spring 15 is fixedly connected to the first baffle 6. Each guide rail 12 is formed by The left inclined rail 30, the right inclined rail 31 and the two cross rails 32 are composed. The depth of the two cross rails 32 is the same. The depth of the bottom of the left inclined rail 30 is greater than the depth of the cross rail 32, and the depth of the top of the left inclined rail 30 is equal to the depth of the cross rail 32. The depth of the left inclined rail 30 changes evenly from bottom to top and gradually decreases. The depth of the top of the right inclined rail 31 is greater than the depth of the cross rail 32, and the depth of the bottom of the right inclined rail 31 is equal to the depth of the cross rail 32. The depth of the right inclined rail 31 changes evenly from top to bottom and gradually decreases.

[0053] When the first baffle 6 moves along the mounting plate 5, the guide post 13 slides in the guide rail 12. The special structure of the guide rail 12 (the bottom depth of the left inclined rail 30 is greater than the cross rail 32, the top depth is the same as the cross rail 32, and the depth decreases evenly from bottom to top; the top depth of the right inclined rail 31 is greater than the cross rail 32, the bottom depth is the same as the cross rail 32, and the depth decreases evenly from top to bottom) causes the sliding trajectory of the guide post 13 to change at different stages. When the first baffle 6 moves outward, the guide post 13 is located at the lower When the first slider 9 moves to the end of the reciprocating screw 8, the guide post 13 moves to the lower left corner of the guide rail 12. At this time, the first spring 15 extends and pushes the guide post 13 deep into the bottom of the left inclined rail 30. The reciprocating screw 8 then rotates. Under the guidance of the left inclined rail 30, the first baffle 6 gradually adjusts its moving direction obliquely upward. At the same time, the first connecting rod 10 slides along the longitudinal slide groove 11. In addition, the depth of the left inclined rail 30 gradually decreases, and the inner wall of the left inclined rail 30 gradually squeezes the guide post 13. The guide post 13 compresses the first spring 15. When the guide post 13 moves to the upper transverse rail 32, the guide post 13 is reset. At this time, the first baffle 6 and the second baffle 7 are in a suspended state. As the reciprocating screw 8 continues to rotate, the guide post 13 moves to the right inclined rail 31, repeating a process similar to that of the left inclined rail 30, and then moves to the lower transverse rail 32 to prepare for the next material collection.

[0054] like Figure 8 、 Figure 10 、 Figure 13 、 Figure 14As shown, the rotating assembly includes a second connecting rod 16, a second slider 17, a transverse slide 18, a threaded sleeve 19, a threaded rod 20, a U-shaped block 21, a rotating block 22, a gear 23, a rack 24 and a second spring 25. A second connecting rod 16 is installed between the first baffle 6 and the second baffle 7. The end of the second connecting rod 16 close to the second baffle 7 is rotatably connected to the second slider 17. A transverse slide 18 is provided on the side of the second baffle 7. The second slider 17 slides in the transverse slide 18. The end of the second connecting rod 16 close to the first baffle 6 is rotatably connected to the outer wall of the first baffle 6. A threaded sleeve 19 is rotatably connected to the inside of the baffle 6, and a threaded rod 20 is threadedly connected to the inner wall of the threaded sleeve 19. The end of the threaded rod 20 is fixedly connected to a U-shaped block 21, and the middle part of the U-shaped block 21 is rotatably connected to a rotating block 22. The rotating block 22 is sleeved on the outside of the second connecting rod 16, and the end of the threaded sleeve 19 close to the mounting plate 5 extends into the mounting plate 5 and is fixedly connected to a gear 23. A rack 24 is installed inside the mounting plate 5, and the gear 23 is meshed with the rack 24. The bottom of the rack 24 is equidistantly fixedly connected to multiple groups of second springs 25, and the bottom of the second spring 25 is fixedly connected to the mounting plate 5.

[0055] As the first baffle 6 moves, the rotating assembly is triggered to realize the rotational movement of the second baffle 7 around the first baffle 6. The second connecting rod 16 installed between the first baffle 6 and the second baffle 7 has a second slider 17 rotatably connected at one end thereof close to the second baffle 7. A transverse slot 18 is provided on the side of the second baffle 7. The second slider 17 slides in the transverse slot 18, so that the second baffle 7 and the second connecting rod 16 form a rotatable state. The threaded sleeve 19 rotatably connected inside the first baffle 6 has one end extending into the mounting plate 5 and fixedly connected to the gear 23. The gear 23 is engaged with the rack 24 inside the mounting plate 5. When the first baffle 6 is extended, the first baffle 6 drives the threaded sleeve 19 to move. Since the gear 23 is engaged with the rack 24, the threaded sleeve 19 moves When the screw sleeve 19 rotates, the screw rod 20 connected to the inner wall of the screw sleeve 19 is retracted into the screw sleeve 19 along the axial direction when the screw sleeve 19 rotates, and the U-shaped block 21 at the end of the screw rod 20 moves accordingly. The rotating block 22 connected to the middle part of the U-shaped block 21 is sleeved on the outside of the second connecting rod 16, thereby driving the second connecting rod 16 to rotate around the rotating connection between it and the first baffle 6 and approach the first baffle 6. The rotation of the second connecting rod 16 is converted into a rotational motion of the second baffle 7 with its rotating connection with the first baffle 6 as the rotation center through the sliding of the second slider 17 in the horizontal slide groove 18, so that the second baffle 7 is close to the shovel plate 3, and the scattered materials on the moving path of the second baffle 7 are moved, so that the materials are gathered to the middle of the shovel plate 3, which is convenient for subsequent collection by the claw 4.

[0056] When the first baffle 6 is retracted, the first baffle 6 will move obliquely upward with the guide rail 12. At this time, the first baffle 6 drives the threaded sleeve 19 and the gear 23 to move synchronously, and the second spring 25 equidistantly fixed to the bottom of the rack 24 releases its elastic force, pushing the rack 24 to move upward, so that the rack 24 is always engaged with the gear 23, and the rack 24 drives the gear 23 to rotate in the opposite direction, thereby causing the threaded sleeve 19 to rotate in the opposite direction, and the threaded rod 20 to move in the opposite direction. The U-shaped block 21 and the rotating block 22 drive the second connecting rod 16 to rotate in the opposite direction, and the second baffle 7 rotates around the rotating connection with the first baffle 6. The second baffle 7 gradually moves away from the shovel plate 3 and resets. In this process, the first baffle 6 and the second baffle 7 gradually leave the ground, avoiding pushing the material on the ground to the rear of the equipment during the reset process, thereby ensuring the efficiency and cleanliness of material collection.

[0057] like Figure 11 、 Figure 12 As shown, a protective cover 33 is fixedly connected to the side of the first baffle 6, and the protective cover 33 is sleeved on the outside of the U-shaped block 21. Square grooves 34 are provided on both sides of the protective cover 33. Protective plates 35 for blocking the square grooves 34 are rotatably connected to both sides of the protective cover 33. A third spring 36 is fixedly connected to the top of the protective plate 35, and the third spring 36 is fixedly connected to the inner wall of the protective cover 33.

[0058] The protective cover 33 fixedly connected to the side of the first baffle 6 is sleeved on the outside of the U-shaped block 21, and square grooves 34 are opened on both sides of the protective cover 33. The protective plates 35 rotatably connected on both sides of the protective cover 33 block the square grooves 34 under the action of the third spring 36, thereby protecting the internal rotating components and preventing materials or other debris from entering and affecting the normal operation of the equipment. When the first baffle 6 is extended, the second connecting rod 16 gradually approaches the first baffle 6 under the drive of the U-shaped block 21, and the second connecting rod 16 gradually squeezes the protective plate 35 and is inserted into the square groove 34. During this process, the protective plate 35 rotates and compresses the third spring 36. When the first baffle 6 is retracted, the second connecting rod 16 gradually moves away from the first baffle 6, and the protective plate 35 is reset under the push of the third spring 36, blocking the square groove 34.

[0059] like Figure 2 、 Figure 3 、 Figure 14 As shown, the bottom of the first baffle 6 and the second baffle 7 are equidistantly slidably connected with an adjusting rod 37; the first baffle 6 and the adjusting rod 37 at its bottom, as well as the second baffle 7 and the adjusting rod 37 at its bottom are connected by a fourth spring 38; when the first baffle 6 is extended, under the action of the fourth spring 38, the bottom of the adjusting rod 37 remains in contact with the ground, adapting to different ground conditions, ensuring good contact between the first baffle 6 and the second baffle 7 and the ground, and improving the material collection effect.

[0060] A bellows 39 is fixedly connected to the top of the second baffle 7 , and a dust removal assembly for removing dust is installed inside the bellows 39 . The dust removal assembly includes a cyclone dust collector 40, a protection box 41, a driven bevel gear 42, a fan body 43, a driving bevel gear 44, a second transmission rod 45 and a transmission bevel gear 46; the cyclone dust collector 40 is fixedly connected to both sides of the body 1, the bottom of the cyclone dust collector 40 is introduced into the top of the conveyor belt inside the body 1 through a pipe, and the side of the cyclone dust collector 40 is connected to the bellows 39 through a pipe. The protection box 41 is fixedly connected to the inside of the pipe above the mounting plate 5, and the driven bevel gear 42 is rotatably connected to the inside of the protection box 41. One end of the driven bevel gear 42 is fixedly connected to the fan body 43, and one end of the reciprocating screw 8 is fixedly connected to the driving bevel gear 44. The bottom of the protection box 41 is rotatably connected to the second transmission rod 45, and the bottom end of the second transmission rod 45 extends into the mounting plate 5. Both ends of the second transmission rod 45 are fixedly connected to the transmission bevel gear 46, and the two transmission bevel gears 46 are respectively meshed with the driving bevel gear 44 and the driven bevel gear 42.

[0061] The reciprocating screw 8 drives the first baffle 6 to move, and at the same time drives the active bevel gear 44 to rotate synchronously. The active bevel gear 44 and the transmission bevel gear 46 are in a vertical meshing state. When the active bevel gear 44 rotates, the rotational power is transmitted to the transmission bevel gear 46 through the meshing transmission between the bevel teeth. The transmission bevel gear 46 is fixedly mounted at both ends of the second transmission rod 45. The second transmission rod 45 passes through the mounting plate 5, and stably transmits the power to the transmission bevel gear 46 at the other end. The transmission bevel gear 46 meshes with the driven bevel gear 42, and the driven bevel gear 42 is coaxially fixedly connected to the fan body 43. When the driven bevel gear 42 rotates at high speed driven by the second transmission rod 45, the fan body 43 rotates synchronously therewith. The fan body 43 adopts an arc-shaped blade structure. When it rotates, it uses the principle of aerodynamics to form a directional airflow around the fan body 43. As the fan body 43 rotates, the airflow forms a negative pressure at the inlet of the bellows 39, which removes the dust generated in the working area of the shovel plate 3 The dust is sucked into the bellows 39 and flows with the air flow in the bellows 39 and is finally introduced into the cyclone dust collector 40. During this process, the bellows 39 will move with the movement of the second baffle 7. The cyclone dust collector 40 adopts a cylinder-cone combination structure. After the dust-laden airflow enters the cyclone dust collector 40 along the tangential direction, it spirals downward along the wall of the device under the action of the friction between the cylinder wall and the airflow to form an external vortex. Under the action of centrifugal force, the solid particles are thrown to the wall of the device because their density is greater than that of the gas and slide down along the wall. Finally, they are discharged from the dust exhaust pipe at the bottom of the cyclone dust collector 40 and fall onto the conveyor belt connected to the dust exhaust pipe. The conveyor belt is driven by an independent motor to transport the collected solid particles to the dust collecting box or transportation channel at the rear of the body 1. The clean gas after cyclone separation forms an upward internal vortex in the center of the cyclone dust collector 40 and is finally discharged from the exhaust pipe at the top of the cyclone dust collector 40, further purifying the exhaust gas and reducing dust emissions.

[0062] The above content is a further detailed description of the present invention in combination with a specific preferred embodiment. It cannot be considered that the specific embodiments of the present invention are limited to this. For ordinary technicians in the technical field to which the present invention belongs, they can make several simple deductions or substitutions without departing from the present invention, which should be regarded as belonging to the scope of patent protection determined by the submitted claims of the present invention.

Claims

1. A tunneling device for coal mining, comprising a machine body (1), a cutting head (2) mounted at one end of the machine body (1), a shovel plate (3) mounted on the machine body (1) below the cutting head (2), a claw (4) symmetrically connected to the top of the shovel plate (3), and characterized in that: Both sides of the shovel plate (3) are fixedly connected to mounting plates (5), and the opposite sides of the two mounting plates (5) are slidably connected to the first baffle (6), one end of the first baffle (6) is rotatably connected to the second baffle (7) for collecting materials, and a driving component for driving the first baffle (6) and the second baffle (7) to move is installed inside the mounting plate (5), and a guide component for guiding the movement of the first baffle (6) and the second baffle (7) is installed on the side of the mounting plate (5), and a rotating component for controlling the second baffle (7) to rotate around the first baffle (6) is installed inside the mounting plate (5); The guide assembly includes a guide rail (12), a guide column (13), a circular hole (14) and a first spring (15). The two mounting plates (5) are provided with a guide rail (12) on opposite sides thereof. The first baffle (6) is slidably connected to the guide column (13) on the side close to the mounting plate (5). One end of the guide column (13) slides in the guide rail (12). The other end of the guide column (13) is provided with a circular hole (14). The inside of the circular hole (14) is fixedly connected to the first spring (15). One end of the first spring (15) is fixedly connected to the first baffle (6). The guide rail (12) is composed of a left inclined rail (30), a right inclined rail (31) and two transverse rails (32); the two transverse rails (32) have the same depth, the depth of the bottom of the left inclined rail (30) is greater than the depth of the transverse rail (32), the depth of the top of the left inclined rail (30) is equal to the depth of the transverse rail (32), the depth of the left inclined rail (30) changes uniformly from bottom to top and gradually decreases, the depth of the top of the right inclined rail (31) is greater than the depth of the transverse rail (32), the depth of the bottom of the right inclined rail (31) is equal to the depth of the transverse rail (32), and the depth of the right inclined rail (31) changes uniformly from top to bottom and gradually decreases.

2. The tunnel boring equipment for coal mining according to claim 1, characterized in that: The driving assembly includes a reciprocating screw (8), a first slider (9), a first connecting rod (10) and a longitudinal slide groove (11); the reciprocating screw (8) is rotatably connected to the inside of the mounting plate (5); the first slider (9) is slidably connected to the outside of the reciprocating screw (8); the top of the first slider (9) is fixedly connected to the first connecting rod (10); a longitudinal slide groove (11) is provided on a side of the first baffle (6) close to the first connecting rod (10), and the first connecting rod (10) slides in the longitudinal slide groove (11).

3. The tunnel boring equipment for coal mining according to claim 2, characterized in that: The bottom of the claw (4) is fixedly connected to a driving pulley (26), the inside of the claw (4) is rotatably connected to a driven pulley (27), the driving pulley (26) and the driven pulley (27) are connected through a belt transmission, the bottom of the driven pulley (27) is symmetrically slidably connected to a first transmission rod (28), and one end of the reciprocating screw rod (8) close to the driven pulley (27) is fixedly connected to a disc (29), and the disc (29) is slidably connected to the first transmission rod (28).

4. The tunnel boring equipment for coal mining according to claim 1, characterized in that: The rotating assembly includes a second connecting rod (16), a second slider (17), a transverse slide (18), a threaded sleeve (19), a threaded rod (20), a U-shaped block (21), a rotating block (22), a gear (23), a rack (24) and a second spring (25). The second connecting rod (16) is installed between the first baffle (6) and the second baffle (7). The end of the second connecting rod (16) close to the second baffle (7) is rotatably connected to the second slider (17). A transverse slide (18) is provided on the side of the second baffle (7). The second slider (17) slides in the transverse slide (18). The end of the second connecting rod (16) close to the first baffle (6) is rotatably connected to the outer wall of the first baffle (6). The first baffle (6) is internally rotatably connected to the second slider. A threaded sleeve (19) is connected, the inner wall of the threaded sleeve (19) is threadedly connected to a threaded rod (20), the end of the threaded rod (20) is fixedly connected to a U-shaped block (21), the middle of the U-shaped block (21) is rotatably connected to a rotating block (22), the rotating block (22) is sleeved on the outside of the second connecting rod (16), the end of the threaded sleeve (19) close to the mounting plate (5) extends into the mounting plate (5), and the end of the threaded sleeve (19) close to the mounting plate (5) is fixedly connected to a gear (23), the interior of the mounting plate (5) is installed with a rack (24), the gear (23) is meshed with the rack (24), the bottom of the rack (24) is equidistantly fixedly connected to a plurality of groups of second springs (25), and the bottom of the second spring (25) is fixedly connected to the mounting plate (5).

5. The tunnel boring equipment for coal mining according to claim 4, characterized in that: A protective sleeve (33) is fixedly connected to the side of the first baffle (6), and the protective sleeve (33) is sleeved on the outside of the U-shaped block (21). Square grooves (34) are opened on both sides of the protective sleeve (33). Protective plates (35) for shielding the square grooves (34) are rotatably connected to both sides of the protective sleeve (33). A third spring (36) is fixedly connected to the top of the protective plate (35), and the third spring (36) is fixedly connected to the inner wall of the protective sleeve (33).

6. The tunnel boring equipment for coal mining according to claim 1, characterized in that: The bottoms of the first baffle (6) and the second baffle (7) are equidistantly connected to adjustment rods (37) for sliding connection; the first baffle (6) and the adjustment rod (37) at its bottom, as well as the second baffle (7) and the adjustment rod (37) at its bottom, are both connected via a fourth spring (38).

7. The tunnel boring equipment for coal mining according to claim 2, characterized in that: A bellows (39) is fixedly connected to the top of the second baffle (7), and a dust removal assembly for removing dust is installed inside the bellows (39).

8. The tunnel boring equipment for coal mining according to claim 7, characterized in that: The dust removal assembly includes a cyclone dust collector (40), a protection box (41), a driven bevel gear (42), a fan body (43), a driving bevel gear (44), a second transmission rod (45) and a transmission bevel gear (46); the cyclone dust collector (40) is fixedly connected to both sides of the body (1), the bottom of the cyclone dust collector (40) is introduced into the upper part of the conveyor belt inside the body (1) through a pipe, and the side of the cyclone dust collector (40) is connected to the bellows (39) through a pipe. The protection box (41) is fixedly connected to the inside of the pipe above the mounting plate (5). The protection box ( The interior of the protective box (41) is rotatably connected to a driven bevel gear (42), one end of the driven bevel gear (42) is fixedly connected to a fan body (43), one end of the reciprocating screw (8) is fixedly connected to a driving bevel gear (44), the bottom of the protective box (41) is rotatably connected to a second transmission rod (45), the bottom end of the second transmission rod (45) extends into the mounting plate (5), and both ends of the second transmission rod (45) are fixedly connected to transmission bevel gears (46), and the two transmission bevel gears (46) are respectively meshed with the driving bevel gear (44) and the driven bevel gear (42).

Images