Multi-gear power head and rock drilling equipment

Abstract

The invention discloses a multi-gear power head and rock drilling equipment. Comprising a mounting shell, a rotation driving assembly arranged on the mounting shell and used for outputting various rotating speeds, and a gear shifting gear set arranged in the mounting shell and connected with the output end of the rotation driving assembly. The bit shank is connected with the output end of the gear shifting gear set, the impact assembly is arranged on the mounting shell and used for driving the movable end to reciprocate in the mounting shell so as to apply impact force to the bit shank, and the gear shifting gear set is used for selecting different gears to be meshed so as to change the transmission ratio when the driving assembly outputs at a low rotating speed; according to the scheme, the installation shell, the rotation driving assembly, the gear shifting gear set, the bit shank and the impact assembly cooperate to drive the drilling tool to rotate and impact, compared with the prior art, the tooth punching probability is low during gear shifting, advanced hole exploration and coring working conditions can be considered, variable-speed gear shifting within a large rotating speed range can be achieved, the drilling efficiency is high under the complex geological condition, practicability is high, and the drilling cost is low. The method is suitable for wide popularization and application.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present invention relates to the technical field of rock drilling equipment, and in particular, to a multi-gear power head. In addition, the present invention also relates to an advanced drill including the above multi-gear power head. Background Art

[0002] The power head is a device that connects the drill pipe and applies pressure to push forward in the rock drilling equipment, and is used to drive the drill tool to rotate and impact. The advanced drill in the rock drilling equipment mainly has two working conditions: advanced exploration hole and core extraction. The advanced exploration hole working condition requires the power head to have the functions of low-speed high torque and impact rock breaking. The power head provides impact power for the drill bit at the front end, and then the drill bit impacts the rock layer to break the rock. Then, when rotating at low speed with high torque, the teeth on the drill bit evenly impact the rock layer, and it is easy to get stuck when the torque is insufficient; the core extraction working condition mainly features the high-speed rotation of the power head, and the core column is formed by high-speed grinding and cutting the rock layer to achieve core extraction; and to adapt to complex geological conditions such as tunnels, culverts, and roadways, the power head needs to output different speeds within a large speed range.

[0003] However, the existing power head changes the speed by changing the reduction ratio of the reducer during the gear shifting process. During gear shifting, it is easy to occur that the gears are not engaged properly, the gears are damaged by hitting, and the gear shifting is not in place, resulting in gear damage, seriously affecting the gear life, and unable to achieve speed change and gear shifting within a large speed range. This makes the rock drilling equipment unable to take into account both the advanced exploration hole and core extraction construction, and the drilling efficiency is low under complex geological conditions such as tunnels, culverts, and roadways. Summary of the Invention

[0004] The present invention provides a multi-gear power head and a rock drilling equipment to solve the technical problems that the gears of the power head are easily damaged by hitting during gear shifting in the existing rock drilling equipment, the rock drilling equipment cannot take into account both the advanced exploration hole and core extraction working conditions, cannot achieve speed change and gear shifting within a large speed range, and the drilling efficiency is low under complex geological conditions.

[0005] According to one aspect of the present invention, a multi-gear power head is provided, which includes a mounting housing, a driving and rotating assembly arranged on the mounting housing for outputting multiple speeds, a gear shifting gear set arranged in the mounting housing and connected to the output end of the driving and rotating assembly, a tool shank connected to the output end of the gear shifting gear set, and an impact assembly arranged on the mounting housing for driving a movable end to reciprocate in the mounting housing to apply an impact force to the tool shank. The gear shifting gear set is used to select different gears to engage to change the transmission ratio when the driving and rotating assembly outputs at a low speed.

[0006] As a further improvement of the above technical solution:

[0007] Further, the driving and rotating assembly is a two-speed hydraulic motor for realizing two-speed output. The shifting gear set includes an input shaft connected to the output end of the driving and rotating assembly, a first driving gear rotatably sleeved on the input shaft, a second driving gear rotatably arranged on the input shaft and spaced apart from the first driving gear, a first shifting mechanism splined with the input shaft and arranged between the first driving gear and the second driving gear for engaging with the first driving gear or the second driving gear when the driving and rotating assembly outputs at a low speed, an intermediate gear shaft arranged in the installation housing and meshing with the first driving gear and the second driving gear respectively, a third driving gear rotatably sleeved on the intermediate gear shaft, a fourth driving gear rotatably sleeved on the intermediate gear shaft and spaced apart from the third driving gear, a second shifting mechanism splined with the intermediate gear shaft and arranged between the third driving gear and the fourth driving gear for engaging with the third driving gear or the fourth driving gear when the driving and rotating assembly outputs at a low speed, and an output gear shaft arranged on the installation housing and meshing with the third driving gear and the fourth driving gear respectively. The transmission ratio between the first driving gear and the intermediate gear shaft is less than or greater than the transmission ratio between the second driving gear and the intermediate gear shaft, and the transmission ratio between the third driving gear and the output gear shaft is less than or greater than the transmission ratio between the fourth driving gear and the output gear shaft. The output gear shaft is fixedly connected to the tool shank.

[0008] Further, the first shifting mechanism includes a shifting oil cylinder, a shifting fork connected to the output end of the shifting oil cylinder, and a clutch rotatably connected to the shifting fork and splined with the input shaft.

[0009] Further, the first shifting mechanism further includes a positioning signal rod connected to the shifting fork for adjusting the extending length extending out of the installation housing along with the movement of the shifting fork.

[0010] Further, the shifting oil cylinder includes an oil delivery pipe, a movable sleeve rotatably sleeved on the oil delivery pipe and fixedly connected to the shifting fork, an annular protrusion protruding from the oil delivery pipe for limiting the movable sleeve, and an oil delivery channel opened on the oil delivery pipe for driving the movable sleeve to move relative to the oil delivery pipe after inputting hydraulic oil.

[0011] Further, a first oil chamber is formed by enclosing the first end of the annular protrusion, the outer wall of the oil delivery pipe and the movable sleeve, a second oil chamber is formed by enclosing the second end of the annular protrusion, the outer wall of the oil delivery pipe and the movable sleeve, and there are two oil delivery channels, and the two oil delivery channels are respectively communicated with the first oil chamber and the second oil chamber.

[0012] Further, the driving and rotating assembly is two two-speed hydraulic motors arranged in series and parallel for realizing four rotational speed outputs. The shifting gear set includes an input shaft connected to the output end of the driving and rotating assembly, a first transmission gear rotatably sleeved on the input shaft, a second transmission gear rotatably arranged on the input shaft and spaced from the first transmission gear, a first shifting mechanism in spline fit with the input shaft and arranged between the first transmission gear and the second transmission gear for meshing with the first transmission gear or the second transmission gear when the driving and rotating assembly outputs at a low rotational speed, and an output gear shaft arranged on the mounting housing and meshing with the first transmission gear and the second transmission gear respectively. The transmission ratio between the first transmission gear and the output gear shaft is less than or greater than the transmission ratio between the second transmission gear and the output gear shaft. The output gear shaft is fixedly connected to the drill tail.

[0013] Further, the impact assembly includes an impact piston movably arranged in the mounting housing and a hydraulic driving member arranged on the mounting housing for outputting hydraulic oil to drive the impact piston to reciprocate.

[0014] Further, the impact assembly further includes an accumulator respectively connected to the hydraulic driving member and the impact piston.

[0015] According to another aspect of the present invention, a rock drilling equipment is further provided, which includes the multi-gear power head described above.

[0016] The present invention has the following beneficial effects:

[0017] For the multi-gear power head of the present invention, the driving and rotating assembly, the shifting gear set and the impact assembly are installed through the mounting housing. In the coring working condition, the driving and rotating assembly outputs at a high rotational speed, and the power is transmitted to the drill tail through the shifting gear set with a large transmission ratio to realize high-speed rotary coring. When the coring working condition needs to be switched to the advanced exploration hole working condition, the driving and rotating assembly outputs at a low rotational speed. At this time, the shifting gear set selects another gear to transmit the power with a small transmission ratio to the drill tail, and at the same time, the impact assembly drives the movable end to reciprocate in the mounting housing to apply an impact force to the drill tail to realize low-speed advanced exploration hole, so as to take into account both the advanced exploration hole and the coring working condition; multiple rotational speed outputs are realized through the driving and rotating assembly, and multiple sets of transmission ratios are transmitted through the shifting gear set by changing the transmission ratio. The combination of multiple rotational speeds and multiple sets of transmission ratios can realize variable speed shifting within a large rotational speed range, thereby improving the drilling efficiency under complex geological conditions such as tunnels, culverts, and roadways; and during the variable speed shifting process of the shifting gear set, it is all carried out when the hydraulic motor outputs at a low rotational speed, the gear meshing is smooth, the probability of gear hitting during shifting is reduced, and the service life of the gear is increased; in this solution, the mounting housing, the driving and rotating assembly, the shifting gear set, the drill tail and the impact assembly cooperate with each other to drive the drill to rotate and impact. Compared with the prior art, the probability of gear hitting during shifting is low, it can take into account both the advanced exploration hole and the coring working condition, it can realize variable speed shifting within a large rotational speed range, the drilling efficiency under complex geological conditions is high, the practicability is strong, and it is suitable for wide promotion and application.

[0018] In addition to the purposes, features and advantages described above, the present invention has other purposes, features and advantages. The present invention will be further described in detail below with reference to the drawings. Description of the Drawings

[0019] The drawings forming a part of this application are used to provide a further understanding of the present invention. The schematic embodiments of the present invention and their descriptions are used to explain the present invention and do not constitute an improper limitation to the present invention. In the drawings:

[0020] Figure 1 is a schematic structural view of a multi-gear power head according to a first preferred embodiment of the present invention;

[0021] Figure 2 is Figure 1 a schematic cross-sectional structural view of the multi-gear power head shown;

[0022] Figure 3 is a schematic structural view of a first shifting mechanism in the multi-gear power head according to a preferred embodiment of the present invention;

[0023] Figure 4 is a schematic structural view of a shifting oil cylinder in the multi-gear power head according to a preferred embodiment of the present invention;

[0024] Figure 5 is a schematic structural view of a multi-gear power head according to a second preferred embodiment of the present invention.

[0025] Legend Explanation:

[0026] 100, mounting housing; 200, driving and rotating assembly; 300, shifting gear set; 310, input shaft; 320, first transmission gear; 330, second transmission gear; 340, first shifting mechanism; 341, shifting oil cylinder; 3411, oil delivery pipe; 3412, movable sleeve; 3413, annular protrusion; 342, shifting fork; 343, clutch; 344, positioning signal rod; 350, intermediate gear shaft; 360, third transmission gear; 370, fourth transmission gear; 380, second shifting mechanism; 390, output gear shaft; 400, tool steel shank; 500, impact assembly. Detailed Description of the Embodiments

[0027] The embodiments of the present invention will be described in detail below with reference to the drawings, but the present invention can be implemented in many different ways defined and covered by the following.

[0028] First Embodiment:

[0029] As Figure 1 and Figure 2As shown in the figure, the multi-gear power head of this embodiment includes an installation housing 100, a driving and rotating assembly 200 arranged on the installation housing 100 for outputting multiple rotation speeds, a shifting gear set 300 arranged inside the installation housing 100 and connected to the output end of the driving and rotating assembly 200, a tool shank 400 connected to the output end of the shifting gear set 300, and an impact assembly 500 arranged on the installation housing 100 for driving the movable end to reciprocate inside the installation housing 100 to apply an impact force to the tool shank 400. The shifting gear set 300 is used to select different gears to mesh when the driving and rotating assembly 200 outputs at a low rotation speed to change the transmission ratio.

[0030] As Figure 1 and Figure 2 As shown in the figure, specifically, for the multi-gear power head of the present invention, the driving and rotating assembly 200, the shifting gear set 300, and the impact assembly 500 are installed through the installation housing 100. In the coring working condition, the driving and rotating assembly 200 outputs at a high rotation speed, and the power is transmitted to the tool shank 400 through the shifting gear set 300 with a large transmission ratio to achieve high-speed rotary coring. Under the advanced exploration hole condition, the driving and rotating assembly 200 outputs at a low rotation speed. At this time, the shifting gear set 300 selects another gear to transmit power to use a small transmission ratio to transmit the power to the tool shank 400. At the same time, the impact assembly 500 drives the movable end to reciprocate inside the installation housing 100 to apply an impact force to the tool shank 400 to achieve low-speed advanced exploration holes, thus taking into account both the advanced exploration hole and the coring working conditions. By the driving and rotating assembly 200 to achieve multiple rotation speed outputs and the shifting gear set 300 to achieve multiple sets of transmission ratios to transmit power by changing the transmission ratio, the combination of multiple rotation speeds and multiple sets of transmission ratios can achieve variable speed shifting within a large rotation speed range, thereby improving the drilling efficiency under complex geological conditions such as tunnels, culverts, and roadways. Moreover, during the process of variable speed shifting of the shifting gear set 300, it is carried out when the hydraulic motor outputs at a low rotation speed, the gear meshing is smooth, the probability of gear clash during shifting is reduced, and the service life of the gears is increased. This solution drives the drill to rotate and impact through the coordinated cooperation of the installation housing 100, the driving and rotating assembly 200, the shifting gear set 300, the tool shank 400, and the impact assembly 500. Compared with the prior art, the probability of gear clash during shifting is low, it can take into account both the advanced exploration hole and the coring working conditions, can achieve variable speed shifting within a large rotation speed range, has high drilling efficiency under complex geological conditions, strong practicability, and is suitable for wide promotion and application.

[0031] It should be understood that when the driving and rotating assembly 200 still needs to output at a high rotation speed after the shifting is completed, the driving and rotating assembly 200 can first output at a low rotation speed so that after the shifting gear set 300 is adjusted to the corresponding transmission ratio, the driving and rotating assembly 200 outputs at a high rotation speed.

[0032] As Figure 1 and Figure 2As shown, in this embodiment, the drive and rotation assembly 200 is a two-speed hydraulic motor for realizing two-speed output. The shift gear set 300 includes an input shaft 310 connected to the output end of the drive and rotation assembly 200, a first drive gear 320 rotatably sleeved on the input shaft 310, a second drive gear 330 rotatably arranged on the input shaft 310 and spaced apart from the first drive gear 320, a first shift mechanism 340 spline-fitted with the input shaft 310 and arranged between the first drive gear 320 and the second drive gear 330 for engaging with the first drive gear 320 or the second drive gear 330 when the drive and rotation assembly 200 outputs at a low speed, an intermediate gear shaft 350 arranged in the installation housing 100 and meshing with the first drive gear 320 and the second drive gear 330 respectively, a third drive gear 360 rotatably sleeved on the intermediate gear shaft 350, a fourth drive gear 370 rotatably sleeved on the intermediate gear shaft 350 and spaced apart from the third drive gear 360, a second shift mechanism 380 spline-fitted with the intermediate gear shaft 350 and arranged between the third drive gear 360 and the fourth drive gear 370 for engaging with the third drive gear 360 or the fourth drive gear 370 when the drive and rotation assembly 200 outputs at a low speed, and an output gear shaft 390 arranged on the installation housing 100 and meshing with the third drive gear 360 and the fourth drive gear 370 respectively. The transmission ratio between the first drive gear 320 and the intermediate gear shaft 350 is less than or greater than the transmission ratio between the second drive gear 330 and the intermediate gear shaft 350, and the transmission ratio between the third drive gear 360 and the output gear shaft 390 is less than or greater than the transmission ratio between the fourth drive gear 370 and the output gear shaft 390. The output gear shaft 390 is fixedly connected to the tool shank 400.

[0033] Specifically, the two-speed hydraulic motor can achieve high and low speed outputs by changing the displacement. When driving the input shaft 310 to rotate, when the low speed output is required and a gear shift is needed, it meshes with the first transmission gear 320 or the second transmission gear 330 through the first gear shifting mechanism 340, so as to drive the first transmission gear 320 or the second transmission gear 330 to rotate synchronously when the input shaft 310 rotates. The power is transmitted to the intermediate gear shaft 350 through the first transmission gear 320, or the power is transmitted to the intermediate gear through the second transmission gear 330. Since the transmission ratio between the first transmission gear 320 and the intermediate gear shaft 350 is less than or greater than the transmission ratio between the second transmission gear 330 and the intermediate gear shaft 350, the input shaft 310 can transmit power to the intermediate gear shaft 350 through two transmission ratios; it meshes with the third transmission gear 360 or the fourth transmission gear 370 through the second gear shifting mechanism 380, so as to drive the first transmission gear 320 or the second transmission gear 330 to rotate synchronously when the intermediate gear shaft 350 rotates. The power is transmitted to the output gear shaft 390 through the third transmission gear 360, or the power is transmitted to the output gear shaft 390 through the fourth transmission gear 370. Since the transmission ratio between the third transmission gear 360 and the output gear shaft 390 is less than or greater than the transmission ratio between the fourth transmission gear 370 and the output gear shaft 390, the intermediate gear shaft 350 can transmit power to the output gear shaft 390 through two transmission ratios, so as to drive the tool shank 400 to work through the output gear shaft 390; through the high and low speed outputs of the two-speed hydraulic motor, four sets of transmission ratios are used to transmit power through the first gear shifting mechanism 340 and the second gear shifting mechanism 380, so as to achieve the speed output of eight gears; and when the first gear shifting mechanism 340 meshes with the first transmission gear 320 or the second transmission gear 330, and the second gear shifting mechanism 380 meshes with the third transmission gear 360 or the fourth transmission gear 370, when the two-speed hydraulic motor outputs at a low speed, it is ensured that the first gear shifting mechanism 340 meshes smoothly with the first transmission gear 320 or the second transmission gear 330, and the second gear shifting mechanism 380 meshes smoothly with the third transmission gear 360 or the fourth transmission gear 370.

[0034] As Figure 3 shown, in this embodiment, the first gear shifting mechanism 340 includes a shifting oil cylinder 341, a shifting fork 342 connected to the output end of the shifting oil cylinder 341, and a clutch 343 rotatably connected to the shifting fork 342 and spline-fitted with the input shaft 310. Specifically, the moving direction of the output end of the shifting oil cylinder 341 is parallel to the axis of the input shaft 310. By the operation of the shifting oil cylinder 341, the shifting fork 342 is driven to move along the axis of the output shaft, so that the clutch 343 meshes with the first transmission gear 320 or the second transmission gear 330, so as to drive the first transmission gear 320 or the second transmission gear 330 to rotate synchronously when the input shaft 310 rotates, thereby changing the transmission ratio between the input shaft 310 and the intermediate gear shaft 350.

[0035] It should be understood that the structure of the second shifting mechanism 380 is the same as or similar to that of the first shifting mechanism 340.

[0036] As Figure 3 shown, in this embodiment, the first shifting mechanism 340 further includes a positioning signal rod 344 connected to the shifting fork 342 and used to adjust the extending length outside the mounting housing 100 as the shifting fork 342 moves. Specifically, one end of the positioning signal rod 344 extends outside the mounting housing 100. When the shifting oil cylinder 341 drives the shifting fork 342 to move, so as to drive the clutch 343 to move and engage with the first transmission gear 320 or the second transmission gear 330, it can be judged whether the shifting is successfully completed by observing the extending length of the positioning signal rod 344.

[0037] As Figure 4 shown, in this embodiment, the shifting oil cylinder 341 includes an oil delivery pipe 3411, a movable sleeve 3412 sleeved on the oil delivery pipe 3411 and fixedly connected to the shifting fork 342, an annular protrusion 3413 protruding from the oil delivery pipe 3411 for limiting the movable sleeve 3412, and an oil delivery channel opened on the oil delivery pipe 3411 for inputting hydraulic oil to drive the movable sleeve 3412 to move relative to the oil delivery pipe 3411. Specifically, after the hydraulic oil enters the oil delivery channel on the oil delivery pipe 3411, it can drive the movable sleeve 3412 to move relative to the oil delivery pipe 3411, and then drive the shifting fork 342 to move relative to the oil delivery pipe 3411, so that the clutch 343 engages with the first transmission gear 320 or the second transmission gear 330.

[0038] As Figure 4 shown, in this embodiment, a first oil chamber is formed by enclosing the first end of the annular protrusion 3413, the outer wall of the oil delivery pipe 3411 and the movable sleeve 3412, a second oil chamber is formed by enclosing the second end of the annular protrusion 3413, the outer wall of the oil delivery pipe 3411 and the movable sleeve 3412, and there are two oil delivery channels, and the two oil delivery channels are respectively communicated with the first oil chamber and the second oil chamber. Specifically, by inputting hydraulic oil into the oil delivery channel of the oil delivery pipe 3411 into the first oil chamber, the volume of the first oil chamber can be increased, so as to push the movable sleeve 3412 to move relative to the oil delivery pipe 3411. By inputting hydraulic oil into the oil delivery channel of the oil delivery pipe 3411 into the second oil chamber, the volume of the second oil chamber can be increased, so as to push the movable sleeve to move relative to the oil delivery pipe 3411.

[0039] As Figure 1 and Figure 2As shown in the figure, in this embodiment, the impact assembly 500 includes an impact piston movably disposed in the mounting housing 100 and a hydraulic drive member disposed on the mounting housing 100 for outputting hydraulic oil to drive the impact piston to reciprocate. Specifically, the hydraulic drive member drives the impact piston to reciprocate in the mounting housing 100, and impacts the output gear shaft 390. The output gear shaft 390 transmits the impact to the drill tail 400, and then to the drill tool, so as to achieve efficient rock breaking.

[0040] Optionally, the hydraulic drive member includes a reversing valve, an oil tank, a hydraulic pump and a control oil circuit.

[0041] In this embodiment, the impact assembly 500 further includes an accumulator respectively connected to the hydraulic drive member and the impact piston. Specifically, when the impact piston is away from the output gear shaft 390, the hydraulic oil enters the accumulator to store energy; when the impact piston impacts the output gear shaft 390, the accumulator releases energy to push the hydraulic oil towards the impact piston, enhancing the impact force.

[0042] Second embodiment:

[0043] As Figure 5 shown, the difference between this embodiment and the first embodiment is that: the rotation drive assembly 200 is two two-speed hydraulic motors arranged in series and parallel for realizing four-speed output. The shift gear set 300 includes an input shaft 310 connected to the output end of the rotation drive assembly 200, a first transmission gear 320 rotatably sleeved on the input shaft 310, a second transmission gear 330 rotatably disposed on the input shaft 310 and spaced apart from the first transmission gear 320, and a first shift mechanism 340 splined with the input shaft 310 and disposed between the first transmission gear 320 and the second transmission gear 330 for engaging with the first transmission gear 320 or the second transmission gear 330 when the rotation drive assembly 200 outputs at a low speed. And an output gear shaft 390 disposed on the mounting housing 100 and respectively meshing with the first transmission gear 320 and the second transmission gear 330. The transmission ratio between the first transmission gear 320 and the output gear shaft 390 is less than or greater than the transmission ratio between the second transmission gear 330 and the output gear shaft 390. The output gear shaft 390 is fixedly connected to the drill tail 400.

[0044] Specifically, the two-speed hydraulic motor can achieve high and low speed outputs by changing the displacement. Therefore, two two-speed hydraulic motors arranged in series and parallel can achieve four speed outputs. When the low speed output is required and shifting is needed, the first shifting mechanism 340 meshes with the first transmission gear 320 or the second transmission gear 330, so as to drive the first transmission gear 320 or the second transmission gear 330 to rotate synchronously when the input shaft 310 rotates. The power is transmitted to the output gear shaft 390 through the first transmission gear 320, or the power is transmitted to the output gear shaft 390 through the second transmission gear 330, so that the input shaft 310 can transmit the power to the output gear shaft 390 through two transmission ratios; four speed outputs are achieved through two two-speed hydraulic motors arranged in series and parallel, and two groups of transmission ratios are used to transmit power through the first shifting mechanism 340, so as to achieve eight gear speed outputs. Moreover, when the first shifting mechanism 340 meshes with the first transmission gear 320 or the second transmission gear 330, it is all carried out when the drive assembly 200 outputs at a low speed, ensuring smooth meshing between the first shifting mechanism 340 and the first transmission gear 320 or the second transmission gear 330.

[0045] Third Embodiment:

[0046] The rock drilling equipment of this embodiment includes the multi-gear power head described above. Specifically, since the technical effects of the rock drilling equipment provided in this embodiment are the same as those of the multi-gear power head provided in the above embodiment, they will not be elaborated here.

[0047] The above are only the preferred embodiments of the present invention and are not used to limit the present invention. For those skilled in the art, the present invention can have various changes and modifications. Any modification, equivalent replacement, improvement, etc. made within the spirit and principle of the present invention shall be included within the protection scope of the present invention.

Claims

1. A multi-gear power head, characterized in that It includes an installation housing (100), a drive rotation assembly (200) arranged on the installation housing (100) for multiple rotational speed outputs, a shift gear set (300) arranged inside the installation housing (100) and connected to the output end of the drive rotation assembly (200), a tool shank (400) connected to the output end of the shift gear set (300), and an impact assembly (500) arranged on the installation housing (100) for driving the movable end to reciprocate inside the installation housing (100) to apply an impact force to the tool shank (400). The shift gear set (300) is used to select different gears to mesh when the drive rotation assembly (200) outputs at a low rotational speed to change the transmission ratio.

2. The multi-gear power head according to claim 1, characterized in that The drive rotation assembly (200) is a two-speed hydraulic motor for achieving two rotational speed outputs. The shift gear set (300) includes an input shaft (310) connected to the output end of the drive rotation assembly (200), a first transmission gear (320) rotatably sleeved on the input shaft (310), a second transmission gear (330) rotatably arranged on the input shaft (310) and spaced apart from the first transmission gear (320), a first shift mechanism (340) in spline fit with the input shaft (310) and arranged between the first transmission gear (320) and the second transmission gear (330) for meshing with the first transmission gear (320) or the second transmission gear (330) when the drive rotation assembly (200) outputs at a low rotational speed, an intermediate gear shaft (350) arranged inside the installation housing (100) and meshing with the first transmission gear (320) and the second transmission gear (330) respectively, a third transmission gear (360) rotatably sleeved on the intermediate gear shaft (350), a fourth transmission gear (370) rotatably sleeved on the intermediate gear shaft (350) and spaced apart from the third transmission gear (360), a second shift mechanism (380) in spline fit with the intermediate gear shaft (350) and arranged between the third transmission gear (360) and the fourth transmission gear (370) for meshing with the third transmission gear (360) or the fourth transmission gear (370) when the drive rotation assembly (200) outputs at a low rotational speed, and an output gear shaft (390) arranged on the installation housing (100) and meshing with the third transmission gear (360) and the fourth transmission gear (370) respectively. The transmission ratio between the first transmission gear (320) and the intermediate gear shaft (350) is less than or greater than the transmission ratio between the second transmission gear (330) and the intermediate gear shaft (350). The transmission ratio between the third transmission gear (360) and the output gear shaft (390) is less than or greater than the transmission ratio between the fourth transmission gear (370) and the output gear shaft (390). The output gear shaft (390) is fixedly connected to the tool shank (400).

3. The multi-gear power head according to claim 2, wherein, The first shift mechanism (340) includes a shift oil cylinder (341), a shift fork (342) connected to the output end of the shift oil cylinder (341), and a clutch (343) rotatably connected to the shift fork (342) and in spline fit with the input shaft (310).

4. The multi-gear power head according to claim 3, characterized in that, The first shifting mechanism (340) further includes a positioning signal rod (344) connected to the shifting fork (342) and used to adjust the extending length extending outside the mounting housing (100) along with the movement of the shifting fork (342).

5. The multi-gear power head according to claim 3, wherein The shifting oil cylinder (341) includes an oil delivery pipe (3411), a movable sleeve (3412) sleeved on the oil delivery pipe (3411) and fixedly connected to the shifting fork (342), an annular protrusion (3413) protruding from the oil delivery pipe (3411) for limiting the movable sleeve (3412), and an oil delivery channel opened on the oil delivery pipe (3411) for driving the movable sleeve (3412) to move relative to the oil delivery pipe (3411) after inputting hydraulic oil.

6. The multi-gear power head according to claim 5, wherein A first oil chamber is formed by enclosing the first end of the annular protrusion (3413), the outer wall of the oil delivery pipe (3411), and the movable sleeve (3412). A second oil chamber is formed by enclosing the second end of the annular protrusion (3413), the outer wall of the oil delivery pipe (3411), and the movable sleeve (3412). There are two oil delivery channels, and the two oil delivery channels are respectively communicated with the first oil chamber and the second oil chamber.

7. The multi-gear power head according to claim 1, wherein The driving and rotating assembly (200) is two two-speed hydraulic motors arranged in series and parallel for realizing four-speed outputs. The shifting gear set (300) includes an input shaft (310) connected to the output end of the driving and rotating assembly (200), a first transmission gear (320) rotatably sleeved on the input shaft (310), a second transmission gear (330) rotatably arranged on the input shaft (310) and spaced apart from the first transmission gear (320), and a first shifting mechanism (340) in spline fit with the input shaft (310) and arranged between the first transmission gear (320) and the second transmission gear (330) for meshing with the first transmission gear (320) or the second transmission gear (330) when the driving and rotating assembly (200) outputs at a low speed, and an output gear shaft (390) arranged on the mounting housing (100) and meshing with the first transmission gear (320) and the second transmission gear (330) respectively. The transmission ratio between the first transmission gear (320) and the output gear shaft (390) is less than or greater than the transmission ratio between the second transmission gear (330) and the output gear shaft (390). The output gear shaft (390) is fixedly connected to the tool shank (400).

8. The multi-gear power head according to any one of claims 1-7, characterized in that, The impact assembly (500) includes an impact piston movably arranged in the mounting housing (100) and a hydraulic driving member arranged on the mounting housing (100) for outputting hydraulic oil to drive the impact piston to reciprocate.

9. The multi-gear power head according to claim 8, characterized in that, The impact assembly (500) further includes an accumulator respectively connected to the hydraulic driving member and the impact piston.

10. A rock drilling equipment, characterized in that, Including the multi-gear power head according to any one of claims 1-9.

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