High-power direct-current electrode submerged arc furnace

Abstract

The invention relates to the technical field of electrode submerged arc furnaces, in particular to a high-power direct-current electrode submerged arc furnace which comprises a submerged arc furnace body, a furnace cover is fixed to the top end of the submerged arc furnace body, a furnace cover is arranged above the furnace cover, and multiple sets of evenly-distributed multi-section type electrodes are arranged in the furnace cover in a lifting mode. Furnace bottom anodes distributed in a circular arc structure are arranged at the bottom in the submerged arc furnace body, the multi-section type electrode comprises multiple sets of electrode sections, the adjacent electrode sections are connected in an embedded mode through self-healing liquid metal, and a set of bidirectional stirring bases are arranged in the middle in the furnace bottom anodes. A plurality of groups of air curtain nozzles are annularly arranged on the inner wall of the submerged arc furnace body corresponding to the periphery of the upper part of the furnace bottom anode at equal intervals; and a liquid metal cooling pipe group is arranged in the furnace bottom anode. The submerged arc furnace is flexible in structure, convenient to disassemble, energy-saving and efficient.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present invention relates to the technical field of electrode submerged arc furnaces, and particularly to a high-power DC electrode submerged arc furnace. Background Art

[0002] A high-power DC electrode submerged arc furnace is an industrial device used for high-temperature smelting and chemical reactions, and is widely applied in fields such as metal smelting, alloy production, and chemical engineering. Its core feature is to generate high temperature through direct current, and it is suitable for processes with high energy consumption and high temperature requirements.

[0003] The main components of the existing high-power DC electrode submerged arc furnace include a DC power supply system:

[0004] Rectifier: Converts alternating current into direct current.

[0005] Transformer: Adjusts the voltage to meet the process requirements.

[0006] Electrode system;

[0007] Electrode: Usually made of graphite or carbon material, with high temperature resistance and good electrical conductivity.

[0008] Electrode lifting device: Adjusts the electrode position to control the arc length and the temperature inside the furnace.

[0009] Furnace body structure;

[0010] Furnace shell: Made of high-temperature resistant material, with a refractory lining inside.

[0011] Furnace cover: Prevents heat dissipation and gas leakage.

[0012] Cooling system;

[0013] Water cooling system: Cools the electrodes and the furnace body to prevent overheating and damage.

[0014] Control system;

[0015] Automation control system: Monitors and adjusts parameters such as current, voltage, and temperature.

[0016] Safety protection system: Ensures the safe operation of the equipment.

[0017] Its working principle: Direct current generates an arc through the electrodes, heats the materials inside the furnace, the high temperature melts the materials, and smelting or chemical reactions are carried out. The temperature inside the furnace is controlled by adjusting the current and the electrode position. After smelting is completed, the products are discharged through the discharge port.

[0018] After analyzing the existing high-power DC electrode submerged arc furnace, it can be found that there are the following problems during its operation: First, the existing electrodes adopt a single-section structure. During use, large thermal stresses are easily generated during overall heating, increasing the risk of equipment damage. When there is local damage, the whole needs to be replaced, resulting in high maintenance costs;

[0019] Second, the molten materials inside the molten pool have poor fluidity, which easily causes the heat generated by the electrodes to not be quickly transferred and diffused inside, affecting the uniformity of melting heating and thus reducing efficiency;

[0020] Finally, for the cooling drive between the anode plate and the molten pool and the operating power of systems such as the rapid heat transfer, mostly independent operating systems are used, lacking effective connection with each other, resulting in limited overall operating efficiency;

[0021] Therefore, in view of the above problems, this technical solution proposes a high-power DC electrode submerged arc furnace. Summary of the Invention

[0022] The purpose of the present invention is to provide a high-power DC electrode submerged arc furnace to solve the problems raised in the above background technology.

[0023] To achieve the above purpose, the present invention provides the following technical solution:

[0024] A high-power DC electrode submerged arc furnace includes a submerged arc furnace body. A furnace cover is fixed at the top of the submerged arc furnace body. A furnace hood is arranged above the furnace cover. A feed hopper is arranged above the furnace hood and on the floor. The feed hopper extends through the furnace hood into the submerged arc furnace body through a feeding device for conveying ore materials into the interior of the submerged arc furnace body. Inside the furnace hood, multiple groups (even number) of evenly distributed multi-section electrodes are arranged in a lifting manner. The multi-section electrodes are vertically arranged and move up and down along the interior of the submerged arc furnace body. An electrode lifting device for automatically controlling the up and down movement of the multi-section electrodes is connected above the multi-section electrodes. A transformer electrically connected to the multi-section electrodes is arranged on one side of the furnace hood. The transformer is used to provide the energy required for the multi-section electrodes to generate electric arcs;

[0025] At the bottom inside the submerged arc furnace body, a furnace bottom anode distributed in an arc-shaped structure is arranged. The ore materials input into the interior of the submerged arc furnace body are placed on the furnace bottom anode for distribution. At this time, control the multi-section electrodes to descend and the transformer to energize them. A high-temperature electric arc is formed through the electrode conduction of direct current, converting electrical energy into heat energy to melt the materials. The current returns to the positive pole of the power supply through the molten pool (molten materials) via the furnace bottom anode, thus forming a complete closed loop;

[0026] The multi - segment electrode includes multiple groups of electrode segments. The adjacent electrode segments are connected by self - healing liquid metal embedding. An arc end is installed at the end of the lowermost electrode segment, and a lifting connection end is connected to the top of the uppermost electrode segment through a connecting rod. The lifting connection end is connected to the electrode lifting device, which is used to automatically control the lifting of the multi - segment electrode under the control of the electrode lifting device. Among them, a liquid metal filling layer is provided between the opposite contact surfaces of the two groups of electrode segments in the self - healing liquid metal embedding connection. The high conductivity and fluidity of the liquid metal filling layer are used to fill the microscopic gaps. When micro - cracks occur in the electrodes at the connection contact due to thermal expansion or vibration, the liquid metal automatically fills the cracks under capillary action to restore the conductive continuity. A threaded connection protection layer is arranged outside the liquid metal filling layer. The threaded connection protection layer is used to detachably connect the two end electrode segments and prevent the oxidation or evaporation of the liquid metal. By designing the multi - segment electrode, it is convenient to carry out targeted replacement and repair of the electrode, reduce thermal stress at the same time, and with the help of self - healing liquid metal embedding connection, reduce the contact resistance and maintain stable contact;

[0027] A set of bidirectional stirring bases is arranged in the middle of the bottom anode of the furnace. The bidirectional stirring bases are used to bidirectionally stir the molten ore on the upper side of the bottom anode of the furnace. The bidirectional stirring bases include a rotating ring II rotatably arranged in the middle of the bottom anode of the furnace and a rotating ring I rotating in the opposite direction along the outer wall of the circumferential direction of the rotating ring II. The outer wall of the circumferential direction of the rotating ring I away from the rotating ring II is rotatably connected to the inner wall of the submerged - arc furnace corresponding to the bottom of the bottom anode. A bottom bin is opened on the inner wall of the submerged - arc furnace body corresponding to the bottom of the bottom anode. A bidirectional power mechanism is connected to the bottoms of the rotating ring I and the rotating ring II. The bidirectional power mechanism is used to drive the rotating ring I and the rotating ring II to rotate in opposite directions at the same time. When the arc high temperature generated at the arc end melts the ore, it is easy to cause temperature difference between the upper and lower parts of the molten pool. The stirring of the bidirectional stirring bases can prevent the deviation of the temperature distribution of the molten pool. At the same time, the flowing ore can carry away the slag layer deposited on the surface of the bottom anode, prevent the thickening of the insulating layer, and prevent the insufficient coverage of the molten pool on the anode, resulting in local melting through of the bottom anode, playing a role of scouring and protection;

[0028] Multiple groups of air curtain nozzles are annularly and equally spaced on the inner wall of the submerged - arc furnace body corresponding to the upper part of the periphery of the bottom anode. The air curtain nozzles face the surface of the molten pool, and gas is continuously sprayed inside the submerged - arc furnace body to form a stable gas barrier, which is used to block the contact between air and the molten pool, reduce metal oxidation (such as molten steel absorbing oxygen and nitrogen), drive the convection of the molten pool, make the composition and temperature uniform, change the temperature distribution in the furnace, and optimize the energy transfer efficiency. A double - chamber pressure pump is commonly connected to the inside of the bottom bin on the inner side of the air curtain nozzles. One side of the double - chamber pressure pump is connected to a protective gas tank fixed inside the bottom bin. The gas inside the protective gas tank is continuously transported to the air curtain nozzles through the control of the double - chamber pressure pump for spraying use;

[0029] Inside the bottom anode of the furnace, a set of liquid metal cooling pipe groups are arranged. The liquid metal cooling pipe groups are evenly distributed in a contact manner along the bottom track of the bottom anode of the furnace. By using the liquid metal to flow and circulate at the bottom of the bottom anode of the furnace, it is cooled and dissipated, and the metal cooling pipe group includes a main cooling pipe circularly distributed inside the bottom anode of the furnace. One side of the main cooling pipe is connected with a heat exchanger for heat exchange of the liquid metal, and the other side is provided with a conversion pipe. One side of the bottom of the conversion pipe is communicated with a double-chamber pressure pump. The double-chamber pressure pump continuously provides driving force for the coolant in the main cooling pipe, and then controls it to continuously circulate between the main cooling pipe, the conversion pipe and the heat exchanger, so as to maintain stable low-temperature heat dissipation at the bottom of the bottom anode of the furnace. At the same time, a plurality of auxiliary cooling pipes in contact with the bottom of the bottom anode of the furnace are evenly communicated along the annular track of the main cooling pipe. The auxiliary cooling pipes and the main cooling pipe are used to make the liquid metal cooling fully contact with the bottom of the bottom anode of the furnace, so as to quickly dissipate heat and cool it down. At the same time, with the single driving pump body of the double-chamber pressure pump, power is provided for the flow of gas and liquid metal liquid, which improves the operation efficiency and energy-saving effect of the submerged arc furnace to a certain extent.

[0030] Compared with the prior art, the beneficial effects of the present invention are as follows: By setting a multi-section electrode and adopting a self-healing liquid metal embedded connection and an outer threaded connection protection layer between the electrode sections, the detachable connection of the electrode sections is realized. At the same time, it is convenient to carry out targeted replacement and maintenance of the electrode, reduce thermal stress, and with the help of the self-healing liquid metal embedded connection, reduce the contact resistance and maintain stable contact.

[0031] By arranging a two-way stirring base inside the bottom anode of the furnace to stir the ore material in two directions and setting a plurality of evenly distributed air curtain nozzles for air curtain protection, the uniformity of heat transfer during the melting of the ore material is fully improved, and the melting efficiency is further improved.

[0032] By setting a single set of servo motors to realize the stirring of the ore material on the upper side of the bottom anode of the furnace, the output of the protective gas, and the transportation of the coolant, the operation efficiency of the submerged arc furnace is greatly improved to a certain extent. Brief Description of the Drawings

[0033] Figure 1 It is a schematic diagram of the internal structure of a high-power DC electrode submerged arc furnace;

[0034] Figure 2 It is a three-dimensional structure diagram of a multi-section electrode in a high-power DC electrode submerged arc furnace;

[0035] Figure 3 It is a partial three-dimensional structure diagram of a multi-section electrode in a high-power DC electrode submerged arc furnace;

[0036] Figure 4 For Figure 3 The enlarged structure diagram of A in

[0037] Figure 5 For Figure 4 The enlarged structural schematic diagram of A1 in

[0038] Figure 6 It is the three-dimensional structural schematic diagram of the bottom anode in a high-power DC electrode submerged arc furnace;

[0039] Figure 7 It is the three-dimensional first perspective partial structural schematic diagram of the bottom anode in a high-power DC electrode submerged arc furnace;

[0040] Figure 8 It is the three-dimensional second perspective partial structural schematic diagram of the bottom anode in a high-power DC electrode submerged arc furnace;

[0041] Figure 9 It is the three-dimensional third perspective partial structural schematic diagram of the bottom anode in a high-power DC electrode submerged arc furnace;

[0042] Figure 10 For Figure 6 The enlarged structural schematic diagram of B in

[0043] Figure 11 For Figure 7 The enlarged structural schematic diagram of C in

[0044] Figure 12 For Figure 8 The enlarged structural schematic diagram of D in

[0045] Figure 13 For Figure 8 The enlarged structural schematic diagram of E in

[0046] Figure 14 It is the three-dimensional first perspective structural schematic diagram of the double-chamber pressure pump in a high-power DC electrode submerged arc furnace;

[0047] Figure 15 It is the three-dimensional second perspective structural schematic diagram of the double-chamber pressure pump in a high-power DC electrode submerged arc furnace;

[0048] Figure 16 It is the three-dimensional partial distribution structural schematic diagram of the main cooling pipe and the protective gas transmission pipeline in a high-power DC electrode submerged arc furnace;

[0049] Figure 17 It is the front view partial distribution structural schematic diagram of the main cooling pipe and the protective gas transmission pipeline in a high-power DC electrode submerged arc furnace;

[0050] Figure 18 It is the three-dimensional top view partial distribution structural schematic diagram of the main cooling pipe and the protective gas transmission pipeline in a high-power DC electrode submerged arc furnace;

[0051] Figure 19 is Figure 18 a schematic enlarged structure diagram of F in;

[0052] Figure 20 a schematic partial structure diagram of the connection between the swing shaft and the outward-opening sealing plate in a high-power DC electrode submerged arc furnace;

[0053] Figure 21 a schematic partial structure diagram of the connection between the swing shaft and the inward-opening sealing plate in a high-power DC electrode submerged arc furnace;

[0054] In the figure: submerged arc furnace body 10, transformer 11, bottom anode 12, feeding device 13, electrode lifting device 14, furnace hood 15, multi-segment electrode 16, lifting connection end 17, electrode segment 18, arc end 19, external thread 20, self-healing liquid metal embedding groove 21, external thread sleeve 22, sleeve positioning bottom ring 23, axial positioning sliding groove 24, circumferential positioning sliding groove 25, circumferential positioning sliding block 26, embedding block 27, embedding groove 28, connecting pair column 29, two-way stirring base 30, installation screw hole 31, stirring blade 32, rotating ring I 33, rotating ring II 34, bottom bin 35, sealed rotating slide rail 36, sealed rotating sliding groove 37, servo motor 38, straight tooth I 39, straight tooth II 40, tooth ring I 41, tooth ring II 42, rotating column 43, rotating sleeve 44, positioning ring groove 45, air curtain nozzle 46, air curtain nozzle hole 47, communicating air pipe 48, double-chamber pressure pump 49, protective gas tank 50, baffle telescopic cavity 52, piston plate 53, L-shaped connecting rod 54, nut 55, lead screw 56, belt shaft 57, transmission belt 58, protective gas inlet 59, protective gas outlet 60, protective gas transmission pipeline 61, protective gas diffusion ring cylinder 62, baffle 63, coolant outlet 64, coolant inlet 65, coolant transmission pipe 66, conversion pipe 67, heat exchanger 68, main cooling pipe 69, auxiliary cooling pipe 70, furnace cover 72, swing shaft 73, outward-opening sealing plate 74, inward-opening sealing plate 75. Specific embodiments

[0055] It should be noted that, without conflict, the embodiments in the present invention and the features in the embodiments can be combined with each other.

[0056] In the description of the present invention, it should be understood that the orientation or positional relationships indicated by the terms "center", "longitudinal", "transverse", "up", "down", "front", "rear", "left", "right", "vertical", "horizontal", "top", "bottom", "inner", "outer", etc. are based on the orientation or positional relationships shown in the drawings. These are only for the convenience of describing the present invention and simplifying the description, rather than indicating or implying that the device or element referred to must have a specific orientation, be constructed and operated in a specific orientation. Therefore, it should not be construed as a limitation to the present invention. In addition, terms such as "first", "second", etc. are only used for descriptive purposes and cannot be understood as indicating or implying relative importance or implicitly specifying the quantity of the indicated technical features. Thus, features defined with "first", "second", etc. may explicitly or implicitly include one or more of such features. In the description of the present invention, unless otherwise stated, the meaning of "a plurality" is two or more.

[0057] In the description of the present invention, it should be noted that unless otherwise clearly specified and limited, the terms "installed", "connected", "coupled" should be understood in a broad sense. For example, it can be a fixed connection, a detachable connection, or an integral connection; it can be a mechanical connection or an electrical connection; it can be directly connected or indirectly connected through an intermediate medium, and it can be the communication inside two elements. For those of ordinary skill in the art, the specific meanings of the above terms in the present invention can be understood through specific circumstances.

[0058] The present invention will be described in detail below with reference to the drawings and in conjunction with embodiments.

[0059] Please refer to Figure 1 - Figure 2 , Figure 6 - Figure 9 , Figure 16 - Figure 19 , a high-power DC submerged arc furnace, comprising a submerged arc furnace body 10. A furnace cover 72 is fixed at the top of the submerged arc furnace body 10. Above the furnace cover 72, a furnace hood 15 is provided. Above the furnace hood 15 and on the floor, a charging barrel is provided. The charging barrel extends through the furnace hood 15 to the inside of the submerged arc furnace body 10 through a feeding device 13 for conveying ore materials into the inside of the submerged arc furnace body 10. Inside the furnace hood 15, a plurality of (even number) groups of multi-segment electrodes 16 evenly distributed are arranged in a lifting manner. The multi-segment electrodes 16 are vertically arranged and move up and down along the inside of the submerged arc furnace body 10. Above the multi-segment electrodes 16, an electrode lifting device 14 for automatically controlling the up and down movement of the multi-segment electrodes 16 is connected. On one side of the furnace hood 15, a transformer 11 electrically connected to the multi-segment electrodes 16 is provided. The transformer 11 is used to provide the energy required for the multi-segment electrodes 16 to generate an arc.

[0060] At the inner bottom of the submerged arc furnace body 10, a bottom anode 12 with an arc-shaped structure is arranged. The ore materials input into the interior of the submerged arc furnace body 10 are placed on the bottom anode 12 for distribution. At this time, the multi-segment electrode 16 is controlled to descend while the transformer 11 supplies power to it. A high-temperature arc is formed through the conduction of direct current by the electrode, converting electrical energy into heat energy to melt the materials. The current passes through the molten pool (molten materials) and returns to the positive pole of the power supply through the bottom anode 12, thus forming a complete closed loop;

[0061] The multi-segment electrode 16 includes multiple groups of electrode segments 18. The adjacent electrode segments 18 are connected by self-healing liquid metal embedding. And at the end of the lowermost electrode segment 18, an arc end 19 is installed. At the top of the uppermost electrode segment 18, a lifting connection end 17 is connected by a connecting rod. The lifting connection end 17 is connected to the electrode lifting device 14, which is used to automatically control the lifting of the multi-segment electrode 16 under the control operation of the electrode lifting device 14. Among them, a liquid metal filling layer is arranged between the opposite contact surfaces of the two electrode segments 18 in the self-healing liquid metal embedding connection. The high conductivity and fluidity of the liquid metal filling layer are used to fill the microscopic gaps. When micro-cracks are generated in the electrode at the connection contact due to thermal expansion or vibration, the liquid metal automatically fills the cracks under capillary action to restore the conductive continuity. A threaded connection protection layer is arranged on the outer side of the liquid metal filling layer. The threaded connection protection layer is used to detachably connect the two end electrode segments 18, and at the same time prevent the oxidation or evaporation of the liquid metal. By designing the multi-segment electrode 16, it is convenient to carry out targeted replacement and maintenance of the electrode, while reducing the thermal stress. And with the help of the self-healing liquid metal embedding connection, the contact resistance is reduced, and stable contact is maintained;

[0062] A group of two-way stirring bases 30 are arranged in the middle of the bottom anode 12. The two-way stirring bases 30 are used to stir the molten ore materials on the upper side of the bottom anode 12 in two directions. The two-way stirring bases 30 include a rotating ring II 34 rotatably arranged in the middle of the bottom anode 12 and a rotating ring I 33 rotating in the opposite direction along the outer wall of the circumferential direction of the rotating ring II 34. The outer wall of the circumferential direction of the rotating ring I 33 far from the rotating ring II 34 is rotatably connected to the bottom anode 12. A bottom bin 35 is opened on the inner wall of the submerged arc furnace body 10 corresponding to the bottom of the bottom anode 12. A two-way power mechanism is connected to the bottoms of the rotating ring I 33 and the rotating ring II 34. The two-way power mechanism is used to drive the rotating ring I 33 and the rotating ring II 34 to rotate in opposite directions at the same time. When the arc high temperature generated at the arc end 19 melts the ore materials, it is easy to cause temperature difference between the upper and lower parts of the molten pool. The stirring by the two-way stirring bases 30 can prevent the deviation of the temperature distribution of the molten pool. At the same time, the flowing ore materials can carry away the slag layer deposited on the surface of the bottom anode 12, prevent the thickening of the insulating layer, and prevent the insufficient coverage of the anode by the molten pool, resulting in local melting through of the bottom anode 12, playing a role of scouring protection;

[0063] A plurality of groups of gas curtain nozzles 46 are arranged at equal intervals in a ring on the inner wall of the ore-heating furnace body 10 corresponding to the upper part of the furnace bottom anode 12. The gas curtain nozzles 46 face the surface of the molten pool, and the gas is continuously sprayed inside the ore-heating furnace body 10 to form a stable gas barrier, which is used to block the contact between air and the molten pool, reduce metal oxidation (such as oxygen and nitrogen absorption by molten steel), drive molten pool convection, uniform composition and temperature, change the temperature distribution in the furnace, and optimize energy transfer efficiency. The inner side of the gas curtain nozzles 46 is connected to a group of double-chamber pressure pumps 49 toward the inside of the bottom bin 35. One side of the double-chamber pressure pump 49 is connected to a protective gas box 50 fixed inside the bottom bin 35. The gas inside the protective gas box 50 is controlled by the double-chamber pressure pump 49 to be continuously transported toward the gas curtain nozzles 46 for spraying.

[0064] A group of liquid metal cooling tube groups are arranged inside the furnace bottom anode 12. The liquid metal cooling tube groups are evenly distributed along the bottom track of the furnace bottom anode 12 in a contact manner. Liquid metal is used to flow and circulate at the bottom of the furnace bottom anode 12 to cool and dissipate heat. The metal cooling tube group includes a main cooling tube 69 distributed in a circular shape inside the furnace bottom anode 12. A heat exchanger 68 for exchanging heat with liquid metal is connected to one side of the main cooling tube 69, and a conversion tube 67 is arranged on the other side. One side of the bottom of the conversion tube 67 is connected to a double-chamber pressure pump 49, and the double-chamber pressure pump 49 continuously provides driving force for the coolant in the main cooling tube 69. force, and then control it to circulate continuously between the main cooling tube 69, the conversion tube 67, and the heat exchanger 68, so as to maintain stable low-temperature heat dissipation to the bottom of the furnace bottom anode 12. At the same time, the main cooling tube 69 is evenly connected with multiple groups of auxiliary cooling tubes 70 in contact with the bottom of the furnace bottom anode 12 along its annular trajectory. The auxiliary cooling tubes 70 and the main cooling tubes 69 are used to cool the liquid metal and fully contact the bottom of the furnace bottom anode 12, so as to quickly dissipate heat and cool it down. At the same time, with the help of a single driving pump body of the double-chamber pressure pump 49, power is provided for the flow of gas and liquid metal, thereby improving the operating efficiency and energy-saving effect of the electric arc furnace to a certain extent.

[0065] In the embodiment of the present invention, the liquid metal filling layer is a gallium-based alloy with a melting point <30°C of the bidirectional stirring base, which has high conductivity (resistivity ≈ 29 μΩ·cm of the connecting pair column);

[0066] See also Figure 10 A plurality of mounting screw holes 31 are evenly provided on the top of the rotating ring I 33 and the rotating ring II 34. A stirring blade 32 is threadedly connected to the inner surface of the mounting screw hole 31. When the rotating ring I 33 and the rotating ring II 34 rotate, the stirring blade 32 is driven to rotate synchronously. With the help of the stirring blade 32, the stirring force and sufficiency of the molten ore are increased;

[0067] See also Figure 11, a sealed rotating slide rail 36 is installed on the outer walls of the inner and outer circumferences of the rotating ring I 33. A sealed rotating chute 37 is provided on the outer circumferential wall of the corresponding rotating ring II 34 and the inner wall of the furnace bottom anode 12. The sealed rotating slide rail 36 and the sealed rotating chute 37 are rotationally connected in a limiting manner (stable in the axial direction) to keep the relative rotation between the rotating ring I 33, the rotating ring II 34 and the furnace bottom anode 12 stable, and keep the upper and lower parts sealed to prevent the leakage of molten ore;

[0068] The inside of the protective gas box 50 is filled with argon, nitrogen, etc. Using inert gases can effectively reduce the influence on the combustion and melting of ore;

[0069] The lifting connection end 17 is made of insulating and heat-insulating material. When it is connected to the electrode lifting device 14, it prevents the transmission of current and heat, ensuring the normal operation of the electrode lifting device 14;

[0070] At the same time, the number of multi-segment electrodes 16 is generally set to 2 or 4, and the specific number is designed in an even number according to the internal size of the submerged arc furnace body 10 and the required combustion energy.

[0071] In an example of the present invention, it should be noted that for the operation between the electrode lifting device 14 and the multi-segment electrode 16, an automatic adjustment system and a PID control system are also included, as follows:

[0072] By real-time monitoring of the arc voltage and current, it is judged whether the arc length is stable. The PID control system automatically controls the electrode lifting device 14 to drive the electrode to lift to adjust the arc length (too short will cause a short circuit, and too long will make the arc unstable). Its main function is to maintain the optimal arc length, ensure the maximization of energy input efficiency, and avoid arc interruption caused by material collapse or molten pool fluctuation;

[0073] The above has briefly described the automatic adjustment system and the PID control system. For the specific corresponding structures, components, and principles, reference can be made to the existing technology, and will not be elaborated here.

[0074] As a preferred embodiment of the present invention, refer to Figure 3 - Figure 5, the liquid metal filling layer includes two connecting pair columns 29 with the same diameter symmetrically installed at both ends of the electrode segment 18. When connecting adjacent electrode segments 18, the connecting pair columns 29 at the opposite ends are in contact. A circular self-healing liquid metal embedding groove 21 is formed by inwardly opening at one end of the connecting pair column 29, and a self-healing liquid metal embedding rod is installed by outwardly extending at the other end of the connecting pair column 29. A plurality of embedding blocks 27 and embedding grooves 28 are respectively and uniformly arranged on the inner circumferential wall of the self-healing liquid metal embedding groove 21 and the outer circumferential wall of the self-healing liquid metal embedding rod. The self-healing liquid metal embedding rod is inserted into the self-healing liquid metal embedding groove 21 in an embedded manner. At the same time, the embedding blocks 27 and the embedding grooves 28 are embedded and positioned. At the same time, the self-healing liquid metal embedding groove 21 is filled with liquid metal to maintain the electrical connection between the two groups of connecting pair columns 29, so as to achieve self-healing connection;

[0075] The threaded connection protective layer includes a sleeve positioning bottom ring 23 axially sleeved on the outer side of the connecting pair column 29 at the self-healing liquid metal embedding groove 21. An external threaded sleeve 22 sleeved on the outer side of the arc end 19 is rotatably connected to the upper side of the sleeve positioning bottom ring 23. At the same time, an external thread 20 is formed on the outer wall of the connecting pair column 29 on one side of the self-healing liquid metal embedding rod. By rotating the external threaded sleeve 22 to be threadedly connected with the external thread 20, the outer sides of the self-healing liquid metal embedding groove 21 and the self-healing liquid metal embedding rod are wrapped and protected. At the same time, the two groups of connecting pair columns 29 on the upper and lower sides are connected and positioned to realize the detachable connection between the electrode segments 18;

[0076] The external thread 20, the external threaded sleeve 22, the sleeve positioning bottom ring 23, the axial positioning sliding groove 24, the circumferential positioning sliding groove 25, the circumferential positioning sliding block 26, the embedding block 27, the embedding groove 28, etc. are all made of high-temperature ceramic fiber materials, which can effectively prevent the oxidation or evaporation of liquid metal;

[0077] Specifically, a plurality of axial positioning sliding blocks are annularly and equally spaced on the inner side of the sleeve positioning bottom ring 23. An axial positioning sliding groove 24 is formed on the outer wall of the connecting pair column 29 corresponding to the axial positioning sliding groove, and the axial positioning sliding block axially slides along the axial positioning sliding groove 24;

[0078] A circle of circumferential positioning sliding blocks 26 is installed at the bottom of the external threaded sleeve 22. A circle of circumferential positioning sliding grooves 25 is formed on the upper side of the sleeve positioning bottom ring 23 corresponding to the circumferential positioning sliding blocks 26, and the circumferential positioning sliding blocks 26 are rotationally connected in a limiting manner in the circumferential positioning sliding grooves 25.

[0079] As a preferred embodiment of the present invention, refer to Figure 8 、 Figure 12, The bidirectional power mechanism includes a rotating column 43 connected to the middle of the bottom of the rotating ring II 34. The bottom of the rotating column 43 is rotatably connected to the inner wall of the bottom bin 35 through a support rod. One side of the upper part of the rotating column 43 is rotatably sleeved and connected with a group of rotating sleeves 44. The top of the rotating sleeve 44 is connected to the bottom wall of the rotating ring I 33. A group of gear rings I 41 are installed on the rotating sleeve 44, and a group of gear rings II 42 are installed on the rotating column 43. One side of the gear ring II 42 meshes with a group of straight teeth I 39. One side of the straight teeth I 39 meshes with the straight teeth II 40. One side of the straight teeth II 40 meshes with the gear ring I 41. At the same time, the bottom of the straight teeth I 39 is connected to a servo motor 38 fixed inside the bottom bin 35. By starting the servo motor 38 to drive the straight teeth I 39 to rotate, the rotating column 43 is driven to rotate, thereby driving the rotating ring II 34 to rotate. At the same time, under the meshing of the straight teeth I 39, the straight teeth II 40, and the gear ring I 41, the rotating ring I 33 is driven to rotate in the opposite direction to the rotating ring II 34, so as to control the agitation of the ore materials in the molten pool on the rotating ring I 33 and the rotating ring II 34;

[0080] Specifically, a circle of positioning ring blocks is installed inside the rotating sleeve 44. The positioning ring blocks are connected in a limiting and sliding manner in a positioning ring groove 45 opened on the outer wall of the rotating column 43 to maintain the stability of the rotating sleeve 44 rotating and sleeved on the rotating column 43. The bottom of the straight teeth II 40 is also rotatably supported by a support rod.

[0081] As a preferred embodiment of the present invention, refer to Figure 13 - Figure 21 , An air curtain nozzle hole 47 is opened in the inner wall of the submerged arc furnace body 10 corresponding to the air curtain nozzle 46. The bottom of the air curtain nozzle 46 located inside the air curtain nozzle hole 47 communicates downward with a connecting air pipe 48. A group of protective gas diffusion ring cylinders 62 are commonly connected inside the submerged arc furnace body 10 above the bottom anode 12 corresponding to the connecting air pipe 48. One place of the protective gas diffusion ring cylinder 62 is connected to a protective gas transmission pipe 61 arranged inside the bottom bin 35. The bottom end of the protective gas transmission pipe 61 is connected to a double-chamber pressure pump 49. That is, under the pumping of the double-chamber pressure pump 49, the protective gas in the protective gas tank 50 is input into the protective gas diffusion ring cylinder 62 along the protective gas transmission pipe 61, and then transferred to each air curtain nozzle 46 through the connecting air pipe 48 to spray protection towards the inside of the bottom anode 12;

[0082] The double-chamber pressure pump 49 includes a double-chamber piston cylinder and a baffle telescopic cavity 52 distributed in upper and lower layers. A piston plate 53 is arranged in a lifting manner inside the double-chamber piston cylinder. A telescopic channel is opened at the inner bottom of the double-chamber piston cylinder. A baffle 63 is installed at the bottom of the piston plate 53 corresponding to the position of the telescopic channel. When the piston plate 53 moves up and down, it controls the baffle 63 to move up and down along the telescopic channel, and at the same time divides the inside of the double-chamber piston cylinder into two chambers, namely the protective gas chamber and the liquid metal cooling chamber. In the middle of the top of the piston plate 53, an L-shaped connecting rod 54 is installed. The L-shaped connecting rod 54 is connected outward with a nut 55. The middle of the nut 55 is threadedly connected with a vertical lead screw 56. A guiding device for restricting its self-rotation is arranged on the nut 55. The bottom of the nut 55 is connected with a belt shaft 57. One side of the belt shaft 57 is rotationally connected with the output shaft of the servo motor 38 through a transmission belt 58. That is, while the servo motor 38 is running, its rotational kinetic energy is transmitted to the lead screw 56, and then the nut 55 is controlled to move up and down along the lead screw 56. Then, under the connection of the L-shaped connecting rod 54, the pressure inside the chamber is controlled to change;

[0083] On the lower part of the side wall of the protective gas chamber, a protective gas inlet 59 and a protective gas outlet 60 are respectively opened. One side of the protective gas inlet 59 is communicated with the protective gas tank 50 through a connecting pipe. One side of the protective gas outlet 60 is communicated with the protective gas diffusion ring cylinder 62 through a protective gas transmission pipe 61. On the lower part of the same side wall of the liquid metal cooling chamber, a coolant outlet 64 and a coolant inlet 65 are respectively opened. The coolant outlet 64 and the coolant inlet 65 are upwardly communicated with a coolant transmission pipe 66. The top end of the coolant transmission pipe 66 is communicated with a conversion pipe 67. At the same time, an inward-opening sealing plate 75 is rotationally connected through a swing shaft 73 inside the protective gas inlet 59 and the coolant inlet 65. An outward-opening sealing plate 74 is rotationally connected through a swing shaft 73 inside the protective gas outlet 60 and the coolant outlet 64. When the piston plate 53 rises, it controls the protective gas chamber and the liquid metal cooling chamber to generate an upward suction force. At this time, the protective gas outlet 60 and the coolant outlet 64 are closed, and the protective gas inlet 59 and the coolant inlet 65 are opened, respectively inputting the protective gas in the protective gas tank 50 into the protective gas chamber, and transferring the liquid metal coolant into the conversion pipe 67. When the piston plate 53 descends, the above operation is reversed. The protective gas chamber and the liquid metal cooling chamber generate a downward pressure, and the gas and liquid in the protective gas chamber and the liquid metal cooling chamber are output outward along the protective gas outlet 60 and the coolant outlet 64, so as to realize the continuous cyclic transmission and transfer of the protective gas and the coolant. That is, using a single servo motor 38 to realize the agitation of the ore material on the upper side of the bottom anode 12 of the furnace, the output of the protective gas, and the transportation of the coolant, which greatly improves the operation efficiency of this submerged arc furnace to a certain extent;

[0084] It should be noted that for the positions involved in the above structure that need to be heat-resistant, heat-resistant materials are used.

[0085] The working principle of the present invention is as follows: At the idle position of the device, all the above-mentioned driving components, which refer to power components, electrical components, and the adapted power supply, are connected by wires. The electrical connection is completed according to the sequential working order among the electrical components. The detailed connection means are well-known techniques in the art. The following mainly introduces the working principle and process, and will not explain the electrical control. During operation, the ore to be melted is input along the feeding device 13 onto the upper side of the bottom anode 12 inside the submerged arc furnace body 10. Then, the electrode lifting device 14 is started to control the lifting of the multi-segment electrode 16. At the same time, under the power supply of the transformer 11, electrical energy is provided for the multi-segment electrode 16. At this time, the current inside the multi-segment electrode 16 flows along the electrode segments 18 and also through the liquid metal buffer layer between the electrode segments 18, and finally an electric arc is generated at the arc end 19 to melt the ore on the bottom anode 12. As the melting progresses, the multi-segment electrode 16 automatically monitors and moves upward. At the same time, the servo motor 38 is started to drive the spur gear I 39 to rotate, thereby driving the rotating column 43 to rotate, and then driving the rotating ring II 34 to rotate. At the same time, under the meshing of the spur gear I 39, the spur gear II 40, and the toothed ring I 41, the rotating ring I 33 is driven to rotate in the opposite direction to the rotating ring II 34, so as to control the agitation of the ore in the molten pool on the rotating ring I 33 and the rotating ring II 34, ensuring the uniform diffusion of heat. At the same time, under the transmission of the transmission belt 58, the lead screw 56 is controlled to rotate, and then the piston plate 53 is driven to move up and down. When the piston plate 53 rises, an upward suction force is generated in the protective gas chamber and the liquid metal cooling chamber. At this time, the protective gas outlet 60 and the coolant outlet 64 are closed, and the protective gas inlet 59 and the coolant inlet 65 are opened, and the protective gas in the protective gas tank 50 is respectively input into the protective gas chamber, and the liquid metal coolant is transferred into the conversion pipe 67. When the piston plate 53 descends, the above operations are reversed. A downward pressure is generated in the protective gas chamber and the liquid metal cooling chamber, and the gas and liquid in the protective gas chamber and the liquid metal cooling chamber are output outward along the protective gas outlet 60 and the coolant outlet 64, so as to realize the continuous cyclic transmission and transfer of the protective gas and the coolant, that is, the agitation of the ore on the upper side of the bottom anode 12, the output of the protective gas, and the transportation of the coolant are realized by using a single servo motor 38.

[0086] The preferred embodiments of the present invention have been described in detail above, but the present invention is not limited to the above embodiments. Within the scope of knowledge possessed by those of ordinary skill in the art, various changes can be made without departing from the spirit of the present invention.

Claims

1. A high-power DC electrode submerged arc furnace, comprising a submerged arc furnace body (10), a furnace cover (72) is fixed at the top of the submerged arc furnace body (10), and a furnace hood (15) is arranged above the furnace cover (72), characterized in that, Inside the furnace hood (15), there are multiple groups of multi-segment electrodes (16) evenly distributed in a lifting manner. At the inner bottom of the submerged arc furnace body (10), there is a furnace bottom anode (12) distributed in an arc-shaped structure. The multi-segment electrode (16) includes multiple groups of electrode segments (18). Between adjacent electrode segments (18), a self-healing liquid metal embedded connection is adopted. A liquid metal filling layer is arranged between the opposite contact surfaces of the two electrode segments (18) in the self-healing liquid metal embedded connection, and a threaded connection protection layer is arranged outside the liquid metal filling layer; Inside the middle of the furnace bottom anode (12), there is a group of bidirectional stirring bases (30). The bidirectional stirring base (30) includes a rotating ring II (34) rotatably arranged in the middle of the furnace bottom anode (12) and a rotating ring I (33) rotating in the opposite direction along the outer wall of the circumferential direction of the rotating ring II (34). The outer wall of the circumferential direction of the rotating ring I (33) far from the rotating ring II (34) is rotatably connected to the furnace bottom anode (12). A bottom bin (35) is opened on the inner wall of the submerged arc furnace body (10) corresponding to the bottom of the furnace bottom anode (12). A bidirectional power mechanism is arranged at the bottom of the rotating ring I (33) and the rotating ring II (34); Around the upper part of the furnace bottom anode (12), multiple groups of air curtain nozzles (46) are arranged at equal intervals in a ring shape on the inner wall of the submerged arc furnace body (10). A double-chamber pressure pump (49) is commonly connected to the inside of the air curtain nozzles (46) facing the bottom bin (35). One side of the double-chamber pressure pump (49) is connected to a protective gas box (50) fixed inside the bottom bin (35); Inside the furnace bottom anode (12), there is a group of liquid metal cooling tube groups, and the liquid metal cooling tube groups are evenly distributed in a contact manner along the bottom track of the furnace bottom anode (12). The metal cooling tube group includes a main cooling tube (69) circularly distributed inside the furnace bottom anode (12). One side of the main cooling tube (69) is connected to a heat exchanger (68), and the other side is provided with a conversion tube (67). One side of the bottom of the conversion tube (67) is connected to the double-chamber pressure pump (49).

2. The high-power DC electrode submerged arc furnace according to claim 1, wherein Above the furnace hood (15) and on the floor, there is a feed cylinder. The feed cylinder extends into the submerged arc furnace body (10) through a feeding device (13). An electrode lifting device (14) is connected above the multi-segment electrode (16). A transformer (11) is arranged on one side of the furnace hood (15). An arc end (19) is installed at the end of the lowermost electrode segment (18). The top of the uppermost electrode segment (18) is connected with a lifting connection end (17) through a connecting rod, and the lifting connection end (17) is connected to the electrode lifting device (14).

3. The high-power DC electrode submerged arc furnace according to claim 2, wherein, The liquid metal filling layer is made of a gallium-based alloy. The inside of the protective gas box (50) is filled with argon and nitrogen. Along the circular track of the main cooling tube (69), multiple groups of auxiliary cooling tubes (70) in contact with the bottom of the furnace bottom anode (12) are evenly communicated.

4. The high-power DC electrode submerged arc furnace according to claim 3, wherein, Multiple installation screw holes (31) are evenly opened at the top of the rotating ring I (33) and the rotating ring II (34). A stirring blade (32) is threadedly connected inside the installation screw holes (31); A sealing type rotating slide rail (36) is installed on both the inner and outer circumferential outer walls of the rotating ring I (33). A sealing type rotating chute (37) is provided on both the outer circumferential outer wall of the corresponding rotating ring II (34) and the inner wall of the furnace bottom anode (12). The sealing type rotating slide rail (36) is in a limiting connection with the sealing type rotating chute (37).

5. The high-power DC electrode submerged arc furnace according to claim 4, wherein, The liquid metal filling layer includes two connection pair columns (29) with the same diameter symmetrically installed at both ends of the electrode section (18). When adjacent electrode sections (18) are connected, the connection pair columns (29) at the opposite ends are in contact. A circular self-healing liquid metal embedding groove (21) is opened inward at the end of one side connection pair column (29), and a self-healing liquid metal inserting rod extends outward and is installed at the end of the other side connection pair column (29). A plurality of embedding blocks (27) and embedding grooves (28) are respectively and uniformly arranged on the inner circumferential wall of the self-healing liquid metal embedding groove (21) and the outer circumferential wall of the self-healing liquid metal inserting rod. The self-healing liquid metal inserting rod is inserted into the self-healing liquid metal embedding groove (21) in an embedded manner, and the embedding blocks (27) and the embedding grooves (28) are embedded and positioned. The self-healing liquid metal embedding groove (21) is filled with liquid metal to maintain the electrical connection between the two groups of connection pair columns (29).

6. The high-power DC electrode submerged arc furnace according to claim 5, wherein, The thread connection type protective layer includes a sleeve positioning bottom ring (23) axially sleeved on the outer side of the connection pair column (29) at the self-healing liquid metal embedding groove (21). An external thread sleeve (22) sleeved on the outer side of the arc end (19) is rotatably connected above the sleeve positioning bottom ring (23). An external thread (20) is opened on the outer wall of the connection pair column (29) on one side of the self-healing liquid metal inserting rod. A plurality of axial positioning sliders are annularly and equally spacedly installed inside the sleeve positioning bottom ring (23). An axial positioning chute (24) is opened on the outer wall of the connection pair column (29) corresponding to the axial positioning chute, and the axial positioning sliders slide axially along the axial positioning chute (24). A circumferential positioning slider (26) is installed at the bottom of the external thread sleeve (22). A circumferential positioning chute (25) is opened on the upper side of the sleeve positioning bottom ring (23) corresponding to the circumferential positioning slider (26). The circumferential positioning slider (26) is in a limiting rotational connection in the circumferential positioning chute (25).

7. The high-power DC electrode submerged arc furnace according to claim 6, wherein, The bidirectional power mechanism includes a rotating column (43) connected to the middle of the bottom of the rotating ring II (34). The bottom of the rotating column (43) is rotatably connected to the inner wall of the bottom bin (35) through a support rod. One side of the upper part of the rotating column (43) is rotatably sleeved with a set of rotating sleeves (44). The top of the rotating sleeve (44) is connected to the bottom wall of the rotating ring I (33). A set of gear rings I (41) are installed on the rotating sleeve (44), and a set of gear rings II (42) are installed on the rotating column (43). One side of the gear ring II (42) meshes with a set of straight teeth I (39). One side of the straight teeth I (39) meshes with straight teeth II (40). One side of the straight teeth II (40) meshes with the gear ring I (41). The bottom of the straight teeth I (39) is connected to a servo motor (38) fixed inside the bottom bin (35). A positioning ring block is installed inside the rotating sleeve (44), and the positioning ring block is slidably connected in a positioning ring groove (45) opened on the outer wall of the rotating column (43) in a limiting manner.

8. A high-power DC electrode submerged arc furnace according to claim 7, characterized in that, An air curtain nozzle hole (47) is opened in the inner wall of the submerged arc furnace body (10) corresponding to the air curtain nozzle (46). The bottom of the air curtain nozzle (46) located inside the air curtain nozzle hole (47) communicates downward with a connecting air pipe (48). A set of protective gas diffusion ring cylinders (62) are commonly communicated inside the submerged arc furnace body (10) above the upper side of the furnace bottom anode (12) corresponding to the connecting air pipe (48). One part of the protective gas diffusion ring cylinder (62) communicates with a protective gas transmission pipe (61) arranged inside the bottom bin (35). The bottom end of the protective gas transmission pipe (61) is communicated with a double-chamber pressure pump (49).

9. The high-power DC electrode submerged arc furnace according to claim 8, wherein The double-chamber pressure pump (49) includes a double-chamber piston cylinder and a baffle expansion chamber (52) distributed in the upper and lower layers. A piston plate (53) is arranged to move up and down inside the double-chamber piston cylinder. A telescopic channel is opened at the inner bottom of the double-chamber piston cylinder. A baffle (63) is installed at the position corresponding to the telescopic channel at the bottom of the piston plate (53). When the piston plate (53) moves up and down, it controls the baffle (63) to move up and down along the telescopic channel, dividing the inner part of the double-chamber piston cylinder into two chambers, namely the protective gas chamber and the liquid metal cooling chamber. The middle of the top of the piston plate (53) is installed with an L-shaped connecting rod (54). The L-shaped connecting rod (54) is connected outward with a nut (55). The middle of the nut (55) is threadedly connected with a vertical lead screw (56). A guiding device for restricting its self-rotation is arranged on the nut (55). The bottom of the nut (55) is connected with a belt shaft (57). One side of the belt shaft (57) is rotationally connected to the output shaft of the servo motor (38) through a transmission belt (58).

10. A high-power DC electrode submerged arc furnace according to claim 9, characterized in that, The lower parts of the side walls of the protective gas cavity are respectively provided with a protective gas inlet (59) and a protective gas outlet (60). One side of the protective gas inlet (59) is communicated with a protective gas tank (50) through a connecting pipe, and one side of the protective gas outlet (60) is communicated with a protective gas diffusion ring cylinder (62) through a protective gas transmission pipeline (61). The lower parts of the same side wall of the liquid metal cooling cavity are respectively provided with a coolant outlet (64) and a coolant inlet (65). The coolant outlet (64) and the coolant inlet (65) are communicated upward with a coolant transmission pipe (66), and the top end of the coolant transmission pipe (66) is communicated to a conversion pipe (67). The inner sides of the protective gas inlet (59) and the coolant inlet (65) are rotationally connected with an inward-opening sealing plate (75) through a swing shaft (73), and the inner sides of the protective gas outlet (60) and the coolant outlet (64) are rotationally connected with an outward-opening sealing plate (74) through a swing shaft (73).

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