High-flame-retardant fireproof door based on basalt fibers

Abstract

The invention provides a high-flame-retardant fireproof door based on basalt fibers. The high-flame-retardant fireproof door comprises an outer door plate, an inner door plate and a door frame clamped between the outer door plate and the inner door plate. The outer door plate and the inner door plate are both made of resin and basalt fibers in a composite mode, the basalt fibers are high in melting point and excellent in flame retardant property, the flame retardant effect is further enhanced in cooperation with the resin, and the door plate is endowed with high flame retardance. The door frame is composed of an outer door frame and an inner door frame attached to the inner side wall of the outer door frame, reinforcing plates and a filling layer are arranged in the inner door frame, and the reinforcing plates enhance the structural strength of the door frame, can disperse stress and prevent deformation. The filling layer is made of heat insulation materials, and heat conduction is effectively prevented. Through unique material selection and structural design, the fireproof door has the advantages of being high in flame retardance, good in structural strength, excellent in heat insulation, relatively light in weight and the like, the door body can be kept complete for a long time in a fire disaster, and flames and high-temperature smoke are blocked.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present invention relates to the technical field of building fire safety, and particularly relates to a highly flame-retardant fire door based on basalt fiber. Background Art

[0002] In the prior art, traditional fire doors often have many deficiencies when facing high-temperature environments such as fires. On the one hand, the flame-retardant performance of the materials used in traditional fire doors is limited. During a fire, they cannot effectively prevent the spread of flames and the transfer of high temperatures, and it is difficult to maintain the structural integrity and heat insulation performance of the door body for a long time, resulting in the rapid spread of the fire and threatening the lives and property safety of the people inside the building. On the other hand, the structural strength of some fire doors is insufficient. After being exposed to high temperatures, external force impacts, or long-term use, they are prone to deformation, cracking, or even damage, reducing the reliability and service life of the fire doors. In addition, during the design and manufacturing process of some fire doors, the comprehensive performance of the materials and the rationality of the structure are not fully considered, resulting in a relatively large overall weight of the fire doors, high installation and maintenance costs, and problems such as poor sealing during use, affecting their fire prevention effect. Therefore, how to develop a fire door with high flame-retardant performance, good structural strength, and excellent comprehensive performance has become an urgent technical problem to be solved currently. Summary of the Invention

[0003] The purpose of the present invention is to provide a highly flame-retardant fire door based on basalt fiber to solve the problems of poor flame-retardant performance, insufficient structural strength, large weight, and poor sealing performance of existing fire doors, and improve the fire safety and reliability of fire doors.

[0004] The above technical purpose of the present invention is achieved through the following technical solutions: A highly flame-retardant fire door based on basalt fiber, comprising an outer door panel, an inner door panel, and a door frame clamped between the outer door panel and the inner door panel; Both the outer door panel and the inner door panel are made of a composite of resin and basalt fiber; The door frame includes an outer door frame and an inner door frame disposed within the outer door frame and fitting against the inner side wall of the outer door frame; The inner door frame is provided with a reinforcing plate and a filling layer, and the reinforcing plate is embedded inside the filling layer.

[0005] Further, the outer door frame is composed of multiple straight plates combined, and each straight plate is connected by mortise and tenon joints.

[0006] Further, both the outer door frame and the inner door frame are made of PVC or LVL materials.

[0007] Further, the filling layer is a PU foam material, and the door frame is provided with filling holes that penetrate through it.

[0008] Further, the reinforcing plate is connected to the inner wall of the inner door frame only at its left and right sides, and is spaced from the inner wall of the inner door frame at its upper and lower sides.

[0009] Further, the reinforcing plate includes a main body plate that is parallel to both the outer door panel and the inner door panel, and two folded edges formed by vertically bending the two side edges of the main body plate. Both of the two folded edges are in interference extrusion fit with the inner wall of the inner door frame.

[0010] Further, a plurality of holes are evenly distributed on the main body plate.

[0011] Further, a plurality of positioning holes are formed on the folded edge.

[0012] Further, a plurality of transverse and equally spaced ribs are formed on the main body plate by a rib pressing process.

[0013] Compared with the prior art, the beneficial effects of the present invention are as follows: The outer door panel and the inner door panel of the present invention are made of a composite of resin and basalt fiber. The flame retardant property of the basalt fiber enables the door panel to maintain the integrity of the door body for a long time during a fire, effectively blocking the penetration of flames and high-temperature smoke, and winning precious time for personnel evacuation and fire fighting and rescue, greatly improving the fire safety of the building. And the basalt fiber has the characteristics of low density and high strength. The outer door panel and the inner door panel made of a composite with resin are relatively light in weight while ensuring high strength and flame retardant performance. This not only facilitates the installation and transportation of the fire door, reduces the installation and maintenance costs, but also reduces the load-bearing burden on the building door frame, which is beneficial to the overall structural safety of the building.

[0014] The door frame of the present invention adopts a structure combining an outer door frame and an inner door frame, and the setting of the reinforcing plate and the filling layer in the inner door frame greatly enhances the overall strength and stability of the door frame. The reinforcing plate can effectively disperse stress, maintain the shape and structure of the door frame, ensure that the fire door can be normally closed and play a sealing performance under various harsh environments, and improve the reliability and service life of the fire door.

[0015] The filling layer of the present invention has a good heat insulation effect, can effectively prevent high temperature from transferring to the other side of the door body, reduce the temperature difference between the two sides of the door body, reduce the influence of heat on the interior of the building, provide a relatively safe environment for the indoor personnel, and at the same time reduce the damage degree of the fire to the interior facilities of the building. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0016] Figure 1 is the front view of the fire door of the present invention; Figure 2 is Figure 1 the cross-sectional view at A-A of Figure 3 is Figure 1 a sectional view taken along line B-B of Figure 4 an assembly drawing of the fire door frame and the reinforcement plate of the present invention; Figure 5 is Figure 4 a sectional view taken along line C-C of Figure 6 is Figure 4 a sectional view taken along line D-D of Figure 7 is Figure 4 an enlarged view of part E of Figure 8 a detailed structural drawing of the fire door reinforcement plate of the present invention.

[0017] In the figure: 1, outer door panel; 2, inner door panel; 3, outer door frame; 4, inner door frame; 5, filling layer; 6, reinforcement plate; 601, main body plate; 602, holes; 603, ribs; 604, flanges; 605, positioning holes; 7, filling holes. Detailed Embodiments

[0018] The embodiments of the present invention will be described in detail below. Examples of the embodiments are shown in the drawings, where the same or similar reference numerals denote the same or similar elements or elements having the same or similar functions throughout. The embodiments described below with reference to the drawings are exemplary and are intended to explain the present invention and should not be construed as limiting the present invention.

[0019] In the description of the present invention, it should be understood that the orientation or positional relationship indicated by the terms "length", "width", "upper", "lower", "front", "rear", "left", "right", "vertical", "horizontal", "top", "bottom", "inner", "outer", etc. is based on the orientation or positional relationship shown in the drawings, and is only for the convenience of describing the present invention and simplifying the description, rather than indicating or implying that the device or element referred to must have a specific orientation, be constructed and operated in a specific orientation, and thus should not be construed as limiting the present invention.

[0020] In addition, the terms "first" and "second" are only used for descriptive purposes and should not be construed as indicating or implying relative importance or implicitly indicating the number of the indicated technical features. Thus, the features defined with "first" and "second" may explicitly or implicitly include one or more of such features. In the description of the present invention, "a plurality" means two or more unless otherwise specifically defined.

[0021] In the present invention, unless otherwise clearly specified and defined, terms such as "installation", "connection", "linkage", "fixation" shall be understood in a broad sense. For example, it may be a fixed connection, a detachable connection, or an integral one; it may be a mechanical connection or an electrical connection; it may be a direct connection or an indirect connection through an intermediate medium, and it may be the internal communication of two components or the interaction relationship between two components. For those of ordinary skill in the art, the specific meanings of the above terms in the present invention can be understood according to specific circumstances.

[0022] Please refer to Figures 1-8 , this embodiment provides a highly flame-retardant fire door based on basalt fiber, including an outer door panel 1, an inner door panel 2, and a door frame sandwiched between the outer door panel 1 and the inner door panel 2. Among them, both the outer door panel 1 and the inner door panel 2 are made of resin and basalt fiber composites. Basalt fiber itself has excellent flame-retardant properties, with a high melting point and is not easily combustible in a high-temperature environment, which can effectively prevent the spread of flames. After the resin and basalt fiber are compounded, the flame-retardant effect of the door panel is further enhanced, enabling the fire door to maintain the integrity of the door body for a long time during a fire, effectively blocking the penetration of flames and high-temperature smoke, winning precious time for personnel evacuation and fire fighting and rescue, greatly improving the fire safety of buildings. Moreover, basalt fiber has the characteristics of low density and high strength. The outer door panel 1 and the inner door panel 2 made of resin composites are relatively light in weight while ensuring high strength and flame-retardant performance. This not only facilitates the installation and transportation of the fire door, reduces the installation and maintenance costs, but also reduces the load-bearing burden on the building door frame, which is beneficial to the overall structural safety of the building; Specifically, when a fire occurs, the flames come into contact with the outer door panel 1 and the inner door panel 2 made of resin and basalt fiber composites. Due to its own chemical composition and crystal structure, basalt fiber has an extremely high melting point and excellent thermal stability, and will not burn or decompose rapidly like ordinary organic materials in a high-temperature environment. The resin will undergo certain physical and chemical changes at high temperatures, but after being compounded with basalt fiber, the two work together to form an effective flame-retardant barrier. Basalt fiber can prevent the direct spread of flames, and at the same time, the carbonized layer formed by the resin at high temperatures can also play a role in heat insulation and flame retardancy, further slowing down the erosion of the flames and high temperatures on the interior of the door body, thus ensuring that the fire door maintains its structural integrity for a long time and preventing the spread of the fire.

[0023] The door frame includes an outer door frame 3 and an inner door frame 4 disposed within the outer door frame 3 and fitting against the inner side wall of the outer door frame 3. An inner reinforcing plate 6 and a filling layer 5 are provided within the inner door frame 4. The reinforcing plate 6 is embedded within the filling layer 5. The filling layer 5 can be made of a porous heat-insulating material, such that the setting of the filling layer 5 not only enhances the structural strength of the door frame but also has a good heat-insulating effect. During a fire, when high temperature is transmitted to the door frame, the pores in the filling layer 5 will impede the rapid transmission of heat, causing the heat to continuously reflect and scatter within the material, thereby greatly reducing the transmission speed and quantity of heat to the other side of the door body. At the same time, the basalt fibers in the outer door panel 1 and the inner door panel 2 themselves also have certain heat-insulating properties, which, acting together with the filling layer 5, form an efficient heat-insulating system, effectively maintaining the temperature difference on both sides of the door body and reducing the impact of high temperature on the interior of the building. Moreover, this structure also greatly enhances the overall strength and stability of the door frame, enabling it to withstand large external force impacts and high-temperature effects without deformation or damage. In extreme situations such as a fire, the reinforcing plate 6 can effectively disperse stress, maintain the shape and structure of the door frame, ensure the normal closing and sealing performance of the fire door, and further improve the reliability and service life of the fire door.

[0024] Specifically, the outer door frame 3 of the door frame plays a major supporting and fixing role, providing a stable installation foundation for the entire fire door. The inner door frame 4 is disposed within the outer door frame 3 and fits against the inner side wall of the outer door frame 3, increasing the overall thickness and strength of the door frame. The reinforcing plate 6 within the inner door frame 4 is embedded within the filling layer 5. The reinforcing plate 6 is usually made of a high-strength metal material or other materials with good mechanical properties. When the fire door is subjected to external force impacts or high-temperature effects, the reinforcing plate 6 can withstand and disperse stress, preventing the door frame from deforming. The filling layer 5 plays a filling and buffering role. It can not only enhance the structural stability of the door frame but also absorb and disperse external forces to a certain extent, further protecting the integrity of the door frame and the door body. Through this multi-layered structural design, it is ensured that the fire door can maintain a stable structural form under various harsh environments and normally perform its fire prevention function.

[0025] Furthermore, as Figure 4 and Figure 7As shown, the outer door frame 3 is composed of multiple straight plates, and each straight plate is connected by mortise and tenon joints. This ensures that when installing the outer door frame 3, there is no need for complex welding equipment or a large number of fasteners (such as bolts, nuts, etc.). Construction workers only need to accurately align the tenons on the straight plates with the mortises on the corresponding straight plates to quickly complete the connection between the straight plates, greatly simplifying the installation process. Compared with the welding method, there is no need for cumbersome welding preparation work (such as cleaning the welding area, debugging welding equipment, etc.) and subsequent weld treatment (such as grinding, rust prevention treatment, etc.); compared with bolt connection, the step of tightening bolts one by one is also omitted. This not only improves the installation efficiency, shortens the construction period, but also reduces the requirements for the professional skills of construction workers, and reduces labor costs and time costs.

[0026] Furthermore, both the outer door frame 3 and the inner door frame 4 are made of PVC or LVL materials. In practical applications, according to factors such as the specific requirements of the building, the use environment, and the budget, PVC or LVL materials can be flexibly selected to make the outer door frame 3 and the inner door frame 4. For example, in some places that are more sensitive to costs and have a relatively mild environment, PVC materials can be selected; while in places with higher requirements for strength and stability and that pay attention to environmental protection, LVL materials can be selected. By providing two material options, manufacturers can optimize the overall performance of the fire door according to the characteristics of different materials. For example, on the premise of ensuring fire resistance performance, taking advantage of the light weight and cost advantages of PVC materials, or the high strength and stability advantages of LVL materials, so that the fire door can achieve a balance between performance and cost while meeting the needs of different customers.

[0027] Furthermore, the filling layer 5 is made of PU foam material. There are through filling holes 7 on the door frame for injecting the foam material into the door frame. First of all, the PU foam material belongs to porous heat insulation material, which has a large number of fine and independent bubble structures inside. When a fire occurs, the high temperature is transmitted to the door frame, and the pores in the PU foam material will greatly hinder the rapid transmission of heat. When the heat passes through these pores, it will continuously reflect and scatter inside the material, greatly reducing the transmission speed and quantity of heat to the other side of the door body. Compared with relying only on the heat insulation performance of the basalt fibers in the outer door panel 1 and the inner door panel 2, the addition of the PU foam material forms a more efficient heat insulation system. This multi-level heat insulation mechanism can effectively maintain the temperature difference on both sides of the door body, reduce the impact of high temperature on the interior of the building, provide more reliable protection for the people and property inside the building, and significantly improve the heat insulation effect of the fire door in case of fire. Secondly, after curing, the PU foam material will form a foam structure with certain hardness and strength, which can tightly fill the space inside the inner door frame 4 and be closely combined with the reinforcement plate 6 and the door frame structure. This filling effect not only increases the overall thickness of the door frame, but also enhances the structural strength and stability of the door frame. When subjected to external force impact, the PU foam material can play a role in buffering and dispersing stress, work together with the reinforcement plate 6 to jointly bear the external force, and prevent the door frame from deforming or being damaged. At the same time, in a high-temperature environment, the PU foam material can also maintain a certain structural integrity, providing guarantee for the normal closing and sealing performance of the fire door in extreme situations such as fire, and further improving the reliability and service life of the fire door.

[0028] Furthermore, as Figure 4 shown, the reinforcement plate 6 is only connected to the inner wall of the inner door frame 4 at the left and right sides, and its upper and lower sides are both spaced from the inner wall of the inner door frame 4. This design provides sufficient and open space for the filling of the foam material, enabling the foam material to be filled into the entire space of the inner door frame 4 smoothly without too much obstruction during the injection process. The operator does not need to perform complex operations to ensure uniform filling of the foam material, reducing the difficulty of the injection process. The reinforcement plate 6 can be made of galvanized steel sheet, which itself has relatively high strength and hardness and can withstand large external forces. During the use of the fire door, whether it is the daily opening and closing operations or the impact force that may be received in extreme situations such as fire, the galvanized steel sheet reinforcement plate 6 can effectively disperse and bear these stresses, preventing the door frame from deforming or being damaged, thus ensuring the structural integrity and normal use function of the fire door.

[0029] Furthermore, as Figure 8As shown in the figure, the reinforcing plate 6 includes a main body plate 601 that is parallel to both the outer door panel 1 and the inner door panel 2, and two folded edges 604 formed by vertically bending the two side edges of the main body plate 601. Both of the two folded edges 604 are in interference extrusion fit with the inner wall of the inner door frame 4. The main body plate 601 is parallel to the outer door panel 1 and the inner door panel 2. This design enables the reinforcing plate 6 to evenly bear the pressure and stress from the door panel direction. When the fire door is subjected to external force impacts, such as being pushed by people, collided by objects, or internal stress generated by thermal expansion during a fire, the parallelly arranged main body plate 601 can effectively transfer these forces to the folded edges 604 connected thereto, and then disperse them to the entire door frame structure. The folded edges 604 are in interference extrusion fit with the inner wall of the inner door frame 4. This tight connection method increases the friction and bonding force between the reinforcing plate 6 and the inner door frame 4, enabling the reinforcing plate 6 to be firmly fixed within the inner door frame 4, significantly improving the overall strength and rigidity of the door frame, preventing the door frame from deforming or twisting when stressed, and ensuring that the fire door can maintain a stable structural form under various harsh environments. Moreover, the design of the folded edges 604 of the reinforcing plate 6 also makes its installation process more convenient. The construction workers only need to insert the folded edges 604 of the reinforcing plate 6 into the inner door frame 4 and, by utilizing the characteristics of the interference extrusion fit, can quickly and accurately complete the installation of the reinforcing plate 6 without using complex tools or performing cumbersome debugging. This installation method reduces the requirements for the professional skills of the construction workers and decreases the installation time and labor costs.

[0030] Further, as Figure 8As shown, a number of holes 602 are evenly distributed on the main body plate 601. These holes 602 provide more attachment points and anchoring positions for the foaming material during the curing process. When the PU foaming material is injected into the inner door frame 4 and fills around the reinforcement plate 6, the foaming material will penetrate into these holes 602. After the foaming material cures, the foaming material in the holes 602 forms a tight mechanical bite with the hole 602 walls. This biting effect greatly enhances the bonding force between the foaming material and the reinforcement plate 6, making the two a more solid whole. Compared with the reinforcement plate 6 without holes 602, this bonding method can effectively prevent the separation or loosening between the foaming material and the reinforcement plate 6 during external force impact or long-term use, thus ensuring the stability and reliability of the door frame structure. And because the foaming material is more tightly bonded to the reinforcement plate 6, the two can work better together to jointly bear external forces. When the fire door is subjected to impact force or internal stress generated by high-temperature expansion, the reinforcement plate 6 and the foaming material can disperse and transfer stress as a whole, effectively improving the overall strength and anti-deformation ability of the door frame. This enhanced overall strength enables the fire door to maintain a good structural form in various harsh environments, ensuring the normal function of its fire prevention function. In addition, the existence of the holes 602 also provides a flow channel for the foaming material during the injection process, enabling the foaming material to flow more smoothly to all parts of the reinforcement plate 6. When injecting the foaming material, the foaming material can be evenly distributed around the reinforcement plate 6 through the holes 602, avoiding uneven filling or dead corners. Compared with the reinforcement plate 6 without holes 602, this uniform filling effect can ensure that the foaming material fully exerts its filling and buffering functions, improving the structural stability and heat insulation performance of the door frame.

[0031] Furthermore, as Figure 8 shown, a number of positioning holes 605 are provided on the folded edge 604. These positioning holes 605 provide convenient and reliable connection points for fixing the folded edge 604 to the inner door frame 4. During the actual installation process, construction workers can drive nails or screw screws into the positioning holes 605 to firmly fix the folded edge 604 of the reinforcement plate 6 to the inner door frame 4. This fixing method is simple and direct, without complicated processes, and can effectively enhance the connection strength between the reinforcement plate 6 and the inner door frame 4, preventing loosening or displacement between the reinforcement plate 6 and the inner door frame 4 due to external forces (such as door body switch vibration, fire high-temperature expansion force, etc.) during long-term use, ensuring the stability of the overall door frame structure, and thus ensuring that the fire door can stably perform its fire prevention function in various environments.

[0032] Furthermore, as Figure 8As shown, several transverse and equally spaced rib strips 603 are formed on the main body plate 601 by the rib pressing process. These rib strips 603 increase the rigidity of the reinforcement plate 6, enabling it to withstand greater external forces. During the daily use of the fire door, the frequent opening and closing operations will generate certain impact forces. The presence of the rib strips 603 can effectively disperse these impact forces, preventing the reinforcement plate 6 from deforming or being damaged due to long-term stress. Moreover, the rib strips 603 also increase the surface roughness and surface area of the reinforcement plate 6. When the PU foaming material is injected into the inner door frame 4 and fills around the reinforcement plate 6, the foaming material will come into full contact with the surface of the rib strips 603. After the foaming material cures, a tight mechanical bite is formed between the rib strips 603 and the foaming material. This biting effect greatly enhances the bonding force between the foaming material and the reinforcement plate 6, making the two a more solid whole. Compared with the reinforcement plate 6 without the rib strips 603, this bonding method can effectively prevent the separation or loosening between the foaming material and the reinforcement plate 6 during external force impact or long-term use, thus ensuring the stability and reliability of the door frame structure. Since the foaming material is more tightly bonded to the reinforcement plate 6, the two can work better together to jointly bear external forces. When the fire door is subjected to impact forces or internal stresses generated by high-temperature expansion, the reinforcement plate 6 and the foaming material can disperse and transfer stresses as a whole, effectively improving the overall strength and anti-deformation ability of the door frame. In addition, the rib strips 603 also form a regular stress dispersion network on the reinforcement plate 6. When the fire door is subjected to external forces, the stress will be evenly distributed along the direction of the rib strips 603, avoiding stress concentration in local areas. This uniform stress distribution method can effectively reduce the risk of local damage to the reinforcement plate 6 during stress application and extend the service life of the reinforcement plate 6. At the same time, the presence of the rib strips 603 can also guide the stress transfer path, enabling the stress to be transferred to other parts of the door frame more smoothly, thereby improving the stress-bearing capacity of the entire door frame structure.

[0033] This specific embodiment is only an explanation of the present invention and is not a limitation thereof. Those skilled in the art can make modifications to this embodiment without creative contributions according to needs after reading this specification, but as long as it is within the scope of the claims of the present invention, it is protected by the patent law.

Claims

1. A highly flame-retardant fire door based on basalt fiber, characterized in that: It includes an outer door panel (1), an inner door panel (2), and a door frame clamped between the outer door panel (1) and the inner door panel (2); Both the outer door panel (1) and the inner door panel (2) are made of a composite of resin and basalt fiber; The door frame includes an outer door frame (3) and an inner door frame (4) disposed inside the outer door frame (3) and fitting against the inner side wall of the outer door frame (3); A reinforcing plate (6) and a filling layer (5) are provided inside the inner door frame (4), and the reinforcing plate (6) is embedded inside the filling layer (5).

2. The high flame-retardant fire door based on basalt fiber according to claim 1, wherein: The outer door frame (3) is composed of multiple straight plates combined, and each of the straight plates is connected by mortise and tenon joints.

3. The high-fire-retardant fire door based on basalt fiber according to claim 1 is characterized in that: Both the outer door frame (3) and the inner door frame (4) are made of PVC or LVL material.

4. A highly flame-retardant fire door based on basalt fiber according to claim 1, characterized in that: The filling layer (5) is a PU foaming material, and filling holes (7) are formed through the door frame.

5. A highly flame-retardant fire door based on basalt fiber according to claim 1, characterized in that: The reinforcing plate (6) is only connected to the inner wall of the inner door frame (4) at its left and right sides, and its upper and lower sides are both spaced from the inner wall of the inner door frame (4).

6. The high-flame-retardant fire door based on basalt fiber according to claim 1, wherein: The reinforcing plate (6) includes a main body plate (601) parallel to both the outer door panel (1) and the inner door panel (2), and two folded edges (604) vertically bent from the two side edges of the main body plate (601), and both of the two folded edges (604) are in interference extrusion fit with the inner wall of the inner door frame (4).

7. A highly flame-retardant fire door based on basalt fiber according to claim 6, characterized in that: A number of holes (602) are evenly distributed on the main body plate (601).

8. The high-flame-retardant fire door based on basalt fiber according to claim 6 is characterized in that: A number of positioning holes (605) are formed on the folded edge (604).

9. The highly flame-retardant fire door based on basalt fiber according to claim 6, characterized in that: A number of transverse and equally spaced rib strips (603) are formed on the main body plate (601) by a rib pressing process.

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