Slope foundation three-dimensional deformation monitoring method, system, equipment and medium

Abstract

The invention discloses a side slope foundation three-dimensional deformation monitoring method, system, equipment and medium, and relates to the technical field of strip mine side slope deformation monitoring. A double-visual-angle sparse array antenna is installed outside a monitoring area of a side slope foundation to form a double-visual-angle detection layout, a traditional mechanical rotary scanning radar for a side slope is replaced, and the three-dimensional deformation of the side slope foundation is monitored. Meanwhile, double-visual-angle scanning is carried out on the monitoring area, the limitation that only single-visual-angle monitoring in the visual line direction of the ground slope can be monitored is broken through, deformation data of a standard monitoring point in the monitoring area in the double-visual-line direction is obtained, normal vectors of the monitoring point in the displacement direction of the slope inclination face are obtained, and the deformation data of the monitoring point in the double-visual-line direction are combined to obtain the deformation data of the monitoring point in the double-visual-line direction. And the deformation rate of the point is calculated, and the overall deformation rate of the slope foundation is further calculated, so that omnidirectional high-precision three-dimensional deformation monitoring of the slope foundation is realized.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present invention relates to the technical field of open-pit mine slope deformation monitoring, and particularly to a three-dimensional deformation monitoring method, system, device and medium for slope foundation. Background Art

[0002] Open-pit mines are a widely used mining method in modern mining industry, which is characterized by directly carrying out large-scale mineral mining on the ground; with the continuous expansion of the mine scale, the slope stability problem of open-pit mines is becoming increasingly serious. Slope instability or landslide events may not only cause equipment damage and waste of mineral resources, but may also cause loss of life and property in severe cases; therefore, real-time monitoring of open-pit mines, especially early warning of risks such as slope deformation and landslide, is an important measure to ensure the safe production of mines and reduce the risk of natural disasters. In order to effectively monitor the slope deformation and landslide risk of open-pit mines, traditional manual monitoring methods have gradually been unable to meet the growing demand. Traditional monitoring methods are not only inefficient, but also unable to cover large areas and complex terrains; the emergence of modern remote sensing technology, especially the monitoring method based on Synthetic Aperture Radar (SAR), provides a more efficient and accurate solution for mine detection.

[0003] At present, ground-based synthetic aperture radar technology is widely used. Compared with traditional spaceborne or airborne SAR, Ground-Based Synthetic Aperture Radar (GB-SAR) has significant advantages in terms of observation angle, revisit period, usage flexibility and cost; in the process of monitoring high-steep slopes of large open-pit mines in alpine and high-altitude areas, the monitoring path of GB-SAR is a key issue, but because GB-SAR usually only performs mechanical rotation scanning on the slope and can only monitor the low-precision deformation in the line-of-sight direction of the ground slope, it is difficult to conduct all-round and high-precision monitoring of the ground slope. Summary of the Invention

[0004] Embodiments of the present invention provide a three-dimensional deformation monitoring method, system, device and medium for slope foundation, which can solve the problem in the prior art that GB-SAR usually only performs mechanical scanning on the slope and can only monitor the low-precision deformation in the line-of-sight direction of the ground slope, thus making it difficult to conduct all-round and high-precision monitoring of the ground slope.

[0005] An embodiment of the present invention provides a three-dimensional deformation monitoring method for a slope foundation. An RF radar is installed outside the monitoring area of the slope foundation, and sparse array antennas are installed on both sides of the RF radar so that the RF radar can perform dual-view detection. A plurality of GNSS intelligent corner reflectors are arranged in the monitoring area, and each GNSS intelligent corner reflector is a monitoring point. The monitoring method includes the following steps: Each antenna in the sparse array antennas on both sides of the RF radar is sequentially activated by time-division multiplexing, and each antenna in the sparse array antennas on both sides scans the monitoring area in sequence to obtain dual-view direction observation data; Taking any monitoring point as a reference monitoring point, obtaining the deformation data of the reference monitoring point in two view directions from the dual-view direction observation data, and using the position data of the reference monitoring point and other monitoring points to obtain the normal vector of the reference monitoring point; Based on the deformation data in two view directions and the normal vector, obtaining the actual displacement of the reference monitoring point, and obtaining the deformation rate of the reference monitoring point according to the monitoring time interval of the reference monitoring point; According to the deformation rate of the reference monitoring point, obtaining the three-dimensional deformation data of the slope foundation.

[0006] Preferably, the antenna layout of the sparse array antenna is an equally spaced linear array; the measurement process of the sparse array antennas on both sides of the RF radar includes: Each antenna in the sparse array antennas on both sides of the RF radar is sequentially activated by time-division multiplexing. Only one transmitting antenna works in each time slice, and the receiving antennas receive signals all the time. At the same time, electronic beam scanning is adopted, and the phase of each antenna unit in the sparse array antennas on both sides of the RF radar is controlled by the phased array method to form beams pointing in different directions to scan the monitoring area; When each antenna unit in the sparse array antenna sequentially transmits signals to scan the monitoring area according to time slices, by adjusting the phase difference between adjacent antenna units, controlling the scanning angles of the beams of different antenna units to perform omnidirectional scanning; The phase difference between adjacent antenna units is expressed as: ; Where: represents the phase difference between adjacent antenna units; represents the antenna element spacing; represents the signal wavelength; represents the beam pointing angle.

[0007] Preferably, before obtaining the actual displacement of the reference monitoring point based on the deformation data in two view directions and the normal vector, the method further includes: The displacement vectors of each monitoring point during the acquisition of two adjacent images by the RF radar are , and based on the displacement vectors of each monitoring point , slant range , elevation and the unit vector in the radar line-of-sight direction , an interference phase model is established as: ; The parameters are obtained by the least squares method to obtain the interference phase , and the deformation data of the reference monitoring point in two viewing directions is corrected using the interference phase .

[0008] Preferably, the acquisition of the deformation rate of the reference monitoring point includes: The sparse array antennas on both sides of the RF radar respectively transmit radar information to the monitoring area from two line-of-sight directions and to obtain the deformations of the reference monitoring point in the monitoring area in two line-of-sight directions and ; Extract the coordinates of the 6 adjacent points around the monitoring point from all the monitoring points, fit the local plane equation, and obtain the normal vector of the monitoring point , and combine the unit vector in the vertical direction of the monitoring point to calculate the dip plane direction vector of the monitoring point ; All the monitoring points are in the dip plane of the slope foundation, and the constraint equation set is: ; ; ; where: and represent the line-of-sight direction vectors of the dual-view radar in two line-of-sight directions; the constraint equation set is expressed as: ; where: ; ; Through the constraint equation set, the actual displacement of the monitoring point is obtained, and according to the time interval when the monitoring point , obtain the monitoring points The deformation rate per unit time is: ; Where: represents the deformation rate of the monitoring point per unit time.

[0009] Preferably, after obtaining the three-dimensional deformation data of the slope foundation, evaluate the instability risk of the slope foundation, including: Input the three-dimensional deformation rates of the reference monitoring points in the monitoring area , and into the geomechanical model, and combine with the gravitational acceleration of the rock and soil , soil friction angle , soil cohesion and the density of the rock and soil to calculate the shear stress and driving force of the monitoring area; The shear stress is expressed as: ; The driving force is expressed as: ; Where: represents the landslide break surface angle; represents the dynamic friction coefficient; represents the thickness of the landslide body; represents the effective normal stress, ; Evaluate the instability risk of the slope foundation according to the shear stress and driving force of the monitoring area , expressed as: ; Set a risk threshold , if , then give a landslide alarm for the slope foundation.

[0010] The embodiment of the present invention also provides a three-dimensional deformation monitoring system for slope foundation, including: A measurement module, which is used to sequentially activate each antenna in the sparse array antennas on both sides of the radio frequency radar by time-division multiplexing, and each antenna in the sparse array antennas on both sides scans the monitoring area in turn to obtain dual-view direction observation data; A monitoring module, which is used to use any monitoring point as a reference monitoring point, obtain the deformation data of the reference monitoring point in two view directions from the dual-view direction observation data, and use the position data of the reference monitoring point and other monitoring points to obtain the normal vector of the reference monitoring point; Obtain the actual displacement of the reference monitoring point through the deformation data in two viewing directions and the normal vector, and obtain the deformation rate of the reference monitoring point according to the monitoring time interval of the reference monitoring point; Obtain the three-dimensional deformation data of the slope foundation according to the deformation rate of the reference monitoring point.

[0011] An embodiment of the present invention further provides an electronic device, including a memory and a processor; The memory is used to store a computer program; When the processor is used to execute the computer program stored in the memory, the steps of a three-dimensional deformation monitoring method for a slope foundation as described above are implemented.

[0012] An embodiment of the present invention further provides a computer-readable storage medium for storing a computer program, and when the computer program is executed by a processor, the steps of a three-dimensional deformation monitoring method for a slope foundation as described above are implemented.

[0013] An embodiment of the present invention provides a three-dimensional deformation monitoring method, system, device and medium for a slope foundation. Compared with the prior art, its beneficial effects are as follows: In the present invention, a dual-view sparse array antenna is installed outside the monitoring area of the slope foundation to form a dual-view detection layout, replacing the mechanical rotation scanning radar of the traditional slope. At the same time, the time-division multiplexing technology is used to sequentially activate each antenna in the dual-view sparse array antenna to perform dual-view scanning on the monitoring area in sequence, breaking through the limitation of single-view monitoring that can only monitor the line-of-sight direction of the ground slope, so as to obtain the deformation data of the reference monitoring point in the dual line-of-sight directions in the monitoring area, and obtain the normal vector of the monitoring point in the displacement direction of the slope inclined plane. Thus, by combining the deformation data of the reference monitoring point in the dual line-of-sight directions and the normal vector in the displacement direction, the deformation rate of the monitoring point is obtained, and then extended to the overall deformation rate of the slope foundation to obtain high-precision three-dimensional deformation data in all directions of the slope foundation. Description of the Drawings

[0014] Figure 1 It is a schematic execution flow diagram of a three-dimensional deformation monitoring method for a slope foundation provided by an embodiment of the present invention; Figure 2 It is a schematic diagram of a monitoring device for a three-dimensional deformation monitoring method for a slope foundation provided by an embodiment of the present invention; Figure 3 It is a schematic diagram of the first layout of a dual-view sparse array radar for a three-dimensional deformation monitoring method for a slope foundation provided by an embodiment of the present invention; Figure 4 It is a schematic diagram of the second layout of a dual-view sparse array radar for a three-dimensional deformation monitoring method for a slope foundation provided by an embodiment of the present invention; Figure 5 Schematic diagram of the failure types of a geotechnical slope for a three-dimensional deformation monitoring method of a slope foundation provided by an embodiment of the present invention; Figure 6 Schematic diagram of the dip plane of the failure of a geotechnical slope for a three-dimensional deformation monitoring method of a slope foundation provided by an embodiment of the present invention; Figure 7 Schematic diagram of the principle of a dual-view three-dimensional deformation inversion technology based on dip plane constraint for a three-dimensional deformation monitoring method of a slope foundation provided by an embodiment of the present invention. Detailed implementation manners

[0015] To make the above objects, features and advantages of the present invention more apparent and understandable, the following detailed description of the specific implementation manners of the present invention will be given in conjunction with the accompanying drawings. Many specific details are set forth in the following description in order to fully understand the present invention. However, the present invention can be implemented in many other ways different from those described herein, and those skilled in the art can make similar improvements without departing from the connotation of the present invention. Therefore, the present invention is not limited by the specific embodiments disclosed below.

[0016] See Figure 1 , an embodiment of the present invention provides a three-dimensional deformation monitoring method for a slope foundation, which replaces the mechanical moving part of the traditional slope radar through a fully solid-state design, improves the data acquisition speed, overcomes the high-precision rapid deformation measurement technology, improves the radar data sampling rate, and solves the problem of data incoherence at the stage of approaching landslide of the slope radar; through an intelligent corner reverse domain monitoring data real-time compensation algorithm, the atmospheric phase compensation accuracy is improved; through a dual-view array antenna time-division multiplexing technology, three-dimensional deformation monitoring of the slope radar surface area is realized; thus solving the problems of slow acquisition speed, large atmospheric error interference, and few monitoring dimensions existing in the deformation monitoring of high-steep slopes in large open-pit mines in alpine and high-altitude areas by traditional slope radars.

[0017] The specific solution includes the following steps: Step S1: Initialization: Define radar monitoring parameters, including the monitoring distance R, scanning period T, etc., and use a rotary grating encoder to measure the angles of the two-side sparse array radar.

[0018] Step S2: Data acquisition: Obtain the echo data of the slope surface through a dual-view sparse array radar, and adopt a time-division multiplexing multiple-input multiple-output monitoring subsystem. As Figure 2 , Figure 3 and Figure 4 shown, it is the working schematic diagram of the deployed dual-view sparse array radar; specifically: Install sparse array antennas on both sides of the radio frequency and digital processing system to form a dual-view geometry structure, improving the stability of 3D deformation inversion; adopt the TDM-MIMO method, activate different transmitting antennas sequentially in a time-division manner, while the receiving antennas keep working simultaneously, transmit signals through multiple time slices, enabling multiple antennas to be multiplexed in the time domain, thus avoiding signal interference; adopt electronic beam scanning, control the phase of antenna elements through phased array technology to form beams pointing in different directions, realizing non-contact scanning. Electronic scanning can quickly change the beam direction, improving the scanning speed and avoiding mechanical structure errors.

[0019] When multiple antenna elements transmit signals simultaneously, if the signals of different antennas have a fixed phase difference, the signals will interfere (enhance) in a specific direction, while canceling each other out (weakening) in other directions; where the angle can be expressed as: .

[0020] Where: represents the phase difference between adjacent antenna elements; represents the antenna element spacing; represents the signal wavelength; represents the beam pointing angle. By changing the value, the scanning angle of the beam can be controlled, thus realizing electronic scanning.

[0021] Adopt multiple antennas at both the transmitting end and the receiving end to improve the spatial resolution, and through beamforming and signal processing technologies, improve the system's detection and measurement accuracy of the target.

[0022] Step S3: Error compensation: Use a GNSS intelligent corner reflector to correct the atmospheric phase error and perform real-time compensation in the intelligent corner reflection area to improve data accuracy. Specifically: Assume that GNSS intelligent corner reflectors are deployed in the monitoring area to form measuring points, and the absolute position information of each measuring point and the radar station is accurately measured by RTK. Then, the slant range , elevation and the unit vector in the radar line-of-sight direction of each measuring point can be calculated; assume that the displacement vector of the corner reflector measured by GNSS for the th measuring point during the acquisition of adjacent two images is , then the deformation phase at this measuring point is .

[0023] Then, using the interferometric phases of measuring points, the following equations can be established: 。

[0024] The unknown parameters can be estimated using the least squares method 。

[0025] Thus, based on the radar image and the external reference terrain, the slant range and elevation of each pixel in each radar image can be obtained. Using the atmospheric phase of each pixel can be obtained, and then the atmospheric phase can be accurately compensated; from the above description, it can be seen that the method proposed by the present invention does not need to assume that the measurement point is a stable point (i.e., no deformation occurs), and can also make full use of the data of even unstable measurement points.

[0026] Step S4: Three-dimensional deformation solution: Combining the dual-view data, calculate the projection values of the deformation in two directions, and use the dip plane constraint algorithm to invert the true three-dimensional deformation vector. Specifically Assume a point in the monitoring area The displacement that occurs during the acquisition of two adjacent images is and the unit vector in the radar line-of-sight direction is Then the traditional GBSAR system can measure the projection value of the displacement vector ; It can be seen from this that when using one radar, the additional two-dimensional information of the three-dimensional displacement will be lost; assume that three GBSAR systems are deployed, and the unit vectors in the line-of-sight directions of each radar are respectively denoted as and the measured displacement projections of each radar are respectively denoted as The following system of equations can be established as 。

[0027] Among them ; Matrix 。

[0028] As Figure 5 shown, according to the geomechanics theory, there are mainly four failure types of rock and soil slopes, such as Figure 5 the plane failure shown in (a) in Figure 5 the wedge failure shown in (b) in Figure 5 the circular arc failure shown in (c) in Figure 5 the toppling failure shown in (d) in; It can be seen that when the slope fails, the displacement direction is approximately within the dip plane, and the position of the dip plane is as Figure 6 shown.

[0029] Based on the above description, the present invention proposes a dual-view three-dimensional deformation inversion technology based on dip plane constraint, as Figure 7 shown.

[0030] Suppose there are two radars from two directions respectively The deformation of a point within the monitored area is observed , from which the following two equations can be established as: .

[0031] .

[0032] However, in practice, there are three unknowns in the actual displacement , and one more equation is lacking for the solution ; then, by using the externally provided topographic point cloud data, the normal vector at the point can be estimated using the six points closest to the point , and then the slope trend at the point can be calculated , which is also the direction vector of the inclined plane.

[0033] By assuming that the actual displacement vector lies within the inclined plane, the third constraint condition can be obtained, and by combining the three equations, the following system of equations is obtained as: .

[0034] Where: ; .

[0035] After solving to obtain , over the time interval , the deformation rate per unit time can be obtained as: .

[0036] Step S5: Data fusion and analysis: Combine the geological model, calculate the deformation rate, and evaluate the potential instability area. Specifically: In the calculation of the potential instability area, it is set that represents the deformation rate of a certain monitoring point, which can be calculated from the three-dimensional deformation data of the dual-view sparse array radar combined with the geological model, expressed as: .

[0037] Where: represents the three-dimensional deformation rate; represents the acceleration due to gravity; represents the soil friction angle; represents the soil cohesion; represents the rock and soil density.

[0038] The calculation formula of ​ .

[0039] Denotes the shear stress, and the calculation formula is: .

[0040] Denotes the driving force shear stress, and the calculation formula is: .

[0041] Where: Denotes the landslide rupture surface angle; Denotes the dynamic friction coefficient; Denotes the thickness of the landslide mass; Denotes the effective normal stress, and its calculation formula is: .

[0042] Set a threshold , if , then trigger a landslide warning, otherwise, continue to monitor.

[0043] Step S6: Data transmission: Transmit the data to the server through the TCP / IP network.

[0044] Step S7: If , it is considered that the risk assessment does not exceed the threshold, then it is considered that there is no landslide risk, and return to step S2 to continue monitoring the deformation of the target point at the next moment; if , then execute step S8.

[0045] Step S8: Trigger a warning and send landslide risk information to the management system.

[0046] The present invention directly addresses the problems of slow acquisition speed, large atmospheric error interference, and few monitoring dimensions existing in the deformation monitoring of high-steep slopes in alpine and high-altitude regions by traditional slope radars. By adopting a dual-view radar layout and combining sparse array antenna technology, it breaks through the limitations of single-view monitoring and realizes the three-dimensional deformation calculation of the slope surface; introduces GNSS intelligent corner reflectors to obtain accurate displacement data in real time, and based on a high-precision correction model for atmospheric phase error, effectively compensates for the phase error caused by atmospheric inhomogeneity and improves the monitoring accuracy; combines the analysis of slope geological structure, restricts the solution space of deformation calculation through the dip plane hypothesis, thereby reducing the calculation error and achieving higher-precision three-dimensional deformation measurement; adopts an all-solid-state design without mechanical movement, improves the data acquisition speed through TDM-MIMO (time-division multiplexing multiple input multiple output) technology, enhances the stability of the device, and adapts to the harsh environment of alpine and high-altitude regions. The present invention breaks through the one-dimensional line-of-sight limitation of traditional GB-SAR monitoring and provides new ideas for high-precision, high-timeliness, and all-round slope deformation monitoring through technologies such as dual-view, intelligent corner reflectors, dip plane constraints, and all-solid-state electronic scanning.

[0047] Compared with the traditional GB-SAR radar monitoring model, the present invention directly starts from the actual monitoring conditions of open-pit mines, and thus proposes a three-dimensional deformation monitoring device for a slope foundation with a dual-view sparse array to achieve high-precision three-dimensional deformation monitoring of high-steep slopes in high-altitude regions. It replaces the mechanical movement part of the traditional slope radar through an all-solid-state design to improve the data acquisition speed; improves the atmospheric phase compensation accuracy through an intelligent corner reflector domain monitoring data real-time compensation algorithm; realizes three-dimensional deformation monitoring of the slope radar surface domain through the time-division multiplexing technology of the dual-view array antenna; and solves the problems of slow acquisition speed, large atmospheric error interference, and few monitoring dimensions existing in the deformation monitoring of high-steep slopes in alpine and high-altitude regions by traditional slope radars.

[0048] The above-described embodiments merely represent several implementation manners of the present invention, and their descriptions are relatively specific and detailed, but should not be construed as limiting the scope of the invention patent. It should be noted that for those of ordinary skill in the art, without departing from the concept of the present invention, several variations and improvements can still be made, and these all belong to the protection scope of the present invention. Therefore, the protection scope of the present invention patent shall be subject to the appended claims.

Claims

1. A three-dimensional deformation monitoring method for a slope foundation, characterized in that, Install a radio frequency radar outside the monitoring area of the slope foundation. Sparse array antennas are installed on both sides of the radio frequency radar so that the radio frequency radar can perform dual-view detection, and a plurality of GNSS intelligent corner reflectors are arranged in the monitoring area. Each GNSS intelligent corner reflector is a monitoring point; the monitoring method includes the following steps: Activate each antenna in the sparse array antennas on both sides of the radio frequency radar in turn by time division multiplexing. Each antenna in the sparse array antennas on both sides scans the monitoring area in turn to obtain dual-view direction observation data; Take any monitoring point as a reference monitoring point, obtain the deformation data of the reference monitoring point in two view directions from the dual-view direction observation data, and use the position data of the reference monitoring point and other monitoring points to obtain the normal vector of the reference monitoring point; Obtain the actual displacement of the reference monitoring point through the deformation data in two view directions and the normal vector, and obtain the deformation rate of the reference monitoring point according to the monitoring time interval of the reference monitoring point; Obtain the three-dimensional deformation data of the slope foundation according to the deformation rate of the reference monitoring point.

2. The three-dimensional deformation monitoring method for a slope foundation according to claim 1, characterized in that The antenna layout of the sparse array antenna is an equally spaced linear array; the measurement process of the sparse array antennas on both sides of the radio frequency radar includes: Activate each antenna in the sparse array antennas on both sides of the radio frequency radar in turn by time division multiplexing. Only one transmitting antenna works in each time slice, and the receiving antennas receive signals all the time; at the same time, electronic beam scanning is adopted, and the phase of each antenna element in the sparse array antennas on both sides of the radio frequency radar is controlled by the phased array method to form beams pointing in different directions to scan the monitoring area; When each antenna element in the sparse array antenna sequentially transmits signals in time slices to scan the monitoring area, by adjusting the phase difference between adjacent antenna elements , the scanning angle of the beams of different antenna elements is controlled to perform omnidirectional scanning; Phase difference between adjacent antenna elements It is expressed as: ； Wherein: represents the phase difference between adjacent antenna elements; represents the antenna element spacing; represents the signal wavelength; represents the beam pointing angle.

3. A three-dimensional deformation monitoring method for a slope foundation according to claim 2, characterized in that, Before obtaining the actual displacement of the reference monitoring point through the deformation data in two view directions and the normal vector, the method further includes: The displacement vectors of each monitoring point during the acquisition of two adjacent images by the RF radar are , and based on the displacement vectors of each monitoring point are , slant range , elevation and the unit vector in the radar line-of-sight direction , the interference phase model is established as: ； Obtain parameters by the least squares method , and obtain the interference phase . Use the interference phase to correct the deformation data of the reference monitoring point in two viewing directions.

4. A three-dimensional deformation monitoring method for a slope foundation according to claim 3, characterized in that The obtaining of the deformation rate of the reference monitoring point includes: The sparse array antennas on both sides of the radio frequency radar respectively transmit radar information from two line-of-sight directions and to the monitoring area, and obtain the deformations of the reference monitoring points in the two line-of-sight directions and ; Extract monitoring points from all monitoring points The coordinates of 6 adjacent points around, fit the local plane equation, and obtain the monitoring points through the plane equation Normal vector , combined with the monitoring points Unit vector in the vertical direction , calculate the dip plane direction vector of the monitoring point ; ; The monitoring points are all in the inclined plane of the slope foundation, and the constraint equation set is obtained as: ； ； ； Wherein: and represent the line-of-sight direction vectors of the dual-view radar in two line-of-sight directions; the constraint equation set is expressed as: ； Wherein: ; ; Obtain the actual displacement of the monitoring point through the constraint equations and, according to the time interval of the monitoring point during measurement obtain the deformation rate of the monitoring point per unit time as follows: ​ ； Wherein: represents the deformation rate of the monitoring point per unit time.

5. A three-dimensional deformation monitoring method for a slope foundation according to claim 1, characterized in that, After obtaining the three-dimensional deformation data of the slope foundation, evaluate the instability risk of the slope foundation, including: The three-dimensional deformation rate of the reference monitoring points in the monitoring area , and are input into the geomechanical model, and combined with the gravitational acceleration of the rock and soil , the soil friction angle , the soil cohesion and the rock and soil density to calculate the shear stress and driving force of the monitoring area; Shearing stress Expressed as: ； Driving force It is expressed as: ； Wherein: represents the landslide slope angle; represents the dynamic friction coefficient; represents the landslide body thickness; represents the effective normal stress, ; Evaluate the instability risk of the slope foundation according to the shear stress and driving force in the monitoring area , expressed as: ； Set a risk threshold If , a landslide alarm for the slope foundation will be given.

6. A three-dimensional deformation monitoring system for a slope foundation, characterized in that Including: A measurement module for activating each antenna in the sparse array antennas on both sides of the radio frequency radar in turn by time division multiplexing. Each antenna in the sparse array antennas on both sides scans the monitoring area in turn to obtain dual-view direction observation data; A monitoring module for taking any monitoring point as a reference monitoring point, obtaining the deformation data of the reference monitoring point in two view directions from the dual-view direction observation data, and using the position data of the reference monitoring point and other monitoring points to obtain the normal vector of the reference monitoring point; Obtain the actual displacement of the reference monitoring point through the deformation data in two view directions and the normal vector, and obtain the deformation rate of the reference monitoring point according to the monitoring time interval of the reference monitoring point; Obtain the three-dimensional deformation data of the slope foundation according to the deformation rate of the reference monitoring point.

7. An electronic device, characterized in that, Including: A memory and a processor; The memory is used to store computer programs; When the processor executes the computer programs stored in the memory, it realizes the steps of a three-dimensional deformation monitoring method for slope foundation as described in any one of claims 1 to 5.

8. A computer-readable storage medium, characterized in that, For storing a computer program, which, when executed by a processor, implements the steps of a three-dimensional deformation monitoring method for a slope foundation as described in any one of claims 1 to 5.

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