Radiation resistant fiber and method of making and use thereof

Abstract

The application provides an anti-radiation fiber and a preparation method and application thereof, and belongs to the field of chemical fibers. The preparation method of the anti-radiation fiber comprises the following steps: preparing a polymer spinning precursor solution; mixing a tungstate solution and an acidic bismuth salt solution to obtain a binary metal salt mixed solution; then, under an inert gas atmosphere, a dispersing agent and a reducing agent are sequentially added into the binary metal salt mixed solution for reaction; then, a borate solution is added, and stirring, centrifugal washing, drying and grinding are performed to obtain a ternary metal nano anti-radiation powder; the ternary metal nano anti-radiation powder is added into the polymer spinning precursor solution for mixing to obtain an anti-radiation mixed spinning solution; and centrifugal spinning is performed to obtain the anti-radiation fiber. The ternary metal nano anti-radiation powder with a specific structure, a specific composition and a nano size is prepared through a step-by-step chemical reduction method, and is blended with the polymer spinning precursor solution, and centrifugal spinning is performed to obtain the anti-radiation fiber which has excellent shielding performance, high tensile strength and good air permeability.

Description

TECHNICAL FIELD

[0001] The present application relates to the technical field of chemical fibers, in particular to an anti-radiation fiber and a preparation method and application thereof. BACKGROUND

[0002] With the continuous progress and development of science and technology, nuclear technology is widely used in the fields of industry, medicine, military and the like due to its advantages of being clean, efficient and precise. However, as a double-edged sword, nuclear technology, while promoting social development, also brings significant risks and challenges. Long-term accumulation of ionizing radiation dose seriously endangers human health and the ecological environment.

[0003] At present, radiation shielding materials are mainly relied on to reduce radiation hazards. Traditional radiation shielding materials are mainly lead materials. Although such anti-radiation materials have a certain shielding effect on gamma rays and X rays, they have insufficient protection capability for high-energy neutrons or high-energy particles, and have poor air permeability and comfort. In addition, lead materials are highly toxic, long-term contact with which can damage the nervous system of the human body and cause various diseases. Furthermore, lead materials pollute the environment. Obviously, lead-based anti-radiation materials cannot meet the requirement of protecting people's health. SUMMARY

[0004] In view of the technical problems in the background art, the present application provides an anti-radiation fiber and a preparation method and application thereof, aiming to solve the technical problem that lead-based anti-radiation materials cannot meet the requirement of protecting people's health.

[0005] In a first aspect, the present application provides a preparation method of an anti-radiation fiber, comprising the following steps:

[0006] S1, preparing a high polymer spinning precursor solution with a preset concentration;

[0007] S2, mixing a tungstate solution and an acidic bismuth salt solution to obtain a binary metal salt mixed solution; then, under an inert gas atmosphere, a dispersing agent and a reducing agent are sequentially added to the binary metal salt mixed solution for reaction for a preset time; then, a borate solution is slowly added, and stirring, centrifugal washing, drying and grinding are performed to obtain a ternary metal nano anti-radiation powder;

[0008] S3, adding the ternary metal nano anti-radiation powder to the high polymer spinning precursor solution for mixing to obtain an anti-radiation mixed spinning solution; and centrifugal spinning to obtain an anti-radiation fiber.

[0009] In the technical scheme of the embodiment of the present application, firstly, a polymer spinning precursor solution with a preset concentration is prepared, then a ternary metal nano anti-radiation powder with a specific structure, a specific composition and a specific nanometer size is prepared through a step-by-step chemical reduction method, and finally the self-prepared nanometer anti-radiation powder is blended with the polymer spinning precursor solution to prepare an anti-radiation fiber with excellent structure, excellent shielding performance, stable and strong tensile strength and air permeability through centrifugal spinning.

[0010] In some embodiments, in step S2, the mass ratio of the tungstate in the tungstate solution, the bismuth salt in the bismuth salt solution and the borate in the borate solution is (1-5):1:(0.31-0.35).

[0011] In this embodiment, by reasonably controlling the proportion of different metal salt solutions, a suitable number of bismuth nanoparticles, tungsten nanoparticles and boron nanoparticles are obtained after chemical reduction, and the composition and structure of the ternary metal nano anti-radiation powder are precisely controlled, thereby obtaining a ternary metal nano anti-radiation powder with a specific composition and a specific structure.

[0012] In some embodiments, the mass concentration of the dispersant is 0.5%-2%, the addition amount of the dispersant solution is 1%-3% of the mass sum of the binary metal salt mixed solution and the borate solution, the dropping speed of the dispersant is 1-5g / min; the mass concentration of the reducing agent is 60%-80%, the addition amount of the reducing agent solution is 20%-40% of the mass sum of the binary metal salt mixed solution and the borate solution, and the dropping speed of the reducing agent is 1-5g / min.

[0013] In this embodiment, by reasonably setting the mass concentration, addition amount and dropping speed of the dispersant and the reducing agent, the size of the binary metal nano anti-radiation powder is controlled, and the binary metal nano anti-radiation powder with nanometer size is formed. The dispersant can prevent the agglomeration of the binary metal nano anti-radiation powder generated by the reduction reaction and provide conditions for the attachment of boron nanoparticles.

[0014] In some embodiments, in step S3, the mass ratio of the ternary metal nano anti-radiation powder to the polymer in the polymer spinning precursor solution is (1-10):1.

[0015] In this embodiment, by reasonably regulating the mass ratio of the ternary metal nano anti-radiation powder to the polymer, the concentration of the anti-radiation mixed spinning solution is ensured while the agglomeration of the ternary metal nano anti-radiation powder is avoided, thereby forming a composite spinning solution with nanometer dispersion stability, which provides a homogenization material basis for subsequent fiber forming.

[0016] In some embodiments, step S1 is specifically: stirring and blending the high polymer and the solvent at a mass ratio of 1:(4-9) to prepare the high polymer spinning precursor solution; the high polymer is one of polyacrylonitrile, polyvinyl alcohol and polyvinyl butyral; and the solvent is one of deionized water, ethanol and dimethylformamide.

[0017] In this embodiment, the high polymer and the solvent are first uniformly mixed at a specific mass ratio to form a spinning precursor solution with suitable flowability, suitable concentration and suitable viscosity, which provides favorable conditions for subsequent centrifugal spinning, thereby obtaining an excellent structure of the anti-radiation fiber.

[0018] In some embodiments, the tungstate solution is one or more of a sodium tungstate solution, a zinc tungstate solution and an ammonium tungstate solution, the mass concentration of the tungstate solution is 20%-40%; the bismuth salt solution is a bismuth nitrate solution, the mass concentration of the bismuth salt solution is 20%-40%; the borate solution is one or more of a sodium borate solution, an ammonium borate solution and a sodium borohydride solution with high abundance of boron-10, the mass concentration of the borate solution is 10%-30%, and the abundance of boron-10 isotope in the borate solution is ≥90%.

[0019] In this embodiment, by reasonably selecting the types of tungstate, bismuth salt and borate, selecting metal salts with good solubility and easy to be reduced, and reasonably controlling the concentration of the metal salts, the metal salts are more uniformly dispersed, and the obtained ternary metal nano anti-radiation powder is more uniformly dispersed.

[0020] In some embodiments, the reducing agent is one or more of hydrazine hydrate and ascorbic acid; and the dispersing agent is one or more of polyvinylpyrrolidone and cetyltrimethylammonium bromide.

[0021] In this embodiment, by reasonably selecting the types of reducing agent and dispersing agent, it is ensured that the reducing agent and the dispersing agent can be dissolved in the solution, thereby providing uniform dispersion conditions and reduction reaction conditions for the subsequent generated ternary metal nano anti-radiation powder.

[0022] In some embodiments, in step S3, the collection mode of the centrifugal spinning is a planar collection mode, the receiving distance is 1-5 cm, the rotation speed of the centrifugal spinning is 3000-6000 rpm, the pore diameter of the spinneret is 0.4-0.8 mm, the environmental temperature is 20-30°C, and the humidity is 20%-40%.

[0023] In this embodiment, the centrifugal spinning is performed by using a planar collection type centrifugal spinning device, and by reasonably controlling the rotation speed of the centrifugal spinning device, the pore diameter of the spinneret and the collection distance and other parameters, the jet from the rotating nozzle is stretched and solidified, thereby obtaining an anti-radiation fiber with a compact structure and an orderly arrangement.

[0024] In a second aspect, the application provides an anti-radiation fiber prepared by the method of the first aspect of the application. The anti-radiation fiber has a shielding rate of up to 82.17% for X-rays under a condition of 100 keV, a shielding rate of up to 60.29% for gamma rays under a condition of 660 keV, and a shielding rate of up to 80.98% for neutrons under a condition of 0.5 eV. The fiber has a tensile strength of up to 18.39 MPa, and the fabric has a permeability of up to 516.51 mm / s.

[0025] In the technical solution of the embodiments of the application, the anti-radiation fiber is prepared by a specific method. The obtained anti-radiation fiber has excellent structure, is harmless to human body, has excellent and long-lasting anti-radiation performance, excellent mechanical properties, good air permeability, moderate softness, and is environmentally friendly.

[0026] In a third aspect, the application provides an application of the anti-radiation fiber in functional textiles. The anti-radiation fiber is woven into a functional textile, and the functional textile is used as a wearable smart radiation monitoring fabric or an integrated flexible sensor array.

[0027] In the technical solution of the embodiments of the application, the anti-radiation fiber is applied to anti-radiation textiles, especially high-end field textiles such as medical protective clothing and special work clothes with shielding properties, so that functional textiles with high shielding, high moisture absorption and air permeability, and comfort are obtained.

[0028] The above description is only a summary of the technical solutions of the application. In order to more clearly understand the technical means of the application, the application can be implemented according to the content of the specification, and in order to make the above and other purposes, characteristics and advantages of the application more obvious and easy to understand, the following specific embodiments of the application are described. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF DRAWINGS

[0029] In order to more clearly illustrate the technical solutions of the application, the drawings used in the application will be briefly introduced below. Obviously, the drawings described below are only some embodiments of the application, and other drawings can be obtained by those skilled in the art without creating any creative labor.

[0030] Figure 1 The scanning electron microscope image of the ternary metal nano anti-radiation powder obtained in Example 1 of the application is shown, with a scale of 10 μm.

[0031] Figure 2 The scanning electron microscope image of a single ternary metal nano anti-radiation powder obtained in Example 1 of the application is shown, with a scale of 1 μm.

[0032] Figure 3This is a scanning electron microscope image of the radiation-resistant fiber prepared in Example 1 of the present application. Figure 3 The scale bar in (a) is 10 μm. Figure 3 The scale bar in (b) is 100 μm.

[0033] Figure 4 This is a physical picture of the radiation-resistant fiber prepared in Example 1 of the present application;

[0034] Figure 5 This is a photo of the non-woven fabric obtained by processing the radiation-resistant fiber prepared in Example 1 of the present application;

[0035] Figure 6 For the general Figure 5 The non-woven fabric in the figure is folded. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0036] The following embodiments of the technical solution of the present application will be described in detail with reference to the accompanying drawings. The following embodiments are only used to more clearly illustrate the technical solution of the present application and are therefore only examples and are not intended to limit the scope of protection of the present application.

[0037] Unless otherwise defined, all technical and scientific terms used herein have the same meaning as commonly understood by those skilled in the art to which this application belongs; the terms used herein are only for the purpose of describing specific embodiments and are not intended to limit this application; the terms "including" and "having" and any variations thereof in the specification and claims of this application and the above-mentioned figure descriptions are intended to cover non-exclusive inclusions.

[0038] References herein to "embodiments" mean that a particular feature, structure, or characteristic described in connection with the embodiments may be included in at least one embodiment of the present application. The appearance of this phrase in various places in the specification does not necessarily refer to the same embodiment, nor does it constitute an independent or alternative embodiment that is mutually exclusive of other embodiments. It is understood, both explicitly and implicitly, by those skilled in the art that the embodiments described herein may be combined with other embodiments.

[0039] With the continuous advancement and development of science and technology, nuclear technology has been widely used. However, the long-term cumulative dose of ionizing radiation poses a serious threat to human health and the ecological environment. Traditional lead-based shielding materials offer limited protection against high-energy neutrons and particles, and suffer from poor breathability and comfort. Furthermore, lead is highly toxic, and long-term exposure can damage the human nervous system and cause various diseases. Furthermore, lead pollutes the environment. Clearly, lead-based radiation-resistant materials no longer meet the requirements for protecting human health.

[0040] In order to solve the technical problem that lead-based anti-radiation materials cannot meet the requirement of protecting people's health, the application provides an anti-radiation fiber and a preparation method and application thereof, wherein a high polymer spinning precursor solution with a preset concentration is prepared first, then a ternary metal nano anti-radiation powder with a specific structure, specific composition and specific nanometer size is prepared by a step-by-step chemical reduction method, and finally the self-prepared nano anti-radiation powder is blended with the high polymer spinning precursor solution to prepare the anti-radiation fiber with excellent structure, outstanding shielding performance, stable and strong tensile strength and air permeability by centrifugal spinning.

[0041] In a first aspect, the embodiments of the application provide a preparation method of an anti-radiation fiber, including the following steps:

[0042] S1, preparing a high polymer spinning precursor solution with a preset concentration;

[0043] S2, mixing a tungstate solution and an acidic bismuth salt solution to obtain a binary metal salt mixed solution; then adding a dispersing agent and a reducing agent into the binary metal salt mixed solution in sequence under an inert gas atmosphere and reacting for a preset time; then slowly dropping a borate solution, stirring, centrifugal washing, drying, grinding to obtain a ternary metal nano anti-radiation powder; specifically, the boron in the borate solution is high-abundance boron-10.

[0044] S3, adding the ternary metal nano anti-radiation powder into the high polymer spinning precursor solution to mix and obtain an anti-radiation mixed spinning solution; centrifugal spinning to obtain the anti-radiation fiber.

[0045] In the technical scheme of the embodiment of the present application, firstly, a polymer spinning precursor solution with a preset concentration is prepared to ensure its flowability and viscosity suitable for subsequent centrifugal spinning. Then, a ternary metal nano anti-radiation powder with specific structure, specific composition and specific nanometer size is prepared by a step-by-step chemical reduction method. Specifically, according to the relationship between the atomic structure and the atomic size of bismuth, tungsten and boron, the tungstate solution and the acidic bismuth salt solution are mixed in a specific order, and the dispersant and the reducing agent are added dropwise in sequence. In this process, the reducing agent reduces tungstate ions and bismuth ions into tungsten nanoparticles and bismuth nanoparticles, and the active groups on the surface of the nanoparticles make the smaller tungsten nanoparticles uniformly adhere to the bismuth nanoparticles to form a binary metal nano anti-radiation powder. The presence of the dispersant prevents the agglomeration of the binary metal nano anti-radiation powder and makes it uniformly dispersed in the solution, providing favorable conditions for the uniform attachment of boron nanoparticles. In addition, the dispersant and the reducing agent are added dropwise, which makes the dispersant more uniformly dispersed in the solution. The reducing agent provides a reducing atmosphere for the reaction while making the reaction proceed at a certain speed, avoiding the obtained binary metal nano anti-radiation powder particles being too large or too small, so as to form a binary metal nano anti-radiation powder with nanometer size and uniform particles. On this basis, the borate solution is then slowly added dropwise. Borate is further reduced to boron nanoparticles, and the smaller boron nanoparticles are uniformly attached between the tungsten nanoparticles on the surface of the binary metal nano anti-radiation powder. After centrifugal washing, drying and grinding, a ternary metal nano anti-radiation powder with specific structure, specific composition and specific nanometer size is finally formed. Finally, the ternary metal nano anti-radiation powder is mixed with the polymer spinning precursor solution to make it uniformly dispersed in the polymer spinning precursor solution. The ternary metal nano anti-radiation powder is attached to the inside of the fiber through centrifugal spinning, and a high-performance anti-radiation fiber is obtained.

[0046] Further, in this embodiment, tungsten (W) can be comparable to lead-based materials in terms of γ-ray and X-ray shielding effectiveness, and is essentially non-toxic; the attenuation coefficient of bismuth to the radiation source is larger than that of lead, and has the great advantage of being green and non-toxic, which is in line with the development trend of green and environmental protection; boron-10 (B) has the core advantage of ultra-high neutron absorption cross section (3840 barn) and the characteristic of low density, which provides key support for the lightweight design of anti-radiation materials to a certain extent. The present application realizes the uniform attachment of boron nanoparticles and bismuth nanoparticles on the surface of tungsten nanoparticles at the molecular level by a step-by-step chemical reduction method, and realizes the multiple shielding of γ-rays, X-rays, fast neutrons and thermal neutrons through the mutual cooperation of the three kinds of nanoparticles, and is essentially non-toxic, which builds an environmentally friendly protection system to replace traditional lead-based materials and exhibits comprehensive performance in the field of radiation protection that traditional materials cannot achieve, providing an innovative solution to break through the bottleneck of traditional materials.

[0047] Further, in some embodiments, in step S2, the mass ratio of the tungstate in the tungstate solution, the bismuth salt in the bismuth salt solution and the borate in the borate solution is (1-5):1:(0.31-0.35); specifically, the mixing of the tungstate solution and the acidic bismuth salt solution is ultrasonic treatment at 20-30°C for 30-60 min, the power of the ultrasonic is 1500-2000W, preferably, ultrasonic treatment at 22-26°C for 45-60 min, the power of the ultrasonic is 1800-2000W; the acidic bismuth salt solution is that dilute nitric acid is added to the bismuth salt solution to make it weakly acidic, and the bismuth salt provides acidic conditions for the reduction reaction. The inert gas atmosphere refers to an N2 atmosphere with a volume ratio of 99.999%; the dispersant and the reducing agent are sequentially added to the binary metal salt mixed solution to react at 60-90°C with mechanical stirring for 1-5h, the speed of the mechanical stirring is 300-800rpm. The stirring after adding the borate solution is mechanical stirring at 60-90°C for 1-5h, the speed of the mechanical stirring is 300-800rpm, preferably, mechanical stirring at 70-85°C for 2-5h, the speed of the mechanical stirring is 500-700rpm; the centrifugal washing is specifically: centrifugal washing with deionized water for 1.5-2h, the speed of the centrifugal washing is 9000-13000rpm; the drying is specifically: vacuum drying at 50-100°C for 6-8h, the temperature is preferably 70-100°C; the grinding adopts a planetary ball mill, the temperature is preferably 80-100°C, the ball-to-material ratio is 5:1, the ball diameter is 1-2mm, and the time is preferably 1-2h.

[0048] In the technical scheme of the embodiments of the present application, by controlling the mass ratio of the tungstate in the tungstate solution, the bismuth salt in the bismuth salt solution and the borate in the borate solution within a suitable range, and reasonably controlling the parameters of ultrasonic and mechanical stirring such as ultrasonic power, temperature, time and stirring speed, a suitable number of bismuth nanoparticles, tungsten nanoparticles and boron nanoparticles are obtained after chemical reduction, by controlling the number of generated nanoparticles, the composition and structure of the binary metal nanoparticle anti-radiation powder and the ternary metal nanoparticle anti-radiation powder are precisely controlled, the ternary metal nanoparticle anti-radiation powder with specific composition and specific structure is obtained, and then high-performance anti-radiation fibers are obtained.

[0049] Further, in some embodiments, the mass concentration of the dispersant is 0.5%-2%, preferably 1%-1.5%; the addition amount of the dispersant solution is 1%-3%, preferably 1%-2%, of the sum of the mass of the binary metal salt mixed solution and the borate solution; the dropping speed of the dispersant is 1-5 g / min; and / or, the mass concentration of the reducing agent is 60%-80%, preferably 65%-75%, the addition amount of the reducing agent solution is 20%-40%, preferably 25%-35%, of the sum of the mass of the binary metal salt mixed solution and the borate solution; the dropping speed of the reducing agent is 1-5 g / min. The dropping speed of the borate is 1-5 g / min.

[0050] In the technical solution of the embodiments of the present application, first, by reasonably setting the mass concentration, addition amount and dropping speed of the dispersant, the dispersant is uniformly dispersed in the mixed solution formed by the tungstate and the bismuth salt, preventing the agglomeration of the binary metal nano anti-radiation powder generated by the reduction reaction, so that it is uniformly dispersed in the mixed solution formed by the tungstate and the bismuth salt, providing favorable conditions for the subsequent efficient attachment of boron nanoparticles. Then, by reasonably setting the mass concentration, addition amount and dropping speed of the reducing agent, sufficient reducing agent is provided for the chemical reaction while controlling the chemical reduction reaction to proceed at an appropriate speed, so that the tungsten nanoparticles are uniformly attached to the surface of the bismuth nanoparticles, and the size of the binary metal nano anti-radiation powder is controlled, forming a nano-sized binary metal nano anti-radiation powder, and providing conditions for the attachment of boron nanoparticles. Finally, by reasonably controlling the dropping speed of the borate solution, the borate is reduced to boron nanoparticles at an appropriate speed and uniformly attached to the gaps between different tungsten nanoparticles on the surface of the bismuth nanoparticles.

[0051] Further, in some embodiments, in step S3, the mass ratio of the ternary metal nano anti-radiation powder to the high polymer in the high polymer spinning precursor solution is (1-10):1. Specifically, the mixing of the ternary metal nano anti-radiation powder into the high polymer spinning precursor solution is mechanical stirring at 20-30°C for 2-5h, preferably mechanical stirring at 25-30°C for 3-5h; the speed of mechanical stirring is 200-600rpm, preferably 300-500rpm.

[0052] In the technical solution of the embodiments of the present application, by reasonably adjusting the mass ratio of the ternary metal nano anti-radiation powder to the high polymer, and reasonably controlling the speed, temperature and time parameters of mechanical stirring, the ternary metal nano anti-radiation powder is uniformly dispersed in the high polymer spinning precursor solution, avoiding the agglomeration of the ternary metal nano anti-radiation powder while ensuring the concentration of the anti-radiation mixed spinning solution, thereby forming a composite spinning solution with nano-level dispersion stability, providing a homogenized material basis for subsequent fiber forming.

[0053] Further, in some embodiments, step S1 is specifically: the polymer and the solvent are stirred and blended at a mass ratio of 1:(4-9) to prepare a polymer spinning precursor solution; the stirring speed of the stirring and blending is 100-500 rpm, preferably 200-400 rpm, the temperature is 25-100°C, preferably 25-90°C, and the time is 3-30 h, preferably 6-24 h. And / or, the molecular weight of the polymer is 20000-70000 g / mol, the polymer is one of polyacrylonitrile (PAN), polyvinyl alcohol (PVA), and polyvinyl butyral (PVB), preferably polyvinyl butyral; the solvent is one of deionized water, ethanol, and dimethylformamide (DMF), preferably ethanol.

[0054] In the technical scheme of the embodiments of the present application, the polymer and the solvent are first uniformly mixed at a specific mass ratio to form a spinning precursor solution with suitable flowability, suitable concentration, and suitable viscosity through mechanical stirring. On the premise of ensuring the concentration, the solution has good viscosity and surface tension, avoiding the disadvantages of too low viscosity leading to easy breaking of the solution into droplets and too high viscosity making it difficult to form a continuous jet, providing favorable conditions for subsequent centrifugal spinning, and thus obtaining an excellent structure of the anti-radiation fiber.

[0055] Further, in some embodiments, the tungstate solution is one or more of sodium tungstate solution (Na2WO4·2H2O), zinc tungstate solution (5ZnO·12WO3), and ammonium tungstate solution [(NH4)6W7O 24 ·6H2O], preferably sodium tungstate solution; the mass concentration of the tungstate solution is 20%-40%, preferably 25%-30%; the bismuth salt solution is bismuth nitrate solution [Bi(NO3)3·5H2O], the mass concentration of the bismuth salt solution is 20%-40%, preferably 25%-30%; the borate solution is one or more of sodium borate solution (Na2B4O7) of high abundance boron-10, ammonium borate solution (NH4HB4O7·3H2O), and sodium borohydride solution (NaBH4), preferably sodium borate, and the mass concentration of the borate solution is 10%-30%, preferably 15%-25%; the abundance of boron-10 isotope in the borate solution is ≥90%.

[0056] In the technical scheme of the embodiments of the present application, by reasonably selecting the types of tungstate, bismuth salt, and borate, selecting metal salts with good solubility and easy to be reduced, and reasonably controlling the concentration of the metal salts, the metal salts are more uniformly dispersed, and thus the obtained ternary metal nano anti-radiation powder is more uniformly dispersed. By reasonably controlling the abundance of boron-10 isotope in the borate solution, the shielding effect on neutrons is further improved.

[0057] Further, in some embodiments, the reducing agent is one or more of hydrazine hydrate (N2H4·H2O), ascorbic acid (C6H8O6); the dispersing agent is one or more of polyvinylpyrrolidone (PVP), cetyltrimethylammonium bromide (CTAB), and preferably polyvinylpyrrolidone.

[0058] In the technical solution of the embodiments of the present application, by reasonably selecting the types of the reducing agent and the dispersing agent, it is ensured that the reducing agent and the dispersing agent can be dissolved in the solution, thereby providing uniform dispersion conditions and reduction reaction conditions for the ternary metal nano anti-radiation powder generated subsequently.

[0059] Further, in some embodiments, in step S3, the collection mode of the centrifugal spinning is a planar collection type, and the receiving distance is 1-5 cm; the rotation speed of the centrifugal spinning is 3000-6000 rpm, the pore size of the spinneret is 0.4-0.8 mm, the environmental temperature is 20-30°C, and the humidity is 20%-40%. Specifically, the centrifugal spinning is performed in a centrifugal spinning device, which includes a high-speed motor, a spinning cup, a rotating nozzle, and a planar collection device; the high-speed motor is connected with the spinning cup and is used to drive the spinning cup to rotate at a high speed; the rotating nozzle is arranged at the bottom of the side wall of the spinning cup and is used to spin out the spinning solution at a high speed; and the planar collection device is arranged below the spinning cup and is used to collect the spun fibers. Specifically, the rotation speed of the high-speed motor, i.e., the rotation speed of the centrifugal spinning, is preferably 3000-4000 rpm, the pore size of the spinneret is preferably 0.4-0.6 mm, the receiving distance is preferably 2-3 cm, the environmental temperature is preferably 25-30°C, and the humidity is preferably 25-40%.

[0060] In the technical solution of the embodiments of the present application, the planar collection type centrifugal spinning device with a unique structure is used to perform the centrifugal spinning, the anti-radiation mixed spinning solution is spun out from the rotating nozzle under the driving of the centrifugal force and forms a jet, and by reasonably controlling the rotation speed of the centrifugal spinning device, the pore size of the spinneret, and the collection distance and other parameters, the jet spun out from the rotating nozzle is stretched and solidified, thereby obtaining the anti-radiation fibers with a compact structure and an orderly arrangement. The device innovatively realizes the controllable deposition of the micro-nano fibers on a two-dimensional plane, and provides reliable technical support for preparing a large-area uniform anti-radiation fiber membrane.

[0061] Further, in this embodiment, the centrifugal spinning technology refers to a method of forming fibers by centrifugal force generated during high-speed rotation, which does not require a high-voltage electric field, can process various materials such as polymers, ceramics, and composite materials, and has a production rate two orders of magnitude higher than that of electrospinning, and thus is very suitable for mass production applications. In addition, by adjusting key parameters such as rotation speed, nozzle aperture, and collection distance, the diameter and morphological characteristics of the fibers can be precisely controlled, and the centrifugal spinning technology has the advantages of high efficiency, wide compatibility, and high controllability. At the same time, the centrifugal spinning technology is a novel, efficient, and low-cost fiber manufacturing method, which has a significant competitive advantage in large-scale fiber preparation and multifunctional fiber development.

[0062] In a second aspect, the application provides an anti-radiation fiber prepared by the method of the first aspect of the application. The anti-radiation fiber has a shielding rate of X-rays of up to 82.17% under the condition of 100 keV, a shielding rate of gamma rays of up to 60.29% under the condition of 660 keV, and a shielding rate of neutrons of up to 80.98% under the condition of 0.5 eV. The fiber has a tensile strength of up to 18.39 MPa, and the fabric has a air permeability of up to 516.51 mm / s.

[0063] In the technical solution of the embodiments of the application, the anti-radiation fiber is prepared by a specific method. The anti-radiation fiber has excellent structure, is harmless to the human body, has excellent and long-lasting anti-radiation performance, excellent mechanical properties, good air permeability, moderate softness, and is environmentally friendly.

[0064] In a third aspect, the application provides an application of the anti-radiation fiber in functional textiles. The anti-radiation fiber is woven into a functional textile, and the functional textile is used as a wearable smart radiation monitoring fabric or an integrated flexible sensor array.

[0065] In the technical solution of the embodiments of the application, the anti-radiation fiber is applied to anti-radiation textiles, especially high-end field textiles with shielding properties such as medical protective clothing and special work clothes, to obtain functional textiles with high shielding properties, high moisture absorption and air permeability, and comfort.

[0066] Some specific examples are listed below. It should be noted that the examples described below are exemplary and are used to explain the application, and cannot be understood as a limitation of the application. If the specific technology or condition is not specified in the examples, the technology or condition described in the literature in the art or according to the product manual is used. If the reagent or instrument is not specified by the manufacturer, it is a conventional product that can be obtained by purchase.

[0067] Example 1

[0068] A preparation method of an anti-radiation fiber, comprising the following steps:

[0069] S1, 20 g of polyvinyl butyral with a molecular weight of 60000 g / mol is sequentially added into a beaker with 100 g of ethanol at a mass ratio of 1:5, stirred and blended, the stirring speed is 250 rpm, the temperature is 25°C, and the time is 12 h, to prepare a polyvinyl butyral solution with a mass fraction of 16.67%.

[0070] S2, 75 g of a sodium tungstate solution with a mass concentration of 30% and 25 g of an acidic bismuth nitrate solution with a mass concentration of 30% are ultrasonically mixed at a mass ratio of sodium tungstate to bismuth nitrate of 3:1, the ultrasonic stirring power is 2000 W, the time is 60 min, and the temperature is 25°C, to obtain a binary metal salt mixed solution. The acidic bismuth nitrate solution is prepared by adding dilute nitric acid into a bismuth salt solution to make the pH value 2-3.

[0071] Then, 2.5 g of polyvinylpyrrolidone with a mass concentration of 1.5% and 33.72 g of hydrazine hydrate with a mass concentration of 75% are sequentially added into the binary metal salt mixed solution at a speed of 3 g / min and 3 g / min respectively under the protection of 99.999% N2, that is, the addition amount of the polyvinylpyrrolidone solution is 2.2% of the mass sum of the binary metal salt mixed solution and the borate solution, and the addition amount of the hydrazine hydrate solution is 30% of the mass sum of the binary metal salt mixed solution and the borate solution, and the reaction is carried out by mechanical stirring at 85°C for 3 h, and the mechanical stirring speed is 600 rpm.

[0072] Then, 12.375 g of sodium borate solution with a mass concentration of 20% is slowly added into the stirred solution at a speed of 3 g / min (that is, the mass ratio of tungstate, bismuth salt and borate is 3:1:0.33), and after stirring, centrifugal washing and drying, a ternary metal nano anti-radiation powder is obtained; the reaction is carried out by mechanical stirring at 85°C for 3 h, the mechanical stirring speed is 600 rpm, then the solution is centrifugally washed with deionized water for 2 h at a speed of 10000 rpm, vacuum dried for 8 h at a temperature of 85°C, and finally ground by a planetary ball mill, preferably at a temperature of 100°C, a ball-to-material ratio of 5:1, a ball diameter of 1-2 mm, and a time of 2 h, to obtain a ternary metal nano anti-radiation powder. Figure 1 As shown in Figure 2 , the obtained ternary metal nano anti-radiation powder is uniformly dispersed spherical nanoparticles, and as shown in

[0073] S3, 200 g of the ternary metal nano anti-radiation powder prepared in step S2 is weighed and added into the polymer spinning precursor solution prepared in step S1, that is, the mass ratio of the ternary metal nano anti-radiation powder to the polymer in the polymer spinning precursor solution is 10:1, and after mechanical stirring for 3 h, an anti-radiation mixed spinning solution is obtained, the stirring speed is 500 rpm, and the stirring temperature is 25°C.

[0074] The uniformly stirred anti-radiation mixed spinning solution is injected into a spinning cup of a planar collection type centrifugal spinning device, a spinning cup with 4 spinning nozzles is selected, the centrifugal spinning speed is 3500 rpm, the aperture of the spinning nozzle is 0.4 mm, the receiving distance is 3 cm, the spinning environment temperature is adjusted to 30°C, and the humidity is 25%, and then centrifugal spinning is performed, and the anti-radiation fibers as shown in Figure 3 (a) and Figure 3 (b) are collected by a collection belt. Figure 3 (a) and Figure 3 (b) are obtained, the obtained anti-radiation fibers are uniform in thickness and smooth in surface, which indicates that the molecular chain orientation of the fibers is good and the fibers have good mechanical properties.

[0075] As shown in Figure 4 , the obtained anti-radiation fibers are white, uniformly dispersed, and fluffy continuous filaments, which indicates that the spinning stability of the anti-radiation fibers is good, and the obtained anti-radiation fibers have certain strength.

[0076] Example 2-3 and Comparative Example 1-2

[0077] A preparation method of an anti-radiation fiber, which is different from example 1 in that the mass ratio of polyvinyl butyral to ethanol in step S1 is different, and other aspects are substantially the same as those of example 1, which will not be repeated here.

[0078] The anti-radiation fibers prepared in examples 1-3 and comparative examples 1-2 are tested for performance, and the results are shown in Table 1.

[0079] As shown in Figure 5 , the prepared anti-radiation fibers are processed to prepare a non-woven fabric of 2 kg / m 2 . Figure 6 The anti-radiation fibers are cut into samples with a length of 20 cm and a width of 20 cm, and the shielding rate is calculated according to the methods disclosed in Q / 719J 131-2018-“Ionizing Radiation Protection Material Shielding Performance Detection Method” and GB 5172-1985-“Particle Accelerator Radiation Protection Regulations”. The X-ray incident energy is 100 Kev, the gamma ray incident energy is 660 Kev, and the neutron incident energy is 0.5 eV.

[0080] The breaking strength of the fiber was tested according to the method disclosed in GB / T 14344-2022 "Chemical fibers - Filament tensile property test method", and the test was repeated for ≥50 times.

[0081] The obtained anti-radiation fiber was added to prepare a sample of 10 cm x 10 cm, the sample thickness was 5 mm, the air permeability was tested according to the method disclosed in GB / T 5453-1997 "Textiles - Determination of air permeability of fabrics", and the air permeability was calculated.

[0082] Wherein * indicates that the fiber cannot be prepared by centrifugal spinning.

[0083] The conditions for detecting all subsequent examples and comparative examples were the same, and the square meter gram weight of the non-woven fabric used was the same.

[0084] Table 1 Properties of anti-radiation fibers of examples 1-3 and comparative examples 1-2

[0085]

[0086] As can be seen from Table 1, when the mass ratio of the polymer and the solvent in step S1 changes within a certain range, the anti-radiation performance of the obtained anti-radiation fiber fluctuates within a certain range; the tensile strength of the fiber and the air permeability of the fabric change greatly. This is because when the content of the ternary metal nano anti-radiation powder in the polymer solution remains unchanged, the protective performance is basically stable, but the concentration of the polymer changes will affect the spinning effect. When the concentration is high, the fibers will be tightly packed, the pores between the fibers will be reduced, resulting in a decrease in air permeability. Further increasing the concentration, the solution will not be able to be spun out of the spinning hole, forming "droplet accumulation" instead of jet flow, and the spinning process will fail. When the concentration is low, the molecular chain entanglement in the fiber is weak, the fiber structure formed is loose, and the crystallinity is low, resulting in a decrease in tensile strength. Further reducing the concentration, the solution cannot form a stable jet flow, but is spun out in the form of droplets, and cannot be completely formed into fibers.

[0087] Examples 4-5 and comparative examples 3-4

[0088] A method for preparing an anti-radiation fiber, compared with example 1, the difference lies in that the mass ratio of sodium tungstate to bismuth nitrate in step S2 is different, the mass concentration of sodium tungstate solution and acidic bismuth nitrate solution remains unchanged, the addition amount of dispersant and reducing agent changes in the same proportion, and the others are basically the same as example 1, which will not be repeated here.

[0089] The anti-radiation fibers prepared in examples 4-5 and comparative examples 3-4 were tested for performance, and the results are shown in Table 2.

[0090] Table 2 Properties of anti-radiation fibers of examples 4-5 and comparative examples 3-4

[0091]

[0092] As can be seen from Table 2, when the mass ratio of sodium tungstate to bismuth nitrate changes in a certain range, the tensile strength of the obtained anti-radiation fiber and the air permeability of the fabric fluctuate in a certain range, and the anti-radiation performance of the fabric changes more obviously. This is because, with the change of the mass ratio of sodium tungstate to bismuth nitrate, the microstructure of the obtained ternary metal nano anti-radiation powder and the content of different elements change, and the X-ray protection of the ternary metal nano anti-radiation powder is dominated by bismuth element (high Z, photoelectric effect), the gamma ray protection is dominated by tungsten element (high density, Compton scattering / electron pair effect), and the neutron protection is mainly boron element, thereby affecting the anti-radiation performance of the fiber. When the mass ratio of sodium tungstate to bismuth nitrate is too low or too high, the microstructure of the obtained ternary metal nano anti-radiation powder is poor, thereby making the anti-radiation performance of the fiber poor.

[0093] Examples 6-7 and Comparative Examples 5-6

[0094] A method for preparing an anti-radiation fiber, which is different from Example 1 in that the addition amount of sodium borate in step S2 is different, that is, the mass ratio of bismuth salt to borate is different, the mass concentration of sodium borate remains unchanged, the addition amount of dispersant and reducing agent changes proportionally, and other aspects are substantially the same as those of Example 1, which will not be repeated here.

[0095] The anti-radiation fibers prepared in Examples 6-7 and Comparative Examples 5-6 were tested for performance, and the results are shown in Table 3.

[0096] Table 3 Performance of anti-radiation fibers of Examples 6-7 and Comparative Examples 5-6

[0097]

[0098] As can be seen from Table 3, with the increase of the addition amount of sodium borate, the shielding efficiency of the fabric to X-rays gradually decreases, and the neutron protection performance of the fiber increases, because the neutron protection is dominated by boron-10 element, and the greater the addition amount of this element, the better the neutron protection performance; the protection performance of X-rays and gamma rays, the tensile strength and the air permeability are overall good.

[0099] Examples 8-9 and Comparative Examples 7-8

[0100] A method for preparing an anti-radiation fiber, which is different from Example 1 in that the addition amount of reducing agent in step S2 is different, and other aspects are substantially the same as those of Example 1, which will not be repeated here.

[0101] The anti-radiation fibers prepared in Examples 8-9 and Comparative Examples 7-8 were tested for performance, and the results are shown in Table 4.

[0102] Table 4 Performance of anti-radiation fibers of Examples 8-9 and Comparative Examples 7-8

[0103]

[0104] As shown in Table 4, when the addition amount of the reducing agent is 20%-40%, the tensile strength of the fiber, the radiation resistance of the fabric and the air permeability are good as a whole, and when the addition amount of the reducing agent is 30%, the comprehensive protection effect of the fiber is the best. When the addition amount of the reducing agent is less than 20%, the amount of the reducing agent is small, which affects the reduction reaction, the purity and the microstructure of the ternary metal nano anti-radiation powder are affected, and thus the radiation resistance of the powder is reduced. When the addition amount of the reducing agent is greater than 40%, excessive reduction will cause distortion of the microstructure of the powder, and thus the radiation resistance is negatively affected.

[0105] Examples 10-11 and Comparative Examples 9-10

[0106] A method for preparing an anti-radiation fiber, which is different from Example 1 in that the mass ratio of the ternary metal nano anti-radiation powder to the polymer in the polymer spinning precursor solution in step S3 is different, and other aspects are substantially the same as those of Example 1, which will not be repeated here.

[0107] The anti-radiation fibers prepared in Examples 10-11 and Comparative Examples 9-10 are tested for performance, and the results are shown in Table 5.

[0108] Table 5 Performance of the anti-radiation fibers of Examples 10-11 and Comparative Examples 9-10

[0109]

[0110] As shown in Table 5, as the mass ratio of the ternary metal nano anti-radiation powder to the polymer in the polymer spinning precursor solution increases, the comprehensive protection performance of the fiber becomes more excellent. This is because as the filling amount of the ternary metal nano anti-radiation powder increases, the protection components contained in the fiber increase, and the protection performance of the fiber is good. Meanwhile, the ternary metal nano anti-radiation powder is embedded in the polymer matrix as a rigid filler, and appropriate addition enhances the matrix through "stress transfer effect", so that the tensile strength of the fiber is high, and the air permeability is good as a whole because the air permeation path changes from "isolated pores" to "inter-particle channels". However, when the ratio of the ternary metal nano anti-radiation powder to the polymer spinning precursor solution exceeds a certain range, i.e., the filling amount of the powder is too large, the viscosity of the mixed solution increases, which leads to a decrease in the flowability of the solution during centrifugal spinning. High viscosity makes it difficult for the solution to form a stable fiber under the action of centrifugal force, and the powder is difficult to disperse in the polymer spinning precursor solution, which leads to agglomeration and formation of defects, and thus the fiber breaks, the thickness is uneven, and even the fiber cannot be formed.

[0111] Examples 12-13

[0112] A preparation method of the anti-radiation fiber, wherein the difference from Example 1 is that the type of the polymer used in step S1 is different, the polymer used in Example 12 is PVA, and the corresponding solvent is deionized water; the polymer used in Example 13 is PAN, and the corresponding solvent is DMF; the others are substantially the same as those in Example 1, and are not described herein again.

[0113] The anti-radiation fibers prepared in Examples 12-13 are subjected to performance tests, and the results are shown in Table 6.

[0114] Table 6 Performance of the anti-radiation fibers in Examples 12-13

[0115]

[0116] As shown in Table 6, the anti-radiation fibers with excellent anti-radiation performance can be obtained by filling the ternary metal nano anti-radiation powder into the PVB, PVA and PAN polymer matrices respectively, which indicates that the anti-radiation powder has universality and good compatibility with various polymers.

[0117] Comparative Example 11

[0118] A preparation method of the anti-radiation fiber, wherein the difference from Example 1 is that in step S2, the sodium tungstate solution and the sodium borate solution are mixed first, and then the dispersant and the reducing agent are added dropwise, and then the acidic bismuth nitrate solution is added, the concentrations and the amounts of the different solutions remain unchanged, and the others are substantially the same as those in Example 1, and are not described herein again.

[0119] Comparative Example 12

[0120] A preparation method of the anti-radiation fiber, wherein the difference from Example 1 is that in step S2, the acidic bismuth nitrate solution and the sodium borate solution are mixed first, and then the dispersant and the reducing agent are added dropwise, and then the sodium tungstate solution is added, the concentrations and the amounts of the different solutions remain unchanged, and the others are substantially the same as those in Example 1, and are not described herein again.

[0121] Comparative Example 13

[0122] A preparation method of the anti-radiation fiber, wherein the difference from Example 1 is that in step S2, the sodium tungstate solution, the acidic bismuth nitrate solution and the sodium borate solution are mixed first, and then the dispersant and the reducing agent are added dropwise, the concentrations and the amounts of the different solutions remain unchanged, and the others are substantially the same as those in Example 1, and are not described herein again.

[0123] Comparative Example 14

[0124] A preparation method of the anti-radiation fiber, wherein the difference from Example 1 is that in step S2, the reducing agent is directly poured into the mixed solution of sodium tungstate and acidic bismuth nitrate instead of being added dropwise, the concentrations and amounts of different solutions remain unchanged, and other conditions are substantially the same as those in Example 1, which are not repeated here.

[0125] Comparative Example 15

[0126] A preparation method of the anti-radiation fiber, wherein the difference from Example 1 is that tungsten nanoparticles, bismuth nanoparticles and boron nanoparticles are respectively prepared by a chemical reduction method, and the tungsten nanoparticles, bismuth nanoparticles and boron nanoparticles are mixed and then added to the polymer spinning precursor solution, the concentrations and amounts of different solutions remain unchanged, and other conditions are substantially the same as those in Example 1, which are not repeated here.

[0127] Comparative Example 16

[0128] A preparation method of the anti-radiation fiber, wherein the difference from Example 1 is that in step S3, centrifugal spinning is not used, and electrostatic spinning is used instead, and other conditions are substantially the same as those in Example 1, which are not repeated here.

[0129] The anti-radiation fibers prepared in Comparative Examples 11-16 are subjected to performance tests, and the results are shown in Table 7.

[0130] Table 7 Performance of the anti-radiation fibers of Comparative Examples 11-16

[0131]

[0132] As can be seen from the data of Comparative Example 11-Comparative Example 13 in Table 7, when the adding order of the sodium tungstate solution, the acidic bismuth nitrate solution and the sodium borate solution is changed, the anti-radiation performance of the obtained anti-radiation fiber is significantly reduced, which indicates that the specific adding order of different solutions is used to obtain a ternary metal nano anti-radiation powder with a specific structure, thereby improving the anti-radiation performance of the fiber.

[0133] As can be seen from the data of Comparative Example 14, when the reducing agent is directly poured into the mixed solution of sodium tungstate and acidic bismuth nitrate instead of being added dropwise, the anti-radiation performance of the obtained anti-radiation fiber is significantly reduced, which is mainly because the reduction reaction is disordered at this time, affecting the microstructure of the obtained ternary metal nano anti-radiation powder, and further affecting the performance of the fiber.

[0134] It can be seen from the data of Comparative Example 15 that when the tungsten nanoparticles, bismuth nanoparticles and boron nanoparticles are mixed and then added into the polymer spinning precursor solution, the performance of the obtained radiation resistant fiber is greatly affected. It can be seen from the data of Comparative Examples 11-15 that when the three kinds of particles are simultaneously assembled, the structure and performance of the obtained ternary metal nano radiation resistant powder are more optimal; and directly pouring the reducing agent and one-step reduction of the three elements will both cause the local concentration to be too high, the reaction rate to increase explosively, a large number of crystal nuclei to be formed and to grow rapidly, and agglomerates to be easily produced, and at the same time, the structure of the obtained ternary metal nano radiation resistant powder changes, and the radiation protection performance is weakened.

[0135] It can be seen from the data of Comparative Example 16 that when the centrifugal spinning is changed to electrospinning, although the electrospinning can also prepare the radiation resistant fiber, the fiber diameter is very thin, the tensile strength and air permeability are both not as good as the centrifugal spinning, the electrospinning efficiency is low, and it is not suitable for large-scale preparation of the fiber, and at the same time, the radiation resistant performance is also affected.

[0136] It should be noted that the present application is not limited to the above-mentioned embodiments. The above-mentioned embodiments are only examples, and embodiments having the same technical idea and playing the same role and effect within the scope of the technical solutions of the present application are all included in the technical scope of the present application. In addition, within the scope of the main idea of the present application, various modifications of the embodiments that can be thought of by those skilled in the art, and other ways constructed by combining part of the constituent elements of the embodiments are also included in the scope of the present application.

Claims

1. A method for preparing radiation-resistant fiber, characterized in that: The following steps are involved: S1, preparing a polymer spinning precursor solution of a preset concentration; S2. Mixing a tungstate solution and an acidic bismuth salt solution to obtain a binary metal salt mixed solution; then, under an inert gas atmosphere, sequentially adding a dispersant and a reducing agent dropwise to the binary metal salt mixed solution for a predetermined reaction time; then, slowly adding a borate solution dropwise, stirring, centrifugally washing, drying, and grinding to obtain a ternary metal nano-anti-radiation powder; The mass ratio of the tungstate in the tungstate solution, the bismuth salt in the bismuth salt solution, and the borate in the borate solution is (1-5):1:(0.2-0.4); S3, adding the ternary metal nano-anti-radiation powder into the polymer spinning precursor solution and mixing to obtain an anti-radiation mixed spinning solution; and centrifugally spinning to obtain radiation-resistant fibers.

2. The method for preparing the radiation-resistant fiber according to claim 1, characterized in that: The mass concentration of the dispersant is 0.5%-2%, the amount of the dispersant solution added is 1%-3% of the sum of the mass of the binary metal salt mixed solution and the borate solution, and the dropping speed of the dispersant is 1-5g / min; the mass concentration of the reducing agent is 60%-80%, the amount of the reducing agent solution added is 20%-40% of the sum of the mass of the binary metal salt mixed solution and the borate solution, and the dropping speed of the reducing agent is 1-5g / min.

3. The method for preparing the radiation-resistant fiber according to claim 1, characterized in that: In step S3, the mass ratio of the ternary metal nano-anti-radiation powder to the polymer in the polymer spinning precursor solution is (5-10):

1.

4. The method for preparing radiation-resistant fiber according to claim 1, characterized in that: Step S1 specifically comprises: stirring and blending a polymer and a solvent at a mass ratio of 1:(4-9) to prepare the polymer spinning precursor solution; the polymer is one of polyacrylonitrile, polyvinyl alcohol, and polyvinyl butyral; and the solvent is one of deionized water, ethanol, and dimethylformamide.

5. The method for preparing radiation-resistant fiber according to claim 1, characterized in that: The tungstate solution is one or more of a sodium tungstate solution, a zinc tungstate solution, and an ammonium tungstate solution, and the mass concentration of the tungstate solution is 20%-40%; the bismuth salt solution is a bismuth nitrate solution, and the mass concentration of the bismuth salt solution is 20%-40%; the borate solution is one or more of a sodium borate solution and an ammonium borate solution containing high-abundance boron-10, and the mass concentration of the borate solution is 10%-30%, and the abundance of the boron-10 isotope in the borate solution is ≥90%.

6. The method for preparing radiation-resistant fiber according to claim 2, characterized in that: The reducing agent is one or more of hydrazine hydrate and ascorbic acid; the dispersing agent is one or more of polyvinyl pyrrolidone and hexadecyltrimethylammonium bromide.

7. The method for preparing radiation-resistant fiber according to claim 1, characterized in that: In step S3, the collection method of the centrifugal spinning is a flat collection method with a receiving distance of 1-5 cm; the rotation speed of the centrifugal spinning is 3000-6000 rpm, the aperture of the spinneret is 0.4-0.8 mm, the ambient temperature is 20-30°C, and the humidity is 20%-40%.

8. A radiation-resistant fiber prepared by the method for preparing a radiation-resistant fiber according to any one of claims 1 to 7, characterized in that: The radiation-resistant fiber has a shielding rate of 82.17% for X-rays at 100 keV, a shielding rate of 60.29% for gamma rays at 660 keV, and a shielding rate of 80.98% for neutrons at 0.5 eV. The fiber tensile strength is 18.39 MPa, and the air permeability of the fabric is 516.51 mm / s.

9. An application of the radiation-resistant fiber prepared by the preparation method of the radiation-resistant fiber according to any one of claims 1 to 7 or the radiation-resistant fiber according to claim 8 in functional textiles, wherein the radiation-resistant fiber is woven into a functional textile, and the functional textile is used as a wearable intelligent radiation monitoring fabric or an integrated flexible sensor array.

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