Chinese chestnut shell removing and opening all-in-one machine and using method thereof

Abstract

The invention discloses a castanea mollissima shell removing and opening all-in-one machine and a use method thereof, and relates to the technical field of agricultural product processing, and the castanea mollissima shell removing and opening all-in-one machine comprises a shell removing device and an opening device, the Chinese chestnuts are dried through the conveying and drying assembly, the threshing rate is improved, the integrity of the Chinese chestnuts can be guaranteed to a greater extent while Chinese chestnut cattails are crushed through the cattail threshing rollers, the two rotating rollers rotate relatively at a certain differential speed, the Chinese chestnuts without cattails are ground and threshed, and the threshing efficiency is improved. After the chestnut thorn shells are crushed and separated from the chestnuts and the chestnut thorn shells leave the shell removing box, the chestnut thorn shells and the chestnut thorn shells are separated in the air under the action of wind blown out by the air blower due to different masses, the chestnut thorn shells fall into the thorn shell collecting box, and large and small chestnuts are selected through vibration of the grading screening assembly, so that the screening efficiency is improved; and the sorted Chinese chestnuts are quickly positioned and conveyed through the Chinese chestnut conveying assembly in the opening device, and are quickly opened through the opening assembly, so that the labor is greatly saved, and the working efficiency is improved.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present invention relates to the technical field of agricultural product processing, and particularly relates to a chestnut dehulling and opening integrated machine and a using method thereof. Background Art

[0002] Chestnut, which originated in China and is currently also widely distributed in Vietnam and China, has the scientific name Castanea mollissima and is commonly known as chestnut and wind wax. It belongs to the genus Castanea of the Fagaceae family. The growth range of chestnut spans from areas with an altitude of 370 meters to 2800 meters, mainly distributed in mountainous areas, and has now been widely cultivated artificially. There are various chestnut products in China, such as sugar-fried chestnuts, chestnut powder, chestnut cans and other chestnut products. Chestnuts are rich in various trace elements and vitamins beneficial to the human body, and have a positive effect on improving body immunity, promoting metabolism, etc. With the increasing pursuit of the nutritional and health care functions of food by people, chestnut, as a food rich in nutrition and with diverse functions, its market demand is also increasing continuously. In the future, chestnuts will play a more important role in the field of food processing and become an important part of a healthy diet.

[0003] Before the chestnut dehulling technology was mature, people carried out the chestnut dehulling work manually, and were easily pricked by thorns accidentally. This traditional manual dehulling method has low efficiency, and if the harvested chestnuts are not taken out of the thorn shell in time, long-term storage will cause mildew and water loss. This process is time-consuming and laborious. Some large-scale farmers, due to insufficient manpower, cannot peel the thorn shell in time, resulting in chestnuts not being able to be put on the market in time, and even causing some chestnuts to rot and deteriorate, resulting in relatively large economic losses.

[0004] Moreover, after dehulling, the chestnuts need to be opened. As the first process in the deep processing of chestnuts, the quality of chestnut opening has a great impact on the production of chestnut products. Although the mechanization degree of chestnut deep processing in China is increasing continuously, the research on chestnut processing technology still stays in the initial stage. The mechanization degree of chestnut opening in China is low, and the manual opening working method is still adopted, with low production efficiency, high labor cost, and the quality of chestnut opening cannot be well guaranteed. Summary of the Invention

[0005] The purpose of the present invention is to provide a chestnut dehulling and opening integrated machine to solve the above problems.

[0006] To solve the above technical problems, the present invention adopts the following technical solutions:

[0007] A chestnut dehulling and opening integrated machine of the present invention includes a dehulling device and an opening device which are connected to each other;

[0008] The dehulling device includes a frame. A conveying and drying assembly is connected to the top of the frame. A dehulling assembly is provided below the conveying and drying assembly and is connected to the frame. A grading and screening assembly is provided below the dehulling assembly and is connected to the frame. A blowing assembly is provided on one side of the grading and screening assembly. The conveying and drying assembly, the dehulling assembly, the grading and screening assembly, and the blowing assembly are all controlled by a first driving assembly installed on the frame. The opening device is placed on one side of the grading and screening assembly;

[0009] The opening device includes a chassis which is connected to the frame. A feeding assembly is connected to the top of the chassis. A chestnut conveying assembly and an opening assembly are provided inside the chassis. An opening is provided on one side of the chassis, and a receiving hopper is connected to the outside of the opening.

[0010] Further, the conveying and drying assembly includes a dryer housing connected to the frame. A partition is provided inside the dryer housing, and a heating ring is provided inside the partition. A number of ventilation holes are opened on the inner wall of the dryer housing. A spiral channel is provided inside the dryer housing. A blower is connected to the bottom of the dryer housing, and the outlet of the blower is above the dehulling assembly. The blower is controlled by the first driving assembly installed on the frame.

[0011] Further, the dehulling assembly includes a dehulling box connected to the frame. The dehulling box is open at both the top and the bottom. Two rotating rollers are rotatably connected inside the dehulling box. A number of dehulling rollers are installed on the rotating rollers. Rubber ridge teeth are provided on the dehulling rollers. The rotating rollers are controlled to rotate by the first driving assembly installed on the frame.

[0012] Further, the blowing assembly includes a blower connected to the frame. The blower is controlled by the first driving assembly installed on the frame, and the air outlet of the blower points directly below the air outlet of the blower.

[0013] Further, the grading and screening assembly includes a vibration box connected to the frame through a spring seat and a grading vibration plate connected inside the vibration box. The grading vibration plate is obliquely connected inside the vibration box. The vibration box is driven by the first driving assembly. A receiving box is connected to one side of the vibration box and is connected to the frame. A collection drawer corresponding to the grading vibration plate is provided inside the receiving box. The bottom of the vibration box is open, and a thorn shell collection box is provided at the bottom of the vibration box and is connected to the frame.

[0014] Further, the feeding component includes a feeding bucket connected to the top of the chassis. A guiding pipe is connected to the bottom of the feeding bucket. The bottom of the guiding pipe penetrates through the chassis and is located above the chestnut conveying component inside the chassis.

[0015] Further, the chestnut conveying component includes two groups of symmetrically arranged sprockets and chains. The sprockets on the same side are rotatably connected to the inside of the chassis through rotating shafts. The sprockets are controlled to rotate by a second driving component arranged inside the chassis. The second driving component includes a driving motor connected inside the chassis. The driving motor is connected to the sprockets through pulleys and belts. The chains are connected to the sprockets. A number of groups of symmetrically arranged chestnut carriers are connected between the two chains through connecting rods. The chestnut carrier includes a support plate. Through holes are formed in the support plate. A spherical chestnut shell holder is connected inside the through holes. A cross hole is formed at the bottom of the spherical chestnut shell holder. Mounting parts are connected to the four corners at the bottom of the support plate. The connecting rod passes through the through holes formed in the mounting parts and is connected to the chain.

[0016] Further, the opening component includes a blade arranged above the chestnut carrier. The blade is rotatably connected to the inside of the chassis through a rotating shaft and bearings. A pulley is connected to one end of the rotating shaft. The driving motor is connected to the pulley through a belt.

[0017] Further, a cleaning component is arranged above each column of the chestnut carriers. The cleaning component includes a fixing plate and brushes connected to both ends of the fixing plate. The brushes point in the opposite direction of the conveyance of the chestnut carriers. The fixing plate is connected to a sleeve through a fixing rod. The sleeve is sleeved and fixed on a cross bar. Both ends of the cross bar are connected to the inner wall of the chassis.

[0018] A method for using a chestnut dehulling and opening integrated machine includes the following steps:

[0019] A. During use, un-dehulled chestnuts are put into the spiral channel and dried through the heating ring. The chestnuts are dried by the hot air flow in the dryer housing.

[0020] B. The dried chestnuts enter the dehulling box. Two rotating rollers rotate relatively at a certain differential speed to roll and dehull the un-dehulled chestnuts, and the chestnut spiny shells are crushed and separated.

[0021] C. After the chestnut fruits and the chestnut spiny shells leave the dehulling box, due to different masses, they are separated in the air under the action of the wind blown by the blower. The chestnut spiny shells fall into the spiny shell collection box, and the chestnut fruits enter the vibration box.

[0022] D. The chestnut fruits are classified into three grades through the vibration of the grading vibration plate, and the graded chestnut fruits enter different collection drawers.

[0023] E. After a period of collection, select a collection drawer and pull it out, then pour the chestnuts into the feeding barrel.

[0024] F. The chestnuts fall into the spherical chestnut husk through the guiding pipe, and are conveyed by the chain. Then, the outer surface of the chestnuts is cleaned by the brush.

[0025] G. The chestnuts with the surface cleaned are opened by the rotating blade, and the opened chestnuts fall into the receiving hopper.

[0026] Compared with the prior art, the beneficial technical effects of the present invention are as follows:

[0027] The present invention dries the chestnuts through the conveying and drying assembly, improving the removal rate.

[0028] The husk removing roller can ensure the integrity of the chestnuts to a greater extent while crushing the chestnut husks, and the two rotating rollers rotate relatively at a certain differential speed to roll and remove the husks of the unhusked chestnuts.

[0029] Under the influence of the blowing assembly, after the chestnut husk thorns are crushed and separated from the chestnut fruits, due to the different masses, they are separated in the air under the action of the wind blown by the blower, and the chestnut husk thorns fall into the husk thorn collection box.

[0030] The large and small fruits are also selected by the vibration of the grading and screening assembly, improving the screening efficiency.

[0031] The sorted chestnuts are quickly positioned and conveyed through the chestnut conveying assembly in the opening device, and are quickly opened by the opening assembly, greatly saving labor and improving work efficiency. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0032] The present invention will be further described below in conjunction with the drawings.

[0033] Figure 1 It is a schematic structural diagram of the chestnut husk removing and opening integrated machine of the present invention;

[0034] Figure 2 It is a front view of the chestnut husk removing and opening integrated machine of the present invention;

[0035] Figure 3 It is a schematic structural diagram of the machine frame;

[0036] Figure 4 It is a schematic structural diagram of the conveying and drying assembly;

[0037] Figure 5 It is a cross-sectional view of the conveying and drying assembly;

[0038] Figure 6 It is a schematic structural diagram of the husk removing assembly;

[0039] Figure 7 It is a schematic structural diagram of the grading and screening component;

[0040] Figure 8 It is a schematic structural diagram of the blowing component;

[0041] Figure 9 It is a schematic diagram of the internal structure of the chassis;

[0042] Figure 10 It is the front view of the internal structure of the chassis;

[0043] Figure 11 It is a schematic structural diagram of the chestnut carrier;

[0044] Figure 12 It is a histogram of the moisture content distribution of chestnut samples;

[0045] Explanation of reference numerals: 1. Frame; 2. Conveyor and drying component; 201. Dryer housing; 202. Heating ring; 203. Ventilation holes; 204. Spiral channel; 205. Fan; 3. Dehusking component; 301. Dehusking box; 302. Rotating roller; 303. Dehusking roller; 304. Rubber ribbed teeth; 4. Grading and screening component; 401. Vibration box; 402. Grading vibration plate; 403. Material receiving box; 404. Collection drawer; 405. Spring seat; 406. Husk collection box; 5. Blowing component; 501. Blower; 6. Chassis; 7. Feeding component; 701. Feeding bucket; 702. Guide pipe; 8. Chestnut conveying component; 801. Sprocket; 802. Chain; 803. Connecting rod; 804. Chestnut carrier; 8041. Support plate; 8042. Quasi-spherical chestnut shell holder; 8043. Mounting part; 9. Opening component; 901. Blade; 10. Material receiving hopper; 11. Brush; 12. Fixed rod; 13. Sleeve; 14. Cross bar; 15. Fixed plate. Detailed implementation manners

[0046] As Figures 1-12 shown, a chestnut dehusking and opening integrated machine includes a dehusking device and an opening device connected to each other.

[0047] As Figures 1-3 shown, the dehusking device includes a frame 1, a conveyor and drying component 2 is connected to the top of the frame 1, a dehusking component 3 is arranged below the conveyor and drying component 2, the dehusking component 3 is connected to the frame 1, a grading and screening component 4 is arranged below the dehusking component 3, the grading and screening component is connected to the frame 1, a blowing component 5 is arranged on one side of the grading and screening component 4, the conveyor and drying component 2, the dehusking component 3, the grading and screening component 4 and the blowing component 5 are all controlled by a first driving component installed on the frame 1, and the opening device is arranged on one side of the grading and screening component 4.

[0048] As Figures 4-5 shown, the conveying and drying assembly 2 includes a dryer housing 201 connected to the frame 1. A partition is provided inside the dryer housing 201, and a heating ring 202 is provided inside the partition. A plurality of air holes 203 are formed on the inner wall of the dryer housing 201. A spiral channel 204 is provided inside the dryer housing 201. A blower 205 is connected to the bottom of the dryer housing 201. The outlet of the blower 205 is above the threshing assembly 3. The blower 205 is controlled by a first driving assembly installed on the frame 1. The chestnuts are dried by the conveying and drying assembly. The heating ring 202 in the conveying and drying assembly heats the air. The heated air enters the spiral channel 204 through the air holes 203 and acts on the chestnuts to achieve the drying effect. Moreover, the spiral channel 204 greatly prolongs the residence time of the chestnuts in the dryer, enabling them to fully contact with the hot air, obtaining more effective drying, and improving the threshing rate.

[0049] The dried chestnut husks have certain medicinal values. In traditional Chinese medicine, they are used to reduce inflammation and sterilize, moisten the lungs and relieve cough. Grinding the dried husks into powder also has the effect of stopping bleeding. Therefore, the drying process facilitates the continued processing of the recycled chestnut husks. At the same time, the humidity of fresh chestnuts is relatively high, which is not conducive to storage and preservation. Drying the harvested chestnuts to a certain extent is beneficial to extending the freshness period of the chestnuts. More importantly, the moisture content of the chestnuts has a significant impact on the structural design of the chestnut threshing machine, the selection of the working principle, and the final threshing rate and kernel-breaking rate. Therefore, adding a drying device before chestnut threshing plays an important role in improving the threshing rate and maintaining integrity.

[0050] As Figure 12 shown, the water content of the chestnuts is about 45%, and it is expected to be reduced to 18%-20% after drying with high-temperature air flow. The lower the water content of the chestnut husks, the easier it is to break and fall off when kneading them.

[0051] The dryer uses heat energy to reduce the moisture content of the material and is used to dry objects. Through heat treatment, the moisture in the material is evaporated, and thus a solid material with a specified humidity is obtained. In this design, fresh cold air outside is introduced into the dryer interior by the blower 205. After heat exchange with the heating ring 202, it becomes dry hot air, and then acts on the chestnuts through the air holes 203 to achieve the drying effect. Among them, the drying temperature is maintained at 60°C - 80°C, and the air flow speed is maintained at 1.5 - 2.5 m / s.

[0052] As Figure 6As shown, the stripping assembly 3 includes a stripping box 301 connected to the frame 1, the stripping box 301 has upper and lower openings, and two rotating rollers 302 are rotatably connected in the stripping box 301, and a plurality of stripping rollers 303 are installed on the rotating rollers 302. The stripping rollers 303 are provided with rubber ridges 304, and the rubber ridges have certain elastic properties. In the process of squeezing the chestnut thorn shell, this design is not only conducive to the grinding and breaking of the thorn ball, making it easier to strip, but also avoids the chestnut fruit from being broken during the squeezing process, ensuring the integrity of the chestnut fruit. The rotating roller 302 is controlled to rotate by a first driving assembly installed on the frame 1.

[0053] Mechanical deburring is easy to promote due to its simple structure, convenient use and low cost. Different chestnut deburring methods can effectively meet the needs of chestnut deburring of different varieties and specifications. Among them, the method of squeezing and separating chestnut burrs by kneading rubber and steel is a method with high deburring rate and can maintain high integrity of chestnut fruit.

[0054] The material of the peeling roller 303 is steel, and the friction coefficient of the rubber ribs 304 is generally 0.3-0.5, and the compression coefficient is 20%-35%. The rubber ribs 304 with appropriate hardness are wrapped on the peeling roller 303, and the rubber ribs 304 have certain elastic properties. In the process of squeezing the chestnut thorn shell, this design is not only conducive to the grinding and breaking of the thorn ball, making it easier to peel, but also avoids the chestnut fruit from being broken during the squeezing process, ensuring the integrity of the chestnut fruit. The steel material of this design is 45 steel, which has been widely used in mechanical equipment and has good mechanical properties. In addition, the peeling roller 303 adopts a hollow design to reduce the weight of the machine.

[0055] The structure of the peeling roller 303 is that the rollers rotate in opposite directions at differential speeds. This structure is less prone to clogging than the drum concave plate type. The speed difference of the peeling roller 303 has a direct and important impact on the productivity and removal rate of chestnut peeling. Specifically, when the speed difference between the two peeling rollers 303 increases, although the removal rate will increase, this is also accompanied by a decrease in productivity, and the crushing rate of chestnuts will also increase accordingly. On the contrary, when the speed difference decreases, although the removal rate decreases, the productivity will be improved, and the crushing rate will also decrease accordingly. Therefore, in actual operation, it is necessary to reasonably adjust the speed difference of the peeling rollers according to specific needs and conditions to achieve the best production effect and peeling quality. Studies have shown that it is best to determine the speed ratio of the two peeling rollers 303 to be around 1:4.2.

[0056] The gap of the stripping roller 303 for squeezing chestnut burrs should be larger than the chestnut fruit and smaller than the burr ball shell, so as to facilitate the separation of the burr shell and the removal of the chestnut fruit. The size data of the chestnut burr ball and the chestnut fruit are shown in the following table.

[0057] Table - Size of Chestnut Burr Balls and Chestnuts

[0058]

[0059] It can be concluded from this that the appropriate gap between the two dehulling rollers 303 is 4 cm.

[0060] As Figure 8 shown, the blowing assembly 5 includes a blower 501 connected to the frame 1. The blower 501 is controlled by a first drive assembly installed on the frame 1, and the air outlet of the blower 501 points directly below the outlet of the fan 205.

[0061] Under the action of the air flow, particles of different densities will show different moving distances due to the difference in their terminal settling velocities. Specifically, particles with a larger density have a faster settling velocity in the air flow, so their movement distance is relatively short; while particles with a smaller density have a slower settling velocity, and thus move a longer distance in the air flow. In this way, effective separation of solid particles under the action of wind can be achieved. In the separation and screening section, the air flow generated by the blower is used to perform air separation on chestnuts. The motor provides the kinetic energy for the rotation of the blower blades, and then the air flow is generated. The air flow is effectively concentrated and guided by the air collecting cylinder and blown out from the outlet of the air collecting cylinder, directly acting on the chestnut fruits and the spiny shells. Due to the different masses of the chestnut fruits and the spiny shells, and the different forces they receive when affected by the air flow, the air flow generated by the blower can separate the chestnut burrs from the chestnuts.

[0062] As Figure 7 shown, the grading and screening assembly 4 includes a vibration box 401 connected to the frame 1 through a spring seat 405 and a grading vibration plate 402 connected inside the vibration box 401. The grading vibration plate 402 is inclined and connected inside the vibration box 401. The grading vibration plate 402 is a three-stage vibration plate, and the three-stage sieve meshes of the grading vibration plate 402 are 35 mm, 29 mm, and 20 mm respectively. The vibration box 401 is driven by the first drive assembly. One side of the vibration box 401 is connected with a receiving box 403, the receiving box 403 is connected to the frame 1, and a collection drawer 404 corresponding to the grading vibration plate 402 is arranged inside the receiving box 403. The bottom of the vibration box 401 is open, and a spiny shell collection box 406 is arranged at the bottom of the vibration box 401. The spiny shell collection box 406 is connected to the frame 1. The vibration frequency in this application is 20 Hz.

[0063] During the process of removing chestnuts, the degree of rupture of the thorn shells is different, and the sizes of the broken pieces are different. There are always broken shells of the same size as the chestnuts sandwiched in the chestnuts, and the chestnuts cannot be completely separated by screening. Therefore, according to the specific characteristics of chestnuts, the chestnuts and thorn shells are first separated by air selection in the separation and screening part, and the chestnuts after preliminary separation are sent to the grading screen for further screening.

[0064] The first driving component includes a driving motor connected to the frame 1 and a plurality of pulleys and belts. The driving motor model is Y90S-4. The driving motor is connected to the conveying and drying component 2, the depilatory component 3, the grading and screening component 4 and the blowing component 5 respectively through pulleys and belts.

[0065] like Figures 9-11 As shown, the opening device includes a chassis 6, which is connected to the frame 1, the top of the chassis 6 is connected to a feeding assembly 7, the interior of the chassis 6 is provided with a chestnut conveying assembly 8 and an opening assembly 9, one side of the chassis 6 is provided with an opening, and the outer side of the opening is connected to a receiving hopper 10.

[0066] The feed assembly 7 includes a feed bucket 701 connected to the top of the chassis 6, and a guide pipe 702 is connected to the bottom of the feed bucket 701. The bottom of the guide pipe 702 passes through the chassis 6 and reaches above the chestnut conveying assembly 8 in the chassis 6.

[0067] The chestnut conveying assembly 8 includes two groups of symmetrically arranged sprockets 801 and chains 802. The sprockets 801 on the same side are rotatably connected to the inside of the chassis 6 through a rotating shaft. The sprockets 801 are controlled to rotate by a second driving assembly arranged inside the chassis 6. The second driving assembly includes a driving motor connected to the chassis 6. The driving motor is connected to the sprockets 801 through a pulley and a belt. The chains 802 are connected to the sprockets 801. The two chains 802 are connected to each other. A plurality of symmetrically arranged chestnut carriers 804 are connected via a connecting rod 803, wherein the chestnut carrier 804 comprises a support plate 8041, wherein a through hole is provided on the support plate 8041, wherein a spherical chestnut card shell 8042 is connected in the through hole, wherein a cross hole is provided at the bottom of the spherical chestnut card shell 8042, and mounting parts 8043 are connected to the four corners of the bottom of the support plate 8041, and the connecting rod 803 passes through the through hole provided on the mounting part 8043 and is connected to the chain 802.

[0068] The opening assembly 9 includes a blade 901 arranged above the chestnut carrier 804, and the blade 901 is rotatably connected to the chassis 6 via a rotating shaft and a bearing. A pulley is connected to one end of the rotating shaft, and the driving motor is connected to the pulley via a belt.

[0069] Above each column of the chestnut carrier 804, a cleaning component is provided. The cleaning component includes a fixing plate 15 and brushes 11 connected to both ends of the fixing plate 15. The brushes 11 point in the opposite direction of the conveyance of the chestnut carrier 804. The fixing plate 15 is connected to a sleeve 13 through a fixing rod 12. The sleeve 13 is sleeved and fixed on a cross bar 14. Both ends of the cross bar 14 are connected to the inner wall of the chassis 6.

[0070] A method for using a chestnut dehulling and opening integrated machine according to the present invention includes the following steps:

[0071] A. During use, un-dehulled chestnuts are put into the spiral channel and dried through the heating ring. The chestnuts are dried by the hot air flow in the dryer housing.

[0072] B. The dried chestnuts enter the dehulling box, and two rotating rollers rotate relative to each other at a certain differential speed to roll and dehull the un-dehulled chestnuts, and the chestnut spiny husks are crushed and separated.

[0073] C. After the chestnut fruits and the chestnut spiny husks leave the dehulling box, due to different masses, they are separated in the air under the action of the wind blown by the blower. The chestnut spiny husks fall into the spiny husk collection box, and the chestnut fruits enter the vibration box.

[0074] D. The chestnut fruits are divided into three grades through the vibration of the grading vibration plate, and the graded chestnut fruits enter different collection drawers.

[0075] E. After a period of collection, select a collection drawer and pull it out, and pour the chestnut fruits into the feed barrel.

[0076] F. The chestnuts fall into the spherical chestnut jamming shells through the guiding pipe, and the chestnuts are conveyed through the chain, and the outer surfaces of the chestnuts are cleaned by the brushes.

[0077] G. The chestnuts with the surfaces cleaned are opened by the rotating blades, and the opened chestnuts fall into the receiving hopper.

[0078] The above-described embodiments are only descriptions of the preferred modes of the present invention, and do not limit the scope of the present invention. Without departing from the design spirit of the present invention, various deformations and improvements made by those of ordinary skill in the art to the technical solutions of the present invention shall fall within the protection scope determined by the claims of the present invention.

Claims

1. A chestnut dehulling and opening machine, characterized in that: It includes a connected cattail removing device and an opening device; The cattail removing device includes a frame (1). A conveying and drying component (2) is connected to the top of the frame (1). A cattail removing component (3) is arranged below the conveying and drying component (2). The cattail removing component (3) is connected to the frame (1). A grading and screening component (4) is arranged below the cattail removing component (3). The grading and screening component is connected to the frame (1). A blowing component (5) is arranged on one side of the grading and screening component (4). The conveying and drying component (2), the cattail removing component (3), the grading and screening component (4) and the blowing component (5) are all controlled by a first driving component installed on the frame (1). The opening device is placed on one side of the grading and screening component (4); The opening device includes a chassis (6). The chassis (6) is connected to the frame (1). A feeding component (7) is connected to the top of the chassis (6). A chestnut conveying component (8) and an opening component (9) are arranged inside the chassis (6). There is an opening on one side of the chassis (6). A receiving hopper (10) is connected to the outside of the opening.

2. The chestnut dehulling and opening integrated machine according to claim 1, wherein: The conveying and drying component (2) includes a dryer housing (201) connected to the frame (1). There is a partition inside the dryer housing (201). A heating ring (202) is arranged inside the partition. A number of air permeable holes (203) are opened on the inner wall of the dryer housing (201). A spiral channel (204) is arranged inside the dryer housing (201). A blower (205) is connected to the bottom of the dryer housing (201). The outlet of the blower (205) is above the cattail removing component (3). The blower (205) is controlled by the first driving component installed on the frame (1).

3. The chestnut dehulling and opening integrated machine according to claim 2, wherein: The cattail removing component (3) includes a cattail removing box (301) connected to the frame (1). The cattail removing box (301) is open at both the top and the bottom. Two rotating rollers (302) are rotatably connected inside the cattail removing box (301). A number of cattail removing rollers (303) are installed on the rotating rollers (302). Rubber ridge teeth (304) are arranged on the cattail removing rollers (303). The rotating rollers (302) are controlled to rotate by the first driving component installed on the frame (1).

4. The chestnut dehulling and opening integrated machine according to claim 3, characterized in that: The blowing component (5) includes a blower (501) connected to the frame (1). The blower (501) is controlled by the first driving component installed on the frame (1). The air outlet of the blower (501) points to the exact lower position of the outlet of the blower (205).

5. The chestnut dehulling and opening machine according to claim 4, characterized in that: The grading and screening component (4) includes a vibration box (401) connected to the frame (1) through a spring seat (405) and a grading vibration plate (402) connected inside the vibration box (401). The grading vibration plate (402) is inclined and connected inside the vibration box (401). The vibration box (401) is driven by the first driving component. A material receiving box (403) is connected to one side of the vibration box (401), and the material receiving box (403) is connected to the frame (1). A collection drawer (404) corresponding to the grading vibration plate (402) is provided inside the material receiving box (403). The bottom of the vibration box (401) is open, and a thorn shell collection box (406) is provided at the bottom of the vibration box (401), and the thorn shell collection box (406) is connected to the frame (1).

6. The chestnut dehulling and opening integrated machine according to claim 1, characterized in that: The feeding component (7) includes a feeding bucket (701) connected to the top of the machine case (6). A guiding pipe (702) is connected to the bottom of the feeding bucket (701), and the bottom of the guiding pipe (702) penetrates through the machine case (6) and is located above the chestnut conveying component (8) inside the machine case (6).

7. The chestnut dehulling and opening integrated machine according to claim 6, characterized in that: The chestnut conveying component (8) includes two groups of symmetrically arranged sprockets (801) and chains (802). The sprockets (801) on the same side are rotatably connected to the inside of the machine case (6) through rotating shafts. The sprockets (801) are controlled to rotate by a second driving component provided inside the machine case (6). The second driving component includes a driving motor connected inside the machine case (6), and the driving motor is connected to the sprockets (801) through a pulley and a belt. The chains (802) are connected to the sprockets (801). A number of groups of symmetrically arranged chestnut carriers (804) are connected between the two chains (802) through connecting rods (803). The chestnut carrier (804) includes a support plate (8041) with through holes opened thereon. A spherical chestnut shell (8042) is connected inside the through holes. A cross hole is opened at the bottom of the spherical chestnut shell (8042). Mounting parts (8043) are connected to the four corners at the bottom of the support plate (8041). The connecting rod (803) passes through the through holes opened on the mounting parts (8043) and is connected to the chain (802).

8. The chestnut dehulling and opening machine according to claim 7, characterized in that: The opening component (9) includes a blade (901) arranged above the chestnut carrier (804). The blade (901) is rotatably connected to the inside of the machine case (6) through a rotating shaft and a bearing. A pulley is connected to one end of the rotating shaft, and the driving motor is connected to the pulley through a belt.

9. The chestnut dehulling and opening integrated machine according to claim 8, wherein: Above each of the chestnut carriers (804), a cleaning assembly is provided. The cleaning assembly includes a fixing plate (15) and brushes (11) connected to both ends of the fixing plate (15). The brushes (11) point in the opposite direction of the conveyance of the chestnut carriers (804). The fixing plate (15) is connected to a sleeve (13) through a fixing rod (12). The sleeve (13) is sleeved and fixed on a cross bar (14). Both ends of the cross bar (14) are connected to the inner wall of the chassis (6).

10. A method for using the chestnut dehulling and opening machine according to any one of claims 1-9, characterized in that: It includes the following steps: A. During use, the unhulled chestnuts are put into the spiral channel and dried by the heating ring. The chestnuts are dried by the hot air flow in the dryer housing. B. The dried chestnuts enter the dehulling box. Two rotating rollers rotate relative to each other at a certain differential speed to roll and dehull the unhulled chestnuts, and the chestnut spiny husks are crushed and separated. C. After the chestnut fruits and the chestnut spiny husks leave the dehulling box, due to their different masses, under the action of the wind blown by the blower, the two are separated in the air. The chestnut spiny husks fall into the spiny husk collection box, and the chestnut fruits enter the vibration box. D. The chestnut fruits are classified into three grades by the vibration of the grading vibration plate, and the graded chestnut fruits enter different collection drawers. E. After a period of collection, select a collection drawer and pull it out, and pour the chestnut fruits into the feed bucket. F. The chestnuts fall into the spherical chestnut jamming cases through the guiding pipes, and the chestnuts are conveyed by the chain, and the outer surfaces of the chestnuts are cleaned by the brushes. G. The chestnuts with their surfaces cleaned are opened by the rotating blades, and the opened chestnuts fall into the receiving hopper.

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