Camshaft turning device and turning method based on ultrasonic assisted machining

Abstract

The present invention relates to the field of camshaft processing technology, and in particular to a camshaft turning device based on ultrasonic-assisted processing and a turning method thereof, comprising a turning table, a workbench provided on the top of the turning table, two sets of support slides symmetrically fixedly connected to the workbench, a feed motor provided on one side of the workbench, a threaded drive rod connected to the output end of the feed motor, a movable seat fixedly connected to the end of the threaded drive rod, a bottom of the movable seat slidingly connected to the support slide, a motor seat provided on one side of the top of the movable seat, a mounting seat fixedly connected to the outer wall of the motor seat. The device utilizes an ultrasonic generating unit to perform ultrasonic-assisted processing on the camshaft, the high-frequency vibration of the turning tool, the high-frequency impact and friction reduce the cutting resistance, avoid the problem of built-up edge caused by the constant contact between the tool and the workpiece, prevent the actual cutting edge shape of the tool from changing, ensure the processing dimensional accuracy, reduce the processing surface roughness, and improve the surface quality of the camshaft.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present invention relates to the technical field of camshaft machining, and in particular to a camshaft turning device and a turning method thereof based on ultrasonic-assisted machining. Background Art

[0002] In the field of machining, camshafts are key components of many mechanical devices, and their machining quality directly affects the performance and reliability of the equipment. With the continuous development of industrial technology, higher requirements are placed on the machining accuracy and efficiency of camshafts.

[0003] Existing turning devices, such as the one disclosed in CN 206122724 U, use an ultrasonic machine tool tool to cut a workpiece by vibrating the tool at high frequencies. However, this process involves constant contact between the tool and the workpiece, resulting in high cutting resistance. This leads to severe tool wear over extended periods, impacting machining continuity and accuracy. Furthermore, the inevitable formation of built-up edge (BUE) can alter the shape of the tool's cutting edge, making it difficult to maintain dimensional accuracy and increasing surface roughness, resulting in poor surface quality.

[0004] In addition, when using ultrasound to vibrate the cutting tool, the ultrasonic transducer cannot achieve adaptive resonance within a wide frequency range, and thus cannot monitor the phase difference at both ends of the ultrasonic transducer and adjust the frequency in time, so that the ultrasonic energy cannot be effectively transmitted to the tool, and the advantages of ultrasonic-assisted processing cannot be fully utilized. At the same time, there will be a large amount of energy waste in the processing process, such as the back electromotive force generated by the ultrasonic transducer and the energy loss of the motor during starting, stopping and speed adjustment, which are not effectively recovered and utilized, thereby increasing energy consumption costs and reducing overall production efficiency. Summary of the Invention

[0005] The purpose of the present invention is to solve the shortcomings of the prior art and to propose a camshaft turning device and a turning method based on ultrasonic assisted machining.

[0006] In order to achieve the above object, the present invention adopts the following technical solutions:

[0007] A camshaft turning device based on ultrasonic assisted machining comprises a turning table, a workbench is provided on the top of the turning table, two sets of supporting slide rails are symmetrically fixedly connected to the workbench, a feed motor is provided on both sides of the workbench, and a threaded drive rod is connected to the output end of the feed motor;

[0008] The end of the threaded drive rod is fixedly connected to a moving seat, the bottom of the moving seat is slidably connected to the supporting slide rail, a motor seat is provided on one side of the top of the moving seat, a mounting seat is fixedly connected to the outer wall of the motor seat, a displacement sensor is provided on the outer wall of the moving seat, and an ultrasonic generating unit is provided on the top of the turning table;

[0009] The ultrasonic generating unit includes ultrasonic generators located on both sides of the turning table, the output end of the ultrasonic generator is connected to an ultrasonic transducer through a connecting line, one end of the ultrasonic transducer is connected to an adaptive resonant drive unit, and the other end is connected to an energy recovery and collection unit. An electrical control box is provided on one side of the turning table, and a supercapacitor group and an MCU controller are respectively provided in the electrical control box.

[0010] Preferably, the adaptive resonant driving unit includes a signal generator, the output end of the signal generator is connected to a power amplification unit, the output end of the power amplification unit is connected to a Hall current sensor through a phase detection chip, and the output end of the Hall current sensor is connected to an MCU controller through an impedance matching network;

[0011] The energy recovery and collection unit includes a Schottky diode, which is connected to both ends of the ultrasonic transducer. The output end of the Schottky diode is connected to a back electromotive force collection unit, and the output end of the back electromotive force collection unit is connected to a supercapacitor group.

[0012] Preferably, a spindle motor is provided on the outer wall of the motor base, the output end of the spindle motor passes through the interior of the motor base and is connected to a drive shaft through a drive belt, the end of the drive shaft is connected to a variable amplitude rod, the output end of the variable amplitude rod is connected to a tool holder, the end of the tool holder is fixedly connected to a turning tool for turning the camshaft, and the end of the variable amplitude rod is connected to a vibration sensor.

[0013] Preferably, a support block is fixedly connected to the middle of the workbench, a placement slot is fixedly connected to the support block, a plurality of arc-shaped holes with different curvatures are opened in the placement slot, cleaning vibrators are fixedly connected to both sides of the inner wall of the placement slot, and temperature sensors are provided on both sides of the outer wall of the placement slot;

[0014] The output ends of the temperature sensor, displacement sensor, vibration sensor, and cutting force sensor are all connected to an adaptive feedback adjustment unit. The output end of the adaptive feedback adjustment unit is connected to an MCU controller. The MCU controller drives the threaded drive rod, drive belt, and amplitude rod in sequence through a DSP drive circuit.

[0015] Preferably, a fixing plate is fixedly connected to one side of the support block, an electric hydraulic rod is provided on one side of the fixing plate, an output end of the electric hydraulic rod is connected to a fixed shaft sleeve, and a position sensor is provided between the fixed shaft sleeve and the electric hydraulic rod.

[0016] Preferably, a chip collection box is provided on one side of the turning table, a collection port is provided on the top of the chip collection box, the collection port is communicated with the interior of the chip collection box, a filter plate is provided inside the collection port, the outer wall of the filter plate is fixedly connected to a clamping plate, a clamping groove matching the clamping plate is provided on the inner wall of the collection port, a material guide inclined plate is provided on one side of the turning table, a drainage hole is provided in the support block, and the drainage hole is communicated with the top of the material guide inclined plate.

[0017] Preferably, a cleaning liquid tank is provided on the outer wall of the chip collection box, the output end of the cleaning liquid tank is connected to a cleaning pipe, the cleaning pipe extends from one end away from the cleaning liquid tank to above the placement tank and is provided with a cleaning liquid nozzle, and a driving pump is provided at one end of the cleaning pipe close to the cleaning liquid tank.

[0018] Preferably, a rectangular groove is provided at the outer bottom of the chip box, a circulation pipe is provided in the rectangular groove, one end of the circulation pipe is connected to the interior of the chip box, and the other end extends to the interior of the cleaning liquid tank, and a circulation pump is provided at one end of the circulation pipe close to the cleaning liquid tank.

[0019] Preferably, the output ends of the spindle motor and the feed motor are both connected to a DC-DC converter, the output end of the DC-DC converter is connected to an energy management chip, the output end of the energy management chip is connected to a load distribution unit, and the end of the tool holder away from the turning tool is connected to a piezoelectric ceramic piece.

[0020] A camshaft turning method based on ultrasonic-assisted machining comprises the following steps:

[0021] Step S1: placing the camshaft to be turned into the arc-shaped hole on the placement slot in sequence, and sleeve the end portion into the fixed sleeve to complete the fixing of the camshaft;

[0022] Step S2: After the camshaft is fixed, the feed motors on both sides are used to move the movable seat to the two sides of the placement slot, and then the spindle motor is used to drive the drive belt and the drive shaft to rotate. When the drive shaft rotates, the turning tool is driven to rotate. At the same time, an ultrasonic generator is used to generate a high-frequency electrical signal. The ultrasonic transducer converts the high-frequency electrical signal output by the ultrasonic generator into mechanical vibration. The amplitude amplifier amplifies the vibration generated by the ultrasonic transducer to meet the amplitude requirements of the turning process. The camshaft is cut with the assistance of ultrasonic vibration.

[0023] Step S3: When using ultrasonic vibration assistance, the high-frequency signal generated by the DDS chip in the signal generator is amplified by the power amplifier unit and further drives the ultrasonic transducer. At the same time, the phase detection chip is used to monitor the voltage and current phase difference at both ends of the ultrasonic transducer. When the phase difference is not zero, the MCU controller adjusts the output frequency of the DDS chip according to the phase difference to make the phase difference close to zero, thereby achieving adaptive resonance of the circuit within a wide frequency range;

[0024] By pre-storing the optimal machining frequency and impedance matching parameters corresponding to different curvature sections of the camshaft, during the machining process, the curvature section currently being machined is determined based on the real-time position information of the camshaft. The MCU controller reads the corresponding parameters and adjusts the frequency of the signal generator and the impedance matching network, enabling ultrasonic-assisted machining to adapt to the requirements of different curvature sections of the camshaft.

[0025] Step S4: When turning different curvature sections of the camshaft, the cutting force, vibration, temperature, and displacement parameters of the camshaft during machining are collected in real time using displacement sensors, vibration sensors, cutting force sensors, and temperature sensors. In the rough turning stage, a larger cutting depth and feed rate are used, and the ultrasonic power is appropriately increased to reduce the cutting force and improve machining efficiency. In the fine turning stage, the cutting depth and feed rate are reduced, the cutting speed is increased, and the ultrasonic frequency is adjusted to improve the machined surface quality.

[0026] Step S5: During the turning process of the camshaft, the back electromotive force generated by the ultrasonic transducer is converted into direct current by the back electromotive force acquisition unit in the energy acquisition unit and transmitted to the supercapacitor bank. At this time, the energy management chip monitors the status of the supercapacitor bank in real time. When energy input is detected, storage and distribution are performed according to the charge status of the supercapacitor bank;

[0027] During the rough turning phase, the energy management chip prioritizes the distribution of stored energy to the ultrasonic generator and spindle motor, ensuring sufficient power for efficient machining of the camshaft. At this time, the DC-DC converter converts the stored energy into a voltage according to the operating voltage requirements of each component before supplying it.

[0028] During the finishing phase, the energy management chip adjusts the energy distribution strategy to provide stable energy support for the feed motor to ensure machining accuracy and a stable energy supply.

[0029] Step S6: After the camshaft turning is completed, the cleaning liquid in the cleaning liquid tank is sprayed out from the cleaning liquid nozzle through the cleaning pipe to flush and clean the camshaft surface. At the same time, the cleaning vibrator generates ultrasonic waves in the cleaning liquid to induce cavitation effect. The cleaned liquid is drawn into the chip collection box through the guide inclined plate, and the cleaning liquid is filtered through the collection port. The filtered cleaning liquid is returned to the cleaning liquid tank through the circulation pipe for recycling.

[0030] The beneficial effects of the present invention are:

[0031] The device uses an ultrasonic generating unit to perform ultrasonic-assisted processing on the camshaft. The high-frequency vibration, high-frequency impact and friction of the turning tool reduce the cutting resistance, avoid the built-up edge problem caused by the constant contact between the tool and the workpiece, prevent the actual cutting edge shape of the tool from changing, ensure the processing dimensional accuracy, reduce the processing surface roughness, and improve the surface quality of the camshaft; through the adaptive resonance drive unit, the power amplifier unit, the phase detection chip and the MCU controller work together to monitor the voltage and current phase difference of the ultrasonic transducer in real time. When the phase difference deviates from the resonance point, the MCU controller adjusts the output frequency of the DDS chip to achieve adaptive resonance within a wide frequency range, so that the ultrasonic energy can be effectively transmitted to the tool, giving full play to the advantages of ultrasonic-assisted processing and overcoming the disadvantage that the ultrasonic transducer cannot achieve adaptive resonance.

[0032] The device uses an energy recovery mechanism to collect and store the back electromotive force of the ultrasonic transducer, the regenerated electric energy of the spindle motor and feed motor, and the electric energy converted from the mechanical energy of the piezoelectric ceramic sheet on the tool holder. It also uses an energy management chip to uniformly manage energy collection, storage and distribution, allocates energy according to the actual processing stage, reduces energy consumption costs, solves the problem of energy waste, and improves the overall production efficiency of the camshaft.

[0033] The device uses a variety of sensors to collect signals in real time and processes them through an adaptive feedback adjustment unit. The MCU controller determines the processing status based on the signals and adjusts the spindle motor speed, feed motor feed amount and ultrasonic generator parameters in real time when an abnormality occurs, ensuring the safety and stability of the processing process and avoiding the impact of abnormal processing status on processing quality.

[0034] After the camshaft is turned, the device generates ultrasonic waves through the cleaning vibrator, which uses the ultrasonic cavitation effect to enhance the impact and stripping effect of debris, oil stains and other impurities on the camshaft surface. The cleaning fluid is recycled and the filter plate can be disassembled and cleaned separately, which not only improves the cleaning effect, but also saves resources and facilitates maintenance. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0035] Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of the overall structure of a camshaft turning device and turning method based on ultrasonic-assisted machining proposed by the present invention;

[0036] Figure 2 A schematic diagram of a top view of a turning table for a camshaft turning device and turning method based on ultrasonic-assisted machining proposed in the present invention;

[0037] Figure 3 The present invention proposes a camshaft turning device and turning method based on ultrasonic assisted machining Figure 2Schematic diagram of the structure at the enlarged point A;

[0038] Figure 4 This is a schematic diagram of the connection structure between the workbench and the placement groove of a camshaft turning device and turning method based on ultrasonic assisted machining proposed by the present invention;

[0039] Figure 5 This is a schematic diagram of the connection structure between the spindle motor and the turning tool of a camshaft turning device and turning method based on ultrasonic assisted machining proposed by the present invention;

[0040] Figure 6 A schematic diagram of the bottom structure of a chip box of a camshaft turning device and turning method based on ultrasonic-assisted machining proposed by the present invention;

[0041] Figure 7 This is a schematic diagram of the electric control box structure of a camshaft turning device and turning method based on ultrasonic assisted machining proposed by the present invention;

[0042] Figure 8 This is a schematic diagram of the filter plate structure of a camshaft turning device and turning method based on ultrasonic assisted machining proposed by the present invention;

[0043] Figure 9 This is a schematic diagram of the adaptive feedback adjustment unit of a camshaft turning device and turning method based on ultrasonic-assisted machining proposed by the present invention;

[0044] Figure 10 This is a schematic diagram of the adaptive resonant drive unit of a camshaft turning device and turning method based on ultrasonic-assisted machining proposed by the present invention;

[0045] Figure 11 This is a schematic diagram of the energy recovery and collection unit of a camshaft turning device based on ultrasonic-assisted machining and a turning method thereof proposed in the present invention.

[0046] In the picture:

[0047] 1. Turning table; 2. Workbench; 201. Support rail; 202. Feed motor; 203. Threaded drive rod; 204. Moving seat; 205. Motor seat; 206. Mounting seat; 207. Displacement sensor; 3. Ultrasonic generator; 301. Connecting wire; 302. Ultrasonic transducer; 303. Signal generator; 304. Hall current sensor; 305. Schottky diode; 4. Electric control box; 401. Supercapacitor pack; 402. MCU controller; 5. Spindle motor; 501. Drive belt; 502. Drive shaft; 503. Amplitude transformer; 504. Tool holder; 505. Turning tool Tools; 506, vibration sensor; 507, cutting force sensor; 6, support block; 601, placement groove; 602, arc hole; 603, cleaning vibrator; 604, temperature sensor; 7, fixing plate; 701, electric hydraulic rod; 702, fixed shaft sleeve; 8, chip collection box; 801, collection port; 802, filter plate; 803, clamping plate; 804, material guide inclined plate; 9, cleaning liquid tank; 901, cleaning pipe; 902, cleaning liquid nozzle; 903, driving pump; 10, rectangular groove; 1001, circulation pipe; 1002, circulation pump; 11, DC-DC converter; 12, piezoelectric ceramic sheet. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0048] The technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below in conjunction with the drawings in the embodiments of the present invention. Obviously, the described embodiments are only part of the embodiments of the present invention, rather than all the embodiments.

[0049] The contents not described in detail in this specification belong to the prior art known to those skilled in the art.

[0050] The standard parts used in the present invention can all be purchased from the market, and special-shaped parts can be customized according to the description in the specification and the drawings. The specific connection methods of each part adopt conventional means such as mature bolts, rivets, welding, etc. in the existing technology. The machinery, parts and equipment all adopt conventional models in the existing technology, and the circuit connection adopts the conventional connection method in the existing technology, which will not be described in detail here.

[0051] Example 1:

[0052] Reference Figures 1-11 A camshaft turning device based on ultrasonic assisted machining includes a turning table 1, a workbench 2 is provided on the top of the turning table 1, two sets of supporting slide rails 201 are symmetrically fixedly connected to the workbench 2, a feed motor 202 is provided on both sides of the workbench 2, and a threaded drive rod 203 is connected to the output end of the feed motor 202;

[0053] The end of the threaded drive rod 203 is fixedly connected to a moving seat 204, the bottom of the moving seat 204 is slidably connected to the support slide rail 201, a motor seat 205 is provided on one side of the top of the moving seat 204, the outer wall of the motor seat 205 is fixedly connected to the mounting seat 206, the outer wall of the moving seat 204 is provided with a displacement sensor 207, and the top of the turning table 1 is provided with an ultrasonic generating unit;

[0054] The ultrasonic generating unit includes an ultrasonic generator 3 located on both sides of the turning table 1. The output end of the ultrasonic generator 3 is connected to the ultrasonic transducer 302 through a connecting line 301. One end of the ultrasonic transducer 302 is connected to an adaptive resonant drive unit, and the other end is connected to an energy recovery and collection unit. An electrical control box 4 is provided on one side of the turning table 1, and a supercapacitor group 401 and an MCU controller 402 are respectively provided in the electrical control box 4.

[0055] The adaptive resonant drive unit includes a signal generator 303, the output end of the signal generator 303 is connected to the power amplifier unit, the output end of the power amplifier unit is connected to the Hall current sensor 304 through the phase detection chip, and the output end of the Hall current sensor 304 is connected to the MCU controller 402 through the impedance matching network;

[0056] The power amplification unit includes a DDS chip in the signal generator 303. One end of the DDS chip is connected to the ultrasonic transducer 302, and the other end is connected to a capacitor C8. One end of the capacitor C8 is connected to a transistor Q1. The collector of the transistor Q1 is connected to a resistor R9. One end of the resistor R9 is connected to a fuse F2. The emitter of the transistor Q1 is connected to a potentiometer Rp3. The output end of the potentiometer Rp3 is connected to a resistor R10. One end of the resistor R10 is connected to a fuse F1. A power supply is connected between fuses F1 and F2. The output end of the power supply is connected to the phase detection chip.

[0057] One end of the potentiometer Rp3 is also connected to the transistor Q2, the base of the transistor Q2 is connected to the resistor R12, the output end of the resistor R12 is connected in parallel with the resistor R11 and then connected to the DDS chip, the base of the transistor Q2 is also connected to the resistor R13, one end of the resistor R13 is connected to the capacitor C11, both ends of the capacitor C11 are connected in parallel with the resistor R23 and then grounded, the transistor Q6 is connected between the transistor Q2 and the resistor R11, the base and collector of the transistor Q6 are connected in parallel with the capacitor C9, and the capacitor C9 is connected in parallel with the base and collector of the transistor Q6. One end is connected to a resistor R15, one end of the resistor R15 is connected to a transistor Q3, the emitter of the transistor Q3 is connected to a resistor R16, the base of the transistor Q3 is connected to a transistor Q4, the emitter of the transistor Q4 is connected to a resistor R17, the collector of the transistor Q4 is connected to a resistor R19, one end of the resistor R19 is connected to a transistor Q5, the emitter of the transistor Q5 is connected to a resistor R18, and the resistor R18 is connected in parallel with the resistors R17 and R16 in sequence and then connected to the output end of the resistor R10;

[0058] The collector of the transistor Q4 is also connected to a potentiometer Rt4, the output end of the potentiometer Rt4 is connected to the transistor Q7, a capacitor C10 is connected in series between the potentiometer Rt4 and the transistor Q7, the output end of the capacitor C10 is connected to the base of the transistor Q1, the emitters of the transistors Q6 and Q7 are connected to a resistor R14, the output end of the resistor R14 is connected to the resistor R9, a resistor R21 is connected between the transistor Q7 and the potentiometer Rt4, the output end of the resistor R21 is connected to the transistor Q8, the base of the transistor Q8 is connected to a resistor R22, one end of the resistor R22 is connected to a resistor R20, one end of the resistor R20 is connected to the base of the transistor Q5, and the emitter of the transistor Q8 is connected to the resistor R14.

[0059] The energy recovery and collection unit includes a Schottky diode 305 , which is connected to both ends of the ultrasonic transducer 302 . The output end of the Schottky diode 305 is connected to a back electromotive force collection unit, and the output end of the back electromotive force collection unit is connected to the supercapacitor group 401 .

[0060] The back electromotive force acquisition unit includes a resistor R24 ​​connected to both ends of the Schottky diode 305, the resistor R24 ​​and the Schottky diode 305 form a series circuit, and one end of the series circuit is connected to a resistor R25, and the other end is connected to an electrolytic capacitor Ct1, the two ends of the electrolytic capacitor Ct1 are connected in sequence to an inductor L1 and an inductor L2, the output ends of the inductor L1 and the inductor L2 are connected to an electrolytic capacitor Ct2, the electrolytic capacitor Ct2 is connected in sequence with the electrolytic capacitor Ct1, the inductor L1, and the inductor L2 to form a series circuit and then grounded, the output end of the series circuit is connected to a resistor R26, the two ends of the resistor R26 are connected to a capacitor C12, the output end of the resistor R26 is connected to a resistor R27, the output end of the resistor R27 is connected to a rectifier diode D5, and the output end of the rectifier diode D5 and the capacitor C12 is connected to a transformer T1;

[0061] The output end of the transformer T1 is connected to a freewheeling diode D6, the cathode of the freewheeling diode D6 is connected to a resistor R31, the output end of the resistor R31 is connected to an electrolytic capacitor Ct3, the negative electrode of the electrolytic capacitor Ct3 is grounded, the output end of the resistor R31 is also connected to the management chip U2, the second pin of the management chip U2 is grounded, the third pin is connected to the positive electrode of the freewheeling diode D6 and is connected to the resistor R32, both ends of the resistor R32 are connected in parallel with the capacitor C13, the negative electrode of the resistor R32 is grounded, the fourth pin is grounded through the resistor R33, the fifth pin is connected in parallel with the sixth, seventh, and eighth pins in sequence and then connected to the transformer T1, the positive electrode of the freewheeling diode D6 is also connected to the capacitor C14, and the negative electrode of the capacitor C14 is grounded;

[0062] The output end of transformer T1 is also connected to a clamping diode D7, with resistor R28 and capacitor C15 connected in parallel across the two ends of the clamping diode D7. The output end of the clamping diode D7 is connected to an electrolytic capacitor Ct4. One end of the electrolytic capacitor Ct4 is connected to the three primary color tubes RGB through resistor R29, and the other end is connected to resistor R30. The output end of resistor R30 is connected to a transistor Q9. The emitter of transistor Q9 is grounded, and the collector is connected to a Zener diode D8. The cathode of Zener diode D8 is grounded through capacitor C16. The two ends of Zener diode D8 are connected to a buzzer H1, and the output end of buzzer H1 is connected to the supercapacitor group 401.

[0063] A spindle motor 5 is provided on the outer wall of the motor base 205. The output end of the spindle motor 5 passes through the interior of the motor base 205 and is connected to a drive shaft 502 through a drive belt 501. The end of the drive shaft 502 is connected to a variable amplitude rod 503. The output end of the variable amplitude rod 503 is connected to a tool holder 504. The end of the tool holder 504 is fixedly connected to a turning tool 505 for turning the camshaft. The end of the variable amplitude rod 503 is connected to a vibration sensor 506.

[0064] A support block 6 is fixedly connected to the middle of the workbench 2, and a placement groove 601 is fixedly connected to the support block 6. A plurality of arc-shaped holes 602 with different curvatures are opened in the placement groove 601. Cleaning vibrators 603 are fixedly connected to both sides of the inner wall of the placement groove 601, and temperature sensors 604 are set on both sides of the outer wall of the placement groove 601.

[0065] The output ends of the temperature sensor 604, displacement sensor 207, vibration sensor 506, and cutting force sensor 507 are all connected to an adaptive feedback adjustment unit. The output end of the adaptive feedback adjustment unit is connected to the MCU controller 402. The MCU controller 402 drives the threaded drive rod 203, the drive belt 501, and the amplitude rod 503 to operate in sequence through the DSP drive circuit.

[0066] The adaptive feedback adjustment unit includes a resistor R1 and a resistor R2 connected to the output ends of the temperature sensor 604, the displacement sensor 207, the vibration sensor 506, and the cutting force sensor 507. The output ends of the resistor R1 and the resistor R2 are connected to a diode D1, and the two ends of the diode D1 are connected in parallel with a diode D2. The two ends of the diode D2 are connected to a capacitor C2, one end of the capacitor C2 is connected to a capacitor C1, the two ends of the capacitor C1 are connected to a resistor R3 and then to ground, the other end of the capacitor C2 is connected to a capacitor C3, and the capacitor C3 is connected to a resistor R4 and then to ground. The capacitor C3 is connected to the capacitor C2, the capacitor C1, the resistor R1, and the resistor R2 in sequence to form a low-pass filter circuit to resist radio frequency interference;

[0067] The output end of the low-pass filter circuit is connected to an operational amplifier U1, and a resistor R5 and a potentiometer Rp1 are connected between the first and eighth pins of the operational amplifier U1 in sequence. The fourth pin of the operational amplifier U1 is connected to a capacitor C4, the negative electrode of the capacitor C4 is grounded, one end of the capacitor C4 is connected to a resistor R6, one end of the resistor R6 is connected to a potentiometer Rp2, the output end of the potentiometer Rp2 is connected to the power supply terminal VCC through a resistor R7, the output end of the potentiometer Rp2 is also connected to the fifth pin of the operational amplifier U1 and grounded through the capacitor C6, the sixth pin of the operational amplifier U1 is connected to a resistor R8, the output end of the resistor R8 is connected to a diode D3, both ends of the diode D3 are connected to a diode D4, both ends of the diode D4 are connected to a capacitor C7, the negative electrode of the capacitor C7 is grounded, and both ends of the capacitor C7 are connected to a galvanometer, and the seventh pin of the operational amplifier U1 is connected to a capacitor C5, the positive electrode of the capacitor C5 is connected to the power supply terminal VCC, and the negative electrode is grounded.

[0068] One side of the support block 6 is fixedly connected to a fixed plate 7 , one side of the fixed plate 7 is provided with an electric hydraulic rod 701 , the output end of the electric hydraulic rod 701 is connected to a fixed shaft sleeve 702 , and a position sensor is provided between the fixed shaft sleeve 702 and the electric hydraulic rod 701 .

[0069] The output ends of the spindle motor 5 and the feed motor 202 are both connected to a DC-DC converter 11, the output end of the DC-DC converter 11 is connected to an energy management chip, the output end of the energy management chip is connected to a load distribution unit, and the end of the tool holder 504 away from the turning tool 505 is connected to a piezoelectric ceramic piece 12.

[0070] In this embodiment, when turning the camshaft, the camshaft journal is first sleeved in the fixed sleeve 702, and the cams are sequentially placed in the arc-shaped holes 602 with different curvatures to complete the fixation of the camshaft. Then, the feed motors 202 on both sides are started. When the feed motors 202 are running, they drive the threaded drive rods 203 to rotate. When the threaded drive rods 203 rotate, the moving seat 204 is driven to move toward the middle through the action of the threads. When the moving seat 204 moves, it drives the motor seat 205 and the turning tool 505 thereon to move until they move to both sides of the camshaft.

[0071] Furthermore, the spindle motor 5 is started at this time. When the spindle motor 5 is running, the drive shaft 502 is driven to rotate through the drive belt 501. When the drive shaft 502 rotates, the tool holder 504 is driven to rotate. When the tool holder 504 rotates, the turning tool 505 is driven to rotate, so that when the turning tool 505 rotates, the surface of the camshaft can be turned. At the same time, when the turning tool 505 rotates, the ultrasonic generators 3 on both sides are started. When the ultrasonic generator 3 is running, a high-frequency electrical signal is generated, and then the ultrasonic transducer 302 is driven to convert electrical energy into mechanical energy and generate ultrasonic frequency vibration. Then the amplitude rod 503 amplifies the vibration and transmits it to the turning tool 505, so that the turning tool 505 turns the camshaft in a high-frequency vibration manner. During the cutting process, due to the high-frequency impact and friction between the turning tool 505 and the camshaft workpiece, the cutting resistance between the materials can be reduced, and the processing accuracy and surface quality can be improved.

[0072] Furthermore, when the ultrasonic transducer 302 is used to assist in turning the camshaft, the high-frequency signal generated by the ultrasonic transducer 302 during operation is transmitted to the power amplifier unit through the DDS chip in the signal generator 303. At this time, the transistor Q1 in the power amplifier unit receives the AC input signal, and the transistor Q2 receives the feedback signal. Then, the AC signal is coupled to the base of the transistor Q1 through the capacitor C8, and the feedback signal is introduced into the base of the transistor Q2 through the resistors R12 and R13. Then, the potentiometer Rt4 is used to adjust the signal. Output, at this time the output of transistor Q1 is fed to the input of transistor Q2. When the input voltage exceeds the feedback voltage, the voltages input to transistors Q6 and Q7 change simultaneously. Then, through the current mirror circuit composed of transistors Q3 and Q4, a constant current is maintained flowing through the common point of the emitter terminals of transistors Q6 and Q7. Then, the current mirror circuit generates an output current equal to the collector current of transistor Q6. Through potentiometer Rt4, each part can receive an appropriate DC bias, thereby improving power conversion efficiency and reducing energy loss. The amplified output signal is then transmitted to the phase detection chip. The phase detection chip monitors the voltage and current phase difference of the ultrasonic transducer 302 in real time and transmits the signal to the MCU controller 402. Based on the received phase difference signal, the MCU controller 402 determines whether the frequency needs to be adjusted. If the phase difference deviates from the resonance point, the MCU controller 402 calculates the frequency adjustment amount and sends a control instruction to the DDS chip to adjust the output frequency until the phase difference approaches zero, thereby achieving adaptive resonance of the circuit over a wide frequency range. When the camshaft is being turned, the position sensor at the fixed sleeve 702 is used to obtain real-time position information of the camshaft. The Hall current sensor 304 is used to detect the current passing through the ultrasonic transducer 302, providing a feedback signal to the MCU controller 402. The MCU controller 402 then determines the curvature segment of the current camshaft being processed and, based on pre-stored parameters, switches the capacitor combination in the impedance matching network to adjust the circuit impedance matching while adjusting the frequency of the DDS chip to accommodate the processing requirements of different curvature segments of the camshaft.

[0073] Furthermore, when turning is performed on different curvature sections of the camshaft, the displacement sensor 207 is used to measure the displacement of the turning tool 505 in real time, the vibration sensor 506 monitors the vibration during turning, the cutting force sensor 507 measures the cutting force during turning, and the temperature sensor 604 measures the surface temperature of the camshaft during processing. Then, the displacement sensor 207, the vibration sensor 506, the cutting force sensor 507 and the temperature sensor 604 successively transmit the collected signals to the adaptive feedback adjustment unit. When the signal is transmitted to the low-pass filter, the low-pass filter removes the high-frequency noise interference in the signal. Then, the processed signal is transmitted to the operational amplifier U1. At this time, the operational amplifier U1 amplifies the weak signal input by the sensor and increases the amplitude of the signal, so that the processed signal becomes more stable and accurate, which is convenient for subsequent analysis and processing. The potentiometers Rp1 and Rp2 can be used to adjust the amplification factor of the operational amplifier U1. The number can flexibly change the degree of signal amplification. When the input signal voltage is too high, diodes D3 and D4 are turned on, clamping the excessive voltage within a certain range. The real-time charge of each sensor can then be detected in real time by the galvanometer. The MCU controller 402 then determines whether the current machining state is normal based on the processed charge signal. If the machining state is abnormal (such as excessive cutting force or severe vibration), the MCU controller 402 controls the DSP drive circuit to adjust the speed of the spindle motor 5, the feed rate of the feed motor 202, and the power and frequency of the ultrasonic generator 3 in real time, thereby reducing the cutting speed, reducing the feed rate, or adjusting the ultrasonic parameters to ensure the safety and stability of the machining process. At the same time, in the rough turning stage, a larger cutting depth and feed rate are adopted, and the ultrasonic power is appropriately increased to reduce the cutting force, thereby improving the machining efficiency; in the fine turning stage, the cutting depth and feed rate are reduced, the cutting speed is increased, and the ultrasonic frequency is adjusted to improve the machining surface quality.

[0074] Furthermore, when the ultrasonic transducer 302 is used to assist in vibration turning of the camshaft, the ultrasonic transducer 302 can not only convert electrical energy into mechanical energy for processing, but also generate back electromotive force in the negative half-cycle of its vibration. At this time, the back electromotive force in the form of AC generated by the ultrasonic transducer 302 is rectified by the Schottky diode 305 connected at both ends of the ultrasonic transducer 302, and converted into DC. The DC signal is then filtered by the inductors L1 and L2, and the harmonics are suppressed to smooth the current, reduce current fluctuations, and make the current output more stable. The current signal is then converted into a current level suitable for the subsequent circuit operation by the transformer T1, and amplified by the transistor Q9. The amplified signal then flows through the supercapacitor group 401 and is collected. At the same time, the spindle motor 5 and the feed motor 20 During deceleration or braking, due to its inertia, it is in a power generation state, thereby generating regenerative electrical energy. This regenerative electrical energy is collected by the DC-DC converter 11 at its output end and converted into a voltage level suitable for energy storage. When the tool holder 504 vibrates with the turning tool 505, the piezoelectric ceramic piece 12 at one end thereof generates a piezoelectric effect, thereby converting mechanical energy into electrical energy. The signal generated by the piezoelectric ceramic piece 12 is amplified and rectified and then enters the supercapacitor group 401 for storage. The energy management chip is then used to monitor the voltage, current, and power parameters of the supercapacitor group 401. When the three primary color tubes RGB in the back electromotive force collection unit flash in sequence, the buzzer H1 emits a short prompt sound, thereby notifying the energy management chip that energy is being input. Subsequently, energy collection, storage, and distribution can be uniformly managed.

[0075] During the different stages of turning the camshaft, the energy management chip controls the load distribution unit to distribute energy according to the power requirements of each component in different working stages. In the rough turning stage, the load distribution unit preferentially distributes the stored energy to the spindle motor 5 and the ultrasonic generator 3 to ensure that they have sufficient power for efficient processing. At this time, the DC-DC converter 11 converts the stored energy into voltage and supplies it according to the working voltage requirements of each component. In the fine turning stage, the load distribution unit adjusts the energy distribution strategy, focusing on providing stable energy support for the feed motor 202 to ensure processing accuracy. When the camshaft turning is completed, the energy management chip stops the back electromotive force acquisition unit and monitors and manages the supercapacitor group 401.

[0076] Example 2:

[0077] Reference Figures 1-8On the basis of Example 1, a technical solution for a camshaft turning device based on ultrasonic assisted processing is provided, including a chip collection box 8 provided on one side of the turning processing table 1, a collection port 801 provided on the top of the chip collection box 8, the collection port 801 is connected to the interior of the chip collection box 8, a filter plate 802 is provided inside the collection port 801, the outer wall of the filter plate 802 is fixedly connected to a clamping plate 803, the inner wall of the collection port 801 is provided with a clamping groove matching the clamping plate 803, a material guide inclined plate 804 is provided on one side of the turning processing table 1, a drainage hole is provided in the support block 6, and the drainage hole is connected to the top of the material guide inclined plate 804.

[0078] A cleaning liquid tank 9 is provided on the outer wall of the chip collecting box 8, and the output end of the cleaning liquid tank 9 is connected to a cleaning pipe 901. The end of the cleaning pipe 901 away from the cleaning liquid tank 9 extends to the top of the placement groove 601 and is provided with a cleaning liquid nozzle 902. A driving pump 903 is provided at the end of the cleaning pipe 901 close to the cleaning liquid tank 9.

[0079] A rectangular groove 10 is provided at the outer bottom of the chip box 8, and a circulation pipe 1001 is provided in the rectangular groove 10. One end of the circulation pipe 1001 is connected to the interior of the chip box 8, and the other end extends to the interior of the cleaning liquid tank 9. A circulation pump 1002 is provided at the end of the circulation pipe 1001 close to the cleaning liquid tank 9.

[0080] In this embodiment, when the turning process of the camshaft is completed, the driving pump 903 is started. When the driving pump 903 is running, the cleaning liquid in the cleaning liquid tank 9 flows out through the cleaning pipe 901 and is sprayed from the cleaning liquid nozzle 902 to the camshaft in the placement groove 601, so that the debris on the surface of the camshaft can be flushed. At the same time, the cleaning vibrator 603 generates ultrasonic waves in the cleaning liquid. When ultrasonic waves propagate in the liquid, the liquid molecules change in density with the vibration of ultrasonic waves. The liquid pressure decreases in sparse areas and tiny bubbles are formed; the liquid pressure increases in dense areas and the bubbles close quickly. When the bubbles close, the strong shock wave generated has an impact and peeling effect on impurities such as debris, oil stains and residual cutting fluid on the surface of the camshaft, thereby enhancing the cleaning effect of the camshaft.

[0081] Furthermore, when the cleaning liquid and debris after cleaning are drawn down onto the inlet inclined plate 804 through the drainage hole, and then drawn down into the chip collection box 8 through the collection port 801 by gravity, when the cleaning liquid flows through the collection port 801, the impurities and debris mixed in the cleaning liquid are filtered through the filter plate 802 at its end. After the filtration is completed, the circulation pump 1002 at the bottom of the chip collection box 8 is started. When the circulation pump 1002 is running, the cleaning liquid in the chip collection box 8 is refluxed to the cleaning liquid tank 9 through the circulation pipe 1001, thereby achieving the effect of recycling the cleaning liquid. When the cleaning is completed, the filter plate 803 side can be detached from the card slot of the collection port 801, thereby achieving the purpose of cleaning the filter plate 803 separately.

[0082] Example 3:

[0083] Reference Figures 1-11 Based on the first embodiment, a camshaft turning method and a technical solution based on ultrasonic assisted machining are provided, comprising the following steps:

[0084] Step S1: The camshaft to be turned is sequentially placed in the arc-shaped hole 602 on the placement groove 601, and the end portion is sleeved in the fixed sleeve 702 to complete the fixing of the camshaft;

[0085] Step S2: After the camshaft is fixed, the feed motors 202 on both sides are used to move the movable seat 204 to the two sides of the placement slot 601, and then the spindle motor 5 is used to drive the drive belt 501 and the drive shaft 502 to rotate. When the drive shaft 502 rotates, the turning tool 505 is driven to rotate. At the same time, the ultrasonic generator 3 is used to generate a high-frequency electrical signal. The ultrasonic transducer 302 converts the high-frequency electrical signal output by the ultrasonic generator 3 into mechanical vibration. The amplitude transformer 503 amplifies the vibration generated by the ultrasonic transducer 302 to meet the amplitude requirements of the turning process. The camshaft is cut with the assistance of ultrasonic vibration.

[0086] Step S3: When using ultrasonic vibration assistance, the high-frequency signal generated by the DDS chip in the signal generator 303 is amplified by the power amplifier unit and further drives the ultrasonic transducer 302. At the same time, the phase detection chip is used to monitor the voltage and current phase difference across the ultrasonic transducer 302. When the phase difference is not zero, the MCU controller 402 adjusts the output frequency of the DDS chip according to the phase difference to make the phase difference approach zero, thereby achieving adaptive resonance of the circuit within a wide frequency range.

[0087] By pre-storing the optimal machining frequency and impedance matching parameters corresponding to different curvature sections of the camshaft, during the machining process, the curvature section currently being machined is determined based on the real-time position information of the camshaft. The MCU controller 402 reads the corresponding parameters and adjusts the frequency and impedance matching network of the signal generator 303, so that ultrasonic-assisted machining can adapt to the requirements of different curvature sections of the camshaft.

[0088] Step S4: When turning different curvature sections of the camshaft, the displacement sensor 207, the vibration sensor 506, the cutting force sensor 507, and the temperature sensor 604 are used to collect the cutting force, vibration, temperature, and displacement parameters of the camshaft in real time during machining. In the rough turning stage, a larger cutting depth and feed rate are used, and the ultrasonic power is appropriately increased to reduce the cutting force and improve machining efficiency. In the fine turning stage, the cutting depth and feed rate are reduced, the cutting speed is increased, and the ultrasonic frequency is adjusted to improve the machined surface quality.

[0089] Step S5: During the turning process of the camshaft, the back electromotive force generated by the ultrasonic transducer 302 is converted into direct current by the back electromotive force acquisition unit in the energy acquisition unit and transmitted to the supercapacitor bank 401. At this time, the energy management chip monitors the status of the supercapacitor bank 401 in real time. When energy input is detected, storage and distribution are performed according to the amount of energy in the supercapacitor bank 401.

[0090] During the rough turning phase, the energy management chip preferentially distributes the stored energy to the ultrasonic generator 3 and the spindle motor 5, ensuring sufficient power for efficient machining of the camshaft. At this time, the DC-DC converter 11 converts the stored energy into a voltage according to the operating voltage requirements of each component and then supplies it.

[0091] During the finishing phase, the energy management chip adjusts the energy distribution strategy to provide stable energy support to the feed motor 202 to ensure machining accuracy and a stable energy supply.

[0092] Step S6: After the camshaft turning is completed, the cleaning liquid in the cleaning liquid tank 9 is sprayed out from the cleaning liquid nozzle 902 through the cleaning pipe 901 to flush and clean the camshaft surface. At the same time, the cleaning vibrator 603 generates ultrasonic waves in the cleaning liquid to induce cavitation effect. The cleaned liquid is drawn into the chip collection box 8 through the guide inclined plate 804, and the cleaning liquid is filtered using the collection port 801. The filtered cleaning liquid is returned to the cleaning liquid tank 9 through the circulation pipe 1001 for recycling.

[0093] In the description of the present invention, it should be understood that the terms "center", "longitudinal", "lateral", "length", "width", "thickness", "up", "down", "front", "back", "left", "right", "vertical", "horizontal", "top", "bottom", "inside", "outside", "clockwise", "counterclockwise" and the like to indicate orientations or positional relationships based on the orientations or positional relationships shown in the accompanying drawings, and are only for the convenience of describing the present invention and simplifying the description, rather than indicating or implying that the device or element referred to must have a specific orientation, be constructed and operated in a specific orientation, and therefore should not be understood as limiting the present invention.

[0094] Furthermore, the terms "first" and "second" are used for descriptive purposes only and should not be construed as indicating or implying relative importance or implicitly specifying the number of the technical features being referred to. Thus, a feature defined as "first" or "second" may explicitly or implicitly include one or more of such features. In the description of the present invention, "plurality" means two or more, unless otherwise specifically defined.

[0095] The above description is only a preferred specific embodiment of the present invention, but the scope of protection of the present invention is not limited thereto. Any technician familiar with the technical field, within the technical scope disclosed by the present invention, who makes equivalent replacements or changes based on the technical solution and inventive concept of the present invention, should be covered by the scope of protection of the present invention.

Claims

1. A camshaft turning method based on ultrasonic assisted machining, characterized in that: The following steps are involved: Step S1: placing the camshaft to be turned in the arc-shaped hole (602) on the placement groove (601) in sequence, and sleeve the end portion in the fixed sleeve (702) to complete the fixing of the camshaft; Step S2: After the camshaft is fixed, the feed motors (202) on both sides are used to move the movable seat (204) to both sides of the placement groove (601), and then the spindle motor (5) is used to drive the drive belt (501) and the drive shaft (502) to rotate. When the drive shaft (502) rotates, the turning tool (505) is driven to rotate. At the same time, the ultrasonic generator (3) is used to generate a high-frequency electrical signal. The ultrasonic transducer (302) converts the high-frequency electrical signal output by the ultrasonic generator (3) into mechanical vibration. The amplitude rod (503) amplifies the vibration generated by the ultrasonic transducer (302) to meet the amplitude requirement of the turning process, and the camshaft is cut with the assistance of ultrasonic vibration. Step S3: When ultrasonic vibration is used as an aid, a high-frequency signal generated by the DDS chip in the signal generator (303) is amplified by the power amplifier unit and further drives the ultrasonic transducer (302). At the same time, a phase detection chip is used to monitor the voltage and current phase difference at both ends of the ultrasonic transducer (302). When the phase difference is not zero, the MCU controller (402) adjusts the output frequency of the DDS chip according to the phase difference so that the phase difference approaches zero, thereby realizing adaptive resonance of the circuit within a wide frequency range. By pre-storing the optimal processing frequency and impedance matching parameters corresponding to different curvature sections of the camshaft, during the processing, the curvature section currently being processed is determined based on the real-time position information of the camshaft, the MCU controller (402) reads the corresponding parameters, and adjusts the frequency and impedance matching network of the signal generator (303), so that the ultrasonic-assisted processing can adapt to the requirements of different curvature sections of the camshaft; Step S4: When turning different curvature sections of the camshaft, the displacement sensor (207), the vibration sensor (506), the cutting force sensor (507) and the temperature sensor (604) are used to collect the cutting force, vibration, temperature and displacement parameters of the camshaft in real time during machining. In the rough turning stage, a larger cutting depth and feed rate are used and the ultrasonic power is appropriately increased to reduce the cutting force and improve the machining efficiency. In the fine turning stage, the cutting depth and feed rate are reduced, the cutting speed is increased and the ultrasonic frequency is adjusted to improve the machining surface quality. Step S5: During the turning process of the camshaft, the back electromotive force generated by the ultrasonic transducer (302) is converted into direct current by using the back electromotive force acquisition unit in the energy acquisition unit, and the direct current is transmitted to the supercapacitor group (401). At this time, the energy management chip monitors the state of the supercapacitor group (401) in real time. The energy management chip monitors the voltage, current, power and other parameters of the supercapacitor group (401). When the three primary color tubes RGB in the back electromotive force acquisition unit flash in sequence, the buzzer H1 emits a short prompt sound. When energy input is detected, storage and distribution are performed according to the power status of the supercapacitor group (401); During the rough turning stage, the energy management chip allocates the stored energy to the ultrasonic generator (3) and the spindle motor (5) first, ensuring that there is sufficient power to efficiently process the camshaft. At this time, the DC-DC converter (11) converts the stored energy into voltage according to the operating voltage requirements of each component and then supplies it. During the finishing phase, the energy management chip adjusts the energy distribution strategy to provide stable energy support for the feed motor (202) to ensure machining accuracy and a stable energy supply; Step S6: After the camshaft turning is completed, the cleaning liquid in the cleaning liquid tank (9) is sprayed out from the cleaning liquid nozzle (902) through the cleaning pipe (901) to flush and clean the camshaft surface. At the same time, the cleaning vibrator (603) generates ultrasonic waves in the cleaning liquid to induce cavitation effect. The cleaned liquid is guided into the chip collection box (8) through the guide inclined plate (804). The cleaning liquid is filtered using the collection port (801). The filtered cleaning liquid is returned to the cleaning liquid tank (9) through the circulation pipe (1001) for recycling.

2. A camshaft turning device based on ultrasonic assisted machining, based on the camshaft turning method based on ultrasonic assisted machining according to claim 1, characterized in that: The invention comprises a turning table (1), wherein a workbench (2) is provided on the top of the turning table (1), two sets of supporting slide rails (201) are symmetrically fixedly connected to the workbench (2), a feed motor (202) is provided on both sides of the workbench (2), and the output end of the feed motor (202) is connected to a threaded drive rod (203); The end of the threaded drive rod (203) is fixedly connected to a moving seat (204), the bottom of the moving seat (204) is slidably connected to the support slide rail (201), a motor seat (205) is provided on one side of the top of the moving seat (204), the outer wall of the motor seat (205) is fixedly connected to a mounting seat (206), a displacement sensor (207) is provided on the outer wall of the moving seat (204), and an ultrasonic generating unit is provided on the top of the turning table (1); The ultrasonic generating unit comprises ultrasonic generators (3) located on both sides of the turning table (1); the output end of the ultrasonic generator (3) is connected to an ultrasonic transducer (302) via a connecting line (301); one end of the ultrasonic transducer (302) is connected to an adaptive resonant drive unit, and the other end is connected to an energy recovery and collection unit; an electric control box (4) is provided on one side of the turning table (1); a supercapacitor group (401) and an MCU controller (402) are respectively provided in the electric control box (4); The adaptive resonant drive unit comprises a signal generator (303), the output end of the signal generator (303) is connected to a power amplification unit, the output end of the power amplification unit is connected to a Hall current sensor (304) via a phase detection chip, and the output end of the Hall current sensor (304) is connected to an MCU controller (402) via an impedance matching network; The energy recovery and collection unit comprises a Schottky diode (305), the Schottky diode (305) is connected to both ends of the ultrasonic transducer (302), the output end of the Schottky diode (305) is connected to a back electromotive force collection unit, and the output end of the back electromotive force collection unit is connected to a supercapacitor group (401); A spindle motor (5) is provided on the outer wall of the motor base (205); an output end of the spindle motor (5) extends through the interior of the motor base (205) and is connected to a drive shaft (502) via a drive belt (501); an end of the drive shaft (502) is connected to a variable amplitude rod (503); an output end of the variable amplitude rod (503) is connected to a tool holder (504); a turning tool (505) for turning a camshaft is fixedly connected to an end of the tool holder (504); and an end of the variable amplitude rod (503) is connected to a vibration sensor (506); A support block (6) is fixedly connected to the middle of the workbench (2), a placement groove (601) is fixedly connected to the support block (6), a plurality of arc-shaped holes (602) with different curvatures are provided in the placement groove (601), cleaning vibrators (603) are fixedly connected to both sides of the inner wall of the placement groove (601), and temperature sensors (604) are provided on both sides of the outer wall of the placement groove (601); The output ends of the temperature sensor (604), displacement sensor (207), vibration sensor (506), and cutting force sensor (507) are all connected to an adaptive feedback adjustment unit, and the output end of the adaptive feedback adjustment unit is connected to an MCU controller (402). The MCU controller (402) sequentially drives the threaded drive rod (203), the drive belt (501), and the amplitude rod (503) to operate through a DSP drive circuit; A fixed plate (7) is fixedly connected to one side of the support block (6), an electric hydraulic rod (701) is provided on one side of the fixed plate (7), an output end of the electric hydraulic rod (701) is connected to a fixed shaft sleeve (702), and a position sensor is provided between the fixed shaft sleeve (702) and the electric hydraulic rod (701); The output ends of the spindle motor (5) and the feed motor (202) are both connected to a DC-DC converter (11), the output end of the DC-DC converter (11) is connected to an energy management chip, the output end of the energy management chip is connected to a load distribution unit, and the end of the tool holder (504) away from the turning tool (505) is connected to a piezoelectric ceramic piece (12).

3. The camshaft turning device based on ultrasonic assisted machining according to claim 2, characterized in that: A chip collecting box (8) is provided on one side of the turning table (1), a material collecting opening (801) is provided on the top of the chip collecting box (8), the material collecting opening (801) is communicated with the interior of the chip collecting box (8), a filter plate (802) is provided inside the material collecting opening (801), the outer wall of the filter plate (802) is fixedly connected to a clamping plate (803), the inner wall of the material collecting opening (801) is provided with a clamping groove that matches the clamping plate (803), a material guide inclined plate (804) is provided on one side of the turning table (1), a drainage hole is provided in the support block (6), and the drainage hole is communicated with the upper side of the material guide inclined plate (804).

4. The camshaft turning device based on ultrasonic assisted machining according to claim 3, characterized in that: A cleaning liquid tank (9) is provided on the outer wall of the chip collecting box (8), and an output end of the cleaning liquid tank (9) is connected to a cleaning pipe (901). An end of the cleaning pipe (901) away from the cleaning liquid tank (9) extends to above the placement tank (601) and is provided with a cleaning liquid nozzle (902). An end of the cleaning pipe (901) close to the cleaning liquid tank (9) is provided with a driving pump (903).

5. The camshaft turning device based on ultrasonic assisted machining according to claim 4, characterized in that: A rectangular groove (10) is provided on the outer bottom of the chip collecting box (8), a circulation pipe (1001) is provided in the rectangular groove (10), one end of the circulation pipe (1001) is connected to the interior of the chip collecting box (8), and the other end extends to the interior of the cleaning liquid tank (9), and a circulation pump (1002) is provided at one end of the circulation pipe (1001) close to the cleaning liquid tank (9).

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