Gripping anchor capable of being used for reef geology and mounting device of gripping anchor

Abstract

The invention discloses a holding power anchor capable of being used for reef geology and a mounting device of the holding power anchor. The holding power anchor comprises an anchor top connecting plate, an anchor rod, a plurality of anchor flukes, an anchor chain, an anchor rod plate, a gravity block and an anchor rod bottom. The anchor chain is connected with the anchor rod plate; one end of each anchor fluke is hinged to the anchor rod plate, the multiple anchor flukes can be unfolded or folded relative to the anchor rod, the gravity block is movably arranged on the anchor rod, and when the anchor flukes are not unfolded, the gravity block is extruded. The mounting device comprises a high-pressure water jet cutter generator, a water jet cutter recovery rod, a water jet cutter recovery chain, an anchor fluke limiting plate and a water jet cutter spray pipe, the high-pressure water jet cutter generator is used for generating and outputting high-pressure mixed mortar or high-pressure water jet, and when the holding power anchor is mounted, the water jet cutter spray pipe sequentially penetrates through an anchor top connecting plate, an anchor rod and an anchor rod bottom. High-pressure mixed mortar or high-pressure water jet is sprayed out from the bottom of the anchor rod to cut obstacles at the anchor bottom, and obstacle breaking is achieved. The problem of anchor fluke embedding failure caused by a hard barrier layer in reef geological anchoring can be effectively solved, and ocean development is assisted.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present invention relates to the field of ocean engineering, in particular to an anchoring device, and more particularly to a grasping anchor and its installation device applicable to reef rock geology. Background Art

[0002] In the field of ocean engineering, the anchoring device is a key component to ensure the stability of offshore structures (such as floating platforms, subsea pipelines, observation equipment, etc.). However, existing gravity anchors, drag anchors, etc. are applicable to soft seabeds. Under hard geological conditions such as reef rocks and corals, the seabed surface is often covered with hard sediment layers or biological shells, and ordinary anchors are difficult to penetrate, resulting in anchoring failure or low installation efficiency.

[0003] Existing anchoring devices, such as "a gravity anchor" disclosed by Hu Bin et al. in the Chinese invention patent publication CN 119190270 A, include: an anchor body with an installation cavity thereon, an opening provided on the side wall of the anchor body, and the opening is communicated with the installation cavity; a sling assembly provided on the anchor body; an anchor plate assembly provided on the bottom surface of the anchor body and extending downward; a hook arm assembly accommodated in the installation cavity, the hook arm assembly includes a driving part and a hook arm, the power output end of the driving part is connected to the hook arm, the hook arm extends out of the opening, and the driving part is used to drive the hook arm to rotate to hook the seabed. This device mainly relies on the self-gravity of the anchor body for anchoring, and has insufficient penetration ability for anchoring obstacles such as hard sediment layers or biological shells covering the reef rock seabed, which may lead to anchoring failure or low installation efficiency. Summary of the Invention

[0004] The purpose of the present invention is to at least overcome one of the above-mentioned disadvantages and deficiencies of the prior art, and provide a grasping anchor and its installation device applicable to reef rock geology for anchoring ocean engineering structures. The water jet pipe in the installation device can extend to the bottom of the anchor through the channel on the anchor rod of the grasping anchor to perform high-pressure cutting on the obstacles at the bottom of the anchor, so that the grasping anchor can continue to penetrate. After reaching the anchoring position, the installation device can be recovered. The grasping anchor relies on its own gravity and the gravity blocks thereon to open the anchor claws and hook the seabed firmly, effectively solving the problems that the anchoring device cannot penetrate obstacles and anchoring failure in reef rock geology. The present invention significantly improves the anchoring ability of the anchoring device in reef rock geology, enabling it to more effectively meet various ocean engineering requirements.

[0005] To achieve the purpose of the present invention, a grasping anchor applicable to reef rock geology provided by the present invention includes an anchor top connecting plate, an anchor rod, a plurality of anchor claws, an anchor chain, an anchor rod plate, gravity blocks, and an anchor rod bottom;

[0006] The anchor top connecting plate and the anchor rod plate are respectively arranged at both ends of the anchor rod, the anchor rod bottom is arranged on the anchor rod plate, and the anchor top connecting plate, the anchor rod, and the anchor rod bottom are all hollow structures;

[0007] One end of the anchor chain is connected to the anchor rod plate;

[0008] A plurality of anchor claws are arranged at intervals, and one end of each anchor claw is hinged to the anchor rod plate. The plurality of anchor claws can open or close relative to the anchor rod. The gravity block is arranged on the anchor rod so as to be movable up and down. When the anchor claws are not opened, they are extruded by the gravity block.

[0009] Further, the anchor top connecting plate is placed at the top of the anchor rod. The bottom of the anchor rod is sequentially connected with the anchor rod plate and the anchor rod bottom.

[0010] Further, the anchor claws are connected to the anchor rod plate through rotating pin shafts.

[0011] Further, the anchor rod bottom is conical.

[0012] Further, there are four anchor claws. The anchor rod plate is connected to the four anchor claws through rotating pin shafts. The middle of the anchor rod is a hollow channel, and the hollow channel runs through from the anchor top connecting plate to the anchor rod bottom.

[0013] Further, the anchor top connecting plate includes an upper support of the connecting plate and a lower support of the connecting plate connected to the upper support of the connecting plate. Both the upper support of the connecting plate and the lower support of the connecting plate are hollow structures with a hollow middle. Shearing screw matching holes are arranged on the upper support of the connecting plate. One end of the anchor chain is connected to the lower support of the connecting plate.

[0014] Further, anchor ears are arranged on the lower support of the connecting plate, and the anchor ears are connected to the anchor chain.

[0015] An installation device for a grab anchor applicable to reef rock geology provided by the present invention is used to install the grab anchor in reef rock geology. The installation device includes a high-pressure water knife generator, a water knife recovery rod, a water knife recovery chain, an anchor claw limiting plate, and a water knife spray pipe;

[0016] The high-pressure water knife generator is used to generate and output high-pressure mixed mortar or high-pressure water jet. The output end of the high-pressure water knife generator is communicated with the water knife spray pipe. When installing the grab anchor, the water knife spray pipe sequentially passes through the anchor top connecting plate, the anchor rod, and the anchor rod bottom. The high-pressure mixed mortar or high-pressure water jet is ejected from the anchor rod bottom through the water knife spray pipe to cut the obstacles at the bottom of the anchor, so as to achieve obstacle breaking;

[0017] The water knife recovery rod is connected to the high-pressure water knife generator, and the water knife recovery chain is connected to the water knife recovery rod;

[0018] The anchor claw limiting plate is connected to the high-pressure water knife generator. When installing the drag anchor, the anchor claw limiting plate is connected to the anchor top connecting plate through shear screws. The inner wall of the anchor claw limiting plate contacts the anchor claw and restricts the opening of the anchor claw. When the penetration shear force is greater than the bearing limit of the shear rivets, the shear screws are damaged, and the connection between the anchor claw limiting plate and the anchor top connecting plate is disconnected, allowing the installation device to be recovered. After the anchor claw limiting plate is lifted, the original anchor claw limiting plate that restricted the opening of the anchor claw is separated from the anchor claw, and the anchor claw opens under the extrusion of the gravity block and its own gravity.

[0019] After the connection between the anchor claw limiting plate and the anchor top connecting plate is disconnected, the installation device can be recovered through the water knife recovery chain connected to the water knife recovery rod.

[0020] Traditional anchoring devices often fail to effectively embed the anchor claws due to obstacles at the anchor bottom (such as hard coral layers, basalt interlayers, etc.) in complex geological conditions such as reef rock geology. The present invention integrates a separable installation device and a drag anchor, and a hollow channel is provided inside the anchor rod, enabling high-pressure mixed mortar or high-pressure water jets to directly act on the anchor point obstacles, realizing obstacle breaking and anchor rod penetration simultaneously; the anchor claw limiting plate is connected to the anchor top connecting plate through shear screws, and after obstacle breaking is completed, the separation of the anchor claw limiting plate is triggered by the penetration shear force, synchronously completing the recovery of the installation device and the gravity block driving the anchor claws to unfold, effectively solving the problem of anchor claw embedding failure caused by hard obstacle layers in reef rock geological anchoring and facilitating ocean development.

[0021] Furthermore, a through hole is provided in the center of the anchor claw limiting plate, an opening is provided in the center of the anchor top connecting plate, a hollow channel is provided in the middle of the anchor rod, a hollow channel is provided in the middle of the anchor rod plate, and a hollow channel is provided in the middle of the anchor rod bottom. The entire channel runs through from the anchor top connecting plate to the anchor rod bottom, and the water knife nozzle reaches the anchor point obstacle through the channel.

[0022] Furthermore, the high-pressure water knife generator includes a support pipe, a filter water pump, a water storage tank, a high-pressure water pump, a mortar mixing energy accumulator, and a sand storage tank. The filter water pump, the water storage tank, the high-pressure water pump, and the mortar mixing energy accumulator are arranged on the support pipe. The filter water pump, the water storage tank, the high-pressure water pump, and the mortar mixing energy accumulator are connected through a water knife pipeline and a water knife cable, and the mortar mixing energy accumulator is communicated with the support pipe. A sand storage tank is connected to the mortar mixing energy accumulator; one end of the water knife nozzle is communicated with the support pipe. High-pressure mixed mortar is generated in the mortar mixing energy accumulator, and the high-pressure mixed mortar can be introduced into the water knife nozzle through the support pipe.

[0023] Further, the support pipe is in a cross shape. The upper end of the cross-shaped support pipe is connected to the water jet recovery rod. At the four horizontal ends of the cross-shaped support pipe, a filter water pump, a water storage tank, a high-pressure water pump, and a mortar mixing energy accumulator are respectively connected. The lower end of the cross-shaped support pipe is connected to the water jet pipe and the anchor claw limiting plate. During operation, the connection channel between the mortar mixing energy accumulator and the cross-shaped support pipe is opened, and the high-pressure mixed mortar is ejected from the water jet pipe that penetrates into the hollow channel of the anchor rod to cut the obstacles at the anchor bottom, realizing obstacle breaking. In this solution, further, the internal channel of the cross-shaped support pipe is only connected to the mortar mixing energy accumulator and the water jet pipe, and there is no connection channel with the filter water pump, the water storage tank, and the high-pressure water pump.

[0024] Further, the sand storage tank stores cutting abrasives.

[0025] Further, the cutting abrasive is any one of emery, silicon carbide, corundum sand, cast iron sand, quartz sand, and cubic boron nitride.

[0026] Further, the water jet recovery rod is connected to the high-pressure water jet generator. The lower end of the high-pressure water jet generator is connected to the water jet pipe and the anchor claw limiting plate, and the water jet pipe passes through the through hole on the anchor claw limiting plate.

[0027] Further, adjust the quantities of the filter water pump, the water storage tank, the high-pressure water pump, and the mortar mixing energy accumulator according to the usage requirements.

[0028] Further, the high-pressure water jet generator includes a support pipe and a filter water pump, a water storage tank, and a high-pressure water pump arranged on the support pipe. The filter water pump, the water storage tank, and the high-pressure water pump are connected through a water jet pipe and a water jet cable, and one end of the water jet pipe is communicated with the high-pressure water pump.

[0029] The present invention has the following advantages and effects compared with the prior art:

[0030] (1) A grab anchor that can be used in reef rock geology provided by the present invention can provide effective anchoring in difficult anchoring scenarios such as reef rock geology and provide important support for various marine engineering structures.

[0031] (2) Different from the traditional anchoring device that only relies on the self-gravity of the anchor for anchoring, the present invention connects the installation device with the grab anchor, generates pressure mixed mortar or high-pressure water jet through the high-pressure water jet generator on the installation device, cuts the obstacles encountered at the anchor bottom, can effectively improve the obstacle-breaking ability of the grab anchor, and enables the grab anchor to continue to penetrate deeper to reach the anchoring position. It can be used to solve problems such as reef rock geology, where the anchor body is difficult to penetrate due to obstacles such as hard sediment layers or biological shells covering the seabed surface, resulting in anchoring failure.

[0032] (3) When the present invention is used for anchoring, the claw anchor closes when the anchor body penetrates, which helps the claw anchor penetrate and break through obstacles. After reaching the anchoring position, the claws open to provide anchoring force. The closing of the claws relies on the claw limiting plate of the installation device. The inner wall of the claw limiting plate contacts the claws, providing an inward supporting force to prevent the claws from opening and improving the penetration and obstacle-breaking ability of the anchor.

[0033] (4) In the device of the present invention, a gravity block can be arranged in the middle of the anchor rod. The gravity block continuously provides an outward extrusion force on the unopened claws. When the claw limiting plate in the installation device is recovered, the force restricting the opening of the claws disappears. Under the extrusion of the gravity block and its own gravity, the claws open to provide effective anchoring.

[0034] (5) The installation device of the device of the present invention can be recovered. The claw limiting plate of the installation device is connected to the anchor top connecting plate of the claw anchor by shear screws. Through the penetration shear force, the shear force borne by the shear screws is greater than its bearing limit, resulting in the failure of the shear screws and the disconnection of the connection between the claw limiting plate and the anchor top connecting plate. Subsequently, the installation device can be recovered through the water jet recovery chain connected to the water jet recovery rod. Description of the Drawings

[0035] Figure 1 It is a schematic structural diagram of a claw anchor and its installation device that can be used in reef rock geology provided by an embodiment of the present invention. In the figure, the installation device has not been recovered and the claws have not opened;

[0036] Figure 2 It is a schematic structural diagram of a recoverable water jet obstacle-breaking type claw anchoring device for reef rock geology provided by an embodiment of the present invention. In the figure, the installation device is being recovered and the claws are about to open;

[0037] Figure 3 It is a schematic structural diagram of a recoverable water jet obstacle-breaking type claw anchoring device for reef rock geology provided by an embodiment of the present invention. In the figure, the installation device is being recovered and the claws are fully opened;

[0038] Figure 4 It is a side view of a recoverable water jet obstacle-breaking type claw anchoring device for reef rock geology provided by an embodiment of the present invention. In the figure, the installation device has not been recovered and the claws have not opened;

[0039] Figure 5 It is a side view of a recoverable water jet obstacle-breaking type claw anchoring device for reef rock geology provided by an embodiment of the present invention. In the figure, the installation device is being recovered and the claws are fully opened;

[0040] Figure 6 It is a schematic structural diagram of the installation device in an embodiment of the present invention;

[0041] Figure 7Top view of the installation device in the embodiment of the present invention;

[0042] Figure 8 Side view of the installation device in the embodiment of the present invention;

[0043] Figure 9 Bottom view of the installation device in the embodiment of the present invention;

[0044] Figure 10 Structural schematic diagram of the holding anchor in the embodiment of the present invention, where the anchor claws are in the unopened state in the figure;

[0045] Figure 11 Top view of the holding anchor in the embodiment of the present invention, where the anchor claws are in the unopened state in the figure;

[0046] Figure 12 Side view of the holding anchor in the embodiment of the present invention, where the anchor claws are in the unopened state in the figure;

[0047] Figure 13 Bottom view of the holding anchor in the embodiment of the present invention, where the anchor claws are in the unopened state in the figure;

[0048] Figure 14 Structural schematic diagram of the holding anchor in the embodiment of the present invention, where the anchor claws are in the fully opened state in the figure;

[0049] Figure 15 Top view of the holding anchor in the embodiment of the present invention, where the anchor claws are in the fully opened state in the figure;

[0050] Figure 16 Side view of the holding anchor part in the embodiment of the present invention, where the anchor claws are in the fully opened state in the figure;

[0051] Figure 17 Bottom view of the holding anchor part in the embodiment of the present invention, where the anchor claws are in the fully opened state in the figure;

[0052] Figure 18 Front view of the combined structure of the anchor top connecting plate, anchor rod, anchor rod cross plate, anchor rod cone bottom, and gravity block in the embodiment of the present invention;

[0053] Figure 19 Top view of the combined structure of the anchor top connecting plate, anchor rod, anchor rod cross plate, anchor rod cone bottom, and gravity block in the embodiment of the present invention;

[0054] Figure 20 Bottom view of the combined structure of the anchor top connecting plate, anchor rod, anchor rod cross plate, anchor rod cone bottom, and gravity block in the embodiment of the present invention. Detailed implementation manners

[0055] To enable those skilled in the art to better understand the solution of the present invention, the present invention will be further described in detail below in conjunction with the accompanying drawings and specific embodiments. Obviously, the described embodiments are only a part of the embodiments of the present invention, rather than all of the embodiments. All other embodiments obtained by those of ordinary skill in the art based on the embodiments of the present invention without creative efforts shall fall within the scope of protection of the present invention.

[0056] Please refer to Figures 1 to 20 , a grabbing anchor and its installation device that can be used in reef rock geology provided by an embodiment of the present invention. The grabbing anchor includes an anchor rod bottom 1, an anchor rod plate 2, anchor claws 3, an anchor chain 4, a gravity block 10, an anchor top connecting plate 11, a rotating pin shaft 17, and an anchor rod 13.

[0057] Please refer to Figure 3 and Figure 18 , the anchor top connecting plate 11 is placed on the top of the anchor rod 13, a gravity block 10 that can move up and down is arranged on the anchor rod 13, the anchor rod bottom 1 and the anchor rod plate 2 are sequentially arranged at the bottom of the anchor rod 13, one ends of a plurality of anchor claws 3 are respectively connected to the anchor rod plate 2 through a rotating pin shaft 17, a hollow channel is in the middle of the anchor rod 13, and the channel penetrates from the anchor top connecting plate 11 to the anchor rod bottom 1. Hollow channels are arranged on both the anchor top connecting plate 11 and the anchor rod plate 2. When the anchor claws 3 are not opened, they are always squeezed by the gravity block 10. During installation, when the anchor claw limiting plate 9 is lifted, the force restricting the opening of the anchor claws 3 disappears, and the anchor claws 3 open under the extrusion of the gravity block 10 and their own gravity.

[0058] As an embodiment, the anchor rod bottom 1 is conical.

[0059] As an embodiment, the cross-section of the anchor rod plate 2 is cross-shaped, including a plate body and four plates symmetrically arranged on the plate body. The number of anchor claws 3 is 4, and one ends of the 4 anchor claws 3 are respectively connected to the four plates of the cross-shaped anchor rod plate 2 through a rotating pin shaft 17.

[0060] As an embodiment, please refer to Figure 18 and Figure 19 , the anchor top connecting plate 11 includes a connecting plate upper support 14 and a connecting plate lower support 15. The middle of the connecting plate upper support 14 is hollow, and a shear screw matching hole 26 is arranged on the connecting plate upper support 14 for matching with a shear screw 18. When installing the grabbing anchor through the installation device, the anchor top connecting plate 11 is connected to the anchor claw limiting plate 9 through the shear screw 18, and the inner wall of the anchor claw limiting plate 9 contacts the anchor claws 3. The lower end of the connecting plate upper support 14 is connected to the connecting plate lower support 15. The middle of the connecting plate lower support 15 is hollow, and the connecting plate lower support 15 is connected to an anchor ear 16, and the anchor ear 16 is connected to one end of the anchor chain 4.

[0061] As an embodiment, there are four anchor chains 4, which are connected to the anchor chains 4 through four anchor ears 16 around the lower support 15 of the connecting plate.

[0062] As an embodiment, openings are provided around the anchor claw limiting plate 9, and the anchor chain 4 passes through the openings around the anchor claw limiting plate 9.

[0063] As an embodiment, a through hole is opened in the center of the anchor claw limiting plate 9, and the water jet pipe 12 in the installation device can pass through the central through hole of the anchor claw limiting plate 9.

[0064] The installation device includes a water jet recovery chain 5, a water jet recovery rod 6, a water jet cable 7, a high-pressure water jet generator 8, an anchor claw limiting plate 9, a water jet pipe 12, and a shear screw 18. The high-pressure water jet generator 8 is used to generate and output high-pressure mixed mortar or high-pressure water jet. The high-pressure mixed mortar output end of the high-pressure water jet generator 8 is communicated with the water jet pipe 12. When installing the drag anchor, the water jet pipe 12 sequentially passes through the anchor top connecting plate 11, the anchor rod 13, and the bottom of the anchor rod 1, and the high-pressure mixed mortar is ejected from the bottom of the anchor rod 1 to cut the obstacles at the bottom of the anchor. The lower end of the high-pressure water jet generator 8 is connected to the water jet pipe 12 and the anchor claw limiting plate 9. The water jet recovery rod 6 is connected to the upper end of the high-pressure water jet generator 8. The water jet recovery chain 5 is connected to the water jet recovery rod 6. When installing the drag anchor, the anchor claw limiting plate 9 is connected to the anchor top connecting plate 11 through the shear screw 18. The inner wall of the anchor claw limiting plate 9 contacts the anchor claw 3 and restricts the opening of the anchor claw 3. When the penetration shear force is applied and the shear force is greater than the bearing limit of the shear rivet 18, the shear screw 18 is damaged, the connection between the anchor claw limiting plate 9 and the anchor top connecting plate 11 is disconnected, and after the anchor claw limiting plate 9 is lifted, it no longer restricts the opening of the anchor claw 3.

[0065] As an embodiment, please refer to Figures 6 to 9, the high-pressure water jet generator 8 includes a support pipe 25, a filtering water pump 19, a water storage tank 21, a high-pressure water pump 22, a mortar mixing accumulator 23 and a sand storage tank 24. The upper end of the support pipe 25 is connected to a water jet recovery rod 6, and the water jet recovery rod 6 is connected to a water jet recovery chain 5. The filtering water pump 19, the water storage tank 21, the high-pressure water pump 22, and the mortar mixing accumulator 23 are all arranged on the support pipe 25, and the mortar mixing accumulator 23 is communicated with the support pipe 25. A valve is arranged between the mortar mixing accumulator 23 and the support pipe 25, and the sand storage tank 24 is also connected to the mortar mixing accumulator 23. The filtering water pump 19, the water storage tank 21, the high-pressure water pump 22, and the mortar mixing accumulator 23 are connected by a water jet pipeline 20 and are also connected by a water jet cable 7. The lower end of the support pipe 25 is connected to a water jet nozzle 12 and an anchor claw limiting plate 9, and the water jet nozzle 12 passes through a through hole in the center of the anchor claw limiting plate 9. During operation, the filtering water pump 19 filters seawater and pumps it into the water storage tank 21. The water in the water storage tank 21 is pumped into the mortar mixing accumulator 23 by the high-pressure water pump 22. Then, the sand storage tank 24 transports cutting abrasive into the mortar mixing accumulator 23 to form high-pressure mixed mortar in the mortar mixing accumulator 23. Subsequently, the connection channel between the mortar mixing accumulator 23 and the support pipe 25 is opened, and the high-pressure mixed mortar is ejected from the water jet nozzle 12 that penetrates the hollow channel of the deep anchor rod 13 to cut the obstacles at the anchor bottom and achieve obstacle breaking.

[0066] As an embodiment, the support pipe 25 can adopt a four-way water distribution valve. The four ends of the four-way water distribution valve in the horizontal direction are respectively connected to the filtering water pump 19, the water storage tank 21, the high-pressure water pump 22, and the mortar mixing accumulator 23. Three of the valves of the four-way water distribution valve are in a normally closed state, and the valve connected to the mortar mixing accumulator 23 is opened when high-pressure mixed mortar needs to be output.

[0067] As an embodiment, the cutting abrasive can adopt emery. In other embodiments, emery can also be replaced by other particles with high hardness, uniform particles, impact resistance, and chemical inertness, such as any one of silicon carbide, corundum sand, cast iron sand, quartz sand, and cubic boron nitride.

[0068] Please refer to Figures 6 - 9 , in the high-pressure water jet generator 8, the filtering water pump 19 filters seawater and pumps it into the water storage tank 21. The water in the water storage tank 21 is pumped into the mortar mixing accumulator 23 by the high-pressure water pump 22. Then, the sand storage tank 24 transports emery into the mortar mixing accumulator 23 to form high-pressure mixed mortar in the mortar mixing accumulator 23. Subsequently, the connection channel between the mortar mixing accumulator 23 and the support pipe 25 is opened, and the high-pressure mixed mortar is ejected from the water jet nozzle 12 that penetrates the hollow channel of the deep anchor rod 13 to cut the obstacles at the anchor bottom and achieve obstacle breaking.

[0069] As an embodiment, the high-pressure water jet generator 8 includes a support pipe 25, and a filter water pump 19, a water storage tank 21, and a high-pressure water pump 22 provided on the support pipe 25. The filter water pump 19, the water storage tank 21, and the high-pressure water pump 22 are connected through a water jet pipeline 20 and a water jet cable 7. One end of the water jet nozzle 12 is connected to the water outlet end of the high-pressure water pump 22, and the high-pressure water jet generated by the pressure water pump 22 flows into the water jet nozzle 12.

[0070] As an embodiment, when installing the holding anchor, the anchor claw limiting plate 9 is connected to the anchor top connecting plate 11 through a shear screw 18. When the penetration shear force is applied and the shear force is greater than the bearing limit of the shear rivet 18, the shear screw 18 is damaged, and the connection between the anchor claw limiting plate 9 and the anchor top connecting plate 11 is disconnected. Subsequently, the installation device including the water jet recovery rod 6, the water jet recovery chain 5, the water jet cable 7, the high-pressure water jet generator 8, the water jet nozzle 12, and the anchor claw limiting plate 9 can be recovered through the water jet recovery chain 5 connected to the water jet recovery rod 6.

[0071] As an embodiment, when installing the holding anchor, the anchor claw limiting plate 9 is connected to the anchor top connecting plate 11 through a shear screw 18. The inner wall of the anchor claw limiting plate 9 contacts the anchor claw 3 and restricts the opening of the anchor claw 3. By applying the penetration shear force to damage the shear screw 18, after the connection between the anchor claw limiting plate 9 and the anchor top connecting plate 11 is disconnected, the installation device is recovered. The anchor claw limiting plate 9 is lifted and no longer restricts the opening of the anchor claw 3.

[0072] As an embodiment, the power of the high-pressure water jet generator 8 is 20 kw, the length of the anchor claw 3 is 3.5 meters, the width is 1.8 meters, the number of the anchor claws 3 is 4, and the hollow diameter in the anchor rod 13 is 0.5 meters.

[0073] As an embodiment, the quantity and power of the filter water pump 19, the high-pressure water pump 22, the water storage tank 21, and the mortar mixing energy accumulator 23 included in the high-pressure water jet generator 8 can be set according to needs. That is, only one of the filter water pump 19, the high-pressure water pump 22, etc. can be set, or multiple can be set according to needs. The power can be increased, and the cutting ability of the high-pressure water jet can be enhanced.

[0074] Please refer to Figure 6 and Figure 10 , the anchor claw limiting plate 9 is connected to the anchor top connecting plate 11 through six shear screws 18. When the holding anchor reaches the anchoring position, by applying the penetration shear force and making the shear force greater than the bearing limit of the shear rivet 18, the shear screw 18 is damaged, so that the connection between the anchor claw limiting plate 9 and the anchor top connecting plate 11 is disconnected, that is, the installation device is separated from the holding anchor.

[0075] Please refer to Figure 2, after the connection between the anchor claw limiting plate 9 and the anchor top connection plate 11 is disconnected, the water jet recovery rod 6, the water jet recovery chain 5, the water jet cable 7, the high-pressure water jet generator 8, the water jet nozzle 12, and the anchor claw limiting plate 9 can be recovered through the water jet recovery chain 5 connected to the water jet recovery rod 6.

[0076] Please refer to Figure 2 and Figure 3 , after the connection between the anchor claw limiting plate 9 and the anchor top connection plate 11 is disconnected, the high-pressure water jet part is recovered through the water jet recovery chain 5 connected to the water jet recovery rod 6. The anchor claw limiting plate 9 is lifted and no longer restricts the opening of the anchor claw 3. The anchor claw 3 gradually opens under the extrusion of the gravity block 10 and its own gravity.

[0077] In other embodiments, the number of shear rivets and the number of anchor claws can be adjusted as needed.

[0078] As Figures 1 - 17 shown, when anchoring, a grab anchor and its installation device for reef rock geology provided by the foregoing embodiment of the present invention. The installation device is connected to the anchor top connection plate 11 through six shear screws 18 on the anchor claw limiting plate 9. The gravity block 10 that can move up and down on the anchor rod 13 is under the action of gravity and always squeezes the anchor claw 3, providing a force for the anchor claw 3 to open outwards. At the same time, the anchor claw limiting plate 9 contacts the unopened anchor claw 3, providing an inward supporting force to restrict the opening of the anchor claw 3. When the grab anchor encounters an obstacle, the high-pressure water jet generator 8 in the installation device works, generates high-pressure mixed mortar and sprays it from the bottom of the anchor rod bottom 1 through the water jet nozzle 12 to cut the obstacle. After the grab anchor breaks through the obstacle and reaches the position to be anchored, the water jet recovery rod 6 and the high-pressure water jet generator 8 connected thereto, the anchor claw limiting plate 9 connected to the high-pressure water jet generator 8, and the water jet nozzle 12 are pulled up through the water jet recovery chain 5. Due to the upward pulling force and the gravity of the anchor body, the shear force borne by the shear screw 18 exceeds the bearing limit, the shear screw 18 is damaged, and the connection between the anchor claw limiting plate 9 and the anchor top connection plate 11 is disconnected. The anchor claw limiting plate 9 is lifted and no longer contacts the anchor claw 3, and the force restricting the opening of the anchor claw 3 disappears. The anchor claw 3 gradually opens under the extrusion of the gravity block 10 and its own gravity. As the anchor chain 4 is pulled upwards and the anchor claw 3 receives a downward resistance from soil and the like, the anchor claw 3 can finally open completely and firmly hook the seabed.

[0079] The embodiments of the present invention can meet the anchoring needs of geological conditions where it is difficult to break through the anchoring obstacles on the seabed such as reef rock geology. The device has strong obstacle-breaking ability and excellent anchoring performance. The embodiments of the present invention provide a drag embedment anchor. During installation, the water jet pipe 12 in the installation device can be inserted into the drag embedment anchor, so that the drag embedment anchor can carry a high-pressure water jet to cut the obstacles at the anchor bottom through the high-pressure water jet, improving the obstacle-breaking ability of the anchor. In the obstacle-breaking process of the drag embedment anchor of the embodiments of the present invention, the anchor claws do not open, which helps the anchor penetrate the obstacles. After penetrating the obstacles, the gravity block, the self-gravity of the anchor, and the continuous upward tension of the anchor chain 4 are used to fully open the anchor claws, with strong structural reliability. The installation device of the present invention is connected to the drag embedment anchor through shear screws and can be damaged by the penetration shear force to separate the installation device and the drag embedment anchor, and the installation device is recycled through the water jet recovery chain 5 provided thereon, saving resource costs.

[0080] Traditional marine engineering anchoring devices, such as gravity anchors, drag anchors, etc., have problems such as insufficient anchoring depth, insufficient holding force, and anchoring failure under hard reef rock geological conditions. The uniqueness of the embodiments of the present invention lies in that it does not rely solely on the self-gravity of the anchor for anchoring. When anchoring, it also generates a high-pressure water jet through the recyclable installation device installed thereon to cut the obstacles at the anchor bottom, and then enables the anchor to break through the obstacles and penetrate deep into the seabed.

[0081] The implementation manners of the present invention are not limited by the above embodiments. Any other changes, modifications, substitutions, combinations, and simplifications made without departing from the spirit and principle of the present invention shall be equivalent replacement manners and are all included in the protection scope of the present invention.

[0082] The above-disclosed preferred embodiments of the present invention are only used to help illustrate the present invention. The preferred embodiments do not elaborate on all the details, nor do they limit the invention to the specific implementation manners described. Obviously, many modifications and changes can be made according to the content of this specification. These embodiments are selected and specifically described in this specification to better explain the principle and practical application of the present invention, so that those skilled in the relevant technical field can well understand and utilize the present invention.

Claims

1. A grab anchor applicable to reef rock geology, characterized in that, It includes an anchor top connecting plate (11), an anchor rod (13), multiple anchor claws (3), an anchor chain (4), an anchor rod plate (2), a gravity block (10) and an anchor rod bottom (1); The anchor top connecting plate (11) and the anchor rod plate (2) are respectively arranged at both ends of the anchor rod (13), the anchor rod bottom (1) is arranged on the anchor rod plate (2), and the anchor top connecting plate (11), the anchor rod (13) and the anchor rod bottom (1) are all of hollow structures; One end of the anchor chain (4) is connected to the anchor rod plate (2); Multiple anchor claws (3) are arranged at intervals and one end of each anchor claw (3) is hinged to the anchor rod plate (2). The multiple anchor claws (3) can open or close relative to the anchor rod (13), and the gravity block (10) is movably arranged on the anchor rod (13). When the anchor claws (3) are not opened, they are extruded by the gravity block (10).

2. The grab anchor applicable to reef rock geology according to claim 1, characterized in that, The anchor claw (3) is connected to the anchor rod plate (2) through a rotating pin shaft (17).

3. The grab anchor applicable to reef rock geology according to claim 1, characterized in that, The anchor rod bottom (1) is conical.

4. A grab anchor applicable to reef rock geology according to any one of claims 1-3, characterized in that The anchor top connecting plate (11) includes an upper connecting plate support (14) and a lower connecting plate support (15) connected to the upper connecting plate support (14). Both the upper connecting plate support (14) and the lower connecting plate support (15) are of hollow structures. A shear screw fitting hole (26) is arranged on the upper connecting plate support (14), and one end of the anchor chain (4) is connected to the lower connecting plate support (15).

5. An installation device for a grab anchor applicable to reef rock geology, characterized in that, For installing the grabbing anchor according to any one of claims 1-4 in reef rock geology, the installation device includes a high-pressure water knife generator (8), a water knife recovery rod (6), a water knife recovery chain (5), an anchor claw limiting plate (9) and a water knife nozzle (12); The high-pressure water knife generator (8) is used to generate and output high-pressure mixed mortar or high-pressure water jet. The output end of the high-pressure water knife generator (8) is communicated with the water knife nozzle (12). When installing the grabbing anchor, the water knife nozzle (12) sequentially passes through the anchor top connecting plate (11), the anchor rod (13) and the anchor rod bottom (1), and the high-pressure mixed mortar or high-pressure water jet sprays out from the anchor rod bottom (1) to cut the obstacles at the anchor bottom; The water knife recovery rod (6) is connected to the high-pressure water knife generator (8), and the water knife recovery chain (5) is connected to the water knife recovery rod (6); The anchor claw limiting plate (9) is connected to the high-pressure water knife generator (8). When installing the grabbing anchor, the anchor claw limiting plate (9) is connected to the anchor top connecting plate (11) through a shear screw (18). The inner wall of the anchor claw limiting plate (9) contacts the anchor claw (3) and restricts the opening of the anchor claw (3). When the penetration shear force and the shear force are greater than the bearing limit of the shear rivet (18), the shear screw (18) is damaged, the connection between the anchor claw limiting plate (9) and the anchor top connecting plate (11) is disconnected, and after the anchor claw limiting plate (9) is lifted, it no longer restricts the opening of the anchor claw (3).

6. The installation device of a grab anchor applicable to reef rock geology according to claim 5, characterized in that The high-pressure water jet generator (8) includes a support pipe (25), a filtration water pump (19), a water storage tank (21), a high-pressure water pump (22), a mortar mixing accumulator (23), and a sand storage tank (24). The filtration water pump (19), the water storage tank (21), the high-pressure water pump (22), and the mortar mixing accumulator (23) are arranged on the support pipe (25). The filtration water pump (19), the water storage tank (21), the high-pressure water pump (22), and the mortar mixing accumulator (23) are connected through a water jet pipeline (20) and a water jet cable (7). Moreover, the mortar mixing accumulator (23) is communicated with the support pipe (25), and the mortar mixing accumulator (23) is connected to the sand storage tank (24). One end of the water jet nozzle (12) is communicated with the support pipe (25).

7. The installation device of a gripping anchor applicable to reef rock geology according to claim 6, characterized in that, The sand storage tank (24) stores cutting abrasives.

8. The installation device of a grab anchor applicable to reef rock geology according to claim 7, characterized in that, The cutting abrasives are any one of emery, silicon carbide, corundum sand, cast iron sand, quartz sand, and cubic boron nitride.

9. The installation device of a grab anchor applicable to reef rock geology according to any one of claims 6-8, characterized in that, Adjust the quantities of the filtration water pump (19), the water storage tank (21), the high-pressure water pump (22), and the mortar mixing accumulator (23) according to the usage requirements.

10. The installation device of a grab anchor applicable to reef rock geology according to claim 5, characterized in that, The high-pressure water jet generator (8) includes a support pipe (25) and the filtration water pump (19), the water storage tank (21), and the high-pressure water pump (22) arranged on the support pipe (25). The filtration water pump (19), the water storage tank (21), and the high-pressure water pump (22) are connected through a water jet pipeline (20) and a water jet cable (7). One end of the water jet nozzle (12) is communicated with the high-pressure water pump (22).

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