Electromagnetic shielding cover and station

Abstract

The embodiment of the invention provides an electromagnetic shielding cover, which is arranged on a first side surface of a base station module, is perpendicular to a top surface of the base station module, and extends out along a direction perpendicular to the top surface of the base station module. The height of the electromagnetic shielding cover is higher than the thickness of the base station module by a first height, energy radiated by the base station module comprises energy of a front-view upper side lobe, and the electromagnetic shielding cover is used for shielding the energy of the front-view upper side lobe. According to the embodiment, the electromagnetic shielding cover is arranged on the first side face of the base station module, is perpendicular to the top face of the base station module and extends out in the direction perpendicular to the top face of the base station module, and due to the fact that the electromagnetic shielding cover is higher than the base station module, energy of a front-view side lobe of the base station module can be shielded.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This application relates to the field of communication technologies, and in particular, to an electromagnetic shielding cover and a station. Background Art

[0002] Mobile communication has always been continuously pursuing greater capacity, higher speed, and lower latency, which is why there has been continuous generational evolution from 2G to 5G, 6G, etc. The simplest and most direct way to increase capacity and speed is to use increased bandwidth. For example, the main frequency bands before 4G were mainly concentrated in the sub-3GHz band (below 3GHz), and new frequency bands such as 3.5GHz, 4.9GHz, and millimeter waves were introduced in the 5G era. With the development of the economic society, new mobile communication demands have emerged continuously. Future mobile communication needs to introduce more new spectrums. Among them, U6G (6.425 - 7.125GHz) is an important resource frequency band from 2025 to 2030 and is crucial for meeting new service demands. However, spectrum resources are precious, and the U6G band is also the uplink frequency band of Geostationary Earth Orbit (GEO) satellites. To deploy a mobile communication base station in the U6G band, solving the problem of interference from the base station to the satellite is a prerequisite that must be met.

[0003] To achieve coexistence between U6G base stations and existing GEO satellite uplink services, abbreviated as satellite coexistence, the International Telecommunication Union (ITU) has studied and defined the radiated power in the upper half space that the base station needs to meet. When conducting the research, it mainly considered factors such as the interference threshold of satellite uplink, the longitude and latitude of the satellite, the beam coverage range of the satellite, and the deployment density of ground base stations, and then derived the power limit of the average equivalent isotropically radiated power (EIRP) that the base station needs to meet for each elevation angle interval in the upper half space, which is called the EIRP template. Since the main beam of the base station points to the lower half space, in order to meet the template, it is necessary to suppress the upper sidelobe radiation of the base station.

[0004] Among them, one of the key technologies of 5G is the adoption of large-scale array antennas in the base station. This technology comes from radar, and its main feature is that it can achieve beamforming. In order to improve the detection sensitivity, radar needs to minimize the interference in other directions outside the main beam. In this technology, the array antenna can achieve sidelobe suppression through specific weighting. Among them, typical low-sidelobe weighting methods include amplitude weighting, Taylor weighting, etc. However, there are at least three disadvantages in using the weighting method to improve upper sidelobe suppression: one is that there will be EIRP loss when performing amplitude weighting, the second is that the degree of freedom requirement for weighting the array antenna is relatively high, and the third is that the suppression ability of amplitude weighting is restricted by channel consistency. Summary of the Invention

[0005] This application discloses an electromagnetic shielding cover and a site, which can improve the suppression ability of the sidelobe radiation on the base station.

[0006] In a first aspect, an embodiment of this application provides an electromagnetic shielding cover. The electromagnetic shielding cover is disposed on a first side surface of a base station module, and the electromagnetic shielding cover is perpendicular to the top surface of the base station module. The electromagnetic shielding cover extends along a direction perpendicular to the top surface of the base station module. The height of the electromagnetic shielding cover is higher than the thickness of the base station module by a first height. The energy radiated by the base station module includes the energy of the front upper sidelobe. The electromagnetic shielding cover is used to shield the energy of the front upper sidelobe.

[0007] In this example, the electromagnetic shielding cover is disposed on the first side surface of the base station module, perpendicular to the top surface of the base station module, and extends along a direction perpendicular to the top surface of the base station module. Since its height is higher than that of the base station module, it can shield the energy of the front upper sidelobe of the base station module.

[0008] In a possible implementation, the first height is related to the height of the base station module.

[0009] In a possible implementation, the electromagnetic shielding cover is also disposed parallel to the back surface of the base station module. The energy radiated by the base station module also includes the energy of the rear upper sidelobe. The electromagnetic shielding cover is also used to shield the energy of the rear upper sidelobe.

[0010] In this example, a part of the electromagnetic shielding cover is disposed on the first side surface of the base station module, and another part is disposed parallel to the back surface of the base station module. In this way, not only can the energy of the front upper sidelobe of the base station module be shielded, but also the energy of the rear upper sidelobe of the base station module can be shielded.

[0011] In a possible implementation, the electromagnetic shielding cover is also disposed on the second side surface and the third side surface of the base station module, where the second side surface and the third side surface are respectively connected to the first side surface. The energy radiated by the base station module also includes the energy of the oblique upper sidelobe. The electromagnetic shielding cover is also used to shield the energy of the oblique upper sidelobe.

[0012] In this example, a part of the electromagnetic shielding cover is disposed on the first side surface of the base station module, and another part is disposed parallel to the back surface of the base station module. In this way, not only can the energy of the front upper sidelobe of the base station module be shielded, but also the energy of the rear upper sidelobe of the base station module can be shielded. The electromagnetic shielding cover is also disposed on the second side surface and the third side surface of the base station module to shield the energy of the oblique upper sidelobe.

[0013] In a possible implementation, the electromagnetic shielding cover includes a first part, a second part, and a third part, and the first part, the second part, and the third part are respectively used to shield the energy of the upper side lobe in the front view, the upper side lobe in the rear view, and the upper side lobe in the squint view.

[0014] In a possible implementation, the shape of the first part is umbrella-shaped or annular.

[0015] In a possible implementation, the shape of the outer edge of the first part is arc-shaped.

[0016] In a possible implementation, an absorbing material or an electromagnetic bandgap (EBG) structure is provided on the outer edge of the first part to suppress the surface wave of the base station module.

[0017] In a possible implementation, the size of the second part is greater than or equal to the size of the base station module.

[0018] In a possible implementation, the shape of the third part is a concave curve.

[0019] In a possible implementation, the shape of the electromagnetic shielding cover is a metal mesh, and the mesh size of the metal mesh is a quarter wavelength; alternatively, the electromagnetic shielding cover is made based on a frequency selective surface (FSS), and the stopband range of the FSS is the U6G frequency band.

[0020] In a possible implementation, the electromagnetic shielding cover can have a certain downward tilt angle. By adopting such a downward tilt design, the extended length can be reduced.

[0021] In a second aspect, an embodiment of the present application provides an electromagnetic shielding cover. The shape of the electromagnetic shielding cover is umbrella-shaped, and the electromagnetic shielding cover is used to shield the energy of the upper side lobe of at least one base station module.

[0022] In a third aspect, an embodiment of the present application provides a site, including any possible electromagnetic shielding cover in the first aspect or any possible electromagnetic shielding cover in the second aspect, and at least one base station module.

[0023] It can be understood that for the electromagnetic shielding cover described in the second aspect and the site in the third aspect provided above, the beneficial effects that can be achieved can refer to the beneficial effects of the corresponding electromagnetic shielding cover, which will not be elaborated here. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0024] The drawings used in the embodiments of the present application are introduced below.

[0025] Figure 1 is a schematic diagram of an electromagnetic shielding cover provided by an embodiment of the present application;

[0026] Figure 2 It is a schematic diagram of a base station module provided by an embodiment of the present application;

[0027] Figure 3a It is a three-dimensional schematic diagram of another electromagnetic shielding cover provided by an embodiment of the present application;

[0028] Figure 3b It is a planar schematic diagram of another electromagnetic shielding cover provided by an embodiment of the present application;

[0029] Figure 4a It is a three-dimensional schematic diagram of yet another electromagnetic shielding cover provided by an embodiment of the present application;

[0030] Figure 4b It is a sectional view schematic diagram of another electromagnetic shielding cover provided by an embodiment of the present application;

[0031] Figure 5 It is a schematic diagram of the upper sidelobe angle region distribution of a base station module provided by an embodiment of the present application;

[0032] Figure 6a It is a top view of yet another electromagnetic shielding cover provided by an embodiment of the present application;

[0033] Figure 6b It is a side view of yet another electromagnetic shielding cover provided by an embodiment of the present application;

[0034] Figure 6c It is a top view of yet another electromagnetic shielding cover provided by an embodiment of the present application;

[0035] Figures 7 - 13a 、 Figure 13b It is a schematic diagram of different electromagnetic shielding covers provided by an embodiment of the present application;

[0036] Figure 14 It is a schematic diagram of yet another electromagnetic shielding cover provided by an embodiment of the present application;

[0037] Figure 15 It is a schematic diagram of yet another electromagnetic shielding cover provided by an embodiment of the present application;

[0038] Figure 16a It is a schematic diagram of the suppression degree comparison when the driving relationship is one - driving - three and the heights of the upper sidelobe shielding covers are 0H, 1H, and 2H respectively provided by an embodiment of the present application;

[0039] Figure 16b It is a schematic diagram of the influence of the side shielding cover opening angle on the base station horizontal scanning comparison provided by an embodiment of the present application;

[0040] Figure 16c It is a schematic diagram of a mesh structure provided by an embodiment of the present application;

[0041] Figure 16dIt is a schematic diagram of a scenario provided by an embodiment of the present application;

[0042] Figure 17 It is a schematic diagram of an application provided by an embodiment of the present application. Detailed implementation manners

[0043] The embodiments of the present application will be described below with reference to the accompanying drawings in the embodiments of the present application. The terms used in the implementation manners part of the embodiments of the present application are only used to explain the specific embodiments of the present application, rather than to limit the present application.

[0044] For ease of understanding, the following examples give some explanations of concepts related to the embodiments of the present application for reference. As described below:

[0045] Satellite coexistence: It means that the terrestrial mobile communication service and the satellite uplink service coexist in a certain overlapping frequency band, and the two do not interfere with each other or the interference is less than the threshold value, and both can work normally.

[0046] Upper sidelobe suppression: The array antenna can perform beamforming so that its energy is mainly concentrated in the main beam direction, but there is still a small amount of energy in other directions. From the perspective of the antenna pattern, it is divided into the main lobe and the sidelobe. The size of the main lobe is a quantitative description of the radiation energy in the main beam direction, and the size of the sidelobe is a quantitative description of the radiation energy in other directions. The sidelobes in the upper half space are simply referred to as upper sidelobes. Upper sidelobe suppression means that in order to reduce the interference to the upper half space, it is necessary to suppress the radiation energy of the upper sidelobes.

[0047] Array antenna weighting: It refers to exciting signals with different amplitudes and phases for different antenna elements of the array antenna, so that the excitation weights satisfy a certain distribution, thereby obtaining the desired pattern shaping effect.

[0048] Roof: In communication, the roof surveyed by the base station refers to the platform where the antenna is located. Measuring external interference and deploying feeders are all carried out on the roof. In the embodiments of the present application, the opposite of the roof is the back surface (which will be introduced below and will not be elaborated here).

[0049] The above exemplary explanations of the concepts can be applied to the embodiments below.

[0050] The following will combine the accompanying drawings to introduce the structure of the embodiments of the present application in detail. Please refer to Figure 1 , Figure 1 It is a schematic diagram of an electromagnetic shielding cover 100 applicable to the embodiments of the present application. As Figure 1 shown, the electromagnetic shielding cover 100 is placed on the side of the base station module 200. Among them, the energy radiated by the base station module 200 includes the energy of the directly facing upper sidelobe. The electromagnetic shielding cover 100 is used to shield the energy of the directly facing upper sidelobe.

[0051] As Figure 2As shown, it is a schematic diagram of a base station module 200 provided by an embodiment of the present application. The base station module 200 includes a top surface 201 (i.e., the surface ABCD as shown in Figure 2 ), a first side surface 202 (i.e., the surface ADEF as shown in Figure 2 ), a second side surface 203 (i.e., the surface ABGE as shown in Figure 2 ), a third side surface 204 (i.e., the surface CDFH as shown in Figure 2 ), a fourth side surface 205 (i.e., the surface BCHG as shown in Figure 2 ), and a back surface 206 (i.e., the surface EFHG as shown in Figure 2 ). This example is introduced with a cuboid as an example, and it can also be other regular shapes or irregular shapes, etc. This solution does not limit this.

[0052] Combined with Figure 1 as shown, the electromagnetic shielding cover 100 is provided on the first side surface 202 of the base station module 200, and the electromagnetic shielding cover 100 is perpendicular to the top surface 201 of the base station module 200. The electromagnetic shielding cover 100 extends along a direction perpendicular to the top surface 201 of the base station module, that is, along the direction of the first side surface 202 of the base station module 200. The height (also called the length) of the electromagnetic shielding cover 100 is higher than the thickness of the base station module (for example, it can be the width of the first side surface 202. For example, when the first side surface 202 is a rectangle, this width can be the length of side AE) by a first height.

[0053] It should be noted that in the embodiment of the present application, the height of the electromagnetic shielding cover is the length of the part of the electromagnetic shielding cover that shields the energy of the upper side lobe in the front view, that is, the length in the direction perpendicular to the top surface of the base station module. Exemplarily, the direction perpendicular to the top surface of the base station module is as shown in the direction x in Figure 2 .

[0054] In a possible implementation manner, the first height is related to the height of the base station module (for example, it is the length of side AB in Figure 2 ). Exemplarily, the first height is 0.5 to 1 times the height H of the base station module. Of course, it can also be other values, and this solution does not limit this. Among them, the farther the electromagnetic shielding cover extends, the stronger the ability to suppress the energy radiated upward by the base station module.

[0055] In a possible implementation manner, the front edge (or called the outer edge) 101 of the electromagnetic shielding cover can be arc-shaped. Of course, it can also be other shapes, and this solution does not limit this.

[0056] In a possible implementation manner, the electromagnetic shielding cover can have a certain downward inclination angle. In this way, by adopting a downward inclination design, the extended length can be reduced.

[0057] In a possible implementation, an absorbing material is provided on the outer edge 101 of the electromagnetic shielding cover. This can further enhance the ability to suppress the energy radiated upward by the base station module.

[0058] Alternatively, an electromagnetic band gap (EBG) structure capable of suppressing the propagation of surface waves is provided on the outer edge 101 of the electromagnetic shielding cover.

[0059] In this example, the electromagnetic shielding cover is disposed on the first side of the base station module and is perpendicular to the top surface of the base station module, and extends along the direction perpendicular to the top surface of the base station module. Since its height is higher than that of the base station module, the energy of the front-view upper sidelobe of the base station module can be shielded.

[0060] As Figures 3a - 3b shown, it is a schematic diagram of another electromagnetic shielding cover 300 applicable to the embodiments of the present application. Combining Figure 2 shown, a part 301 of the electromagnetic shielding cover 300 is disposed on the first side 202 of the base station module 200, and the part 301 of the electromagnetic shielding cover 300 is perpendicular to the top surface 201 of the base station module 200. The part 301 of the electromagnetic shielding cover 300 extends along the direction perpendicular to the top surface 201 of the base station module. The height of the part 301 of the electromagnetic shielding cover 300 is higher than the thickness of the base station module (for example, the length of side AE) by a first height. Another part 302 of the electromagnetic shielding cover 300 is disposed parallel to the back surface 206 of the base station module 200. Among them, the energy radiated by the base station module 200 includes the energy of the front-view upper sidelobe and the energy of the rear-view upper sidelobe. The electromagnetic shielding cover 300 is used to shield the energy of the front-view upper sidelobe and the energy of the rear-view upper sidelobe. For example, a part 301 of the electromagnetic shielding cover 300 is used to shield the energy of the front-view upper sidelobe, and another part 302 of the electromagnetic shielding cover 300 is used to shield the energy of the rear-view upper sidelobe.

[0061] In a possible implementation, the size of the part of the electromagnetic shielding cover disposed parallel to the back surface 206 of the base station module 200 (i.e., another part 302 of the electromagnetic shielding cover 300) is greater than or equal to the size of the base station module. For example, it can be slightly larger than the back surface 206 of the base station module. In this way, the radiation of the energy of the rear-view upper sidelobe can be blocked.

[0062] In a possible implementation, the first height is related to the height of the base station module (for example, the length of side AB in Figure 2 ). For the introduction of this part, reference can be made to the description of the embodiments shown in Figure 1 , and details will not be repeated here.

[0063] In a possible implementation, the outer edge of a part 301 of the electromagnetic shielding cover can be arc-shaped.

[0064] In a possible implementation, a part 301 of the electromagnetic shielding cover may have a certain downward inclination angle.

[0065] In a possible implementation, wave-absorbing materials are disposed on the outer edge of a part 301 of the electromagnetic shielding cover. This can further improve the ability to suppress the energy radiated upward by the base station module.

[0066] Alternatively, an electromagnetic bandgap (EBG) structure capable of suppressing the propagation of surface waves is disposed on the outer edge of a part 301 of the electromagnetic shielding cover.

[0067] In this example, a part of the electromagnetic shielding cover is disposed on the first side of the base station module, and another part is arranged in parallel along the back of the base station module. This can not only shield the energy of the front upper sidelobe of the base station module, but also shield the energy of the rear upper sidelobe of the base station module.

[0068] Such as Figure 4a and Figure 4b shown, is a schematic diagram of another electromagnetic shielding cover 400 applicable to the embodiments of the present application. Combining Figure 2 shown, the electromagnetic shielding cover 400 is disposed on the first side 202 of the base station module 200, and the electromagnetic shielding cover 400 is perpendicular to the top surface 201 of the base station module 200. The electromagnetic shielding cover 400 extends along a direction perpendicular to the top surface 201 of the base station module. The height of the electromagnetic shielding cover 400 is higher than the thickness of the base station module (for example, the length of side AE) by a first height. The electromagnetic shielding cover 400 is also arranged in parallel along the back 206 of the base station module 200. And the electromagnetic shielding cover 400 is also disposed on the second side 203 and the third side 204 of the base station module 200, wherein the second side 203 and the third side 204 are respectively connected to the first side 202. The energy radiated by the base station module 200 includes the energy of the front upper sidelobe, the energy of the rear upper sidelobe, and the energy of the oblique upper sidelobe. The electromagnetic shielding cover 400 is used to shield the energy of the front upper sidelobe, the energy of the rear upper sidelobe, and the energy of the oblique upper sidelobe.

[0069] Exemplarily, the electromagnetic shielding cover 400 includes a first part (upper sidelobe shielding cover) 401, a second part (rear lobe shielding cover) 402, and a third part (side shielding cover) 403. The electromagnetic shielding cover 400 can cooperate with a base station module 200. Exemplarily, the base station module 200 is placed inside the electromagnetic shielding cover 400. Most of the energy radiated upward by the base station module 200 is physically blocked by the electromagnetic shielding cover 400. For example, such as Figure 5As shown, it is a schematic diagram of the distribution of the upper sidelobe angle region corresponding to the base station module. The radiation in the upper half space corresponding to it can include the front-facing upper sidelobe, and also include the oblique upper sidelobe and the rear upper sidelobe. That is, the energy radiated by the base station module 200 includes the energy of the front-facing upper sidelobe, the energy of the rear upper sidelobe, and the energy of the oblique upper sidelobe. Correspondingly, the first part 401 of the electromagnetic shielding cover 400 is used to shield the energy of the front-facing upper sidelobe, the second part 402 of the electromagnetic shielding cover 400 is used to shield the energy of the rear upper sidelobe, and the third part 403 of the electromagnetic shielding cover 400 is used to shield the energy of the oblique upper sidelobe.

[0070] In a possible implementation manner, the outer edge of the first part 401 of the electromagnetic shielding cover 400 can be arc-shaped.

[0071] In a possible implementation manner, as Figure 4a shown, an absorbing material 404 is provided on the outer edge of the first part 401 of the electromagnetic shielding cover 400, or an electromagnetic bandgap EBG structure 404 that can suppress the propagation of surface waves is provided. For the introduction of this part, reference can be made to Figure 1 the description of the embodiments shown, which will not be elaborated here.

[0072] In a possible implementation manner, the outer edge shape of the third part 403 of the electromagnetic shielding cover 400 is a concave curve. Of course, it can also be other shapes, and this solution does not limit this.

[0073] In a possible implementation manner, the first part 401 of the electromagnetic shielding cover 400 can have a certain downward tilt angle.

[0074] In a possible implementation manner, the size of the second part 402 of the electromagnetic shielding cover 400 is greater than or equal to the size of the base station module 200. For example, it can be slightly larger than the back surface 206 of the base station module.

[0075] For the introduction of this part, reference can be made to Figure 1 the description of the embodiments shown, which will not be elaborated here.

[0076] Among them, this electromagnetic shielding cover can be called a gamma (Г)-shaped rooftop-level electromagnetic shielding cover, or called a Г shielding cover, etc.

[0077] In a possible implementation manner, the third part of the electromagnetic shielding cover is connected to the corner of the first part and the second part.

[0078] In a possible implementation manner, the material of the above-mentioned electromagnetic shielding cover can be at least one of a metal plate, a metallized plastic, a perforated metal plate, a metal mesh, etc.

[0079] Optionally, the material of the above electromagnetic shielding cover is a metal mesh, and the mesh size of the metal mesh is a preset size, which can achieve shielding of U6G band signals. Exemplarily, a relatively good shielding effect can be achieved when the mesh spacing of the metal mesh is less than 1 / 4 wavelength.

[0080] In this example, a part of the electromagnetic shielding cover is disposed on the first side surface of the base station module, and the other part is disposed parallel to the back surface of the base station module. In this way, not only can the energy of the front upper side lobe of the base station module be shielded, but also the energy of the rear upper side lobe of the base station module can be shielded. Among them, the electromagnetic shielding cover is also disposed on the second side surface and the third side surface of the base station module to shield the energy of the oblique upper side lobe.

[0081] Next, other shapes of the electromagnetic shielding cover provided by the embodiments of the present application will be introduced. As Figures 6a - 6c shown, the electromagnetic shielding cover 600 includes a first part 601, a second part 602, and a third part 603. Among them, compared with Figure 4a the electromagnetic shielding cover 400 shown, the electromagnetic shielding cover 600 has changed in size, shape, etc.

[0082] Again, as Figure 7 shown, the electromagnetic shielding cover 700 includes a first part 701, a second part 702, and a third part 703. Among them, compared with Figure 4a the electromagnetic shielding cover 400 shown, the length of the first part 701 of the electromagnetic shielding cover 700 has been reduced.

[0083] Again, as Figure 8 shown, the electromagnetic shielding cover 800 includes a first part 801, a second part 802, and a third part 803. Figure 8 As shown, the included angle between the side shielding cover (the third part 803) and the back shielding cover (the second part 802) changes by 30° (only for illustration in the figure, and it can also be other angles, and this solution is not limited thereto), and the size is further reduced compared with Figure 7 Further reduced.

[0084] Figure 9 As shown, the electromagnetic shielding cover 900 includes a first part 901, a second part 902, and a third part 903. Figure 10 As shown, the electromagnetic shielding cover 1000 includes a first part 1001, a second part 1002, and a third part 1003. Figure 9 And Figure 10 On the basis of Figure 8 , Figure 9 the side shielding cover 903 of Figure 10 is processed into a straight line, and the side shielding cover 1003 of Figure 10 is processed with a curved chamfer. This restores the horizontal scanning ability of the base station module to ±60°.

[0085] Figure 11 The electromagnetic shielding cover 1100 shown includes a first part 1101 and a second part 1102. That is to say, the electromagnetic shielding cover in this example does not include a side shielding cover part. The electromagnetic shielding cover 1100 is used to shield the energy of the upper sidelobe in the front view and the energy of the upper rear sidelobe.

[0086] Figure 12 The electromagnetic shielding cover 1200 shown includes a first part 1201, a second part 1202, and a third part 1203. Its size has been further optimized. For example, compared with Figure 11 , Figure 12 , the size of the first part 1201 has become smaller, and a third part 1203 has been newly added, etc.

[0087] Figure 13a The electromagnetic shielding cover 1300 shown includes a first part 1301, a second part 1302, and a third part 1303. The upper sidelobe shielding cover (i.e., the first part 1301) of the electromagnetic shielding cover 1300 has been arc-cut. With this design, the weight can be reduced without affecting the performance.

[0088] As Figure 13b shown, by experimentally comparing the EIRP templates of a common base station (A in Figure 13b ) and a base station with an electromagnetic shielding cover (B in Figure 13b ), it is found that in the angle range of the far end and the middle section where the elevation angles of the upper half airspace of the base station are 30° to 90°, the suppression ability of the base station with the electromagnetic shielding cover is about 5 dB higher than that of the common base station, and there is also a certain improvement in the near end of 0 to 30°.

[0089] The above examples introduce the first electromagnetic shielding cover provided by the present application. The embodiments of the present application also provide an electromagnetic shielding cover. As Figure 14 shown, the shape of the electromagnetic shielding cover 1400 is umbrella-shaped. It can be understood that the umbrella shape can be a conventional umbrella shape or a polygon. For example, the sides of the umbrella shape are straight, etc. This solution does not limit this. Based on the electromagnetic shielding cover 1400, the energy of the upper sidelobe radiated by the base station module or site can be shielded in this way. Exemplarily, this electromagnetic shielding cover is called an umbrella-shaped site-level electromagnetic shielding cover, or an umbrella-shaped shielding cover.

[0090] Optionally, the electromagnetic shielding cover can be paired with one or more base station modules. For example, the electromagnetic shielding cover is hung on the site. The site includes multiple base station modules.

[0091] In a possible implementation manner, when the U6G base station is hung at the highest point of the site, the electromagnetic shielding cover is umbrella-shaped.

[0092] In a possible implementation, the radius of the outer circle of the umbrella-shaped electromagnetic shielding cover extends to 0.5 - 1H, where H is the height of the base station module. For example, the torus has a certain downward inclination angle with the pole. It can be understood that the pole is a metal pole used to fix the base station module, and the pole can be placed vertically. The back of the base station module is fixed to the pole through some devices.

[0093] In a possible implementation, an absorbing material or an EBG structure can be provided at the outer edge of the umbrella-shaped electromagnetic shielding cover to prevent surface wave diffraction.

[0094] In a possible implementation, the material of the above electromagnetic shielding cover can be at least one of a metal plate, a metallized plastic, a perforated metal plate, a metal mesh, etc.

[0095] Optionally, the material of the above electromagnetic shielding cover is a metal mesh, and the mesh size of the metal mesh is a preset size, which can achieve shielding of U6G band signals. Exemplarily, a mesh interval of the metal mesh less than 1 / 4 wavelength can achieve a relatively good shielding effect.

[0096] In a possible implementation, the above electromagnetic shielding cover can adopt Frequency Selective Surface (FSS) technology. Exemplarily, the stopband range of the FSS is the U6G band, and the passband range is the operating frequencies of other base stations at this site.

[0097] This example is only introduced by taking the umbrella-shaped electromagnetic shielding cover as an example, and it can also be other shapes, as long as it can achieve shielding of the energy of the upper side lobe radiated by the base station module or the site.

[0098] Optionally, the umbrella-shaped electromagnetic shielding cover can be the first part 401 (i.e., the front view of the upper side lobe) in the foregoing embodiment as Figure 4a shown. Since the site-level shielding cover covers multiple base stations at the site and has a larger size, compared with the electromagnetic shielding cover in the foregoing embodiment, the separate design of the side shielding cover and the rear lobe shielding cover can be omitted.

[0099] Alternatively, as Figure 15 shown, the electromagnetic shielding cover 1500 can also be annular. For example, according to the hanging height of the U6G base station, when the U6G base station is hung at a certain height in the middle of the site, the electromagnetic shielding cover is annular.

[0100] It can be understood that the annular electromagnetic shielding cover can be an independent whole. The annular electromagnetic shielding cover can also be assembled to form the above-mentioned umbrella-shaped electromagnetic shielding cover. That is to say, the above-mentioned umbrella-shaped electromagnetic shielding cover can be integrated. The above-mentioned umbrella-shaped electromagnetic shielding cover can also include at least two parts, one of which is the annular electromagnetic shielding cover. The other part can be detachable, foldable, etc., and this solution does not limit this.

[0101] This solution starts from the physical structure, solves the problem of upper sidelobe suppression, and avoids three pain points of amplitude weighting, namely: amplitude-weighted EIRP loss, high amplitude-weighted degree of freedom requirements, and poor amplitude-weighted resistance to channel errors. Refer to Figure 16a As shown, it shows the simulation comparison of the upper sidelobe suppression performance between this solution and a common base station. By comparing the upper sidelobe suppression performance of this solution and a common base station, the vertical direction units are set without amplitude weighting and all adopt a one-drive-three architecture, and the lengths of the upper sidelobe shielding covers are 0H, 1H, and 2H respectively. Comparing the average EIRP templates of these three cases (as shown by A, B, and C in Figure 16a ) it can be found that this solution can provide a better suppression effect, especially for the upper sidelobe energy caused by grating lobes at 30-60°, and overcomes the power loss and radio frequency channel flexibility problems of amplitude weighting.

[0102] Among them, although this solution uses the method of physical shielding and may be insensitive to channel errors, even in the case of large channel errors, this solution can still maintain the suppression effect. Through experiments, it is found that for both using 40dB Taylor amplitude weighting, after using the Γ shielding cover of this solution, the deterioration at the near end is less, and the far end hardly deteriorates. On the contrary, the suppression capabilities at the near end and the far end both decrease as the error increases.

[0103] Moreover, the side shielding cover of this solution also plays a key role in improving the suppression degree. Through experiments, it is found that if the side shielding cover is removed, the suppression ability will decrease by about 5dB. However, if the side shielding cover has no chamfer and the side opening angle is very small, it will limit the horizontal scanning ability of the base station. Refer to Figure 16b As shown by A and B in

[0104] , for example, when the opening angle is 30°, the beams with horizontal scanning of ±60° are basically not formed. Using this solution, by setting an appropriate opening angle and cutting curve, it is possible to achieve good suppression ability while avoiding excessive influence on the horizontal scanning ability and too large a shielding cover size.

[0105] Moreover, the electromagnetic shielding cover of this solution can be implemented in the form of a hollow metal mesh structure, such as Figure 16c shown, which can reduce wind resistance and the impact of the shielding cover on the heat dissipation of the base station. The mesh size of the metal mesh is designed to be able to shield U6G band signals. Generally, a good shielding effect can be achieved when the interval of the metal mesh is less than 1 / 4 wavelength.

[0106] On the one hand, considering that the site may mount base stations of multiple frequency bands, such as the already deployed sub-3GHz base stations. The shielding cover technology for the U6G band introduced to achieve satellite coexistence must not affect the existing frequency band base stations. Especially in the scenario of covering high-rise buildings as Figure 16d shown, in this scenario, the sub-3GHz base station needs to generate an upward scanning beam to cover high-rise building users, but the shielding cover may block this signal. This scenario requires the design of a shielding cover that has the ability to transmit sub-3GHz signals and suppress U6G signals. The electromagnetic shielding cover designed with FSS provided by this solution can have different responses to different frequencies, thus solving the above problems.

[0107] This solution can be applied to scenarios where there is an overlap in the working frequency bands between U6G mobile communications and satellite uplink services. As Figure 17 shown, by adopting this solution, the interference of the base station to the satellite can be reduced by improving the upper sidelobe suppression ability, enabling the coexistence of new frequency band mobile communication services and satellite services. It can be understood that this solution can also be applied to other scenarios not only for U6G. Mobile communication technology (Integrated Mobile Telecommunications, IMT) will introduce more frequency band resources in the future to meet the requirements of capacity, rate, and experience. For example, the U6G band (6.425 - 7.125GHz) identified by the World Radiocommunication Conference (WRC-23) in 2023, and the 7.125 - 8.4GHz band that has been included in the scope of discussion and research. There are other services in these frequency bands, and the U6G has the uplink service of geosynchronous orbit (GSO) satellites. In order to protect the existing services from being interfered by the newly added mobile communication services, it is necessary to limit the radiation of the mobile communication base station to the upper half space, so as to keep the interference to the existing services within a certain threshold and enable the coexistence of the two services. This scenario is simply referred to as the satellite coexistence scenario. This solution can be applied to this scenario to reduce the radiation of the base station to the upper half space. It can be understood that this solution can be extended to more frequency bands with satellite services. For example, medium and high frequency bands such as 10 - 15GHz, which are also frequency bands that may be used for mobile communications in the future. Therefore, this solution does not limit the specific frequency band, and any frequency band with satellite services and that may be used for mobile communications in the future can adopt this solution to achieve satellite coexistence.

[0108] It should be noted that in the various embodiments of the present application, if there is no special description and logical conflict, the terms and / or descriptions among the various embodiments are consistent and can be cited mutually. The technical features in different embodiments can be combined to form new embodiments according to their inherent logical relationships.

[0109] It should be understood that in the description of the present application, unless otherwise specified, " / " indicates that the objects associated before and after are in an "or" relationship. For example, A / B can represent A or B; where A and B can be singular or plural. Also, in the description of the present application, unless otherwise specified, "a plurality of" means two or more than two. "At least one (item)" or its similar expression refers to any combination of these items, including any combination of single item (item) or plural items (items). For example, at least one (item) of a, b, or c can represent: a, b, c, a - b, a - c, b - c, or a - b - c, where a, b, c can be single or multiple. Additionally, for the convenience of clearly describing the technical solutions of the embodiments of the present application, in the embodiments of the present application, terms such as "first" and "second" are used to distinguish the same items or similar items with basically the same functions and roles. Those skilled in the art can understand that the terms "first", "second", etc. do not limit the quantity and execution order, and the terms "first", "second", etc. do not necessarily limit to be different. At the same time, in the embodiments of the present application, words such as "exemplary" or "for example" are used to represent examples, illustrations or explanations. Any embodiment or design solution described as "exemplary" or "for example" in the embodiments of the present application should not be construed as being more preferred or having more advantages than other embodiments or design solutions. Exactly speaking, using words such as "exemplary" or "for example" aims to present relevant concepts in a specific way for easy understanding.

[0110] In several embodiments provided by the present application, it should be understood that the disclosed systems, devices and methods can be implemented in other ways. For example, the division of the unit is only a logical function division, and there can be other division methods in actual implementation. For example, multiple units or components can be combined or integrated into another system, or some features can be ignored or not executed. The couplings shown or discussed, or direct couplings, or communication connections to each other can be through some interfaces, and the indirect couplings or communication connections of devices or units can be in electrical, mechanical or other forms.

[0111] The unit described as a separation component may or may not be physically separated. The component displayed as a unit may or may not be a physical unit, that is, it may be located in one place or distributed across multiple network units. Some or all of the units can be selected according to actual needs to achieve the purpose of the solution of this embodiment.

[0112] In the above embodiments, it can be implemented in whole or in part by software, hardware, firmware, or any combination thereof. When implemented using software, it can be implemented in whole or in part in the form of a computer program product. The computer program product includes one or more computer instructions. When the computer program instructions are loaded and executed on a computer, the processes or functions according to the embodiments of the present application are generated in whole or in part. The computer can be a general-purpose computer, a special-purpose computer, a computer network, or other programmable devices. The computer instructions can be stored in a computer-readable storage medium or transmitted through the computer-readable storage medium. The computer instructions can be transmitted from a website, computer, server, or data center to another website, computer, server, or data center by wire (such as coaxial cable, optical fiber, digital subscriber line (DSL)) or wirelessly (such as infrared, wireless, microwave, etc.). The computer-readable storage medium can be any available medium that can be accessed by a computer or a data storage device such as a server or data center that includes one or more integrated available media. The available medium can be a read-only memory (ROM), a random access memory (RAM), a magnetic medium, such as a floppy disk, a hard disk, a magnetic tape, a magnetic disk, or an optical medium, such as a digital versatile disc (DVD), or a semiconductor medium, such as a solid state disk (SSD), etc.

[0113] As described above, the above are only the specific implementation manners of the embodiments of the present application, but the protection scope of the embodiments of the present application is not limited thereto. Any changes or substitutions within the technical scope disclosed in the embodiments of the present application should be covered by the protection scope of the embodiments of the present application. Therefore, the protection scope of the embodiments of the present application shall be subject to the protection scope of the claims.

Claims

1. An electromagnetic shielding cover, characterized in that, The electromagnetic shielding cover is disposed on the first side surface of the base station module, and the electromagnetic shielding cover is perpendicular to the top surface of the base station module. The electromagnetic shielding cover extends along a direction perpendicular to the top surface of the base station module. The height of the electromagnetic shielding cover is higher than the thickness of the base station module by a first height. The energy radiated by the base station module includes the energy of the front upper sidelobe. The electromagnetic shielding cover is used to shield the energy of the front upper sidelobe.

2. The electromagnetic shielding cover according to claim 1, wherein The first height is related to the height of the base station module.

3. The electromagnetic shielding cover according to claim 1 or 2, characterized in that, The electromagnetic shielding cover is also disposed parallel to the back surface of the base station module. The energy radiated by the base station module also includes the energy of the rear upper sidelobe. The electromagnetic shielding cover is also used to shield the energy of the rear upper sidelobe.

4. The electromagnetic shielding cover according to any one of claims 1 to 3, characterized in that, The electromagnetic shielding cover is also disposed on the second side surface and the third side surface of the base station module. Wherein, the second side surface and the third side surface are respectively connected to the first side surface. The energy radiated by the base station module also includes the energy of the skew upper sidelobe. The electromagnetic shielding cover is also used to shield the energy of the skew upper sidelobe.

5. The electromagnetic shielding cover according to claim 4, wherein the electromagnetic shielding cover comprises a first part, a second part and a third part, and the first part, the second part and the third part are respectively used to shield the energy of the front upper sidelobe, the rear upper sidelobe and the skew upper sidelobe.

6. The electromagnetic shielding cover according to claim 5, wherein, The shape of the first part is umbrella-shaped or annular.

7. The electromagnetic shielding cover according to claim 5, wherein The shape of the outer edge of the first part is arc-shaped.

8. The electromagnetic shielding cover according to any one of claims 7, characterized in that The outer edge of the first part is provided with an absorbing material or an electromagnetic bandgap (EBG) structure to suppress the surface wave of the base station module.

9. The electromagnetic shielding cover according to any one of claims 5 to 8, characterized in that The size of the second part is greater than or equal to the size of the base station module.

10. The electromagnetic shielding cover according to any one of claims 5 to 9, characterized in that, The shape of the third part is a concave curve.

11. The electromagnetic shielding cover according to any one of claims 1 to 10, characterized in that, The shape of the electromagnetic shielding cover is a metal mesh, and the mesh size of the metal mesh is a quarter wavelength; or, the electromagnetic shielding cover is made based on a frequency selective surface (FSS), and the stopband range of the FSS is the U6G frequency band.

12. A site, characterized in that, Comprising the electromagnetic shielding cover according to any one of claims 1-11, and at least one base station module.

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