Method for anchoring thermal insulation layer on ultrathin wall body by using composite material

Abstract

A method for anchoring a thermal insulation layer on an ultrathin wall body by using a composite material relates to a technology for anchoring the thermal insulation layer on the wall body, a capsule made of a thermoplastic resin material is arranged at the tip end of an FRP (Fiber Reinforced Plastic) rib anchor bolt, a binder is wrapped in the capsule, (B) is the maximum outer contour diameter of the capsule (8), (9) is the binder in the capsule (8), and (9) is the maximum outer contour diameter of the capsule (8). A connecting sleeve (16) on the capsule (8) sleeves the front end of the FRP rib anchor bolt, the diameter of the bottom hole (10) is (C), (C) is smaller than (B), under continuous pushing of force (F), the helmet cap (15) is clamped in a hole opening (11) in the wall of the hollow brick, the extrusion force borne by the binder (9) is continuously increased, finally the capsule (8) is broken, the binder (9) is released, the force (F) is continuously applied, the helmet cap (15) at the front end of the capsule (8) is torn from other parts of the capsule (8), and the hollow brick is formed. And the bonding agent (9) is fully brought into the position (12) by the FRP rib anchor bolt, then the bonding agent is cured, and the FRP rib anchor bolt is firmly bonded with the wall bottom hole (10).

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present invention belongs to the technical field of building insulation layers, and particularly relates to a method for anchoring an insulation layer on an ultra-thin wall using a composite material. Background Art

[0002] Currently, nearly 1 to 2 billion square meters of new urban and rural buildings are constructed annually across the country, and the existing buildings exceed 60 billion square meters, with more than 50% being high-energy-consuming buildings.

[0003] The insulation layer installation technology used in the past was as follows: holes were drilled in the wall, plastic expansion tubes with trays were inserted into the holes, and then steel nails were driven into the center reserved holes of the plastic expansion tubes to expand the plastic expansion tubes and squeeze the hole walls on the wall to achieve anchoring by friction, and the steel nails mainly bore the tensile and shear loads.

[0004] Problems have emerged in the structure of plastic expansion tube + steel nail in several aspects: First of all, the steel nail must extend from the outermost part close to the insulation layer towards the wall until it penetrates deep into the wall, otherwise it cannot effectively bear the tensile and shear loads. However, the thermal conductivity of the steel nail reaches k 钢 = 40 - 50 W / (m·K), the diameter is 6 mm, and 10 steel nails are required per square meter of the composite insulation layer. Then the cross-sectional area of the steel nails per square meter of the external wall reaches S 钢 = 0.0002826 m 2 The heat transfer through the steel nails per square meter of the composite insulation layer: Q 钢 = k 钢 × S 钢 = 0.0113 - 0.01413 (W·m) / K; the thermal conductivity of the thermal insulation benzene board k 苯 = 0.03 W / (m·K), the heat transfer through the thermal insulation benzene board per square meter of the composite insulation layer: Q 苯 = k 苯 × 1 = 0.03 (W·m) / K, and the additional heat loss caused by the steel nails is expressed as: Q 钢 / Q 苯 = 37.67 - 47.1%, that is, the presence of the steel nails increases the energy loss of the modern building external wall insulation layer by 37.67 - 47.1%.

[0006] Secondly, the anchoring force of the plastic expansion tube + steel nail structure can no longer meet the requirements, and the tensile strength is small. The current national standard stipulates that the tensile strength of a single anchor bolt F ≥ 0.6 KN. According to the existing technology, to achieve 75% - 95% building energy conservation, the total thickness of the composite insulation layer needs to reach about 250 mm, and the total anchoring force of 10 anchor bolts per square meter is 6 KN, which is difficult to be firmly fixed in the long term during disasters such as typhoons and earthquakes.

[0007] Secondly, both the plastic expansion tube and the all-plastic tray integrally formed therewith are products made of thermoplastic polymer materials. After being stressed, creep will occur (a phenomenon in which strain continuously increases over time). Creep causes the plastic structure to continuously deform and the load-bearing capacity to decrease. During long-term service, aging will occur, making its strength lower and lower. After a certain number of years, the strength will decline severely and the anchoring will fail, and the insulation functional layer is prone to falling off and other phenomena.

[0008] In modern times in northern China, the requirements for energy conservation are getting higher and higher. The indicators are generally based on a 490-mm-thick brick-concrete solid wall. If the heat dissipation loss of the energy-saving building wall is reduced by 75%, it is called 75% energy conservation, and so on.

[0009] GFRP reinforcing bars are the most commonly used and have the highest cost performance. Their thermal conductivity is k G = 0.712 - 1.34 W / (m·K). If the diameter of the reinforcing bar anchor bolt is 10 mm and 10 FRP reinforcing bar anchor bolts are required per square meter of the insulation layer, then the cross-sectional area occupied by the GFRP reinforcing bars per square meter of the exterior wall is S G = 0.000785 m 2 , 1 m 2 The heat transfer caused by the GFRP reinforcing bar anchor bolts in the wall is: Q G = k G × S G = 0.0006 - 0.0011 (W·m) / K; the thermal conductivity of the insulating polystyrene board is k 苯 = 0.03 W / (m·K), 1 m 2 The heat transfer of the insulating polystyrene board in the wall is: Q 苯 = k 苯 × S 苯 = 0.03 (W·m) / K. The additional heat loss Q G / Q 苯 = 2 - 3.7%. Obviously, using GFRP reinforcing bar anchor bolts to replace the insulation layer anchoring method of plastic expansion tubes + steel nails is of decisive significance for whether 75% - 95% energy conservation in modern buildings can be achieved.

[0010] CN201921912117.1 discloses "External Wall Thermal Insulation Device for Building Energy Conservation Renovation". The diameters of both the installation hole 11 and the through hole 15 are 10 mm, and the fixing bolt 8 is threadedly connected to the insulation board 2, the mesh cloth board 3, and the moisture absorption and sound insulation board 4. The fixing bolt 8 is inserted into the installation hole 11 from the outside and passes through the moisture absorption and sound insulation board 4, the polystyrene board 12, the polyurethane board 13, the mesh cloth board 3, and the extruded polystyrene board 14 in a spiral manner and extends into the interior of the wall 1, and then is fixed thereto in a threaded manner.

[0011] Urbanization in China is nearly complete, and a large number of existing buildings will be in service for a long time. However, their energy-saving standards cannot meet the requirements of high-standard energy conservation, and the service life of the external thermal insulation layers of a large part of existing buildings has expired one after another, facing replacement. A large part of the walls in the structure of existing buildings are made of hollow bricks. The single-side wall thickness of hollow bricks is small, which affects the anchoring strength of the thermal insulation layer.

[0012] At present, the research and application of lightweight buildings are increasing. Prefabricated houses are becoming more and more popular due to their convenient movement and assembly. All these require the weight of the wall to be as light as possible and the thickness to be as small as possible. The small wall thickness poses challenges to the firmness of the combination of high-standard energy-saving thermal insulation layer and the wall. Summary of the Invention

[0013] The key to anchoring a composite thermal insulation layer on the hollow wall or ultra-thin wall of an existing building is: avoid using materials with high thermal conductivity in the form of metal in the anchor bolt, and also ensure that the thermal insulation layer is firmly and durably combined with the wall.

[0014] Therefore, this case designs a method for anchoring a thermal insulation layer on an ultra-thin wall using composite materials.

[0015] For example: replace the current plastic expansion tube + steel nail structure with FRP bars to make FRP bar anchor bolts.

[0016] In order to increase the bonding strength between the FRP bar anchor bolt and the wall, a capsule made of thermoplastic resin material is provided at the tip of the FRP bar anchor bolt. The capsule contains a binder. During the process of the FRP bar anchor bolt entering the wall, the capsule first passes through the thermal insulation layer. Due to the certain strength of the capsule and the large elasticity and small resistance of the thermal insulation layer, the capsule will not be squeezed and broken; until the front end of the capsule touches the wall and is stuck at the wall hole due to its diameter being larger than the wall hole diameter and cannot enter the wall hole, it is broken by the top of the FRP bar anchor bolt being pushed forward, and the binder is brought into the space between the FRP bar anchor bolt and the bottom hole of the wall. Subsequently, the binder solidifies, firmly bonding the FRP bar anchor bolt to the bottom hole of the wall.

[0017] The specific method is: use a thermosetting resin as the matrix and low-thermal-conductivity coefficient reinforcing fibers as the reinforcing phase to manufacture FRP bar anchor bolts, and use the FRP bar anchor bolts as the main anchor bolt structure that penetrates the thermal insulation layer and penetrates into the hollow wall.

[0018] Optimally, the cross-section of the FRP tendon bolt is non-circular, and its cross-sectional area is smaller than that of the wall bottom hole, enabling the FRP tendon bolt to enter the wall bottom hole; the maximum outer contour diameter of the cross-section of the FRP tendon bolt is larger than the diameter of the wall bottom hole, so that after the FRP tendon bolt enters the wall bottom hole, a mutual extrusion force between the FRP tendon bolt and the wall bottom hole can be obtained. This extrusion force brings about the frictional force between the FRP tendon bolt and the wall bottom hole, and this frictional force ensures that the FRP tendon bolt will not be pulled out of the wall bottom hole before the binder cures.

[0019] Optimally, the outer surface of the FRP tendon bolt has threads, and its cross-sectional area is smaller than that of the wall bottom hole, enabling the FRP tendon bolt to enter the wall bottom hole; the major diameter of its threads is larger than the diameter of the wall bottom hole, so that after the FRP tendon bolt enters the wall bottom hole, a mutual extrusion force between the FRP tendon bolt and the wall bottom hole can be obtained. This extrusion force brings about the frictional force between the FRP tendon bolt and the wall bottom hole, and this frictional force ensures that the FRP tendon bolt will not be pulled out of the wall bottom hole before the binder cures.

[0020] Optimally, the binder is sealed by a thermoplastic resin capsule, avoiding loss and curing before use and maintaining good fluidity within a specified period.

[0021] Optimally, the reinforcing fibers of the fiber-reinforced resin composite FRP tendon bolt are made of inorganic non-metallic fiber materials or organic polymer materials without electronic heat conduction.

[0022] Optimally, the reinforcing fibers of the fiber-reinforced resin composite FRP tendon bolt are made of glass fiber materials, that is: glass fiber-reinforced resin composite GFRP.

[0023] Optimally, the reinforcing fibers of the fiber-reinforced resin composite FRP tendon bolt are made of basalt fiber materials, that is: basalt fiber-reinforced resin composite BFRP.

[0024] Optimally, the matrix resin of the fiber-reinforced resin composite FRP tendon bolt is a thermosetting organic resin, which is in a cured state after manufacturing. The microscopic change is that the thermosetting organic resin polymer crosslinks from a linear molecular structure into a three-dimensional molecular structure, and the curing process is irreversible, with a slow aging rate in the natural environment.

[0025] Optimally, the fiber-reinforced resin composite FRP tendon bolt can be combined with the tray body to form an anchor bolt assembly with a tray.

[0026] Optimally, the outer cylindrical surface of the fiber-reinforced resin composite FRP tendon bolt has external threads, and its external threads can cooperate with the internal threads of the tray body to form an anchor bolt assembly with a tray body.

[0027] Optimally, the tray body is an integral formed by a tray and a pipe. The tray body is made of stainless steel material and has excellent durability.

[0028] Optimally, a method for anchoring a thermal insulation layer on an ultra-thin wall using a composite material can be applied to non-ultra-thin walls. Description of the Drawings

[0029] Figure 1 It is a cross-sectional view of the anchoring method of the thermal insulation layer composite material. Among them, 1 is the wall, 2 is the hollow brick wall, 3 is the thermal insulation layer, the tray body 5 is formed by integrating the tray 4 and the pipe 6, 7 is the anchor bolt assembly connected by the FRP rebar anchor bolt and the tray body 5, 8 is the capsule, which is made of thermoplastic resin material, B is the maximum outer contour diameter of the capsule 8, 9 is the binder inside the capsule 8, 15 is the helmet with a larger wall thickness at the front end of the capsule 8, and the wall thickness of the helmet 15 is more than 1.2 times the thickness of other parts of the capsule 8, 16 is the connecting sleeve at the tail end of the capsule 8, and the connecting sleeve 16 sleeves the front end of the FRP rebar anchor bolt, 17 is the bottom seal of the capsule 8, and the shape of the bottom seal 17 is close to the front end of the anchor bolt assembly 7 so that the contact between the two is a surface contact. The diameter of the bottom hole 10 drilled in the thermal insulation layer 3 and the hollow brick wall 2 is C, C < B, and the hole opening 11 on the hollow brick wall.

[0030] Figure 2 It is a working state diagram of the anchor bolt assembly with a capsule. Under the action of the force F, the anchor bolt assembly with the capsule 8 penetrates into the bottom hole 10 in the thermal insulation layer 3. By virtue of the fact that the thermal insulation layer 3 is a porous structure with soft and good elasticity, the bottom seal 17 and the front end of the anchor bolt assembly 7 are in surface contact, and the capsule 8 has strength, so the capsule 8 can remain intact until the helmet 15 at the front end of the capsule 8 abuts against the hole opening 11 on the hollow brick wall.

[0031] Figure 3 It is a cross-sectional view of the final state. Under the action of the force F, the anchor bolt assembly 7 continues to advance until the flat end of the tray 4 is not higher than the outer surface of the thermal insulation layer. The helmet 15 at the front end of the capsule 8 falls into the hollow of the wall 1. At this time, the binder 9 released from the capsule 8 is brought into the place 12 by the rebar anchor bolt. The place 12 is the joint of the rebar anchor bolt and the bottom hole 10 of the wall, and then solidifies, firmly bonding the anchor bolt assembly 7 and the bottom hole 10 of the wall.

[0032] Figure 4 is Figure 3 of A-AThe sectional view is a cross-sectional view showing the combination of the FRP reinforcing bar anchor bolt and the bottom hole 10 in the wall. The cross-section 13 of the FRP reinforcing bar anchor bolt, the bottom hole 10 drilled in the wall, the major diameter 14 of the FRP reinforcing bar anchor bolt. The area enclosed by the bottom hole 10 in the wall is larger than the area of the cross-section 13 of the FRP reinforcing bar anchor bolt. The major diameter 14 of the FRP reinforcing bar anchor bolt is larger than the diameter of the bottom hole 10 drilled in the wall, ensuring that there is friction between the FRP reinforcing bar anchor bolt and the bottom hole 10 in the wall before the adhesive at 12 is fully cured. This friction at least ensures that the anchor bolt assembly 7 will not become loose from the bottom hole 10 in the wall. Embodiment

[0033] First step, make the bottom hole 10 in the hollow brick wall 2 and the thermal insulation layer 3.

[0034] Second step, connect the tray assembly 5 with the FRP reinforcing bar anchor bolt to form the anchor bolt assembly 7.

[0035] Third step, use the connecting sleeve 16 on the capsule 8 to sleeve the front end of the FRP reinforcing bar anchor bolt, or first lower the capsule 8 into the bottom hole 10 in the thermal insulation layer 3 with the helmet 15 in front.

[0036] Fourth step, introduce the anchor bolt assembly into the bottom hole 10 in the direction with the capsule 8 in front.

[0037] Fifth step, apply force F to the tray 4. The anchor bolt assembly 7 with the capsule 8 enters the bottom hole 10 in the thermal insulation layer 3. Since the thermal insulation layer 3 has low hardness and high elasticity, the capsule 8 remains unbroken until the helmet 15 at the front end of the capsule 8 is stuck by the wall bottom hole opening 11. The wall thickness of the helmet 15 at the front end of the capsule 8 is large and the structural strength is high. Under the continuous push of the force F, the helmet 15 is stuck at the hole opening 11 and cannot move forward. The extrusion pressure on the adhesive 9 in the capsule 8 continuously increases and finally causes the capsule 8 to rupture, releasing the adhesive 9.

[0038] Sixth step, continue to apply force F. The anchor bolt assembly 7 continues to advance. The helmet 15 at the front end of the capsule 8 is torn from the other parts of the capsule 8. The top end of the anchor bolt assembly 7 pushes the remaining helmet 15 after the capsule 8 ruptures forward. In this process, the helmet 15 plays a role in closing the front wall bottom hole 10, ensuring that the flowing adhesive 9 is fully brought into the 12 position by the FRP reinforcing bar anchor bolt. Subsequently, the adhesive cures, making the FRP reinforcing bar anchor bolt firmly bonded to the wall bottom hole 10.

Claims

1. A method for anchoring a thermal insulation layer on an ultra-thin wall using a composite material, which relates to the technology of anchoring the thermal insulation layer on the wall, and is characterized in that: Replace the current structure of plastic expansion tube + steel nail with FRP reinforcement bars to make an FRP reinforcement bar anchor bolt. To increase the bonding strength between the FRP reinforcement bar anchor bolt and the wall, a capsule made of thermoplastic resin material is provided at the tip of the FRP reinforcement bar anchor bolt. The capsule contains an adhesive. During the process of the FRP reinforcement bar anchor bolt entering the wall, the capsule first passes through the insulation layer. Due to the certain strength of the capsule and the large elasticity and small resistance of the insulation layer, the capsule will not be squeezed and broken. Until the front end of the capsule contacts the wall and is stuck at the wall hole opening because its diameter is larger than the wall hole diameter and cannot enter the wall hole opening. Then it is broken by the top of the FRP reinforcement bar anchor bolt that continues to push forward, and the adhesive is brought into the space between the FRP reinforcement bar anchor bolt and the bottom hole of the wall. Subsequently, the adhesive solidifies, firmly bonding the FRP reinforcement bar anchor bolt to the bottom hole of the wall. (B) is the maximum outer contour diameter of the capsule (8), (9) is the adhesive in the capsule (8), (15) is the helmet with a larger wall thickness at the front end of the capsule (8), and the wall thickness of the helmet (15) is more than 1.2 times the thickness of other parts of the capsule (8). (16) is the connecting sleeve at the tail end of the capsule (8), and the connecting sleeve (16) sleeves the front end of the FRP reinforcement bar anchor bolt. The diameter of the bottom hole (10) drilled in the insulation layer (3) and the ultra-thin brick wall (2) is (C), and (C) < (B). Under the continuous push of the force (F), the helmet (15) is stuck at the hole opening (11) on the ultra-thin brick wall and cannot move forward. The extrusion force on the adhesive (9) in the capsule (8) continuously increases, eventually causing the capsule (8) to break and release the adhesive (9). Continuing to apply the force (F), the anchor bolt assembly (7) continues to push forward. The helmet (15) at the front end of the capsule (8) is torn from other parts of the capsule (8), and the adhesive (9) is fully brought into the place (12) by the FRP reinforcement bar anchor bolt. Subsequently, the adhesive solidifies, firmly bonding the FRP reinforcement bar anchor bolt to the bottom hole (10) of the wall.

2. The method for anchoring a thermal insulation layer on an ultra-thin wall using a composite material as claimed in claim 1, characterized in that: The connecting sleeve (16) on the capsule (8) sleeves the front end of the FRP reinforcement bar anchor bolt, and the anchor bolt assembly is introduced into the bottom hole (10) in the direction with the capsule (8) in front.

3. A method for anchoring a thermal insulation layer on an ultra-thin wall using a composite material, characterized in that: The capsule (8) is first lowered into the bottom hole (10) in the insulation layer (3) with the helmet (15) in front, and the anchor bolt assembly is introduced into the bottom hole (10).

4. A method for anchoring a thermal insulation layer on an ultra-thin wall using a composite material, characterized in that: The cross-section of the FRP reinforcement bar anchor bolt is non-circular, and its cross-sectional area is smaller than the cross-sectional area of the bottom hole of the wall, so that the FRP reinforcement bar anchor bolt can enter the bottom hole of the wall; the maximum outer contour diameter of the cross-section of the FRP reinforcement bar anchor bolt is larger than the diameter of the bottom hole of the wall, so that after the FRP reinforcement bar anchor bolt enters the bottom hole of the wall, a mutual extrusion force between the FRP reinforcement bar anchor bolt and the bottom hole of the wall can be obtained. This extrusion force brings the frictional force between the FRP reinforcement bar anchor bolt and the bottom hole of the wall, and this frictional force ensures that the FRP reinforcement bar anchor bolt will not be pulled out of the bottom hole of the wall before the adhesive solidifies.

5. The method for anchoring a thermal insulation layer on an ultra-thin wall using a composite material according to claim 1, characterized in that: The outer surface of the FRP tendon anchor bolt has threads, and the cross-sectional area of its cross-section is smaller than that of the bottom hole of the wall, enabling the FRP tendon anchor bolt to enter the bottom hole of the wall; the major diameter of its threads is larger than the diameter of the bottom hole of the wall, so that after the FRP tendon anchor bolt enters the bottom hole of the wall, a mutual extrusion force between the FRP tendon anchor bolt and the bottom hole of the wall can be obtained, and this extrusion force brings about the frictional force between the FRP tendon anchor bolt and the bottom hole of the wall, and this frictional force ensures that the FRP tendon anchor bolt will not be pulled out of the bottom hole of the wall before the binder cures.

6. The method for anchoring a thermal insulation layer on an ultra-thin wall using a composite material according to claim 1, characterized in that: The binder is sealed by a thermoplastic resin capsule, avoiding loss and curing before use and maintaining good fluidity within a specified period.

7. The method for anchoring a thermal insulation layer on an ultra-thin wall using a composite material as claimed in claim 1, wherein: The reinforcing fibers of the fiber-reinforced resin composite FRP tendon anchor bolt adopt inorganic non-metallic fiber materials or organic polymer materials without electronic heat conduction.

8. The method for anchoring a thermal insulation layer on an ultra-thin wall using a composite material as claimed in claim 1, characterized in that: The reinforcing fibers of the fiber-reinforced resin composite FRP tendon anchor bolt adopt glass fiber materials, that is: glass fiber-reinforced resin composite GFRP.

9. The method for anchoring a thermal insulation layer on an ultra-thin wall using a composite material according to claim 1, characterized in that: The reinforcing fibers of the fiber-reinforced resin composite FRP tendon anchor bolt adopt basalt fiber materials, that is: basalt fiber-reinforced resin composite BFRP.

10. A method for anchoring a thermal insulation layer on an ultra-thin wall using a composite material, characterized in that: The matrix resin of the fiber-reinforced resin composite FRP tendon anchor bolt adopts thermosetting organic resin, and it is in a cured state after manufacturing. The microscopic change is that the thermosetting organic resin polymer cross-links from a linear molecular structure into a spatial three-dimensional molecular structure, and the curing process is irreversible, and the aging speed in the natural environment is slow.

11. A method for anchoring a thermal insulation layer on an ultra-thin wall using a composite material, characterized in that: The fiber-reinforced resin composite FRP tendon anchor bolt can be combined with the tray body to form an anchor bolt assembly with a tray.

12. A method for anchoring a thermal insulation layer on an ultra-thin wall using a composite material, characterized in that: The outer cylindrical surface of the fiber-reinforced resin composite FRP tendon anchor bolt has external threads, and its external threads can cooperate with the internal threads of the tray body to form an anchor bolt assembly with a tray body.

13. A method for anchoring a thermal insulation layer on an ultra-thin wall using a composite material, characterized in that: The tray body is an integral body composed of a tray and a pipe. The tray body is made of stainless steel material and has excellent durability.

14. A method for anchoring a thermal insulation layer on an ultra-thin wall using a composite material, characterized in that: It can be applied to non-ultra-thin walls.

Images