Dual-control building photovoltaic curtain wall assembly output efficiency measuring and calculating method and system

Abstract

The invention discloses a dual-control building photovoltaic curtain wall assembly output efficiency measuring and calculating method and system, and the method comprises the steps: designing and obtaining a current and voltage collection device based on two layers of relays, and the current and voltage collection device comprises a first-layer relay, a second-layer relay, a sampling control module, and a voltage and current sampling module; programming control is carried out through the first layer of relays, and on-off switching of a circuit is carried out according to preset logic; circuit protection is carried out through a second-layer relay, and the circuit is disconnected when the voltage or current of the circuit exceeds a safety threshold value; the sampling control module sends out a control signal to control the voltage and current sampling module to respectively sample the loaded voltage and current in real time while the switch is closed; according to the sampled voltage data and current data, the output power and system efficiency of the building photovoltaic curtain wall assembly are calculated, and a measurement result is obtained. According to the invention, the accuracy, safety and real-time performance of building photovoltaic curtain wall assembly output efficiency measurement and calculation are significantly improved.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present invention belongs to the field of testing photovoltaic curtain wall components, and particularly relates to a method and system for calculating the output efficiency of building photovoltaic curtain wall components with dual control. Background Art

[0002] With the intensification of the global energy crisis and the prominence of environmental problems, reducing the dependence on fossil energy and lowering carbon emissions have become the consensus of governments and research institutions around the world. Photovoltaic power generation, as a clean and renewable energy source, is gradually replacing traditional energy and becoming an important technical means to promote the adjustment of the energy structure. In recent years, photovoltaic power generation technology has developed rapidly, the efficiency of photovoltaic cells has been continuously improved, and the power generation cost has been significantly reduced, which provides strong support for the commercial promotion of photovoltaic power generation. Modern building photovoltaic systems combined with energy storage technology, smart grids and digital monitoring have further improved the energy utilization rate and stability. Photovoltaic power generation has gradually become one of the main power sources from a supplementary energy source. Studying the output efficiency of building photovoltaic systems can not only improve the economy and reliability of photovoltaic power generation, but also contribute to promoting the global sustainable development process. However, the existing testing methods cannot meet the high-power conditions of special building photovoltaic curtain wall components, and it is necessary to solve the problem of occasional random overload in the circuit. Summary of the Invention

[0003] To solve the above technical problems, the present invention provides a method and system for calculating the output efficiency of building photovoltaic curtain wall components with dual control. Among them, a method for calculating the output efficiency of building photovoltaic curtain wall components with dual control is characterized by including:

[0004] Design and obtain a current-voltage acquisition device based on two-layer relays; wherein, the current-voltage acquisition device includes a first-layer relay, a second-layer relay, a sampling control module, and a voltage-current sampling module;

[0005] Through programming control of the first-layer relay, the on-off switching of the circuit is carried out according to a preset logic;

[0006] Through the second-layer relay for circuit protection, the circuit is disconnected when the circuit voltage or current exceeds the safety threshold;

[0007] Through the sampling control module to issue a control signal, while the switch is closed, control the voltage-current sampling module to respectively sample the loaded voltage and current in real time;

[0008] According to the sampled voltage data and current data, calculate the output power and system efficiency of the building photovoltaic curtain wall components to obtain the measurement result.

[0009] Preferably, the first-layer relay is controlled by an STM32 single-chip microcomputer;

[0010] The configuration of the STM32 single-chip microcomputer includes:

[0011] Use the PB0 pin of GPIOB as the output pin for controlling the relay, and drive the relay by configuring the GPIO output pin as the push-pull mode;

[0012] Utilize the TIM2 timer to generate a 1kHz basic clock to provide a time reference for delay and frequency control;

[0013] The delay is implemented based on the timer delay function Delay_ms;

[0014] Calculate the switching period through programming, automatically generate the switching control signal of the relay according to the set frequency, switch the stable frequency of the relay, and simplify the delay function at the same time.

[0015] Preferably, the process of calculating the switching period through programming and automatically generating the switching control signal of the relay according to the set frequency to switch the stable frequency of the relay includes:

[0016] FLYMCU debugging and connection. After compiling and generating the.hex file, burn it into the STM32 through the FLYMCU tool;

[0017] Connect the UART pin of the STM32 to the computer through a USB-to-serial tool for communication and debugging;

[0018] Adjust the GPIO pins according to the actual relay connection situation, and modify the RELAY_TOGGLE_FREQ macro definition to set the required relay switching frequency.

[0019] Preferably, the configuration chip model of the STM32 single-chip microcomputer configuration is the STM32F10x series.

[0020] Preferably, the adjusting the GPIO pins according to the actual relay connection situation further includes:

[0021] Expand or further optimize the function by adding interrupt control or PWM signal generation.

[0022] Preferably, the process of circuit protection through the second-layer relay includes:

[0023] When the circuit voltage or current exceeds the preset safety threshold, the second-layer relay disconnects the circuit;

[0024] Among them, the safety threshold is set according to the rated voltage and current of the building photovoltaic curtain wall components.

[0025] Preferably, the process of the sampling control module sending a control signal to close the switch while controlling the voltage and current sampling module to respectively perform real-time sampling on the applied voltage and current includes:

[0026] The control circuit sends a control signal for the switch through the sampling control module to close the switch, and at the same time, controls the voltage and current sampling module to perform real-time sampling on the voltage and current of the whole process at a preset sampling speed;

[0027] When the switch is just closed, sample the current flowing through the circuit to obtain the short-circuit current of the photovoltaic array;

[0028] When the switch is disconnected, sample the voltage to obtain the open-circuit voltage of the photovoltaic array;

[0029] The current and voltage signals collected are converted into transmission signals through the current transmitter and voltage transmitter of the voltage and current sampling module;

[0030] Based on the sampling control module, the transmission signal is transmitted to the computer through the RS485 communication interface to obtain the real-time monitoring result of the signal.

[0031] The present invention also provides a system for calculating the output efficiency of a building photovoltaic curtain wall component with dual control, including:

[0032] A current and voltage acquisition device based on two layers of relays, a data transmission module, and an efficiency calculation module;

[0033] Among them, the current and voltage acquisition device includes a first layer of relay, a second layer of relay, a sampling control module, and a voltage and current sampling module;

[0034] The first layer of relay is used for programmable control and switches the on and off of the circuit according to a preset logic;

[0035] The second layer of relay is used for circuit protection and disconnects the circuit when the circuit voltage or current exceeds the safety threshold;

[0036] The sampling control module is used to send a control signal to close the switch;

[0037] The voltage and current sampling module is used to respectively perform real-time sampling on the applied voltage and current;

[0038] The data transmission module is used to transmit the sampled voltage and current data to the computer;

[0039] The efficiency calculation module is used to calculate the output power and system efficiency of the building photovoltaic curtain wall component according to the sampled voltage data and current data to obtain the calculation result.

[0040] Preferably, the first - layer relay is controlled by an STM32 single - chip microcomputer;

[0041] The safety threshold is set according to the rated voltage and current of the building photovoltaic curtain wall components.

[0042] Preferably, the voltage - current sampling module includes a current transmitter and a voltage transmitter;

[0043] The current transmitter and the voltage transmitter are used to convert the collected current and voltage signals into transmission signals;

[0044] The sampling control module transmits the transmission signal to a computer through an RS485 communication interface to obtain the real - time monitoring result of the signal.

[0045] Compared with the prior art, the present invention has the following advantages and technical effects:

[0046] A method for calculating the output efficiency of a building photovoltaic curtain wall component with dual control proposed by the present invention realizes the efficient, safe and accurate calculation of the output efficiency of the building photovoltaic curtain wall component through two - layer relay control and high - precision data acquisition technology.

[0047] Through the design of two - layer relays and the combination of a current transmitter and a voltage transmitter, the present invention realizes the high - precision real - time sampling of the output current and voltage of the building photovoltaic curtain wall component. The first - layer relay realizes the on - off switching of the circuit through programmable control, ensuring the flexibility and accuracy of the sampling process; the second - layer relay is used for circuit protection to avoid damage caused by overload. In addition, the sampled data is transmitted to a computer through an RS485 communication interface, realizing the second - level data sampling ability, significantly improving the accuracy and real - time performance of data acquisition. This enables the system to accurately reflect the dynamic output characteristics of the photovoltaic curtain wall component and provides reliable data support for efficiency evaluation.

[0048] Through the circuit protection function of the second - layer relay, the present invention can quickly disconnect the circuit when the voltage or current exceeds the safety threshold, effectively avoiding the damage of overload to the relay and the circuit. This dual - protection mechanism not only ensures the safety and stability of the circuit, but also extends the service life of the equipment and reduces the maintenance cost.

[0049] The present invention uses an STM32 single - chip microcomputer to control the first - layer relay. By configuring the GPIO pins and timers, the precise driving and frequency control of the relay are realized. Users can adjust the switching frequency of the relay according to actual needs to flexibly adapt to the sampling requirements in different scenarios. This programmable control method not only improves the versatility and adaptability of the system, but also provides technical support for subsequent function expansion.

[0050] By precisely collecting the short - circuit current and open - circuit voltage of photovoltaic curtain wall components, the present invention can accurately calculate the output power and system efficiency of the components. Compared with traditional IV detection methods, the present invention solves the problem of current or voltage overload under high - power conditions, ensuring the integrity and accuracy of data collection. This makes the system efficiency evaluation more scientific and reliable, providing a strong basis for the optimal design and operation management of building photovoltaic curtain wall systems.

[0051] The automatic control and data collection functions of the present invention reduce the need for manual operation, reducing errors and risks caused by human factors. At the same time, through real - time monitoring and circuit protection mechanisms, the system can automatically identify and handle abnormal situations, reducing the occurrence frequency of equipment failures, thereby reducing maintenance costs and the complexity of system operation.

[0052] The present invention provides an efficient, safe, and accurate technical means for measuring the output efficiency of building photovoltaic curtain wall components, which helps to improve the overall performance and reliability of building photovoltaic systems. By accurately evaluating the operating state of photovoltaic curtain wall components, it can provide a scientific basis for building design, system optimization, and energy management, further promoting the application of building photovoltaic systems in the field of sustainable development.

[0053] In summary, through a dual - control mechanism and high - precision data collection technology, the present invention significantly improves the accuracy, safety, and real - time performance of measuring the output efficiency of building photovoltaic curtain wall components, reduces system operation and maintenance costs, and provides important technical support for the wide application and development of building photovoltaic systems. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0054] The drawings constituting a part of this application are used to provide a further understanding of this application. The schematic embodiments and descriptions thereof of this application are used to explain this application and do not constitute an improper limitation of this application. In the drawings:

[0055] Figure 1 is a schematic flowchart of the method of the embodiment of the present invention;

[0056] Figure 2 is a schematic connection diagram of the device for the output efficiency measurement method of the embodiment of the present invention;

[0057] Figure 3 is a schematic diagram of photovoltaic array power sampling of the embodiment of the present invention. DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE EMBODIMENTS

[0058] It should be noted that, without conflict, the embodiments in this application and the features in the embodiments can be combined with each other. The following will refer to the drawings and combine the embodiments to detail this application.

[0059] It should be noted that the steps shown in the flowchart of the accompanying drawings can be executed in a computer system such as a set of computer-executable instructions. And although the logical order is shown in the flowchart, in some cases, the steps shown or described can be executed in a different order than here.

[0060] The output performance test of building photovoltaic curtain wall components is an important part of evaluating the system performance, and is usually used to analyze the power generation efficiency, output characteristics and fault diagnosis of facade photovoltaic curtain wall components. In a photovoltaic power station, the power output performance of components plays a decisive role in the power generation of the power station. Among them, the internal factors mainly include cell damage, cell aging, encapsulation material aging, cell attenuation, and component matching loss, etc.; the external environmental factors include component occlusion, environmental temperature, sunlight intensity, wind speed, etc. In order to accurately evaluate the operating status of the photovoltaic array, it is necessary to detect the output performance of photovoltaic components under different conditions.

[0061] General method for testing the power generation of photovoltaic components: IV detection instrument. The principle is based on the current-voltage characteristic curve of photovoltaic components. By dynamically adjusting the load during the test, the current and voltage values of the photovoltaic components from short-circuit current to open-circuit voltage are collected, and a complete I-V curve is drawn;

[0062] The circuit scanning process is as follows: The I-V tester applies a gradually changing load resistance or electronic load across the components. Between short circuit (load approaching 0) and open circuit (load approaching infinity), the tester collects the output current and voltage values of the photovoltaic components under different load conditions.

[0063] However, for different types of building photovoltaic curtain wall components, the current-voltage may have an overload problem, and the traditional I-V detection method cannot solve the problem of overload current or overload voltage.

[0064] As Figures 1-3 shown, to solve the possible overload problem of the current-voltage of different types of building photovoltaic curtain wall components, this embodiment provides a method for calculating the output performance of building photovoltaic curtain wall components with dual control, including the following steps:

[0065] Design and obtain a current-voltage acquisition device based on two-layer relays; wherein, the current-voltage acquisition device includes a first-layer relay, a second-layer relay, a sampling control module, and a voltage-current sampling module;

[0066] Program control is carried out through the first-layer relay, and the on-off switching of the circuit is carried out according to the preset logic;

[0067] Circuit protection is carried out through the second-layer relay, and the circuit is disconnected when the circuit voltage or current exceeds the safety threshold;

[0068] The sampling control module issues a control signal to close the switch, while controlling the voltage and current sampling modules to respectively perform real-time sampling on the applied voltage and current.

[0069] Based on the sampled voltage data and current data, calculate the output power and system efficiency of the building photovoltaic curtain wall components to obtain the measurement result.

[0070] Furthermore, the first-layer relay is controlled by an STM32 single-chip microcomputer; the configured chip model is the STM32F10x series.

[0071] The configuration of the STM32 single-chip microcomputer includes:

[0072] The relay control based on the STM32 single-chip microcomputer realizes precise driving of the relay by configuring the GPIO output pin as the push-pull mode; uses the timer to generate a 1kHz basic clock to provide a high-precision time reference for delay and frequency control; calculates the switch period through programming and automatically generates the switch control signal of the relay according to the set frequency to achieve stable frequency switching of the relay. At the same time, by simplifying the delay function, it reduces the system resource occupancy and improves the execution efficiency, and is applicable to automation equipment that requires precise cycle control.

[0073] The following is the programming control code of the STM32 single-chip microcomputer:

[0074]

[0075]

[0076]

[0077]

[0078]

[0079] More specifically, the GPIO configuration includes: using the PB0 pin of GPIOB as the output pin for controlling the relay, and configuring it as the push-pull output mode.

[0080] Timer configuration: Use the TIM2 timer to provide a 1kHz basic clock. The optional timer usage is to expand functions, but in this code, it simply implements the delay function.

[0081] Frequency control: Realize the relay switching at a specific frequency by calculating the switch period (1000ms / (frequency * 2)).

[0082] Delay implementation: Based on the simple delay function Delay_ms of the timer.

[0083] FLYMCU Debugging and Connection: After compiling to generate the.hex file, burn it into the STM32 through the FLYMCU tool.

[0084] Connect the UART pins of the STM32 to the computer through a USB-to-serial tool to achieve communication and debugging.

[0085] Adjust the GPIO pins according to the actual relay connection situation, and modify the RELAY_TOGGLE_FREQ macro definition to set the required relay switching frequency. If additional functions need to be extended or further optimized, interrupt control or PWM signal generation can be added.

[0086] The process of using the second-layer relay for circuit protection includes:

[0087] When the circuit voltage or current exceeds the preset safety threshold, the second-layer relay disconnects the circuit;

[0088] Among them, the safety threshold is set according to the rated voltage and current of the building photovoltaic curtain wall components.

[0089] A current and voltage acquisition device based on two layers of relays designed by the present invention effectively solves the problems of load protection and accurate data acquisition of building photovoltaic curtain wall components in high-voltage and high-current environments through the design of two layers of relays.

[0090] The first-layer relay realizes programmable control and is used to switch the circuit on and off according to the preset logic; the second-layer relay is mainly used for circuit protection and can quickly disconnect when the circuit voltage or current exceeds the safety threshold, avoiding relay damage and circuit failure caused by overload.

[0091] Its working principle is as follows: The control circuit sends a control signal for switch S1 through the sampling control module. While closing switch S1, the voltage and current sampling modules are controlled to sample the voltage and current of the whole process at an appropriate sampling speed. When S1 is just closed, the current flowing through the circuit is the short-circuit current I of the photovoltaic array; when S1 is disconnected, the sampled voltage is the open-circuit voltage V of the photovoltaic array. Through the above process, the real-time voltage and current data of the building photovoltaic curtain wall components can be obtained, and the system efficiency can be calculated.

[0092] In order to further improve the data acquisition accuracy, in this embodiment, a current transducer and a voltage transducer of a voltage-current sampling module are used for signal conversion, and based on a sampling control module, the acquired current and voltage data are directly transmitted to a computer through an RS485 communication interface. Combining with the second-level data sampling ability, high-precision real-time monitoring of the output power, current, and voltage of building photovoltaic curtain wall components can be achieved. It can not only ensure the safety and stability of the circuit, but also significantly improve the acquisition efficiency and accuracy of the operation data of building photovoltaic curtain wall components, and is applicable to the monitoring and protection requirements of building photovoltaic curtain wall systems.

[0093] Embodiment 2

[0094] Based on the same inventive concept, this embodiment also provides a system for calculating the output efficiency of a building photovoltaic curtain wall component with dual control, including:

[0095] A current-voltage acquisition device based on two-layer relays, a data transmission module, and an efficiency calculation module;

[0096] Among them, the current-voltage acquisition device includes a first-layer relay, a second-layer relay, a sampling control module, and a voltage-current sampling module;

[0097] The first-layer relay is used for programmable control and switches the circuit on and off according to a preset logic;

[0098] The second-layer relay is used for circuit protection and disconnects the circuit when the circuit voltage or current exceeds the safety threshold;

[0099] The sampling control module is used to issue a control signal to close the switch;

[0100] The voltage-current sampling module is used to respectively sample the loaded voltage and current in real time;

[0101] The data transmission module is used to transmit the sampled voltage and current data to a computer;

[0102] The efficiency calculation module is used to calculate the output power and system efficiency of the building photovoltaic curtain wall component according to the sampled voltage data and current data, and obtain the calculation result.

[0103] Furthermore, the first-layer relay is controlled by an STM32 single-chip microcomputer;

[0104] The safety threshold is set according to the rated voltage and current of the building photovoltaic curtain wall component.

[0105] Furthermore, the voltage-current sampling module includes a current transducer and a voltage transducer;

[0106] The current transducer and the voltage transducer are used to convert the acquired current and voltage signals into transmission signals;

[0107] The sampling control module transmits the transmission signal to the computer through the RS485 communication interface to obtain the real-time monitoring result of the signal.

[0108] The system for calculating the output efficiency of a building photovoltaic curtain wall component with dual control provided in this embodiment has all the advantages of the method for calculating the output efficiency of a building photovoltaic curtain wall component with dual control provided in Embodiment 1.

[0109] Embodiment 3

[0110] This embodiment also discloses a computer device, including a memory, a processor, and a computer program stored on the memory. The processor executes the computer program to implement the steps of the method described in Embodiment 1.

[0111] Embodiment 4

[0112] This embodiment also discloses a computer-readable storage medium, on which a computer program is stored. When the computer program is executed by a processor, it implements the steps of the method described in Embodiment 1.

[0113] Embodiment 5

[0114] This embodiment also discloses a computer program product, including a computer program. When the computer program is executed by a processor, it implements the steps of the method described in Embodiment 1.

[0115] The above is only the preferred specific implementation manner of the present application, but the protection scope of the present application is not limited thereto. Any changes or substitutions that can be easily thought of by those skilled in the art within the technical scope disclosed in the present application should be covered by the protection scope of the present application. Therefore, the protection scope of the present application should be subject to the protection scope of the claims.

Claims

1. A method for calculating the output efficiency of a building photovoltaic curtain wall component with dual control, characterized in that Including: Design and obtain a current and voltage acquisition device based on a two - layer relay; wherein, the current and voltage acquisition device includes a first - layer relay, a second - layer relay, a sampling control module, and a voltage and current sampling module; Programmatically control through the first - layer relay, and perform on - off switching of the circuit according to a preset logic; Perform circuit protection through the second - layer relay, and disconnect the circuit when the circuit voltage or current exceeds a safety threshold; Send a control signal through the sampling control module. When the switch is closed, control the voltage and current sampling module to respectively perform real - time sampling on the applied voltage and current; Calculate the output power and system efficiency of the building photovoltaic curtain wall components based on the sampled voltage data and current data, and obtain a measurement result.

2. The method according to claim 1, wherein: The first - layer relay is controlled by an STM32 single - chip microcomputer; The configuration of the STM32 single - chip microcomputer includes: Use the PB0 pin of GPIOB as the output pin for controlling the relay, and drive the relay by configuring the GPIO output pin as the push - pull mode; Use the TIM2 timer to generate a 1kHz basic clock to provide a time reference for delay and frequency control; The delay is realized by the timer - based delay function Delay_ms; Calculate the switching period through programming, automatically generate the switching control signal of the relay according to the set frequency, switch the stable frequency of the relay, and simplify the delay function at the same time.

3. The method according to claim 2, wherein: The process of calculating the switching period through programming, automatically generating the switching control signal of the relay according to the set frequency, and switching the stable frequency of the relay includes: FLYMCU debugging and connection. After compiling and generating the.hex file, burn it into the STM32 through the FLYMCU tool; Connect the UART pin of the STM32 to the computer through a USB - to - serial port tool for communication and debugging; Adjust the GPIO pins according to the actual relay connection situation, and modify the RELAY_TOGGLE_FREQ macro definition to set the required relay switching frequency.

4. The method according to claim 2, wherein: The configuration chip model of the STM32 single - chip microcomputer is the STM32F10x series.

5. The method according to claim 3, wherein: The adjustment of the GPIO pins according to the actual relay connection situation further includes: Perform function expansion or further optimization by adding interrupt control or PWM signal generation.

6. The method according to claim 1, wherein: The process of performing circuit protection through the second - layer relay includes: When the circuit voltage or current exceeds the preset safety threshold, the second - layer relay disconnects the circuit; Wherein, the safety threshold is set according to the rated voltage and current of the building photovoltaic curtain wall components.

7. The method according to claim 1, wherein: The process of sending a control signal through the sampling control module. When the switch is closed, controlling the voltage and current sampling module to respectively perform real - time sampling on the applied voltage and current includes: The control circuit sends out the control signal of the switch through the sampling control module. While closing the switch, it controls the voltage and current sampling module to sample the voltage and current in real time at a preset sampling speed during the whole process; When the switch is just closed, sample the current flowing through the circuit to obtain the short-circuit current of the photovoltaic array; When the switch is disconnected, sample the voltage to obtain the open-circuit voltage of the photovoltaic array; The current and voltage signals collected are converted into transmission signals through the current transmitter and voltage transmitter of the voltage and current sampling module; Based on the sampling control module, the transmission signal is transmitted to the computer through the RS485 communication interface to obtain the real-time monitoring result of the signal.

8. A measurement system for the output efficiency of a building photovoltaic curtain wall component with dual control, characterized in that It includes: The current and voltage acquisition device based on two-layer relays, data transmission module, and efficiency calculation module; Among them, the current and voltage acquisition device includes the first-layer relay, the second-layer relay, the sampling control module, and the voltage and current sampling module; The first-layer relay is used for programmable control and switches the on-off of the circuit according to the preset logic; The second-layer relay is used for circuit protection and disconnects the circuit when the circuit voltage or current exceeds the safety threshold; The sampling control module is used to send out the control signal to close the switch; The voltage and current sampling module is used to sample the loaded voltage and current in real time respectively; The data transmission module is used to transmit the sampled voltage and current data to the computer; The efficiency calculation module is used to calculate the output power and system efficiency of the building photovoltaic curtain wall component according to the sampled voltage data and current data to obtain the calculation result.

9. The system according to claim 8, characterized in that The first-layer relay is controlled by the STM32 single-chip microcomputer; The safety threshold is set according to the rated voltage and current of the building photovoltaic curtain wall component.

10. The system according to claim 8, characterized in that The voltage and current sampling module includes a current transmitter and a voltage transmitter; The current transmitter and voltage transmitter are used to convert the collected current and voltage signals into transmission signals; The sampling control module transmits the transmission signal to the computer through the RS485 communication interface to obtain the real-time monitoring result of the signal.

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