Solid fuel engine

Abstract

The invention is suitable for the technical field of engines, and provides a solid fuel engine which comprises an engine body, a solid fuel conveying device and a tail gas treatment device. According to the solid fuel engine provided by the embodiment of the invention, solid fuels such as MgH2 powder are combusted and drive the steam turbine, and mechanical energy output by the steam turbine can directly drive vehicles such as automobiles or be used for power generation. The tail gas generated after the solid fuel is combusted only contains a small amount of nitric oxide and can be converted into nitrogen after being subjected to follow-up treatment, compared with a traditional fuel automobile, the tail gas is easier to treat, and environmental pollution can be remarkably reduced.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This application belongs to the technical field of engines, and particularly relates to a solid fuel engine. Background Art

[0002] The fuel engines commonly used in vehicles such as automobiles will generate exhaust gas containing a large amount of pollutants during operation, such as solid suspended particles, carbon monoxide, carbon dioxide, hydrocarbons, nitrogen oxides, lead, and sulfur oxides. Due to the dispersibility and mobility of the operation of vehicles and other means of transportation, it is very difficult to purify the exhaust gas. Summary of the Invention

[0003] In view of this, the embodiments of this application provide a solid fuel engine to solve the problem of difficult exhaust gas purification of ordinary fuel engines at present.

[0004] The embodiments of this application provide a solid fuel engine, including: an engine body, a solid fuel delivery device, and an exhaust gas treatment device. The engine body includes a housing, and a combustion chamber and a plurality of steam turbines are arranged in the housing. The plurality of steam turbines are arranged around the combustion chamber; the combustion chamber is connected to a burner; the fuel inlet of the burner is connected to the solid fuel delivery device; a superheater and a water-cooled coil are arranged in the combustion chamber; the steam outlet of the water-cooled coil is connected to the high-pressure steam inlet of each steam turbine after passing through a steam drum and a steam superheater; the steam outlets of each steam turbine are all connected to an air condenser, and the liquid outlet of the air condenser is connected to the liquid inlet of the water-cooled coil through a water pump; the steam drum liquid outlet of the steam drum is also connected to the liquid inlet of the water-cooled coil. The exhaust gas outlet of the combustion chamber is connected to the exhaust gas treatment device through a flue. The turbine shafts of each steam turbine are all connected to a generator / motor through a power generation transmission device; the generator / motor is connected to the vehicle electric drive system through a power storage and control unit; at the same time, the generator / motor is also connected to the vehicle mechanical transmission system through a clutch.

[0005] Specifically, the solid fuel delivery device includes an MgH2 storage tank, an MgH2 pulverizer, and a powder feeder connected in sequence; MgH2 rods wrapped with a protective skin are stored in the MgH2 storage tank, and the inside of the MgH2 storage tank is vacuum or filled with nitrogen; the MgH2 pulverizer is used to grind the MgH2 rods into MgH2 powder; the powder feeder uses a pneumatic conveying method to convey the MgH2 powder to the fuel inlet of the burner.

[0006] Specifically, the exhaust gas treatment device includes an MgO separator, a water separator, NO xTreatment box, hydrogen-nitrogen separation device, nitrogen storage tank and hydrogen storage tank; the solid outlet of the MgO separator is connected to the MgO storage tank; the liquid outlet of the water separator is connected to the water storage tank; the NO x The treatment box is connected to the hydrogen-nitrogen separation device, and the hydrogen-nitrogen separation device is respectively connected to the nitrogen storage tank and the hydrogen storage tank.

[0007] Specifically, the combustion-supporting air sequentially passes through the first heat exchange coil arranged in the water separator, the second heat exchange coil arranged in the NO x treatment box, the third heat exchange coil arranged in the MgO storage tank and the fourth heat exchange coil arranged in the flue, and is connected to the combustion-supporting gas inlet of the burner. It is allowed to use pure oxygen or oxygen-enriched air instead of combustion-supporting air.

[0008] Specifically, a heat preservation layer is arranged outside the shell.

[0009] Specifically, the protective skin wrapped around the MgH2 rod is a silicon protective skin.

[0010] Specifically, external high-pressure steam is directly transported to the superheater, and the external high-pressure steam is transported to the high-pressure steam inlets of each steam turbine after being heated.

[0011] Specifically, solid fuels including but not limited to MgH2, silicon powder, silicon rods and ferrosilicon can be used, and H2 stored in the hydrogen storage tank, or external H2 or liquid hydrogen can also be used; the above fuels can be used alone or in any combination; no matter which fuel or fuels are used, fuel excess is required.

[0012] The solid fuel engine provided by the embodiment of the present application uses solid fuels such as MgH2 powder to burn and drive the steam turbine. The mechanical energy output by the steam turbine can directly drive vehicles or mechanical equipment such as cars, or be used for power generation. The tail gas after the solid fuel burns contains only a small amount of nitrogen oxides. Compared with traditional fuel vehicles, the tail gas is easier to treat and can significantly reduce environmental pollution. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0013] In order to more clearly illustrate the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present application, the following will briefly introduce the drawings required for use in the embodiments or the description of the prior art. Obviously, the drawings in the following description are only some embodiments of the present application. For those of ordinary skill in the art, other drawings can be obtained based on these drawings without creative efforts.

[0014] Figure 1 is a schematic structural diagram of the solid fuel engine provided by the embodiment of the present application; Figure 2 is Figure 1 the sectional view in the B-B direction in Among them, 1 - housing, 2 - combustion chamber, 3 - steam turbine, 4 - burner, 5 - water-cooled coil, 6 - steam drum, 61 - steam drum liquid outlet, 62 - steam drum steam inlet, 63 - steam drum steam outlet, 7 - steam superheater, 8 - air condenser, 9 - flue, 10 - steam turbine shaft, 11 - power generation drive device, 12 - generator / motor, 13 - energy storage and control unit, 14 - clutch, 15 - MgH2 storage tank, 16 - MgH2 pulverizer, 17 - powder feeder, 18 - MgH2 rod, 19 - MgO separator, 20 - water separator, 21 - NO x treatment tank, 22 - MgO storage tank, 23 - water storage tank, 24 - nitrogen storage tank, 25 - first heat exchange coil, 26 - second heat exchange coil, 27 - third heat exchange coil, 28 - fourth heat exchange coil, 29 - insulation layer, 30 - hydrogen-nitrogen separation device, 31 - hydrogen storage tank, 32 - steam turbine external cooling coil, 33 - tail gas treatment device. Specific Embodiments

[0015] In the following description, specific details such as specific system structures and technologies are presented for the purpose of illustration rather than limitation, so as to thoroughly understand the embodiments of the present application. However, those skilled in the art should clearly understand that the present application can also be implemented in other embodiments without these specific details. In other cases, detailed descriptions of well-known systems, devices, circuits, and methods are omitted to avoid unnecessary details from interfering with the description of the present application.

[0016] In order to illustrate the technical solutions described in the present application, the following will be described through specific embodiments. Embodiment 1

[0017] Embodiment 1 of the present application provides a solid fuel engine, as Figure 1 shown. The engine includes an engine body, a solid fuel delivery device, and a tail gas treatment device. The engine body includes a housing 1, an insulation layer 29 is provided outside the housing 1, and a combustion chamber 2 and a plurality of steam turbines 3 are provided inside the housing 1. The plurality of steam turbines 3 are arranged around the combustion chamber 2. An external cooling coil 32 of the steam turbine is provided on the outer wall of the steam turbine 3. The combustion chamber 2 is connected to a burner 4. The fuel inlet of the burner 4 is connected to the solid fuel delivery device. A superheater 7 and a water-cooled coil 5 are provided inside the combustion chamber 2. The superheater 7 is closer to the burner 4 than the water-cooled coil 5. The steam outlet of the water-cooled coil 5 is connected to the high-pressure steam inlet of each steam turbine 3 through a steam drum 6 and a steam superheater 7. The steam outlets of each steam turbine 3 are all connected to an air condenser 8, and the liquid outlet of the air condenser 8 is connected to the liquid inlet of the water-cooled coil 5 through a water pump. The liquid outlet 61 of the steam drum 6 of the steam drum 6 is also connected to the liquid inlet of the water-cooled coil 5. The tail gas outlet of the combustion chamber 2 is connected to the tail gas treatment device 33 through a flue 9.

[0018] The turbine shafts 10 of each steam turbine 3 are all connected to the generator / motor 12 through the power generation transmission device 11. The generator / motor 12 is connected to the electric drive system of the vehicle electric drive system or other power devices through the electricity storage and control unit 13. At the same time, the generator / motor 12 is also connected to the mechanical drive system of the vehicle mechanical drive system or other power devices through the clutch 14.

[0019] The solid fuel delivery device includes an MgH2 storage tank 15, an MgH2 pulverizer 16, and a powder feeder 17 connected in sequence. The MgH2 storage tank 15 stores MgH2 rods 18 wrapped with protective skins. The inside of the MgH2 storage tank 15 is vacuum or filled with inert gases such as nitrogen or argon. The protective skin wrapped outside the MgH2 rod 18 can be a silicon protective skin. The MgH2 pulverizer 16 is used to grind the MgH2 rods into MgH2 powder. The powder feeder 17 conveys the MgH2 powder to the fuel inlet of the burner 4 by means of pneumatic conveying. It is allowed to use other conveying methods to replace the pneumatic conveying method to convey the MgH2 powder to the burner 4.

[0020] The tail gas treatment device 33 includes an MgO separator 19, a water separator 20, a NO x treatment tank 21, a hydrogen-nitrogen separation device 30, a nitrogen storage tank 24, and a hydrogen storage tank 31. The solid outlet of the MgO separator 19 is connected to the MgO storage tank 22. The liquid outlet of the water separator 20 is connected to the water storage tank 23. The gas outlet of the NO x treatment tank 21 is connected to the hydrogen-nitrogen separation device 30, and the hydrogen-nitrogen separation device 30 is respectively connected to the nitrogen storage tank 24 and the hydrogen storage tank 31.

[0021] The combustion-supporting air sequentially passes through the tube side of the air condenser 8, the first heat exchange coil 25 arranged in the water separator 20, the second heat exchange coil 26 arranged in the NO x treatment tank 21, the third heat exchange coil 27 arranged in the MgO storage tank 22, and the fourth heat exchange coil 28 arranged in the flue 9, and is connected to the combustion-supporting gas inlet of the burner 4. It is allowed to use pure oxygen or oxygen-enriched air to replace the combustion-supporting air.

[0022] Figure 1 The working process of the shown solid fuel engine is as follows: The MgH2 rods 18 in the MgH2 storage tank 15 are processed into MgH2 powder by the MgH2 pulverizer 16, and the powder feeder 17 conveys the MgH2 powder to the fuel inlet of the burner 4. The combustion-supporting air is heated to 500 °C sequentially through the first heat exchange coil 25, the second heat exchange coil 26, the third heat exchange coil 27, and the fourth heat exchange coil 28, and then enters the combustion-supporting gas inlet of the burner 4. In the burner 4, the MgH2 powder and the high-temperature combustion-supporting air burn to generate combustion tail gas containing MgO powder, N2, water vapor, and NO X

[0023] The combustion exhaust gas heats the water in the water-cooled coil 5 in the combustion chamber 2 to transform it into high-pressure steam. The high-pressure steam enters the steam superheater 7 after passing through the steam drum 6. After the high-pressure steam is superheated to above 550 °C, it enters each steam turbine 3 to do work. Each steam turbine 3 discharges the steam after doing work. The steam after doing work is converted into liquid water by the air condenser 8. The liquid water is pressurized by the water pump and then returns to the water-cooled coil 5 after passing through the external cooling coil 32 of the steam turbine.

[0024] The combustion exhaust gas enters the MgO separator 19 through the flue 9. The MgO powder in the combustion exhaust gas is separated in the MgO separator 19 and stored in the MgO storage tank 22. The combustion exhaust gas after filtering out the MgO powder enters the water separator 20. The water separator 20 filters out the water vapor in the combustion exhaust gas. The water vapor is converted into liquid water and stored in the water storage tank 23. The combustion exhaust gas after filtering out the MgO powder and water vapor enters the NO x treatment box 21. NO x There is MgH2 stored in the NO treatment box 21. MgH2 reacts with NO in the combustion exhaust gas X to generate MgO, H2 and N2. After separating H2 and N2 by the hydrogen-nitrogen separation device 30, H2 is stored in the hydrogen storage tank 31 and N2 is stored in the nitrogen storage tank 24. The MgH2 in the NO x treatment box 21 is replaced regularly to ensure continuous treatment of the combustion exhaust gas. The H2 in the hydrogen storage tank 31 and / or external H2 or liquid hydrogen can be used as fuel and transported to the burner 4.

[0025] In practical applications, external high-pressure steam can be directly transported to the steam superheater 7. The external high-pressure steam enters the high-pressure steam inlet of each steam turbine 3 after being superheated by the steam superheater 7. The external high-pressure steam can be used alone to drive each steam turbine 3 to do work, or the external high-pressure steam can be mixed with the high-pressure steam output from the water-cooled coil 5, and the mixed steam is used to drive each steam turbine 3 to do work.

[0026] In addition to using MgH2 as the fuel of the burner 4, silicon powder, silicon rods or ferrosilicon can also be used as the solid fuel of the burner 4. When using silicon powder, silicon rods or ferrosilicon as fuel, the combustion-supporting gas can be preheated to 600 °C and a high-temperature ignition device is used in combination. Correspondingly, the exhaust gas after burning silicon powder, silicon rods or ferrosilicon is treated by the NO x treatment box 21 and silicon oxide will be generated. The material in the NO x treatment box 21 needs to be replaced regularly.

[0027] The solid fuel transmitter provided by the embodiments of the present application can use solid fuels including but not limited to MgH2, silicon powder, silicon rods, and ferrosilicon, or can also use H2 stored in the hydrogen storage tank 31, or external H2 or liquid hydrogen. The above fuels can be used alone or in any combination. No matter which fuel or fuels are used, fuel excess is required to reduce the content of NO in the combustion exhaust gas and reduce the load on the subsequent NO treatment tank 21. The solid fuel transmitter provided by the embodiments of the present application only discharges N2 and does not pollute the environment, belonging to a clean power device. A vehicle equipped with such a solid fuel transmitter also belongs to a new energy and environmental protection vehicle. x content and reduce the load on the subsequent NO x treatment tank 21. The solid fuel transmitter provided by the embodiments of the present application only discharges N2 and does not pollute the environment, belonging to a clean power device. A vehicle equipped with such a solid fuel transmitter also belongs to a new energy and environmental protection vehicle.

[0028] The above embodiments are only used to illustrate the technical solutions of the present application, rather than to limit them; although the present application has been described in detail with reference to the foregoing embodiments, those of ordinary skill in the art should understand that they can still modify the technical solutions recorded in the foregoing embodiments, or perform equivalent replacements on some of the technical features; and these modifications or replacements do not cause the essence of the corresponding technical solutions to deviate from the spirit and scope of the technical solutions of the embodiments of the present application, and should all be included in the protection scope of the present application.

Claims

1. A solid fuel engine, comprising an engine body, a solid fuel delivery device, and an exhaust gas treatment device (33), characterized in that, The engine body includes a housing (1), a combustion chamber (2) and a plurality of steam turbines (3) are arranged in the housing (1), and the plurality of steam turbines (3) are arranged around the combustion chamber (2); the combustion chamber (2) is connected to a burner (4); the fuel inlet of the burner (4) is connected to the solid fuel conveying device; a superheater (7) and a water-cooled coil (5) are arranged in the combustion chamber (2); the steam outlet of the water-cooled coil (5) is connected to the high-pressure steam inlet of each steam turbine (3) after passing through a steam drum (6) and a steam superheater (7); the steam outlets of each steam turbine (3) are all connected to an air condenser (8), and the liquid outlet of the air condenser (8) is connected to the liquid inlet of the water-cooled coil (5) through a water pump; the steam drum liquid outlet (61) of the steam drum (6) is also connected to the liquid inlet of the water-cooled coil (5). The tail gas outlet of the combustion chamber (2) is connected to the tail gas treatment device through a flue (9). The turbine shafts (10) of each steam turbine (3) are all connected to a generator / motor (12) through a power generation transmission device (11); the generator / motor (12) is connected to an automotive electric drive system through a power storage and control unit (13); at the same time, the generator / motor (12) is also connected to an automotive mechanical transmission system through a clutch (14).

2. The solid fuel engine according to claim 1, characterized in that, The solid fuel conveying device includes an MgH2 storage tank (15), an MgH2 pulverizer (16) and a powder feeder (17) connected in sequence; an MgH2 rod (18) with an outer protective skin is stored in the MgH2 storage tank (15), and the inside of the MgH2 storage tank (15) is vacuum or filled with nitrogen; the MgH2 pulverizer (16) is used to grind the MgH2 rod into MgH2 powder; the powder feeder (17) conveys the MgH2 powder to the fuel inlet of the burner (4) by means of pneumatic conveying.

3. The solid fuel engine according to claim 2, wherein The tail gas treatment device (33) includes an MgO separator (19), a water separator (20), a NO x treatment tank (21), a hydrogen-nitrogen separation device (30), a nitrogen storage tank (24), and a hydrogen storage tank (31) that are connected in sequence; the solid outlet of the MgO separator (19) is connected to an MgO storage tank (22); the liquid outlet of the water separator (20) is connected to a water storage tank (23); the NO x treatment tank (21) is connected to the hydrogen-nitrogen separation device (30), and the hydrogen-nitrogen separation device (30) is respectively connected to the nitrogen storage tank (24) and the hydrogen storage tank (31).

4. The solid fuel engine according to claim 3, wherein The combustion-supporting air sequentially passes through a first heat exchange coil (25) disposed in a water separator (20), a second heat exchange coil (26) disposed in a NO x treatment tank (21), a third heat exchange coil (27) disposed in an MgO storage tank (22), and a fourth heat exchange coil (28) disposed in a flue (9), and is connected to a combustion-supporting gas inlet of a burner (4); The use of pure oxygen or oxygen-enriched air instead of combustion-supporting air is allowed.

5. The solid fuel engine according to claim 4, characterized in that, A heat insulation layer (29) is arranged outside the housing (1).

6. The solid fuel engine according to claim 5, characterized in that, The protective skin wrapped around the MgH2 rod (18) is a silicon protective skin.

7. The solid fuel engine according to claim 1, characterized in that, Exogenous high-pressure steam is directly conveyed to the superheater (7), and the exogenous high-pressure steam is conveyed to the high-pressure steam inlets of each steam turbine (3) after being superheated.

8. The solid fuel engine according to claim 1, characterized in that, Solid fuels including but not limited to MgH2, silicon powder, silicon rods and ferrosilicon can be used, and H2 stored in a hydrogen storage tank (31) can also be used, or exogenous H2 or liquid hydrogen; the above fuels can be used alone or in any combination; regardless of which fuel or fuels are used, fuel excess is required.

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