Photovoltaic energy storage ventilation device

Abstract

The invention discloses a photovoltaic energy storage ventilation device, belongs to the technical field of building photovoltaic energy storage, and particularly relates to a photovoltaic energy storage mute ventilation device. The problems that in the prior art, utilization of waste heat of a photovoltaic panel is neglected, and utilization of the waste heat is not considered to meet user requirements so as to improve the energy utilization rate are solved. The device comprises a photovoltaic panel, a storage battery, a fan, an electric heater, a heat storage and release module, an air supply pipe and a temperature control device, the temperature control device is used for controlling starting and stopping of the draught fan and the electric heater and opening and closing of the fresh air opening and the air return opening. The photovoltaic energy storage ventilation device is suitable for heat supply and ventilation of non-heating areas in winter.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present invention relates to the technical field of building photovoltaic energy storage, and particularly to a photovoltaic energy storage silent ventilation device. Background Art

[0002] Currently, during the transitional season and winter in the North China region and the South China region, due to the lack of centralized heating and the relatively high cost of electric heating, which makes it difficult for users to use it for a long time, the indoor temperature of buildings is relatively low (it may be lower than the outdoor temperature for some time), unable to meet the human comfort requirements.

[0003] To solve the above problems, those skilled in the art use clean energy such as solar energy and air energy based on energy storage technology to improve the indoor living environment of buildings.

[0004] For example, the existing patent document with the patent number CN202211518857.3 records a solar wall type self - air - supply and heat storage maintenance structure and its usage method, which reduces the energy consumption loss caused by indoor energy passing through the building exterior wall by setting solar panels on the building facade.

[0005] Another example is that the existing patent document with the patent number 202420347589.1 records a solar thermal collection house, which introduces sunlight into the room through a condenser lens and stores it in a heat storage tank, and then converts the solar energy collected during the day into heat energy through the phase - change heat storage and heat - release characteristics of the heat storage tank to supply heat to the computer room at night.

[0006] The technologies recorded in the above - mentioned patent documents reduce heat loss by changing the enclosure structure and supply heat by converting solar energy into heat through a collector. Although they alleviate the problem of relatively low indoor temperature of buildings to a certain extent, their energy utilization rate is low.

[0007] Currently, many technologies recorded in existing patent documents use solar energy to provide electricity for buildings by combining lighting and energy storage devices to achieve building energy conservation. However, the photovoltaic system has the problem of negative temperature effect when the temperature of the photovoltaic panel is high. The power generation effect of the photovoltaic panel is the best when the surface temperature is 25°C. After exceeding 25°C, for every 1°C increase in temperature, the peak power of a single solar panel will lose about 0.35 - 0.45%, and the voltage will also be affected.

[0008] Therefore, those skilled in the art take different measures to reduce the working temperature of the photovoltaic panel and maintain its stable power generation efficiency:

[0009] The utility model patent document with the patent number CN 202320748430.6 records "a photovoltaic power generation device", which can dissipate heat from the energy storage device through a ventilation pipe and a fan, extending the service life of the photovoltaic power generation device.

[0010] The utility model patent document with the patent number CN 202021024886.0 records "a ventilation and heat dissipation type energy storage solar photovoltaic panel", which uses heat dissipation fins and a heat dissipation fan to dissipate heat from the photovoltaic panel, so that heat does not accumulate in the solar photovoltaic panel and avoid damage to the solar photovoltaic panel.

[0011] The invention patent document with the patent number CN 202411120224.6 records "a combined device for building daylighting and ventilation integration", which adds a photovoltaic energy storage unit to store energy on the ventilation unit of the building roof, and the ventilation mechanism is installed on the angle adjustment unit to improve the ventilation and daylighting effects.

[0012] The above-mentioned device takes into account dissipating heat from the photovoltaic module to reduce the damage to the photovoltaic panel and lithium battery caused by heat accumulation and improve the photoelectric conversion efficiency, but ignores the utilization of the waste heat of the photovoltaic panel and does not consider using this waste heat to meet user needs and thus improve energy utilization efficiency. Summary of the Invention

[0013] The present invention proposes a photovoltaic energy storage ventilation device, which solves the problem existing in the prior art that the utilization of the waste heat of the photovoltaic panel is ignored and the waste heat is not considered to be utilized to meet user needs and thus improve energy utilization efficiency.

[0014] The photovoltaic energy storage ventilation device described in the present invention includes a photovoltaic panel, a storage battery, a fan, an electric heater, a heat storage and release module, a supply air duct and a temperature control device;

[0015] One end of the duct of the supply air duct is a fresh air inlet, which is arranged facing the outdoor direction; the fresh air inlet has two states of opening and closing; when the fresh air inlet is open, it is used to introduce fresh outdoor air into the duct of the supply air duct.

[0016] An air return opening is provided on the side wall of the duct of the supply air duct near the fresh air inlet; the air return opening has two states of opening and closing; when the air return opening is open, it is used to introduce indoor air return into the duct of the supply air duct.

[0017] The air duct direction is from the fresh air inlet or the air return opening along the duct of the supply air duct towards the other end of the duct; a photovoltaic panel, a storage battery, a fan and a heat storage and release module are arranged in sequence according to the air duct direction.

[0018] The panel of the photovoltaic panel is arranged outdoors to receive solar energy; the back panel of the photovoltaic panel is arranged inside the duct of the supply air duct and is exposed to the airflow inside the duct.

[0019] The storage battery is electrically connected to the photovoltaic panel and is used to store the received solar energy in the storage battery in the form of electric energy; the storage battery is arranged on the inner upper wall of the duct of the supply air duct and is exposed to the airflow inside the duct.

[0020] The blower is arranged inside the duct of the air supply duct, and is used to introduce fresh air from the outdoor air or indoor return air of the indoor air into the duct of the air supply duct;

[0021] The heat storage and release module is arranged to wrap the duct of the air supply duct; an electric heater is installed inside the heat storage and release module;

[0022] The duct of the air supply duct before the blower is arranged outdoors; the duct of the air supply duct after the blower is arranged in the wall between the indoor and outdoor;

[0023] The temperature control device is used to control the start and stop of the blower and the electric heater, as well as the opening and closing of the fresh air inlet and the return air inlet.

[0024] Furthermore, a preferred embodiment is provided, and the air supply duct adopts a composite fiberglass duct.

[0025] Furthermore, a preferred embodiment is provided, and an anti-freezing coating is applied to the air supply duct.

[0026] Furthermore, a preferred embodiment is provided, and the blower is a silent blower.

[0027] Furthermore, a preferred embodiment is provided, and the duct of the air supply duct wrapped by the heat storage and release module adopts an aluminum alloy material.

[0028] Furthermore, a preferred embodiment is provided, and the heat storage and release module includes a water tank, an electric heater and a heat insulation material;

[0029] A heat storage medium is provided in the water tank;

[0030] The electric heater is used to heat the heat storage medium in the water tank;

[0031] The outside of the water tank is wrapped with a heat insulation material.

[0032] Furthermore, a preferred embodiment is provided, and the device further includes a temperature sensor;

[0033] The temperature sensor is used to monitor the temperatures of the indoor, outdoor and heat storage and release module;

[0034] The temperature control device is used to control the start and stop of the blower and the electric heater, as well as the opening and closing of the fresh air inlet and the return air inlet according to the temperatures of the indoor, outdoor and heat storage and release module, so as to regulate the indoor temperature.

[0035] Furthermore, a preferred embodiment is provided, and the temperature sensor is further used to monitor the temperatures of the electric heater and the battery, so as to avoid abnormal operation of the electric heater and the battery due to overheating.

[0036] Further, a preferred embodiment is provided, in which the temperature control device regulates the indoor temperature by using the air energy of outdoor air, the waste heat generated by the photovoltaic panel and the storage battery during operation, the heat generated by the electric heater, and the waste heat of the heat storage and release module.

[0037] Further, a preferred embodiment is provided, and the method for the temperature control device to regulate the indoor temperature is as follows:

[0038] When the indoor temperature is greater than the upper threshold of the indoor temperature, turn off the electric heater and the return air outlet; determine whether the outdoor temperature is less than the indoor temperature:

[0039] If the outdoor temperature is less than the indoor temperature, turn on the fan and introduce fresh air of outdoor air to cool the indoor temperature until the indoor temperature is equal to the outdoor temperature or the indoor temperature reaches the lower threshold of the indoor temperature;

[0040] Otherwise, turn off the fan and the fresh air outlet;

[0041] When the indoor temperature is less than the lower threshold of the indoor temperature, turn on the fan and control the start and stop of the electric heater and the opening and closing of the fresh air outlet and the return air outlet according to the temperatures of the indoor, outdoor and heat storage and release modules to heat the indoor temperature:

[0042] When the outdoor temperature is greater than the indoor temperature and the temperature of the heat storage and release module is greater than the heat storage medium temperature threshold:

[0043] Open the fresh air outlet, close the return air outlet and turn off the electric heater, so that the fresh air of outdoor air carrying air energy enters the pipeline of the air supply duct from the fresh air outlet, absorbs the waste heat generated by the photovoltaic panel and the storage battery during operation and the waste heat of the heat storage and release module, and then heats the indoor temperature;

[0044] When the outdoor temperature is greater than the indoor temperature and the temperature of the heat storage and release module is less than the heat storage medium temperature threshold:

[0045] Open the fresh air outlet, close the return air outlet and turn on the electric heater, so that the fresh air of outdoor air carrying air energy enters the pipeline of the air supply duct from the fresh air outlet, absorbs the waste heat generated by the photovoltaic panel and the storage battery during operation and the heat absorbed by the heat storage and release module from the electric heater, and then heats the indoor temperature;

[0046] When the outdoor temperature is less than the indoor temperature and the temperature of the heat storage and release module is greater than the heat storage medium temperature threshold:

[0047] Close the fresh air outlet, open the return air outlet and turn off the electric heater, so that the indoor return air of the indoor air enters the pipeline of the air supply duct from the return air outlet, absorbs the waste heat generated by the photovoltaic panel and the storage battery during operation and the waste heat of the heat storage and release module, and then heats the indoor temperature;

[0048] When the outdoor temperature is lower than the indoor temperature and the temperature of the heat storage and release module is lower than the heat storage medium temperature threshold:

[0049] Close the fresh air inlet, open the return air inlet and turn on the electric heater, so that the indoor return air of the indoor air enters the duct of the supply air duct from the return air inlet, absorbs the waste heat generated by the photovoltaic panel and the battery during operation, and absorbs the heat generated by the electric heater through the heat storage and release module, and then heats the indoor temperature.

[0050] Compared with ordinary ventilation devices, the present invention provides a ventilation device with photovoltaic energy storage and electric heating, which uses photovoltaic power generation to heat air so that it carries heat and ventilates indoors, increases the indoor air temperature or provides heat to the heat storage and release module. The hot water (heat storage medium) in the heat storage and release module has a fast heat release speed, and the specific heat capacity of water is high, so it can store more heat, thus it is easy to achieve efficient utilization of thermal energy to maintain the indoor comfortable temperature and provide domestic hot water to users.

[0051] From the aspect of energy conservation, the present invention simultaneously utilizes air energy and solar energy to reduce the power consumption in non-heating areas in winter, and stores the excess thermal energy during the peak electricity consumption period at night, and can release the thermal energy to relieve the electricity demand of users using air conditioners, electric heaters and water heaters.

[0052] Its advantages can be summarized as follows:

[0053] 1. It has a heating function. An (ultra-quiet type) electric heater is used to adjust the indoor temperature, and the air with a higher outdoor temperature than the indoor temperature during the day (air energy, or air thermal energy) is used to supply heat to the room, thereby improving the thermal comfort of indoor personnel in the transitional season.

[0054] 2. It has a heat storage function. Water is used as the heat storage medium to heat the indoor air when the indoor temperature is low and people feel uncomfortable, improving the utilization rate of renewable energy such as solar energy and air energy.

[0055] 3. Temperature system adjustment. The heat storage and heat release of the electric heater and the water tank (heat storage and release module) can be controlled according to the actual situation to adjust the indoor temperature.

[0056] 4. It has an energy-saving function. By converting solar energy and air energy into electric energy and thermal energy and storing them in the lithium battery (storage battery) and the heat storage and release module, compared with ordinary ventilation devices, the usage rates of air conditioners and water heaters in the transitional season can be effectively reduced to avoid the power trough; compared with other ventilation devices with built-in heaters, the electric heater and the fan can be powered by the electric energy converted from cleaner solar energy.

[0057] The photovoltaic energy storage ventilation device described in the present invention is suitable for heating and ventilation in non-heating areas in winter. Description of the Drawings

[0058] To more clearly illustrate the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention, the following will briefly introduce the attached drawings required for the embodiments. Obviously, the attached drawings in the following description are only some embodiments of the present invention. For those of ordinary skill in the art, without creative efforts, other attached drawings can also be obtained based on these attached drawings.

[0059] Figure 1 In one embodiment of the present invention, it is a schematic structural diagram of a photovoltaic energy storage ventilation device;

[0060] Figure 2 In one embodiment of the present invention, it is a schematic diagram of the first operating condition of the photovoltaic energy storage ventilation device when the outdoor temperature is higher than the indoor temperature and the temperature of the heat storage and release module is higher than the heat storage medium temperature threshold;

[0061] Figure 3 In one embodiment of the present invention, it is a schematic diagram of the second operating condition of the photovoltaic energy storage ventilation device when the outdoor temperature is higher than the indoor temperature and the temperature of the heat storage and release module is lower than the heat storage medium temperature threshold (also corresponding to the first operating condition when used in North China and southern regions);

[0062] Figure 4 In one embodiment of the present invention, it is a schematic diagram of the third operating condition of the photovoltaic energy storage ventilation device when the outdoor temperature is lower than the indoor temperature and the temperature of the heat storage and release module is higher than the heat storage medium temperature threshold (also corresponding to the second operating condition when used in North China and southern regions);

[0063] Figure 5 In one embodiment of the present invention, it is a schematic diagram of the fourth operating condition of the photovoltaic energy storage ventilation device when the outdoor temperature is lower than the indoor temperature and the temperature of the heat storage and release module is lower than the heat storage medium temperature threshold (also corresponding to the third operating condition when used in North China and southern regions);

[0064] Figure 6 In one embodiment of the present invention, it is a schematic flowchart of a method for regulating the indoor temperature using a temperature control device;

[0065] Figure 7 In one embodiment of the present invention, it is a schematic flowchart of a method for regulating the indoor temperature using a temperature control device when applied to North China and southern regions;

[0066] Reference numerals:

[0067] 1. Photovoltaic panel; 2. Storage battery; 3. Fan; 4. Electric heater; 5. Heat storage and release module; 6. Air supply duct; 101. Fresh air inlet; 102. Return air inlet; 201. Fresh air; 202. Indoor return air; 301. Outdoor air; 302. Indoor air; 401. Wall. Specific Embodiment

[0068] To make the technical solutions and advantages of the present invention more clearly described, the specific embodiments of the present invention will be further described in detail and completely below in conjunction with the accompanying drawings. The following described various embodiments are only some preferred solutions of the present invention, rather than all the implementation solutions; the following described various embodiments are intended to explain the present invention and should not be construed as a limitation to the present invention; the reasonable combination of the technical features defined in the various embodiments of the present invention, and all other embodiments obtained by those of ordinary skill in the art without creative work based on the embodiments of the present invention, fall within the scope of protection of the present invention.

[0069] Embodiment 1: A photovoltaic energy storage ventilation device, the device includes a photovoltaic panel, a storage battery, a fan, an electric heater, a heat storage and release module, a supply air duct, and a temperature control device;

[0070] One end of the duct of the supply air duct is a fresh air inlet, and the fresh air inlet is arranged facing the outdoor direction; the fresh air inlet has two states of opening and closing; when the fresh air inlet is open, it is used to introduce fresh outdoor air into the duct of the supply air duct.

[0071] On the side wall of the duct of the supply air duct near the fresh air inlet, an air return opening is provided; the air return opening has two states of opening and closing; when the air return opening is open, it is used to introduce indoor air return into the duct of the supply air duct.

[0072] The direction from the fresh air inlet or the air return opening along the duct of the supply air duct towards the other end of the duct is the air duct direction; a photovoltaic panel, a storage battery, a fan, and a heat storage and release module are arranged in sequence according to the air duct direction.

[0073] The panel of the photovoltaic panel is arranged outdoors for receiving solar energy; the back panel of the photovoltaic panel is arranged inside the duct of the supply air duct and is exposed to the air flow inside the duct.

[0074] The storage battery is electrically connected to the photovoltaic panel and is used to store the received solar energy in the storage battery in the form of electric energy; the storage battery is arranged on the inner upper wall of the duct of the supply air duct and is exposed to the air flow inside the duct.

[0075] The fan is arranged inside the duct of the supply air duct and is used to introduce fresh outdoor air or indoor air return into the duct of the supply air duct.

[0076] The heat storage and release module is arranged to wrap the duct of the supply air duct; an electric heater is installed inside the heat storage and release module.

[0077] The duct of the supply air duct before the fan is arranged outdoors; the duct of the supply air duct after the fan is arranged inside the wall between the indoor and outdoor.

[0078] The temperature control device is used to control the start and stop of the fan and the electric heater, as well as the opening and closing of the fresh air inlet and the return air outlet.

[0079] In this embodiment, when the return air outlet of the air supply duct is opened, it is communicated with the indoor space, and is used to introduce the indoor return air of the indoor air into the duct of the air supply duct.

[0080] In this embodiment, the fresh air inlet is used to introduce fresh air from the outdoor, and the return air outlet is used to introduce the indoor return air of the indoor air; the fresh air of the outdoor air or the (indoor) return air of the indoor air is used to dissipate heat from the photovoltaic panel and the battery, so as to maintain the stable operation of the photovoltaic panel and the battery (such as reducing the negative temperature effect), and at the same time, the waste heat generated by the photovoltaic panel and the battery during operation and the heat released by the heat storage and release module are brought into the room to heat the room.

[0081] In this embodiment, the battery is a lithium battery.

[0082] In this embodiment, the photovoltaic panel is a photovoltaic thin film laid on the upper and side parts of the outer side of the air supply duct.

[0083] In this embodiment, by arranging the duct of the air supply duct before the fan outdoors and the duct of the air supply duct after the fan in the wall between the indoor and outdoor, part of the heat generated when the photovoltaic panel and the battery work is taken away by the outdoor air outside the photovoltaic panel, and the other part is taken away by the fresh air inhaled into the duct of the air supply duct and recycled into the room. In this way, on the one hand, the power generation efficiency of the photovoltaic panel and the charge and discharge efficiency of the battery are improved, the service life of the photovoltaic module is extended, and the risk of hot spots is reduced; on the other hand, the heat of the fresh air can be recycled into the room for temperature control, saving energy.

[0084] In this embodiment, when the photovoltaic module (photovoltaic panel, battery and other components) is operating, the fan drives the outdoor air to flow under the photovoltaic panel and over the battery (lithium battery) and takes away the heat generated by both, so that the photovoltaic module maintains a lower temperature, improving its power generation efficiency and charge and discharge efficiency; at the same time, the heat of the fresh air can be recycled into the room for temperature control, saving indoor electric energy.

[0085] In this embodiment, the air duct direction of the fresh air of the outdoor air is from the fresh air inlet along the duct of the air supply duct towards the other end of the duct.

[0086] In this embodiment, the air duct direction of the indoor return air of the indoor air is from the return air outlet along the duct of the air supply duct towards the other end of the duct.

[0087] In this embodiment, when the return air outlet is used to heat the indoor air with fresh air that does not require outdoor air, the indoor return air that is inhaled into the room by the fan is used to dissipate heat from the photovoltaic panel and the battery, and at the same time absorb the heat released by the heat storage and release module, and send hot air into the room.

[0088] In this embodiment, the temperature control device is installed indoors.

[0089] In this embodiment, the photovoltaic energy storage silent ventilation device is a temperature-controlled ventilation device with a high energy-saving rate and heat storage capacity.

[0090] In this embodiment, photovoltaic panels are used for power generation:

[0091] Photovoltaic power generation has the characteristics of being clean and environmentally friendly. Compared with other power generation devices, no greenhouse gases or other pollutants are generated during the power generation process;

[0092] Photovoltaic power generation also has flexibility. Modular facilities can be constructed during equipment installation, and its components can be increased or decreased as needed.

[0093] In this embodiment, the combination of photovoltaic and lithium batteries (batteries) with the heat storage and release module can store and discharge electricity and heat energy to meet the intermittent energy supply requirements of small buildings; the combination of photovoltaic panels and ventilation devices not only alleviates the problem that the heat generated by photovoltaic panels reduces the power generation efficiency (i.e., the negative temperature effect), but also improves space utilization and makes the air supply duct more beautiful.

[0094] In this embodiment, while considering dissipating heat from the photovoltaic components to reduce the damage to the photovoltaic panel and lithium battery (battery) caused by heat accumulation, during the actual use of the photovoltaic panel, this part of the waste heat is fully utilized to supply heat to meet the temperature comfort of indoor personnel or hot water for daily life.

[0095] In this embodiment, the solar energy is utilized in a cascaded manner. Not only is the solar energy converted into electric energy, but also the waste heat of the photovoltaic components is recovered during the ventilation stage and combined with the heat storage and release module to store and release heat, making the regulation of indoor temperature more accurate and improving the energy utilization rate of the ventilation device.

[0096] In addition, in one embodiment, the fan and the electric heater are powered by a battery.

[0097] In addition, in one embodiment, the fan and the electric heater are powered by an indoor power supply.

[0098] In addition, in one embodiment, the fan and the electric heater are powered by a battery and assisted by an indoor power supply.

[0099] In this embodiment, the electric heater is selected as a household electric heater, and its power is selected to be about 2000w.

[0100] In this embodiment, by connecting to the indoor power supply (using the indoor power supply as auxiliary power supply), it is avoided that the photovoltaic power generation is insufficient due to long-term rainy weather, which in turn causes the fan and electric heater to be unable to be activated.

[0101] Embodiment 2: The air supply duct is a composite glass fiber air duct.

[0102] In this embodiment, a composite glass fiber air duct is used as the air supply duct, so that the air supply duct is corrosion-resistant, lightweight, and has good fire and water resistance. It still has good sealing properties in rainy weather, thereby preventing water leakage from damaging the battery. It also prevents fires caused by poor fire resistance of the pipe when the battery is damaged and overheated.

[0103] Embodiment 3: An antifreeze coating is applied on the air supply pipe.

[0104] In this embodiment, an antifreeze coating is applied to the air supply pipe to prevent the battery, fan, heater and other equipment from freezing in winter or under extreme weather conditions.

[0105] Embodiment 4: The fan is a silent fan.

[0106] In this embodiment, a silent fan is selected to reduce the noise generated when the fan delivers air to the room, thereby avoiding the impact of the noise on the daily life of indoor people.

[0107] In addition, in one embodiment, the fan is a fan provided by the electric heater, that is, the electric heater is an electric heater with a fan. Further, the electric heater with a fan is an electric heater with a silent fan.

[0108] In the electric heater with a fan, the fan and the electric heater can operate independently, and the electric heater can be turned off when only fresh air is needed indoors or only the heat storage and release module needs to release heat.

[0109] Embodiment 5: The air supply pipe wrapped by the heat storage and release module is made of aluminum alloy material.

[0110] In the present embodiment, by making the air supply pipe wrapped by the heat storage and release module adopt aluminum alloy material, taking advantage of the characteristics of aluminum alloy material having high thermal conductivity and low price, the air in the air supply pipe and the heat storage and release module have high heat exchange efficiency at a low cost.

[0111] The heat storage and release module (4) wraps around a portion of the air supply pipe (5), and this portion of the air pipe is made of a low-cost aluminum alloy with high thermal conductivity to ensure heat exchange between the air and the heat storage and release module (4) during the operation of the fan, and to prevent debris in the air from entering the water tank and polluting the water.

[0112] Embodiment 6: The heat storage and release module includes a water tank, an electric heater, and a heat insulation material;

[0113] A heat storage medium is provided in the water tank;

[0114] The electric heater is used to heat the heat storage medium in the water tank;

[0115] The outer side of the water tank is wrapped with a heat insulation material.

[0116] In this embodiment, the heat storage medium is heated by the hot air in the electric heater and the duct of the air supply duct.

[0117] For example, when the fan in the duct of the air supply duct starts, the hot air flows through the duct, thereby heating the heat storage medium in the heat storage and release module.

[0118] In this embodiment, the heat storage medium heats the room by dissipating heat to the cold air in the duct of the air supply duct.

[0119] In this embodiment, the water tank is used to prevent sundries in the air from entering the water tank and polluting the heat storage medium (such as water).

[0120] In this embodiment, the overall appearance of the water tank can be annular or arc-shaped, which is convenient for wrapping the duct of the air supply duct.

[0121] In this embodiment, the heat insulation material is heat insulation cotton or other heat insulation materials, which is used to reduce unnecessary heat dissipation.

[0122] In addition, in one embodiment, water is used as the heat storage medium.

[0123] In addition, in one embodiment, the water tank is provided with a hot water outlet for supplying domestic hot water.

[0124] In this embodiment, after absorbing heat and storing energy, the heat storage and release module can release heat to the indoor air or supply domestic hot water to users as needed, making full and flexible use of energy.

[0125] Embodiment 7: The device further includes a temperature sensor;

[0126] The temperature sensor is used to monitor the temperatures of the indoor, outdoor, and heat storage and release module;

[0127] The temperature control device is used to control the start and stop of the fan and the electric heater and the opening and closing of the fresh air inlet and the return air inlet according to the temperatures of the indoor, outdoor, and heat storage and release module, so as to regulate the indoor temperature.

[0128] In this embodiment, the temperature sensor is arranged at the heat storage and release module, the fresh air inlet, and the return air inlet:

[0129] According to the temperature sensor at the heat storage and release module (specifically inside the water tank), monitor the temperature of the heat storage and release module (specifically, monitor the water temperature inside the water tank);

[0130] According to the temperature sensor at the fresh air inlet, monitor the temperature of the outdoor (air);

[0131] According to the temperature sensor at the return air inlet, monitor the temperature of the indoor (air).

[0132] In this embodiment, the data sampling period of the temperature sensor is 5 min.

[0133] Embodiment 8: The temperature sensor is also used to monitor the temperatures of the electric heater and the storage battery to prevent abnormal operation of the electric heater and the storage battery due to overheating.

[0134] In this embodiment, the temperature sensor is also arranged at the electric heater and the storage battery:

[0135] According to the temperature sensor at the electric heater, monitor the temperature of the electric heater;

[0136] According to the temperature sensor at the storage battery, monitor the temperature of the storage battery.

[0137] Embodiment 9: The temperature control device regulates the indoor temperature by using the air energy of outdoor air, the waste heat generated during the operation of the photovoltaic panel and the storage battery, the heat generated by the electric heater, and the waste heat of the heat storage and release module.

[0138] In this embodiment, when the temperature control device uses the waste heat generated during the operation of the photovoltaic panel and the storage battery to regulate the indoor (air) temperature (i.e., heat the indoor), the photovoltaic energy storage ventilation device also uses the fresh air of outdoor air or the indoor return air of indoor air to dissipate heat from the photovoltaic panel and the storage battery to maintain the stable operation of the photovoltaic panel and the storage battery. For example, by dissipating heat, the negative temperature effect is reduced, and the photovoltaic panel maintains a stable power generation efficiency.

[0139] Embodiment 10: The method for the temperature control device to regulate the indoor temperature is as follows:

[0140] When the indoor temperature is greater than the upper threshold of the indoor temperature, turn off the electric heater and the return air inlet; determine whether the outdoor temperature is less than the indoor temperature:

[0141] If the outdoor temperature is less than the indoor temperature, turn on the fan and introduce the fresh air of outdoor air to cool the indoor temperature until the indoor temperature is equal to the outdoor temperature or the indoor temperature reaches the lower threshold of the indoor temperature;

[0142] Otherwise, turn off the fan and the fresh air inlet;

[0143] When the indoor temperature is lower than the lower threshold of the indoor temperature, turn on the fan, and control the start and stop of the electric heater and the opening and closing of the fresh air inlet and the return air inlet according to the temperatures of the indoor, outdoor, and heat storage and release module, so as to heat the indoor temperature:

[0144] When the outdoor temperature is higher than the indoor temperature and the temperature of the heat storage and release module is higher than the heat storage medium temperature threshold:

[0145] Open the fresh air inlet, close the return air inlet and turn off the electric heater, so that the fresh air carrying air energy from the outdoor air enters the pipeline of the supply air duct through the fresh air inlet, absorbs the waste heat generated by the photovoltaic panel and the storage battery during operation and the waste heat of the heat storage and release module, and then heats the indoor temperature;

[0146] When the outdoor temperature is higher than the indoor temperature and the temperature of the heat storage and release module is lower than the heat storage medium temperature threshold:

[0147] Open the fresh air inlet, close the return air inlet and turn on the electric heater, so that the fresh air carrying air energy from the outdoor air enters the pipeline of the supply air duct through the fresh air inlet, absorbs the waste heat generated by the photovoltaic panel and the storage battery during operation and the heat generated by the electric heater absorbed through the heat storage and release module, and then heats the indoor temperature;

[0148] When the outdoor temperature is lower than the indoor temperature and the temperature of the heat storage and release module is higher than the heat storage medium temperature threshold:

[0149] Close the fresh air inlet, open the return air inlet and turn off the electric heater, so that the indoor return air of the indoor air enters the pipeline of the supply air duct through the return air inlet, absorbs the waste heat generated by the photovoltaic panel and the storage battery during operation and the waste heat of the heat storage and release module, and then heats the indoor temperature;

[0150] When the outdoor temperature is lower than the indoor temperature and the temperature of the heat storage and release module is lower than the heat storage medium temperature threshold:

[0151] Close the fresh air inlet, open the return air inlet and turn on the electric heater, so that the indoor return air of the indoor air enters the pipeline of the supply air duct through the return air inlet, absorbs the waste heat generated by the photovoltaic panel and the storage battery during operation and the heat generated by the electric heater absorbed through the heat storage and release module, and then heats the indoor temperature.

[0152] In this embodiment, in addition to using the heat of the electric heater and the photovoltaic panel, the air energy when the outdoor temperature is higher than the indoor temperature in winter in the southern region is also used to heat the indoor.

[0153] In this embodiment, a temperature control device is used to achieve the automatic control of the indoor temperature, and corresponding operation adjustments are made for different indoor and outdoor temperatures and the temperature of the heat storage and release module.

[0154] In this embodiment, when the indoor temperature is between the upper limit threshold and the lower limit threshold of the indoor temperature, the electric heater and the fan are turned off to save energy; the fresh air inlet and the return air inlet can be opened or closed according to the ventilation requirements.

[0155] In this embodiment, the temperature of the heat storage and release module being greater than the heat storage medium temperature threshold means that the temperature of the heat storage medium (such as water) in the heat storage and release module is greater than the heat storage medium temperature threshold.

[0156] In addition, in one embodiment, the upper limit threshold of the indoor temperature is 28 °C.

[0157] In addition, in one embodiment, the lower limit threshold of the indoor temperature is 18 °C.

[0158] In addition, in one embodiment, the heat storage medium temperature threshold is 60 °C.

[0159] In this embodiment, when the outdoor temperature is greater than the indoor temperature and the temperature of the heat storage and release module is greater than the heat storage medium temperature threshold:

[0160] The temperature of the outdoor air is greater than the temperature of the indoor air, that is, the outdoor air carries air energy (or air heat energy);

[0161] The photovoltaic panel and the battery will generate waste heat during operation, and this part of the waste heat will be taken away by the fresh air of the outdoor air, that is, the photovoltaic panel and the battery are cooled;

[0162] The temperature of the heat storage and release module is greater than the heat storage medium temperature threshold. At this time, to prevent the electric heater from overheating, the electric heater can be turned off (however, if the high outdoor temperature does not last long, the electric heater can also be turned on to accelerate the indoor heating speed);

[0163] At this time, the indoor is heated by using the air energy of the outdoor air, the waste heat generated by the photovoltaic panel and the battery during operation, and the waste heat of the heat storage and release module.

[0164] In this embodiment, when the outdoor temperature is greater than the indoor temperature and the temperature of the heat storage and release module is less than the heat storage medium temperature threshold:

[0165] The temperature of the heat storage and release module is less than the heat storage medium temperature threshold. To accelerate the indoor heating speed, the electric heater is turned on.

[0166] At this time, the indoor is heated by using the air energy of the outdoor air, the waste heat generated by the photovoltaic panel and the battery during operation, and the heat generated by the electric heater.

[0167] In this embodiment, when the outdoor temperature is less than the indoor temperature:

[0168] The temperature of the outdoor air is lower than that of the indoor air, so it is impossible to use the outdoor air energy to heat the indoor space.

[0169] The waste heat generated by the photovoltaic panel and the storage battery during operation is taken away by the indoor return air of the indoor air, that is, the photovoltaic panel and the storage battery are cooled.

[0170] In addition, in one embodiment, when the photovoltaic energy storage ventilation device is applied to North China and South China regions, after a cold snap occurs in winter in North China and South China regions, the solar radiation increases from noon to afternoon, and there will be a phenomenon that the outdoor temperature is higher than the indoor temperature. However, this phenomenon lasts for a short time. Therefore, when heating the indoor space at this time, the above 4 operating conditions change to 3 operating conditions. That is, when the outdoor temperature is higher than the indoor temperature, regardless of whether the temperature of the heat storage and release module is higher than the heat storage medium temperature threshold, the electric heater is turned on, and the indoor space is heated by using the air energy of the outdoor air, the waste heat generated by the photovoltaic panel and the storage battery during operation, and the heat generated by the electric heater.

[0171] More specifically, the 3 operating conditions are as follows:

[0172] When the indoor temperature is lower than the upper threshold of the indoor temperature, the fan is turned on. According to the indoor temperature (T -in ), the outdoor temperature (T -out ), and the temperature of the heat storage and release module (T -tank ), the start and stop of the electric heater and the opening and closing of the fresh air inlet and the return air inlet are controlled to heat the indoor temperature:

[0173] (1) The first operating condition: When the outdoor temperature (T -in ) is higher than the indoor temperature (T -out ):

[0174] Open the fresh air inlet, close the return air inlet and turn on the electric heater, so that the fresh air of the outdoor air carrying air energy enters the pipeline of the supply air duct from the fresh air inlet, absorbs the waste heat generated by the photovoltaic panel and the storage battery during operation, and the heat generated by the electric heater through the heat storage and release module, and then heats the indoor temperature;

[0175] (2) The second operating condition: When the outdoor temperature is lower than the indoor temperature and the temperature of the heat storage and release module is higher than the heat storage medium temperature threshold:

[0176] Close the fresh air inlet, open the return air inlet and turn off the electric heater, so that the indoor return air of the indoor air enters the pipeline of the supply air duct from the return air inlet, absorbs the waste heat generated by the photovoltaic panel and the storage battery during operation, and the waste heat of the heat storage and release module, and then heats the indoor temperature;

[0177] (3) The third operating condition: When the outdoor temperature is lower than the indoor temperature and the temperature of the heat storage and release module is lower than the heat storage medium temperature threshold:

[0178] Close the fresh air inlet, open the return air inlet and turn on the electric heater, so that the indoor return air of the indoor air enters the pipeline of the supply air duct from the return air inlet, absorbs the waste heat generated by the photovoltaic panel and the storage battery during operation, and the heat generated by the electric heater through the heat storage and release module, and then heats the indoor temperature.

[0179] It should be noted that the patent document with the patent number CN 202311422804.6 discloses using the entire building wall as an energy storage structure; the patent document with the patent number CN 202221584105.2 discloses directly setting the photovoltaic panel in the wall.

[0180] Compared with the above patent documents, in this embodiment, the heat storage and release module is separated from the wall, and the heat storage and release module only arranges heat storage and release on the supply air duct:

[0181] On the one hand, it can avoid affecting other user walls connected to the building wall or causing heat accumulation in soil heat dissipation.

[0182] On the other hand, the hot water of the heat storage and release module can not only release heat to heat the indoor air, but also be used as domestic hot water for users.

[0183] It should be noted that the utility model patent document with the patent number CN 202221584105.2 records "a photovoltaic building integration device combining energy storage and waste heat utilization of photovoltaic components". Although it discloses collecting and utilizing the heat generated by photovoltaic components for indoor heating and heating indoor water, it has some problems:

[0184] On the one hand, after its photovoltaic panel stops being used, the cooling water still remains in the pipeline. If the heat storage tank does not release heat in time, even if the storage battery stops working, its temperature is still difficult to decrease due to the high-temperature water remaining in the liquid cooling pipeline. In this embodiment, when the photovoltaic module (photovoltaic panel + storage battery) is in use, forced air convection is used to dissipate heat for it, and it can also maintain a lower outdoor temperature when it stops being used at night.

[0185] On the other hand, the heat storage and release process of its water tank lacks flexibility and cannot store heat again when the photovoltaic panel is in a non-working state after releasing heat. In this embodiment, heat storage is not only dependent on the waste heat of photovoltaic components, but also includes outdoor air (air heat energy) and an electric heater (powered by the photovoltaic panel) for heat storage.

[0186] The above further describes the technical solutions provided by the present invention through several specific embodiments to highlight the advantages and beneficial effects of the technical solutions provided by the present invention. However, the several specific embodiments described above are not used as a limitation to the present invention. Any reasonable modification and improvement of the present invention, reasonable combination of implementation manners, equivalent substitution, etc. within the spirit and principle of the present invention shall be included within the protection scope of the present invention.

Claims

1. Photovoltaic energy storage ventilation device, characterized in that, The device includes a photovoltaic panel, a storage battery, a fan, an electric heater, a heat storage and release module, an air supply duct, and a temperature control device; One end of the duct of the air supply duct is a fresh air inlet, and the fresh air inlet is arranged facing the outdoor direction; the fresh air inlet has two states: open and closed; when the fresh air inlet is open, it is used to introduce fresh outdoor air into the duct of the air supply duct; An air return opening is formed on the side wall of the duct of the air supply duct near the fresh air inlet; the air return opening has two states: open and closed; when the air return opening is open, it is used to introduce indoor return air into the duct of the air supply duct; The direction from the fresh air inlet or the air return opening along the duct of the air supply duct towards the other end of the duct is the air duct direction; a photovoltaic panel, a storage battery, a fan, and a heat storage and release module are arranged in sequence according to the air duct direction; The panel of the photovoltaic panel is arranged outdoors and is used to receive solar energy; the back panel of the photovoltaic panel is arranged inside the duct of the air supply duct and is exposed to the air flow inside the duct; The storage battery is electrically connected to the photovoltaic panel and is used to store the received solar energy in the storage battery in the form of electric energy; the storage battery is arranged on the inner upper wall of the duct of the air supply duct and is exposed to the air flow inside the duct; The fan is arranged inside the duct of the air supply duct and is used to introduce fresh outdoor air or indoor return air into the duct of the air supply duct; The heat storage and release module is arranged to wrap the duct of the air supply duct; an electric heater is installed inside the heat storage and release module; The duct of the air supply duct before the fan is arranged outdoors; the duct of the air supply duct after the fan is arranged inside the wall between the indoor and outdoor; The temperature control device is used to control the start and stop of the fan and the electric heater, as well as the opening and closing of the fresh air inlet and the air return opening.

2. The photovoltaic energy storage ventilation device according to claim 1, characterized in that, The air supply duct adopts a composite fiberglass duct.

3. The photovoltaic energy storage ventilation device according to claim 1, characterized in that, An anti-freezing coating is applied on the air supply duct.

4. The photovoltaic energy storage ventilation device according to claim 1, characterized in that, The fan is a silent fan.

5. The photovoltaic energy storage ventilation device according to claim 1, characterized in that, The duct of the air supply duct wrapped by the heat storage and release module adopts an aluminum alloy material.

6. The photovoltaic energy storage ventilation device according to claim 1, characterized in that, The heat storage and release module includes a water tank, an electric heater, and a heat insulation material; A heat storage medium is provided in the water tank; The electric heater is used to heat the heat storage medium in the water tank; The outside of the water tank is wrapped with a heat insulation material.

7. The photovoltaic energy storage ventilation device according to claim 1, characterized in that, The device further includes a temperature sensor; The temperature sensor is used to monitor the temperatures of the indoor, outdoor, and heat storage and release module; The temperature control device is used to control the start and stop of the fan and the electric heater, as well as the opening and closing of the fresh air inlet and the air return opening according to the temperatures of the indoor, outdoor, and heat storage and release module, so as to regulate the indoor temperature.

8. The photovoltaic energy storage ventilation device according to claim 7, wherein, The temperature sensor is also used to monitor the temperatures of the electric heater and the storage battery to avoid abnormal operation of the electric heater and the storage battery due to overheating.

9. The photovoltaic energy storage ventilation device according to claim 7, wherein, The temperature control device regulates the indoor temperature by using the air energy of the outdoor air, the waste heat generated during the operation of the photovoltaic panel and the storage battery, the heat generated by the electric heater, and the waste heat of the heat storage and release module.

10. The photovoltaic energy storage ventilation device according to claim 7, characterized in that, The method for the temperature control device to regulate the indoor temperature is as follows: When the indoor temperature is greater than the upper threshold of the indoor temperature, turn off the electric heater and the air return opening; judge whether the outdoor temperature is less than the indoor temperature: If the outdoor temperature is lower than the indoor temperature, turn on the fan and introduce fresh outdoor air to cool the indoor environment until the indoor temperature equals the outdoor temperature or reaches the lower limit threshold of the indoor temperature. Otherwise, turn off the fan and the fresh air inlet. When the indoor temperature is lower than the lower limit threshold of the indoor temperature, turn on the fan and control the start and stop of the electric heater, as well as the opening and closing of the fresh air inlet and the return air inlet, based on the temperatures of the indoor, outdoor, and heat storage and release module, to heat the indoor temperature: When the outdoor temperature is higher than the indoor temperature and the temperature of the heat storage and release module is higher than the heat storage medium temperature threshold: Open the fresh air inlet, close the return air inlet, and turn off the electric heater. Let the fresh air carrying air energy enter the duct of the supply air pipe from the fresh air inlet, absorb the waste heat generated by the photovoltaic panel and the battery during operation, as well as the waste heat of the heat storage and release module, and then heat the indoor temperature. When the outdoor temperature is higher than the indoor temperature and the temperature of the heat storage and release module is lower than the heat storage medium temperature threshold: Open the fresh air inlet, close the return air inlet, and turn on the electric heater. Let the fresh air carrying air energy enter the duct of the supply air pipe from the fresh air inlet, absorb the waste heat generated by the photovoltaic panel and the battery during operation, as well as the heat absorbed by the heat storage and release module from the electric heater, and then heat the indoor temperature. When the outdoor temperature is lower than the indoor temperature and the temperature of the heat storage and release module is higher than the heat storage medium temperature threshold: Close the fresh air inlet, open the return air inlet, and turn off the electric heater. Let the indoor return air of the indoor air enter the duct of the supply air pipe from the return air inlet, absorb the waste heat generated by the photovoltaic panel and the battery during operation, as well as the waste heat of the heat storage and release module, and then heat the indoor temperature. When the outdoor temperature is lower than the indoor temperature and the temperature of the heat storage and release module is lower than the heat storage medium temperature threshold: Close the fresh air inlet, open the return air inlet, and turn on the electric heater. Let the indoor return air of the indoor air enter the duct of the supply air pipe from the return air inlet, absorb the waste heat generated by the photovoltaic panel and the battery during operation, as well as the heat absorbed by the heat storage and release module from the electric heater, and then heat the indoor temperature.

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