Efficient and safe resin-based composite material pyrolysis device

Abstract

The invention discloses an efficient and safe resin-based composite material pyrolysis device, and belongs to the technical field of material pyrolysis, the efficient and safe resin-based composite material pyrolysis device comprises a first-order heating cylinder and a sealing cover, the first-order heating cylinder is sequentially provided with a second-order heating cylinder and a third-order heating cylinder from inside to outside, and a rotary conveying assembly used for conveying materials into the second-order heating cylinder is arranged in the first-order heating cylinder. Through the arrangement of the inner heat conduction sleeve and the outer heat conduction sleeve, heat conduction cooperation between the inner heat conduction sleeve and the outer heat conduction sleeve can be utilized to conduct residual heat after pyrolysis in different stages to the space of the next pyrolysis stage, so that the pyrolysis efficiency in the whole device is improved, the pyrolysis energy consumption in different stages is reduced, and the pyrolysis efficiency is improved. Meanwhile, due to the arrangement of the flow dividing assembly and the sealing cover, nitrogen can be introduced into different pyrolysis spaces according to the proceeding state of the pyrolysis stage through matched opening of the main pipeline and the auxiliary pipeline, and it is guaranteed that the resin-based composite material is better pyrolyzed in the nitrogen environment and is prevented from being oxidized.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present invention relates to the technical field of material pyrolysis, and particularly to a highly efficient and safe pyrolysis device for resin-based composites. Background Art

[0002] Resin-based composites are high-performance materials formed by combining a resin as the matrix with reinforcing materials (such as fibers, particles, etc.) through physical or chemical means. Their comprehensive performance is superior to that of single-component materials and they are widely used in fields such as aerospace, automotive, and energy.

[0003] Currently, the pyrolysis of resin-based composites mainly focuses on the decomposition of the resin matrix, while reinforcing materials (such as carbon fibers) usually retain their structure after pyrolysis. The recycling process of resin-based composites mainly relies on pyrolysis, but existing equipment has low pyrolysis efficiency, high energy consumption, and it is difficult to separate high-quality reinforcing fibers. Moreover, the pyrolysis of resin-based composites occurs in three stages, with different pyrolysis temperatures and products in different stages. If the temperature control is poor, it is easy to cause the decomposition products of different stages to be mixed, further increasing the subsequent product treatment cost. Therefore, a highly efficient and safe pyrolysis device for resin-based composites is proposed. Summary of the Invention

[0004] The purpose of the present invention is to solve the problems in the prior art that existing equipment has low pyrolysis efficiency, high energy consumption, it is difficult to separate high-quality reinforcing fibers, and the pyrolysis of resin-based composites occurs in three stages, with different pyrolysis temperatures and products in different stages. If the temperature control is poor, it is easy to cause the decomposition products of different stages to be mixed, further increasing the subsequent product treatment cost, and to propose a highly efficient and safe pyrolysis device for resin-based composites.

[0005] In order to achieve the above purpose, the present invention adopts the following technical scheme:

[0006] A highly efficient and safe pyrolysis device for resin-based composites, comprising a first-stage heating cylinder and a cover. The first-stage heating cylinder is sequentially provided with a second-stage heating cylinder and a third-stage heating cylinder from the inside to the outside. A rotary feeding component for conveying materials into the second-stage heating cylinder is arranged inside the first-stage heating cylinder. An inner heat conducting sleeve is arranged outside the first-stage heating cylinder. An outer heat conducting sleeve is arranged outside the second-stage heating cylinder. A material taking hole is formed on the outer side wall of the third-stage heating cylinder. An arc-shaped cover plate is rotatably connected to the inner side wall of the material taking hole. A heat monitoring component is arranged on the arc-shaped cover plate;

[0007] Inside the cover, a first-stage air flow groove and a second-stage air flow ring are respectively formed. The first-stage air flow groove is connected to a discharge pipe, and the second-stage air flow ring is connected to a recovery pipe. A nitrogen gas tank is arranged outside the cover, and a flow splitting component for splitting nitrogen gas into different spaces is connected to the nitrogen gas tank.

[0008] Preferably, the bottom end of the first-order heating cylinder is fixedly connected to the bottom ends of the second-order heating cylinder and the third-order heating cylinder through a base. The base is provided with a filter ring at the position of the second-order heating cylinder. The outer side wall of the bottom end of the third-order heating cylinder is fixedly connected to an annular liquid storage tank, and the annular liquid storage tank communicates with the second-order heating cylinder through the filter ring.

[0009] Preferably, a base is fixedly connected to the bottom end of the annular liquid storage tank, and a plurality of hydraulic push rods are fixedly connected to the top end of the base. The output end of the hydraulic push rod is fixedly connected to a sealing plate through a fixing plate.

[0010] Preferably, a discharge hole and a recovery ring are formed on the sealing plate. The discharge hole is used to connect the first-order heating cylinder and the first-order air flow groove on the cover. The recovery ring is used to connect the second-order heating cylinder and the second-order air flow ring on the cover. A connecting filter ring is fixedly connected to the inner side wall of the second-order air flow ring.

[0011] Preferably, the rotary feeding component is composed of a driving motor and a spiral conveyor. The output end of the driving motor is rotationally connected to the spiral conveyor through a rotating plate. The rotating plate is rotationally connected to the first-order heating cylinder, and the outer side wall of the spiral conveyor is rotationally connected to the inner side wall of the first-order heating cylinder.

[0012] Preferably, a first-order heating layer is provided on the outer side wall of the first-order heating cylinder. The inner heat conducting sleeve is arranged on the outer side wall of the first-order heating layer. A plurality of inner heat conducting grooves are formed on the inner heat conducting sleeve. The inner side wall of the inner heat conducting groove is rotationally connected to an inner heat insulating plate through a pin shaft. The inner heat insulating plate is fixedly connected to an inner adjusting gear through a pin shaft. The inner adjusting gear is externally meshed with an inner adjusting gear ring.

[0013] Preferably, a second-order heating layer is provided on the outer side wall of the inner heat conducting sleeve. The outer heat conducting sleeve is arranged on the outer side wall of the second-order heating cylinder. A plurality of outer heat conducting grooves are formed on the outer heat conducting sleeve. The inner side wall of the outer heat conducting groove is rotationally connected to an outer heat insulating plate through a pin shaft. The outer heat insulating plate is fixedly connected to an outer adjusting gear through a pin shaft. The outer adjusting gear is externally meshed with an outer adjusting gear ring.

[0014] Preferably, the heat monitoring component is composed of a heat sensing plate, a piston plate and an alarm. A third-order heating layer is provided on the outer side wall of the outer heat conducting sleeve. A heat sensing pipe is fixedly connected to the inner side wall of the arc-shaped cover plate through the heat sensing plate. An orifice plate is fixedly connected to the inner side wall of the heat sensing pipe. The top end of the orifice plate is fixedly connected to the piston plate through a return spring. Conductive liquid is arranged on the piston plate. The heat sensing pipe communicates with the positive and negative poles of the alarm through two branch pipes.

[0015] Preferably, the shunt component is composed of a main pipeline and a plurality of sub-pipelines. The outer side wall of the nitrogen gas tank is fixedly connected to the outer side wall of the third-order heating cylinder. The nitrogen gas tank communicates with the first-order air flow groove on the cover through the main pipeline. The main pipeline communicates with the second-order heating cylinder and the third-order heating cylinder respectively through a plurality of sub-pipelines. An air pump is arranged in the nitrogen gas tank.

[0016] Compared with the prior art, the beneficial effects of the present invention are as follows:

[0017] 1. Through the arrangement of the inner heat conducting sleeve and the outer heat conducting sleeve, the residual heat after pyrolysis in different stages can be conducted to the space of the next pyrolysis stage through the heat conduction cooperation between the inner heat conducting sleeve and the outer heat conducting sleeve, improving the pyrolysis efficiency in the whole device and reducing the pyrolysis energy consumption in different stages.

[0018] 2. Through the arrangement of the heat monitoring component and the heat sensing plate, the temperature condition in the third-order heating cylinder can be conducted in real time by the heat sensing plate. The piston plate is extruded and lifted by the thermal expansion of the gas, pushing the conductive liquid to conduct the circuit of the alarm, for temperature monitoring and regulation in the third stage, and avoiding oxidation or structural damage of the resin matrix composite due to high temperature.

[0019] 3. Through the arrangement of the shunt component and the cover, the nitrogen gas can be introduced into different pyrolysis spaces according to the progress state of the pyrolysis stage by the cooperation of the main pipeline and the sub-pipelines, ensuring better pyrolysis of the resin matrix composite in a nitrogen environment and avoiding oxidation. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0020] Figure 1 is a three-dimensional structural schematic diagram of a high-efficiency and safe pyrolysis device for resin matrix composites proposed by the present invention;

[0021] Figure 2 is an assembly drawing of a high-efficiency and safe pyrolysis device for resin matrix composites proposed by the present invention;

[0022] Figure 3 is a structural schematic diagram of the inside of the cover in a high-efficiency and safe pyrolysis device for resin matrix composites proposed by the present invention;

[0023] Figure 4 is a structural schematic diagram of the position of the inner heat conducting sleeve in a high-efficiency and safe pyrolysis device for resin matrix composites proposed by the present invention;

[0024] Figure 5 is a structural schematic diagram of the positions of a plurality of inner heat insulation plates in a high-efficiency and safe pyrolysis device for resin matrix composites proposed by the present invention;

[0025] Figure 6 is a structural schematic diagram of the outer heat conducting sleeve in a high-efficiency and safe pyrolysis device for resin matrix composites proposed by the present invention;

[0026] Figure 7 This is a schematic structural diagram of the position of the third-order heating layer in an efficient and safe pyrolysis device for resin-based composites proposed by the present invention;

[0027] Figure 8 This is a schematic structural diagram of the heat monitoring component in an efficient and safe pyrolysis device for resin-based composites proposed by the present invention.

[0028] In the figure: 1, first-order heating cylinder; 2, cover; 3, base; 4, hydraulic push rod; 5, sealing plate; 6, drive motor; 7, screw conveyor; 8, first-order heating layer; 9, inner heat conduction sleeve; 10, inner adjusting gear ring; 11, inner adjusting gear; 12, inner heat insulation plate; 13, second-order heating layer; 14, second-order heating cylinder; 15, outer heat conduction sleeve; 16, outer adjusting gear ring; 17, outer adjusting gear; 18, outer heat insulation plate; 19, annular liquid storage tank; 20, third-order heating layer; 21, third-order heating cylinder; 22, arc-shaped cover plate; 23, heat sensing plate; 24, heat sensing pipe; 25, orifice plate; 26, return spring; 27, piston plate; 28, alarm; 29, connecting filter ring; 30, discharge pipe; 31, recovery pipe; 32, nitrogen tank; 33, main pipeline; 34, sub-pipeline. Specific embodiments

[0029] Next, the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention will be clearly and completely described in conjunction with the accompanying drawings in the embodiments of the present invention. Obviously, the described embodiments are only a part of the embodiments of the present invention, rather than all the embodiments. Based on the embodiments of the present invention, all other embodiments obtained by those of ordinary skill in the art without creative efforts shall fall within the protection scope of the present invention.

[0030] In the description of the present invention, it should be noted that the orientation or positional relationship indicated by the terms "upper", "lower", "inner", "outer", "top / bottom end", etc. is based on the orientation or positional relationship shown in the drawings, and is only for the convenience of describing the present invention and simplifying the description, rather than indicating or implying that the device or element referred to must have a specific orientation, be constructed and operated in a specific orientation, and therefore cannot be understood as a limitation to the present invention. In addition, the terms "first" and "second" are only used for descriptive purposes and cannot be understood as indicating or implying relative importance.

[0031] In the description of the present invention, it should be noted that unless otherwise clearly specified and defined, terms such as "installation", "provided with", "sheathed / connected", "connection", etc. should be understood in a broad sense. For example, "connection" can be a fixed connection, a detachable connection, or an integral connection; it can be a mechanical connection or an electrical connection; it can be directly connected or indirectly connected through an intermediate medium, and it can be the communication inside two components. For those of ordinary skill in the art, the specific meanings of the above terms in the present invention can be understood according to specific circumstances.

[0032] Example, refer to Figures 1 to 8 , a pyrolysis device for high-efficiency and safe resin-based composite materials, comprising a first-order heating cylinder 1 and a cover 2. The first-order heating cylinder 1 is sequentially provided with a second-order heating cylinder 14 and a third-order heating cylinder 21 from the inside to the outside. A spiral conveying component for conveying materials into the second-order heating cylinder 14 is arranged inside the first-order heating cylinder 1. An inner heat conducting sleeve 9 is arranged outside the first-order heating cylinder 1, and an outer heat conducting sleeve 15 is arranged outside the second-order heating cylinder 14;

[0033] Furthermore, the bottom end of the first-order heating cylinder 1 is fixedly connected to the bottom ends of the second-order heating cylinder 14 and the third-order heating cylinder 21 respectively through a base. The base is provided with a filter ring at the position of the second-order heating cylinder 14. The outer bottom wall of the third-order heating cylinder 21 is fixedly connected to an annular liquid storage tank 19. The annular liquid storage tank 19 communicates with the second-order heating cylinder 14 through the filter ring. The bottom end of the annular liquid storage tank 19 is fixedly connected to a base 3. A plurality of hydraulic push rods 4 are fixedly connected to the top end of the base 3. The output end of the hydraulic push rod 4 is fixedly connected to a sealing plate 5 through a fixing plate. A discharge hole and a recovery ring are formed on the sealing plate 5. The discharge hole is used to communicate the first-order heating cylinder 1 with the first-order air flow groove on the cover 2, and the recovery ring is used to communicate the second-order heating cylinder 14 with the second-order air flow ring on the cover 2. A connecting filter ring 29 is fixedly connected to the inner side wall of the second-order air flow ring. The spiral conveying component is composed of a driving motor 6 and a spiral conveyor 7. The output end of the driving motor 6 is rotationally connected to the spiral conveyor 7 through a rotating plate. The rotating plate is rotationally connected to the first-order heating cylinder 1, and the outer side wall of the spiral conveyor 7 is rotationally connected to the inner side wall of the first-order heating cylinder 1. A first-order heating layer 8 is arranged on the outer side wall of the first-order heating cylinder 1. The inner heat conducting sleeve 9 is arranged on the outer side wall of the first-order heating layer 8. A plurality of inner heat conducting grooves are formed on the inner heat conducting sleeve 9. The inner side wall of the inner heat conducting groove is rotationally connected to an inner heat insulating plate 12 through a pin shaft. The inner heat insulating plate 12 is fixedly connected to an inner adjusting gear 11 through a pin shaft. The inner adjusting gear 11 is externally engaged with an inner adjusting gear ring 10. A second-order heating layer 13 is arranged on the outer side wall of the inner heat conducting sleeve 9. The outer heat conducting sleeve 15 is arranged on the outer side wall of the second-order heating cylinder 14. A plurality of outer heat conducting grooves are formed on the outer heat conducting sleeve 15. The inner side wall of the outer heat conducting groove is rotationally connected to an outer heat insulating plate 18 through a pin shaft. The outer heat insulating plate 18 is fixedly connected to an outer adjusting gear 17 through a pin shaft. The outer adjusting gear 17 is externally engaged with an outer adjusting gear ring 16;

[0034] It should be noted that: The hydraulic push rod 4 is used to disassemble and separate the cover 2 from the first-stage heating cylinder 1. Subsequently, the resin matrix composite material to be heated and decomposed is placed into the first-stage heating cylinder 1. Then, the hydraulic push rod 4 is used to move the cover 2 downward to achieve the sealed assembly of the cover 2 and the first-stage heating cylinder 1. Then, the first-stage heating layer 8 is used to rapidly heat up the first-stage heating cylinder 1. The rapid heating-up is convenient for the volatilization of small-molecule compounds and the generation of carbon dioxide and water vapor during the first-stage pyrolysis process of the resin matrix composite material. The generated gas enters the first-stage discharge groove on the cover 2 through the discharge holes on the sealing plate 5 and is directly discharged after environmental protection treatment by the discharge pipe 30. After the first-stage pyrolysis is completed, the driving motor 6 is started to drive the spiral conveyor 7 to rotate in the first-stage heating cylinder 1. Then, the resin matrix composite material in the first-stage heating cylinder 1 moves outward under the action of the rotational centrifugal force, then enters onto the spiral conveyor 7 and gradually moves upward centrifugally along the spiral conveyor 7. A conveying channel is provided between the first-stage heating cylinder 1 and the second-stage heating cylinder 14 to facilitate the resin matrix composite material to directly enter the second-stage heating cylinder 14. After the resin matrix composite material is filtered by liquid after the second-stage pyrolysis is completed, it is then transferred to the third-stage heating cylinder 21. The transfer of the pyrolysis material is an existing conventional technical means and will not be elaborated here;

[0035] During the process of transferring the resin matrix composite material from the first-stage heating cylinder 1 to the second-stage heating cylinder 14, the internal adjustment gear ring 10 is controlled to rotate at a small angle, thereby driving the rotation of a plurality of internal adjustment gears 11, causing the rotation and opening of a plurality of internal heat insulation plates 12, and enabling the heat in the first-stage heating layer 8 to be conducted into the second-stage heating layer 13, which is convenient for the pyrolysis of the material in the second stage. During the process of transferring the material from the second-stage heating cylinder 14 to the third-stage heating cylinder 21, the external adjustment gear ring 16 is used to drive the rotation of a plurality of external adjustment gears 17, thereby driving the opening of a plurality of external heat insulation plates 18, realizing the heat conduction from the second-stage heating cylinder 14 into the third-stage heating layer 20. At the same time, during the subsequent continuous pyrolysis process of the resin matrix composite material, the residual heat of the previous high-order process can be conducted to the low-order;

[0036] The benefits based on the above are as follows: In this way, the heat conduction cooperation between the internal heat conduction sleeve 9 and the external heat conduction sleeve 15 can be utilized to conduct the residual heat after pyrolysis in different stages to the space of the next pyrolysis stage, improving the pyrolysis efficiency in the entire device and reducing the pyrolysis energy consumption in different stages;

[0037] A material taking hole is provided on the outer side wall of the third-stage heating cylinder 21. The inner side wall of the material taking hole is rotatably connected with an arc-shaped cover plate 22, and a heat monitoring component is provided on the arc-shaped cover plate 22;

[0038] Further, the heat monitoring component is composed of a heat-sensitive plate 23, a piston plate 27, and an alarm 28. A three-stage heating layer 20 is provided on the outer side wall of the outer heat conduction sleeve 15. A heat-sensitive pipe 24 is fixedly connected to the inner side wall of the arc-shaped cover plate 22 through the heat-sensitive plate 23. A hole plate 25 is fixedly connected to the inner side wall of the heat-sensitive pipe 24. The top end of the hole plate 25 is fixedly connected to the piston plate 27 through a return spring 26. A conductive liquid is provided on the piston plate 27. The heat-sensitive pipe 24 is electrically connected to the positive and negative electrodes of the alarm 28 through two branch pipes;

[0039] It should be noted that during the pyrolysis in the third stage, the heat-sensitive plate 23 will conduct the heat in the three-stage heating cylinder 21 into the heat-sensitive pipe 24. Then, the gas at the bottom end of the heat-sensitive pipe 24 expands due to heat, squeezing the piston plate 27 to move upward. Then, the piston plate 27 will push the conductive liquid into the two branch pipes, conducting the circuit of the alarm 28, sending a warning of overhigh temperature, and monitoring and timely adjusting the temperature in the three-stage heating cylinder 21 in real time;

[0040] The benefits based on the above are as follows: In this way, the heat-sensitive plate 23 can be used to conduct the temperature condition in the three-stage heating cylinder 21 in real time. By the thermal expansion of the gas, the piston plate 27 is squeezed to move upward, pushing the conductive liquid to conduct the circuit of the alarm 28, performing temperature monitoring and control in the third stage, and avoiding oxidation or structural damage of the resin-based composite material due to high temperature;

[0041] A first-order air flow groove and a second-order air flow ring are respectively opened in the cover 2. The first-order air flow groove is connected to a discharge pipe 30, and the second-order air flow ring is connected to a recovery pipe 31. A nitrogen gas tank 32 is provided outside the cover 2, and the nitrogen gas tank 32 is connected to a flow splitting component for splitting nitrogen gas into different spaces;

[0042] Further, the flow splitting component is composed of a main pipe 33 and a plurality of branch pipes 34. The outer side wall of the nitrogen gas tank 32 is fixedly connected to the outer side wall of the three-stage heating cylinder 21. The nitrogen gas tank 32 is communicated with the first-order air flow groove on the cover 2 through the main pipe 33. The main pipe 33 is respectively communicated with the second-stage heating cylinder 14 and the three-stage heating cylinder 21 through a plurality of branch pipes 34. An air pump is provided in the nitrogen gas tank 32;

[0043] It should be noted that during the pyrolysis in the second stage, a large amount of volatile gases (such as CO, CH4, H2) are generated, which enter the second-order air flow ring in the cover 2 through the connecting filter ring 29 and then enter the recovery pipe 31 for recovery as alternative energy. During the pyrolysis process, according to the pyrolysis stage, the air pump in the nitrogen gas tank 32 is used to transport nitrogen gas into the main pipe 33. During the pyrolysis in the first stage, the valve of the main pipe 33 is opened to introduce nitrogen gas into the first-order heating cylinder 1. During the pyrolysis in the second and third stages, the valves in the corresponding branch pipes 34 are respectively opened to introduce nitrogen gas into the second-stage heating cylinder 14 and the three-stage heating cylinder 21;

[0044] The above-mentioned benefits are as follows: By utilizing the cooperation of the main pipeline 33 and the auxiliary pipeline 34 to open, nitrogen can be introduced into different pyrolysis spaces according to the progress of the pyrolysis stage, ensuring better pyrolysis of the resin-based composite material in a nitrogen environment and avoiding oxidation.

[0045] When the present invention is in use, the hydraulic push rod 4 is used to disassemble and separate the cover 2 from the first-order heating cylinder 1. Subsequently, the resin-based composite material to be heated and decomposed is placed into the first-order heating cylinder 1. Then, the hydraulic push rod 4 is used to move the cover 2 downward to achieve the sealed assembly of the cover 2 and the first-order heating cylinder 1. Then, the first-order heating layer 8 is used to rapidly heat up the first-order heating cylinder 1. The rapid heating is convenient for the volatilization of small molecule compounds and the generation of carbon dioxide and water vapor during the first-stage pyrolysis of the resin-based composite material. The generated gas enters the first-order discharge groove on the cover 2 through the discharge holes on the sealing plate 5 and is directly discharged after environmental protection treatment by the discharge pipe 30. After the first-stage pyrolysis is completed, the driving motor 6 is started to drive the spiral conveying member 7 to rotate in the first-order heating cylinder 1. Then, the resin-based composite material in the first-order heating cylinder 1 moves outward under the action of the rotational centrifugal force and then enters the spiral conveying member 7 and gradually moves upward centrifugally along the spiral conveying member 7. A conveying channel is provided between the first-order heating cylinder 1 and the second-order heating cylinder 14 to facilitate the resin-based composite material to directly enter the second-order heating cylinder 14. After the resin-based composite material is filtered by liquid after the second-stage pyrolysis is completed, it is then transferred to the third-order heating cylinder 21. The transfer of the pyrolysis material is a conventional technical means in the prior art and will not be elaborated here.

[0046] During the process of transferring the resin-based composite material from the first-order heating cylinder 1 to the second-order heating cylinder 14, the internal adjustment gear ring 10 is controlled to rotate at a small angle, thereby driving the rotation of a plurality of internal adjustment gears 11, causing the rotation and opening of a plurality of internal heat insulation plates 12, and enabling the heat in the first-order heating layer 8 to be conducted to the second-order heating layer 13, facilitating the pyrolysis of the material in the second stage. During the process of transferring the material from the second-order heating cylinder 14 to the third-order heating cylinder 21, the external adjustment gear ring 16 is used to drive the rotation of a plurality of external adjustment gears 17, thereby driving the opening of a plurality of external heat insulation plates 18, realizing the heat conduction from the second-order heating cylinder 14 to the third-order heating layer 20. At the same time, during the subsequent continuous pyrolysis process of the resin-based composite material, the residual heat of the previous high-order process can be conducted to the low-order, so that the heat conduction cooperation between the internal heat conduction sleeve 9 and the external heat conduction sleeve 15 can be utilized to conduct the residual heat after pyrolysis in different stages to the space of the next pyrolysis stage, improving the pyrolysis efficiency in the whole device and reducing the pyrolysis energy consumption in different stages.

[0047] During the third-stage pyrolysis, the heat-sensitive plate 23 conducts the heat in the third-order heating cylinder 21 to the heat-sensitive pipe 24. Then, the gas at the bottom end of the heat-sensitive pipe 24 expands due to heat, squeezing the piston plate 27 upward. As a result, the piston plate 27 pushes the conductive liquid into the two branch pipes, turning on the circuit of the alarm 28 and sending out a warning of excessive temperature, monitoring and timely adjusting the temperature in the third-order heating cylinder 21 in real time. In this way, the heat-sensitive plate 23 can conduct the temperature condition in the third-order heating cylinder 21 in real time. By the thermal expansion of the gas, the piston plate 27 is squeezed upward to push the conductive liquid to turn on the circuit of the alarm 28, realizing the temperature monitoring and control in the third stage, and avoiding the oxidation or structural damage of the resin-based composite material due to high temperature.

[0048] During the second-stage pyrolysis, a large amount of volatile gases (such as CO, CH4, H2) are generated. They enter the second-order air flow ring in the cover 2 through the connecting filter ring 29 and then into the recovery pipe 31 for recovery as alternative energy, facilitating the different treatment of the decomposition products in different stages. During the pyrolysis process, according to the pyrolysis stage, the air pump in the nitrogen tank 32 is used to transport nitrogen to the main pipeline 33. When performing the first-stage pyrolysis, the valve of the main pipeline 33 is opened to introduce nitrogen into the first-order heating cylinder 1. When performing the second- and third-stage pyrolysis, the valves in the corresponding sub-pipelines 34 are opened respectively to introduce nitrogen into the second-order heating cylinder 14 and the third-order heating cylinder 21. In this way, by the coordinated opening of the main pipeline 33 and the sub-pipeline 34, according to the progress state of the pyrolysis stage, nitrogen is introduced into different pyrolysis spaces, ensuring better pyrolysis of the resin-based composite material in a nitrogen environment and avoiding oxidation.

[0049] The above is only a preferred specific embodiment of the present invention, but the protection scope of the present invention is not limited thereto. Any person skilled in the art within the technical scope disclosed by the present invention, according to the technical solution and inventive concept of the present invention, making equivalent replacements or changes, shall be covered by the protection scope of the present invention.

Claims

1. An efficient and safe pyrolysis device for resin-based composites, comprising a first-order heating cylinder (1) and a cover (2), characterized in that, The first - order heating cylinder (1) is successively provided with a second - order heating cylinder (14) and a third - order heating cylinder (21) from inside to outside. A spiral conveying assembly for conveying materials into the second - order heating cylinder (14) is arranged inside the first - order heating cylinder (1). An inner heat - conducting sleeve (9) is arranged outside the first - order heating cylinder (1). An outer heat - conducting sleeve (15) is arranged outside the second - order heating cylinder (14). A material - taking hole is formed on the outer side wall of the third - order heating cylinder (21), and an arc - shaped cover plate (22) is rotatably connected to the inner side wall of the material - taking hole. A heat - monitoring assembly is arranged on the arc - shaped cover plate (22). A first - order air - flow groove and a second - order air - flow ring are respectively formed inside the cover (2). The first - order air - flow groove is connected to a discharge pipe (30), and the second - order air - flow ring is connected to a recovery pipe (31). A nitrogen gas tank (32) is arranged outside the cover (2), and the nitrogen gas tank (32) is connected to a flow - splitting assembly for splitting nitrogen gas into different spaces.

2. An efficient and safe pyrolysis device for resin-based composites according to claim 1, characterized in that, The bottom end of the first - order heating cylinder (1) is fixedly connected to the bottom ends of the second - order heating cylinder (14) and the third - order heating cylinder (21) respectively through a base. The base is provided with a filter ring at the position of the second - order heating cylinder (14). The outer side wall of the bottom end of the third - order heating cylinder (21) is fixedly connected to an annular liquid storage tank (19). The annular liquid storage tank (19) communicates with the second - order heating cylinder (14) through the filter ring.

3. An efficient and safe pyrolysis device for resin-based composites according to claim 2, characterized in that, The bottom end of the annular liquid storage tank (19) is fixedly connected to a base (3). A plurality of hydraulic push rods (4) are fixedly connected to the top end of the base (3). The output end of the hydraulic push rod (4) is fixedly connected to a sealing plate (5) through a fixing plate.

4. An efficient and safe pyrolysis device for resin-based composites according to claim 3, characterized in that, A discharge hole and a recovery ring are formed on the sealing plate (5). The discharge hole is used to connect the first - order heating cylinder (1) with the first - order air - flow groove on the cover (2), and the recovery ring is used to connect the second - order heating cylinder (14) with the second - order air - flow ring on the cover (2). A connecting filter ring (29) is fixedly connected to the inner side wall of the second - order air - flow ring.

5. An efficient and safe pyrolysis device for resin-based composites according to claim 4, characterized in that, The spiral conveying assembly is composed of a driving motor (6) and a spiral conveyor (7). The output end of the driving motor (6) is rotatably connected to the spiral conveyor (7) through a rotating plate. The rotating plate is rotatably connected to the first - order heating cylinder (1). The outer side wall of the spiral conveyor (7) is rotatably connected to the inner side wall of the first - order heating cylinder (1).

6. An efficient and safe pyrolysis device for resin-based composites according to claim 1, characterized in that, A first - order heating layer (8) is arranged on the outer side wall of the first - order heating cylinder (1). The inner heat - conducting sleeve (9) is arranged on the outer side wall of the first - order heating layer (8). A plurality of inner heat - conducting grooves are formed on the inner heat - conducting sleeve (9). The inner side wall of the inner heat - conducting groove is rotatably connected to an inner heat - insulating plate (12) through a pin shaft. The inner heat - insulating plate (12) is fixedly connected to an inner adjusting gear (11) through a pin shaft. The inner adjusting gear (11) is externally meshed with an inner adjusting gear ring (10).

7. An efficient and safe pyrolysis device for resin-based composites according to claim 1, characterized in that, A second-order heating layer (13) is provided on the outer side wall of the inner heat conduction sleeve (9). The outer heat conduction sleeve (15) is arranged on the outer side wall of the second-order heating cylinder (14). A plurality of outer heat conduction grooves are formed in the outer heat conduction sleeve (15). The inner side wall of the outer heat conduction groove is rotatably connected to an outer heat insulation plate (18) through a pin shaft. The outer heat insulation plate (18) is fixedly connected to an outer adjustment gear (17) through a pin shaft. An outer adjustment gear ring (16) is meshed with the outer side of the outer adjustment gear (17).

8. An efficient and safe pyrolysis device for resin-based composites according to claim 1, characterized in that, The heat monitoring component is composed of a heat sensing plate (23), a piston plate (27) and an alarm (28). A third-order heating layer (20) is provided on the outer side wall of the outer heat conduction sleeve (15). A heat sensing pipe (24) is fixedly connected to the inner side wall of the arc-shaped cover plate (22) through the heat sensing plate (23). A hole plate (25) is fixedly connected to the inner side wall of the heat sensing pipe (24). The top end of the hole plate (25) is fixedly connected to the piston plate (27) through a return spring (26). A conductive liquid is arranged on the piston plate (27). The heat sensing pipe (24) is electrically connected to the positive and negative electrodes of the alarm (28) through two branch pipes.

9. An efficient and safe pyrolysis device for resin-based composites according to claim 1, characterized in that, The flow dividing component is composed of a main pipeline (33) and a plurality of sub-pipelines (34). The outer side wall of the nitrogen gas tank (32) is fixedly connected to the outer side wall of the third-order heating cylinder (21). The nitrogen gas tank (32) is communicated with the first-order air flow groove on the sealing cover (2) through the main pipeline (33). The main pipeline (33) is communicated with the second-order heating cylinder (14) and the third-order heating cylinder (21) respectively through a plurality of sub-pipelines (34). An air pump is arranged in the nitrogen gas tank (32).

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