Outward-floating type steel arch overall flexible unloading device and flexible unloading method

Abstract

The invention relates to the technical field of large steel structure unloading, and discloses an outward-floating type steel arch overall flexible unloading device and a flexible unloading method.The outward-floating type steel arch overall flexible unloading device comprises a steel arch support, a supporting jig frame and a hoisting piece; the supporting jig frame is placed on the upper side of the steel arch support, the supporting jig frame comprises a lateral support, a bottom support and a driving part, and a placing space for placing a steel arch is formed between the lateral support and the bottom support; the driving piece is configured to drive the lateral support and the bottom support to get away from or get close to each other; the hoisting piece is suitable for being connected with the outward-floating type steel arch and exerting upward pulling force on the outward-floating type steel arch. According to the method, the unloading thought is converted from dismantling of the supporting points to dismantling of the supporting points of the steel arch after the steel arch is integrally lifted, and then the whole steel arch is synchronously unloaded, so that the problem that the outward floating type steel arch is unloaded in the outward direction and the downward direction is perfectly solved by utilizing the unloading mode, the structure of the supporting points of the steel arch is simplified, and the working efficiency is improved. The unloading speed is increased, and the unloading safety coefficient is improved.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The invention relates to the technical field of large steel structure unloading, and in particular to an outward-floating steel arch integral flexible unloading device and a flexible unloading method. Background Art

[0002] In the construction process of large steel structures, after the assembly work is completed, the removal of the support brackets used for manufacturing is an essential and critical step. Before this, the overall load must be unloaded. Its core purpose is to smoothly and safely transfer the support load borne by the brackets to the steel structure itself to ensure the subsequent stability and functionality of the structure.

[0003] At present, the unloading of large steel structures mainly adopts two conventional methods: direct cutting off the support frame unloading and sand box unloading. The direct cutting off the support frame unloading method is generally suitable for specific locations that bear relatively small loads and small unloading displacements. The sand box unloading method is mainly used in situations where only vertical loads and displacements are borne, and the load distribution at each unloading point is relatively uniform.

[0004] However, for special large-scale steel structures such as long-span outward-flapping steel arch bridges, the unloading process faces many severe challenges. After unloading, the outward-flapping steel arch needs to be smoothly transformed from the initial manufacturing line shape to the final bridge line shape. In this process, the steel arch will simultaneously displace outward and downward. What is more complicated is that the size of the unloading load and the amplitude of the unloading displacement at different positions from the arch foot to the arch top show different characteristics. The traditional unloading method has significant disadvantages such as a relatively single unloading direction, inability to meet the multi-directional displacement requirements of the outward-flapping steel arch, and difficulty in accurately controlling the unloading process. As a result, it seems powerless when facing the unloading requirements of the outward-flapping steel arch, and it is difficult to ensure the safety, stability and efficiency of the unloading process.

[0005] Therefore, developing a new unloading device and method specifically for large-span outward-floating steel arch bridges to overcome the limitations of traditional unloading methods and meet their complex unloading needs has become an important issue that needs to be urgently addressed in the current field of large-scale steel structure construction. Summary of the invention

[0006] In view of this, the present invention provides an overall flexible unloading device and a flexible unloading method for an outward-flapping steel arch to solve the problem of unloading of a large-span outward-flapping steel arch bridge.

[0007] In a first aspect, the present invention provides an outward-floating steel arch integral flexible unloading device, comprising:

[0008] The steel arch support is suitable for being arranged on the lower side of the outward-floating steel arch;

[0009] The supporting framework is placed on the upper side of the steel arch support. The supporting framework includes lateral supports, bottom supports, and driving members. A placement space for placing the steel arch is formed between the lateral supports and the bottom supports, and the lateral supports and the bottom supports are respectively adapted to abut against the side edges and the bottom edge of the steel arch; the driving members are configured to drive the lateral supports and the bottom supports to move away from or close to each other;

[0010] The hoisting member is adapted to be connected to the cantilever steel arch. The hoisting member is configured to apply an upward pulling force to the cantilever steel arch and force the cantilever steel arch to separate from or abut against the supporting framework.

[0011] Advantageous effects: By forming a placement space for placing the steel arch between the lateral supports and the bottom supports, during the assembly of the cantilever steel arch, the driving members drive the lateral supports and the bottom supports to move closer to each other, so that a placement space is formed between the lateral supports and the bottom supports. Then, the cantilever steel arch is hoisted onto the supporting framework by the hoisting member for the overall assembly, welding, and painting work of the steel arch. During this process, the lateral supports and the bottom supports are respectively adapted to abut against the side edges and the bottom edge of the steel arch, thereby realizing the support for the cantilever steel arch. After all the assembly operations are completed, the unloading operation process of the cantilever steel arch is entered. In the unloading operation process of the cantilever steel arch, the hoisting member is configured to apply an upward pulling force to the cantilever steel arch until the cantilever steel arch separates from the supporting framework, and then the driving members are used to drive the lateral supports and the bottom supports to move away from each other, completing the full unloading of the overall load of the cantilever steel arch. Furthermore, the cantilever steel arch is smoothly transformed from the initial manufacturing alignment to the final bridge alignment. In this embodiment, by converting the unloading concept from the removal of the support points to lifting the entire steel arch and then removing the support points of the steel arch, and then unloading synchronously as a whole, this unloading method perfectly solves the problem of unloading the cantilever steel arch in two directions, outward and downward, simplifies the structure of the steel arch support points, speeds up the unloading speed, and improves the safety factor of unloading.

[0012] In an optional embodiment, the acting surfaces of the lateral supports and the acting surfaces of the bottom supports are both planes, and the acting surfaces of the lateral supports and the acting surfaces of the bottom supports are respectively inclined towards opposite sides to form the placement space.

[0013] Advantageous effects: Through the design that the acting surfaces of the lateral supports and the bottom supports are respectively inclined towards opposite sides, the two together enclose a placement space for placing the steel arch. This placement space is closely adapted to the contour of the cantilever steel arch, providing a stable and reliable support foundation for the steel arch during the steel arch assembly stage, and ensuring the safety and stability of the steel arch during the overall assembly, welding, and painting operations. Specifically, the acting surface of the lateral support is inclined to the left, and the acting surface of the bottom support is inclined to the right.

[0014] In an alternative embodiment, the lateral support and the bottom support have an initial position and an unloading protection position;

[0015] In the initial position, the cantilevered steel arch is only supported by the support falsework;

[0016] In the unloading protection position, the cantilevered steel arch is not subject to external forces or only subject to the upward pulling force of the hoisting member, and the lateral support and the bottom support are spaced apart from the cantilevered steel arch.

[0017] Advantageous effects: In the initial position, the lateral support and the bottom support support the cantilevered steel arch so that the cantilevered steel arch can be integrally assembled, welded, and painted. During the unloading operation, the hoisting member gradually applies an upward pulling force to the cantilevered steel arch until the cantilevered steel arch is separated from the lateral support and the bottom support; the driving member is started, and the driving member drives the lateral support and the bottom support to move to the unloading protection position, and then the cantilevered steel arch is integrally unloaded by using the hoisting member, and the hoisting member gradually reduces the acting force applied to the cantilevered steel arch; after each stage of unloading, the overall linear shape of the cantilevered steel arch is measured and compared with the linear shape after theoretical staged unloading, and after passing the inspection, subsequent staged unloading is carried out. And in the unloading protection position, the lateral support and the bottom support are spaced apart from the cantilevered steel arch. When the unloading reaches the theoretical position and there is still a load on the hoisting member, continue to slowly unload until the steel arch is completely lowered to the unloading protection position of the support falsework, and keep the load on the hoisting member to achieve the unloading protection of the cantilevered steel arch.

[0018] In an alternative embodiment, the number of the driving members is two and they are respectively arranged on the opposite sides of the lateral support and the bottom support, and the driving members drive the lateral support and the bottom support to move between the initial position and the unloading protection position.

[0019] In an alternative embodiment, at the unloading protection position, the distance between the lateral support and the bottom support and the theoretical unloading position of the cantilevered steel arch is 80 mm - 120 mm.

[0020] In an alternative embodiment, the hoisting member is adapted to be connected to the cantilevered steel arch at multiple points, and the pulling force applied by the hoisting member to the cantilevered steel arch gradually increases.

[0021] In an alternative embodiment, the pulling force applied by the hoisting member to the cantilevered steel arch is graded and loaded according to 30%, 30%, 20%, 10%, 5%, 5% of the rated unloading load.

[0022] In a second aspect, the present invention also provides an overall flexible unloading method for a cantilevered steel arch, which adopts the overall flexible unloading device for a cantilevered steel arch, and includes the following steps:

[0023] Connect the hoisting member to the cantilevered steel arch, and hoist the cantilevered steel arch to the support falsework through the hoisting member for overall assembly, welding, and painting of the steel arch; after all assembly operations are completed, enter the unloading operation process of the cantilevered steel arch;

[0024] Apply upward pulling force to the cantilevered steel arch step by step through the hoisting member until the cantilevered steel arch is separated from the support falsework;

[0025] Start the driving member, and the driving member drives the lateral support and the bottom support to move to a position 80 mm - 120 mm away from the theoretical unloading position of the cantilevered steel arch, and fix the lateral support and the bottom support to the top of the steel arch support;

[0026] Use the hoisting member to perform the overall unloading of the cantilevered steel arch, and the hoisting member gradually reduces the acting force applied to the cantilevered steel arch; after each stage of unloading, measure the overall linear shape of the cantilevered steel arch, compare it with the linear shape after theoretical staged unloading, and perform subsequent staged unloading after passing the inspection;

[0027] Repeat the above steps until all the overall loads of the cantilevered steel arch are unloaded; after the unloading is completed, complete the removal of the lateral support and the bottom support, remove the connection between the steel arch and the hoisting member, and the unloading operation ends.

[0028] In an alternative embodiment, in the step of applying upward pulling force to the cantilevered steel arch step by step through the hoisting member until the cantilevered steel arch is separated from the support falsework, the hoisting member applies upward pulling force step by step according to 30%, 30%, 20%, 10%, 5%, 5% of the rated unloading load;

[0029] In the step of using the hoisting member to perform the overall unloading of the cantilevered steel arch, the hoisting member gradually reduces the acting force applied to the cantilevered steel arch; after each stage of unloading, measure the overall linear shape of the cantilevered steel arch, compare it with the linear shape after theoretical staged unloading, and perform subsequent staged unloading steps after passing the inspection, the hoisting member gradually reduces the applied pulling force according to 30%, 30%, 20%, 10%, 5%, 5% of the rated unloading load.

[0030] In an alternative embodiment, after the step of using the hoisting member to perform the overall unloading of the cantilevered steel arch, the hoisting member gradually reduces the acting force applied to the cantilevered steel arch; after each stage of unloading, measure the overall linear shape of the cantilevered steel arch, compare it with the linear shape after theoretical staged unloading, and perform subsequent staged unloading steps after passing the inspection, further includes:

[0031] When unloading to the theoretical position and there is still load on the lifting member, continue to unload slowly until the steel arch is completely lowered to the unloading protection position of the support jig, and maintain the load on the lifting member; in this case, the lateral support and the bottom support serve as the protection supports during the unloading of the cantilever steel arch until the next unloading instruction is conveyed. Brief Description of the Drawings

[0032] In order to more clearly illustrate the specific embodiments of the present invention or the technical solutions in the prior art, the following will briefly introduce the drawings required for use in the description of the specific embodiments or the prior art. Obviously, the drawings in the following description are some embodiments of the present invention. For those of ordinary skill in the art, without creative efforts, other drawings can also be obtained based on these drawings.

[0033] Figure 1 The front view of an overall flexible unloading device for a cantilever steel arch according to an embodiment of the present invention;

[0034] Figure 2 The schematic diagram of the connection mode between an overall flexible unloading device for a cantilever steel arch and the cantilever steel arch according to an embodiment of the present invention;

[0035] Figure 3 The front view of the support jig in an overall flexible unloading device for a cantilever steel arch according to an embodiment of the present invention;

[0036] Figure 4 The schematic diagram of the preparation before the movement of the support jig in an overall flexible unloading device for a cantilever steel arch according to an embodiment of the present invention;

[0037] Figure 5 The schematic diagram of the unloading protection principle of the support jig in an overall flexible unloading device for a cantilever steel arch according to an embodiment of the present invention.

[0038] Description of the Reference Numerals:

[0039] 1, steel arch support; 201, lateral support; 202, bottom support; 203, driving member; 204, towing ear; 3, lifting member; 4, cantilever steel arch. Detailed Embodiments

[0040] Embodiment 1

[0041] To make the objectives, technical solutions, and advantages of the embodiments of the present invention clearer, the following will clearly and completely describe the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention with reference to the drawings in the embodiments of the present invention. Obviously, the described embodiments are some, but not all, of the embodiments of the present invention. Based on the embodiments of the present invention, all other embodiments obtained by those of ordinary skill in the art without creative efforts fall within the scope of protection of the present invention.

[0042] During the construction of large steel structures, after the assembly operation is completed, removing the brackets used for support during manufacturing is an essential key step. Before this, the unloading operation of the overall load must be carried out. Its core purpose is to smoothly and safely transfer the support load borne by the brackets to the interior of the steel structure itself to ensure the subsequent stability and functionality of the structure.

[0043] Currently, the unloading of large steel structures mainly adopts two conventional methods: directly cutting the support falsework for unloading and sand box unloading. The unloading method of directly cutting the support falsework is generally applicable to specific positions that bear relatively small loads and have a small unloading displacement amplitude. The sand box unloading method is mainly applied to the situation where only vertical loads and displacements are borne, and the load distribution at each unloading point is relatively uniform.

[0044] However, for special large steel structures such as long-span outward floating steel arch bridges, the unloading process faces many severe challenges. After the outward floating steel arch 4 is unloaded, it needs to smoothly transform from the initial manufacturing alignment to the final bridge alignment. During this process, the steel arch will displace in both the outward and downward directions simultaneously. More complex is that at different positions from the arch foot to the arch top, the magnitudes of the unloading loads and the amplitudes of the unloading displacements show different characteristics. Traditional unloading methods, due to their significant disadvantages such as a relatively single unloading direction, inability to meet the multi-directional displacement requirements of the outward floating steel arch 4, and difficulty in precisely controlling the unloading process, are unable to handle the unloading requirements of the outward floating steel arch 4 effectively and are difficult to ensure the safety, stability, and efficiency of the unloading process.

[0045] Therefore, this embodiment provides an overall flexible unloading device for an outward floating steel arch. The following combines Figures 1 to 5 , to describe the embodiments of the present invention.

[0046] According to an embodiment of the present invention, there is provided an overall flexible unloading device for an outward floating steel arch, as Figures 1 to 3 shown, including a steel arch support 1, a support falsework, and a hoisting member 3. The steel arch support 1 is adapted to be arranged on the lower side of the outward floating steel arch 4; the support falsework is placed on the upper side of the steel arch support 1. The support falsework includes a lateral support 201, a bottom support 202, and a driving member 203. A placement space for placing the steel arch is formed between the lateral support 201 and the bottom support 202, and the lateral support 201 and the bottom support 202 are respectively adapted to abut against the side and bottom edges of the steel arch; the driving member 203 is configured to drive the lateral support 201 and the bottom support 202 to move away from or close to each other; the hoisting member 3 is adapted to be connected to the outward floating steel arch 4, and the hoisting member 3 is configured to apply an upward pulling force to the outward floating steel arch 4 and force the outward floating steel arch 4 to separate from or abut against the support falsework.

[0047] In this embodiment, the steel arch supports 1 and the supporting jigs are arranged in pairs, and several pairs of steel arch supports 1 and supporting jigs are provided on the lower side of the cantilevered steel arch 4. The supporting jig includes a lateral support 201, a bottom support 202 and a driving member 203. A placement space for placing the steel arch is formed between the lateral support 201 and the bottom support 202. When the cantilevered steel arch 4 is assembled, the driving member 203 drives the lateral support 201 and the bottom support 202 to approach each other, so that a placement space is formed between the lateral support 201 and the bottom support 202. Then, the cantilevered steel arch 4 is hoisted onto the supporting jig by a hoisting member 3 for the overall assembly, welding and painting of the steel arch. During this process, the lateral support 201 and the bottom support 202 are respectively adapted to abut against the side and bottom edges of the steel arch, thereby realizing the support for the cantilevered steel arch 4. After all the assembly operations are completed, the unloading operation process of the cantilevered steel arch 4 is entered. In the unloading operation process of the cantilevered steel arch 4, the hoisting member 3 is configured to apply an upward pulling force to the cantilevered steel arch 4 until the cantilevered steel arch 4 is separated from the supporting jig, and then the driving member 203 drives the lateral support 201 and the bottom support 202 to move away from each other, completing the complete unloading of the overall load of the cantilevered steel arch 4. Thus, the cantilevered steel arch 4 is smoothly transformed from the initial manufacturing alignment to the final bridge alignment. In this embodiment, by converting the unloading concept from the removal of the support points to lifting the entire steel arch and then removing the support points of the steel arch, and then unloading synchronously as a whole, this unloading method perfectly solves the problem of unloading the cantilevered steel arch 4 in two directions, outward and downward, simplifies the structure of the steel arch support points, speeds up the unloading speed and improves the safety factor of unloading.

[0048] Among them, the steel arch support 1, as the basic load-bearing part of the entire unloading device, its shape and size are customized according to the specific structural characteristics of the cantilevered steel arch 4 to ensure that it can be stably arranged on the lower side of the cantilevered steel arch 4 and provide a reliable support platform for the upper support structure. It is made of high-strength steel and has excellent compressive and anti-deformation capabilities, sufficient to withstand the huge loads from the supporting jig and the steel arch during the unloading process.

[0049] It can be understood that when the lateral support 201 and the bottom support 202 support the cantilevered steel arch 4, they should be fixed to the steel arch support 1 to prevent the lateral support 201 and the bottom support 202 from moving. Specifically, bolt holes can be provided on the steel arch support 1, and the lateral support 201 and the bottom support 202 are fixed to the steel arch support 1 through bolts.

[0050] In one embodiment, the acting surfaces of the lateral support 201 and the bottom support 202 are both planes, and the acting surfaces of the lateral support 201 and the bottom support 202 are respectively inclined towards opposite sides to form a placement space.

[0051] Through the design that the acting surfaces of the lateral support 201 and the bottom support 202 are inclined towards opposite sides respectively, the two jointly enclose a placement space for placing the steel arch. This placement space closely fits the contour of the cantilevered steel arch 4, providing a stable and reliable support foundation for the steel arch during the steel arch assembly stage, ensuring the safety and stability of the steel arch during operations such as overall assembly, welding, and painting. Specifically, the acting surface of the lateral support 201 is inclined to the left, and the acting surface of the bottom support 202 is inclined to the right.

[0052] As Figure 3 shown, the lateral support 201 includes a bracket and a acting plate fixedly connected to the bracket. The acting plate is used to abut against the cantilevered steel arch 4, and the acting plate is inclined to the left. The bottom support 202 also includes a bracket and a acting plate fixedly connected to the bracket. The acting plate is used to abut against the cantilevered steel arch 4, and the acting plate is inclined to the right.

[0053] In one embodiment, the lateral support 201 and the bottom support 202 have an initial position and an unloading protection position; in the initial position, the cantilevered steel arch 4 is not subject to external forces or is only supported by the support jig; in the unloading protection position, the cantilevered steel arch 4 is only subject to the upward pulling force of the hoisting member 3, and the lateral support 201 and the bottom support 202 are spaced apart from the cantilevered steel arch 4.

[0054] As Figure 3 and Figure 4 shown in the structure, the lateral support 201 and the bottom support 202 are in the initial position. At the initial position, the lateral support 201 and the bottom support 202 support the cantilevered steel arch 4 so that the cantilevered steel arch 4 can carry out overall assembly, welding, and painting work. As Figure 5 shown, the lateral support 201 and the bottom support 202 are in the unloading protection position, Figure 5 in which the solid line of the cantilevered steel arch 4 represents the position of the cantilevered steel arch 4 before unloading, Figure 5 and the dotted line of the cantilevered steel arch 4 in Figure 3 and Figure 4The initial position shown forms a placement space between the lateral support 201 and the bottom support 202. Then, the outward floating steel arch 4 is hoisted onto the support jig by the hoisting member 3 for the overall assembly, welding, and painting of the steel arch. During this process, the lateral support 201 and the bottom support 202 are respectively adapted to abut against the side and bottom edges of the steel arch, thereby realizing the support for the outward floating steel arch 4. During the unloading operation, the hoisting member 3 gradually applies an upward pulling force to the outward floating steel arch 4 until the outward floating steel arch 4 is separated from the lateral support 201 and the bottom support 202; the driving member 203 is activated, and the driving member 203 drives the lateral support 201 and the bottom support 202 to move to Figure 5 the unloading protection position shown. Then, the overall unloading of the outward floating steel arch 4 is carried out using the hoisting member 3, and the hoisting member 3 gradually reduces the acting force applied to the outward floating steel arch 4; after each stage of unloading, the overall linear shape of the outward floating steel arch 4 is measured and compared with the linear shape after theoretical staged unloading. After passing the inspection, subsequent staged unloading is carried out until the unloading is completed and the outward floating steel arch is free from external forces. And at the unloading protection position, the lateral support 201 and the bottom support 202 are spaced apart from the outward floating steel arch 4. When there is still a load on the hoisting member 3 when unloading to the theoretical position, continue to slowly unload until the steel arch is completely lowered to the unloading protection position of the support jig, and maintain the load on the hoisting member 3 to achieve the unloading protection for the outward floating steel arch 4.

[0055] In one embodiment, the number of driving members 203 is two and they are respectively arranged on the opposite sides of the lateral support 201 and the bottom support 202. The driving member 203 drives the lateral support 201 and the bottom support 202 to move between the initial position and the unloading protection position.

[0056] As Figures 3 to 5 shown, the number of driving members 203 is two, and the two driving members 203 are respectively arranged on the left and right sides of the lateral support 201 and the bottom support 202. When it is necessary to drive the lateral support 201 and the bottom support 202 to move to the initial position, the driving member 203 on the left is connected to the bottom support 202, and the driving member 203 on the right is connected to the lateral support 201. The driving member 203 is activated to pull the lateral support 201 and the bottom support 202 closer to each other until they are fixed to the steel arch support 1 after moving to the initial position. When it is necessary to drive the lateral support 201 and the bottom support 202 to move to the unloading protection position, the driving member 203 on the left is connected to the lateral support 201, and the driving member 203 on the right is connected to the bottom support 202. The driving member 203 is activated to pull the lateral support 201 and the bottom support 202 away from each other until they are fixed to the steel arch support 1 after moving to the unloading protection position. Among them, two lifting lugs are provided on both the lateral support 201 and the bottom support 202, and the driving member 203 is a winch. The driving member 203 is connected to the lateral support 201 and the bottom support 202 by means of a steel cable connecting the lifting lugs.

[0057] As Figures 3 to 5 shown, at the unloading protection position, the lateral support 201 and the bottom support 202 are spaced 80 mm - 120 mm from the theoretical unloading position of the cantilevered steel arch 4. As Figure 5 shown in the structure, the dotted line of the cantilevered steel arch 4 represents the theoretical unloading position of the cantilevered steel arch 4. The lateral support 201 and the bottom support 202 are spaced 80 mm - 120 mm from the theoretical unloading position of the cantilevered steel arch 4. Further, when the cantilevered steel arch 4 is unloaded to the theoretical position and there is still a load on the lifting member 3, continue to slowly unload until the steel arch is completely lowered to the unloading protection position of the support jig, and maintain the load on the lifting member 3 to achieve the unloading protection of the cantilevered steel arch 4. Preferably, the lateral support 201 and the bottom support 202 are spaced 100 mm from the theoretical unloading position of the cantilevered steel arch 4.

[0058] In one embodiment, the lifting member 3 is adapted to be connected to the cantilevered steel arch 4 at multiple points, and the pulling force applied by the lifting member 3 to the cantilevered steel arch 4 gradually increases. As Figure 1 and Figure 2 shown, the lifting member 3 uses a gantry crane. The number of lifting members 3 is set to two, and each lifting member 3 is fixed to the cantilevered steel arch 4 through three points. Among them, lifting lugs are fixed on the cantilevered steel arch 4, and the lifting member 3 is connected to the cantilevered steel arch 4 through the lifting lugs. Among them, the fixed position of the lifting lug can satisfy both the hoisting and turning of the steel arch segment and the overall unloading of the steel arch. The design load of the lifting lug can cover both the hoisting and unloading of the steel arch segment.

[0059] In one embodiment, the pulling force applied by the lifting member 3 to the cantilevered steel arch 4 is graded and loaded according to 30%, 30%, 20%, 10%, 5%, 5% of the rated unloading load.

[0060] Embodiment 2

[0061] This embodiment provides a method for the overall flexible unloading of the cantilevered steel arch 4, using the overall flexible unloading device of the cantilevered steel arch 4 in Embodiment 1, including the following steps:

[0062] Connect the lifting member 3 to the cantilevered steel arch 4, and hoist the cantilevered steel arch 4 to the support jig through the lifting member 3 for the overall assembly, welding, and painting work of the steel arch; after all the assembly operations are completed, enter the unloading operation process of the cantilevered steel arch 4;

[0063] The lifting member 3 gradually applies an upward pulling force to the cantilevered steel arch 4 until the cantilevered steel arch 4 is separated from the support jig;

[0064] Start the driving member 203. The driving member 203 drives the lateral support 201 and the bottom support 202 to move to a position 80 mm - 120 mm away from the theoretical unloading position of the cantilevered steel arch 4, and fixes the lateral support 201 and the bottom support 202 to the top of the steel arch support 1;

[0065] Use the hoisting member 3 to perform the overall unloading of the cantilevered steel arch 4. The hoisting member 3 gradually reduces the acting force applied to the cantilevered steel arch 4; after each level of unloading, measure the overall linear shape of the cantilevered steel arch 4, compare it with the linear shape after theoretical staged unloading, and perform subsequent staged unloading after passing the inspection;

[0066] Repeat the above steps until the overall load of the cantilevered steel arch 4 is completely unloaded; after the unloading is completed, remove the lateral support 201 and the bottom support 202, remove the connection between the steel arch and the hoisting member 3, and the unloading operation ends.

[0067] In one embodiment, in the step of the hoisting member 3 gradually applying an upward pulling force to the cantilevered steel arch 4 until the cantilevered steel arch 4 is separated from the support falsework, the hoisting member 3 applies an upward pulling force step by step according to 30%, 30%, 20%, 10%, 5%, 5% of the rated unloading load; during this process, observe the fit between the steel arch and the support falsework, and keep loading until the steel arch structure is separated from the support falsework, and the lifting and unloading action of the hoisting member 3 stops. At this time, all the loads of the cantilevered steel arch 4 are transferred from the support falsework to the hook of the hoisting member 3, and the fabricated linear shape does not change.

[0068] When using the hoisting member 3 to perform the overall unloading of the cantilevered steel arch 4, the hoisting member 3 gradually reduces the acting force applied to the cantilevered steel arch 4; after each level of unloading, measure the overall linear shape of the cantilevered steel arch 4, compare it with the linear shape after theoretical staged unloading, and perform subsequent staged unloading steps after passing the inspection. The hoisting member 3 reduces the applied pulling force step by step according to 30%, 30%, 20%, 10%, 5%, 5% of the rated unloading load. After each level of unloading, measure the overall linear shape of the cantilevered steel arch 4, compare it with the linear shape after theoretical staged unloading, and perform subsequent staged unloading after passing the inspection. Repeat the above steps until the overall load of the cantilevered steel arch 4 is completely unloaded. After the unloading is completed, remove the lateral support 201 and the bottom support 202, remove the connection between the steel arch and the hoisting member 3, and the unloading operation ends.

[0069] In one embodiment, when using the hoisting member 3 to perform the overall unloading of the cantilevered steel arch 4, the hoisting member 3 gradually reduces the acting force applied to the cantilevered steel arch 4; after each level of unloading, measure the overall linear shape of the cantilevered steel arch 4, compare it with the linear shape after theoretical staged unloading, and perform subsequent staged unloading steps after passing the inspection, and further include:

[0070] When unloading to the theoretical position and there is still a load on the hoisting member 3, continue to unload slowly to completely lower the steel arch to the unloading protection position of the support jig, and maintain the load on the hoisting member 3; in this case, the lateral support 201 and the bottom support 202 serve as the protection supports during the unloading of the outrigger steel arch 4 until the next unloading instruction is conveyed, so as to avoid sudden instability of the steel arch caused by malfunctions of the hoisting member 3 or other situations and protect the safety of the steel arch unloading.

[0071] Although the embodiments of the present invention have been described in conjunction with the accompanying drawings, those skilled in the art can make various modifications and variations without departing from the spirit and scope of the present invention, and such modifications and variations fall within the scope defined by the appended claims.

Claims

1. An externally floating integral flexible unloading device for a steel arch, characterized in that, Comprising: A steel arch support (1), adapted to be disposed on the lower side of the cantilevered steel arch (4); A supporting jig, placed on the upper side of the steel arch support (1), the supporting jig including a lateral support (201), a bottom support (202) and a driving member (203), a placement space for placing the steel arch is formed between the lateral support (201) and the bottom support (202), and the lateral support (201) and the bottom support (202) are respectively adapted to abut against the side and the bottom of the steel arch; the driving member (203) is configured to drive the lateral support (201) and the bottom support (202) to move away from or close to each other; A hoisting member (3), adapted to be connected to the cantilevered steel arch (4), the hoisting member (3) is configured to apply an upward pulling force to the cantilevered steel arch (4) and force the cantilevered steel arch (4) to separate from or abut against the supporting jig.

2. The overall flexible unloading device for the outward floating steel arch according to claim 1, wherein The acting surfaces of the lateral support (201) and the bottom support (202) are both flat surfaces, and the acting surfaces of the lateral support (201) and the bottom support (202) are respectively inclined towards opposite sides to form the placement space.

3. The overall flexible unloading device for the outward-floating steel arch according to claim 1 or 2, characterized in that, The lateral support (201) and the bottom support (202) have an initial position and an unloading protection position; In the initial position, the cantilevered steel arch (4) is only supported by the supporting jig; In the unloading protection position, the cantilevered steel arch (4) is not subject to external forces or only subject to the upward pulling force of the hoisting member (3), and the lateral support (201) and the bottom support (202) are spaced from the cantilevered steel arch (4).

4. The overall flexible unloading device for the outward floating steel arch according to claim 3, characterized in that, The number of the driving members (203) is two and they are respectively disposed on opposite sides of the lateral support (201) and the bottom support (202), and the driving members (203) drive the lateral support (201) and the bottom support (202) to move between the initial position and the unloading protection position.

5. The overall flexible unloading device for the outwardly cantilevered steel arch according to claim 4, characterized in that, In the unloading protection position, the distance between the lateral support (201) and the bottom support (202) and the theoretical unloading position of the cantilevered steel arch (4) is between 80 mm and 120 mm.

6. The overall flexible unloading device for the outward floating steel arch according to claim 1 or 2, characterized in that, The hoisting member (3) is adapted to be connected to the cantilevered steel arch (4) at multiple points, and the pulling force applied by the hoisting member (3) to the cantilevered steel arch (4) increases gradually.

7. The overall flexible unloading device for the outwardly floating steel arch according to claim 6, characterized in that, The pulling force applied by the hoisting member (3) to the cantilevered steel arch (4) is loaded in grades according to 30%, 30%, 20%, 10%, 5%, and 5% of the rated unloading load.

8. An overall flexible unloading method for an outward floating steel arch, which uses the overall flexible unloading device for the outward floating steel arch described in any one of claims 1-7, and is characterized in that, Including the following steps: Connect the hoisting member (3) to the cantilevered steel arch (4), and hoist the cantilevered steel arch (4) to the supporting jig through the hoisting member (3) to perform the overall assembly, welding, and painting work of the steel arch; after all assembly operations are completed, enter the unloading operation process of the cantilevered steel arch (4); The hoisting member (3) gradually applies an upward pulling force to the cantilevered steel arch (4) until the cantilevered steel arch (4) separates from the supporting jig; Start the driving member (203). The driving member (203) drives the lateral support (201) and the bottom support (202) to move to a position 80 mm - 120 mm away from the theoretical unloading position of the cantilevered steel arch (4), and fixes the lateral support (201) and the bottom support (202) to the top of the steel arch support (1). Use the hoisting member (3) to perform the overall unloading of the cantilevered steel arch (4). The hoisting member (3) gradually reduces the acting force applied to the cantilevered steel arch (4). After each level of unloading, measure the overall linear shape of the cantilevered steel arch (4) and compare it with the linear shape after theoretical step-by-step unloading. After passing the inspection, proceed with the subsequent step-by-step unloading. Repeat the above steps until the overall load of the cantilevered steel arch (4) is completely unloaded. After the unloading is completed, remove the lateral support (201) and the bottom support (202), and remove the connection between the steel arch and the hoisting member (3). The unloading operation ends.

9. The overall flexible unloading method for the outward floating steel arch according to claim 8, characterized in that In the step where the hoisting member (3) gradually applies an upward pulling force to the cantilevered steel arch (4) until the cantilevered steel arch (4) is separated from the support falsework, the hoisting member (3) applies upward pulling forces step by step according to 30%, 30%, 20%, 10%, 5%, 5% of the rated unloading load. In the process of using the hoisting member (3) to perform the overall unloading of the cantilevered steel arch (4), the hoisting member (3) gradually reduces the acting force applied to the cantilevered steel arch (4). After each level of unloading, measure the overall linear shape of the cantilevered steel arch (4) and compare it with the linear shape after theoretical step-by-step unloading. After passing the inspection, in the subsequent step-by-step unloading process, the hoisting member (3) reduces the applied pulling force step by step according to 30%, 30%, 20%, 10%, 5%, 5% of the rated unloading load.

10. The overall flexible unloading method for the outward floating steel arch according to claim 9, characterized in that, In the process of using the hoisting member (3) to perform the overall unloading of the cantilevered steel arch (4), the hoisting member (3) gradually reduces the acting force applied to the cantilevered steel arch (4). After each level of unloading, measure the overall linear shape of the cantilevered steel arch (4) and compare it with the linear shape after theoretical step-by-step unloading. After passing the inspection, in the subsequent step-by-step unloading process, it further includes: When the unloading reaches the theoretical position and there is still load on the hoisting member (3), continue to slowly unload until the steel arch is completely lowered to the unloading protection position of the support falsework, and maintain the load on the hoisting member (3). In this case, the lateral support (201) and the bottom support (202) serve as the protection supports during the unloading of the cantilevered steel arch (4) until the next unloading instruction is conveyed.

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