Archaeological screening device

Abstract

The invention relates to the technical field of screening devices, and discloses an archaeological screening device which comprises a cabinet with an operation table top formed on the upper end face, a cleaning assembly is arranged on the operation table top, and a screening structure is arranged in the cabinet. A slag inlet groove is formed in the operation table top, the screening structure comprises a screening drum, a scattering assembly and a screening assembly are arranged in the screening drum from top to bottom, a knocking assembly is arranged on the operation table top, and the scattering assembly is used for driving the knocking assembly to knock the cleaning assembly when working; a driving assembly is arranged in the screen drum, and an air exhaust assembly is arranged on the driving assembly; a slag discharging groove is formed in the side wall of the screen drum, and a lifting assembly is arranged at the bottom of the screen drum. According to the device, soil residues can automatically enter the screen drum through the cleaning assembly, the soil residues are scattered through the scattering assembly and then preliminarily screened through the screening assembly, tiny residues obtained after preliminary screening and discharging of the soil residues are achieved through lifting of the screening assembly, and compared with existing manual soil residue collecting and transferring, the device can directly preliminarily screen the soil residues, the labor intensity of workers is reduced, and the working efficiency is improved. The actual use is convenient.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present invention relates to the technical field of screening devices, and more specifically, to an archaeological screening device. Background Art

[0002] In archaeological work, screening soil samples (i.e., "soil screening") is a crucial step in extracting and analyzing minute remains. Its core purpose is to separate various material remains that are difficult to observe with the naked eye from the cultural deposits of the site, providing evidence for studying ancient human activities, environmental interactions, and cultural development.

[0003] During the archaeological process, it is usually necessary to sweep the soil residues on the surface of cultural relics. Since there may be minute remains in the soil residues, such as small pottery pieces, animal bones, etc., it is necessary to screen the soil residues. However, during the archaeological work process, it is usually done manually by brushing the surface of cultural relics, collecting the soil residues, and then transporting the soil residues to the screening device for screening. As a result, the screening of soil residues is rather inconvenient and thus needs to be improved. Summary of the Invention

[0004] The purpose of the present invention is to provide an archaeological screening device to solve the problems raised in the above background art.

[0005] To achieve the above purpose, the present invention provides the following technical solutions: An archaeological screening device includes a cabinet with an operation tabletop formed on its upper end surface. An cleaning component for cleaning the surface of cultural relics is provided on the operation tabletop, and a screening structure for screening the soil residues cleaned by the cleaning component is provided inside the cabinet. An slag inlet groove is formed along the circumference of the cleaning component on the operation tabletop. The screening structure includes a sieve cylinder installed on the operation tabletop at the upper end and covering the outside of the slag inlet groove. Inside the sieve cylinder, there is a dispersing component for dispersing the soil residues from top to bottom and a screening component for screening the soil residues. A knocking component is provided on the lower side surface of the operation tabletop. When the dispersing component works, it is used to drive the knocking component to knock the cleaning component. A driving component for driving the dispersing component to work is provided inside the sieve cylinder. An air extraction component is provided on the driving component. When the driving component works, it is used to drive the air extraction component to work, so as to generate negative pressure inside the sieve cylinder. A slag discharge groove is formed along the circumference of the side wall of the sieve cylinder. A lifting component for driving the screening component to lift is provided at the bottom of the sieve cylinder. The screening component lifts to realize the opening and closing of the slag discharge groove.

[0006] Further, the cleaning component includes a cleaning table provided on the operation tabletop. A cleaning cavity matching the slag inlet groove is formed along the circumference inside the cleaning table. The bottom surface of the cleaning cavity forms a conical slag guiding surface, and leakage grooves communicating with the cleaning cavity are arranged on the upper side surface of the cleaning table.

[0007] Further, an installation frame is provided inside the sieve cylinder. The dispersing assembly includes an outer cylinder and an inner cylinder which are arranged above the installation frame and can move up and down. A first inclined ring is arranged along the circumferential direction on the inner side of the outer cylinder, and a second inclined ring which is located below the first inclined ring is arranged along the circumferential direction on the outer side of the inner cylinder; The driving assembly includes a rotating shaft which is arranged on the installation frame along the axial direction of the sieve cylinder and can rotate. A first driving member is arranged on the rotating shaft. The rotation of the rotating shaft is used to drive the first driving member to realize the up and down movement of the outer cylinder and the inner cylinder.

[0008] Further, a sliding groove is arranged along the axial direction on the outer side wall of the outer cylinder. A sliding block which slides inside the sliding groove is arranged on the inner wall of the sieve cylinder. A guide rod which penetrates through the inner cylinder and the installation frame is arranged on the outer cylinder; The first driving member includes an upper fixing column and a lower fixing column which are arranged on the rotating shaft. An upper fixing sleeve which covers the upper fixing column is arranged on the outer cylinder. A lower fixing sleeve which covers the lower fixing column is arranged on the inner cylinder. Driving grooves which are in a wave shape and are connected end to end are arranged along the circumferential direction on the outer side walls of the upper fixing column and the lower fixing column. Driving columns which are located inside the corresponding driving grooves and slide are arranged oppositely on the upper fixing sleeve and the lower fixing sleeve. The rotation of the rotating shaft drives the upper fixing column and the lower fixing column to rotate to realize the up and down movement of the outer cylinder and the inner cylinder.

[0009] Further, the air extraction assembly includes a fan blade which is arranged on the rotating shaft. The rotation of the rotating shaft is used to drive the fan blade to blow air towards the lower part of the sieve cylinder.

[0010] Further, a mounting cavity which is in a frustum shape and communicates with the inside of the sieve cylinder is formed on the lower side surface of the cleaning table; The knocking assembly includes a mounting bracket which is arranged inside the mounting cavity. Mounting seats are arranged along the circumferential direction on the inner side wall of the mounting bracket. A bent knocking rod is arranged inside the mounting seat through a torsion spring. The torsion spring is used to drive the lower end of the knocking rod to abut against the outer cylinder. A knocking ball is arranged on the upper end of the knocking rod. The up and down movement of the outer cylinder is used to push the lower end of the knocking rod so that the knocking ball knocks the slag guiding surface.

[0011] Further, the screening assembly includes a sieve frame which is in a frustum shape. A sieve mesh is arranged at the frustum surface of the sieve frame. A shielding ring which is matched with the slag discharging groove is formed by extending downward along the circumferential direction at the lower end part of the sieve frame. A material guiding ring which is used to guide the soil slag to the upper end part of the sieve mesh is arranged inside the sieve cylinder.

[0012] Further, a detachable plug cover is arranged at the bottom of the sieve cylinder. The lifting assembly includes an electric push rod which is arranged on the plug cover. The output shaft of the electric push rod is connected to the sieve frame.

[0013] Further, a second driving member which is used to drive the sieve frame to shake up and down is arranged on the rotating shaft.

[0014] Further, the second driving member includes a rotating rod rotatably connected to the output shaft of the electric push rod and penetrating through the sieve frame. A rotating cylinder for the rotating rod to extend into is provided at the lower end of the rotating shaft. A limiting groove is provided along the axial direction on the inner side wall of the rotating cylinder. A limiting block sliding in the limiting groove is provided on the outer side wall of the rotating rod. An annular column is provided on the rotating rod below the sieve frame. A spring for pushing the sieve frame to move upward is sleeved on the rotating rod above the annular column. Grooves are arranged along the circumferential direction on the lower side wall of the annular column. The two side walls of the grooves form guiding surfaces. A sliding rod that bends and is stuck into the corresponding groove is provided on the sieve frame. The rotation of the annular column is used to drive the sliding rod to slide into or out of the groove along the guiding surface, so as to realize the up and down shaking of the sieve frame.

[0015] Compared with the prior art, the beneficial effects of the present invention are as follows: 1. In the present invention, the cultural relics are placed on the cleaning component, and the operator brushes the cultural relics so that the soil residues automatically enter the sieve cylinder. After the soil residues entering the sieve cylinder are dispersed by the dispersing component, they are directly subjected to preliminary screening by the screening component, and the lifting component is used to drive the screening component to lift to discharge the tiny remains and soil residues after preliminary screening. Compared with the existing manual collection and transportation of soil residues, the screening device of the present invention can directly perform preliminary screening on the soil residues, which is convenient for actual use.

[0016] 2. In the present invention, through the setting of the knocking component, when the dispersing component works, the knocking component can knock the cleaning component, so as to promote the soil residues on the cleaning component to enter the sieve cylinder through the slag inlet groove, enabling the screening device to preferably perform preliminary screening on the soil residues.

[0017] 3. In the present invention, through the setting of the driving component and the air extraction component, the driving component can drive the dispersing component to work. At the same time, it can drive the air extraction component to work to generate negative pressure in the sieve cylinder, so that the floating dust generated at the cleaning component can enter the sieve cylinder through the slag inlet groove, avoiding the floating dust generated when the operator brushes with a brush and affecting the cleaning operation. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0018] Figure 1 It is a schematic structural diagram of an archaeological screening device in the present invention.

[0019] Figure 2 It is a schematic cross-sectional view of an archaeological screening device in the present invention.

[0020] Figure 3 It is a schematic semi-cross-sectional structure diagram of the dispersing component in the present invention.

[0021] Figure 4 It is a schematic semi-cross-sectional structure diagram of the sieve cylinder in the present invention.

[0022] Figure 5 It is a schematic structural diagram of the rotating shaft on the mounting frame in the present invention.

[0023] Figure 6 This is a schematic semi-sectional view of the cleaning table in the present invention.

[0024] Figure 7 This is a schematic structural view of the knocking component in the present invention.

[0025] Figure 8 This is a schematic structural view of the screening component in the present invention.

[0026] The meanings of the reference numerals in the figure are as follows: 100, cabinet; 101, operating tabletop; 102, slag inlet groove; 110, cleaning table; 111, leakage groove; 200, sieve cylinder; 201, slag discharge groove; 211, cleaning cavity; 220, mounting bracket; 230, outer cylinder; 231, first inclined ring; 232, guide rod; 240, inner cylinder; 241, second inclined ring; 250, rotating shaft; 251, fan blade; 260, mounting support; 270, sieve frame; 271, shielding ring; 280, material guiding ring; 290, plug cover; 291, electric push rod; 311, sliding groove; 312, first notch; 320, upper fixed sleeve; 330, lower fixed sleeve; 401, slider; 402, flange part; 403, air duct opening; 501, driving groove; 510, upper fixed column; 520, lower fixed column; 530, rotating cylinder; 540, double-shaft motor; 551, second notch; 611, mounting cavity; 710, mounting seat; 720, knocking rod; 721, knocking ball; 801, sliding slot; 810, sieve mesh; 820, rotating rod; 821, ring column; 822, groove; 830, spring; 840, sliding rod. Detailed implementation manners

[0027] To further understand the content of the present invention, the present invention will be described in detail with reference to the drawings and embodiments. It should be understood that the embodiments are only for explaining the present invention and not for limiting it.

[0028] The following will Figures 1 - 8 make further detailed descriptions of this embodiment.

[0029] As Figure 1 and Figure 2As shown in the figure, an archaeological screening device in this embodiment includes a cabinet 100 with an operation table surface 101 formed on its upper end surface. A cleaning component for cleaning the surface of cultural relics is provided on the operation table surface 101, and a screening structure for screening the soil residues cleaned by the cleaning component is provided inside the cabinet 100. Among them, the cleaning component is arranged at the central position of the operation table surface 101. During actual use, the operator places the cultural relic on the cleaning component and uses a brush to brush the soil residues on the surface of the cultural relic to make the soil residues break away from the surface of the cultural relic. The cleaned soil residues enter the screening structure, and the screening structure preliminarily screens the soil residues to preliminarily screen out tiny remains such as small pottery pieces and animal bones in the soil residues.

[0030] In this embodiment, a slag inlet groove 102 is formed along the circumferential direction of the cleaning component on the operation table surface 101. The screening structure includes a sieve cylinder 200 installed on the upper end of the operation table surface 101 and covering the outside of the slag inlet groove 102. The sieve cylinder 200 has openings at both the upper and lower ends and is vertically installed on the top wall of the cabinet 100. Specifically, a flange portion 402 extends outward from the upper end of the sieve cylinder 200, and the flange portion 402 is fixed to the top end surface of the cabinet 100 by bolts. Inside the sieve cylinder 200, a dispersing component for dispersing the soil residues and a screening component for screening the soil residues are provided from top to bottom. A knocking component is provided on the lower side surface of the operation table surface 101. When the dispersing component works, it is used to drive the knocking component to knock the cleaning component. A driving component for driving the dispersing component to work is provided inside the sieve cylinder 200, and an air extraction component is provided on the driving component. When the driving component works, it is used to drive the air extraction component to work, so as to generate negative pressure inside the sieve cylinder 200. A slag discharge groove 201 is formed along the circumferential direction of the side wall of the sieve cylinder 200. A lifting component for driving the screening component to lift is provided at the bottom of the sieve cylinder 200. The screening component lifts to realize the opening and closing of the slag discharge groove 201.

[0031] During actual use of this embodiment, the soil residues cleaned and dropped on the cleaning component enter the sieve cylinder 200 through the slag inlet groove 102. The soil residues entering the sieve cylinder 200 are dispersed by the dispersing component to separate the soil residues from the tiny remains. The separated soil residues and tiny remains enter the screening component for screening, so that the screening effect of the screening component on the soil residues is better. Among them, through the setting of the knocking component, when the dispersing component works, it can make the knocking component knock the cleaning component, and then it can promote the soil residues on the cleaning component to enter the sieve cylinder 200 through the slag inlet groove 102. In this embodiment, through the settings of the driving component and the air extraction component, the driving component can drive the dispersing component to work. At the same time, it can drive the air extraction component to work to generate negative pressure in the screening cylinder 200, so that the floating dust generated at the cleaning component can enter the screening cylinder 200 through the slag inlet groove 102, avoiding the generation of floating dust when the operator uses a brush to sweep, which affects the cleaning operation.

[0032] In this embodiment, through the settings of the slag discharge groove 201 and the lifting component, in actual use, when the lifting component drives the screening component to lift to close the slag discharge groove 201, at this time, the screening component performs a screening operation on the soil slag. When the lifting component drives the screening component to lift to open the slag discharge groove 201, at this time, the tiny remains and the larger soil slag screened on the screening component can be discharged into the cabinet 100 through the slag discharge groove 201. Among them, one side of the cabinet 100 is provided with an openable and closable cabinet door. By opening and closing the cabinet door, the tiny remains and the larger soil slag can be taken out to facilitate subsequent screening treatment of this part of the soil slag.

[0033] In this embodiment, in combination with Figure 6 As shown, the cleaning component includes a cleaning table 110 provided on the operation table 101. The cleaning table 110 is disc-shaped, and the slag inlet groove 102 is distributed along the circumference of the cleaning table 110. A cleaning cavity 211 matching the slag inlet groove 102 is provided along the circumference inside the cleaning table 110. The bottom surface of the cleaning cavity 211 forms a conical slag guiding surface, and a leakage groove 111 communicating with the cleaning cavity 211 is arranged on the upper side surface of the cleaning table 110.

[0034] In this embodiment, the cleaning table 110 is used to place cultural relics. Among them, through the settings of the leakage groove 111, the cleaning cavity 211 and the slag guiding surface, in actual use, the soil slag dropped by brushing with a brush enters the cleaning cavity 211 through the leakage groove 111. Through the setting of the slag guiding surface, the soil slag entering the cleaning cavity 211 slides out of the cleaning cavity 211 along the slag guiding surface under the action of gravity and enters the screening cylinder 200 through the slag inlet groove 102, thus realizing that the brushed and dropped soil slag automatically enters the screening cylinder 200 through the slag inlet groove 102.

[0035] In this embodiment, in combination with Figures 3 - 5 As shown, an installation frame 220 is fixedly arranged in the screening cylinder 200. The dispersing component includes an outer cylinder 230 and an inner cylinder 240 which are arranged above the installation frame 220 and can move up and down. A first inclined ring 231 is arranged along the circumference on the inner side of the outer cylinder 230, and a second inclined ring 241 located below the first inclined ring 231 is arranged along the circumference on the outer side of the inner cylinder 240. The driving component includes a rotating shaft 250 which is arranged on the installation frame 220 along the axial direction of the screening cylinder 200 and can rotate. A first driving member is arranged on the rotating shaft 250. The rotation of the rotating shaft 250 is used to drive the first driving member to realize the up and down movement of the outer cylinder 230 and the inner cylinder 240.

[0036] In this embodiment, as Figure 3 shown, the side wall of the outer cylinder 230 is in sliding fit with the inner wall of the sieve cylinder 200. The lower end of the outer cylinder 230 is open, and a first notch 312 is provided on its upper end face corresponding to the slag inlet groove 102. The inner cylinder 240 is sleeved inside the outer cylinder 230, and both ends of the inner cylinder 240 are open. Among them, through the settings of the first inclined ring 231 and the second inclined ring 241, when in actual use, the soil slag entering the sieve cylinder 200 enters the space between the outer cylinder 230 and the inner cylinder 240 through the first notch 312 and falls. During the falling process, it will impact the first inclined ring 231 and the second inclined ring 241, thereby preferably dispersing the soil slag; Among them, in order to improve the dispersing effect of the dispersing component on the soil slag, in this embodiment, the rotation of the rotating shaft 250 drives the first driving member to drive the outer cylinder 230 and the inner cylinder 240 to move up and down, so that the first inclined ring 231 and the second inclined ring 241 move up and down to impact the falling soil slag, thereby increasing the impact force to improve the dispersing effect on the soil slag.

[0037] Specifically, in order to realize the rotation of the rotating shaft 250, a double-shaft motor 540 for driving the rotation of the rotating shaft 250 is installed on the mounting frame 220.

[0038] In this embodiment, a chute 311 is provided on the outer side wall of the outer cylinder 230 along its axial direction, and a slider 401 that slides in the chute 311 is provided on the inner wall of the sieve cylinder 200. By using the cooperation of the chute 311 and the slider 401, the outer cylinder 230 is restricted inside the sieve cylinder 200 and cannot rotate circumferentially; a guide rod 232 that penetrates the inner cylinder 240 and the mounting frame 220 is provided on the outer cylinder 230, and a limit nut is threadedly connected to the lower end of the guide rod 232 to restrict the inner cylinder 240 so that it cannot rotate circumferentially; The first driving member includes an upper fixing column 510 and a lower fixing column 520 provided on the rotating shaft 250. An upper fixing sleeve 320 covering the upper fixing column 510 is provided on the outer cylinder 230, and a lower fixing sleeve 330 covering the lower fixing column 520 is provided on the inner cylinder 240. Wave-shaped and end-to-end driving grooves 501 are provided on the outer side walls of the upper fixing column 510 and the lower fixing column 520 along their circumferences. Driving columns that slide in the corresponding driving grooves 501 are provided oppositely on the upper fixing sleeve 320 and the lower fixing sleeve 330. The rotation of the rotating shaft 250 drives the upper fixing column 510 and the lower fixing column 520 to rotate to realize the up and down movement of the outer cylinder 230 and the inner cylinder 240.

[0039] In actual use of this embodiment, the driving column in the upper fixing sleeve 320 extends to the lowermost end of the corresponding driving groove 501, and the driving column in the lower fixing sleeve 330 extends to the uppermost end of the corresponding driving groove 501. At this time, the rotating shaft 250 drives the upper fixing column 510 and the lower fixing column 520 to rotate synchronously, thereby driving the outer cylinder 230 and the inner cylinder 240 to move relatively up and down, that is, enabling the first inclined ring 231 and the second inclined ring 241 to move relatively up and down. Compared with their synchronous lifting, the relative lifting of the two in this embodiment can realize the change in the distance between them, thereby improving the effect of impacting the soil residue, that is, making the dispersing effect of the soil residue better. In actual use of this embodiment, in order to prevent soil residue from entering the inner cylinder 240, a first protective cloth connected to the top wall of the outer cylinder 230 is arranged along the circumferential direction of the upper end of the inner cylinder 240. The mounting frame 220 is correspondingly provided with a second notch 551. The dispersed soil residue continues to fall through the second notch 551 onto the screening assembly below. A second protective cloth connected to the mounting frame 220 is arranged along the circumferential direction of the lower end of the second inclined ring 241. Both the first protective cloth and the second protective cloth do not affect the relative lifting of the outer cylinder 230 and the inner cylinder 240.

[0040] In this embodiment, the air extraction assembly includes a fan blade 251 arranged on the rotating shaft 250. The rotation of the rotating shaft 250 is used to drive the fan blade 251 to blow air towards the lower part of the sieve cylinder 200.

[0041] In this embodiment, the rotation of the rotating shaft 250 drives the fan blade 251 to blow air towards the lower part of the sieve cylinder 200, so as to generate negative pressure in the sieve cylinder 200. Specifically, an air duct opening 403 is formed on the side wall of the sieve cylinder 200 below the screening assembly. The air duct opening 403 is connected to a bag filter outside the cabinet 100 through a fan. Thus, the dust entering the sieve cylinder 200 can enter the bag filter for treatment under the action of the fan blade 251 and the fan, so that the air discharged from the sieve cylinder 200 is dust-removed and discharged.

[0042] In this embodiment, in combination Figure 6 and Figure 7 As shown, an installation cavity 611 in the shape of a frustum of a cone and communicating with the inside of the sieve cylinder 200 is formed on the lower side surface of the cleaning table 110. The knocking assembly includes a mounting bracket 260 arranged in the installation cavity 611. The inner side wall of the mounting bracket 260 is provided with mounting seats 710 along its circumferential direction. A bent knocking rod 720 is arranged in the mounting seat 710 through a torsion spring. The torsion spring is used to drive the lower end of the knocking rod 720 to abut against the outer cylinder 230. A knocking ball 721 is arranged at the upper end of the knocking rod 720. The up and down movement of the outer cylinder 230 is used to push the lower end of the knocking rod 720 so that the knocking ball 721 knocks the slag guiding surface.

[0043] In this embodiment, the mounting bracket 260 is threadedly connected to the mounting cavity 611. With the above structure, under the action of the torsion spring, the lower end of the striking rod 720 abuts against the upper end surface of the outer cylinder 230. When the outer cylinder 230 moves up and down, it can push the lower end of the striking rod 720 so that the upper end of the striking rod 720 approaches the side wall of the mounting cavity 611, and then the striking ball 721 strikes the slag guiding surface, so as to promote the sliding and falling of the soil slag along the slag guiding surface, thereby improving the effect of discharging the soil slag from the cleaning cavity 211; It should be noted that, in order to improve the striking effect of the striking ball 721 on the slag guiding surface, in this embodiment, a plurality of mounting seats 710 are arranged along the circumferential direction on the inner side of the mounting bracket 260, and the striking rods 720 abutting against the upper end of the outer cylinder 230 are arranged in the mounting seats 710 through torsion springs.

[0044] In this embodiment, the screening assembly includes a frustum-shaped screen frame 270. A screen 810 is provided at the frustum surface of the screen frame 270. A shielding ring 271 that cooperates with the slag discharge groove 201 extends downward along the circumferential direction at the lower end of the screen frame 270. A material guiding ring 280 for guiding the soil slag to the upper end of the screen 810 is provided in the screen cylinder 200.

[0045] In this embodiment, a detachable plug cover 290 is provided at the bottom of the screen cylinder 200. The plug cover 290 is threadedly installed at the bottom end of the screen cylinder 200. The lifting assembly includes an electric push rod 291 provided on the plug cover 290, and the output shaft of the electric push rod 291 is connected to the screen frame 270.

[0046] In this embodiment, the soil slag can be screened through the screen 810. During actual use, the outer side wall of the shielding ring 271 slides and fits the inner wall of the screen cylinder 200, and thus can better block the slag discharge groove 201; In this embodiment, the electric push rod 291 is used to push the screen frame 270 upward so that the shielding ring 271 blocks the slag discharge groove 201, that is, the slag discharge groove 201 is closed, so that the screen frame 270 and the screen 810 perform screening operations; the electric push rod 291 is used to push the screen frame 270 downward so that the shielding ring 271 moves downward to release the blockage of the slag discharge groove 201. At this time, the slag discharge groove 201 is opened, so that the fine remains and the larger soil slag on the screen 810 can be discharged, so that the operator can perform subsequent screening on the fine remains and the larger soil slag.

[0047] Combined with Figure 8 As shown, in this embodiment, a second driving member for driving the screen frame 270 to shake up and down is provided on the rotating shaft 250.

[0048] In this embodiment, the second driving member includes a rotating rod 820 rotatably connected to the output shaft of the electric push rod 291 and penetrating through the sieve frame 270. A rotating cylinder 530 for the rotating rod 820 to extend into is provided at the lower end of the rotating shaft 250. A limiting groove is axially provided on the inner side wall of the rotating cylinder 530, and a limiting block sliding in the limiting groove is provided on the outer side wall of the rotating rod 820. By means of the arrangement of the limiting groove and the limiting block, a keyway fit is formed between the rotating cylinder 530 and the rotating rod 820, that is, the rotation of the rotating shaft 250 can drive the rotation of the rotating rod 820. At the same time, the rotating rod 820 can lift in the rotating cylinder 530 to adjust the opening and closing of the slag discharge groove 201 by lifting the sieve frame 270; A ring column 821 is provided on the rotating rod 820 below the sieve frame 270, and a spring 830 for pushing the sieve frame 270 upward is sleeved on the rotating rod 820 above the ring column 821. Grooves 822 are circumferentially arranged on the lower side wall of the ring column 821, and the two side walls of the grooves 822 form guide surfaces. A sliding rod 840 bent and clamped into the corresponding grooves 822 is provided on the sieve frame 270. The rotation of the ring column 821 is used to drive the sliding rod 840 to slide into or out of the grooves 822 along the guide surfaces to realize the up and down shaking of the sieve frame 270.

[0049] In this embodiment, through the above structure, the lower end of the spring 830 abuts against the ring column 821, and the upper end abuts against the sieve frame 270, so as to move the sieve frame 270 upward, and further make the sliding rod 840 abut against the inside of the groove 822 or the lower end surface of the ring column 821, so that the sieve frame 270 is installed; Wherein, a sliding groove 801 is arranged on the outer side wall of the shielding ring 271 along its lifting direction, and a sliding block sliding in the sliding groove 801 is arranged on the inner wall of the sieve cylinder 200. Thus, the sieve frame 270 is restricted and cannot rotate circumferentially. Therefore, when the rotating rod 820 drives the ring column 821 to rotate, the sliding rod 840 can slide into or out of the groove 822 along the guide surface, so as to realize the up and down shaking of the sieve frame 270 and the sieve mesh 810, so as to improve the filtering effect of the soil residue; It should be noted that when the sieve frame 270 moves upward to shield and seal the slag discharge groove 201, at this time, when the sieve frame 270 and the sieve mesh 810 shake up and down, the shielding ring 271 always shields and seals the slag discharge groove 201 to prevent the slag discharge groove 201 from opening and affecting the screening effect.

[0050] In summary, the above are only the preferred embodiments of the present invention, and all equivalent changes and modifications made according to the scope of the patent application of the present invention shall fall within the scope covered by the patent of the present invention.

Claims

1. An archaeological screening device, comprising a cabinet body with an operation table surface formed on its upper end surface, characterized in that: A cleaning component for cleaning the surface of cultural relics is provided on the operation tabletop, and a screening structure for screening the soil residues cleaned out by the cleaning component is provided inside the cabinet; A slag inlet groove is formed along the circumference of the cleaning component on the operation tabletop. The screening structure includes a sieve cylinder with its upper end mounted on the operation tabletop and covering the outside of the slag inlet groove. Inside the sieve cylinder, there is a dispersing component for dispersing the soil residues from top to bottom and a screening component for screening the soil residues. A knocking component is provided on the lower side of the operation tabletop. When the dispersing component works, it is used to drive the knocking component to knock the cleaning component; A driving component for driving the dispersing component to work is provided inside the sieve cylinder. An air extraction component is provided on the driving component. When the driving component works, it is used to drive the air extraction component to work, so as to generate negative pressure inside the sieve cylinder; A slag discharge groove is formed along the circumference of the side wall of the sieve cylinder. A lifting component for driving the screening component to lift is provided at the bottom of the sieve cylinder. The screening component lifts to realize the opening and closing of the slag discharge groove.

2. The archaeological screening and selection device according to claim 1, characterized in that: The cleaning component includes a cleaning table provided on the operation tabletop. Inside the cleaning table, a cleaning cavity matching the slag inlet groove is formed along its circumference. The bottom surface of the cleaning cavity forms a conical slag guiding surface. A leakage groove communicating with the cleaning cavity is arranged on the upper side of the cleaning table.

3. An archaeological selection and screening device according to claim 2, characterized in that: An installation frame is provided inside the sieve cylinder. The dispersing component includes an outer cylinder and an inner cylinder that can move up and down above the installation frame. A first inclined ring is arranged along the circumference on the inner side of the outer cylinder, and a second inclined ring located below the first inclined ring is arranged along the circumference on the outer side of the inner cylinder; The driving component includes a rotating shaft that is axially arranged along the sieve cylinder and rotatably arranged on the installation frame. A first driving member is provided on the rotating shaft. The rotation of the rotating shaft is used to drive the first driving member to move the outer cylinder and the inner cylinder up and down.

4. An archaeological screening device according to claim 3, characterized in that: A sliding groove is arranged along the axial direction on the outer side wall of the outer cylinder. A sliding block located inside the sliding groove is arranged on the inner wall of the sieve cylinder. A guiding rod passing through the inner cylinder and the installation frame is provided on the outer cylinder; The first driving member includes an upper fixed column and a lower fixed column arranged on the rotating shaft. An upper fixed sleeve covering the upper fixed column is provided on the outer cylinder, and a lower fixed sleeve covering the lower fixed column is provided on the inner cylinder. Wave-shaped and end-to-end driving grooves are arranged along the circumference on the outer side walls of the upper fixed column and the lower fixed column. Driving columns located inside the corresponding driving grooves are arranged oppositely on the upper fixed sleeve and the lower fixed sleeve. The rotation of the rotating shaft drives the upper fixed column and the lower fixed column to rotate to realize the up and down movement of the outer cylinder and the inner cylinder.

5. An archaeological screening device according to claim 3, characterized in that: The air extraction component includes a fan blade arranged on the rotating shaft. The rotation of the rotating shaft is used to drive the fan blade to blow air towards the lower part of the sieve cylinder.

6. The archaeological screening device according to claim 3, wherein: A conical installation cavity communicating with the inside of the sieve cylinder is formed on the lower side of the cleaning table; The knocking component includes an installation bracket arranged inside the installation cavity. Installation seats are arranged along the circumference on the inner side wall of the installation bracket. A bent knocking rod is arranged inside the installation seat through a torsion spring. The torsion spring is used to drive the lower end of the knocking rod to abut against the outer cylinder. A knocking ball is provided at the upper end of the knocking rod. The up and down movement of the outer cylinder is used to push the lower end of the knocking rod so that the knocking ball knocks the slag guiding surface.

7. An archaeological screening device according to claim 3, characterized in that: The screening component includes a sieve frame in the shape of a frustum of a cone. A sieve mesh is arranged at the circular table surface of the sieve frame. An occlusion ring matching the slag discharge groove is formed by extending downward along the circumference at the lower end of the sieve frame. A guiding ring for guiding the soil residues to the upper end of the sieve mesh is provided inside the sieve cylinder.

8. An archaeological screening device according to claim 7, characterized in that: A detachable plug cover is provided at the bottom of the sieve cylinder. The lifting assembly includes an electric push rod provided on the plug cover, and the output shaft of the electric push rod is connected to the sieve frame.

9. An archaeological selection and screening device according to claim 7, characterized in that: A second driving member for driving the sieve frame to vibrate up and down is provided on the rotating shaft.

10. An archaeological screening device according to claim 9, wherein: The second driving member includes a rotating rod rotatably connected to the output shaft of the electric push rod and passing through the sieve frame. A rotating cylinder for the rotating rod to extend into is provided at the lower end of the rotating shaft. A limiting groove is provided along the axial direction on the inner side wall of the rotating cylinder. A limiting block sliding in the limiting groove is provided on the outer side wall of the rotating rod. An annular column is provided on the rotating rod below the sieve frame. A spring for pushing the sieve frame to move upward is sleeved on the rotating rod above the annular column. Grooves are arranged along the circumferential direction on the lower side wall of the annular column, and guide surfaces are formed on both side walls of the grooves. A sliding rod is provided on the sieve frame and is bent and snapped into the corresponding groove. The rotation of the annular column is used to drive the sliding rod to slide into or out of the groove along the guide surface, so as to realize the up and down vibration of the sieve frame.

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