Bacterium, algae and grass ternary mixed ecological blanket and preparation method thereof

Abstract

The invention belongs to the field of ecology, and particularly relates to a preparation method of a bacterium, algae and grass ternary mixed ecological blanket, the bacterium, algae and grass ternary mixed ecological blanket comprises an upper layer, a middle layer and a bottom layer, the upper layer is a protective fiber tissue layer, the middle layer is a mixture of strains, algae seeds, grass seeds, a matrix and a binder, the bottom layer is a shaping supporting layer, and the shaping supporting layer is made of a plastic material. The upper layer, the middle layer and the bottom layer are bonded or sewn together. The biological method for treating stony desertification, desertification, mine crashes, inferior lands and engineering bare lands by applying an ecological blanket formed by combining a ternary mixture of bacteria, algae and grass and an organic soil matrix in modes of full coverage or determinant laying and the like is suitable for quickly treating the bare lands for a long time; and a pioneer ecological foundation is established for long-acting treatment of stony desertification, desertification, mine crashes, inferior lands, bare engineering lands and the like.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present invention belongs to the field of ecology, and particularly relates to a ternary mixed ecological blanket of bacteria, algae and grass and a preparation method thereof. Background Art

[0002] With the expansion of desertification and the emergence of a large number of bare lands formed by projects such as transportation, mining and construction, governments and experts in various disciplines around the world are seeking better measures to control rocky desertification, desertification, mine openings, barren lands and engineering bare lands.

[0003] A large number of engineering, chemical, biological and comprehensive measures have been adopted, but the engineering methods have problems such as timeliness, secondary environmental pollution caused by chemical reagents and difficulties in land reuse.

[0004] Biological comprehensive management is originally the most long-term way to control desertification and improve the environment. However, due to water shortage and lack of organic soil, the ecological system declines. In particular, it is more difficult to implement biological management in rocky desertification, mine openings and engineering bare lands due to water shortage and lack of organic soil. Water and the bearing capacity of organic soil are the keys to the existence of vegetation types under different ecological conditions. The algal crust needs relatively less water and can achieve full coverage, which can reduce soil erosion to zero. Whether it is rocky desertification, desertification, mine openings or engineering bare lands, their physical and chemical properties are harsh for the survival of organisms. Spraying or spreading bacteria and algae directly on the ground is difficult to grow and it is difficult to achieve biological crust formation, which further leads to difficulties in the ecological system.

[0005] If the microbial strains, desert algae and grass seeds are combined with their growth substrates to form an artificial growth system of bacteria, algae and grass, allowing bacteria, algae and grass to grow in the suitable substrates to form a growth microenvironment, and by artificially regulating the growth substrates of bacteria, algae and grass, the survival, propagation and application abilities of bacteria, algae and grass are enhanced, and the efficiency of bacteria, algae and grass in controlling the ecological environment is improved. Summary of the Invention

[0006] The purpose of the present invention is to overcome the deficiencies in the existing technologies for controlling the ecological environment, and to apply a biological method for controlling rocky desertification, desertification, mine openings, barren lands and engineering bare lands by means of full coverage or determinant laying of an ecological blanket formed by combining a ternary mixture of bacteria, algae and grass with an organic soil substrate, which is suitable for quickly and long-term controlling bare lands.

[0007] To solve the above technical problems, the technical solution adopted by the present invention is: a ternary mixed ecological blanket of bacteria, algae and grass and a preparation method thereof. The ternary mixed ecological blanket of bacteria, algae and grass includes an upper layer, a middle layer and a bottom layer. The upper layer is a protective fiber tissue layer, the middle layer is a mixture of bacterial strains, algal strains, grass seeds, substrates and binders, and the bottom layer is a shaping and supporting layer. The upper layer, the middle layer and the bottom layer are bonded or sewn together.

[0008] Further, the bacterial strain is a compound microbial inoculum, and the compound microbial inoculum is compounded according to the bacterial content, wherein the effective viable count of Bacillus mucilaginosus ≥ 2.0×10 8 cfu / g, the effective viable count of Bacillus amyloliquefaciens ≥ 2.0×10 8 cfu / g, and the effective viable count of Bacillus natto ≥ 2.0×10 8 cfu / g. Among them, the preservation information of the used Bacillus mucilaginosus strain is: the preservation classification name :Bacillus mucilaginosus Bacillus mucilaginosus, the preservation number :CGMCC No. 12230 , the preservation date :March 21, 2016 , the preservation unit :General Microbiology Center, China Microbial Culture Collection Center Biological Center , the address of the preservation unit :No. 3, Yard 1, Beichen West Road, Chaoyang District, Beijing .

[0009] Further, the algal strain is indigenous desert algae.

[0010] Further, the grass strain is an indigenous compound grass strain.

[0011] Further, the substrate includes organic fertilizer and organic soil substrate.

[0012] Further, the binder is a degradable organic binder, such as: modified starch, dextrin, etc.

[0013] Further, the thickness of the upper protective fiber fabric layer is 2 - 2.5 mm.

[0014] Further, the thickness of the intermediate layer is 4.5 - 5.5 mm.

[0015] Further, the thickness of the shaping and supporting bottom layer is 2.7 - 3.2 mm.

[0016] The preparation method of the bacteria-algae-grass ternary mixed ecological blanket includes the following steps: S1 Prepare the compound microbial inoculum (1) The preparation process of the compound microbial inoculum is as follows: A. Biological fermentation: Ferment the Bacillus mucilaginosus, the Bacillus amyloliquefaciens, and the Bacillus natto respectively to obtain a large number of microbial cells; B. Fluidized bed drying: Dry the fermented products at 70°C respectively to obtain a microbial inoculum product with a water content ≤ 5%; C. Crushing: Crush the dried biological fermentation products respectively; D. Mixing and blending: The bio-fermentation products of the Bacillus mucilaginosus, Bacillus amyloliquefaciens, and Bacillus natto after being crushed are mixed and compounded according to the proportion of the bacterial content, and auxiliary materials are added.

[0017] (2) The method for bio-fermenting the Bacillus mucilaginosus adopts the following steps: A. Shake flask culture: The Bacillus mucilaginosus strain is inoculated from the preserved slant into the shake flask culture medium, and the temperature is 36°C ± 1°C, the rotation speed is 120 r / min, and continuous stirring is carried out for 14 - 16 h; B. Seed culture: The shake flask culture is inoculated into the seed tank at an inoculation amount of 1.0%, the temperature is 37°C ± 1°C, the rotation speed is 180 r / min, and continuous stirring is carried out for 12 - 16 h; C. Bio-fermentation: The seed liquid is inoculated into the fermentation tank for fermentation, the temperature is 37°C ± 1°C, the dissolved oxygen > 8%, the initial pH value is pH 7.0 - 7.5, and the rotation speed is 200 r / min, and continuous stirring is carried out for 40 - 48 h.

[0018] Furthermore, the media of the shake flask and the seed tank are the same, and the formula is carbon source 15.0 - 20.0 g / L, nitrogen source 2.0 - 5.0 g / L, (NH4)2SO4 0.6 - 1.2 g / L, MgSO4 0.2 - 0.4 g / L, KH2PO4 0.2 - 0.4 g / L, K2HPO4 0.8 - 1.0 g / L, CaSO4 0.1 - 0.2 g / L, CaCO3 0.1 - 0.5 g / L, and FeCl3 0.05 - 0.1 g / L, and the pH is 7.0 - 7.5; the formula of the fermentation tank culture medium is carbon source 20.0 - 25.0 g / L, nitrogen source 3.0 - 6.0 g / L, (NH4)2SO4 0.8 - 1.2 g / L, MgSO4 0.2 - 0.4 g / L, KH2PO4 0.3 - 0.5 g / L, K2HPO4 0.8 - 1.0 g / L, CaSO4 0.1 - 0.2 g / L, CaCO3 0.1 - 0.5 g / L, and FeCl3 0.05 - 0.1 g / L, and the pH of the medium is 7.0 - 7.5. Among them, the carbon source is selected from one or more combinations of starch, glucose, or sucrose, and the nitrogen source is selected from one or more combinations of soybean powder, peptone, or yeast powder.

[0019] (3) The method for bio-fermenting the Bacillus amyloliquefaciens adopts the following steps: A. Shake flask culture: The Bacillus amyloliquefaciens strain is inoculated from the preserved slant into the shake flask culture medium, the temperature is 37°C ± 1°C, the rotation speed is 120 r / min, and continuous stirring is carried out for 12 - 14 h. The formula of the shake flask culture medium is peptone 25 g, glucose 15 g, water 1000 mL, and pH 7.5 - 7.8; B. Seed culture: Inoculate the shake flask culture into the seed tank at an inoculation amount of 1.0%, keep the temperature at 37°C ± 1°C, stir continuously at a rotation speed of 180 r / min for 10 - 12 h. The formula of the seed tank medium is 10 - 15 g of peptone, 10 - 15 g of beef extract, 1000 mL of water, and pH 7.5 - 7.8; C. Biological fermentation: Inoculate the seed liquid into the fermentation tank for fermentation. Keep the temperature at 37°C ± 1°C, dissolved oxygen > 8%, initial pH value at pH 5.0 - 5.5, stir continuously at a rotation speed of 200 r / min for 48 h. The formula of the biological fermentation medium is 2 g / L of brown sugar, 10 g / L of starch, 1 g / L of soybean powder, 0.3 g / L of yeast extract, 2 g / L of (NH4)2SO4, 2 g / L of KH2PO4, 0.5 g / L of MgSO4, 0.2 g / L of CaCO3, 0.01 g / L of FeCl3, and pH 7.0.

[0020] (4) The method for biological fermentation of Bacillus natto adopts the following steps: A. Shake flask culture: Inoculate the Bacillus natto strain from the preserved slant into the shake flask medium, keep the temperature at 37°C ± 1°C, stir continuously at a rotation speed of 120 r / min for 12 - 14 h. The formula of the shake flask medium is 25 g of peptone, 15 g of glucose, 1000 mL of water, and pH 7.5 - 7.8; B. Seed culture: Inoculate the shake flask culture into the seed tank at an inoculation amount of 1.0%, keep the temperature at 37°C ± 1°C, stir continuously at a rotation speed of 180 r / min for 10 - 12 h. The formula of the seed tank medium is 10 - 15 g of peptone, 10 - 15 g of beef extract, 1000 mL of water, and pH 7.5 - 7.8; C. Biological fermentation: Inoculate the seed liquid into the fermentation tank for fermentation. Keep the temperature at 37°C ± 1°C, dissolved oxygen > 8%, initial pH value at pH 6.5 - 7.0, stir continuously at a rotation speed of 200 r / min for 48 h. The formula of the fermentation tank medium is 2 g / L of brown sugar, 10 g / L of starch, 1 g / L of soybean powder, 0.3 g / L of yeast extract, 2 g / L of (NH4)2SO4, 2 g / L of KH2PO4, 0.5 g / L of MgSO4, 0.2 g / L of CaCO3, 0.01 g / L of FeCl3, and pH 7.0.

[0021] S2 Preparation of the desert alga (1) Obtaining of algal species: Grind the indigenous soil crust with desert algae, soak it in sterile water and culture it. Pick out the cultured algal species with an anatomical needle, sterilize it on a sterile glass slide, and inoculate it into an agar culture dish, and culture it aseptically for 5 - 10 days to obtain the isolated and purified algal species; (2) Preparation of the culture solution: A. Preparation of trace element solution A5: Add 2.86 mg / L of H3BO3, 1.81 mg / L of MnCl2·H2O, 0.222 mg / L of ZnSO2·7H2O, 0.079 mg / L of CuSO4·5H2O, and 0.252 mg / L of Na2MoO4·2H2O into an appropriate amount of water and make up the volume to obtain trace element solution A5; B. Add 0.8 - 2.5 g / L of NaNO3, 0.02 - 0.05 g / L of K2HPO2, 0.06 - 0.09 g / L of MgSO4·7H2O, 0.02 - 0.05 g / L of CaCl2·2H2O, 0.004 - 0.008 g / L of citric acid, 0.004 - 0.008 g / L of ammonium ferric citrate, 0.001 - 0.003 g / L of EDTA-Na2, 0.01 - 0.04 g / L of Na2CO3, and 0.5 - 2 ml of trace element solution A5 into an appropriate amount of water, stir and make up the volume to obtain the culture medium; (3) Preparation of desert algae A. Algae species cultivation: Inoculate the algae species obtained in step S2(1) into a culture flask containing the above-mentioned culture medium for cultivation, perform aseptic treatment, cultivate at a temperature of 22 - 35 °C, a light intensity of 3500 - 4000 Lx, an aeration rate of 3 L / min, and aseptically cultivate for 5 - 10 days to obtain algae species; B. Inoculate the algae species obtained in step S2(3)-A into a culture flask containing the above-mentioned culture medium for cultivation. The inoculation ratio is 0.2 - 0.5 grams (wet weight) of the algae species per liter of the above-mentioned culture medium. Cultivate at a temperature of 22 - 35 °C, a light intensity of 3500 - 4000 Lx, an aeration rate of 3 L / min, and cultivate for 5 - 10 days to obtain algae species; C. Scale-up cultivation: Inoculate the algae species obtained in step S2(3)-B into a light cultivation tank, expand according to the volume ratio of the culture medium in the culture flask to that in the light cultivation tank of 1:20 - 25, and other cultivation conditions are the same as those in the culture flask. Cultivate for 10 - 20 days to obtain desert algae; (4) Preparation of algal sludge: Pour the desert algae obtained in step S2(3) into a filter sieve, filter to obtain algal slurry, and then dehydrate the algal slurry by centrifugation with a centrifuge to make algal sludge.

[0022] S3 Preparation of the grass seeds (1) Collect native grass seeds, and the native grass seeds include various types of native grass seeds such as early-maturing types and perennial types; (2) Cleaning: Pour the native grass seeds into a gauze bag respectively, and rinse with clean water to remove surface impurities and dust; (3) Drying: Air-dry the cleaned native grass seeds at room temperature or dry them in a low-temperature oven to ensure that the native grass seeds are dry; (4) Mixing: Mix the native grass seeds.

[0023] S4 Prepare the substrate (1) Mix 2.0 - 3.0 parts by mass of modified cellulose, 1.0 - 2.0 parts by mass of the binder (such as modified starch, dextrin, etc.), 10.0 - 15.0 parts by mass of plant fiber (such as sisal, palm, coconut fiber, abutilon, etc.), 5.0 - 8.0 parts by mass of attapulgite clay powder, 2.0 - 3.0 parts by mass of the organic fertilizer, 50 - 60.0 parts by mass of the organic soil substrate, and 18.0 - 20.0 parts by mass of water evenly to obtain a mixture, and make it into a colloidal material, thus obtaining the substrate.

[0024] S5 Prepare the intermediate layer mixture (1) Mix 0.1 - 0.2 parts by mass of the composite microbial inoculant obtained in step S1, 20.0 - 30.0 parts by mass of the algal mud obtained in step S2, 1.0 - 3.0 parts by mass of the composite native grass seeds obtained in step S3, 60.0 - 75.0 parts by mass of the substrate obtained in step S4, and 0.5 - 2.0 parts by mass of the binder to obtain the mixture of the intermediate layer.

[0025] S6 Prepare the bacteria, algae, and grass ternary mixed ecological blanket (1) Lay the plant fiber fabric flat to make it the bottom bonding belt with a thickness of 2 - 2.5 mm; (2) Lay the plant fiber mesh flat on the bottom bonding belt to form a shaping support mesh. The two sides of the bottom bonding belt are respectively 2 cm wide with the two sides of the shaping support mesh, obtaining a shaping support bottom layer, which plays the role of shaping, supporting, and bonding; (3) Spread and press the intermediate layer mixture obtained in step S5 onto the shaping support mesh to form the intermediate layer and bond it with the shaping support bottom layer; (4) Cover the upper side of the intermediate layer with a plant fiber fabric to make it the upper protection fabric layer, and make the intermediate layer bond with the upper protection fabric layer; (5) Roll and bond or stitch the upper protection fiber fabric layer, the intermediate layer, and the shaping support bottom layer together to form a whole, and after air-drying, obtain the bacteria, algae, and grass ternary mixed ecological blanket.

[0026] Its main advantages are as follows: (1) Using the fiber mesh as the shaping support mesh, a variety of materials such as the inoculant, desert algae, and modified plant cellulose water-retaining material are processed once through a production line. Laying the bacteria, algae, and grass ternary mixed ecological blanket on the ground can form microbial crusts and turf, cover the ground surface, prevent quicksand, conserve water and soil, store surface water, realize the solidification of the flowing ground surface, control the bare land in the harsh environment, and reduce the erosion of water and wind; (2) The ternary mixed ecological blanket of bacteria, algae and grass can be applied to the treatment of rocky desertification, desertification, mobile sand dunes, slopes, cliffs, mine dumps, engineering bare lands, etc. It has a simple structure, convenient operation and rapid setting, and can lay the ternary mixed ecological blanket of bacteria, algae and grass in a large area in a short time to form a continuous fixed ground surface, playing a good role in wind prevention and sand fixation, soil and water conservation and disaster reduction; (3) The ternary mixed ecological blanket of bacteria, algae and grass establishes a pioneer ecological foundation for the long-term treatment of rocky desertification, desertification, mine dumps, poor lands and engineering bare lands. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0027] Figure 1 It is the preparation steps of the ternary mixed ecological blanket of bacteria, algae and grass of the present invention.

[0028] Figure 2 It is the structural sectional view of the present invention.

[0029] Wherein: 1, upper layer; 2, middle layer; 3, bottom layer. SPECIFIC EMBODIMENTS

[0030] In order to make the purpose and advantages of the present invention clearer, the present invention will be further described below in conjunction with embodiments. It should be understood that the specific embodiments described herein are only used to explain the present invention and are not used to limit the present invention.

[0031] Next, refer to the attached Figure 1 and the attached Figure 2 to describe the preferred embodiments of the present invention. The attached Figure 1 is a simplified schematic diagram, which only illustrates the basic process of the present invention in a schematic way, so it only shows the process related to the present invention. Those skilled in the art should understand that these embodiments are only used to explain the technical principle of the present invention and do not limit the protection scope of the present invention. EXAMPLE

[0032] Raw material preparation: Compound microbial inoculant 0.2%; Indigenous desert algae 26.0%; Indigenous compound grass seeds 2.8%; Substrate 69% (cellulose 3.0%, modified starch 2.0%, coconut fiber 13.0%, attapulgite ore powder 6.0%, organic fertilizer 2.0%, organic soil substrate 56%, water 18%, etc.).

[0033] Preparation process The preparation method of the ternary mixed ecological blanket of bacteria, algae and grass includes the following steps: S1 Prepare the compound microbial inoculant (1) The preparation process of the compound microbial inoculant is as follows: A. Biological fermentation: The Bacillus mucilaginosus, the Bacillus amyloliquefaciens and the Bacillus natto are respectively subjected to biological fermentation to obtain a large number of microbial cells. B. Fluidized bed drying: The fermented products are respectively dried at 70 °C to obtain microbial inoculum products with a water content ≤ 5%. C. Crushing: The biologically fermented products after drying are respectively crushed. D. Blending: The biologically fermented products after crushing of the Bacillus mucilaginosus, the Bacillus amyloliquefaciens and the Bacillus natto are mixed and compounded according to the proportion of the bacterial content, and auxiliary materials are added.

[0034] (2) The method for biological fermentation of the Bacillus mucilaginosus adopts the following steps: A. Shake flask culture: The Bacillus mucilaginosus strain is inoculated from the preserved slant into a shake flask medium at a temperature of 36 °C and a rotation speed of 120 r / min, and continuously stirred for 15 h. B. Seed culture: The shake flask culture is inoculated into a seed tank at an inoculation amount of 1.0% at a temperature of 37 °C and a rotation speed of 180 r / min, and continuously stirred for 14 h. C. Biological fermentation: The seed liquid is inoculated into a fermentation tank for fermentation at a temperature of 37 °C, a dissolved oxygen > 8%, an initial pH value of pH 7.3, and a rotation speed of 200 r / min, and continuously stirred for 48 h.

[0035] Furthermore, the media of the shake flask and the seed tank are the same, and the formula is carbon source 15.0 g / L, nitrogen source 3.0 g / L, (NH4)2SO4 0.8 g / L, MgSO4 0.4 g / L, KH2PO4 0.2 g / L, K2HPO4 0.8 g / L, CaSO4 0.1 g / L, CaCO3 0.1 g / L and FeCl3 0.05 g / L, and the pH is 7.2; the formula of the fermentation tank medium is carbon source 22.0 g / L, nitrogen source 5.0 g / L, (NH4)2SO4 1.0 g / L, MgSO4 0.3 g / L, KH2PO4 0.3 g / L, K2HPO4 0.8 g / L, CaSO4 0.1 g / L, CaCO3 0.1 g / L and FeCl3 0.05 g / L, and the pH of the medium is 7.2, wherein the carbon source is starch and the nitrogen source is soybean powder.

[0036] (3) The method for biological fermentation of the Bacillus amyloliquefaciens adopts the following steps: A. Shake flask culture: The Bacillus amyloliquefaciens strain is inoculated from the preserved slant into a shake flask medium at a temperature of 37 °C and a rotation speed of 120 r / min, and continuously stirred for 13 h. The formula of the shake flask medium is peptone 25 g, glucose 15 g, water 1000 mL, and pH 7.5. B. Seed culture: Inoculate the shake flask culture into the seed tank at an inoculation amount of 1.0%, keep the temperature at 37°C, stir continuously at a rotation speed of 180 r / min for 12 h. The formula of the seed tank culture medium is 12 g of peptone, 12 g of beef extract, 1000 mL of water, and pH 7.5; C. Biological fermentation: Inoculate the seed liquid into the fermentation tank for fermentation. Keep the temperature at 37°C, dissolved oxygen > 8%, initial pH value at pH 5.3, stir continuously at a rotation speed of 200 r / min for 48 h. The formula of the biological fermentation culture medium is 2 g / L of brown sugar, 10 g / L of starch, 1 g / L of soybean powder, 0.3 g / L of yeast extract, 2 g / L of (NH4)2SO4, 2 g / L of KH2PO4, 0.5 g / L of MgSO4, 0.2 g / L of CaCO3, 0.01 g / L of FeCl3, and pH 7.0.

[0037] (4) The method for biological fermentation of Bacillus natto adopts the following steps: A. Shake flask culture: Inoculate the Bacillus natto strain from the preserved slant into the shake flask culture medium. Keep the temperature at 37°C, stir continuously at a rotation speed of 120 r / min for 13 h. The formula of the shake flask culture medium is 25 g of peptone, 15 g of glucose, 1000 mL of water, and pH 7.5; B. Seed culture: Inoculate the shake flask culture into the seed tank at an inoculation amount of 1.0%, keep the temperature at 37°C, stir continuously at a rotation speed of 180 r / min for 12 h. The formula of the seed tank culture medium is 10 - 15 g of peptone, 10 - 15 g of beef extract, 1000 mL of water, and pH 7.5 - 7.8; C. Biological fermentation: Inoculate the seed liquid into the fermentation tank for fermentation. Keep the temperature at 37°C, dissolved oxygen > 8%, initial pH value at pH 7.0, stir continuously at a rotation speed of 200 r / min for 48 h. The formula of the fermentation tank culture medium is 2 g / L of brown sugar, 10 g / L of starch, 1 g / L of soybean powder, 0.3 g / L of yeast extract, 2 g / L of (NH4)2SO4, 2 g / L of KH2PO4, 0.5 g / L of MgSO4, 0.2 g / L of CaCO3, 0.01 g / L of FeCl3, and pH 7.0.

[0038] S2 Prepare the desert algae (1) Algae species acquisition: Grind the indigenous soil crust with desert algae, soak it in sterile water and culture it. Pick out the cultured algae species with a dissecting needle, sterilize it on a sterile glass slide, and inoculate it into an agar culture dish, and culture it aseptically for 5 - 10 days to obtain the isolated and purified algae species; (2) Prepare the culture solution: A. Prepare trace element solution A5: Add 2.86 mg / L of H3BO3, 1.81 mg / L of MnCl2·H2O, 0.222 mg / L of ZnSO4·7H2O, 0.079 mg / L of CuSO4·5H2O, and 0.252 mg / L of Na2MoO4·2H2O into an appropriate amount of water and make up to a fixed volume to obtain trace element solution A5; B. Add 1.5 g / L of NaNO3, 0.045 g / L of K2HPO4, 0.075 g / L of MgSO4·7H2O, 0.036 g / L of CaCl2·2H2O, 0.006 g / L of citric acid, 0.006 g / L of ammonium ferric citrate, 0.001 g / L of EDTA-Na2, 0.02 g / L of Na2CO3, and 1 ml of trace element solution A5 into an appropriate amount of water, stir and make up to a fixed volume to obtain the culture medium; (3) Prepare desert algae A. Algae species culture: Inoculate the algae species obtained in step S2(1) into a culture flask containing the above-mentioned culture medium, perform aseptic treatment, culture at a temperature of 32 °C, a light intensity of 3500 Lx, an aeration rate of 3 L / min for 8 days under sterile conditions to obtain algae species; B. Inoculate the algae species obtained in step S2(3)-A into a culture flask containing the above-mentioned culture medium, with an inoculation ratio of 0.3 g (wet weight) of the algae species per liter of the culture medium, culture at a temperature of 32 °C, a light intensity of 4000 Lx, an aeration rate of 3 L / min for 8 days to obtain algae species; C. Scale-up culture: Inoculate the algae species obtained in step S2(3)-B into a light incubator, expand according to the volume ratio of the culture medium in the culture flask to that in the light incubator of 1:20 - 25, and keep other culture conditions the same as those in the culture flask, culture for 10 - 20 days to obtain desert algae; (4) Prepare algal sludge: Pour the desert algae obtained in step S2(3) into a filter sieve, filter to obtain algal slurry, and then centrifuge the algal slurry with a centrifuge to remove water to make algal sludge.

[0039] S3 Prepare the grass seeds (1) Collect indigenous grass seeds, which include various types of indigenous grass seeds such as early-maturing types and perennial types; (2) Cleaning: Pour the indigenous grass seeds into a gauze bag respectively, and rinse with clean water to remove surface impurities and dust; (3) Drying: Air-dry the cleaned indigenous grass seeds at room temperature or dry them in a low-temperature oven to ensure that the indigenous grass seeds are dry; (4) Mixing: Mix the indigenous grass seeds; S4 Prepare the substrate (1) Mix 3.0 parts by mass of modified cellulose, 2.0 parts by mass of the binder-modified starch, 13.0 parts by mass of coconut fibers, 6.0 parts by mass of attapulgite clay powder, 2.0 parts by mass of the organic fertilizer, 56.0 parts by mass of the organic soil matrix, and 18.0 parts by mass of water evenly to obtain a mixture, and make a colloidal material, that is, obtain the substrate.

[0040] S5 Prepare the intermediate layer mixture (1) Mix 0.2 parts by mass of the composite microbial inoculant obtained in step S1, 28.0 parts by mass of the algal sludge obtained in step S2, 2.8 parts by mass of the composite native grass seeds obtained in step S3, and 69.0 parts by mass of the substrate obtained in step S4 evenly to obtain the mixture of the intermediate layer.

[0041] S6 Prepare the bacteria, algae, and grass ternary mixed ecological blanket (1) Lay the plant fiber fabric flat to make it the bottom bonding band with a thickness of 2.5 mm; (2) Lay the plant fiber mesh flat on the bottom bonding band to form a shaping support mesh. The two sides of the bottom bonding band are respectively 2 cm wide with the two sides of the shaping support mesh to obtain the shaping support bottom layer, which plays the roles of shaping, supporting, and bonding; (3) Spread and press the intermediate layer mixture obtained in step S5 onto the shaping support mesh to form the intermediate layer and bond it with the shaping support bottom layer; (4) Cover the upper side of the intermediate layer with a plant fiber fabric to make it the upper protective fabric layer, and make the intermediate layer bond with the upper protective fabric layer; (5) Roll, bond, or stitch the upper protective fiber fabric layer, the intermediate layer, and the shaping support bottom layer together to form a whole, and obtain the bacteria, algae, and grass ternary mixed ecological blanket after air-drying.

[0042] So far, the technical solution of the present invention has been described in conjunction with the preferred embodiments shown in the accompanying drawings. However, it is easy for those skilled in the art to understand that the protection scope of the present invention is obviously not limited to these specific embodiments. Without departing from the principle of the present invention, those skilled in the art can make equivalent changes or substitutions to the relevant technical features, and the technical solutions after these changes or substitutions will all fall within the protection scope of the present invention.

Claims

1. A three - element mixed ecological blanket of bacteria, algae and grass and its preparation method, characterized in that The bacteria-algae-grass ternary mixed ecological blanket includes an upper layer, a middle layer, and a bottom layer. The upper layer is a protective fiber tissue layer with a thickness of 2 - 2.5 mm. The middle layer is a mixture of bacterial strains, algal strains, grass seeds, matrix, and binder, with a thickness of 4.5 - 5.5 mm. The bottom layer is a shaping and supporting layer with a thickness of 2.7 - 3.2 mm. The upper layer, the middle layer, and the bottom layer are bonded or stitched together.

2. The bacteria, algae, and grass ternary hybrid ecological blanket according to claim 1, wherein The strain is a compound microbial inoculant, and the compound microbial inoculant is compounded according to the bacterial content, wherein the effective viable count of Bacillus mucilaginosus ≥ 2.0×10 8 cfu / g, the effective viable count of Bacillus amyloliquefaciens ≥ 2.0×10 8 cfu / g, and the effective viable count of Bacillus natto ≥ 2.0×10 8 cfu / g.

3. The preparation method of a three - element mixed ecological blanket of bacteria, algae and grass according to claim 1, characterized in that, The preparation method of the bacteria-algae-grass ternary mixed ecological blanket includes the following steps: S1 Preparation of compound microbial inoculum (1) Biological fermentation: Bacillus mucilaginosus, Bacillus amyloliquefaciens, and Bacillus natto are respectively subjected to biological fermentation to obtain a large number of microbial cells. (2) Fluidized bed drying: The fermented products are respectively dried at 70 °C to obtain microbial inoculum products with a water content ≤ 5%. (3) Crushing: The dried biological fermentation products are respectively crushed. (4) Mixing: The crushed biological fermentation products of Bacillus mucilaginosus, Bacillus amyloliquefaciens, and Bacillus natto are mixed and compounded according to the proportion of the bacterial content, and auxiliary materials are added to obtain a compound microbial inoculum. S2 Preparation of desert algae (1) Obtaining algal strains: The indigenous soil crust with desert algae is ground, cultured, separated, and purified to obtain algal strains. (2) Preparing culture medium. (3) Preparing desert algae: The algal strains obtained in step S2(1) are put into the culture medium bottle in step S2(2) for cultivation, and then further expanded cultivation is carried out to obtain desert algae. (4) Preparing algal mud: The desert algae obtained in step S2(3) are filtered and centrifuged to remove water to make desert algae mud. S3 Preparation of the grass seeds (1) Collecting indigenous grass seeds, which include various types of indigenous grass seeds such as early-maturing types and perennial types. (2) Cleaning: Removing impurities and dust on the surface of the indigenous grass seeds. (3) Drying: Obtaining dry indigenous grass seeds. (4) Mixing: Mixing the indigenous grass seeds to obtain the grass seeds. S4 Preparation of matrix (1) Mix 2.0 - 3.0 parts by mass of modified cellulose, 1.0 - 2.0 parts by mass of the binder (such as modified starch, dextrin, etc.), 10.0 - 15.0 parts by mass of plant fiber (such as sisal, palm, coconut fiber, abutilon, etc.), 5.0 - 8.0 parts by mass of attapulgite clay powder, 2.0 - 3.0 parts by mass of the organic fertilizer, 50 - 60.0 parts by mass of the organic soil matrix, and 18.0 - 20.0 parts by mass of water evenly to obtain a mixture, and make it into a colloidal material, that is, the matrix. S5 Preparation of the middle layer mixture (1) Mix 0.1 - 0.2 parts by mass of the compound microbial inoculum obtained in step S1, 20.0 - 30.0 parts by mass of the algal mud obtained in step S2, 1.0 - 3.0 parts by mass of the compound indigenous grass seeds obtained in step S3, 60.0 - 75.0 parts by mass of the matrix obtained in step S4, and 0.5 - 2.0 parts by mass of the binder to obtain the mixture of the middle layer. S6 Preparation of the bacteria-algae-grass ternary mixed ecological blanket (1) Lay the plant fiber fabric flat to make it into a bottom layer bonding belt with a thickness of 2 - 2.5 mm. (2) Lay the plant fiber mesh flat on the bottom bonding tape to form a shaping support mesh. The two sides of the bottom bonding tape are respectively 2 cm wide from the two sides of the shaping support mesh, obtaining a shaping support bottom layer, which plays the roles of shaping, supporting, and bonding; (3) Spread and press the intermediate layer mixture obtained in step S5 onto the shaping support mesh to form the intermediate layer, and bond it to the shaping support bottom layer; (4) Cover the upper side of the intermediate layer with a plant fiber fabric to form an upper protective fabric layer, and bond the intermediate layer and the upper protective fabric layer; (5) Roll, bond, or stitch the upper protective fiber fabric layer, the intermediate layer, and the shaping support bottom layer together to form a whole. After air-drying, a triple mixed ecological blanket of bacteria, algae, and grass is obtained.

4. The biological fermentation in the steps of preparing the composite microbial inoculum according to claim 3, wherein The method for biological fermentation of Bacillus mucilaginosus adopts the following steps: A. Shake flask culture: Inoculate the Bacillus mucilaginosus strain from the preserved slant into a shake flask culture medium, with a temperature of 36°C ± 1°C and a rotation speed of 120 r / min, continuously stirring for 14 - 16 h; B. Seed culture: Inoculate the shake flask culture into a seed tank at an inoculation amount of 1.0%, with a temperature of 37°C ± 1°C and a rotation speed of 180 r / min, continuously stirring for 12 - 16 h; C. Biological fermentation: Inoculate the seed liquid into a fermentation tank for fermentation, with a temperature of 37°C ± 1°C, dissolved oxygen > 8%, an initial pH value of pH 7.0 - 7.5, and a rotation speed of 200 r / min, continuously stirring for 40 - 48 h.

5. The biological fermentation in the steps of preparing the composite microbial inoculum according to claim 3, characterized in that, The method for biological fermentation of Bacillus amyloliquefaciens adopts the following steps: A. Shake flask culture: Inoculate the Bacillus amyloliquefaciens strain from the preserved slant into a shake flask culture medium, with a temperature of 37°C ± 1°C and a rotation speed of 120 r / min, continuously stirring for 12 - 14 h. The formula of the shake flask culture medium is 25 g of peptone, 15 g of glucose, 1000 mL of water, and pH 7.5 - 7.8; B. Seed culture: Inoculate the shake flask culture into a seed tank at an inoculation amount of 1.0%, with a temperature of 37°C ± 1°C and a rotation speed of 180 r / min, continuously stirring for 10 - 12 h. The formula of the seed tank culture medium is 10 - 15 g of peptone, 10 - 15 g of beef extract, 1000 mL of water, and pH 7.5 - 7.8; C. Biological fermentation: Inoculate the seed liquid into a fermentation tank for fermentation, with a temperature of 37°C ± 1°C, dissolved oxygen > 8%, an initial pH value of pH 5.0 - 5.5, and a rotation speed of 200 r / min, continuously stirring for 48 h. The formula of the biological fermentation culture medium is 2 g / L of brown sugar, 10 g / L of starch, 1 g / L of soybean powder, 0.3 g / L of yeast extract, 2 g / L of (NH4)2SO4, 2 g / L of KH2PO4, 0.5 g / L of MgSO4, 0.2 g / L of CaCO3, 0.01 g / L of FeCl3, and pH 7.

0.

6. The biological fermentation in the steps of preparing the composite microbial inoculum according to claim 3, characterized in that, The method for biological fermentation of Bacillus natto adopts the following steps: A. Shake flask culture: Inoculate the Bacillus natto strain from the preserved slant into a shake flask medium, at a temperature of 37°C ± 1°C, a rotation speed of 120 r / min, and continuously stir for 12 - 14 h. The formula of the shake flask medium is 25 g of peptone, 15 g of glucose, 1000 mL of water, and pH 7.5 - 7.8; B. Seed culture: Inoculate the shake flask culture into a seed tank at an inoculation amount of 1.0%, at a temperature of 37°C ± 1°C, a rotation speed of 180 r / min, and continuously stir for 10 - 12 h. The formula of the seed tank medium is 10 - 15 g of peptone, 10 - 15 g of beef extract, 1000 mL of water, and pH 7.5 - 7.8; C. Biological fermentation: Inoculate the seed liquid into a fermenter for fermentation, at a temperature of 37°C ± 1°C, dissolved oxygen > 8%, initial pH value of pH 6.5 - 7.0, and a rotation speed of 200 r / min, continuously stir for 48 h. The formula of the fermenter medium is 2 g / L of brown sugar, 10 g / L of starch, 1 g / L of soybean powder, 0.3 g / L of yeast extract, 2 g / L of (NH4)2SO4, 2 g / L of KH2PO4, 0.5 g / L of MgSO4, 0.2 g / L of CaCO3, 0.01 g / L of FeCl3, and pH 7.

0.

7. The method for Bacillus mojavensis biological fermentation according to claim 4, characterized in that The media of the shake flask and the seed tank are the same, and the formula is carbon source (glucose, sucrose, starch) 15.0 - 20.0 g / L, nitrogen source (soybean powder, yeast) 2.0 - 5.0 g / L, (NH4)2SO4 0.6 - 1.2 g / L, MgSO4 0.2 - 0.4 g / L, KH2PO4 0.2 - 0.4 g / L, K2HPO4 0.8 - 1.0 g / L, CaSO4 0.1 - 0.2 g / L, CaCO3 0.1 - 0.5 g / L, and FeCl3 0.05 - 0.1 g / L, pH 7.0 - 7.5; The formula of the fermenter medium is carbon source (glucose, sucrose, starch) 20.0 - 25.0 g / L, nitrogen source (soybean powder, yeast) 3.0 - 6.0 g / L, (NH4)2SO4 0.8 - 1.2 g / L, MgSO4 0.2 - 0.4 g / L, KH2PO4 0.3 - 0.5 g / L, K2HPO4 0.8 - 1.0 g / L, CaSO4 0.1 - 0.2 g / L, CaCO3 0.1 - 0.5 g / L, and FeCl3 0.05 - 0.1 g / L, and the pH of the medium is 7.0 - 7.

5. Among them, the carbon source is selected from one or a combination of two or more of starch, glucose, or sucrose, and the nitrogen source is selected from one or a combination of two or more of soybean powder, peptone, or yeast powder.

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