Systems and methods for synchronizing sequence block power and beamforming offset signaling

Abstract

The signaling is used to indicate to the UE a transmit power and / or beamforming information for each of the one or more SSB beam sets. For example, the beamforming information may indicate an SSB beam specific beamforming offset, also referred to herein as a power control offset. Alternatively, the signaling may indicate a value that combines a transmit power and a power control offset for each of the one or more SSB beams. The signaled information may then be used by the UE to select an optimal SSB and achieve more efficient UL power control. For example, the UE now has an SSB beam-specific beamforming gain offset or EIRP offset, the UE may compute the correct PL and select the SSB that provides the minimum PL. Alternatively or in addition, the signaled information may be used for uplink power control to derive the PL to be used in a power control formula. The SSB set specific information can be used for SSB selection and random access channel (RACH) transmission opportunity selection, and the SSB set specific information can be used for SSB selection and random access channel (RACH) transmission opportunity selection; rACH power control is carried out; controlling the power of the PUCCH; controlling the power of the PUSCH; or beamforming and refinement at the UE.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This application generally relates to wireless communication, and more particularly to the transmission and reception of synchronization sequence blocks (SSBs). Background Art

[0002] An SSB is a block for time and frequency synchronization and provides an entry point for decoding system information. The system information is broadcast using a master information block (MIB) and a series of system information blocks (SIBs) (including SIB1, etc.). The MIB is included in the SSB and includes the necessary information for a user equipment (UE) to decode SIB1 and other SIBs. SIB1 includes the system information for supporting the UE to connect to the cell. The system information is transmitted in sequence, first the MIB, then SIB1, then SIB2, and so on.

[0003] Equivalent isotropic radiation power (EIRP) is the power radiated by a transmitter (as if it had an isotropic antenna) and is based on the transmit power plus the antenna gain in dB. Radio resource control (RRC) signaling is high-layer control signaling for setting control plane information.

[0004] Multiple-input multiple-output (MIMO) systems at higher frequency bands, such as millimeter wave frequencies, often have many antennas at both the transmitter and receiver. In Long Term Evolution (LTE) and New Radio (NR), Synchronization Signal Blocks (SSBs) are introduced to help User Equipment (UE) perform initial access by detecting the cell, synchronize with the Base Station (BS) in both time and frequency dimensions, and detect the Master Information Block (MIB) including the basic information to support the UE's camping on the cell. As the number of antennas increases, more and more SSB transmissions with beamforming in different directions are required to achieve coverage in all directions and depths within the desired cell coverage area. NR supports up to 64 SSB transmissions in different directions of the corresponding beam in a Synchronization Sequence (SS) burst. The beam used to transmit a given SSB is referred to as the SSB beam in this paper. The number of antenna elements in the BS is expected to increase to more than 64, so the SSB beam is often wider than the narrowest possible beam. Given that the SS burst overhead reduces the useful resources for communication, it is best not to have too many SSBs in one SS burst. In addition, SSB transmission is narrowband transmission with a small payload overhead in the MIB. Since the power is concentrated on the SSB, even with a relatively wide SSB beam, the required SSB coverage can be satisfied, thus alleviating the need for very narrow SSB beams. Although SSBs usually contain the same information, they are distinguishable from each other, for example, by the Primary Broadcast Channel (PBCH) Demodulation Reference Signal (DMRS) sequence and the PBCH payload.

[0005] In traditional systems, the UE searches for all possible SSBs of the cell in a burst and selects the SSB with the highest Reference Signal Received Power (RSRP). When doing so, the UE regards the highest RSRP as an indication of the lowest Path Loss (PL) experienced by that SSB among the possible SSBs, which is caused by the favorable beam direction of that SSB beam. Using the selected SSB, the UE performs Random Access Channel (RACH) communication to connect to the cell. The basic assumption of selecting the SSB with the highest RSRP is that each beam has equal Effective Isotropic Radiated Power (EIRP) at the center of its direction because the transmission power and beamforming gain of all SSBs are equal (beam widths are equal).

[0006] In NR, there is a signaling associated with SSB in "ServingCellConfigCommon", and one of its elements is named "ss-PBCH-BlockPower", which defines the power of the SSB. ServingCellConfigCommon is part of SIB1, and this SIB1 is periodically sent by the BS. It can also be included in the RRC signaling to define a secondary cell (SCell). The purpose of ss-PBCH-BlockPower is to enable the UE to estimate the PL in the DL direction for use in the UL direction. To compensate for the problem that the beams used for SSB transmission are generally wider than those used in UL communication, another parameter named powerControlOffsetSS is transmitted to the UE. To estimate the UL path loss based on the received SSB, the path loss estimation in the UL direction is based on the combination of the estimation of the PL in the DL direction and powerControlOFFsetSS. In addition, in rel-16 of NR, ss-PBCH-BlockPower-r16 is defined in SSB-infoNcell-r16 and is signaled to the UE for measuring a specific SSB of a specific neighboring cell. Summary of the Invention

[0007] The signaling is used to indicate to the UE the transmission power and / or beamforming information of each SSB beam set in one or more SSB beam sets. For example, the beamforming information may indicate a beamforming offset specific to the SSB beam, also referred to herein as a power control offset. Alternatively, the signaling may indicate a value that combines the transmission power and the power control offset of each SSB beam in one or more SSB beams. Then, the information signaled can be used by the UE to select the best SSB and achieve more efficient UL power control. For example, now that the UE has a beamforming gain offset or EIRP offset specific to the SSB beam, the UE can calculate the correct PL and select the SSB that provides the minimum PL. Or alternatively or in addition, the information signaled can be used for uplink power control to obtain the PL to be used in the power control formula. The SSB set specific information can be used for SSB selection, random access channel (RACH) transmission timing selection; RACH power control; PUCCH power control; PUSCH power control; sounding reference signal (SRS) power control; or beamforming and refinement at the UE.

[0008] According to one aspect of the present invention, there is provided a method performed in a network device, the method comprising: sending a signaling, the signaling including, for each synchronization sequence block (SSB) set in at least one SSB set, SSB set-specific information for a corresponding beam set for sending the SSB set, the SSB set-specific information including one or more of the following: an indication of an SSB set-specific SSB power; an indication of an SSB set-specific beamforming offset; or an indication of a combination of an SSB set-specific SSB power and a beamforming offset; for each SSB set in the at least one SSB set, sending the SSB set on the corresponding beam set; wherein, for each SSB set, the SSB set includes at least one SSB, and the corresponding beam set includes corresponding beams for each SSB in the SSB set.

[0009] In some embodiments, each SSB set includes a single SSB.

[0010] In some embodiments, the single SSB is implicitly associated with a specific SSB through a quasi-co-location correspondence.

[0011] In some embodiments, each SSB set includes at least two SSBs.

[0012] In some embodiments, the indication of the SSB set-specific SSB power is an indication of an absolute power.

[0013] In some embodiments, the indication of the SSB set-specific SSB power is an indication of a power relative to a baseline value.

[0014] In some embodiments, the indication of the SSB set-specific SSB beamforming offset is an indication of an absolute power control offset.

[0015] In some embodiments, the indication of the SSB set-specific SSB beamforming offset is an indication of an SSB beamforming offset relative to a baseline value.

[0016] In some embodiments, the indication of the combination of the SSB set-specific SSB power and beamforming offset is an absolute indication of the combination.

[0017] In some embodiments, the indication of the combination specific to the SSB set is a relative indication of the combination relative to a baseline value of the combination.

[0018] In some embodiments, the signaling that includes the SSB set specific information includes: signaling the SSB set specific information as part of a master information block (MIB) or a system information block (SIB).

[0019] In some embodiments, signaling the SSB set specific information as part of a master information block (MIB) or a system information block (SIB) includes: signaling the SSB set specific information in ServingCellConfigCommonSIB.

[0020] In some embodiments, the signaling that includes the SSB set specific information includes: signaling the SSB set specific information as part of RRC connection signaling.

[0021] In some embodiments, the signaling that includes the SSB set specific information includes: after initial access is completed, signaling the SSB set specific information as part of RRC signaling.

[0022] In some embodiments, the SSB set specific information includes the corresponding SSB set specific information for each synchronization sequence (SS) burst group in a plurality of SS burst groups.

[0023] In some embodiments, the SSB set specific information includes the corresponding SSB set specific information for each SSB set in a plurality of SSB sets, where each set includes one SSB in each SS burst group in a plurality of synchronization sequence (SS) burst groups.

[0024] In some embodiments, the SSB set specific information includes a set of indexes and SSB set specific information, each index being associated with a corresponding SSB, where the SSB set specific information applies to each SSB having an index included in the set of indexes, and default information applies to each SSB having an index not included in the set of indexes.

[0025] In some embodiments, the SSB set specific information is signaled to a specific SSB as needed.

[0026] In some embodiments, the method further includes: sending a signaling, the signaling including, for each synchronization signal block (SSB) set in at least one SSB set sent by an adjacent cell, SSB set specific information for a corresponding beam set for sending the SSB set.

[0027] According to another aspect of the present invention, there is provided a network device, including: a processor and a memory, the network device being configured to execute the method described herein.

[0028] According to another aspect of the present invention, there is provided a method executed in a device, the method including: receiving a signaling, the signaling including, for each SSB set in at least one synchronization sequence block (SSB) set, SSB set specific information for a corresponding beam set for sending the SSB set, the SSB set specific information including one or more of the following: an indication of an SSB set specific SSB power; an indication of an SSB set specific beamforming offset; or an indication of a combination of an SSB set specific SSB power and a beamforming offset; for each SSB set in the at least one SSB set, receiving the SSB set on the corresponding beam set; wherein, for each SSB set, the SSB set includes at least one SSB, and the corresponding beam set includes corresponding beams for each SSB in the SSB set.

[0029] In some embodiments, each SSB set includes a single SSB.

[0030] In some embodiments, the single SSB is implicitly associated with a specific SSB through a quasi-co-location correspondence.

[0031] In some embodiments, each SSB set includes at least two SSBs.

[0032] In some embodiments, the indication of the SSB set specific SSB power is an indication of an absolute power.

[0033] In some embodiments, the indication of the SSB set specific SSB power is an indication of a power relative to a baseline value.

[0034] In some embodiments, the indication of the SSB set specific SSB beamforming offset is an indication of an absolute power control offset.

[0035] In some embodiments, the indication of the SSB set specific SSB beamforming offset is an indication of an SSB beamforming offset relative to a baseline value.

[0036] In some embodiments, the indication of the combination of the SSB set-specific SSB power and beamforming offset is an absolute indication of the combination.

[0037] In some embodiments, the indication of the combination specific to the SSB set is a relative indication of the combination with respect to a baseline value of the combination.

[0038] In some embodiments, the signaling for receiving the SSB set-specific information includes: receiving the SSB set-specific information as part of a master information block (MIB) or a system information block (SIB).

[0039] In some embodiments, receiving the SSB set-specific information as part of a master information block (MIB) or a system information block (SIB) includes: receiving the SSB set-specific information in ServingCellConfigCommonSIB.

[0040] In some embodiments, the signaling for receiving the SSB set-specific information includes: receiving the SSB set-specific information as part of RRC connection signaling.

[0041] In some embodiments, the signaling for receiving the SSB set-specific information includes: after initial access is completed, receiving the SSB set-specific information as part of RRC signaling.

[0042] In some embodiments, the SSB set-specific information includes the corresponding SSB set-specific information for each synchronization sequence (SS) burst group in a plurality of SS burst groups.

[0043] In some embodiments, the SSB set-specific information includes the corresponding SSB set-specific information for each SSB set in a plurality of SSB sets, where each set includes one SSB in each SS burst group of a plurality of synchronization sequence (SS) burst groups.

[0044] In some embodiments, the SSB set-specific information includes a set of indices and SSB set-specific information, each index being associated with a corresponding SSB, where the SSB set-specific information applies to each SSB having an index included in the set of indices, and default information applies to each SSB having an index not included in the set of indices.

[0045] In some embodiments, the SSB set specific information is signaled to a specific SSB as needed.

[0046] In some embodiments, the method further comprises: receiving a signaling that includes, for each of at least one SSB set transmitted by an adjacent cell, the SSB set specific information for the corresponding beam set for transmitting the SSB set.

[0047] In some embodiments, the method further comprises using the SSB set specific information for at least one of the following: SSB selection, random access channel (RACH) transmission opportunity selection; RACH power control; PUCCH power control; PUSCH power control; or beamforming and refinement at the UE.

[0048] According to another aspect of the present invention, there is provided an apparatus, comprising: a processor and a memory; the apparatus is configured to perform the method described herein.

[0049] According to another aspect of the present invention, there is provided a computer-readable medium having computer-executable instructions stored thereon, the computer-executable instructions being configured to cause a processor to perform the method as described herein.

[0050] Embodiments of the present invention will now be described with reference to the accompanying drawings, in which:

[0051] Embodiments of the present invention will now be described with reference to the accompanying drawings, in which:

[0052] Figure 1 is a block diagram of a communication system;

[0053] Figure 2 is a block diagram of a communication system;

[0054] Figure 3 is a block diagram of a communication system showing the basic component structure of an electronic device (ED) and a base station;

[0055] Figure 4 is a block diagram of a module that can be used to implement or execute one or more steps of embodiments of the present application;

[0056] Figure 5 shows examples of SSB beams in different horizontal and vertical directions;

[0057] Figure 6 shows an exemplary good transmission direction for a specific site;

[0058] Figure 7 shows an example of the SSB beam design of an example; and Figure 6 and

[0059] Figure 8 and Figure 9 is a flowchart of a method for transmitting SSB set specific information by a signal. Detailed implementation

[0060] In the case of large-scale MIMO, different SSBs in a burst are transmitted in different directions to cover users at different distances and positions within the cell coverage area. This action is usually referred to as beam scanning, with the aim of ensuring that all expected coverage areas are served. The beamforming gain of the beam used for each SSB is inversely proportional to the solid angle covered by that beam. In many scenarios, the beams cover different areas in different directions. For example, Figure 5 shows an example of transmitting SSB using 8 different beams, including 4 different directions in the azimuth (horizontal) direction and 2 different directions in the elevation (vertical) direction.

[0061] Although Figure 5 the beam footprints in the two-dimensional representation of look the same, the beams near the zenith and nadir directions (e.g., beam 1500) occupy a smaller solid angle, and the azimuth beams and elevation beams have similar widths. As a result, beam 1500 has a higher beamforming gain compared to beam 2502. The array beamforming pattern is combined with the element beamforming pattern, so the beam gain of beam 1 may be higher or lower depending on the planar antenna oscillator design, and may further affect the beam gain difference between different beams in the azimuth and elevation directions.

[0062] In Figure 5 's example, the users covered by beam 1 are closer to the BS and are more likely to communicate using line of sight (LoS), experiencing better channel conditions, while the users covered by beam 2 are relatively farther from the BS and are more likely to communicate using non-line of sight (NLoS). Such users require more beamforming gain and / or transmit power to achieve the RSRP required for detecting the SSB and decoding the MIB. Therefore, compared to beam 2, beam 1 can be widened and / or transmitted at a lower power to save overhead and power. Compared with transmitting SSBs with uniform power and beamforming gain, by using SSB beams with different beamforming gains and allocating different powers to the SSB beams, the overall performance can be improved.

[0063] The basic assumption for selecting the SSB with the highest RSRP is that each beam has equal EIRP at the center of its direction because the transmit power and beamforming gain of all SSBs are equal (equal beamwidth). However, when SSB beams are transmitted with different powers and beamforming gains, the above assumption will not hold because the power, beam shape, and width among SSBs may all be different. In NR, there is no signaling to distinguish the power and beamforming gain between different SSBs in an SS burst. Therefore, using traditional methods, selecting the SSB based only on RSRP is not always optimal.

[0064] When using environment-aware SSB optimization, the problem of unbalanced beamforming gain and power allocation may be more prominent. For example, Figure 6 shows BS 700, many possible UE locations (as points), and building 702 within the coverage area of the BS. If the BS and UE are located Figure 6 within the coverage area of the BS shown, the possible beam directions are shown at 704. It can be seen that the location of building 702 makes the beam directions in various azimuth and elevation angle combinations meaningless. This area is represented by the wide white area 706 in the azimuth direction between 200 degrees and 320 degrees and the elevation angle direction between -15 degrees and -80 degrees. The environment-aware SSB beam design algorithm will avoid transmitting SSBs in the white area 706. In Figure 7 shows an example of a possible recommended SSB beam direction for this case, which shows 10 SSB beams 800, …, 818. In Figure 7 example, it can be seen that the designed beams have different shapes and widths in the azimuth and elevation directions, cover an unbalanced solid angle, and although most cover the azimuth direction or range (azimuth scanning), there is a certain degree of coverage in the elevation (elevation scanning). In this scenario, the EIRP imbalance between beams may be more severe than in the case of a beam set with conventional 2D scanning (such as the beams shown in Figure 5 ).

[0065] This difference between the beamforming gain and transmit power may affect the SSB selection behavior of UEs located in the coverage overlap of different SSBs or the SSB selection behavior of UEs receiving multiple SSBs from different directions through different reflectors. In this case, selecting the SSB with the best RSRP may result in selecting a beam with a higher overall PL (caused by unequal EIRP between beams).

[0066] After initial access, the UE can use the SSB beam as a reference signal to estimate the PL for UL power control. However, after initial access, as the UE moves within the coverage area of the cell, the UE moves into the coverage areas of different SSB beams and should perform UL power control using different SSBs as its PL reference. When changing the PL reference from one SSB to another, the difference between the beamforming gain and the transmission power causes a sudden jump in the evaluated PL.

[0067] In addition, in some scenarios, the SSBs are sent from different nodes (e.g., micro BSs and macro BSs) in the same network, which operate with the same bandwidth and different power budgets under the protection of the same cell. In this case, power imbalance is inevitable.

[0068] Reference Figure 1 , as an illustrative example but not limiting, provides a simplified schematic diagram of a communication system. The communication system 100 includes a radio access network 120. The radio access network 120 can be a next-generation (e.g., sixth generation (6G) or later) radio access network or a traditional (e.g., 5G, 4G, 3G, or 2G) radio access network. One or more communication electric devices (EDs) 110a to 120j (generally referred to as 110) can be interconnected with each other or connected to one or more network nodes (170a, 170b, generally referred to as 170) in the radio access network 120. The core network 130 can be part of the communication system and can depend on or be independent of the radio access technology used in the communication system 100. In addition, the communication system 100 includes a public switched telephone network (PSTN) 140, the Internet 150, and other networks 160.

[0069] Figure 2An exemplary communication system 100 is shown. Generally, the communication system 100 enables multiple wireless or wired elements to transmit data and other content. The purpose of the communication system 100 may be to provide content such as voice, data, video, and / or text through broadcast, multicast, and unicast, etc. The communication system 100 may operate by sharing resources (such as carrier spectrum bandwidth) among its components. The communication system 100 may include a terrestrial communication system and / or a non-terrestrial communication system. The communication system 100 may provide a wide range of communication services and applications (such as earth monitoring, remote sensing, passive sensing and positioning, navigation and tracking, autonomous delivery and mobility, etc.). The communication system 100 may provide a high degree of availability and robustness through the joint operation of the terrestrial communication system and the non-terrestrial communication system. For example, integrating a non-terrestrial communication system (or its components) into a terrestrial communication system can achieve a heterogeneous network including multiple layers. Compared with traditional communication networks, the heterogeneous network can obtain better overall performance through efficient multi-link joint operation, more flexible function sharing, and faster physical layer link switching between the terrestrial network and the non-terrestrial network.

[0070] The terrestrial communication system and the non-terrestrial communication system can be regarded as subsystems of the communication system. In the example shown, the communication system 100 includes electronic devices (ED) 110a to 110d (generally referred to as ED 110), radio access networks (RAN) 120a and 120b, a non-terrestrial communication network 120c, a core network 130, a public switched telephone network (PSTN) 140, the Internet 150, and other networks 160. RAN 120a and 120b include corresponding base stations (BS) 170a and 170b, which can generally be referred to as terrestrial transmit and receive points (T-TRP) 170a and 170b. The non-terrestrial communication network 120c includes an access node 120c, which can generally be referred to as a non-terrestrial transmit and receive point (NT-TRP) 172.

[0071] Any ED 110 can alternatively or additionally be used to connect to, access, or communicate with any other T-TRP 170a and 170b, NT-TRP 172, Internet 150, core network 130, PSTN 140, other network 160, or any combination thereof. In some examples, ED 110a can perform uplink and / or downlink transmissions with T-TRP 170a through interface 190a. In some examples, ED 110a, 110b, and 110d can also communicate directly with each other through one or more sidelink air interfaces 190b. In some examples, ED 110d can perform uplink and / or downlink transmissions with NT-TRP 172 through interface 190c.

[0072] The air interfaces 190a and 190b can use similar communication technologies, such as any suitable radio access technology. For example, the communication system 100 can implement one or more channel access methods in the air interfaces 190a and 190b, such as code division multiple access (CDMA), time division multiple access (TDMA), frequency division multiple access (FDMA), orthogonal FDMA (OFDMA), or single-carrier FDMA (SC-FDMA). The air interfaces 190a and 190b can utilize other high-dimensional signal spaces, which can involve combinations of orthogonal and / or non-orthogonal dimensions.

[0073] The air interface 190c can implement communication between ED 110d and one or more NT-TRP 172 through a wireless link or a simple link. For some examples, the link is a dedicated connection for unicast transmission, a connection for broadcast transmission, or a connection for multicast transmission between a group of EDs and one or more NT-TRP.

[0074] RANs 120a and 120b communicate with the core network 130 to provide various services to the EDs 110a, 110b, and 110c, such as voice, data, and other services. The RANs 120a and 120b and / or the core network 130 may communicate directly or indirectly with one or more other RANs (not shown), which may or may not be directly served by the core network 130 and may or may not employ the same radio access technology as the RAN 120a, the RAN 120b, or both. The core network 130 may also serve as a gateway access between (i) the RANs 120a and 120b or the EDs 110a, 110b, and 110c or both and (ii) other networks such as the PSTN 140, the Internet 150, and other networks 160. In addition, some or all of the EDs 110a, 110b, and 110c may include the functionality to communicate with different wireless networks over different wireless links using different wireless technologies and / or protocols. Instead of (or in addition to) wireless communication, the EDs 110a, 110b, and 110c may also communicate with a service provider or a switch (not shown) and with the Internet 150 via a wired communication channel. The PSTN 140 may include a circuit-switched telephone network for providing plain old telephone service (POTS). The Internet 150 may include a network of computers and / or subnets (intranets) and incorporates protocols such as the internet protocol (IP), the transmission control protocol (TCP), and the user datagram protocol (UDP). The EDs 110a, 110b, and 110c may be multimode devices capable of operating according to multiple radio access technologies and may include multiple transceivers required to support these operations.

[0075] Figure 3Another example of the ED 110 and base stations 170a, 170b, and / or 170c is shown. The ED 110 is used to connect people, objects, machines, etc. The ED 110 can be widely used in various scenarios, such as cellular communication, device-to-device (D2D), vehicle to everything (V2X), peer-to-peer (P2P), machine-to-machine (M2M), machine-type communication (MTC), internet of things (IOT), virtual reality (VR), augmented reality (AR), industrial control, autonomous driving, telemedicine, smart grid, smart furniture, smart office, smart wearable devices, smart transportation, smart city, drones, robots, remote sensing, passive sensing, positioning, navigation and tracking, autonomous delivery and mobility, etc.

[0076] Each ED 110 represents any suitable end-user device for wireless operation and can include the following devices, for example (or can be referred to as) user equipment / device (UE), wireless transmit / receive unit (WTRU), mobile station, fixed or mobile subscriber unit, cellular phone, station (STA), machine type communication (MTC) device, personal digital assistant (PDA), smartphone, laptop computer, computer, tablet, wireless sensor, consumer electronic device, smart book, vehicle, car, truck, bus, train, or IoT device, industrial device, or a device (such as a communication module, modem, or chip) in the above devices, etc. The next-generation ED 110 may be referred to using other terms. Base stations 170a and 170b are T-TRPs and are hereinafter referred to as T-TRP 170. Similarly shown in Figure 3 it, the NT-TRP will be hereinafter referred to as NT-TRP 172. Each ED 110 connected to the T-TRP 170 and / or NT-TRP 172 can be dynamically or semi-statically turned on (i.e., established, activated, or enabled), turned off (i.e., released, deactivated, or disabled), and / or configured in response to one or more of connection availability and connection necessity.

[0077] ED 110 includes a transmitter 201 and a receiver 203 coupled to one or more antennas 204. Only one antenna 204 is shown in the figure. One, some, or all of the antennas may also be panels. The transmitter 201 and the receiver 203 may be integrated as, for example, a transceiver. The transceiver is used to modulate data or other content for transmission by at least one antenna 204 or a network interface controller (NIC). The transceiver is also used to demodulate data or other content received by at least one antenna 204. Each transceiver includes any suitable structure for generating signals for wireless or wired transmission and / or for processing signals received wirelessly or wiredly. Each antenna 204 includes any suitable structure for transmitting and / or receiving wireless or wired signals.

[0078] ED 110 includes at least one memory 208. The memory 208 stores instructions and data used, generated, or collected by ED 110. For example, the memory 208 may store software instructions or modules for implementing some or all of the functions and / or embodiments described herein and executed by one or more processing units 210. Each memory 208 includes any suitable one or more volatile and / or non-volatile storage and one or more retrieval devices. Any suitable type of memory may be used, such as random access memory (RAM), read only memory (ROM), hard disk, optical disk, subscriber identity module (SIM) card, memory stick, secure digital (SD) memory card, on-processor cache, etc.

[0079] ED 110 may also include one or more input / output devices (not shown) or interfaces (e.g., a wired interface connected to Figure 1 the Internet 150 therein). The input / output devices may interact with users or other devices in the network. Each input / output device includes any suitable structure for providing information to or receiving information from a user, such as a speaker, microphone, keypad, keyboard, display, or touch screen, including network interface communication.

[0080] The ED 110 also includes a processor 210 for performing operations, including operations related to preparing a transmission for uplink transmission to the NT-TRP 172 and / or the T-TRP 170, operations related to processing a downlink transmission received from the NT-TRP 172 and / or the T-TRP 170, and operations related to processing sidelink transmissions with another ED 110. The processing operations related to preparing a transmission for uplink transmission may include operations such as encoding, modulation, transmit beamforming, and generating symbols for transmission. The processing operations related to processing a downlink transmission may include operations such as receive beamforming, demodulating, and decoding received symbols. According to an embodiment, the downlink transmission may be received by the receiver 203 possibly using receive beamforming, and the processor 210 may extract signaling from the downlink transmission (e.g., by detecting and / or decoding the signaling). Examples of signaling may be reference signals sent by the NT-TRP 172 and / or the T-TRP 170. In some embodiments, the processor 276 implements transmit beamforming and / or receive beamforming based on an indication of a beam direction received from the T-TRP 170, such as beam angle information (BAI). In some embodiments, the processor 210 may perform operations related to network access (e.g., initial access) and / or downlink synchronization, such as operations related to detecting a synchronization sequence, decoding, and acquiring system information. In some embodiments, the processor 210 may perform channel estimation, e.g., using reference signals received from the NT-TRP 172 and / or the T-TRP 170.

[0081] Although not shown, the processor 210 may form part of the transmitter 201 and / or the receiver 203. Although not shown, the memory 208 may form part of the processor 210.

[0082] Each of the processor 210 and the processing components of the transmitter 201 and the receiver 203 may be implemented by the same or different one or more processors for executing instructions stored in the memory (e.g., in the memory 208). Alternatively, some or all of the processor 210 and the processing components of the transmitter 201 and the receiver 203 may be implemented using dedicated circuitry, such as a programmed field-programmable gate array (FPGA), a graphical processing unit (GPU), or an application-specific integrated circuit (ASIC).

[0083] In some implementations, the T-TRP 170 may use other names, such as base station, base transceiver station (BTS), radio base station, network node, network device, network side device, transmit / receive node, Node B, evolved Node B (eNodeB or eNB), home eNodeB, next Generation NodeB (gNB), transmission point (TP), site controller, access point (AP) or wireless router, relay station, remote radio head, terrestrial node, terrestrial network device or terrestrial base station, base band unit (BBU), remote radio unit (RRU), active antenna unit (AAU), remote radio head (RRH), central unit (CU), distribute unit (DU), positioning node, etc. The T-TRP 170 may be a macro BS, micro BS, relay node, host node, etc., or a combination thereof. The T-TRP 170 may refer to the above devices, or to the devices (such as communication modules, modems or chips) in the above devices.

[0084] In some embodiments, the various parts of the T-TRP 170 may be distributed. For example, some modules of the T-TRP 170 may be located at positions away from the device housing the antenna of the T-TRP 170, and may be coupled to the device housing the antenna through a communication link (not shown) (sometimes referred to as fronthaul, such as common public radio interface (CPRI)). Thus, in some embodiments, the term T-TRP 170 may also refer to the modules on the network side that perform processing operations such as ED 110 position determination, resource allocation (scheduling), message generation and encoding / decoding, etc., and these modules are not necessarily part of the device housing the antenna of the T-TRP 170. These modules may also be coupled to other T-TRPs. In some embodiments, the T-TRP 170 may actually be multiple T-TRPs that operate together to serve the ED 110, for example, through coordinated multi-point transmission.

[0085] The T-TRP 170 includes at least one transmitter 252 and at least one receiver 254 coupled to one or more antennas 256. Only one antenna 256 is shown in the figure. One, some, or all of the antennas may also be panels. The transmitter 252 and the receiver 254 may be integrated into a transceiver. The T-TRP 170 further includes a processor 260 for performing operations including operations related to: preparing a transmission for downlink transmission to the ED 110, processing an uplink transmission received from the ED 110, preparing a transmission for backhaul transmission to the NT-TRP 172, and processing a transmission received via the backhaul from the NT-TRP 172. The processing operations related to preparing for downlink transmission or backhaul transmission may include operations such as encoding, modulation, precoding (e.g., MIMO precoding), transmit beamforming, and generating symbols for transmission. The processing operations related to processing an uplink transmission or a transmission received via the backhaul may include operations such as receive beamforming, demodulating, and decoding received symbols. The processor 260 may also perform operations related to network access (e.g., initial access) and / or downlink synchronization, such as generating the content of a synchronization signal block (SSB), generating system information, etc. In some embodiments, the processor 260 also generates an indication of a beam direction (e.g., BAI), and the indication of the beam direction may be scheduled by the scheduler 253 for transmission. The processor 260 performs other network-side processing operations described herein, such as determining the location of the ED 110, determining the location of the deployed NT-TRP 172, etc. In some embodiments, the processor 260 may generate signaling, such as configuring one or more parameters of the ED 110 and / or one or more parameters of the NT-TRP 172. Any signaling generated by the processor 260 is transmitted by the transmitter 252. It should be noted that the "signaling" used herein may also be referred to as control signaling. Dynamic signaling may be transmitted on a control channel (e.g., physical downlink control channel (PDCCH)), and static or semi-static high-layer signaling may be included in a packet transmitted on a data channel (e.g., physical downlink shared channel (PDSCH)).

[0086] The scheduler 253 can be coupled to the processor 260. The scheduler 253 can be included in or operate separately from the T-TRP 170, which can schedule uplink transmissions, downlink transmissions, and / or backhaul transmissions, including issuing scheduling grants and / or configuring grant-free (“configured grant”) resources. The T-TRP 170 also includes a memory 258 for storing information and data. The memory 258 stores instructions and data used, generated, or collected by the T-TRP 170. For example, the memory 258 can store software instructions or modules for implementing some or all of the functions and / or embodiments described herein and executed by one or more processors 260.

[0087] Although not shown, the processor 260 can form part of the transmitter 252 and / or the receiver 254. Additionally, although not shown, the processor 260 can implement the scheduler 253. Although not shown, the memory 258 can form part of the processor 260.

[0088] The processing components of the processor 260, the scheduler 253, and the transmitter 252 and the receiver 254 can each be implemented by the same or different one or more processors for executing instructions stored in a memory (e.g., the memory 258). Alternatively, some or all of the processing components of the processor 260, the scheduler 253, and the transmitter 252 and the receiver 254 can be implemented using dedicated circuitry (e.g., FPGA, GPU, or ASIC).

[0089] Although NT-TRP 172 is shown only as an example as a drone, NT-TRP 172 can be implemented in any suitable non-ground form. Additionally, in some implementations, NT-TRP 172 can use other names, such as non-ground node, non-ground network device, or non-ground base station. NT-TRP 172 includes a transmitter 272 and a receiver 274 coupled to one or more antennas 280. Only one antenna 280 is shown. One, some, or all of the antennas can also be panels. The transmitter 272 and the receiver 274 can be integrated as a transceiver. NT-TRP 172 also includes a processor 276 for performing operations including operations related to: preparing a transmission for downlink transmission to ED 110, processing an uplink transmission received from ED 110, preparing a transmission for backhaul transmission to T-TRP 170, and processing a transmission received from T-TRP 170 via the backhaul. The processing operations related to preparing for downlink transmission or backhaul transmission can include operations such as encoding, modulation, precoding (e.g., MIMO precoding), transmit beamforming, and generating symbols for transmission. The processing operations related to processing an uplink transmission or a transmission received via the backhaul can include operations such as receive beamforming, demodulating, and decoding received symbols. In some embodiments, the processor 276 implements transmit beamforming and / or receive beamforming based on beam direction information (e.g., BAI) received from T-TRP 170. In some embodiments, the processor 276 can generate signaling, such as configuring one or more parameters of ED 110. In some embodiments, NT-TRP 172 implements physical layer processing but does not implement higher layer functions, such as functions of the medium access control (MAC) or radio link control (RLC) layer. Since this is only an example, more generally, NT-TRP 172 can also implement higher layer functions in addition to physical layer processing.

[0090] NT-TRP 172 also includes a memory 278 for storing information and data. Although not shown, the processor 276 can form part of the transmitter 272 and / or the receiver 274. Although not shown, the memory 278 can form part of the processor 276.

[0091] The processing components of the processor 276, as well as the transmitter 272 and the receiver 274, can each be implemented by the same or different one or more processors, which are used to execute instructions stored in a memory (e.g., memory 278). Alternatively, some or all of the processing components of the processor 276, as well as the transmitter 272 and the receiver 274, can be implemented using dedicated circuitry (e.g., FPGA, GPU, or ASIC). In some embodiments, the NT-TRP 172 can actually be multiple NT-TRPs that operate together to serve the ED 110, for example, through services such as coordinated multi-point transmission.

[0092] The T-TRP 170, NT-TRP 172, and / or ED 110 may include other components, but for clarity, these components are omitted.

[0093] According to Figure 4 , one or more steps of the methods of the various embodiments provided herein can be performed by corresponding units or modules. Figure 4 Units or modules in a device are shown, for example, in the ED 110, in the T-TRP 170, or in the NT-TRP 172. For example, a signal can be sent by a transmitting unit or transmitting module. For example, a signal can be sent by a transmitting unit or transmitting module. A signal can be received by a receiving unit or receiving module. A signal can be processed by a processing unit or processing module. Other steps can be performed by an artificial intelligence (AI) or machine learning (ML) module. The corresponding units or modules can be implemented using hardware, one or more components or devices that execute software, or a combination thereof. For example, one or more of the units or modules can be an integrated circuit, such as a programmed FPGA, GPU, or ASIC. It should be understood that if the above modules are implemented using software for a processor or the like to execute, then these modules can be retrieved in whole or in part by the processor as needed, retrieved individually or collectively for processing, retrieved in one or more instances as needed, and these modules themselves can include instructions for further deployment and instantiation.

[0094] Other details regarding the ED 110, T-TRP 170, and NT-TRP 172 are known to those skilled in the art. Therefore, these details are omitted here.

[0095] According to embodiments of the present application, signaling is used to indicate to a UE the transmission power and / or beamforming information of each of one or more SSB beams. For example, the beamforming information may indicate a beamforming offset specific to the SSB beam, also referred to herein as a power control offset. Alternatively, the signaling may indicate a value that combines the transmission power and the power control offset of each SSB beam among one or more SSB beams. Then, the information signaled can be used by the UE to select the best SSB and achieve more efficient UL power control. For example, now that the UE has a beamforming gain offset or EIRP offset specific to the SSB beam, the UE can calculate the correct PL and select the SSB that provides the minimum PL. Alternatively or additionally, the information signaled can be used for uplink power control to obtain the PL to be used in the power control formula.

[0096] Embodiments will be described in detail below in which each indicated SSB power and / or power control offset is specific to a single SSB. Other embodiments are described in which each indicated SSB power and / or power control offset is specific to an SSB group, in which case each SSB in the SSB group has the indicated SSB power and power control offset. More generally, for any of the embodiments described herein, the indicated SSB power and / or power control offset can be set-specific, specific to an SSB set, where each SSB set includes one or more SSBs. In this case, each SSB in the set has the indicated set-specific power and / or power control bias, and more generally has the indicated SSB set-specific information. In some embodiments, each SSB set includes only one SSB, in which case the set-specific embodiment relates to the embodiment in which each indicated SSB power and / or power control offset (more generally, SSB set-specific information) is specific to a single SSB. In some embodiments, each SSB set includes at least two SSBs, in which case the set-specific embodiment relates to a group-specific embodiment, in which each indicated SSB power and / or power control offset (more generally, SSB set-specific information) is specific to an SSB group. Finally, in some embodiments, one or more SSB sets each include a single SSB, and one or more other SSB sets each include at least two SSBs.

[0097] Reference will now be made to Figure 8 and Figure 9 flowcharts depicting two general methods. It should be understood that these methods can be implemented in conjunction with any specific details included below. Now refer to Figure 8, which shows a flowchart of a method for a network device to send SSB set specific information by a signal. The method starts at block 900 with the network device sending a signaling that includes, for each SSB set in at least one synchronization sequence block (SSB) set, SSB set specific information for the corresponding beam set used to send the SSB set. The SSB set specific information includes one or more of the following:

[0098] An indication of SSB set specific SSB power;

[0099] An indication of SSB set specific beamforming offset; or

[0100] An indication of a combination of SSB set specific SSB power and beamforming offset;

[0101] The method continues at block 902, where for each SSB set in at least one SSB set, the SSB set is sent on the corresponding beam set. For each SSB set, the SSB set includes at least one SSB, and the corresponding beam set includes the corresponding beam for each SSB in the SSB set.

[0102] Now refer to Figure 9 , which shows a flowchart of a method for a device such as a UE to send SSB set specific information by a signal. The method starts at block 1000 with the device receiving a signaling that includes, for each SSB set in at least one synchronization sequence block (SSB) set, SSB set specific information for the corresponding beam set used to send the SSB set. The SSB set specific information includes one or more of the following:

[0103] An indication of SSB set specific SSB power;

[0104] An indication of SSB set specific beamforming offset; or

[0105] An indication of a combination of SSB set specific SSB power and beamforming offset;

[0106] The method continues at block 1002, where for each SSB set in at least one SSB set, the SSB set is received on the corresponding beam set. For each SSB set, the SSB set includes at least one SSB, and the corresponding beam set includes the corresponding beam for each SSB in the SSB set.

[0107] With the new signaling, the UE can learn about any mismatches between SSBs in terms of power and beamforming. This information can be obtained during initial access for beam selection and power control for initial access signaling (e.g., RACH communication and other uplink channels), or for power control and non-initial access via other signaling.

[0108] The information related to SSB power can be relative or absolute. This information can be sent as part of the SIB or using RRC signaling. Detailed examples are provided below.

[0109] In some embodiments, to transmit the SSB-specific power, signaling indicating the absolute power is used. For example, the information element (IE) value ss-PBCH-specific-BlockPower can be used. In this case, the indication of the SSB absolute power is signaled to the UE. This value replaces any value signaled via the IE ss-PBCH-BlockPower. The UE uses this value to obtain the path loss (PL) for each SSB, which is then used to select the best beam in terms of PL, and / or to obtain the PL to be used in UL power control.

[0110] Alternatively, in some embodiments, to transmit the SSB-specific power, the indication of the SSB power relative to a baseline value is used. For example, the relative IE value ss-PBCH-specific-BlockPower-offset can be used. In this case, the value signaled to the UE indicates the SSB-specific power relative to the baseline value, e.g., as signaled via ss-PBCH-BlockPower. In this case, the SSB-specific power is ss-PBCH-specific-BlockPower-offset + ss-PBCH-BlockPower. Again, the UE uses this value to obtain the PL for each SSB, which is then used to select the best beam in terms of PL, and / or to obtain the PL to be used in UL power control.

[0111] In some embodiments, to transmit the SSB-specific beamforming offset, signaling indicating the absolute beamforming offset is used. For example, the absolute IE value ss-PBCH-specific-additional-powercontrol-offset can be signaled to the UE to transmit the SSB absolute beamforming offset. This value replaces any value signaled via powerControlOffsetSS for uplink power control. In addition, the UE considers this value to update its PL estimation for different SSBs for SSB selection.

[0112] In some embodiments, to transmit the beamforming offset specific to the SSB, signaling of an indication of the beamforming offset relative to a baseline value is used. For example, the relative IE value ss-PBCH-specific-additional-powercontrol-offset may be signaled to the UE to transmit the SSB beamforming offset relative to the baseline powerControlOffsetSS. In this case, the path loss offset for uplink power control may be determined according to ss-PBCH-specific-additional-powercontrol-offset + powerControlOffsetSS. Similar to the above case, the UE considers this value to update its PL estimation for different SSBs for SSB selection.

[0113] In some embodiments, the signaling is used to transmit an indication of a combination of the SSB power of the corresponding beam for transmitting the SSB and the beamformer power control offset of the corresponding beam.

[0114] For example, in some embodiments, the BS signals an indication of the absolute value of such a combination of values. For example, ss-PBCH-specific-effective-BlockPower may be signaled, which is an alternative to ss-PBCH-specific-Block-Power-offset and ss-PBCH-specific-additional-powercontrol-offset, essentially combining these two values into one.

[0115] For example, in some embodiments, the BS signals an indication of the combined value relative to the baseline value for the combination. For example, ss-PBCH-specific-effective-BlockPower-offset may be signaled, which is an alternative to ss-PBCH-specific-BlockPower-offset and ss-PBCH-specific-Block-Power-extra-offset, essentially combining these two values into one.

[0116] In some embodiments, signaling is transmitted during initial access. Two examples include using the MIB / SIB and using signaling for RRC connection. For initial access, the UE searches for periodically transmitted SSBs to identify the cell and thus synchronize with the BS in the time domain and frequency domain. The UE decodes the content of the primary broadcast channel (PBCH) (i.e., the MIB) and also decodes the SIBs including SIB1 to obtain necessary information, such as how to perform RACH Msg1 transmission to access the cell. A part of this information is related to the common configuration of the cell and is referred to as ServingCellConfigCommonSIB. The information transmitted in this message is ss-PBCH-BlockPower, which is used in combination with powerControlOffsetSS to determine the path loss for uplink power control. This information is common to all SSBs. In this embodiment, one or more SSB-specific powers and / or beamforming offsets are transmitted to the UE using signaling.

[0117] In the detailed example below, it is assumed that the signaling transmits an indication of the absolute value of the combination of the SSB power and the beamforming offset for a given SSB. However, similar signaling can be used to transmit an indication of the relative value of the combination, or similar signaling can be used to transmit the two values of the SSB power and the beamforming offset, or the relative SSB power and the relative beamforming offset.

[0118] In one embodiment, a specific value of the SSB-specific power value for a particular SSB is sent, such as this-ss-PBCH-effective-BlockPower. This value can be an integer, for example having the same range as ss-PBCH-BlockPower (–60 to +50), and if sent to the UE, replaces the value in ServingCellConfigCommonSIB. Alternatively, this value can be selected from a table including real-valued power levels. This new value can be part of SIB1 as an optional field. In some embodiments, through the quasi-co-location (QCL) correspondence between the beam used to send SIB1 and the particular SSB, the value signaled in SIB1 is implicitly associated with the particular SSB. More specifically, if the beam used to send SIB1 has a QCL correspondence with the particular SSB, the SSB-specific value is only associated with the corresponding SSB. If such a field exists in SIB1 associated with any SSB, this particular SSB takes precedence over the value common to all of the above SSBs. Alternatively, this field can be sent in other SIBS. The UE can use this information in various use cases, which can include any one or all of the following: SSB selection, RACH transmission timing selection, RACH power control, PUCCH and PUSCH power control, and beamforming and refinement on the UE side.

[0119] More generally, this information can be sent on any subfield of SIB1 or any other SSB-specific SIB information field. However, the later the UE receives this information, the later the UE can use this information. For example, if the UE receives this information after RACH transmission, this information cannot be used for RACH timing selection and power control.

[0120] In another embodiment, a set of specific values for different SSBs is sent, such as as part of ServingCellConfigCommonSIB. Some alternatives are described below.

[0121] In a first alternative, an array of SIB-power is sent, such as ss-PBCH-effective-BlockPower-array, which is an array of size 64 (in the case of 64 SSBs). Each element of the array can be an integer having the same range as ss-PBCH-BlockPower. The UE associates each value in the array with the corresponding SSB in the burst. Alternatively, each element can be selected from a table including real-valued power levels.

[0122] In a second alternative, an array indicating the respective SIB power of each SS burst group, where the SS burst group is a subset of up to 64 possible SSBs, is sent. For example, an array ss-PBCH-effective-BlockPower-burstgroup-array can be sent, which is an array of size 8 (similar to the array defined for ssb-PositionsInBurst, and more generally, its size is large enough for the number of burst groups). Similarly, each element can be an integer with the same range as ss-PBCH-BlockPower. In this case, all SSBs in a given SS burst use the corresponding value in the array. In other words, all SSBs in the first burst group use the first entry in the array, all SSBs in the second burst group use the second entry in the array, and so on. Alternatively, each element can be selected from a table including real-valued power levels.

[0123] In another alternative, an array indicating the respective SIB power of each SSB within an SS burst group is sent. In this case, the first SSB in any SS burst uses the first value in the array, the second SSB in any burst uses the second value, and so on. In a specific example, an array ss-PBCH-effective-BlockPower-burstlocation-array including these values is sent.

[0124] In a third alternative, an array identifying sets of SSBs with different powers is sent. The value of ss-PBCH-effective-BlockPower-subset is sent, which is an integer with the same range as ss-PBCH-BlockPower. Alternatively, this value can be selected from a table including real-valued power levels. This is associated with a list in the array that identifies the SSBs in the burst with a special effective power (SSindex-for-block-power), such as ss-PBCH-effective-BlockPower-subset. For a given SSB with an SSB index, if the SSB index is included in the list, the UE adopts the special effective power, and if the SSB index is not in the list, the default value is used. The SSB list indicates one or more of the SSBs.

[0125] It should be noted that for any of the above alternatives, the same information can be sent in a later SIB. However, again, the later the UE receives the signaling, the later the UE can use the signaling for beam selection and power control.

[0126] Note that for any of the above-described alternatives, instead of using absolute values, an offset compared to a known base value can be sent. Using this method, the range of integers can be greatly reduced, for example, reduced to (–7 to 0) or (–4 to +3).

[0127] Alternatively, this signaling can be performed as part of the RRC connection procedure, for example, in Msg2, Msg4, or MsgB during the RACH procedure. In this case, the information signaled cannot be used for the RACH signaling itself, but can be used for any future beam selection or PL estimation.

[0128] Through the above signaling mechanism, the UE is still aware of any mismatches of the SSB in terms of its allocated power and / or EIRP. In particular, in the above embodiment of transmitting a specific value of the SSB-specific power value of a specific SSB, the overhead is limited to one or two additional integers / extra values included as an option in the SIB message. Through this signaling, the UE uses the correct values for SSB beamforming and uplink power control, ensuring a smooth transition between different beams of the SSB.

[0129] In some embodiments, after initial access is completed, the per-SSB power is notified to the UE, for example, via RRC signaling. For example, after initial access, the UE receives ServingCellConfigCommon using RRC signaling indicating that the user needs to know information about the secondary cell. The content of this message is similar to the SIB version of ServingCellConfigCommon but with more details. According to 38.331, "The IE includes parameters that the UE typically obtains from the SSB, MIB, or SIB when accessing the cell from the IDLE state. Using this IE, when configuring the SCell or an additional cell group (SCG) for the UE, the network provides this information in dedicated signaling. When reconfiguring synchronization, the network also provides this information for the SPCell (MCG and SCG)." (See 38.331 Radio Resource Control (RRC) Protocol Specification v17.2.0). In this case, the UE can know the per-SSB power of the SCell and the cell group before attempting to connect to the SCell and the cell group. The content of the new signaling can be similar to the above second and third alternatives but different from the first alternative. In this case, the UE knows its power allocation even before detecting the new SCell.

[0130] Alternatively or additionally, for the SSB sent by an adjacent cell, signaling of the per-SSB power can be sent for adjacent cell measurement. This signaling can be attached to an attached IE, such as SSB-Configuration-r16.

[0131] Similar to the above embodiments of signaling each SSB power during initial access, the new signaling after initial access ensures that the UE is aware of the SSB EIRP mismatch, which can be incorporated into selecting the correct SSB beam and smooth UL power control. The power mismatch between different SSBs may persist for a long time. For example, different powers are assigned to SSBs due to different environmental conditions, and the environmental conditions may be constant for a long time. If the UE remains connected to a cell, the UE only needs to acquire the information once. Similarly, in embodiments of signaling each SSB power on demand as needed (e.g., sending the value of a secondary cell in RRC signaling), the signaling is not frequent and is only performed when requested. Therefore, the overhead of this type of signaling is not high.

[0132] Many modifications and variations of the present invention are possible in light of the above teachings. Thus, it is to be understood that within the scope of the appended claims, the invention may be practiced in a manner different from that specifically described herein.

[0133] For example, the above embodiments focus on multi-beam base stations, but more generally, the same method applies to multi-TRP cells in a wireless system, where power mismatches may occur between different SSBs because the different entry point beams of the system associated with different TRPs of the same cell have different peak transmit powers, different numbers of antennas, and / or different capabilities. More generally, the method applies to any wireless access system that supports transmitting SSBs on SSB beams with different powers (i.e., power allocation). Although the present invention is written in a 3GPP-specific manner, it can be applied to other access systems where beacon beam scanning can be applied, where SSB beams are a specific example of beacon beams.

Claims

1. A method performed in a network device, characterized in that, The method includes: Transmitting a signaling, where the signaling includes, for each set of synchronization sequence blocks (SSBs) in at least one set of SSBs, SSB set-specific information for the corresponding beam set for transmitting the set of SSBs, and the SSB set-specific information includes one or more of the following: An indication of the SSB set-specific SSB power; An indication of the SSB set-specific beamforming offset; or An indication of a combination of the SSB set-specific SSB power and beamforming offset; For each set of SSBs in the at least one set of SSBs, transmitting the set of SSBs on the corresponding beam set; Wherein, for each set of SSBs, the set of SSBs includes at least one SSB, and the corresponding beam set includes the corresponding beam for each SSB in the set of SSBs.

2. The method according to claim 1, wherein Each set of SSBs includes a single SSB.

3. The method according to claim 2, wherein The single SSB is implicitly associated with a specific SSB through a quasi-co-location correspondence.

4. The method according to claim 1, wherein Each set of SSBs includes at least two SSBs.

5. The method according to claim 1, wherein The indication of the SSB set-specific SSB power is an indication of the absolute power.

6. The method according to claim 1, wherein The indication of the SSB set-specific SSB power is an indication of the power relative to a baseline value.

7. The method according to claim 1, wherein The indication of the SSB set-specific SSB beamforming offset is an indication of the absolute power control offset.

8. The method according to claim 1, characterized in that, The indication of the SSB set-specific SSB beamforming offset is an indication of the SSB beamforming offset relative to a baseline value.

9. The method according to claim 1, characterized in that The indication of the combination of the SSB set-specific SSB power and beamforming offset is an absolute indication of the combination.

10. The method according to claim 1, wherein The indication of the combination specific to the set of SSBs is a relative indication of the combination relative to a baseline value of the combination.

11. The method according to any one of the preceding claims, characterized in that, Transmitting the signaling including the SSB set-specific information includes: transmitting the SSB set-specific information as part of a master information block (MIB) or a system information block (SIB).

12. The method according to claim 11, wherein Transmitting the SSB set-specific information as part of a master information block (MIB) or a system information block (SIB) includes: transmitting the SSB set-specific information in ServingCellConfigCommonSIB.

13. The method according to any one of claims 1 to 10, characterized in that, Transmitting the signaling including the SSB set-specific information includes: transmitting the SSB set-specific information as part of RRC connection signaling.

14. The method according to any one of claims 1 to 10, characterized in that, Transmitting the signaling including the SSB set-specific information includes: after initial access is completed, transmitting the SSB set-specific information as part of RRC signaling.

15. The method according to claim 1, wherein The SSB set-specific information includes the corresponding SSB set-specific information for each SS burst group in a plurality of synchronization sequence (SS) burst groups.

16. The method according to claim 1, wherein The SSB set specific information includes corresponding SSB set specific information for each SSB set in a plurality of SSB sets, where each set includes one SSB in each SS burst group among a plurality of synchronization sequence (SS) burst groups.

17. The method according to claim 1, characterized in that, The SSB set specific information includes a set of indexes and SSB set specific information, each index being associated with a corresponding SSB, where the SSB set specific information applies to each SSB having an index included in the set of indexes, and default information applies to each SSB having an index not included in the set of indexes.

18. The method according to claim 1, wherein The SSB set specific information is signaled to a specific SSB as needed.

19. The method according to claim 1, wherein Further includes: Signaling is sent, the signaling including, for each SSB set in at least one SSB set sent by an adjacent cell, SSB set specific information for sending a corresponding beam set of the SSB set.

20. A network device, characterized in that, Includes: A processor and a memory, the network device being configured to perform the method according to any one of claims 1 to 19.

21. A method performed in a device, characterized in that, The method includes: Receiving signaling, the signaling including, for each SSB set in at least one synchronization sequence block (SSB) set, SSB set specific information for sending a corresponding beam set of the SSB set, the SSB set specific information including one or more of the following: An indication of SSB power specific to the SSB set; An indication of beamforming offset specific to the SSB set; or An indication of a combination of SSB power specific to the SSB set and beamforming offset; For each SSB set in the at least one SSB set, receiving the SSB set on the corresponding beam set; Wherein, for each SSB set, the SSB set includes at least one SSB, and the corresponding beam set includes corresponding beams for each SSB in the SSB set.

22. The method according to claim 21, wherein, Each SSB set includes a single SSB.

23. The method according to claim 22, wherein The single SSB is implicitly associated with a specific SSB through a quasi - co - location correspondence.

24. The method according to claim 21, wherein Each SSB set includes at least two SSBs.

25. The method according to claim 21, wherein The indication of SSB power specific to the SSB set is an indication of absolute power.

26. The method according to claim 21, wherein The indication of SSB power specific to the SSB set is an indication of power relative to a baseline value.

27. The method according to claim 21, wherein The indication of SSB beamforming offset specific to the SSB set is an indication of absolute power control offset.

28. The method according to claim 21, wherein The indication of SSB beamforming offset specific to the SSB set is an indication of SSB beamforming offset relative to a baseline value.

29. The method according to claim 21, wherein The indication of the combination of SSB power specific to the SSB set and beamforming offset is an absolute indication of the combination.

30. The method according to claim 21, wherein, The indication of the combination specific to the SSB set is a relative indication of the combination relative to a baseline value of the combination.

31. The method according to any one of claims 21 to 30, characterized in that, The receiving of the signaling including the SSB set specific information includes: receiving the SSB set specific information as part of a master information block (MIB) or a system information block (SIB).

32. The method according to claim 31, wherein Receiving the SSB set specific information as part of a master information block (MIB) or a system information block (SIB) includes: receiving the SSB set specific information in ServingCellConfigCommonSIB.

33. The method according to any one of claims 21 to 30, characterized in that, The receiving of the signaling including the SSB set specific information includes: receiving the SSB set specific information as part of RRC connection signaling.

34. The method according to any one of claims 21 to 30, characterized in that, The receiving of the signaling including the SSB set specific information includes: after completing initial access, receiving the SSB set specific information as part of RRC signaling.

35. The method according to claim 21, wherein The SSB set specific information includes the corresponding SSB set specific information for each SS burst group in a plurality of synchronization sequence (SS) burst groups.

36. The method according to claim 21, wherein, The SSB set specific information includes the corresponding SSB set specific information for each SSB set in a plurality of SSB sets, where each set includes one SSB in each SS burst group of a plurality of synchronization sequence (SS) burst groups.

37. The method according to claim 21, wherein The SSB set specific information includes a set of indexes and SSB set specific information, each index being associated with a corresponding SSB, where the SSB set specific information applies to each SSB having an index included in the set of indexes, and default information applies to each SSB having an index not included in the set of indexes.

38. The method according to claim 21, wherein The SSB set specific information is signaled to a specific SSB as needed.

39. The method according to claim 21, wherein, Further includes: Receiving signaling that includes, for each SSB set in at least one SSB set transmitted by an adjacent cell, the SSB set specific information for the corresponding beam set for transmitting the SSB set.

40. The method according to any one of claims 21 to 39, characterized in that, Further includes using the SSB set specific information for at least one of the following: SSB selection; Random access channel (RACH) transmission occasion selection; RACH power control; PUCCH power control; PUSCH power control; or Beamforming and refinement at the UE.

41. A device, characterized in that, Includes: A processor and a memory, the apparatus being configured to perform the method according to any one of claims 1 to 19.

42. A computer-readable medium, characterized in that, Computer-executable instructions are stored on the computer-readable medium, the computer-executable instructions being configured to cause the processor to perform the method according to any one of claims 1 to 19 or 21 to 40.

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