Desert water-retaining agent as well as application and preparation method thereof

Abstract

The invention relates to the technical field of desert control, in particular to a desert water-retaining agent as well as application and a preparation method thereof, and the desert water-retaining agent comprises the following materials: 30-40% of yellow soil, 15-25% of shale powder, 10-20% of rock phosphate powder, 5-15% of hydrogel, 5-10% of a flora active agent, 5-10% of rice straw, 5-10% of a seaweed extract and 1-5% of a graphene material. The water-retaining agent disclosed by the invention is completely prepared from natural inorganic materials, does not use any chemical raw material, and is low in cost and pollution-free; the water retention performance is good; hardening cannot occur after long-time use; all the components are natural inorganic materials, so that the service life is long, a water-retaining agent does not need to be doped into the sand again after the sand is used once, and the use cost is further reduced; in addition, the phosphate ore, the flora active agent and the rice straw can continuously provide fertility for plants and promote plant growth.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The invention relates to the technical field of desert control, and in particular to a desert water retaining agent and a use and a preparation method thereof. Background Art

[0002] In the management and utilization of deserts, due to the extremely low precipitation in deserts, it is necessary to use water retainers to help the restoration of vegetation or the planting of crops. Most of the water retainers currently sold on the market use organic chemical materials, which will cause environmental pollution when used. For example, Chinese invention patent CN102181294A discloses a desert water retainer, which still uses a large amount of organic chemical materials; and these water retainers are added in large amounts. In view of the huge volume of sand itself and its limited service life, its use cost is very high; and these water retainers will cause hardening over time and reduce the water conservation effect, thereby reducing water retention and arableness. Summary of the invention

[0003] The technical problem to be solved by the present invention is to provide a desert water-retaining agent which has a continuous and good water-retaining performance, reduces the cost and does not pollute the environment.

[0004] The technical solution adopted by the present invention to solve the technical problem is: a desert water retaining agent, comprising the following materials: 30-40% yellow soil, 15-25% shale powder, 10-20% phosphate rock powder, 5-15% hydrogel, 5-10% bacterial community active agent, 5-10% rice straw, 5-10% seaweed extract, and 1-5% graphene material.

[0005] Preferably, the moisture content of each of the above raw materials is within 10%.

[0006] The invention also discloses a use of a desert water retaining agent in desert transformation, which is characterized in that the water retaining agent is mixed evenly in sand particles at a mass of 0.1 to 0.5 times of the mass of the sand particles, and then a proper amount of water is added to mix into a muddy state, which can be used for crop planting.

[0007] The present invention also discloses a method for preparing a desert water-retaining agent, comprising the steps of:

[0008] S1: Prepare raw materials: prepare yellow soil, shale powder, phosphate rock powder, hydrogel, bacterial flora active agent, rice straw, seaweed extract and graphene material according to the required proportions;

[0009] S2: Mixing: putting yellow soil, shale powder, phosphate rock powder, hydrogel, rice straw, seaweed extract and graphene material into a mixer and mixing them thoroughly to ensure that the various raw materials are evenly mixed together;

[0010] S3: Grinding: Grind the mixed raw materials to make their particles more uniform, improving the stability and water absorption performance of the soil water retention material;

[0011] S4: Soaking and activation: Soak the ground raw materials in an appropriate amount of water to activate the hydrogel and seaweed extract, improving the water absorption capacity. An appropriate amount of microbial flora activator can be added to promote the activity of probiotics;

[0012] S5: Pressing or granulating: Press or granulate the soaked and activated materials. Special granulating machinery or tablet presses can be used for operation. Through pressing or granulating, a certain shape and stability can be given to the soil water retention material;

[0013] S6: Drying and curing: Carry out appropriate drying and curing treatment on the pressed or granulated materials to remove excess moisture and make the soil water retention material more stable;

[0014] S7: Fine processing and screening: Carry out fine processing and screening on the dried and cured materials to ensure that the particle size and uniformity meet the requirements.

[0015] The present invention also claims the use of the above-mentioned desert water retention agent in desert transformation: Mix the water retention agent in the sand at 0.1 - 0.5 times the mass of the sand, and then add an appropriate amount of water to form a slurry, which can be used for crop planting.

[0016] The present invention also claims to protect a method for preparing a desert water retention agent, which includes the steps of: drying soil, shale powder, and phosphate rock powder respectively to make their moisture content below 10%, and then mixing and grinding them in a Raymond mill at a mass percentage ratio of 10% - 95%: 0.5% - 70%: 0.5% - 20% and passing through a 50 - 300 mesh sieve.

[0017] The water retention agent of the present invention uses all natural inorganic materials, does not use any chemical raw materials, has low cost and no pollution; has good water retention performance; will not become hard-packed after long-term use; because all components are natural inorganic materials, it has a long service life, and there is no need to add the water retention agent to the sand again after one use, further reducing the use cost; in addition, the phosphate rock, microbial flora activator, and rice straw in it can continuously provide fertility for plants and promote plant growth. Specific embodiments

[0018] The technical solutions of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below in conjunction with specific embodiments.

[0019] Example 1:

[0020] A desert water-retaining agent comprises the following materials: yellow soil: 30%, shale powder: 20%, phosphate rock powder: 10%, hydrogel: 10%, bacterial flora activator: 10%, rice straw: 10%, seaweed extract: 5%, and graphene material: 5%.

[0021] The preparation method thereof is:

[0022] Prepare raw materials: prepare yellow soil, shale powder, phosphate rock powder, hydrogel, bacterial flora active agent, rice straw, seaweed extract and graphene material according to the required proportions;

[0023] Mixing: Put yellow soil, shale powder, phosphate rock powder, hydrogel, rice straw, seaweed extract and graphene material into a mixer and mix them thoroughly to ensure that all raw materials are evenly mixed together;

[0024] Grinding: Grind the mixed raw materials to make the particles more uniform and improve the stability and water absorption performance of the soil water retention material;

[0025] Soaking and Activation: Soak the ground raw materials in a proper amount of water to activate the hydrogel and seaweed extract and improve the water absorption capacity. You can add a proper amount of bacterial flora activator to promote the activity of probiotics.

[0026] Pressing or granulation: Pressing or granulation of the activated material after soaking. A special granulation machine or tablet press can be used to operate. By pressing or granulation, a certain shape and stability can be given to the soil water retention material.

[0027] Drying and curing: The pressed or granulated materials are properly dried and cured to remove excess water and make the soil water retention material more stable;

[0028] Fine processing and screening: Fine processing and screening of the dried and solidified materials to ensure that the particle size and uniformity meet the requirements.

[0029] Among the above, yellow soil is a type of soil, which is rich in loess components, has good permeability and water retention, and is suitable for the growth of crops.

[0030] Shale powder is a powdery substance obtained by grinding shale ore. It is often used for soil improvement and soil fertility supplementation, which can improve soil structure and provide nutrients required by plants.

[0031] Phosphate rock powder is a powdery substance containing phosphorus, which is usually used in soil fertilizer. Phosphorus is one of the key nutrients for plant growth. Phosphate rock powder can provide the phosphorus required by plants and promote their growth and development.

[0032] Hydrogel is a highly water-absorbent material that can absorb and retain a large amount of water. In agriculture, hydrogels can be used to provide soil water-holding capacity, reduce irrigation frequency, and improve soil conditions in arid regions.

[0033] Microbial flora activator is a dosage form that promotes the growth and activity of beneficial microorganisms in the soil. It can improve soil biological activity, increase soil fertility, and promote plant nutrient absorption.

[0034] Rice straw refers to the stem part remaining after rice harvesting. It can be used for the resource utilization of agricultural waste, such as being made into organic fertilizers, biomass fuels, etc., to reduce environmental pollution.

[0035] Seaweed extract is a natural plant extract obtained from seaweed. It is rich in organic matter, minerals, plant hormones, etc., and is widely used in agriculture. Seaweed extract can improve plant stress resistance, promote growth, and increase yield.

[0036] Graphene is a two-dimensional material composed of a single layer of graphite, with an ultra-high specific surface area: the specific surface area of single-layer graphene can reach 2630 square meters per gram. Through multiple studies by the applicant, it is found that graphene has a large surface area with relatively little mass, can adsorb and store a large amount of water. At the same time, the carbon atoms in multi-layer graphene are arranged to form interlayer gaps, which can effectively store water and form a layered adsorption of water molecules. The mechanism of this interlayer adsorption is similar to the water absorption of a sponge, making graphene have excellent water retention performance; due to the special chemical properties of the graphene surface, it has a strong adsorption force for water molecules, and there is a weak interaction force between water molecules and the graphene surface, which enables graphene to effectively adsorb and fix water molecules, preventing them from evaporating or leaking quickly; and graphene has a highly continuous lattice structure, in which the carbon atoms are closely arranged, so it can provide a continuous water conduction path. This helps to maintain the balance and distribution of water in the soil, reducing water loss and leakage.

[0037] In summary, the water retention mechanism of graphene mainly includes aspects such as high specific surface area, stacked interlayer gaps, water molecule adsorption force, and water conduction path. These characteristics make graphene a potential material for improving soil water retention capacity and reducing water waste. Graphene has potential applications in the agricultural field, such as preparing new fertilizers, improving soil texture, and enhancing photosynthesis efficiency.

[0038] The water-retaining agent of the present invention is used for desert environmental governance. It uses all natural inorganic materials and does not use any chemical raw materials, with low cost and no pollution; it has good water-retaining performance; it will not harden after long-term use; since all components are natural inorganic materials, it has a long service life, and there is no need to add the water-retaining agent to the sand again after one-time use, further reducing the use cost; in addition, the phosphate rock, microbial community activator, and rice straw in it can continuously provide fertility for plants and promote plant growth.

[0039] Example 2:

[0040] A desert water-retaining agent, comprising the following materials: yellow soil: 40%, shale powder: 25%, phosphate rock powder: 15%, hydrogel: 10%, microbial community activator: 5%, rice straw: 3%, seaweed extract: 1%, graphene material: 1%.

[0041] Its preparation method is the same as that of Example 1 and will not be elaborated here.

[0042] Example 3:

[0043] A desert water-retaining agent, comprising the following materials: yellow soil: 35%, shale powder: 20%, phosphate rock powder: 15%, hydrogel: 15%, microbial community activator: 5%, rice straw: 5%, seaweed extract: 3%, graphene material: 2%.

[0044] Its preparation method is the same as that of Example 1 and will not be elaborated here.

[0045] The water-retaining agent of the present invention uses all natural inorganic materials and does not use any chemical raw materials, with low cost and no pollution; it has good water-retaining performance; it will not harden after long-term use; since all components are natural inorganic materials, it has a long service life, and there is no need to add the water-retaining agent to the sand again after one-time use, further reducing the use cost (in the case of a sand layer thickness of 30 cm, the cost per mu is only about 1500 yuan); in addition, the phosphate rock in it can also provide fertility by continuously dissolving phosphorus elements.

[0046] During actual use, 0.1 - 0.5 times the mass of the water-retaining agent can be incorporated into the sand grains, and then an appropriate amount of water can be added and mixed evenly for growing crops. For example, when growing vegetables, the incorporation amount of the water-retaining agent can be 0.2 times; when growing wheat, the incorporation amount can be 0.3 times; when the incorporation amount reaches 0.5 times, it can also be used for growing rice. In order to reduce the evaporation and loss of water, a water-retaining film that can cover the surface of the water-retaining agent can be used during use to reduce water evaporation and soil water loss. This film can effectively protect the water in the soil and provide a continuous water-retaining effect.

[0047] The above are only the preferred specific embodiments of the present invention, but the protection scope of the present invention is not limited thereto. Any person skilled in the art within the technical scope disclosed by the present invention, according to the technical solution and inventive concept of the present invention, makes equivalent substitutions or changes, and should be covered by the protection scope of the present invention.

Claims

1. A desert water retention agent, characterized in that, The invention comprises the following materials: 30-40% yellow soil, 15-25% shale powder, 10-20% phosphate rock powder, 5-15% hydrogel, 5-10% bacterial flora active agent, 5-10% rice straw, 5-10% seaweed extract and 1-5% graphene material.

2. The desert water retaining agent according to claim 1, wherein, The moisture content of the above raw materials is within 10%.

3. The use of the desert water retention agent according to any one of claims 1 to 2 in desert transformation, characterized in that: The water retaining agent is mixed evenly in the sand at a rate of 0.1 to 0.5 times the mass of the sand, and then a proper amount of water is added to form a slurry, which can be used for crop planting.

4. A preparation method of a desert water retaining agent, characterized in that, Includes steps: S1: Prepare raw materials: prepare yellow soil, shale powder, phosphate rock powder, hydrogel, bacterial flora active agent, rice straw, seaweed extract and graphene material according to the required proportions; S2: Mixing: putting yellow soil, shale powder, phosphate rock powder, hydrogel, rice straw, seaweed extract and graphene material into a mixer and mixing them thoroughly to ensure that the various raw materials are evenly mixed together; S3: Grinding: Grinding the mixed raw materials to make the particles more uniform and improve the stability and water absorption performance of the soil water retention material; S4: Soaking and Activating: Soak the ground raw materials in a proper amount of water to activate the hydrogel and seaweed extract and improve the water absorption capacity. A proper amount of bacterial flora activator can be added to promote the activity of probiotics; S5: Pressing or granulating: Pressing or granulating the activated material after soaking, which can be operated by a special granulating machine or tablet press. By pressing or granulating, a certain shape and stability can be given to the soil water retention material; S6: Drying and curing: The pressed or granulated materials are subjected to appropriate drying and curing treatment to remove excess water and make the soil water retention material more stable; S7: Fine processing and screening: Fine processing and screening of the dried and solidified materials to ensure that the particle size and uniformity meet the requirements.