A water-lubricated thrust bearing and performance monitoring method thereof

Abstract

The present invention discloses a water-lubricated thrust bearing and a performance monitoring method thereof, which relate to the field of bearing technology. The water-lubricated thrust bearing includes a tilting pad, the tilting pad includes a pad seat and an elastic layer, the elastic layer is a honeycomb structure; the honeycomb structure includes a plurality of honeycomb units, the aperture of the honeycomb unit near the middle of the elastic layer is smaller than the aperture of the honeycomb unit near the edge of the elastic layer; and a performance monitoring method for a water-lubricated thrust bearing, which measures and evaluates the working performance of the elastic layer by using a temperature sensor and a vibration sensor. Based on the technical solution disclosed by the present invention, not only can the structural stability and load-bearing capacity of the bearing be enhanced, but also the vibration reduction and noise reduction effect, thermal management capability and fatigue resistance of the elastic layer can be improved, and the generation of material deformation and cracks can be reduced, thereby extending the service life of the bearing.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present invention relates to the technical field of bearings, and in particular to a water-lubricated thrust bearing and a performance monitoring method thereof. Background Art

[0002] The tilting pad water-lubricated thrust bearing is a special bearing designed for heavy loads, low speeds and variable operating conditions. Its core feature is the combination of elastic support structure and water lubrication technology to improve load-bearing capacity and environmental adaptability.

[0003] At present, in the relevant technology, the elastic layer of the bearing pad in the tilting pad water-lubricated thrust bearing adopts a hollow structure design, but the hollow layer is a hollow tubular structure with insufficient elasticity and cannot effectively absorb and convert vibration energy, resulting in limited vibration reduction and noise reduction performance as well as load-sharing and impact resistance performance, which urgently needs to be improved. Summary of the Invention

[0004] The purpose of the present invention is to overcome the above-mentioned technical deficiencies and propose a water-lubricated thrust bearing and its performance monitoring method to solve the technical problems in the prior art that the elastic layer on the tilting pad is insufficient in elasticity, cannot effectively absorb and convert vibration energy, and has poor shock absorption and noise reduction performance and impact resistance.

[0005] In order to achieve the above technical objectives, the present invention adopts the following technical solutions:

[0006] In a first aspect, the present invention provides a water-lubricated thrust bearing comprising a tilting pad, wherein the tilting pad includes a pad seat and an elastic layer, and the elastic layer has a honeycomb structure; the honeycomb structure includes a plurality of honeycomb units, and the pore size of the honeycomb units near the middle of the elastic layer is smaller than the pore size of the honeycomb units near the edge of the elastic layer.

[0007] In some embodiments, the elastic layer includes at least a middle region, a transition region, and an outer edge region from the middle to both sides thereof, and the apertures of the multiple honeycomb units in any of the middle region, the transition region, and the outer edge region are the same, and the apertures of the honeycomb units in the middle region, the transition region, and the outer edge region increase in sequence.

[0008] In some embodiments, the pore diameters and / or wall thicknesses of the honeycomb units in the middle region, the transition region, and the outer edge region increase in a geometric progression, and the increasing ratio is 1.2-1.5.

[0009] In some embodiments, a wear-resistant layer is provided on one side of the tile seat, and a plurality of first deep grooves are provided on a side of the wear-resistant layer away from the elastic layer. Two ends of the first deep grooves extend to opposite sides of the wear-resistant layer respectively.

[0010] In some embodiments, the plurality of first deep trenches are all arc-shaped structures, and the centers of the plurality of first deep trenches coincide with each other.

[0011] In some embodiments, a rigid ball head is provided on one side of the tile seat, and a surface of the rigid ball head is provided with a plurality of second deep grooves arranged along its circumference, and the plurality of second deep grooves are arranged at intervals along the axial direction of the rigid ball head.

[0012] In some embodiments, a temperature sensor is provided at the connection between the tile seat and the elastic layer, and the temperature sensor is located in a groove of the honeycomb unit corresponding to the middle area on the elastic layer.

[0013] In some embodiments, a plurality of vibration sensors are further provided on the elastic layer. The plurality of vibration sensors are located on the side walls of the honeycomb unit, and the plurality of vibration sensors are distributed in a spiral shape on the elastic layer.

[0014] In some embodiments, surfaces of the temperature sensor and the vibration sensor are coated with a protective layer.

[0015] In a second aspect, the present invention further provides a performance monitoring method for a water-lubricated thrust bearing, which is applied to the above-mentioned water-lubricated thrust bearing and comprises the following steps:

[0016] S1. Install the water-lubricated thrust bearing on the test rotating shaft;

[0017] S2. Start the test rotating shaft and introduce cooling water into the water-lubricated thrust bearing for lubrication and cooling;

[0018] S3, measuring the effective vibration velocity v, the surface temperature t1, and the temperature gradient t2 of the elastic layer by a temperature sensor and a vibration sensor;

[0019] S4. Evaluate the working performance of the elastic layer in the water-lubricated thrust bearing based on the measured data.

[0020] Compared to existing technologies, the present invention provides a bearing pad with an elastic layer configured as a honeycomb structure, and rationally controls the pore size distribution of the multiple honeycomb cells. By applying this bearing pad to a water-lubricated thrust bearing and combining it with a corresponding water-lubricated thrust bearing performance monitoring method, structural improvements and real-time monitoring of the water-lubricated thrust bearing are achieved. This honeycomb structure not only enhances the bearing's structural stability and load-bearing capacity, but also improves the elastic layer's vibration and noise reduction, thermal management capabilities, and fatigue resistance, reducing material deformation and cracking, thereby extending the bearing's service life. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0021] Figure 11 is a schematic diagram of the overall structure of a water-lubricated thrust bearing according to an embodiment of the present invention;

[0022] Figure 2 is a cross-sectional view of a water-lubricated thrust bearing according to one embodiment of the present invention;

[0023] Figure 3 is a schematic diagram of the overall structure of a tilting pad in one embodiment of the present invention;

[0024] Figure 4 is a cross-sectional view of a tilting pad according to an embodiment of the present invention;

[0025] Figure 5 is a top view of a wear-resistant layer in one embodiment of the present invention;

[0026] Figure 6 is a schematic structural diagram of an elastic layer in one embodiment of the present invention;

[0027] Figure 7 is a schematic diagram of the local structure of the middle area of ​​the elastic layer in one embodiment of the present invention;

[0028] Figure 8 It is a flow chart of a method for monitoring the performance of a water-lubricated thrust bearing in one embodiment of the present invention.

[0029] Explanation of the reference numerals: 1. thrust plate; 2. fixed pad; 3. support ring; 4. tilting pad; 41. support layer; 42. elastic layer; 421. middle area; 422. transition area; 423. outer edge area; 424. honeycomb unit; 43. pad seat; 431. top groove; 44. rigid ball head; 441. second deep groove; 45. substrate layer; 46. wear-resistant layer; 461. first deep groove; 5. grating optical fiber force measuring device; 6. temperature sensor; 7. vibration sensor. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0030] In order to make the purpose, technical solutions and advantages of the present invention more clearly understood, the present invention will be further described in detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings and embodiments. It should be understood that the specific embodiments described herein are only used to explain the present invention and are not intended to limit the present invention.

[0031] In order to solve the above technical problems, the present invention provides a water-lubricated thrust bearing and a performance monitoring method thereof, which can not only enhance the structural stability and load-bearing capacity of the bearing, but also improve the vibration reduction and noise reduction effect, thermal management capability and fatigue resistance of the elastic layer 42, reduce material deformation and cracks, and thus extend the service life of the bearing.

[0032] Example 1:

[0033] See also Figure 1-2A water-lubricated thrust bearing includes a thrust plate 1, a plurality of fixed pads 2, a support ring 3, a plurality of tilting pads 4 and a grating optical fiber force measuring device 5.

[0034] Specifically, the thrust plate 1 can be connected to a rotating shaft (in actual operation, any rotating shaft connected to it can be regarded as the rotating shaft), and the fixed pads 2 are installed at circumferential intervals on the thrust plate 1, forming the rotating part of the thrust bearing. The support ring 3 is coaxially arranged with the thrust plate 1, and the tilting pads 4 are installed at circumferential intervals on the support ring 3, forming the non-rotating part of the thrust bearing. Among them, the tilting pads 4 installed on the support ring 3 are arranged opposite to the fixed pads 2 installed on the thrust plate 1, and the contact surface between the two constitutes the friction working surface of the thrust bearing, which is used to bear the axial force in the water environment. The grating fiber optic force measuring device 5 arranged circumferentially on the support ring 3 at the bottom of the tilting pad 4 can be used to measure the force state of each tilting pad 4.

[0035] See also Figure 3-4 The tilting pad 4 is a multi-layer composite structure that is fan-shaped, circular or rectangular as a whole, and includes a support layer 41, an elastic layer 42 and a pad seat 43 from bottom to top. A rigid ball head 44 is provided on the side of the support layer 41 facing away from the elastic layer 42, and a backing layer 45 and a wear-resistant layer 46 are provided on the side of the pad seat 43 facing away from the elastic layer 42.

[0036] Specifically, to install the base layer 45 and the wear-resistant layer 46, a top groove 431 is provided on the side corresponding to the shoe base 43. The wear-resistant layer 46 is connected to the base layer 45 as a single unit and then installed in the top groove 431. The base layer 45 is installed in the top groove 431, while the wear-resistant layer 46 is located on the side of the base layer 45 facing away from the shoe base 43. The wear-resistant layer 46 and base layer 45 can be made of diamond. Considering the service life, the base layer 45 and the wear-resistant layer 46 can be made of diamond or other wear-resistant materials, without specific limitation.

[0037] Combine Figure 5 The wear-resistant layer 46 faces the surface of the fixed shoe 2, forming a friction pair. To address the heat dissipation and wear debris issues associated with friction, a plurality of first deep grooves 461 are provided on the side of the wear-resistant layer 46 facing away from the substrate layer 45. The ends of the first deep grooves 461 extend to opposite sides of the wear-resistant layer 46, allowing cooling water to flow along the first deep grooves 461, dissipating heat and removing wear debris from the wear-resistant layer 46.

[0038] Specifically, the number of first deep grooves 461 can be set as needed. For example, in one embodiment, five first deep grooves 461 can be provided. The five first deep grooves 461 can be arranged in an arc-shaped structure. The first deep grooves 461 can be evenly spaced along the radius of the wear-resistant layer 46 so that the theoretical centers of the first deep grooves 461 remain aligned. When actually machining the wear-resistant layer 46, the aforementioned multiple first deep grooves 461 can be machined into the wear-resistant layer 46 first, and then the machined wear-resistant layer 46 can be bonded to the backing layer 45. This avoids the problem of the tilting pad 4 loosening and falling off, and poor deep groove machining, caused by directly machining the first deep grooves 461 into the wear-resistant layer 46.

[0039] See also Figure 4 and Figure 6 The elastic layer 42 is located between the supporting layer 41 and the tile seat 43, and can disperse pressure and improve stability and bearing capacity in practical applications.

[0040] In this embodiment, the elastic layer 42 can be configured as a honeycomb structure consisting of a plurality of honeycomb units 424. The honeycomb structure has a high strength-to-weight ratio and can evenly disperse force when subjected to pressure, avoiding local stress concentration, thereby effectively improving the bearing's load-bearing capacity and absorbing and attenuating vibration energy.

[0041] In this embodiment, the specific dimensions of the multiple honeycomb cells 424 are determined based on the force distribution at various locations on the elastic layer 42. Specifically, the pore size of the honeycomb cells 424 near the center of the elastic layer 42 can be smaller than that of the honeycomb cells 424 near the edge of the elastic layer 42. However, along the circumference of the support ring 3, the honeycomb cells 424 on the same elastic layer 42 can be arranged symmetrically. This approach effectively distributes pressure, further improving the stability and load-bearing capacity of the bearing structure.

[0042] To further adapt the stress state of the elastic layer 42, in one embodiment, the elastic layer 42 can be divided sequentially from its center to the sides into a middle region 421, a transition region 422, and an outer edge region 423. In any of these regions, the apertures of the honeycomb cells 424 are the same, but the apertures of the honeycomb cells 424 in the middle region 421, transition region 422, and outer edge region 423 can be arranged in increasing order. That is, the apertures of the honeycomb cells 424 in the middle region 421 are smaller than those in the transition region 422, and the apertures of the honeycomb cells 424 in the transition region 422 are smaller than those in the outer edge region 423.

[0043] In this way, the elastic layer 42 is divided into three areas as a whole, and each area is divided according to the aperture of the corresponding honeycomb unit 424 thereon, so that the multiple honeycomb units 424 on the elastic layer 42 form a gradient distribution structure, that is, with the help of the middle area 421, the transition area 422 and the outer edge area 423, the honeycomb structure on the elastic layer 42 can form a three-level gradient structure.

[0044] In another embodiment, based on the division of the middle region 421, the transition region 422, and the outer edge region 423, the wall thickness of the honeycomb cells 424 in different regions can be specifically limited. Specifically, the wall thickness of the honeycomb cells 424 in the middle region 421, the transition region 422, and the outer edge region 423 can be set in ascending order. That is, the wall thickness of the honeycomb cells 424 in the middle region 421 is smaller than that in the transition region 422, and the wall thickness of the honeycomb cells 424 in the transition region 422 is smaller than that in the outer edge region 423. However, considering that the wall thickness of the honeycomb cells 424 should not be too large, in actual applications, the wall thickness of the honeycomb cells 424 in the middle region 421 can be 0.5-1 mm, the wall thickness of the honeycomb cells 424 in the transition region 422 can be 1-1.5 mm, and the wall thickness of the honeycomb cells 424 in the outer edge region 423 can be 1.5-2 mm.

[0045] With the above arrangement, the pore diameter and wall thickness of the honeycomb cells 424 on the elastic layer 42 can be arranged to increase in sequence in the middle region 421, the transition region 422, and the outer edge region 423. Specifically, in one embodiment, the pore diameter and wall thickness of the honeycomb cells 424 in the middle region 421, the transition region 422, and the outer edge region 423 can increase in a geometric progression, with the increasing ratio being 1.2-1.5.

[0046] In this way, the honeycomb structure on the elastic layer 42 forms a reliable gradient distribution structure as a whole, which can not only better disperse the pressure when subjected to pressure, but also adapt to the overall stress state of the tilting pad 4, thereby enhancing the structural stability and load-bearing capacity of the bearing, and improving the vibration reduction and noise reduction effect of the elastic layer 42, so as to extend the service life of the bearing.

[0047] However, it should be understood that the overall area division of the elastic layer 42 is divided according to the distribution of honeycomb units 424 with different apertures; in this embodiment, the elastic layer 42 can be divided into a three-level gradient structure, but if necessary, more areas can be divided on the elastic layer 42, depending on the application requirements of a specific occasion, and no specific limitation is made to this.

[0048] Similarly, the increasing ratio of the aperture and wall thickness of the honeycomb cells 424 in each region can be adjusted as needed, and can even be adjusted in a non-geometric progression. Of course, if necessary, the aperture of the honeycomb cells 424 in each region can be controlled to increase while the wall thickness remains unchanged, or the aperture remains unchanged while the wall thickness increases.

[0049] It should be understood that the specific design of the honeycomb structure on the elastic layer 42 depends on the overall stress state of the tilting pad 4 in different situations. The structural design of the honeycomb cells 424 in this embodiment, with both the pore diameter and wall thickness increasing, is a preferred specific implementation proposed by the inventors based on multiple experiments.

[0050] See also Figure 3-4 The support layer 41 is positioned on the side of the elastic layer 42 facing away from the pad seat 43. To accommodate the rigid ball head 44, a bottom recess is provided on the side of the support layer 41 facing away from the elastic layer 42. The rigid ball head 44 is integrally embedded in this recess and secured to the support layer 41. In practice, the elastic layer 42 and the rigid ball head 44 are integrated into the same tilting pad 4, enabling the tilting pad 4 to achieve both vibration absorption and load distribution functions, as well as flexible and adaptive tilting and swinging capabilities.

[0051] In this embodiment, the surface of the rigid ball head 44 is provided with a plurality of second deep grooves 441. These second deep grooves 441 are arranged along the circumference of the rigid ball head 44 and are spaced apart along the axial direction of the rigid ball head 44. Thus, the second deep grooves 441 form an annular groove structure on the rigid ball head 44. This structure not only facilitates the orderly flow of cooling water to improve heat dissipation efficiency, but also guides the discharge of debris, thereby reducing heat and debris damage to the rigid ball head 44 and tilting pad 4, thereby extending the service life of the bearing.

[0052] In one embodiment, the cross-section of the second deep groove 441 can be rectangular or trapezoidal. When the cross-section is trapezoidal, the groove bottom width can be 0.5-1 mm, and the groove opening width can be 1-1.5 mm. It should be understood that the specific shape and size of the second deep groove 441 can be flexibly designed as needed, provided that the cooling water flow and debris removal functions are met.

[0053] See also Figure 6-7 In order to solve the heat dissipation and vibration problems of the elastic layer 42 during operation, a temperature sensor 6 and a vibration sensor 7 are also provided on the elastic layer 42. The temperature sensor 6 and the vibration sensor 7 cooperate with the matching control module to monitor the temperature and vibration of the elastic layer 42 in real time, so as to understand the service status of the elastic layer 42.

[0054] In this embodiment, the temperature sensor 6 may be a grating fiber temperature sensor 6 , which may be disposed at the junction of the elastic layer 42 and the tile seat 43 . Specifically, three or more temperature sensors 6 may be provided. To accommodate each temperature sensor 6 , a groove is provided on the side of the elastic layer 42 near the tile seat 43 . This groove may be located at a position corresponding to the middle region 421 of the elastic layer 42 . During actual installation, each temperature sensor 6 may be horizontally installed in sequence within this groove.

[0055] It should be understood that the temperature conditions at different positions on the elastic layer 42 are different, and the position corresponding to the middle area 421 on the elastic layer 42 is a high thermal conductivity area. Setting the temperature sensor 6 here is conducive to the temperature sensor 6 accurately measuring the temperature of the temperature concentrated area of ​​the elastic layer 42.

[0056] The vibration sensor 7 can be a grating fiber vibration sensor 7, which can be arranged in the honeycomb unit 424 on the elastic layer 42. Specifically, three or more vibration sensors 7 can be provided, each of which can be fixed on the side wall of the honeycomb unit 424, and each of which can be distributed in a spiral shape.

[0057] It is understood that the vibration conditions in different areas of the elastic layer 42 vary, and the middle area 421 of the elastic layer 42 is where the vibration energy is relatively concentrated. Therefore, the vibration sensors 7 are preferably disposed within the honeycomb cells 424 in the middle area 421 to facilitate accurate measurement of the vibration conditions of the elastic layer 42. Furthermore, the vibration sensors 7 are distributed in a spiral pattern on the elastic layer 42. The pitch of the spiral structure formed can be set to 1 / 3-1 / 2 of the aperture of the honeycomb cells 424 in the middle area 421, although this is not specifically limited.

[0058] It should be noted that since the water-lubricated thrust bearing works in a water environment, a protective layer (not shown in the figure) can be provided on the surface of the above-mentioned temperature sensor 6 and vibration sensor 7. The protective layer can be a polyimide protective layer or other coating with waterproof and anti-corrosion functions, and there is no specific limitation on this.

[0059] At the same time, the temperature sensor 6 can be bonded and fixed to the corresponding groove on the elastic layer 42 using a high-temperature resistant resin ceramic adhesive to prevent the adhesive from failing due to high temperatures and causing the temperature sensor 6 to fall off the elastic layer 42. Similarly, the vibration sensor 7 can be bonded and fixed to the side wall of the corresponding honeycomb unit 424 using a high-viscosity modified epoxy resin to prevent the vibration sensor 7 from falling off due to the high-speed erosion of the cooling water flow.

[0060] Temperature sensor 6 and vibration sensor 7 are installed in different ways, depending on the area in which they are installed, to ensure stable operation of both. Of course, it is understood that the aforementioned adhesive (referring to the high-temperature-resistant resin ceramic adhesive and the high-viscosity modified epoxy resin) may also be other adhesives with waterproof and corrosion-resistant properties, provided that the installation and operational stability of temperature sensor 6 and vibration sensor 7 are ensured, and this is not a specific limitation.

[0061] It should be noted that in the water-lubricated thrust bearing provided in this embodiment, the above-mentioned thrust plate 1, several fixed pads 2, support ring 3 and grating optical fiber force measuring device 5 can all adopt existing components in the relevant technology, and they are not the focus of this embodiment, so they will not be repeated here.

[0062] In order to better understand the present invention, the following Figure 1-7 The technical solution of this embodiment is described in detail:

[0063] By setting the elastic layer 42 on the tilting pad 4 into a honeycomb structure and controlling the aperture and wall thickness of the multiple honeycomb units 424 to be set in an incremental manner, the elastic layer 42 on the tilting pad 4 forms a three-level gradient distribution structure, so that the elastic layer 42 can not only better disperse the pressure, but also adapt to the overall stress state of the tilting pad 4, thereby enhancing the structural stability and load-bearing capacity of the bearing, and improving the vibration reduction and noise reduction effect of the elastic layer 42, so as to extend the service life of the bearing.

[0064] At the same time, multiple first deep grooves 461 are set on the wear-resistant layer 46, and multiple second deep grooves 441 are set on the rigid ball head 44, so that cooling water can flow along the first deep grooves 461 and the second deep grooves 441, which not only improves the heat dissipation effect, but also helps to discharge possible debris.

[0065] Finally, temperature sensors 6 and vibration sensors 7 are respectively set at reasonable positions on the elastic layer 42, which can accurately measure the temperature and vibration of the elastic layer 42, so as to understand the service condition of the elastic layer 42, thereby indirectly ensuring that the water-lubricated thrust bearing can work normally and extend its service life.

[0066] Example 2:

[0067] See also Figure 8 , Figure 8 1 is a flow chart of a method for monitoring the performance of a thrust bearing according to an embodiment of the present invention, which includes the following steps:

[0068] S1. Install the water-lubricated thrust bearing on the test rotating shaft.

[0069] S2. Start the test rotating shaft and introduce cooling water into the water-lubricated thrust bearing for lubrication and cooling.

[0070] After the water-lubricated thrust bearing is installed, the rotating shaft is connected to the thrust plate 1 of the water-lubricated thrust bearing, thereby driving the thrust plate 1 and its several fixed pads 2 to rotate. Meanwhile, the support ring 3 and the multiple tilting pads 4 mounted on it constitute the non-rotating portion of the water-lubricated thrust bearing. When cooling water is introduced into the water-lubricated thrust bearing, the contact surface between the fixed pads 2 and the tilting pads 4 is cooled and lubricated by the cooling water, thereby bearing the axial forces in the water environment.

[0071] S3 . Measure the effective vibration velocity v of the elastic layer 42 , the surface temperature t1 of the elastic layer 42 , and the temperature gradient t2 by using the temperature sensor 6 and the vibration sensor 7 .

[0072] S4. Evaluate the working performance of the elastic layer 42 in the water-lubricated thrust bearing based on the measured data.

[0073] In actual applications, the temperature sensor 6 and the vibration sensor 7 are both arranged in the middle area 421 on the elastic layer 42, and the middle area 421 on the elastic layer 42 constitutes a high thermal conductivity area and a vibration energy concentration area on the elastic layer 42. Therefore, the temperature sensor 6 and the vibration sensor 7 can accurately measure the temperature and vibration conditions on the elastic layer 42.

[0074] Specifically, after obtaining the above-mentioned measurement data (effective vibration velocity v, elastic layer 42 surface temperature t1, temperature gradient t2), the evaluation principle of the working performance of the elastic layer 42 is as follows:

[0075] If the vibration speed v≤1.5 mm / s, the surface temperature t1 of the elastic layer 42 ≤30°C, t2≤50°C, and the temperature gradient t2≤10°C, then the working performance of the elastic layer 42 is excellent;

[0076] If 1.5 mm / s ≤ vibration velocity v ≤ 2.0 mm / s, 50°C ≤ elastic layer 42 surface temperature t1 ≤ 60°C, and 10°C ≤ temperature gradient t2 ≤ 15°C, then the working performance of the elastic layer 42 is good;

[0077] If the vibration velocity v≥2.0 mm / s, the surface temperature t1 of the elastic layer 42 ≥60° C., and the temperature gradient t2 ≥15° C., it indicates that the working performance of the elastic layer 42 is poor.

[0078] In the description of this application, it should be noted that the terms "upper" and "lower" and the like indicate orientations or positional relationships based on the orientations or positional relationships shown in the accompanying drawings, and are only for the convenience of describing this application and simplifying the description, and do not indicate or imply that the device or element referred to must have a specific orientation, be constructed and operated in a specific orientation, and therefore cannot be understood as a limitation on this application. Unless otherwise expressly specified and limited, the terms "installed", "connected" and "connected" should be understood in a broad sense, for example, it can be a fixed connection, a detachable connection, or an integral connection; it can be a mechanical connection or an electrical connection; it can be a direct connection, or an indirect connection through an intermediate medium, or it can be internal communication between two elements. For those of ordinary skill in the art, the specific meanings of the above terms in this application can be understood according to the specific circumstances.

[0079] It should be noted that, in this application, relational terms such as "first" and "second" are used only to distinguish one entity or operation from another entity or operation, and do not necessarily require or imply any actual relationship or order between these entities or operations. Moreover, the terms "include", "comprise" or any other variants thereof are intended to cover non-exclusive inclusion, so that a process, method, article or device comprising a series of elements includes not only those elements, but also other elements not explicitly listed, or also includes elements inherent to such process, method, article or device. In the absence of further restrictions, an element defined by the sentence "comprising a ..." does not exclude the presence of other identical elements in the process, method, article or device comprising the element.

[0080] The specific embodiments of the present invention described above do not limit the scope of protection of the present invention. Any other corresponding changes and modifications made based on the technical concept of the present invention should be included in the scope of protection of the claims of the present invention.

Claims

1. A water-lubricated thrust bearing comprising a tilting pad, characterized in that: The tilting pad includes a pad seat and an elastic layer, and the elastic layer has a honeycomb structure; the honeycomb structure includes multiple honeycomb units, and the pore size of the honeycomb unit near the middle of the elastic layer is smaller than the pore size of the honeycomb unit near the edge of the elastic layer; the elastic layer includes at least a middle area, a transition area and an outer edge area from the middle to both sides thereof, and the pore size of the multiple honeycomb units in any area of ​​the middle area, the transition area and the outer edge area is the same, and the pore size of the honeycomb units in the middle area, the transition area and the outer edge area increases successively.

2. The water-lubricated thrust bearing according to claim 1, characterized in that: The apertures and / or wall thicknesses of the honeycomb units in the middle region, the transition region, and the outer edge region increase in geometric progression, and the increasing ratio is 1.2-1.

5.

3. The water-lubricated thrust bearing according to claim 1, characterized in that: A wear-resistant layer is provided on one side of the tile seat, and a plurality of first deep grooves are provided on a side of the wear-resistant layer away from the elastic layer. Two ends of the first deep grooves extend to opposite sides of the wear-resistant layer respectively.

4. The water-lubricated thrust bearing according to claim 3, characterized in that: The plurality of first deep trenches are all arc-shaped structures, and the centers of the plurality of first deep trenches coincide with each other.

5. The water-lubricated thrust bearing according to claim 1, characterized in that: A rigid ball head is provided on one side of the tile seat. A plurality of second deep grooves are provided on the surface of the rigid ball head along its circumference. The plurality of second deep grooves are spaced apart along the axial direction of the rigid ball head.

6. The water-lubricated thrust bearing according to claim 1, characterized in that: A temperature sensor is provided at the connection between the tile seat and the elastic layer. The temperature sensor is located in a groove of the honeycomb unit corresponding to the middle area on the elastic layer.

7. The water-lubricated thrust bearing according to claim 6, characterized in that: A plurality of vibration measuring sensors are also provided on the elastic layer. The plurality of vibration measuring sensors are located on the side walls of the honeycomb unit and are distributed in a spiral shape on the elastic layer.

8. The water-lubricated thrust bearing according to claim 7, characterized in that: The surfaces of the temperature sensor and the vibration sensor are both coated with a protective layer.

9. A method for monitoring the performance of a water-lubricated thrust bearing, applied to the water-lubricated thrust bearing according to any one of claims 1 to 8, characterized in that: The following steps are involved: S1. Install the water-lubricated thrust bearing on the test rotating shaft; S2. Start the test rotating shaft and introduce cooling water into the water-lubricated thrust bearing for lubrication and cooling; S3, measuring the effective vibration velocity v, the surface temperature t1, and the temperature gradient t2 of the elastic layer by a temperature sensor and a vibration sensor; S4. Evaluate the working performance of the elastic layer in the water-lubricated thrust bearing based on the measured data.

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