146 results about "Rocky desertification" patented technology

The invention discloses a forage grass planting method for a rocky desert area. According to characteristics of the rocky desert area, through land rocky desertification grade classification, forage grass selection, land preparation, forage grass seed selection, seed processing, sowing time selection, sowing amount selection, sowing mode selection, post-sowing compression and a field management technology, scientific forage grass planting is achieved, high-yield forage grass planting is obtained, economic benefits are remarkable, the environment is greatly improved, the water and soil are preserved, the rock desertification environment is improved, the primary productivity of land can be maintained and effectively improved, the yields of forestry and animal husbandry are increased, and the income of farmers is increased; meanwhile, soil carbon sink can be effectively increased, and the environment quality is improved.

The invention provides a device for planting arbors in rocky desertification regions and preparation and planting method thereof. The planting device includes a basal disc parent body, an evaporation-proof cover, moisture absorption roots, and a water storage layer; the basal disc parent body is a circular column obtained by compression forming of water retention nutrient soil; the evaporation-proof cover is formed by combining two half circular discs through a buckle, the centre of the evaporation-proof cover is provided with a growth hole, and the bottom of the evaporation-proof cover is provided with a plurality of water collection holes and funnels; each moisture absorption root is cylindrical bar-shaped; the water storage layer is formed by nutrient soil covered by high water absorbing fibers; the basal disc parent body is positioned in a rock hole dug in a rock, the evaporation-proof cover covers an upper part of the basal disc parent body, the water storage layer is positioned on the bottom of the basal disc parent body, and a plurality of the moisture absorption roots are positioned on the bottom of the water storage layer and contact the water storage layer. According to the invention, the beneficial technical effects are that the good moisture and nutrient substances are provided for early survival and growth of tree seedlings, so that the tree seedlings can take root and survive easily, and the roots of the trees can grow downward along the moisture absorption roots; and the structure is simple, and the operation is convenient.

The invention provides a method for herbaceous plants to cope with global climate change. The method comprises the steps of 1, with herbaceous plants being the main body, managing stony desertification and desertification, controlling coastal erosion and water and soil loss and preventing an earth ecological system from collapsing and breaking down; 2, planting the herbaceous plants in regions with the stony desertification, the desertification, the coastal erosion and the water and soil loss, fixing the surface soil layer, recovering or rebuilding vegetation and controlling emission of carbonin lithosphere to atmosphere and hydrosphere; 3, utilizing the characteristics that the fast-growing herbaceous plants are fast in growth and development, high in carbon capturing efficiency and hugein biomass, convert movable carbon in the atmosphere into fixed carbon, develop new climate economy, further promote the increase of the amount of the fixed carbon in the industries of agriculture, forestry, animal husbandry, side-line production and fishery and achieving a world zero carbon development mode. Ecological development is the best carbon emission reduction mode, and carbon dioxide isprecious wealth of the human. Respecting the nature, conforming to the nature, protecting the nature and guiding the nature solve the problem of ecology, environment, resources, economy and global climate warming.

The invention discloses a method for planting dendrobium officinale on rocky desertification land. The method comprises the steps of selecting planting environments on the rocky desertification land, and respectively planting the dendrobium officinale according to the planting environments. 1, for the planting environment of a rocky mountain with live mosses grown originally, the dendrobium officinale seedlings are directly planted in the mosses; 2, for the planting environment of a rocky mountain without mosses originally, the roots of the dendrobium officinale are wrapped with mosses, and the roots of the dendrobium officinale are adhered to rock walls together with the mosses by water-retaining adhesive; 3, for the planting environment of a low-lying area without ponding, a culture substrate which is 8-12cm thick is directly paved, and the dendrobium officinale seedlings are planted into the culture substrate; 4, for the planting environment of a low-lying area easy to water, the low-lying area is filled up or filled to have a depth of 25-35cm by stones as a drainage layer, then a culture substrate is paved, and the dendrobium officinale seedlings are planted into the culture substrate. According to the method, the rocky desertification land resources are fully used, the ecological environment is improved, and the grown dendrobium officinale is high in yield and good in quality.

The invention discloses a pitaya cultivating method, and belongs to the field of agriculture. The pitaya cultivating method comprises the following steps of (1) selecting sites; (2) culturing seedlings; (3) performing planting; (4) applying fertilizers; (5) controlling diseases and insect pests; (6) performing field management; (7) performing pollination; and (8) harvesting fruits. The cultivating method is suitable for planting pitaya at rocky desertification regions, the planting process is concise, pitaya fruits planted by the method disclosed by the invention are high in quality, high in capacity of resisting diseases and insect pests and high in yield, and besides, the soil fertility of the rocky desertification region can be improved for a long term.

The invention relates to a treatment method for slight stony desertification in a karst mountainous area. The method includes the steps that a planting combination of economic fruit tree forest and crops is adopted for the same cultivated land unit, shrubland and unutilized land are mainly used for planting forests for conserving water supply, and a forest-glass composite ecological type is set up; vegetation structures are allocated in an optimized mode, through a land terracing technology, stone ridge slopes are repaired, built and changed into terracing, field production shortcut construction is matched, and through the matched construction of a rainwater collecting plateau, a catchwater, a desilting basin, a water conveying pipeline, a small cistern and a small pond, a slope rainwater collecting system is set up; an underground river is developed, an underground river irrigation pumping station is constructed, so that water resources are reasonably deployed, a soil moisture conservation technology and a water-saving irrigation technology are adopted, and a scientific and reasonable irrigation mode is set up. Through the treatment method, the slight stony desertification in the karst mountainous area is effectively treated, water and soil loss is reduced, the stony desertification trend is restrained, and the social economy and ecological construction develop harmoniously.

The invention provides a management method of rocky land degradation. Geotextiles and geocells are utilized in a composite mode and accordingly the geotextiles and the geocells can be directly applied to the soil and water conservation of the rocky desertification area so as to create conditions for the large area of afforestation and vegetation is planted in the geocells to rebuild an ecological system so as to solidify stone and conserve water from the source and prevent the expansion of the desertification. According to the management method of the rocky land degradation, the good effect on the management in the rocky desertification area can be achieved through once implementation, the soil and water conservation can be effectively achieved, the conditions required by the vegetation and protection forest growth can be effectively improved, vast rock desert resources in China can be effectively utilized, and the rocky desertification land management cost is saved.

The invention relates to a treatment method for intensive rocky desertification in a karst mountainous area. The method includes: protecting actual vegetation, cleaning forest land, and establishing a strict enclosure management system; promoting vegetation recovery through artificial complementary planting for complementary afforestation and appropriate bunch planting of cypress, privet, paper mulberry and triadica sebifera; developing economic tree species and Sichuan pepper planting; developing economic fruit tree construction, adopting low and short crop and economic forest interplanting mode to develop forest and grass interplanting, and selecting ryegrass, pennisetum hydridum and honeysuckle as artificial planting grass to solve the problem of shortage of livestock feed; developing rural tourism, constructing a biogas energy system, comprehensively utilizing biogas residue, establishing a forest-bird mode, and modifying original water conservancy facilities, utilizing the roof water collection technology and connecting a roof water collection level ground with a cistern so as to solve the problem about drinking water for human and livestock. By the treatment method, the intensive rocky desertification in the karst mountainous area is treated effectively, water and soil loss is reduced, the trend of rock coverage is restrained, and social and economic coordinated development is realized.

The invention discloses a jatropha curcas dedicated composite fertilizer, a preparation method and applications thereof. The dedicated composite fertilizer is prepared from the following components in parts by weight: 30 to 35 parts of banana stalk, 35 to 40 parts of manure of livestock and poultry, 5 to 12 parts of liquid monosodium glutamate dreg, 10 to 13 parts of peanut bran powder, 1 to 3 parts of jatropha bran powder, 0.02 to 2 parts of plant insecticide, 1 to 2 parts of water-retaining agent, 0.002 to 0.010 part of microbial inoculant, 1 to 2 parts of urea with a nitrogen content not less than 46.4%, 3 to 4 parts of calcium superphosphate with a P2O5 content not less than 12%, and 2 to 3 parts of potassium chloride with a K2O content not less than 60%. The provided fertilizer is suitable for being used in the seedling period and topdressing period and can be used as a base fertilizer. The jatropha curcas dedicated composite fertilizer has comprehensive and abundant nutrients, can provide enough nutrients for jatropha curcas, and is capable of preventing diseases and insects. Jatropha curcas is usually planted in water-deficient areas such as hillside, high mountains, and the like, and the provided fertilizer can relieve water deficiency. Moreover, the raw material source is wide, the cost is low, and the preparation technology is simple. So the fertilizer can promote the sustainable development of rock desertification region and generates good economic benefit, social benefit, and ecological benefit.

The invention relates to a treatment method for moderate stony desertification in a karst mountain area. The treatment method includes the steps that a land terracing technology is popularized in a slope cropland, a forest for water and soil conservation is constructed on the periphery, high-yield commercial fruit-bearing forest-crystal grapes are developed on the lower portion of a peak cluster slope and part of depressions, and gold pears are developed between grasslands which are good in condition on the upper middle portion of a slope body and a sparse forestland. Through a grassland construction technology, a grassland improvement technology and a high-quality forage planting and managing technology, by the utilization of the mode of combining an intercepting ditch, a desilting basin and a small reservoir and the mode of combining a floodwater drainage canal, a water inlet ditch, a desilting basin and a reservoir, water resources are developed and utilized. An ecological medicine industry base and an ecological grape industry base are established. A machine is used for digging a well, underground water is taken, a high-position water pool is constructed at the high point of a control area, the water pool and slope surface water pool field pipelines form an irrigating net, and by the adoption of an irrigation technology, an early vegetable base is established. Through the treatment method, moderate stony desertification of the karst mountain area is effectively treated, water and soil loss is weakened, the rock exposing trend is restrained, and society and economy are coordinately developed.

The invention discloses a stony desertification treatment effect multi-index monitoring and evaluating method based on multi-source remote sensing data. The method comprises the following steps: (1) acquiring high-medium-low multi-source remote sensing data before and after stony desertification treatment in a monitoring area according to actual requirements; (2) calculating the vegetation coverage FVC and the leaf area index LAI of different time phases of the stony desertification control area according to the remote sensing data obtained in the step (1); (3) carrying out binarization processing according to the change conditions of the vegetation coverage FVC and the leaf area index LAI obtained in the step (2); (4) obtaining a comprehensive change condition FL of the vegetation coverage and the leaf area index; and (5) constructing a stony desertification treatment effect evaluation system. According to the invention, the defect of monitoring the physiological state of the vegetation in the treatment area in the current rocky desertification treatment monitoring is overcome, and the beneficial effect of monitoring the treatment situation more systematically and comprehensivelyis achieved.

The invention discloses a method for filling between stones for planting trees and grasses, which comprises the following steps: firstly, choosing seeds, which are suitable for growing in local, of local plants, and mixing with soil, fertilizer, water, and chopped straw to form mud; and then, seeding the mud between the stones in a suitable depth to finish planting the trees and the grasses with filling between the stones. The method not only allows the plant seeds to have the ability of sucking between the stones for not being washed away by rains, but also can effectively prevent the seeds from losing moisture quickly with direct sunlight exposure, improves the survival rate of the seeded seeds, and meanwhile, utilizes the characteristics that rain falls in rain seasons, and the moisture between the stones is not easy to be vapored to allow roots of later period seeds to be inserted deeply in moisture soil between the stones, so as to finish the rooting and sprouting for the seeds. The method has the advantages of high survival rate, simple operation, practicality, and low cost, and is suitable for ecological remediation and protection in various moist and semi-moist serious stony desertification areas.

The invention discloses a method for improving the planting survival rate of kudzu seedlings in treatment of stony desertification. The method comprises the specific steps that a seedling cultivation substrate is arranged in a nutrition pot first, then kudzu seedlings are cultivated in the seedling cultivation substrate in the nutrition pot in a cottage or bar pressing mode, and the seedling cultivation is conducted in September to December every year; in March to May in the second year, the kudzu seedlings are transplanted, before transplanting, the substrate in the nutrition pot is drenched by water, and a water-retaining agent is sprayed on the surface of the substrate; then the kudzu seedlings are put in prepared transplanting holes together with the nutrition pot, earthing and compaction are conducted, and transplanting can be achieved. According to the method, the nutrition pot is used for cultivating the kudzu seedlings, the nutrition pot and the kudzu seedlings are together transplanted, the nutrition pot and the water-retaining agent are used together, so that it is guaranteed that the water in the nutrition pot can not be absorbed by outside soil to be lost, and sufficient water is provided for growing of the kudzu seedlings. Accordingly, the survival rate of the kudzu seedlings in the treatment of stony desertification is obviously improved, the survival rate is improved to more than 95% from the original less than 10%, the survival rate is improved by 12.7 times, and loss is reduced by 11156.17%.

The invention belongs to the technical field of stony desertification treatment, and particularly relates to a Karst mountain medicine-forage-fruit three-dimensional cultivation method. According to the Karst mountain medicine-forage-fruit three-dimensional cultivation method, in a stony desertification mountain of a Karst low-heat river valley in Guizhou, with the purposes of increasing economicoutput of an existing single orchard mode for stony desertification treatment and improving an ecological covering effect of the existing single orchard mode for stony desertification treatment, a medicinal plant dendrobium nobile with high economic benefits and feeding leguminous forage vicia villosa with an effect of enriching soil are reasonably configured, a tropical fruit tree-medicinal dendrobium nobile-forage compound three-dimensional planting mode is built, and specifically comprises the following steps: building fruit tree stands above limestone of the stony desertification mountainto plant liana fruit trees, and planting the dendrobium nobile on the limestone below the fruit tree stands; and planting the forage on soil of open spaces. According to the compound three-dimensionalplanting mode adopted in the Karst mountain medicine-forage-fruit three-dimensional cultivation method, a traditional tillage method and soil use mode of a stony desertification region are changed, and use of spaces of the surfaces of the limestone and full use of natural resources of light, heat, gas and the like are extended; and win-win of economic benefits and ecological benefits is achieved.

The invention particularly relates to an afforestation technique for quick, simple, convenient and efficient Rosa roxburghii ex-vivo twig culturing and stony desertification control, and belongs to the technical field of fruit tree biology. The afforestation technique has the advantages that the simplicity and convenience are realized, the implementation is easy, the cost is low, the soil pollution is avoided, and the efficiency is high; the afforestation technique is suitable for the production practices, such as Rosa roxburghii quick propagation and stony desertification control; the transplanting survival rate reaches more than 95%, the obvious effect is realized in the stony desertification control, the vegetation coverage of the controlled area is improved by 6-8%, the soil erosion modulus is reduced by 15-20%, and the ratio of stony desertification area is reduced by 10-15%; the obvious economic benefit is realized, and the good economic benefits on water and soil conservancy, vegetation restoration and the like are realized.

The invention provides a method of ecological restoration of rocky desertification in mountainous region. The method comprises the steps that in subtropical rocky desertification mountainous area, medicinal vine plants honeysuckle and mango seedlings are planted in soil of limestone stone gaps, the specific climbing property of honeysuckle is utilized to tract the honeysuckle to climb on the surfaces of exposed limestones, the dendrobium candidum seedlings are cultivated in rock gaps shaded with honeysuckle plants, the root parts of the dendrobium seedlings are fixed with pine tree skins or dead branches and fallen leaves; when the tree diameters of the mango trees reach 10 centimeters or above and the heights of the trees are 150 centimeters of above, the domesticated artificial tissue culture seedlings of dendrobium candidum are cut into strips of shade nets and tied to the mango tree stems. The problems of slow progress and insufficient stamina and the like of the existing desertification control methods are solved. The invention belongs to the field of ecological management.

The invention discloses a configuration method for light-potentially rocky desertification environmental plant hedge in karst region. The configuration method comprises selection of plant hedge planting type, land consolidation, plant hedge planting, late stage watering management, later stage pruning management forming plant hedge configuration form of pyracantha fortuneana, climbers+shrubs+herbs, climbers+small trees+herbs, herbs+shrubs; the plant hedge configuration form of pyracantha fortuneana, climbers+shrubs+herbs, climbers+small trees+herbs, herbs+shrubs is obtained in the method, control of soil erosion is conducted concerning light-potentially rocky desertification in karst region, the surface coverage is increased, the surface flow rate is reduced, the soil erosion is decreased, and the soil fertility is improved and preserved. Cash crops such as Hypericum monogynum, pyracantha fortuneana, Trifolium repens, and Prunus Humilis Bunge are planted. Crop yield is high, terrace stability and economic incomes of peasants are improved, the usage rate of the soil in karst region is increased, and the method is especially accepted by peasants in light-potentially rocky desertification environment.

The invention discloses application of a biodegradable straw mycelia material prepared by adopting edible fungus mycelia to ferment straws. The straw edible fungus mycelia material is a growth matrixusing the straws rich in fibers as edible fungus mycelia, and the edible fungus mycelia is used for binding and forming the straws. The novel degradable material can be used as a moisturizing materialand a salt-resistant material of the soil, the destertified land and the stony desertified land, can also be used for fixing inorganic fertilizer and organic fertilizer, and is made into a sustained-release fertilizer material for cultivating plants. The raw materials are simple and easy to obtain, the production cost is low, a great amount of agricultural waste can be treated, the prepared material can be widely applied in the agriculture and forestry, the whole production process is green, no secondary pollution is produced, after the material is applied to the soil, the water retaining performance of the soil is improved, as biomass is slowly degraded, the fixed fertilizer is released to fertilizer the soil, an effect for resisting the drought, retaining the water and promoting the plant growth as well as resisting the salt and alkali for a long time can be achieved, the biodegradable straw mycelia material can substitute the commercially-available chemically-synthesized water-retaining and sustained-release fertilizer, so that the pollution for the soil can be further reduced.

The invention relates to a water and soil conservation structure for accelerating rock weathering at a stony desertification area and a building method thereof. The water and soil conservation structure comprises a water and soil loss prevention unit and a rock weathering accelerating unit; the water and soil loss prevention unit comprises a semi-permeation mechanism arranged on the bottom of a concave zone, a water storage and fetching mechanism arranged in the inner periphery of rocks in the concave zone and a bush and grass planting mechanism arranged in the concave zone; and the rock weathering accelerating mechanism comprises a rock weathering flora substrate layer arranged on the rocks, a water absorbing stone net bag layer arranged on the rock weathering flora substrate layer and aturf arranged on the water absorbing stone net bag layer. According to the water and soil conservation structure, the rock weathering accelerating unit is arranged, so that the aim of providing a humid and acidulous environment for carbonate weathering is realized; meanwhile, through the arrangement of the water storage and fetching mechanism and the semi-permeation mechanism, the aim of ecostorage and utilization for rainwater and runoffs is realized; and the problem of water and soil loss caused by scouring of a large number of runoffs is effectively avoided.

The invention discloses a water and soil co-storage and ecological slope protection method for a karst sloping field and a stony desertification side slope. The water and soil co-storage and ecological slope protection method comprises the following steps that small anchor rods are arranged on the slope surfaces of the karst sloping field and the stony desertification side slope line by line, a soil retaining plate is placed in front of the small anchor rods to form plate grooves, and cofferdams or baffles are arranged at two ends of the plate grooves; a rainwater collecting surface material is arranged on the slope surface between the plate grooves to collect rainwater; an anti-seepage cushion layer is laid in each stage of plate groove, a grating plate on which a plurality of water absorption belts are fixed in advance is arranged at a certain height in a plate groove, the grating plate leans against the soil retaining plate and the slope surface so as to be kept stable, planting soil is filled on the grating plate to form a planting layer, and a water storage cavity space below the grating plate serves as a water storage layer; plants with long roots and developed main root systems are planted in a planting soil layer, and plants with short root systems are supplemented. According to the water and soil co-storage and ecological slope protection method for the karst sloping field and the stony desertification side slope, slope rainwater collection and rainwater accumulation of the karst sloping field and the stony desertification side slope are integrated, water and soil co-storage and water and soil conservation of the karst sloping field and the stony desertification side slope, ecological slope protection treatment and ecological environment reconstruction are achieved, meanwhile, the treatment cost is saved, and the treatment method is simplified.

The invention provides an afforestation method for rock desert mountainous area Malania oleifera, and relates to the technical field of afforestation. The method comprises the following steps of 1, collecting mature Malania oleifera fruits, collecting seeds, performing airing, and obtaining seeds to be sown; 2, performing sand preservation on the seeds to be sown obtained in step 1 for 3-4 months,and obtaining germinated seeds; 3, sowing the germinated seeds obtained in step 2 into an afforestation land, and performing laminating, wherein the afforestation land comprises shrub wood or thick growth of grass with the canopy density being 30-40%; 4, performing emergence of the germinated seeds 20-30 d after laminating, and cutting a circular opening with the diameter being 4-5 cm in a film over seedlings. Three years after afforestation, the afforestation survival rate is 85.2%, the afforestation survival rate is 81.8%, the tree height is 2.26m, the ground diameter is 4.07 m, and the crown breadth is 1.52 m<2>. Compared with the proportion, the afforestation survival rate is increased by 4.63-5.4 times, and the afforestation survival rate is increased by 5.56-6.49.

The present invention discloses a hole-digging device for controlling mountain area stony desertification and belongs to the technical field of mountain area stony desertification control. The hole-digging device comprises a base seat, moving wheels are arranged at four corners of a bottom surface of the base seat, a protective box is fixedly arranged in a middle part of a top surface, besides, adigging component is arranged in the protective box, adjusting components are symmetrically arranged at two sides of the top surface of the base seat, two threaded cylinders are symmetrically connected to each adjusting component, and a supporting component is connected to the adjusting components through the threaded cylinders. The device is moved to a hole-digging position, the adjusting components drive the threaded cylinders, supporting components, etc. to move and adjust an outer-extending length of the supporting components; threaded rods are rotated to enable top plates, guide rods andbottom plates to move downwards, the bottom plates are in contact with the ground, so that a supporting effect is provided for the device, positions of the bottom plates can be adjusted according to terrain, so that the device can be stably parked at positions of inclined ground or uneven ground; and a first motor drives an auger stem to rotate and at the same time the auger stem moves downwards through screw rods and sliding blocks to dig holes.

The invention provides an ecological remediation method of mountainous regions having rocky desertification. The ecological remediation method comprises the following steps of (1) arranging flow blocking channels, and stuffing soil in the flow blocking channels; (2) after the soil is stuffed in the flow choking channels, applying and sprinkling farmyard manure, and planting perennial waterloggingresistant fruit trees and pasture in the flow blocking channels; (3) planting liana at mountainous region areas between the flow blocking channels; (4) taking out soil accumulated in the flow blockingchannels, mixing the taken-out soil with weathered bacteria, performing uniform stirring to obtain a mixture, and then uniformly throwing and spraying the mixture to the mountainous region areas between the flow blocking channels; and (5) regularly collecting and resowing commercial crops, and performing proper conservation until soil fertility is thoroughly remedied and soil rocky desertification disappears. According to the ecological remediation method of mountainous regions having rocky desertification disclosed by the invention, the ecological environment of areas having rocky desertification can be remedied, and the economic benefits of the areas having rocky desertification can be promoted; and through the ecological remediation method for rocky desertification, fusion and development of ecology and economy are realized.