Slope stability assessment method and system applied to mine ecological restoration

Abstract

The present invention relates to the technical field of slope protection, and in particular to a slope stability assessment method and system applied to mine ecological restoration. The method comprises: based on a set data acquisition frequency, collecting basic geological data and dynamic monitoring data of the slope in the assessment area; performing time and space division according to preset time windows and spatial grids to obtain multiple time and space window units, and calculating a multi-dimensional stability assessment index based on the basic geological data and dynamic monitoring data corresponding to each time and space window unit; constructing a time and space serialized slope stability feature matrix based on the multi-dimensional stability assessment indicators corresponding to different time and space window units; and inputting the matrix into a preset multi-dimensional stability assessment model to obtain a dynamic stability index; taking into account the acquired real-time environmental load interference data, correcting the dynamic stability index to obtain a corrected stability index; and using a preset slope stability threshold to perform an early warning judgment.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present invention relates to the technical field of slope protection, and in particular to a slope stability assessment method and system applied to mine ecological restoration. Background Art

[0002] Mining activities often disrupt the original geological balance, exposing slopes to numerous destabilizing factors, such as rock weathering, ground movement, and groundwater infiltration. These factors can lead to slope instability, triggering geological disasters such as landslides and collapses. These not only severely disrupt normal mine operations and subsequent restoration work, but can also threaten the surrounding ecological environment and the safety of life and property.

[0003] Existing slope stability assessment methods are primarily based on geological survey reports and empirical formulas, evaluating slope stability by analyzing and calculating the physical and mechanical parameters of the slope's rock and soil. However, existing methods lack multi-source dynamic data fusion, refined spatiotemporal coupling analysis, and real-time environmental interference correction mechanisms. The applicability of empirical formulas is also limited. For some unique mining geological conditions or complex mining scenarios, they cannot accurately reflect the true stability of the repaired slope under the combined effects of geological conditions, repair measures, and external loads. Summary of the Invention

[0004] In order to solve the above technical problems, the present invention provides a slope stability assessment method and system for mine ecological restoration that can improve the accuracy and reliability of assessment, reduce the occurrence of geological disasters, and achieve sustainable development of mines.

[0005] In a first aspect, the present invention provides a slope stability assessment method for mine ecological restoration, the method comprising:

[0006] Collect basic geological data and dynamic monitoring data of the slopes in the assessment area based on the set data collection frequency;

[0007] Perform time and space division according to preset time windows and spatial grids to obtain multiple time and space window units. Then, calculate multi-dimensional stability evaluation indicators based on the basic geological data and dynamic monitoring data corresponding to each time and space window unit.

[0008] Based on the multidimensional stability evaluation indicators corresponding to different spatiotemporal window units, a spatiotemporal sequenced slope stability characteristic matrix is ​​constructed and input into the preset multidimensional stability evaluation model to obtain the dynamic stability index.

[0009] The dynamic stability index is corrected by taking into account the real-time environmental load interference data to obtain a corrected stability index; and a pre-set slope stability threshold is used to make an early warning judgment.

[0010] Furthermore, the dynamic stability index is corrected by taking into account the real-time environmental load interference data to obtain a corrected stability index, including:

[0011] Obtain real-time environmental load interference data during the evaluation period;

[0012] According to the correlation between the dynamic stability index and the environmental load interference data in the historical data, a comparison table of interference stability correlation coefficients is established;

[0013] Matching the interference stability correlation coefficient comparison table according to the real-time environmental load interference data to determine the corresponding correlation coefficient;

[0014] In combination with the preset weight of the environmental load interference factor, based on the dynamic stability index and the determined correlation coefficient, the dynamic stability index is corrected to obtain a corrected stability index.

[0015] Furthermore, the environmental load interference data includes rainfall intensity, seismic activity and artificial engineering disturbance information.

[0016] Furthermore, the basic geological data include rock and soil type, structural surface occurrence, bulk density, cohesion and internal friction angle.

[0017] Furthermore, the dynamic monitoring data includes surface displacement, deep displacement, crack width, pore water pressure, imported soil layer thickness, vegetation coverage and ecological support structure stress.

[0018] Furthermore, the multi-dimensional stability assessment indicators include mechanical indicators, deformation indicators and repair effect indicators; among them, the mechanical indicators include the safety factor of the sliding surface, the proportion of the plastic zone area and the shear strength reserve coefficient of the structural surface; the deformation indicators include the cumulative displacement rate, the crack propagation rate and the settlement gradient; the repair effect indicators include the additional cohesion of vegetation roots, the friction coefficient of the interface between the imported soil layer and the original slope and the proportion of the effective anchoring force of the ecological anchor.

[0019] Furthermore, the method for constructing the spatiotemporal serialized slope stability characteristic matrix includes:

[0020] Collect multi-dimensional stability evaluation index data corresponding to each spatiotemporal window unit, including mechanical indexes, deformation indexes, and repair effect indexes;

[0021] Add time index information to each data point according to the preset time window;

[0022] According to the results of spatial grid division, each grid cell is assigned a specific spatial coordinate and spatial index information is added;

[0023] According to the order of time and space, the integrated multi-dimensional stability assessment index data are arranged into a spatiotemporal serialized slope stability characteristic matrix.

[0024] Furthermore, the method for using a preset slope stability threshold to conduct early warning judgment on the modified stability index includes:

[0025] Classify slope stability into multiple levels, including stable, basically stable, unstable and unstable, and determine the stability threshold corresponding to each stability level;

[0026] Comparing the obtained modified stability index with a preset slope stability threshold, and determining the slope stability level according to the threshold range of the modified stability index;

[0027] According to the warning judgment results, early warning information will be released in a timely manner.

[0028] Furthermore, the warning information includes the stability level of the slope, the type of geological disaster to be occurred, the scope of the dangerous area and the recommended measures to be taken.

[0029] On the other hand, the present application also provides a slope stability assessment system for mine ecological restoration, the system comprising:

[0030] The data acquisition module collects basic geological data and dynamic monitoring data of the slopes in the assessment area based on the set data acquisition frequency;

[0031] The time-space division and index calculation module divides time and space according to the preset time window and space grid to obtain multiple time-space window units. It then calculates multi-dimensional stability evaluation indicators based on the basic geological data and dynamic monitoring data corresponding to each time-space window unit.

[0032] The characteristic matrix construction and index calculation module constructs a spatiotemporal sequenced slope stability characteristic matrix based on the multidimensional stability evaluation indicators corresponding to different spatiotemporal window units, and inputs it into the preset multidimensional stability evaluation model to obtain the dynamic stability index.

[0033] The index correction and early warning judgment module considers the real-time environmental load interference data obtained, corrects the dynamic stability index, obtains a corrected stability index, and uses a preset slope stability threshold to perform early warning judgment.

[0034] Compared with the existing technology, the beneficial effects of the present invention are as follows: the method not only collects basic geological data, but also covers dynamic monitoring data, including surface displacement, deep displacement, crack width, pore water pressure and other key indicators; the multi-source data fusion method can more comprehensively reflect the stability state of the slope, avoid the limitations of a single data source, and improve the accuracy and reliability of the assessment; through the preset time window and space grid, time and space division is performed to obtain multiple time and space window units, and multi-dimensional stability assessment indicators are calculated based on this, which can accurately capture the stability changes of the slope under different time and space conditions; the assessment indicators cover mechanical indicators, deformation indicators and repair effect indicators, and comprehensively consider the stability of the slope from multiple dimensions; it can more comprehensively reflect The stability state of the slope avoids the one-sidedness of single indicator evaluation; based on the spatiotemporal serialization of the slope stability characteristic matrix, the dynamic stability index is obtained through the preset multi-dimensional stability evaluation model; the dynamic stability index can reflect the stability state of the slope in real time and provide timely warning for mine production and personnel safety; considering the real-time environmental load interference data, the dynamic stability index is corrected to obtain the corrected stability index; it can further improve the accuracy of the evaluation and ensure that the evaluation results are closer to the actual situation; the preset slope stability threshold is used to make early warning judgments on the corrected stability index; it can timely detect the stability risk of the slope, provide early warning for mine production and personnel safety, and help to take timely measures to avoid or reduce the occurrence of geological disasters;

[0035] By collecting multi-source data, including basic geological data and dynamic monitoring data, it covers a wide range of information from the basic characteristics of rock and soil to the real-time status of slopes and ecological restoration. On this basis, multi-dimensional stability assessment indicators are calculated, which comprehensively consider multiple dimensions such as mechanics, deformation and repair effects. It can comprehensively and accurately reflect the stability of slopes under various complex conditions, overcoming the shortcomings of traditional methods that rely only on limited parameters and empirical formulas to accurately assess special geological conditions and complex mining situations. The dynamic stability index is corrected considering real-time environmental load interference data, and preset thresholds are used for early warning judgment, so that the assessment results can reflect the impact of external environmental changes on slope stability in real time. It ensures that when facing ever-changing actual conditions, the system can adjust the assessment results in a timely manner and issue accurate early warning information, providing strong guarantees for safe production and disaster prevention in mines, and effectively making up for the defect that traditional methods cannot cope with real-time environmental interference. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0036] Figure 1 is a flow chart of the present invention;

[0037] Figure 2 A flowchart of correcting the dynamic stability index by taking into account the real-time environmental load interference data obtained, and obtaining the corrected stability index;

[0038] Figure 3 It is a structural diagram of the slope stability assessment system applied to mine ecological restoration. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0039] The present application is described below in conjunction with the accompanying drawings.

[0040] Example 1: Figures 1 to 2 As shown, the slope stability assessment method applied to mine ecological restoration of the present invention specifically includes the following steps:

[0041] S1. Collect basic geological data and dynamic monitoring data of the slopes in the assessment area based on the set data collection frequency;

[0042] In the field of slope protection, accurate and comprehensive data is the cornerstone of slope stability assessment. Because mining disrupts the original geological balance, slopes face multiple destabilizing factors that interact with each other and change dynamically over time. Therefore, by collecting basic geological data and dynamic monitoring data, we can gain a deep understanding of the geological characteristics, current status, and changing trends of the slopes, providing a reliable basis for subsequent analysis and assessment, thereby formulating more effective protection measures.

[0043] The basic geological data include rock and soil type, structural surface occurrence, bulk density, cohesion and internal friction angle;

[0044] Rock and soil type: Different types of rock and soil have different physical and mechanical properties, such as hardness and permeability, which directly affect the stability of the slope. The type of rock and soil, such as rock, sand, clay, etc., is determined through geological surveys and laboratory tests.

[0045] Structural surface occurrence: The occurrence (strike, dip, and inclination) of structural surfaces (joints and fissures) has a significant impact on slope stability; they may become potential sliding surfaces, reducing the slope's ability to resist sliding. Information on the occurrence of structural surfaces is obtained through geological mapping and measurement techniques.

[0046] Bulk density: The bulk density of a rock mass reflects its weight per unit volume and is related to the self-weight stress of the slope. The greater the bulk density, the greater the self-weight stress of the slope and the greater the impact on stability. The bulk density of a rock mass can be determined through field sampling and laboratory testing.

[0047] Cohesion and internal friction angle: These are important indicators for describing the shear strength of rock and soil. Cohesion reflects the bonding force between rock and soil particles, while the internal friction angle reflects the friction between particles. The values ​​of these two parameters are obtained through indoor tests.

[0048] The dynamic monitoring data include surface displacement, deep displacement, crack width, pore water pressure, imported soil layer thickness, vegetation coverage and ecological support structure stress;

[0049] Surface displacement: The displacement of the slope surface is a direct indicator of changes in slope stability. Measurement equipment such as total stations and GPS can be used to regularly monitor the displacement of specific points on the slope surface to promptly detect signs of slope slippage or deformation.

[0050] Deep displacement: In addition to surface displacement, deep displacement within the slope can also reflect its stability. By burying equipment such as inclinometers, displacement changes at different depths can be monitored to understand the deformation within the slope.

[0051] Crack width: The appearance and expansion of cracks are important signs of slope instability. Regularly measuring the changes in crack width can determine the stability trend of the slope. Tools such as crack width gauges can be used for measurement.

[0052] Pore ​​water pressure: Groundwater infiltration can cause changes in pore water pressure. Increased pore water pressure reduces the effective stress of the rock and soil, thereby weakening the anti-slip ability of the slope. By burying equipment such as pore water pressure gauges, changes in pore water pressure can be monitored in real time.

[0053] Imported soil layer thickness: During the process of mine ecological restoration, imported soil layers are covered on the slope surface to promote vegetation growth. The thickness of the imported soil layer affects the growth of vegetation and the stability of the slope. The thickness of the imported soil layer can be measured using technologies such as geological radar.

[0054] Vegetation coverage: Vegetation has a positive effect on slope stability, can increase the erosion resistance of rock and soil, and reduce soil erosion. Vegetation coverage information can be obtained through remote sensing image analysis, field surveys, and other methods.

[0055] Ecological support structure stress: If an ecological support structure is used on the slope, monitoring its stress changes can help understand the working status and effectiveness of the support structure; stress sensors can be installed on the support structure to monitor stress changes in real time.

[0056] In this step, data is key to assessing stability in the field of slope protection. By setting a collection frequency, this step systematically collects basic geological data and dynamic monitoring data, providing a solid data foundation for subsequent assessments and ensuring the scientific and reliable nature of the assessment results. Basic geological data reveals the geological characteristics of the slope, while dynamic monitoring data reflects the current state and changing trends of the slope, contributing to a deeper understanding of the slope's mechanical behavior and stability dynamics. Based on comprehensive and accurate data, more precise and effective protection measures can be formulated. Both reinforcement measures tailored to the geological characteristics of the slope and early warning mechanisms for dynamic changes can be scientifically based, thereby improving the overall effectiveness of slope protection. Through continuous monitoring and data analysis, signs of slope instability can be detected promptly, allowing for proactive measures to reduce the safety risks posed by slope instability and ensure the safety of mine production and the surrounding environment. In mine ecological restoration, this step also considers ecological factors such as the thickness of the imported soil layer, vegetation coverage, and stress changes in the ecological support structure, helping to achieve an organic combination of slope protection and ecological restoration, promoting the recovery and reconstruction of the slope ecosystem.

[0057] S2. Perform time and space division according to preset time windows and spatial grids to obtain multiple time and space window units, and calculate multi-dimensional stability evaluation indicators based on the basic geological data and dynamic monitoring data corresponding to each time and space window unit;

[0058] The method for setting the time window includes:

[0059] Study the cyclical patterns of mining activities, such as the speed of mining and the frequency of blasting operations. If mining activities have obvious phases, such as large-scale blasting every month, the time window can be set to about one month to cover the slope response phase after each blast.

[0060] During the mining process, there will be operating breaks such as equipment maintenance and holidays. The time window should be set to take these breaks into consideration to avoid mixing the break and operating periods in the same time window, so as to accurately reflect the changes in slope stability at different stages.

[0061] Through regular geological surveys and monitoring, the changing speed of the geological conditions of the slope can be understood. In some areas with weak rock formations, the geological conditions may change rapidly. For example, the groundwater level may fluctuate greatly in a short period of time. In this case, the time window should be set shorter to timely capture the impact of geological condition changes on slope stability.

[0062] Compare historical data on slope stability changes under the same geological conditions to analyze the relationship between geological changes and slope stability, thereby determining the size of the time window;

[0063] Evaluate the performance and sampling frequency of the monitoring sensors used; if the sensors can collect data in real time or at a high frequency, the time window can be set shorter;

[0064] The method for setting the spatial grid includes:

[0065] Analyze the topography of the assessment area and divide the slope into different areas according to elevation changes;

[0066] Spatial division of slopes according to landform type; slopes of different landform types differ in geological structure, hydrological conditions, and other aspects, which can affect slope stability; dividing spatial grids by landform type enables more accurate analysis of slope stability within different landform units;

[0067] Divide the slope into different spatial grids according to its height and slope gradient; the stability of high and steep slopes is more prominent, so they can be divided into finer grids to more accurately assess their stability;

[0068] For slopes with complex shapes, spatial division is performed according to the slope's morphological characteristics. Special shapes can have a significant impact on the stress distribution and stability of the slope, and targeted spatial division can better analyze its stability.

[0069] Divide the spatial grid based on the location and distribution density of monitoring sensors. If the sensors in a certain area are densely distributed, it can be divided into smaller grid units to make full use of these sensor data and improve the accuracy of stability assessment.

[0070] The multi-dimensional stability evaluation indicators include mechanical indicators, deformation indicators and repair effect indicators, wherein the mechanical indicators include the safety factor of the sliding surface, the proportion of the plastic zone area and the shear strength reserve coefficient of the structural surface;

[0071] The safety factor of the potential sliding surface of the slope is calculated by analyzing the physical and mechanical parameters of the slope rock and soil and the geometric shape of the slope using the limit equilibrium method or other numerical analysis methods. The safety factor of the sliding surface reflects the ability of the slope to resist sliding and is an important mechanical indicator for evaluating slope stability.

[0072] Plastic zone area ratio: Numerical simulation software is used to analyze the stress-strain state of the slope under various loads, determine the distribution range of the plastic zone in the slope rock and soil, and calculate the ratio of the plastic zone area to the total slope area. The larger the plastic zone area ratio, the higher the degree of plastic deformation of the slope rock and soil, and the worse the slope stability.

[0073] The shear strength reserve coefficient of the structural surface takes into account the impact of the structural surface on the slope stability. The shear strength parameters of the structural surface are determined through field tests or indoor tests, and the shear strength reserve coefficient of the structural surface is calculated. This coefficient reflects the difference between the shear strength of the structural surface and the actual shear stress, and can be used to evaluate the contribution of the structural surface to the slope stability.

[0074] The deformation indicators include cumulative displacement rate, crack growth rate and settlement gradient;

[0075] The cumulative displacement rate is calculated based on the surface displacement and deep displacement data in the dynamic monitoring data, and is the cumulative displacement rate of the slope within each spatiotemporal window unit. The cumulative displacement rate reflects the degree of slope deformation over a period of time and is an important deformation indicator for assessing slope stability.

[0076] The crack growth rate is calculated by processing the monitored crack width data and calculating the crack growth rate within each time and space window unit. The change in the crack growth rate can reflect the change in the internal stress of the slope. When the crack growth rate accelerates, it means that the stability of the slope is decreasing.

[0077] The settlement gradient is calculated based on settlement monitoring data at different locations on the slope. The settlement gradient reflects the difference in deformation of the slope in the vertical direction. Excessive settlement gradient will lead to uneven settlement of the slope, which will affect the stability of the slope.

[0078] The restoration effect indicators include the additional cohesion of vegetation roots, the friction coefficient of the interface between the imported soil layer and the original slope, and the proportion of the effective anchoring force of the ecological anchor;

[0079] The additional cohesion of vegetation roots is studied through field tests or model tests to study the reinforcement effect of vegetation roots on slope rock and soil, and to calculate the additional cohesion of vegetation roots. Vegetation roots can increase the cohesion of slope rock and soil, thereby improving the stability of the slope.

[0080] The interface friction coefficient between the imported soil layer and the original slope is determined by conducting mechanical tests on the contact surface between the imported soil layer and the original slope. The imported soil layer is one of the commonly used measures in mine ecological restoration. The interface friction coefficient between the imported soil layer and the original slope reflects the interaction force between the imported soil layer and the original slope, which has a significant impact on the stability of the slope.

[0081] The effective anchoring force ratio of the ecological anchor is calculated based on the pull-out test data of the ecological anchor, and its ratio in the total anchoring force is determined. The ecological anchor is an ecological support structure used to reinforce slopes, and the magnitude of its effective anchoring force directly affects the stability of the slope. The higher the effective anchoring force ratio, the more significant the reinforcing effect of the ecological anchor on the slope.

[0082] In this step, the periodic laws of mining activities, operation intervals, the speed of geological condition changes, historical data, and monitoring sensor performance are comprehensively considered, so that the time window setting can accurately reflect the stability changes of the slopes at different stages, avoiding the limitations of considering a single factor, and providing a more practical time dimension analysis basis for subsequent evaluations; spatial grid division is carried out according to factors such as terrain undulation, landform type, slope height and gradient, morphological characteristics, and the layout of monitoring sensors, which can fully consider the spatial heterogeneity of the slopes, make each grid unit more representative and targeted, and provide a spatial dimension guarantee for accurately evaluating the stability of slopes in different areas; the safety factor of the sliding surface, the plastic zone, and the slope height and gradient are the key factors to determine the stability of the slopes. Mechanical indicators such as area ratio and structural surface shear strength reserve coefficient, starting from the mechanical properties of the slope, deeply analyze the slope's ability to resist sliding, the degree of plastic deformation and the contribution of the structural surface to stability, providing an important basis for evaluating the mechanical stability of the slope; deformation indicators such as cumulative displacement rate, crack expansion rate and settlement gradient, through monitoring and analysis of slope surface and deep displacement, crack changes and vertical deformation differences, intuitively reflect the deformation of the slope, can timely discover the changing trend of slope stability, and provide early warning for taking corresponding protective measures; repair effect indicators such as additional cohesion of vegetation roots, friction coefficient of the interface between the imported soil layer and the original slope and the effective anchoring force ratio of ecological anchor rods, from the perspective of ecological restoration The stability of the slope was evaluated from the perspective of the environment, and the impact of ecological restoration measures such as vegetation, imported soil layer and ecological anchor on the stability of the slope was taken into account, providing a scientific basis for the effect evaluation of mine ecological restoration projects; the spatial grid was divided according to the layout position and distribution density of monitoring sensors, which can make full use of the dense sensor data in different areas, improve the utilization rate of data and the accuracy of evaluation; at the same time, the time window was set according to the sensor performance and sampling frequency, which ensured the timeliness and accuracy of the data and further improved the reliability of the evaluation; through the calculation and analysis of multi-dimensional stability evaluation indicators, the stability of the slope can be fully and accurately understood, providing a scientific basis for the formulation of slope protection measures in the mine production process; timely By identifying potential problems in slope stability and taking corresponding reinforcement and protection measures, the risk of slope instability accidents can be effectively reduced, and the safe operation of mine production can be ensured. The introduction of restoration effect indicators makes the evaluation of the effectiveness of mine ecological restoration projects more scientific and comprehensive. It can accurately evaluate the contribution of ecological restoration measures such as vegetation, imported soil layers and ecological anchors to slope stability, provide a reference for optimizing ecological restoration plans, and help improve the quality and effectiveness of ecological restoration projects. This step comprehensively considers the stability of the slope and the ecological restoration effect, reflecting the concept of green development of mines. Through scientific and reasonable evaluation and protection measures, the coordinated development of mine production and ecological environment is achieved, laying the foundation for the sustainable development of mines.

[0083] S3. Based on the multidimensional stability evaluation indicators corresponding to different spatiotemporal window units, a spatiotemporal sequenced slope stability characteristic matrix is ​​constructed; and the matrix is ​​input into a preset multidimensional stability evaluation model to obtain a dynamic stability index;

[0084] The method for constructing the spatiotemporal serialized slope stability characteristic matrix includes:

[0085] Collect multi-dimensional stability evaluation index data corresponding to each spatiotemporal window unit, including mechanical indexes, deformation indexes, and repair effect indexes;

[0086] Add time index information to each data point according to the preset time window;

[0087] According to the results of spatial grid division, each grid cell is assigned a specific spatial coordinate and spatial index information is added;

[0088] According to the order of time and space, the integrated multi-dimensional stability assessment index data are arranged into a spatiotemporal serialized slope stability characteristic matrix; the rows of the matrix represent different time windows, and the columns represent different assessment indicators;

[0089] The constructed spatiotemporal slope stability characteristic matrix is ​​used as the input data of the model. The model receives all the evaluation index information in the matrix and performs comprehensive analysis and processing on this information according to its internal algorithm and parameter settings.

[0090] The dynamic stability index output by the model is a comprehensive quantitative indicator that reflects the overall stability level of the slope during the current assessment period. A larger dynamic stability index value indicates better slope stability, while a smaller value indicates worse slope stability.

[0091] The model extracts features from the input feature matrix and identifies key indicators and characteristic patterns that have a significant impact on slope stability. At the same time, it assigns corresponding weights to each indicator based on its importance to slope stability.

[0092] Based on the extracted features and assigned weights, the model uses a preset algorithm to evaluate the stability of the slope; through calculation and reasoning, it derives a dynamic stability index that can comprehensively reflect the stability of the slope.

[0093] In this step, by collecting the multi-dimensional stability evaluation index data corresponding to each spatiotemporal window unit and adding time and space index information, the scattered data are integrated into an orderly spatiotemporal serialization matrix, which comprehensively covers the key information required for slope stability evaluation and provides a rich and complete data basis for subsequent evaluation; arranging the data in time and space order to form a matrix can accurately reflect the stability changes of the slope at different time and space positions, clearly present the dynamic evolution process and spatial distribution characteristics of the slope stability, and help to deeply understand the spatiotemporal laws of slope stability; the constructed feature matrix is ​​used as the model input data, and the model performs comprehensive analysis and processing after receiving all the evaluation index information; the model identifies key indicators and feature patterns through feature extraction, and assigns weights according to the importance of each indicator, and uses the preset algorithm to perform Evaluation; This comprehensive analysis method fully considers the interrelationships and influences among various indicators, can more accurately evaluate slope stability, and reduce the limitations of single indicator evaluation; the dynamic stability index output by the model is a comprehensive quantitative indicator that intuitively reflects the overall stability level of the slope during the current evaluation period; the larger the index value, the better the slope stability, and the smaller the value, the worse the stability, which provides clear and quantifiable results for slope stability evaluation, facilitating decision makers to make judgments and decisions; by constructing a spatiotemporal serialized feature matrix and using the model for real-time evaluation, it is possible to obtain dynamic change information on slope stability in a timely manner, realize real-time monitoring and early warning of slope stability, provide timely and effective decision-making support for mine ecological restoration work, and help to take targeted restoration measures to ensure the safety of mine production and surrounding environment.

[0094] S4. Considering the acquired real-time environmental load interference data, the dynamic stability index is corrected to obtain a corrected stability index; and a pre-set slope stability threshold is used to perform an early warning judgment;

[0095] Utilize various sensors and monitoring equipment, such as rain gauges, seismometers, and anemometers, to collect real-time environmental load disturbance data during the assessment period. This data includes information on rainfall intensity, seismic activity, and man-made engineering disturbances. Clean, filter, and organize the collected raw data to remove outliers and noise to ensure data accuracy and reliability. Furthermore, standardize the data to make it comparable and operational.

[0096] Based on historical data, statistical analysis methods were used to deeply explore the correlation between the dynamic stability index and environmental load interference data. The correlation between rainfall and slope stability was analyzed to determine the changing trend of the slope stability index under different rainfall levels. Based on the correlation analysis results, a comparison table of interference stability correlation coefficients was established. This comparison table uses environmental load interference data as input and the corresponding correlation coefficients as output, providing a basis for subsequent correction calculations.

[0097] Based on the acquired real-time environmental load interference data, the interference stability correlation coefficient comparison table is matched to determine the corresponding correlation coefficient; if the real-time rainfall is within a certain interval in the comparison table, the correlation coefficient corresponding to the interval is obtained; when there are multiple environmental load interference factors, the interaction and comprehensive impact of each factor need to be considered; the correlation coefficients of each factor are comprehensively considered to obtain a comprehensive correlation coefficient;

[0098] According to the degree of influence of each environmental load interference factor on slope stability, a corresponding weight is assigned to it; combining the preset environmental load interference factor weight and the determined correlation coefficient, the dynamic stability index is corrected to obtain a corrected stability index;

[0099] The basis for setting the preset slope stability threshold includes:

[0100] Geological Condition Analysis: In-depth research and assessment of the basic geological conditions of the regional slopes, including the geological structure and rock and soil properties. For example, slopes with developed weak rock layers and dense joints and fissures have relatively poor stability, and the stability threshold should be set relatively low. However, for slopes with hard, intact rock masses, the threshold can be appropriately increased.

[0101] Historical data reference: Collect historical stability data for the slope and similar surrounding slopes, including the time, scale, and corresponding stability status of past geological disasters such as landslides and collapses. By analyzing this historical data, determine the critical values ​​at different stability levels as a reference for pre-set thresholds.

[0102] Engineering experience: Incorporating practical engineering experience in slope protection, we refer to the indicators and threshold ranges for slope stability evaluation in relevant specifications and standards. We also invite industry experts to conduct demonstrations and evaluations, and make reasonable adjustments to the thresholds based on their opinions and suggestions.

[0103] The method for making early warning judgment on the modified stability index using a preset slope stability threshold includes:

[0104] The slope stability is divided into multiple levels, including stable, basically stable, unstable and unstable. Each level corresponds to a specific stability index range, and the stability threshold corresponding to each stability level is determined;

[0105] Comparing the obtained modified stability index with a preset slope stability threshold; determining the slope stability level according to the threshold range of the modified stability index;

[0106] If the modified stability index is within the threshold range of the stability level, it means that the slope is currently stable and the risk of geological disasters is low. At this time, the existing monitoring and management measures can be maintained, but the stability changes of the slope still need to be continuously monitored.

[0107] When the modified stability index is within the threshold range of the basic stability level, there are certain potential instability factors in the slope, but it has not yet reached the level of causing geological disasters. It is necessary to strengthen the monitoring frequency of the slope, pay close attention to its stability change trend, and take some preventive measures.

[0108] If the modified stability index falls within the threshold range of the under-instability level, the instability of the slope will be further aggravated, and the possibility of geological disasters will be greater. At this time, appropriate control measures should be taken immediately to reduce the load on the slope and improve its stability. At the same time, the control of personnel and facilities in the surrounding area should be strengthened, and warning signs should be set up to prevent accidents.

[0109] When the modified stability index is lower than the threshold of the instability level, the slope is in an extremely unstable state and geological disasters such as landslides and collapses may occur at any time; the emergency plan should be immediately activated, personnel should be evacuated from the dangerous area, and emergency rescue measures should be taken;

[0110] Based on the warning judgment results, early warning information should be issued in a timely manner; the warning information should include the stability level of the slope, the type of geological disaster that may occur, the scope of the dangerous area, and recommended measures. Early warning information can be released through various channels, such as text messages, emails, sound and light alarm systems, and broadcasts, to ensure that relevant personnel can receive the warning information in a timely manner and take appropriate actions;

[0111] After the warning is issued, the stability of the slope is continuously monitored and evaluated; the warning level and corresponding response measures are adjusted in a timely manner according to the actual changes in the slope; at the same time, the warning judgment process is summarized and feedback is provided, the accuracy and timeliness of the warning are analyzed, and the warning judgment method and threshold setting are continuously optimized to improve the level and effect of slope stability warning.

[0112] In this step, by collecting various environmental load interference data in real time and incorporating them into the stability assessment system, the dynamic impact of these factors on slope stability is fully considered, making the assessment results more in line with the actual situation and avoiding the assessment deviation caused by ignoring environmental interference in traditional methods; the collected original data are cleaned, screened, sorted and standardized to ensure the quality and availability of the data; at the same time, statistical analysis methods are used to deeply explore the correlation between the dynamic stability index and environmental load interference data, and a comparison table of interference stability correlation coefficients is established, which provides a scientific basis for subsequent correction calculations and further improves the accuracy of the assessment; according to the real-time environmental load interference data The corresponding correlation coefficient is determined by matching in the comparison table; when there are multiple environmental load interference factors, the interaction and comprehensive influence of each factor are comprehensively considered to obtain a comprehensive correlation coefficient; it can more comprehensively and accurately reflect the impact of environmental interference on slope stability; according to the degree of influence of each environmental load interference factor on slope stability, it assigns corresponding weights to them; combined with the preset weights and the determined correlation coefficient, the dynamic stability index is corrected to obtain the corrected stability index; it can more accurately reflect the true stability state of the slope under complex environmental conditions; the setting of the preset slope stability threshold fully considers multiple factors such as geological conditions, historical data and engineering experience. factors, ensuring the rationality and reliability of the threshold; by dividing the slope stability into multiple levels and determining the stability threshold corresponding to each level, a clear basis is provided for early warning judgment; the modified stability index is compared with the preset threshold, and the stability level of the slope is determined according to the threshold range of the index, and corresponding early warning measures are taken; this multi-level early warning judgment method can more accurately reflect the stability status of the slope and provide strong support for subsequent governance and management; according to the early warning judgment results, early warning information is issued in a timely manner; the early warning information is issued through multiple channels to ensure that relevant personnel can receive and take action in a timely manner, thereby improving the timeliness and effectiveness of emergency response; in the early warning After the announcement, the stability of the slope is continuously monitored and evaluated, and the warning level and response measures are adjusted in time according to the actual changes; at the same time, the warning judgment process is summarized and feedback is given, and the warning judgment method and threshold setting are continuously optimized, which improves the level and effect of slope stability warning and enhances the emergency response capability; through accurate evaluation and warning, potential unstable factors of the slope can be discovered in time, and corresponding control measures can be taken to reduce the risk of geological disasters and ensure the safety of mine production and the surrounding environment; stable slope conditions are conducive to the development of mine ecological restoration work, and provide a good foundation for restoration measures such as vegetation restoration and ecological support structures, thereby promoting the sustainable development of the mine.

[0113] Example 2: Figure 3 As shown, the slope stability assessment method and system for mine ecological restoration of the present invention specifically include the following modules:

[0114] The data acquisition module collects basic geological data and dynamic monitoring data of the slopes in the assessment area based on the set data acquisition frequency;

[0115] The time-space division and index calculation module divides time and space according to the preset time window and space grid to obtain multiple time-space window units. It then calculates multi-dimensional stability evaluation indicators based on the basic geological data and dynamic monitoring data corresponding to each time-space window unit.

[0116] The characteristic matrix construction and index calculation module constructs a spatiotemporal sequenced slope stability characteristic matrix based on the multidimensional stability evaluation indicators corresponding to different spatiotemporal window units, and inputs it into the preset multidimensional stability evaluation model to obtain the dynamic stability index.

[0117] The index correction and early warning judgment module considers the real-time environmental load interference data obtained, corrects the dynamic stability index, obtains a corrected stability index, and uses a preset slope stability threshold to perform early warning judgment.

[0118] The system's data acquisition module can frequently collect basic geological data and dynamic monitoring data covering displacement, pressure, vegetation, and other types. This allows for the integration of multi-source information, including geological, environmental, and ecological, to comprehensively cover factors influencing slope stability, avoid missing key information, and lay the data foundation for accurate assessment.

[0119] The spatiotemporal partitioning and index calculation module breaks through the limitations of traditional static assessments. By pre-setting the spatiotemporal grid, it places slope stability assessment within a dynamic spatiotemporal framework. Multi-dimensional indicators are independently calculated for each spatiotemporal window unit, capturing subtle temporal evolution and spatial variations of the slope, such as differences in deformation rates across different regions and spatiotemporal fluctuations in the shear strength of structural surfaces. This makes it more responsive to the actual conditions of complex mines than traditional methods.

[0120] The index correction and early warning judgment module introduces real-time environmental load interference data to correct the dynamic stability index, overcoming the defect of traditional methods that lack a dynamic adjustment mechanism. It can promptly respond to changes in external loads such as rainfall and earthquakes, synchronously correct assessment results and trigger early warnings, so that the assessment results reflect the actual stability status of the slope in real time, improving the timeliness and accuracy of disaster warnings.

[0121] A multi-dimensional evaluation index system for mechanics, deformation, and restoration effects is systematically constructed. Compared with traditional single physical and mechanical parameter analysis, this system not only considers the mechanical nature of the slope, but also focuses on deformation trends and ecological restoration effectiveness. For example, indicators such as the additional cohesion of vegetation roots and the proportion of ecological anchor force quantify the contribution of ecological restoration to slope stability, providing a basis for evaluating and optimizing the effectiveness of mine ecological restoration.

[0122] Leveraging multi-source data, spatiotemporal analysis, and a dynamic correction mechanism, the system breaks free from the limitations of empirical formulas. It accurately characterizes slope stability in special geological and complex mining scenarios through data-driven analysis, resolving challenges that traditional methods struggle to accurately assess.

[0123] In summary, the above-mentioned mine ecological restoration slope stability assessment system can more comprehensively, accurately and dynamically assess the stability status of the slope through the advantages of multi-source data fusion, refined spatiotemporal coupling analysis, multi-dimensional assessment model, real-time environmental interference correction and early warning judgment mechanism, providing strong support for mine ecological restoration and slope protection.

[0124] The various variations and specific embodiments of the slope stability assessment method applied to mine ecological restoration in the aforementioned embodiment 1 are also applicable to the slope stability assessment system applied to mine ecological restoration in this embodiment. Through the aforementioned detailed description of the slope stability assessment method applied to mine ecological restoration, those skilled in the art can clearly understand the implementation method of the slope stability assessment system applied to mine ecological restoration in this embodiment, so for the sake of brevity of the specification, it will not be described in detail here.

[0125] The above is only a preferred embodiment of the present invention. It should be pointed out that for ordinary technicians in this technical field, several improvements and modifications can be made without departing from the technical principles of the present invention. These improvements and modifications should also be regarded as the scope of protection of the present invention.

Claims

1. A slope stability assessment method for mine ecological restoration, characterized in that: The method comprises: Collect basic geological data and dynamic monitoring data of the slopes in the assessment area based on the set data collection frequency; The time and space are divided according to the preset time window and space grid to obtain multiple time and space window units, and the multi-dimensional stability evaluation index is calculated based on the basic geological data and dynamic monitoring data corresponding to each time and space window unit; the setting method of the time window includes: determining by analyzing the periodic law of mining activities; determining by considering the operation interval during the mining process to avoid mixing the interval and the operation period in one time window; determining by the changing speed of the geological conditions of the slope through regular geological surveys and monitoring; determining by analyzing the relationship between the change of geological conditions and the stability of the slope by comparing the historical data of the change of slope stability under the same geological conditions in the past; and determining by evaluating the performance of the monitoring sensors used and the sampling frequency; Based on the multidimensional stability evaluation indicators corresponding to different spatiotemporal window units, a spatiotemporal sequenced slope stability characteristic matrix is ​​constructed and input into the preset multidimensional stability evaluation model to obtain the dynamic stability index. The dynamic stability index is corrected by taking into account the real-time environmental load interference data to obtain a corrected stability index; and a pre-set slope stability threshold is used to make an early warning judgment.

2. The slope stability assessment method for mine ecological restoration according to claim 1, characterized in that: Taking into account the acquired real-time environmental load interference data, the dynamic stability index is corrected to obtain a corrected stability index, including: Obtain real-time environmental load interference data during the evaluation period; According to the correlation between the dynamic stability index and the environmental load interference data in the historical data, a comparison table of interference stability correlation coefficients is established; Matching the interference stability correlation coefficient comparison table according to the real-time environmental load interference data to determine the corresponding correlation coefficient; In combination with the preset weight of the environmental load interference factor, based on the dynamic stability index and the determined correlation coefficient, the dynamic stability index is corrected to obtain a corrected stability index.

3. The slope stability assessment method for mine ecological restoration according to claim 2, characterized in that: The environmental load disturbance data includes rainfall intensity, earthquake activity and artificial engineering disturbance information.

4. The slope stability assessment method for mine ecological restoration according to claim 1, characterized in that: The basic geological data include rock and soil type, structural surface attitude, bulk density, cohesion and internal friction angle.

5. The slope stability assessment method for mine ecological restoration according to claim 1, characterized in that: The dynamic monitoring data include surface displacement, deep displacement, crack width, pore water pressure, imported soil layer thickness, vegetation coverage and ecological support structure stress.

6. The slope stability assessment method for mine ecological restoration according to claim 1, characterized in that: The multi-dimensional stability assessment indicators include mechanical indicators, deformation indicators and repair effect indicators; among them, the mechanical indicators include the sliding surface safety factor, the proportion of plastic zone area and the structural surface shear strength reserve coefficient; the deformation indicators include the cumulative displacement rate, the crack propagation rate and the settlement gradient; the repair effect indicators include the additional cohesion of vegetation roots, the friction coefficient of the interface between the imported soil layer and the original slope and the proportion of the effective anchoring force of the ecological anchor.

7. The slope stability assessment method for mine ecological restoration according to claim 6, characterized in that: The method for constructing the spatiotemporal serialized slope stability characteristic matrix includes: Collect multi-dimensional stability evaluation index data corresponding to each spatiotemporal window unit, including mechanical indexes, deformation indexes, and repair effect indexes; Add time index information to each data point according to the preset time window; According to the results of spatial grid division, each grid cell is assigned a specific spatial coordinate and spatial index information is added; According to the order of time and space, the integrated multi-dimensional stability assessment index data are arranged into a spatiotemporal serialized slope stability characteristic matrix.

8. The slope stability assessment method for mine ecological restoration according to claim 1, characterized in that: The method for making early warning judgment on the modified stability index using a preset slope stability threshold includes: Classify slope stability into multiple levels, including stable, basically stable, unstable and unstable, and determine the stability threshold corresponding to each stability level; Comparing the obtained modified stability index with a preset slope stability threshold, and determining the slope stability level according to the threshold range of the modified stability index; According to the warning judgment results, early warning information will be released in a timely manner.

9. The slope stability assessment method for mine ecological restoration according to claim 8, characterized in that: The warning information includes the stability level of the slope, the type of geological disaster that will occur, the scope of the dangerous area and the recommended measures.

10. A slope stability assessment system for mine ecological restoration, characterized in that: The system is applied to the slope stability assessment method for mine ecological restoration according to claim 1, and the system includes: The data acquisition module collects basic geological data and dynamic monitoring data of the slopes in the assessment area based on the set data acquisition frequency; The time-space division and index calculation module divides time and space according to the preset time window and space grid to obtain multiple time-space window units. Based on the basic geological data and dynamic monitoring data corresponding to each time-space window unit, it calculates multi-dimensional stability evaluation indicators; The characteristic matrix construction and index calculation module constructs a spatiotemporal sequenced slope stability characteristic matrix based on the multidimensional stability evaluation indicators corresponding to different spatiotemporal window units, and inputs it into the preset multidimensional stability evaluation model to obtain the dynamic stability index. The index correction and early warning judgment module considers the real-time environmental load interference data obtained, corrects the dynamic stability index, obtains a corrected stability index, and uses a preset slope stability threshold to perform early warning judgment.

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