Water inlet pipeline of hydroelectric power station

Abstract

The invention relates to the technical field of hydraulic engineering, in particular to a hydroelectric power station water inlet pipeline which comprises a water inlet pipeline body, the water inlet end of the water inlet pipeline body is sleeved with a lantern ring, and a hydraulic cylinder is installed at the top of the lantern ring; a filter screen adjusting assembly for adjusting the projection area of the sleeve ring on the section of the water inlet pipeline according to the content of impurities in water is mounted in the sleeve ring; the filter screen adjusting assembly comprises a circular ring installed on the inner wall of the water inlet pipeline, the bottom of the inner side of the circular ring is rotationally connected with a plurality of fan-shaped plates, a filter screen penetrating through the fan-shaped plates is arranged on one sides of the fan-shaped plates, elastic plates are connected between the fan-shaped plates and the circular ring, and limiting holes corresponding to the fan-shaped plates are formed in the inner wall of the circular ring. The problems that according to an existing water conservancy pipeline, it is difficult to flexibly adjust the filtering area according to the content of impurities in water, blocking of a filter screen to water flow is reduced when the impurities in the water are few, the maximum filtering area is maintained when the impurities in the water are many, and the water filtering effect is ensured are solved.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The invention relates to the technical field of water conservancy engineering, in particular to a water inlet pipeline of a hydroelectric power station. Background Art

[0002] The water inlet pipe of the hydropower station will be brought into the impurities by the water flow to form sedimentation. In order to prevent the impurities in the water from damaging the equipment of the hydropower station, the water in the water inlet pipe needs to be filtered. After searching, the Chinese invention patent with application number CN202110974071.1 discloses a water conservancy pipeline. The rotating ring drives the collecting cylinder and the installing cylinder to rotate. The installing cylinder and the giving way port are staggered, and the collecting cylinder and the dropping port are staggered, so that the garbage can be cleaned without stopping the water.

[0003] The filter screen of the above-mentioned device has a great influence on the water flow in the pipeline. When there are fewer impurities in the water, it is difficult to reduce the area blocking the water volume in the pipeline to ensure that the water can quickly pass through the pipeline to generate electricity, which will reduce the efficiency of hydropower generation. When there are more impurities in the water, the filtering area of the water is guaranteed to ensure the filtering effect of the water. Summary of the invention

[0004] In view of the deficiencies in the prior art, the present invention provides a water inlet pipeline for a hydroelectric power station, which solves the problem that it is difficult for existing water conservancy pipelines to flexibly adjust the filtration area according to the amount of impurities in the water, reduces the obstruction of the filter to the water flow when there are fewer impurities in the water, and maintains the maximum filtration area when there are more impurities in the water, thereby ensuring the filtering effect on the water.

[0005] To achieve the above object, the present invention provides the following technical solution: a water inlet pipeline of a hydroelectric power station, comprising a water inlet pipeline, a collar is provided at the water inlet end of the water inlet pipeline, a hydraulic cylinder is installed on the top of the collar, and a filter adjustment component is installed inside the collar to adjust the projected area of the filter on the cross section of the water inlet pipeline according to the amount of impurities in the water; The filter adjustment assembly includes a circular ring installed on the inner wall of the water inlet pipe, a plurality of fan-shaped plates are rotatably connected to the inner bottom of the circular ring, a filter penetrating the fan-shaped plates is provided on one side of the fan-shaped plates, and an elastic plate is connected between the fan-shaped plates and the circular ring.

[0006] Preferably, a limiting hole corresponding to the sector plate is formed on the inner wall of the circular ring, a rubber block is slidably connected to the inner wall of the limiting hole, and one end of the elastic plate is fixedly connected to the rubber block.

[0007] Preferably, a limiting groove is provided on one side of the sector plate close to the elastic plate, and one end of the elastic plate away from the rubber block movably extends into the limiting groove.

[0008] Preferably, a receiving groove for receiving impurities blocked by the filter is provided at the inner bottom of the collar, and a side of the receiving groove away from the circular ring is an inclined surface.

[0009] Preferably, the output end of the hydraulic cylinder extends movably into the water inlet pipe, and a bent rod is fixedly connected to the output end of the hydraulic cylinder. An arc-shaped plate having the same radian as the accommodating groove is fixedly connected to the bottom of the bent rod.

[0010] Preferably, an inclined rod is fixedly connected to the side of the arc-shaped plate away from the ring, and the inclination angle of the inclined rod is the same as the inclination angle of the inclined surface on the side of the accommodating groove away from the ring.

[0011] Preferably, the ring includes a front ring close to the hydraulic cylinder side and a rear ring away from the hydraulic cylinder side. The front ring and the rear ring are of an integrated structure. The thickness of the front ring is less than that of the rear ring, and the connection between the inner walls of the front ring and the rear ring is an arc surface.

[0012] Preferably, a flow meter is installed at the top of the water inlet pipe, and a servo electric cylinder for adjusting the depth position of the water turbine needle is installed on one side of the water inlet pipe.

[0013] Compared with the prior art, the present invention provides a water inlet pipeline for a hydropower station, having the following beneficial effects: 1. Through the provided filter screen adjustment assembly, the filter screen can flexibly adjust the filtering area according to the amount of impurities in the water, reducing the blockage of the water flow by the filter screen when there are fewer impurities in the water, and maintaining the maximum filtering area when there are more impurities in the water, ensuring the water filtering effect while maximizing the power generation effect of the water flow.

[0014] 2. Through the provided rubber blocks and elastic plates, the friction between the filter screen adjustment assembly and the water inlet pipe can be flexibly adjusted, reducing the difficulty of installing the filter screen adjustment assembly into the water inlet pipe and removing it from the water inlet pipe. At the same time, when the amount of impurities in the water inside the water inlet pipe is large and the thrust on the filter screen adjustment assembly increases, the friction between the filter screen adjustment assembly and the water inlet pipe is automatically increased, improving the firmness of the connection between the filter screen adjustment assembly and the water inlet pipe, and reducing the possibility of displacement of the filter screen adjustment assembly caused by the water flow.

[0015] 3. Through the provided front ring and rear ring, rubber blocks with a larger thickness can be placed inside the ring, facilitating the flexible adjustment of the position of the rubber blocks inside the ring. The arc surface at the front and rear connections of the ring can reduce the resistance of the water flow from the front ring to the rear ring, enabling the water flow to pass through the ring smoothly, and at the same time reducing the possibility of impurities in the water settling at the connection between the front ring and the rear ring.

[0016] 4. Through the provided arc-shaped plate and inclined rod, the impurities intercepted by the filter screen can be squeezed as needed, enabling the water inlet pipe to accommodate more impurities, reducing the frequency of staff cleaning the impurities settled inside the water inlet pipe, and at the same time cleaning the impurities on the surface of the filter screen to prevent the filter screen from being blocked by impurities. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0017] The drawings described herein are provided to further understand the present application and form a part of the present application. The schematic embodiments of the present application and their descriptions are used to explain the present application and do not constitute an improper limitation to the present application. In the drawings: Figure 1 is a schematic structural diagram of the water inlet pipe of the present invention; Figure 2 is a partial sectional view of the water inlet pipe, the collar and the filter screen adjusting assembly of the present invention; Figure 3 is a schematic structural diagram of the filter screen adjusting assembly and the arc plate of the present invention; Figure 4 is a partial sectional view of the filter screen adjusting assembly of the present invention; Figure 5 is a schematic structural diagram of the bending rod and the arc plate of the present invention.

[0018] In the figure: 1, water inlet pipe; 2, collar; 3, hydraulic cylinder; 4, filter screen adjusting assembly; 41, circular ring; 411, front side ring; 412, rear side ring; 42, sector plate; 43, filter screen; 44, elastic plate; 5, rubber block; 6, bending rod; 7, arc plate; 8, inclined rod; 9, flowmeter; 10, servo electric cylinder. DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE EMBODIMENTS

[0019] The following will be described in detail in conjunction with the drawings and embodiments of the present application, so as to fully understand how the present application uses technical means to solve technical problems and achieve the realization process of technical effects and implement accordingly.

[0020] Embodiment 1

[0021] In order to flexibly adjust the area of the filter screen 43 covering the cross-section of the water inlet pipe 1 according to the impurity content in the water inlet pipe 1, when there are fewer impurities in the water, the area of the filter screen 43 covering the cross-section of the water inlet pipe 1 is reduced to reduce the blocking range of the filtering structure on the water flow in the water inlet pipe. At the same time, when the impurity content in the water is relatively high, the maximum filtering area is maintained to prevent impurities from passing through the filter screen 43 smoothly, so as to minimize the impact of the filtering structure on the water flow. Figures 1-4As an embodiment of the present invention, a water inlet pipeline for a hydropower station is proposed, which includes a water inlet pipe 1. A collar 2 is sleeved on the water inlet end of the water inlet pipe 1. A hydraulic cylinder 3 is installed on the top of the collar 2. A filter screen adjusting assembly 4 for adjusting the projected area of the filter screen on the cross-section of the water inlet pipe 1 according to the amount of impurities in the water is installed inside the collar 2. The filter screen adjusting assembly 4 includes a circular ring 41 installed on the inner wall of the water inlet pipe 1. A plurality of sector plates 42 are rotatably connected to the inner bottom of the circular ring 41. A filter screen 43 penetrating the sector plate 42 is provided on one side of the sector plate 42. An elastic plate 44 is connected between the sector plate 42 and the circular ring 41. During use, the water in the river enters the water inlet pipe 1, and then passes through the filter screen adjusting assembly 4, and the impurities in the water are filtered out. Finally, it enters the water turbine and the generator to complete power generation. When the water flows through the filter screen adjusting assembly 4, the process of the filter screen adjusting assembly 4 adjusting the position of the filter screen 43 according to the amount of impurities in the water is as follows: When the amount of impurities in the water is small, referring to Figure 2 , the water flows in from the left side and out from the right side. Referring to Figure 3 , the water flows in from the rear side and out from the front side. When the water passes through the filter screen 43, the water directly passes above the filter screen 43 and the filter screen 43. There are fewer impurities attached to the surface of the filter screen 43, and the filter screen 43 is not blocked by impurities. Therefore, the resistance effect on the water flow is weak, and the thrust of the water flow on the filter screen 43 and the sector plate 42 is also small. Therefore, it will not rotate to squeeze and bend the elastic plate 44. At this time, the angle between the sector plate 42 and the bottom of the water inlet pipe 1 is small, and the projected area of the sector plate 42 on the cross-section of the water inlet pipe 1 is small. Therefore, the resistance area to the water flow is small, resulting in a small degree of blockage of the water flow in the water inlet pipe 1. Since the impurities will gradually deposit in the water inlet pipe 1 and the height in the water will gradually decrease, most of them will be concentrated in the lower half area of the water inlet pipe 1. Therefore, only the sector plate 42 and the filter screen 43 are provided in the lower half area of the water inlet pipe 1, reducing the number of sector plates 42 and further reducing the degree of blockage of the water flow in the water inlet pipe 1 by the sector plate 42; When the impurity content in the water is relatively high, the water passes above the filter screen 43 and the sector plate 42. Since the impurities in the water continuously settle in the water inlet pipe 1 and are mainly concentrated in the lower half area of the water inlet pipe 1, they are blocked by the filter screen 43 when passing through the filter screen 43 and finally adhere to the surface of the filter screen 43. Due to the relatively high impurity content in the water, the filter screen 43 will be blocked relatively quickly, preventing the water flow from passing through the filter screen 43 normally. The thrust of the water flow on the filter screen 43 increases, thereby pushing the filter screen 43 and the sector plate 42 to rotate and squeeze the elastic plate 44 to bend. The angle between the sector plate 42 and the bottom of the water inlet pipe 1 increases, resulting in an increase in the projected area of the sector plate 42 in the cross-section of the water inlet pipe 1. Therefore, the blocking area of the water in the water inlet pipe 1 also increases. At the same time, since the surface of the filter screen 43 is blocked by impurities and the water cannot pass through the filter screen 43 smoothly, the blocking area of the water in the water inlet pipe 1 by the filter screen 43 also increases. The two effects are superimposed. Finally, when the impurity content in the water is relatively high, the thrust of the water on the sector plate 42 and the filter screen 43 increases. After being pushed by the water flow, they move towards the cross-section of the water inlet pipe 1, squeezing the elastic plate 44 to bend, maintaining the maximum filtration area inside the water inlet pipe 1, and reducing the possibility of impurities passing through the area of the filter screen 43 when the impurity content in the water is relatively high.

[0022] Combining the above two situations, the filter screen 43 can flexibly adjust the filtration area according to the amount of impurities in the water, reducing the blockage of the water flow by the filter screen when the impurities in the water are less, and maintaining the maximum filtration area when the impurities in the water are more, ensuring the water filtration effect while maximizing the power generation effect of the water flow.

[0023] When the sector plate 42 and the filter screen 43 are pushed by the water flow in the water inlet pipe 1 towards the cross-section of the water inlet pipe 1, the thrust of the water flow on the sector plate 42 and the filter screen 43 increases. To prevent the filter screen adjustment assembly 4 from being pushed away by the thrust of the water flow, the connection firmness between the filter screen adjustment assembly 4 and the water inlet pipe 1 is increased when the impurity content in the water is relatively high. Refer to Figure 2 and Figure 3, a limiting hole corresponding to the sector plate 42 is formed in the inner wall of the circular ring 41. A rubber block 5 is slidably connected to the inner wall of the limiting hole. One end of the elastic plate 44 is fixedly connected to the rubber block 5. A limiting groove is formed on one side of the sector plate 42 close to the elastic plate 44. One end of the elastic plate 44 away from the rubber block 5 extends into the limiting groove movably. During use, one end of the elastic plate 44 is inserted into the limiting groove of the sector plate 42, and the rubber block 5 is moved into the circular ring 41. Then, the circular ring 41 is moved along the water inlet pipe 1 to a position close to the hydraulic cylinder 3. Since the rubber block 5 does not leak out of the circular ring 41, the rubber block 5 will not rub against the water inlet pipe 1 when the circular ring 41 moves along the inner wall of the water inlet pipe 1, and the filter screen adjusting assembly 4 can be smoothly moved to the specified position inside the water inlet pipe 1. Then, the sector plate 42 is pushed in the direction of the elastic plate 44. The sector plate 42 pushes the rubber block 5 through the elastic plate 44, and the rubber block 5 is pushed to contact the inner wall of the water inlet pipe 1. At this time, the circular ring 41 is fixed inside the water inlet pipe 1 due to the frictional force between the rubber block 5 and the inner wall of the water inlet pipe 1.

[0024] When the impurity content in the water is relatively high and the sector plate 42 and the filter screen 43 are pushed in the cross-sectional direction of the water inlet pipe 1, the thrust of the water flow on the sector plate 42 and the filter screen 43 increases. This increases the possibility of pushing the circular ring 41 to move along the water inlet pipe 1, resulting in unstable position of the filter screen adjusting assembly 4. To solve this problem, the rubber block 5 and the elastic plate 44 are combined. When the sector plate 42 and the filter screen 43 rotate in the cross-section of the water inlet pipe 1 due to the increased thrust of the water flow, the sector plate 42 and the filter screen 43 will push the elastic plate 44 to bend. The elastic plate 44 pushes the rubber block 5 to move towards the inner wall of the water inlet pipe 1, increasing the extrusion force between the rubber block 5 and the inner wall of the water inlet pipe 1, and further increasing the frictional force between the rubber block 5 and the water inlet pipe 1, so that the circular ring 41 cannot be pushed due to the frictional force between the rubber block 5 and the inner wall of the water inlet pipe 1.

[0025] When it is necessary to take out the filter screen adjusting assembly 4 from the inside of the water inlet pipe 1, only need to pull the sector plate 42 in the direction away from the elastic plate 44, and pull the rubber block 5 upward through the elastic plate 44 until the rubber block 5 completely enters the circular ring 41 and no longer contacts the inner wall of the water inlet pipe 1. At this time, there is no frictional force between the rubber block 5 and the water inlet pipe 1, and the staff can easily take out the circular ring 41 from the inside of the water inlet pipe 1.

[0026] Combining the above different scenarios, by setting rubber blocks 5 on the circular ring 41 and connecting them to the elastic plate 44, the friction force between the filter screen adjustment assembly 4 and the water inlet pipe 1 can be flexibly adjusted, reducing the difficulty of installing the filter screen adjustment assembly 4 into the water inlet pipe 1 and removing it from the inside of the water inlet pipe 1. At the same time, when the impurity content in the water inside the water inlet pipe 1 is relatively high and the thrust on the filter screen adjustment assembly 4 increases, the friction force between the filter screen adjustment assembly 4 and the water inlet pipe 1 automatically increases, improving the firmness of the connection between the filter screen adjustment assembly 4 and the water inlet pipe 1 and reducing the possibility of the filter screen adjustment assembly 4 being displaced by the water flow.

[0027] In order to flexibly adjust the position of the rubber block 5 inside the circular ring 41, referring to Figure 4 , the circular ring 41 includes a front side ring 411 close to the hydraulic cylinder 3 and a rear side ring 412 far from the hydraulic cylinder 3. The front side ring 411 and the rear side ring 412 are of an integrated structure. The thickness of the front side ring 411 is less than that of the rear side ring 412. The inner wall connection of the front side ring 411 and the rear side ring 412 is an arc surface, increasing the thickness of the circular ring 41 at the position of the rubber block 5, enabling the rubber block 5 with a larger thickness to be placed inside the circular ring 41, facilitating the flexible adjustment of the position of the rubber block 5 inside the circular ring 41. The arc surface at the front and rear connections of the circular ring 41 can reduce the resistance of the water flow from the front side ring 411 to the rear side ring 412, enabling the water flow to pass through the circular ring 41 smoothly, and at the same time reducing the possibility of impurities in the water settling at the connection of the front side ring 411 and the rear side ring 412.

[0028] In order to meet the requirements of the hydropower station, referring to Figure 1 , a flow meter 9 is installed at the top of the water inlet pipe 1, and a servo electric cylinder 10 for adjusting the depth position of the water turbine needle is installed on one side of the water inlet pipe 1. During use, the flow meter 9 measures the water flow in the water inlet pipe 1. When the water flow changes, it is convenient for the staff to control the depth position of the water turbine needle through the servo electric cylinder 10, enabling the water turbine to meet the usage requirements of different water flows and preventing the mismatch between the rotational speed and the flow rate of the water turbine. In addition to affecting the conversion efficiency of the unit, wasting water power resources, and seriously reducing the output power of the hydropower station, this situation will also exacerbate the cavitation effect of the water turbine, further increasing the noise and vibration of the unit and reducing the service life of the water turbine and the excitation generator.

[0029] Embodiment 2

[0030] In order to enable the water inlet pipe 1 to accommodate more impurities at the filter screen 43 and reduce the frequency of cleaning the impurities at the filter screen 43, referring to Figures 1-5, on the basis of the first embodiment, a receiving groove for receiving impurities blocked by the filter screen 43 is formed at the inner bottom of the collar 2. The side of the receiving groove away from the circular ring 41 is an inclined surface. The output end of the hydraulic cylinder 3 extends movably into the water inlet pipe 1. The output end of the hydraulic cylinder 3 is fixedly connected with a bent rod 6. The bottom of the bent rod 6 is fixedly connected with an arc-shaped plate 7 having the same radian as that of the receiving groove. One side of the arc-shaped plate 7 away from the circular ring 41 is fixedly connected with an inclined rod 8. The inclination angle of the inclined rod 8 is the same as the inclination angle of the inclined surface of the side of the receiving groove away from the circular ring 41. When the impurity content in the water is relatively high, the sector plate 42 and the filter screen 43 will be pushed towards the cross-section of the water inlet pipe 1, causing the sector plate 42, which was originally below the arc-shaped plate 7, to move to a position where it is no longer below the sector plate 42. During this process, there may be a situation where only the top surface of the sector plate 42 is below the arc-shaped plate 7. At this time, the staff controls the hydraulic cylinder 3 to extend. To facilitate the staff to accurately control the extension time of the hydraulic cylinder 3, the staff can use a probe or the like to check the position of the sector plate 42 before controlling the hydraulic cylinder 3 to extend. The hydraulic cylinder 3 pushes the bent rod 6, the arc-shaped plate 7 and the inclined rod 8 to descend. The inclined rod 8 in the water inlet pipe 1 can guide the passing water flow to flow downward along the angle of the inclined rod 8, promoting the downward settlement of impurities in the water and increasing the possibility of impurities in the water moving to the lower half area of the water inlet pipe 1.

[0031] When the arc-shaped plate 7 descends, the arc-shaped plate 7 collides with the top of the sector plate 42, squeezes the sector plate 42 and pushes it towards the elastic plate 44. Then the arc-shaped plate 7 continues to descend and rubs against the side surface of the sector plate 42 to a certain extent. The processes of collision and rubbing of the sector plate 42 will drive the impurities attached to the surface of the filter screen 43 to fall off. The impurities intercepted by the filter screen 43 fall into the receiving groove. After the arc-shaped plate 7 and the inclined rod 8 descend into the receiving groove, they squeeze the impurities settled inside it to compact the impurities. Then the hydraulic cylinder 3 controls the bent rod 6, the arc-shaped plate 7 and the inclined rod 8 to rise to the starting point, which can squeeze the impurities intercepted by the filter net 43 as needed, enable the water inlet pipe 1 to accommodate more impurities, reduce the frequency of the staff cleaning the impurities settled inside the water inlet pipe 1, and at the same time can clean the impurities on the surface of the filter screen 43 to prevent the filter screen 43 from being blocked by impurities.

[0032] Although the embodiments of the present invention have been shown and described, those of ordinary skill in the art can understand that various changes, modifications, substitutions and variations can be made to these embodiments without departing from the principles and spirits of the present invention. The scope of the present invention is defined by the appended claims and their equivalents.

Claims

1. A water inlet pipeline for a hydropower station, comprising a water inlet pipe (1), characterized in that: A collar (2) is sleeved on the water inlet end of the water inlet pipe (1). A hydraulic cylinder (3) is installed on the top of the collar (2). A filter screen adjusting assembly (4) for adjusting the projection area of the filter screen on the cross section of the water inlet pipe (1) according to the amount of impurities in the water is installed inside the collar (2). The filter screen adjusting assembly (4) includes a circular ring (41) installed on the inner wall of the water inlet pipe (1). A plurality of sector plates (42) are rotatably connected to the inner bottom of the circular ring (41). A filter screen (43) penetrating through the sector plate (42) is arranged on one side of the sector plate (42). An elastic plate (44) is connected between the sector plate (42) and the circular ring (41).

2. The intake pipeline of a hydroelectric power station according to claim 1, characterized in that: A limiting hole corresponding to the sector plate (42) is formed in the inner wall of the circular ring (41). A rubber block (5) is slidably connected to the inner wall of the limiting hole. One end of the elastic plate (44) is fixedly connected to the rubber block (5).

3. The water inlet pipeline of a hydroelectric power station according to claim 2, characterized in that: A limiting groove is formed in one side of the sector plate (42) close to the elastic plate (44). One end of the elastic plate (44) far from the rubber block (5) extends into the limiting groove movably.

4. A water inlet pipeline of a hydropower station according to claim 1, characterized in that: A receiving groove for receiving impurities blocked by the filter screen (43) is formed in the inner bottom of the collar (2). One side of the receiving groove far from the circular ring (41) is an inclined surface.

5. The intake pipeline of a hydroelectric power station according to claim 4, characterized in that: The output end of the hydraulic cylinder (3) extends into the water inlet pipe (1) movably. The output end of the hydraulic cylinder (3) is fixedly connected to a bent rod (6). An arc-shaped plate (7) having the same radian as the receiving groove is fixedly connected to the bottom of the bent rod (6).

6. The intake pipeline of a hydroelectric power station according to claim 5, characterized in that: An inclined rod (8) is fixedly connected to one side of the arc-shaped plate (7) far from the circular ring (41). The inclination angle of the inclined rod (8) is the same as the inclination angle of the inclined surface on one side of the receiving groove far from the circular ring (41).

7. A water inlet pipeline of a hydropower station according to claim 1, characterized in that: The circular ring (41) includes a front side ring (411) on the side close to the hydraulic cylinder (3) and a rear side ring (412) on the side far from the hydraulic cylinder (3). The front side ring (411) and the rear side ring (412) are of an integrated structure. The thickness of the front side ring (411) is smaller than that of the rear side ring (412). The connection part between the inner walls of the front side ring (411) and the rear side ring (412) is an arc surface.

8. A water inlet pipeline of a hydropower station according to claim 1, characterized in that: A flow meter (9) is installed on the top of the water inlet pipe (1). A servo electric cylinder (10) for adjusting the depth position of the water turbine nozzle needle is installed on one side of the water inlet pipe (1).

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